JP2021014422A - Fecal state improving agent - Google Patents
Fecal state improving agent Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、ビフィズス菌を含有する便性改善剤に関する。 The present invention relates to a stool improving agent containing bifidobacteria.
消化器機能の障害には種々な原因が存在するが、なかには、器質的異常がみられない場合も少なくない。例えば、機能性消化管障害（Functional gastrointestinal disorders：ＦＧＩＤ）は、器質的異常が認められないにもかかわらず慢性的な消化器症状を有する疾患であり、腹部の不快感、排便習慣の変化（下痢、軟便、便秘）といった症状を呈する。ＦＧＩＤはさらにその症状発現の原因臓器によって分類され、代表的なものに機能性ディスペプシア（functional dyspepsia：ＦＤ）と過敏性腸症候群（irritable bowel syndrome：ＩＢＳ）がある。また、機能性消化管障害と診断されていない健常者の間にも、同様の排便に対する異常を有する者が少なからず存在する。 There are various causes for disorders of digestive function, but in many cases, no organic abnormality is observed. For example, functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGID) is a disease that has chronic gastrointestinal symptoms in spite of no organic abnormalities, abdominal discomfort, and changes in bowel movements (diarrhea). , Loose stool, constipation). FGID is further classified according to the organ responsible for the onset of its symptoms, and typical ones are functional dyspepsia (FD) and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). In addition, there are not a few healthy subjects who have not been diagnosed with functional gastrointestinal disorders who have similar abnormalities in defecation.
乳酸菌、ビフィズス菌、酵母等を用いて、消化管疾患又は消化管障害における下痢症状を改善することが開示されている。例えば、特許文献１には、ペディオコッカス属（Pediococcus）と、乳酸菌（Lactobacillus）、ビフィズス菌（Bifidobacterium）、サッカロミセス属（Saccharomyces）及びそれらの混合物との組み合わせを、過敏性腸症候群、炎症性腸疾患又は胃炎の症状を改善又は低減するために使用することが記載されている。特許文献２には、機能性腸疾患の症状を改善するためにラクトバチルス・アシドフィラス（Lactobacillus acidophilus）及びビフィドバクテリウム・ラクティス（Bifidobacterium lactis）を含む組成物を使用することが記載されている。特許文献３には、ビフィドバクテリウム・ロンガムＡＴＣＣ ＢＡＡ−９９９を含有する機能性胃腸障害の治療及び又は予防用組成物が記載されている。一方、非特許文献１には、Bacillus subtilis C-3120株を４週間摂取したことによって、軟便傾向の健常人で排便頻度が低下し、下痢症状が抑制され、便性が正常な状態に近づいたことが報告されている。しかし、上述の効果が、乳酸菌、ビフィズス菌等の菌に含まれる成分によるものか、又は該菌の生理作用によるものかは不明である。また、上述の効果が人体のいずれの部位に菌又はその成分が作用してもたらされたかも不明である。 It is disclosed that lactic acid bacteria, bifidobacteria, yeast and the like are used to improve diarrhea symptoms in gastrointestinal diseases or gastrointestinal disorders. For example, in Patent Document 1, a combination of Pediococcus, Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, Saccharomyces, and a mixture thereof is described in Irritable Bowel Syndrome, Inflammatory Bowel. It is described to be used to improve or reduce the symptoms of the disease or gastrointestinal inflammation. Patent Document 2 describes the use of a composition containing Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium lactis to ameliorate the symptoms of functional bowel disease. Patent Document 3 describes a composition for treating and / or preventing functional gastrointestinal disorders containing Bifidobacterium longum ATCC BAA-999. On the other hand, according to Non-Patent Document 1, by ingesting the Bacillus subtilis C-3120 strain for 4 weeks, the frequency of defecation decreased in healthy subjects with a tendency to loose stools, diarrhea symptoms were suppressed, and the stools became normal. Has been reported. However, it is unclear whether the above-mentioned effect is due to a component contained in bacteria such as lactic acid bacteria and bifidobacteria, or due to the physiological action of the bacteria. It is also unclear which part of the human body the above-mentioned effect was brought about by the action of the bacterium or its components.
一方、乳酸菌、ビフィズス菌などの細菌は、生菌を経口摂取した場合、胃酸や胆汁酸などの消化液の影響により消化管、特に大腸まで到達する前に死滅してしまうという問題がある。この問題の解決手段として、有効成分が物理的に保護された製剤を経口摂取することで身体の所望の部位にその有効成分を送達させる、いわゆるドラッグデリバリーシステム（ＤＤＳ）が提案されている。特許文献４には、ビフィズス菌を充填したハードカプセルの表面に、キトサン含有層と、腸溶性基剤層とを有してなるビフィズス菌大腸デリバリーカプセルが、内包するビフィズス菌を胃及び小腸で溶出させることなく、大腸で速やかに溶出させ、かつ、胃及び小腸でのハードカプセル内への水分の侵入を抑え、ビフィズス菌の失活を抑え得ることが記載されている。特許文献５には、大腸有用菌とショ糖脂肪酸エステルを内包したカプセルと、その表面に被覆されたキトサン含有層及び腸溶性基剤層からなる経口カプセル製剤が、内包する大腸有用菌の保存安定性に優れ、保健効果を奏し得るのに十分な量の活性な大腸有用菌を大腸に送達可能であり、優れた整腸作用を有し、腸内環境を大幅に改善し得ることが記載されている。 On the other hand, bacteria such as lactic acid bacteria and bifidobacteria have a problem that when live bacteria are ingested orally, they are killed before reaching the digestive tract, particularly the large intestine, due to the influence of digestive juices such as gastric acid and bile acid. As a solution to this problem, a so-called drug delivery system (DDS) has been proposed in which a preparation in which the active ingredient is physically protected is orally ingested to deliver the active ingredient to a desired part of the body. In Patent Document 4, the bifidobacteria large intestine delivery capsule having a chitosan-containing layer and an enteric-coated base layer on the surface of a hard capsule filled with bifidobacteria elutes the contained bifidobacteria in the stomach and small intestine. It is described that it can be rapidly eluted in the large intestine, suppress the invasion of water into the hard capsule in the stomach and small intestine, and suppress the inactivation of bifidobacteria. In Patent Document 5, an oral capsule preparation comprising a capsule containing a useful bacterium for the large intestine and a sucrose fatty acid ester, and a chitosan-containing layer and an enteric base layer coated on the surface thereof provides stable storage of the useful bacterium for the large intestine. It is described that it is possible to deliver a sufficient amount of active large intestine useful bacteria to the large intestine, which is excellent in sex and has a health effect, has an excellent intestinal regulation effect, and can significantly improve the intestinal environment. ing.
本発明の課題は、健常者の便性の改善、より詳細には、便性が正常の範囲内ではあるものの軟便傾向にある健常者において、その便性をより良い状態になるように改善することである。 An object of the present invention is to improve the stool property of a healthy person, more specifically, to improve the stool property of a healthy person who has a tendency to loose stool although the stool property is within the normal range. That is.
本発明者は、ビフィズス菌の生菌が、消化管疾患又は消化管障害を有さない健常者の便性改善に有効であることを見出した。これまで、健常者の便性改善に対するビフィズス菌の効果は明らかにされていなかった。さらに本発明者らは、大腸デリバリーカプセルにビフィズス菌を封入し、経口投与することで、ビフィズス菌を生きたまま大腸まで送達することができ、上記のビフィズス菌生菌による便性改善効果をより増強させることができることを見出した。 The present inventor has found that live bifidobacteria are effective in improving the stools of healthy subjects who do not have gastrointestinal diseases or gastrointestinal disorders. So far, the effect of bifidobacteria on improving the feces of healthy subjects has not been clarified. Furthermore, by encapsulating bifidobacteria in a large intestine delivery capsule and orally administering the bifidobacteria, the bifidobacteria can be delivered to the large intestine alive, and the above-mentioned viable bifidobacteria have a better effect on improving feces. We have found that it can be enhanced.
本発明は、ビフィズス菌の生菌を含有する便性改善剤を提供する。 The present invention provides a stool improving agent containing viable bifidobacteria.
本発明によれば、ビフィズス菌を用いて、消化管疾患又は消化管障害には該当しない健常者に属するが、軟便傾向にある者の便性を改善することができる。より詳細には、本発明の便性改善剤は、軟便傾向にある健常者のブリストル便性状スケール（Bristol Stool Form Scale；ＢＳＳ）スコアを改善する。 According to the present invention, bifidobacteria can be used to improve the stool characteristics of a person who belongs to a healthy person who does not correspond to a gastrointestinal disease or a gastrointestinal disorder but who tends to have loose stools. More specifically, the stool improving agent of the present invention improves the Bristol Stool Form Scale (BSS) score of healthy subjects who are prone to loose stools.
ブリストル便性状スケール（Bristol Stool Form Scale；ＢＳＳ）は、Ｈｅａｔｏｎら（Br. Med. J., 1990, 300:439-440）により提唱された大便の形状と硬さに関する指標であり、便秘や下痢の診断項目のひとつとして使用されている。ＢＳＳでは、便の状態を、その形状と硬さに基づいて、１：コロコロ便、２：硬い便、３：やや硬い便、４：普通便、５：やや軟らかい便、６：泥状便、７：水様便の７段階に分類する。ＢＳＳスコアが１から２は便秘の便、３から５は正常の便、６から７は下痢の便と判断される。 The Bristol Stool Form Scale (BSS) is an index of stool shape and hardness proposed by Heaton et al. (Br. Med. J., 1990, 300: 439-440), and is used for constipation and diarrhea. It is used as one of the diagnostic items of. In BSS, the condition of stool is determined based on its shape and hardness: 1: rolling stool, 2: hard stool, 3: slightly hard stool, 4: normal stool, 5: slightly soft stool, 6: muddy stool, 7: Classify into 7 stages of watery stool. A BSS score of 1 to 2 is judged to be constipated stool, 3 to 5 is judged to be normal stool, and 6 to 7 is judged to be diarrhea stool.
一方、消化器症状評価尺度（Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale；ＧＳＲＳ）は、ヨーロッパで開発された消化器の疾患特異的質問票であり（Scand. J. Gastroenterol., 1995, 30:1046-1052）、消化器症状を持つ患者の日常生活に及ぼす障害の強さを定量化するために使用されている。ＧＳＲＳでは、消化器症状が日常生活に及ぼす障害の強さを、１：ぜんぜん困らなかった、２：あまり困らなかった、３：少し困った、４：中くらいに困った、５：かなり困った、６：たいへん困った、７：がまんできないくらい困った、の７段階に分類する。ＧＳＲＳスコアが大きいほど、障害の強さが大きいと判断される。 On the other hand, the Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale (GSRS) is a gastrointestinal disease-specific questionnaire developed in Europe (Scand. J. Gastroenterol., 1995, 30: 1046-1052) and digestive. It is used to quantify the intensity of disability in the daily life of patients with organ symptoms. In GSRS, the strength of the disorder that gastrointestinal symptoms affect daily life was: 1: I was not troubled at all 2: I was not so troubled 3: I was a little troubled 4: I was troubled in the middle 5: I was quite troubled , 6: I'm in trouble, 7: I'm in trouble so much that I can't stand it. The larger the GSRS score, the greater the strength of the disability.
一般的に、消化管障害による下痢症状を有する患者は、ＢＳＳスコアが非常に高い。例えば、下痢型ＩＢＳ患者は、ＢＳＳ６〜７程度の状態が見られ、ＢＳＳが５に近づくほど症状が改善されたとみなされる。また、下痢型ＩＢＳ患者は、症状が重篤であるほどＧＳＲＳスコアが大きくなり、５以上のケースも見られる。 In general, patients with diarrhea due to gastrointestinal disorders have very high BSS scores. For example, diarrhea-predominant IBS patients have a condition of BSS 6 to 7, and it is considered that the symptom is improved as the BSS approaches 5. In addition, in diarrhea-predominant IBS patients, the more severe the symptoms, the higher the GSRS score, and there are cases of 5 or more.
本発明は、健常者のための便性改善剤を提供する。より詳細には、本発明の便性改善剤は、軟便傾向にある健常者における軟便の改善剤である。本発明における「健常者」とは、臨床的な診断基準に基づく消化管疾患又は消化管障害の患者に該当しない者をいう。また本発明における「軟便傾向にある健常者」とは、便性がＢＳＳスコア５以下の軟便の状態にある健常者をいう。したがって、本発明の便性改善剤は、該軟便傾向である（ＢＳＳスコア５以下の軟便の状態にある）健常者において、その便性を、普通便（ＢＳＳスコア４）により近づくように改善し得る。 The present invention provides a stool improving agent for a healthy person. More specifically, the stool improving agent of the present invention is a loose stool improving agent in a healthy person who tends to have loose stools. The "healthy person" in the present invention means a person who does not correspond to a patient with gastrointestinal disease or gastrointestinal disorder based on clinical diagnostic criteria. Further, the "healthy person who tends to have loose stools" in the present invention means a healthy person who has a stool property of BSS score of 5 or less. Therefore, the stool improving agent of the present invention improves the stool property of a healthy person who has a tendency toward loose stools (in a state of loose stools having a BSS score of 5 or less) so as to be closer to normal stools (BSS score 4). obtain.
本発明の便性改善剤は、ビフィズス菌を含有する。本発明で用いられる該ビフィズス菌の種類としては、特に制限されないが、例えば、ビフィドバクテリウム・サーモフィラム（Bifidobacterium thermophilum）、ビフィドバクテリウム・ロンガム（B. longum）、ビフィドバクテリウム・ビフィダム（B. bifidum）、ビフィドバクテリウム・ブレーベ（B. breve）、ビフィドバクテリウム・アンドレセンティス（B. andlescentis）、ビフィドバクテリウム・インファンティス（B. infantis）、ビフィドバクテリウム・アニマリス（B. animalis）、ビフィドバクテリウム・シュードロンガム（B. pseudolongum）などのビフィドバクテリウム属菌が挙げられる。本発明において、これらのビフィズス菌は、いずれか単独で又は２種以上組み合わせて用いることができる。好ましくは、本発明で用いられるビフィズス菌は、ビフィドバクテリウム・ロンガムであり、より好ましくはビフィドバクテリウム・ロンガムＡＴＣＣ ＢＡＡ−９９９株である。従来、ビフィズス菌を、消化管疾患又は消化管障害における下痢症状の改善のために用いることが開示されている（例えば、特許文献１〜３）。一方、軟便傾向ではあるが便性が正常の範囲内にある健常者の便性に対するビフィズス菌の効果については、従来報告がなかった。 The stool improving agent of the present invention contains bifidobacteria. The type of the bifidobacteria used in the present invention is not particularly limited, but for example, Bifidobacterium thermophilum, B. longum, Bifidobacterium longum (Bifidobacterium longum), and Bifidobacterium longum (Bifidobacterium thermophilum). B. bifidum), Bifidobacterium breve (B. breve), Bifidobacterium andlescentis, Bifidobacterium infantis, Bifidobacterium animalis (B. animalis), Bifidobacterium genus bacteria such as Bifidobacterium pseudolongum (B. pseudolongum) can be mentioned. In the present invention, these bifidobacteria can be used alone or in combination of two or more. Preferably, the bifidobacteria used in the present invention are bifidobacteria longum, more preferably the bifidobacteria longum ATCC BAA-999 strain. Conventionally, it has been disclosed that bifidobacteria are used for improving diarrhea symptoms in gastrointestinal diseases or gastrointestinal disorders (for example, Patent Documents 1 to 3). On the other hand, there has been no previous report on the effect of bifidobacteria on the stools of healthy subjects who tend to have loose stools but whose stools are within the normal range.
本発明の便性改善剤は、ビフィズス菌の生菌を有効成分として使用する。本発明の便性改善剤は、生きたビフィズス菌を用いて調製され、大腸に送達されたときに高い生菌数を維持している。該ビフィズス菌の生菌は、生存能力を維持できる形態であればよく、例えば乾燥物であっても非乾燥物であってもよい。また本発明の便性改善剤は、ビフィズス菌の生菌を含有していればよいが、ビフィズス菌の死菌及び／又は破砕物をさらに含有していてもよい。 The stool improving agent of the present invention uses a viable bifidobacteria as an active ingredient. The stool improving agent of the present invention is prepared using live bifidobacteria and maintains a high viable cell count when delivered to the large intestine. The viable bifidobacteria may be in a form capable of maintaining viability, and may be, for example, a dried product or a non-dried product. Further, the stool improving agent of the present invention may contain a viable bifidobacteria, but may further contain a killed and / or crushed bifidobacteria.
本発明の便性改善剤は、上述のビフィズス菌以外の大腸有用菌をさらに含んでいてもよい。該大腸有用菌の例としては、乳酸菌、納豆菌、及び酪酸菌からなる群より選択される１種以上が挙げられる。乳酸菌の例としては、ラクトバチルス属やストレプトコッカス属の菌、例えば、ラクトバチルス・ガッセリ（Lactobacillus gasseri）、ラクトバチルス・アシドフィルス（L. acidophilus）、ラクトバチルス・カゼイ（L. casei）、及びラクトバチルス・ラムノーサ（L. rhamnosus）など、ならびに植物乳酸菌、例えば乳酸菌ＲＩＥ株など、が挙げられる。納豆菌の例としては、市販の納豆に由来する納豆菌、ならびに市販の納豆菌、例えば高橋菌（高橋祐蔵研究所製、山形）、成瀬菌（株式会社成瀬醗酵化学研究所製、東京）、宮城野菌（有限会社宮城野納豆製造所製、仙台）、朝日菌（株式会社朝日工業製、東京）、日東菌（株式会社日東薬品工業製、京都）、目黒菌（株式会社目黒研究所製、大阪）などが挙げられる。酪酸菌の例としては、市販の酪酸菌、例えば宮入菌（ミヤリサン製薬株式会社製、東京）、東亜菌（東亜薬品工業製、東京）、日東菌（株式会社日東薬品工業製、京都）などが挙げられる。ただし、本発明の便性改善剤は、上記に挙げたビフィズス菌以外の大腸有用菌を含んでいる必要はなく、例えば、ペディオコッカス属（Pediococcus）、乳酸菌（Lactobacillus）又はBacillus属を含有しないものであってもよい。 The stool improving agent of the present invention may further contain useful bacteria for the large intestine other than the above-mentioned bifidobacteria. Examples of the useful bacteria for the large intestine include one or more selected from the group consisting of lactic acid bacteria, natto bacteria, and butyrate-producing bacteria. Examples of lactic acid bacteria include Lactobacillus and Streptococcus bacteria, such as Lactobacillus gasseri, L. acidophilus, L. casei, and Lactobacillus casei. Examples include L. rhamnosus and the like, as well as plant lactic acid bacteria, such as the Lactobacillus RIE strain. Examples of natto bacteria include commercially available natto bacteria derived from natto, and commercially available natto bacteria such as Takahashi bacteria (manufactured by Yuzo Takahashi Research Institute, Yamagata) and Naruse bacteria (manufactured by Naruse Fermentation Chemistry Research Institute, Tokyo). Miyagino Bacteria (Miyagino Natto Mfg. Co., Ltd., Sendai), Asahi Bacteria (Asahi Kogyo Co., Ltd., Tokyo), Nitto Bacteria (Nitto Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Kyoto), Meguro Bacteria (Meguro Institute Co., Ltd., Osaka) ) And so on. Examples of butyrate-producing bacteria include commercially available butyrate-producing bacteria (Miyarisan Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Tokyo), Toa bacteria (Toa Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Tokyo), Nitto bacteria (Nitto Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Kyoto), etc. Can be mentioned. However, the stool improving agent of the present invention does not need to contain useful colon bacteria other than the above-mentioned bifidobacteria, and does not contain, for example, Pediococcus, Lactobacillus or Bacillus. It may be a thing.
本発明の便性改善剤は、ビフィズス菌の生菌を大腸に送達できるように投与される。投与の方法としては、直腸投与、腸瘻投与が簡便であるが、身体への侵襲性を抑えるためには、好ましくは経口投与される。したがって、好ましくは本発明の便性改善剤は、経口的に消化管に投与される経口組成物である。該経口組成物の形態は、粉末、錠剤、丸薬、カプセル、液状などであり得、特に制限されない。該経口組成物は、直接経口投与されてもよく、あるいは食品（飲料を含む）等に混ぜて摂取されてもよい。例えば、粉末状の本発明の便性改善剤を、そのまま経口摂取することができ、又は飲料等に混ぜて摂取することができる。あるいは、カプセル状の本発明の便性改善剤を経口摂取することができる。該経口組成物は、ビフィズス菌を、薬学的に許容される担体、他の薬効成分（例えば、上述したビフィズス菌以外の大腸有用菌）などと適宜組み合わせて、定法に従って製造することができる。 The stool improving agent of the present invention is administered so that live bifidobacteria can be delivered to the large intestine. As a method of administration, rectal administration and intestinal fistula administration are convenient, but in order to suppress invasiveness to the body, oral administration is preferable. Therefore, preferably, the stool improving agent of the present invention is an oral composition that is orally administered to the gastrointestinal tract. The form of the oral composition may be powder, tablet, pill, capsule, liquid or the like, and is not particularly limited. The oral composition may be directly orally administered, or may be mixed with foods (including beverages) and ingested. For example, the powdery stool improving agent of the present invention can be taken orally as it is, or it can be mixed with a beverage or the like and taken. Alternatively, the capsule-shaped stool improving agent of the present invention can be orally ingested. The oral composition can be produced according to a conventional method by appropriately combining bifidobacteria with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, other medicinal ingredients (for example, colon useful bacteria other than the above-mentioned bifidobacteria) and the like.
好ましい実施形態において、本発明の便性改善剤は、大腸デリバリーカプセルの形態を有しており、経口摂取されて大腸へと送達される。 In a preferred embodiment, the stool improving agent of the present invention has the form of a large intestine delivery capsule, which is taken orally and delivered to the large intestine.
本発明で用いられる大腸デリバリーカプセルの好ましい例としては、上述のビフィズス菌を内包するカプセルを有し、かつ該カプセルの外側に、キトサン含有層と腸溶性基材含有層とを内側から順に有してなる大腸デリバリーカプセルが挙げられる。該大腸デリバリーカプセルにおいては、ビフィズス菌を内包するカプセルがキトサン含有層と腸溶性基材含有層で被覆されているため、内包するビフィズス菌が胃及び小腸で溶出することなく、大腸で速やかに溶出される。また、該大腸デリバリーカプセルは、胃及び小腸でのカプセル内への水分の侵入を抑え、内包するビフィズス菌の死滅を抑え得る。したがって、該大腸デリバリーカプセルは、有効成分であるビフィズス菌の生菌を大腸まで効率よく送達することを可能にし、且つカプセル内部のビフィズス菌生菌の保存安定性を向上させて大腸で放出されるビフィズス菌の活性を維持することを可能にして、ひいては、高い便性改善効果を奏することができる。 A preferable example of the large intestine delivery capsule used in the present invention is to have a capsule containing the above-mentioned bifidobacteria, and to have a chitosan-containing layer and an enteric-coated substrate-containing layer in order from the inside on the outside of the capsule. Examples include colon delivery capsules. In the large intestine delivery capsule, since the capsule containing bifidobacteria is coated with a chitosan-containing layer and an enteric-coated base material-containing layer, the contained bifidobacteria are rapidly eluted in the large intestine without being eluted in the stomach and small intestine. Will be done. In addition, the large intestine delivery capsule can suppress the invasion of water into the capsule in the stomach and small intestine, and can suppress the killing of the contained bifidobacteria. Therefore, the large intestine delivery capsule enables efficient delivery of the active ingredient, viable bifidobacteria, to the large intestine, improves the storage stability of the viable bifidobacteria inside the capsule, and is released in the large intestine. It is possible to maintain the activity of bifidobacteria, and by extension, it is possible to exert a high effect of improving feces.
当該大腸デリバリーカプセルは、ビフィズス菌の生菌を内包するカプセルを有する。該カプセルは、ビフィズス菌を内部に収容し得るものであればよく、例えば、ハードカプセル、ソフトカプセル、シームレスカプセルなどであり得る。このうち、ボディ部とキャップ部とを嵌合してなるハードカプセルが好ましく用いられる。該ハードカプセルは公知の方法によって製造することができる。該ハードカプセルは通常、キトサン及び腸溶性基材を実質的に含んでいない。カプセル内包物の保護強化の観点から、該ハードカプセルにおけるボディ部とキャップ部との嵌合部は、バンドシールによって封止されていてもよい。カプセルのバンドシールによる封止は、公知のバンドシール材を用いて常法に従って行うことができる。 The large intestine delivery capsule has a capsule containing a viable bifidobacteria. The capsule may be any capsule that can contain bifidobacteria inside, and may be, for example, a hard capsule, a soft capsule, a seamless capsule, or the like. Of these, a hard capsule formed by fitting a body portion and a cap portion is preferably used. The hard capsule can be produced by a known method. The hard capsules are usually substantially free of chitosan and enteric substrates. From the viewpoint of enhancing the protection of the capsule inclusion, the fitting portion between the body portion and the cap portion in the hard capsule may be sealed by a band seal. The capsule can be sealed with a band seal according to a conventional method using a known band seal material.
該カプセルの材質としては、カプセル材料として通常使用されているものを用いることができ、例えば、ゼラチン、動物又は植物由来のセルロースを変性させて得られたセルロース誘導体、などが挙げられる。該セルロース誘導体としては、例えば、アルキルセルロース（例えば、メチルセルロース等）、ヒドロキシアルキルセルロース（例えば、ヒドロキシメチルセルロース、ヒドロキシエチルセルロース、ヒドロキシプロピルセルロース等）、ヒドロキシアルキルアルキルセルロース（例えば、ヒドロキシプロピルメチルセルロース（ＨＰＭＣ）、ヒドロキシエチルメチルセルロース、ヒドロキシエチルエチルセルロース等）などが挙げられ、これらはいずれか単独で又は２種以上組み合わせて用いることができる。このうち、ヒドロキシアルキルアルキルセルロースが好ましく、カプセルの強度及び大腸内での溶解容易性の観点からは、ＨＰＭＣがより好ましい。該ゼラチンとしては、特に制限はなく、例えば、牛皮、豚皮、牛骨等に含まれる動物性コラーゲンに由来するゼラチン、魚由来のゼラチンなどが挙げられる。これらの中でも、牛以外の動物由来のゼラチンが、狂牛病感染の恐れがない点で好ましい。 As the material of the capsule, those usually used as a capsule material can be used, and examples thereof include gelatin, a cellulose derivative obtained by modifying cellulose derived from an animal or a plant, and the like. Examples of the cellulose derivative include alkyl cellulose (for example, methyl cellulose, etc.), hydroxyalkyl cellulose (for example, hydroxymethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, etc.), hydroxyalkyl alkyl cellulose (for example, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC), hydroxy). Ethyl methyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl ethyl cellulose, etc.) can be mentioned, and these can be used alone or in combination of two or more. Of these, hydroxyalkylalkylcellulose is preferable, and HPMC is more preferable from the viewpoint of capsule strength and ease of dissolution in the large intestine. The gelatin is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include gelatin derived from animal collagen contained in cowhide, pig skin, cow bone and the like, gelatin derived from fish and the like. Among these, gelatin derived from animals other than cattle is preferable because there is no risk of mad cow disease infection.
ビフィズス菌は、生菌の状態で該カプセルに内包される。あるいは、ビフィズス菌の生菌を該カプセルに内包した後、該カプセル内で増殖させてもよい。該カプセルに内包するビフィズス菌の量は、該カプセルに内包する際の菌の形態、該カプセルのサイズなどに応じて適宜変更すればよく、特に制限されない。例えば、該カプセルに内包するビフィズス菌の形態が乾燥粉末である場合、該カプセルにおける該ビフィズス菌の内包量は、該カプセルの内包物の全量に対して、好ましくは５．０〜９９．５質量％、より好ましくは２０．０〜７５．０質量％であるか、又は、好ましくは１×１０4ｃｆｕ〜１×１０13ｃｆｕ、より好ましくは１×１０6ｃｆｕ〜１×１０11ｃｆｕである。なお「ｃｆｕ」は、コロニー形成単位を表す。ビフィズス菌の内包量が少なすぎると、便性改善効果が低下することがあり、一方、ビフィズス菌の内包量が多すぎても、腸内細菌叢のバランスが崩れることで、やはり充分な便性改善効果が得られない場合がある。 Bifidobacterium is encapsulated in the capsule in a viable state. Alternatively, live bifidobacteria may be encapsulated in the capsule and then grown in the capsule. The amount of bifidobacteria contained in the capsule may be appropriately changed according to the morphology of the bacteria when contained in the capsule, the size of the capsule, and the like, and is not particularly limited. For example, when the form of bifidobacteria contained in the capsule is a dry powder, the amount of bifidobacteria contained in the capsule is preferably 5.0 to 99.5 mass with respect to the total amount of inclusions in the capsule. %, More preferably 20.0 to 75.0% by mass, or preferably 1 × 10 4 cfu to 1 × 10 13 cfu, more preferably 1 × 10 6 cfu to 1 × 10 11 cfu. .. In addition, "cfu" represents a colony forming unit. If the amount of bifidobacteria included is too small, the effect of improving feces may be reduced, while if the amount of bifidobacteria included is too large, the balance of the intestinal flora will be disturbed, resulting in sufficient feces. The improvement effect may not be obtained.
当該カプセルは、さらにショ糖脂肪酸エステルを内包してもよい。該ショ糖脂肪酸エステルとしては、食品添加物として通常使用されているものを特に制限なく用いることができる。該ショ糖脂肪酸エステルのＨＬＢ（親水性−親油性バランス）値が低いほど、即ち親油性が高いほど、消化液に対するビフィズス菌の保護効果に優れる。斯かる観点から、該ショ糖脂肪酸エステルは、好ましくはＨＬＢ０〜１０、より好ましくはＨＬＢ０〜６である。 The capsule may further contain a sucrose fatty acid ester. As the sucrose fatty acid ester, those usually used as food additives can be used without particular limitation. The lower the HLB (hydrophilic-lipophilic balance) value of the sucrose fatty acid ester, that is, the higher the lipophilicity, the better the protective effect of bifidobacteria on digestive juices. From this point of view, the sucrose fatty acid ester is preferably HLB0-10, more preferably HLB0-6.
当該カプセルにおけるショ糖脂肪酸エステルの内包量は、該カプセルの内包物の全量に対して、好ましくは０．５〜２５質量％、より好ましくは０．５〜１５質量％である。ショ糖脂肪酸エステルの内包量が少ない場合、ショ糖脂肪酸エステルを使用する意義に乏しい。一方、該内包量が多量になると、カプセル内包物の量が増えて該大腸デリバリーカプセルの製造効率が低下するか、又はカプセル内包物中のビフィズス菌の量が相対的に減少して充分な便性改善効果が得られない場合がある。 The amount of the sucrose fatty acid ester contained in the capsule is preferably 0.5 to 25% by mass, more preferably 0.5 to 15% by mass, based on the total amount of the inclusions in the capsule. When the amount of sucrose fatty acid ester contained is small, it is not meaningful to use sucrose fatty acid ester. On the other hand, when the amount of inclusions is large, the amount of capsule inclusions increases and the production efficiency of the large intestine delivery capsule decreases, or the amount of bifidobacteria in the capsule inclusions decreases relatively, which is sufficient for stool. The sexual improvement effect may not be obtained.
必要に応じて、当該カプセルに、ビフィズス菌の生菌以外の他の成分を内包することができる。当該他の成分としては、上述したビフィズス菌以外の大腸有用菌；ビフィズス菌又は大腸有用菌の培地；菌の固形化に使用される硬化油脂；菌の粉末化に使用される乳糖、澱粉などの倍散剤；カラギーナン、寒天、ペクチン、アラビアガム、キサンタンガム、プルラン、ジェランガム、アルギン酸塩などの増粘多糖類；微粒酸化ケイ素、微結晶セルロース、鉄塩、ヘミロース、ゼラチン、カゼイン、カゼインナトリウム、カゼインカルシウム、カゼインカリウム、カゼインマグネシウム、乳蛋白、乳蛋白ペプチド類、乳たんぱく消化物、ラクトフェリン、植物油脂、硬化油脂類、糖類、ホエイ、マルトデキストリン、カルメロースナトリウム、α化デンプン、加工デンプンなどの水分活性が低いか又は水分活性を低下させる成分；オリゴ糖、水溶性食物繊維、水不溶性食物繊維などの腸内環境の改善に有用な成分、などが挙げられる。これらの他の成分は、いずれか単独で又は２種以上組み合わせて用いることができる。 If necessary, the capsule may contain components other than live bifidobacteria. Examples of the other components include useful colon bacteria other than the above-mentioned bifidus bacteria; media of bifidus bacteria or useful colon bacteria; hardened fats and oils used for solidifying the bacteria; lactose and starch used for powdering the bacteria. Duplicates; thickening polysaccharides such as carrageenan, agar, pectin, arabic gum, xanthan gum, purulan, gellan gum, alginate; fine silicon oxide, microcrystalline cellulose, iron salts, hemilose, gelatin, casein, sodium caseinate, casein calcium, Water activity of casein potassium, casein magnesium, milk protein, milk protein peptides, milk protein digests, lactoferrin, vegetable fats and oils, hardened fats and oils, sugars, whey, maltodextrin, carmellose sodium, pregelatinized starch, processed starch, etc. Ingredients that are low or reduce water activity; ingredients useful for improving the intestinal environment, such as oligosaccharides, water-soluble dietary fiber, and water-insoluble dietary fiber. These other components can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
当該大腸デリバリーカプセルは、上述したカプセルの外側に、キトサン含有層と、腸溶性基材含有層とを内側から順に有する。すなわち、該大腸デリバリーカプセルにおいては、上述したカプセルが、内側から順にキトサン含有層と腸溶性基材含有層で被覆されている。該両層が内側からこの順で配されて内部のカプセルの崩壊防止機能を維持し得る限りにおいて、該カプセル被覆層の構成は種々の形態を採り得る。例えば、該カプセル被覆層の構成として、１）キトサン含有層が該被覆層の最内層である形態、２）キトサン含有層よりも内側にキトサン含有層及び腸溶性基材含有層以外の他の層（例えば、ゼラチン又はセルロース誘導体を主体とする層）が１層以上存する形態、３）キトサン含有層と腸溶性基材含有層とが他の層を介在させずに積層された形態、４）キトサン含有層と腸溶性基材含有層との間に他の層が一層以上介在する形態、５）腸溶性基材含有層が該被覆層の最外層である形態、６）腸溶性基材含有層よりも外側にキトサン含有層及び腸溶性基材含有層以外の他の層（例えば、ミツロウ、カルナウバロウなどからなる層）が１層以上存する形態、などが含まれ得る。さらに、上記１）〜６）の形態を適宜組み合わせてもよい。 The large intestine delivery capsule has a chitosan-containing layer and an enteric-coated substrate-containing layer in this order from the inside on the outside of the above-mentioned capsule. That is, in the large intestine delivery capsule, the above-mentioned capsules are coated with a chitosan-containing layer and an enteric-coated base material-containing layer in this order from the inside. The composition of the capsule coating layer can take various forms as long as both layers are arranged in this order from the inside to maintain the function of preventing the capsule from collapsing inside. For example, as the composition of the capsule coating layer, 1) a form in which the chitosan-containing layer is the innermost layer of the coating layer, and 2) a layer other than the chitosan-containing layer and the enteric substrate-containing layer inside the chitosan-containing layer. A form in which one or more layers (for example, a layer mainly composed of a gelatin or a cellulose derivative) are present, 3) a form in which a chitosan-containing layer and an enteric substrate-containing layer are laminated without interposing another layer, and 4) chitosan. A form in which one or more other layers are interposed between the containing layer and the enteric substrate-containing layer, 5) a form in which the enteric substrate-containing layer is the outermost layer of the coating layer, and 6) an enteric substrate-containing layer. A form in which one or more layers other than the chitosan-containing layer and the enteric substrate-containing layer (for example, a layer made of honeybee, carnauba wax, etc.) are present on the outer side may be included. Further, the above forms 1) to 6) may be combined as appropriate.
当該キトサン含有層に含まれるキトサンとしては、この種のカプセルに使用されるものを特に制限なく用いることができる。キトサンの脱アセチル化度が６０モル％以上であると、キトサン含有層の形成容易性（キトサン含有層形成用コーティング液の調製の際の酸溶液への溶解性）及び造膜性の点で好ましい。該キトサン含有層におけるキトサンの含有量は、乾燥状態のキトサン含有層の全質量中、好ましくは２５質量％以上、より好ましくは２５〜８５質量％、さらに好ましくは３５〜８０質量％である。 As the chitosan contained in the chitosan-containing layer, those used for this type of capsule can be used without particular limitation. When the degree of deacetylation of chitosan is 60 mol% or more, it is preferable in terms of ease of formation of a chitosan-containing layer (solubility in an acid solution when preparing a coating solution for forming a chitosan-containing layer) and film-forming property. .. The content of chitosan in the chitosan-containing layer is preferably 25% by mass or more, more preferably 25 to 85% by mass, still more preferably 35 to 80% by mass, based on the total mass of the dry chitosan-containing layer.
当該腸溶性基材含有層に含まれる腸溶性基材としては、耐酸性を有し胃で溶解しにくいが小腸では溶解する材料であればよい。該腸溶性基材の例としては、カルボキシメチルエチルセルロース（ＣＭＥＣ）、メタクリル酸コポリマー、ヒプロメロースフタル酸エステル（ＨＰＭＣＰ）、ゼイン（zein）、シェラック（shellac）などが挙げられ、これらはいずれか単独で又は２種以上組み合わせて用いることができる。該腸溶性基材含有層における該腸溶性基材の含有量は、乾燥状態の腸溶性基材含有層の全質量中、好ましくは８０．０質量％以上、さらに好ましくは８０．０〜９９．５質量％、より好ましくは９０．０〜９９．５質量％である。該腸溶性基材含有層は、必要に応じて、該腸溶性基材以外の他の成分、例えば水不溶性の添加剤を含有することができる。該水不溶性の添加剤としては、グリセリン脂肪酸エステル、タルク、炭素数１０以上の有機酸又はその金属塩などが挙げられる。 The enteric substrate contained in the enteric substrate-containing layer may be any material that has acid resistance and is difficult to dissolve in the stomach but dissolves in the small intestine. Examples of the enteric substrate include carboxymethyl ethyl cellulose (CMEC), methacrylic acid copolymer, hypromerose phthalate (HPMCP), zein, shellac, etc., whichever is used alone. It can be used in combination with or in combination of two or more. The content of the enteric substrate in the enteric substrate-containing layer is preferably 80.0% by mass or more, more preferably 80.0 to 99.% Of the total mass of the dry enteric substrate-containing layer. It is 5% by mass, more preferably 90.0 to 99.5% by mass. The enteric substrate-containing layer can contain other components other than the enteric substrate, for example, a water-insoluble additive, if necessary. Examples of the water-insoluble additive include glycerin fatty acid ester, talc, an organic acid having 10 or more carbon atoms, or a metal salt thereof.
上記のキトサン含有層及び腸溶性基材含有層は、それぞれ、常法に従って形成することができる。例えば上述したハードカプセルの外面に、キトサンを含む各種成分を溶媒に溶解させて調製したキトサン含有液を、塗布、噴霧、含浸等の手段によって付着させ、次いで乾燥させることで、該カプセルを被覆するキトサン含有層を形成することができる。腸溶性基材含有層もこれと同様の公知の方法によって形成することができる。 The chitosan-containing layer and the enteric substrate-containing layer can be formed according to a conventional method, respectively. For example, a chitosan-containing solution prepared by dissolving various components including chitosan in a solvent is attached to the outer surface of the above-mentioned hard capsule by means such as coating, spraying, impregnation, etc., and then dried to cover the capsule. An containing layer can be formed. The enteric substrate-containing layer can also be formed by a known method similar to this.
本発明で用いる大腸デリバリーカプセルにおいて、内包するビフィズス菌を消化管内で保護する観点からは、該キトサン含有層の厚さは厚いほど好ましいが、一方で、厚いキトサン含有層は、カプセルの製造時間の長時間化によるビフィズス菌の死滅を招くか、又は残存したキトサン含有層による大腸でのカプセル崩壊の阻害を招き、大腸に送達し得る生きたビフィズス菌の数を低下させるおそれがある。斯かる観点から、該大腸デリバリーカプセルにおけるキトサン含有層は、該キトサン含有層の質量が該キトサン含有層よりも内方に存する部分の質量に対して、好ましくは０．５〜２．０質量％、より好ましくは０．５〜１．３質量％、さらに好ましくは０．８〜１．２質量％となるような厚さを有する。ここでいう「キトサン含有層よりも内方に存する部分」とは、例えば該カプセル被覆層の最内層がキトサン含有層である場合は、カプセル及びカプセル内包物（ビフィズス菌等）であり、また該カプセル被覆層でキトサン含有層の下に他の層が存在する場合は、該他の層とカプセルとカプセル内包物である。 In the large intestine delivery capsule used in the present invention, from the viewpoint of protecting the contained bifidobacteria in the digestive tract, the thicker the chitosan-containing layer is, the more preferable, while the thick chitosan-containing layer is the capsule production time. Prolongation may result in the death of bifidobacteria, or the remaining chitosan-containing layer may inhibit capsule disintegration in the large intestine, reducing the number of live bifidobacteria that can be delivered to the large intestine. From such a viewpoint, the chitosan-containing layer in the colon delivery capsule is preferably 0.5 to 2.0% by mass with respect to the mass of the portion where the mass of the chitosan-containing layer is inward from the chitosan-containing layer. , More preferably 0.5 to 1.3% by mass, still more preferably 0.8 to 1.2% by mass. The "part existing inward of the chitosan-containing layer" here means, for example, a capsule and capsule inclusions (such as Bifizus bacterium) when the innermost layer of the capsule coating layer is a chitosan-containing layer, and the capsule coating layer. When another layer is present under the chitosan-containing layer in the capsule coating layer, it is the other layer, the capsule, and the capsule inclusion.
本発明で用いる大腸デリバリーカプセルにおける腸溶性基材含有層は、該腸溶性基材含有層の質量が該腸溶性基材含有層よりも内方に存する部分の質量に対して、好ましくは０．５〜２．０質量％、より好ましくは０．５〜１．２質量％、さらに好ましくは０．８〜１．１質量％となるような厚さを有する。ここでいう「腸溶性基材含有層よりも内方に存する部分」とは、カプセル、カプセル内包物、及び該カプセル被覆層における該腸溶性基材含有層の下層（例えば、キトサン含有層、及び存在する場合は他の層）である。 The enteric base material-containing layer in the large intestine delivery capsule used in the present invention preferably has a mass of the enteric base material-containing layer inward of the enteric base material-containing layer. It has a thickness of 5 to 2.0% by mass, more preferably 0.5 to 1.2% by mass, and even more preferably 0.8 to 1.1% by mass. The "portion existing inward of the enteric substrate-containing layer" as used herein refers to the capsule, the capsule inclusion, and the lower layer of the enteric substrate-containing layer in the capsule coating layer (for example, the chitosan-containing layer, and the chitosan-containing layer). Other layers if present).
本発明で用いる大腸デリバリーカプセルのサイズ及び形状は、内包物の量などに応じて適宜調整すればよく、特に制限されない。カプセルのサイズとしては、例えば、一般に使用される００号、０号、１号、２号、３号、４号、５号などのサイズが挙げられ、形状としては、長楕円型、フットボール型、球形などが挙げられる。該大腸デリバリーカプセルの製造において、ビフィズス菌等のカプセルへの充填、キトサン含有層及び腸溶性基材含有層によるカプセルの被覆などの各工程については、公知の手順（例えば、特開２０１１−１０５６５４号公報、特開２０１２−１４９０３２号公報、特開２０１４−１２２１８４号公報、特開２０１４−１３９２００号公報に記載の手順）を参考にすることができる。 The size and shape of the large intestine delivery capsule used in the present invention may be appropriately adjusted according to the amount of inclusions and the like, and is not particularly limited. Examples of the size of the capsule include commonly used sizes of No. 00, No. 0, No. 1, No. 2, No. 3, No. 4, No. 5, and the like, and the shape includes an elliptical type, a football type, and the like. Examples include a sphere. In the production of the large intestine delivery capsule, known procedures (for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2011-105654) are used for each step of filling capsules such as bifidobacteria and coating capsules with a chitosan-containing layer and an enteric substrate-containing layer. The procedures described in JP-A-2012-149032, JP-A-2014-122184, and JP-A-2014-139200) can be referred to.
本発明において、該ビフィズス菌の生菌は、便性改善のため、より詳細には軟便傾向にある健常者における軟便の改善のための有効成分として使用される。好ましくは、該ビフィズス菌の生菌は、上述した経口組成物（好ましくは上述した大腸デリバリーカプセル）へと調製され、得られた経口組成物は、該便性改善のために使用される。 In the present invention, the viable bifidobacteria are used as an active ingredient for improving stool properties, and more specifically for improving loose stools in healthy subjects who tend to have loose stools. Preferably, the viable bifidobacteria are prepared into the above-mentioned oral composition (preferably the above-mentioned colon delivery capsule), and the obtained oral composition is used for improving the fecal properties.
本発明において、便性改善のために使用される該ビフィズス菌の用量は、投与対象者である健常者の軟便傾向が改善される量であればよく、投与対象者の種、症状、年齢、性別、及び便性改善剤の剤型などに応じて適宜決定することができる。例えば、上述の大腸デリバリーカプセルを成人（６０ｋｇ）に経口投与する場合の１日用量は、ビフィズス菌の生菌の乾燥質量として、好ましくは０．０１〜１．０ｇ、より好ましくは０．０４〜０．７５ｇ、さらに好ましくは０．０４〜０．５ｇの範囲であるか、もしくは１×１０4ｃｆｕ〜１×１０13ｃｆｕ、より好ましくは１×１０6ｃｆｕ〜１×１０11ｃｆｕであればよく、又は大腸デリバリーカプセルの全質量として、好ましくは０．１５〜１．５ｇ、より好ましくは０．１５〜１．０ｇ、さらに好ましくは０．２〜０．７５ｇの範囲であればよいが、これらに限定されない。投与量が少なすぎると充分量のビフィズス菌が大腸に送達されず、一方、投与量が多すぎると服用が困難になることがある。該１日用量は、１度に投与してもよく、数回に分けて投与してもよい。投与の期間は、限定されないが、例えば１週間以上、好ましくは２週間以上、より好ましくは４週間以上である。 In the present invention, the dose of the bifidobacteria used for improving stools may be an amount that improves the tendency of loose stools of a healthy subject to be administered, and the species, symptom, age, etc. of the subject to be administered. It can be appropriately determined according to the sex, the dosage form of the stool improving agent, and the like. For example, when the above-mentioned colon delivery capsule is orally administered to an adult (60 kg), the daily dose is preferably 0.01 to 1.0 g, more preferably 0.04 to 0.04 to the dry mass of viable bifidobacteria. If it is in the range of 0.75 g, more preferably 0.04 to 0.5 g, or 1 × 10 4 cfu to 1 × 10 13 cfu, more preferably 1 × 10 6 cfu to 1 × 10 11 cfu. Well, or the total mass of the colon delivery capsule, preferably in the range of 0.15 to 1.5 g, more preferably 0.15 to 1.0 g, and even more preferably 0.2 to 0.75 g. Not limited to these. If the dose is too low, a sufficient amount of bifidobacteria will not be delivered to the large intestine, while if the dose is too high, it may be difficult to take. The daily dose may be administered at one time or in several divided doses. The period of administration is not limited, but is, for example, 1 week or longer, preferably 2 weeks or longer, and more preferably 4 weeks or longer.
次に実施例を示して本発明を更に詳細に説明するが、本発明は以下の実施例に限定されるものではない。 Next, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to Examples, but the present invention is not limited to the following Examples.
〔実施例１〕
ビフィズス菌として、生菌のビフィドバクテリウム・ロンガムＡＴＣＣ ＢＡＡ−９９９株の乾燥粉末（森永乳業株式会社製、森永ビフィズス菌末ＢＢ５３６）を用いた。該ビフィズス菌粉末に他の成分を適宜混合してビフィズス菌含有組成物を得、これを１カプセルあたり１×１０9ｃｆｕ以上を含有するように市販のハードカプセル（ヒドロキシプロピルメチルセルロース）に充填した。次いで、該ハードカプセルの外側に所定厚さのキトサン含有層及び腸溶性基材含有層を順次形成して、カプセルの表面をキトサン含有層、腸溶性基材含有層で順次被覆してなるビフィズス菌生菌含有カプセルを製造した。斯かる製造の詳細は下記［１］及び［２］の通り。
[Example 1]
As the bifidobacteria, a dry powder of the live bifidobacteria Longum ATCC BAA-999 strain (Morinaga Milk Industry Co., Ltd., Morinaga Bifidobacterium powder BB536) was used. Other components were appropriately mixed with the bifidobacteria powder to obtain a bifidobacteria-containing composition, which was filled in a commercially available hard capsule (hydroxypropyl methylcellulose) so as to contain 1 × 10 9 cfu or more per capsule. Next, a chitosan-containing layer and an enteric substrate-containing layer having a predetermined thickness are sequentially formed on the outside of the hard capsule, and the surface of the capsule is sequentially coated with the chitosan-containing layer and the enteric substrate-containing layer. Bacterial capsules were produced. Details of such manufacturing are as shown in [1] and [2] below.
［１］ビフィズス菌含有組成物のハードカプセルへの充填
温度２５℃、湿度５０％以下の環境下で、ビフィズス菌を含む複数のカプセル内包成分をそれぞれ所定量混合し攪拌して、ビフィズス菌含有組成物を得た。カプセル充填機（クオリカプス株式会社製、ＬＩＱＦＩＬ ｓｕｐｅｒ ＪＣＦ４０型）に、前記ビフィズス菌含有組成物及びハードカプセルをセットし、常法に従って該ハードカプセル内に該ビフィズス菌含有組成物を２３０ｍｇ充填した。ここで使用したハードカプセルは、ＨＰＭＣカプセル（クオリカプス株式会社製、クオリ−Ｖ（Ｒ）−Ｎ、３号、カプセル質量：５１ｍｇ）であった。前記カプセル内包成分として、ビフィズス菌以外に使用したものは下記の通り。
・ショ糖脂肪酸エステル（三菱化学フーズ製、ＨＬＢ値３．０）
・馬鈴薯澱粉（倍散剤、松谷化学製）
[1] Filling a hard capsule with a bifidobacteria-containing composition In an environment where the temperature is 25 ° C. and the humidity is 50% or less, a predetermined amount of each of a plurality of capsule-containing components containing bifidobacteria is mixed and stirred to form a bifidobacteria-containing composition. Got The bifidobacteria-containing composition and hard capsule were set in a capsule filling machine (LIQFIL super JCF40 type manufactured by Qualicaps Co., Ltd.), and 230 mg of the bifidobacteria-containing composition was filled in the hard capsule according to a conventional method. The hard capsule used here was an HPMC capsule (manufactured by Qualicaps Co., Ltd., Quali-V (R) -N, No. 3, capsule mass: 51 mg). As the capsule-encapsulating component, those used other than bifidobacteria are as follows.
・ Sucrose fatty acid ester (manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Foods, HLB value 3.0)
・ Potato starch (double powder, manufactured by Matsutani Chemical Co., Ltd.)
［２］ハードカプセルのコーティング
前記［１］で得られたビフィズス菌含有組成物を内包するハードカプセルの外面に、下記方法により調製したキトサン含有層形成用コーティング液を塗布・乾燥してキトサン含有層を形成した（キトサン含有層形成工程）。斯かる工程は、フィルムコーティング装置ハイコーターＨＣＦ−１３０Ｎ（フロイント産業株式会社製）を用いて、乾燥温度を一定（６０℃）にして行った。斯かるキトサン含有層において、キトサンの含有量は５０質量％であった。
さらにこのキトサン含有層の表面に、下記方法により調製した腸溶性基材含有層形成用コーティング液を塗布・乾燥して腸溶性基材含有層を形成した（腸溶性基材含有層形成工程）。斯かる工程は、フィルムコーティング装置ハイコーターＨＣＦ−１３０Ｎ（フロイント産業株式会社製）を用いて行った。斯かる腸溶性基材含有層において、腸溶性基材（シェラック）の含有量は９５質量％であった。
さらにこの腸溶性基材含有層の表面に、飽和溶解量のミツロウを溶解させた無水エタノールを、カプセル重量に対して１質量％塗布し乾燥した。
[2] Coating of hard capsule A coating solution for forming a chitosan-containing layer prepared by the following method is applied and dried on the outer surface of the hard capsule containing the bifidobacteria-containing composition obtained in the above [1] to form a chitosan-containing layer. (Chitosan-containing layer forming step). Such a step was carried out by using a film coating apparatus Hicoater HCF-130N (manufactured by Freund Sangyo Co., Ltd.) at a constant drying temperature (60 ° C.). In such a chitosan-containing layer, the chitosan content was 50% by mass.
Further, an enteric substrate-containing layer forming coating solution prepared by the following method was applied and dried on the surface of the chitosan-containing layer to form an enteric substrate-containing layer (enteric substrate-containing layer forming step). Such a step was performed using a film coating apparatus Hicoater HCF-130N (manufactured by Freund Sangyo Co., Ltd.). In such an enteric substrate-containing layer, the content of the enteric substrate (shellac) was 95% by mass.
Further, absolute ethanol in which a saturated dissolved amount of beeswax was dissolved was applied to the surface of the enteric substrate-containing layer in an amount of 1% by mass based on the weight of the capsule and dried.
（キトサン含有層形成用コーティング液の調製）
精製水に酢酸を加えｐＨを約４とした酸性水に、脱アセチル化度が８０モル％以上であるキトサン（甲陽ケミカル株式会社製）を溶解し、グリセリン（ＥｍｅｒｙＯｌｅｏｃｈｅｍｉｃａｌｓ製）、グリセリン脂肪酸エステル（阪本薬品工業製）、酢酸（国産化学製）を添加してキトサン含有層形成用コーティング液を調製した。得られたキトサン含有層形成用コーティング液の組成は、全成分の合計１００質量％として、キトサン２．０質量％、グリセリン１．０質量％、グリセリン脂肪酸エステル１．０質量％、酢酸０．６質量％、残余が水であった。
(Preparation of coating liquid for forming chitosan-containing layer)
Chitosan (manufactured by Koyo Chemical Co., Ltd.) having a deacetylation degree of 80 mol% or more is dissolved in acidic water in which acetic acid is added to purified water to adjust the pH to about 4, and glycerin (manufactured by EmeryOleochemicals) and glycerin fatty acid ester (manufactured by Sakamoto) are dissolved. A coating solution for forming a chitosan-containing layer was prepared by adding (manufactured by Yakuhin Kogyo) and acetic acid (manufactured by domestic chemicals). The composition of the obtained coating liquid for forming a layer containing chitosan was 2.0% by mass of chitosan, 1.0% by mass of glycerin, 1.0% by mass of glycerin fatty acid ester, and 0.6% by mass of acetic acid, with a total of 100% by mass of all the components. The mass was% and the residue was water.
（腸溶性基材含有層形成用コーティング液の調製）
エタノールに、腸溶性基材としてのシェラック（株式会社岐阜セラツク製造所製、脱色セラック）を溶解し、さらに所定量のエタノールと水を添加した後、グリセリン脂肪酸エステルを添加して腸溶性基材含有層形成用コーティング液を調製した。得られた腸溶性基材含有層形成用コーティング液の組成は、全成分の合計１００質量％として、シェラック１０質量％、グリセリン脂肪酸エステル０．５質量％、エタノール７２質量％、残余が水であった。
(Preparation of coating liquid for forming an enteric substrate-containing layer)
Shellac as an enteric base material (manufactured by Gifu Seratsk Manufacturing Co., Ltd., decolorized shellac) is dissolved in ethanol, and after adding a predetermined amount of ethanol and water, glycerin fatty acid ester is added to contain the enteric base material. A coating liquid for layer formation was prepared. The composition of the obtained coating liquid for forming an enteric substrate-containing layer was 10% by mass of shellac, 0.5% by mass of glycerin fatty acid ester, 72% by mass of ethanol, and the remainder was water, with a total of 100% by mass of all the components. It was.
〔比較例１〕
［２］を実施しない以外は実施例１と同様にして、ビフィズス菌生菌含有カプセルを製造した。
[Comparative Example 1]
Capsules containing viable bifidobacteria were produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that [2] was not carried out.
〔比較例２〕
ビフィズス菌に替えて馬鈴薯澱粉を使用した以外は実施例１と同様にして、コーティングされたカプセルを製造した。
[Comparative Example 2]
A coated capsule was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that potato starch was used instead of bifidobacteria.
実施例１及び比較例１、２のカプセルの構成を下記表１に示す。 The configurations of the capsules of Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 are shown in Table 1 below.
〔評価試験１〕
２０歳以上６５歳未満で軟便傾向（試験前２週間のＢＳＳスコア平均値が４より大きく５以下）を有するが、消化管疾患又は消化管障害の診断を受けていない健康な日本人１０名を被験者とした。１０名の被験者を２群に分け（各群５名）並行群間比較試験を行った。実施例１と比較例１のカプセルを、両群にそれぞれ１日１カプセル、毎日水又はぬるま湯とともに経口摂取させた。摂取期間は２週間として、毎日便性を評価し、記録させた。便性は見本を参考にして、ＢＳＳに基づく７段階（１：コロコロ、２：硬い、３：やや硬い、４：普通、５：やや軟らかい、６：泥状、７：水様）で被験者に自己評価させた。試験前２週間、及び２週間の摂取期間中でのＢＳＳスコアの群内平均値、及び試験前と摂取期間中との間でのスコア平均値の変化量を表２に示した。実施例１摂取群では、比較例１摂取群と比較して、摂取期間中のＢＳＳスコアが普通便の値（スコア４）のより近くまで低下しており、実施例１のビフィズス菌生菌含有カプセルの摂取で軟便傾向が改善されたことが示された。比較例１では、ビフィズス菌生菌をコーティングなしのカプセル形態で摂取したために、胃〜小腸において菌が溶出又は死滅してしまい、効果を示さなかったと考えられた。
[Evaluation test 1]
10 healthy Japanese who are between the ages of 20 and 65 and have a tendency to loose stools (mean BSS score greater than 4 and 5 or less in the 2 weeks prior to the study) but have not been diagnosed with gastrointestinal disease or gastrointestinal disorders. The subject was used. Ten subjects were divided into two groups (five in each group) and a parallel group comparison test was conducted. The capsules of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 were orally ingested in both groups with 1 capsule daily, daily with water or lukewarm water. The ingestion period was 2 weeks, and fecal properties were evaluated and recorded daily. With reference to the sample, the feces were given to the subjects in 7 stages based on BSS (1: roller, 2: hard, 3: slightly hard, 4: normal, 5: slightly soft, 6: muddy, 7: watery). I made myself evaluate. Table 2 shows the intra-group mean value of the BSS score during the two weeks before the test and the two-week intake period, and the amount of change in the average score value between before the test and during the intake period. In the example 1 intake group, the BSS score during the intake period was lowered to be closer to the value of normal stool (score 4) as compared with the comparative example 1 intake group, and the bifidobacteria viable bacteria of Example 1 were contained. It was shown that the intake of capsules improved the tendency of loose stools. In Comparative Example 1, since the viable bifidobacteria were ingested in the form of uncoated capsules, the bacteria were eluted or killed in the stomach to the small intestine, and it was considered that no effect was exhibited.
〔評価試験２〕
２０歳以上６５歳未満で軟便傾向（試験前２週間のＢＳＳスコア平均値が４より大きく５以下）を有するが、消化管疾患又は消化管障害の診断を受けていない健康な日本人２６名を被験者とした。２６名の被験者は、層別ランダム化法による割り付けを行い、２群に分けた（各群１３名）。試験はプラセボ対象ランダム化二重盲検並行群間試験とした。実施例１と比較例２のカプセルを、両群にそれぞれ１日１カプセル、毎日水又はぬるま湯とともに経口摂取させた。摂取期間は４週間として、毎日便性を評価し、記録させた。便性は見本を参考にして、ＢＳＳに基づく７段階（１：コロコロ、２：硬い、３：やや硬い、４：普通、５：やや軟らかい、６：泥状、７：水様）で被験者に自己評価させた。また、消化器症状の評価指標であるＧＳＲＳを用いて、試験前２週間、及び摂取期間の後半２週間に便性に関する症状を評価した。すなわち、下記に示すＧＳＲＳの軟便傾向に関連する３つの質問項目（下痢、軟便、便意切迫）について症状をスコア化した。
＜ＧＳＲＳ質問項目＞
１１）下痢：下痢について
１２）軟便：軟らかい便について
１４）便意切迫：急な便意について
（スコア）
１：全然困らなかった、２：あまり困らなかった、３：少し困った、４：中くらいに困った、５：かなり困った、６：大変困った、７：がまんできないくらい困った
[Evaluation test 2]
Twenty-six healthy Japanese who were between the ages of 20 and 65 and had a tendency to loose stools (mean BSS score greater than 4 and 5 or less in the 2 weeks prior to the study) but had not been diagnosed with gastrointestinal disease or gastrointestinal disorders. The subject was used. Twenty-six subjects were assigned by the stratified randomization method and divided into two groups (13 subjects in each group). The study was a placebo-subjected randomized, double-blind, parallel-group study. The capsules of Example 1 and Comparative Example 2 were orally ingested in both groups with 1 capsule daily, daily with water or lukewarm water. The ingestion period was 4 weeks, and fecal properties were evaluated and recorded daily. With reference to the sample, the feces were given to the subjects in 7 stages based on BSS (1: roller, 2: hard, 3: slightly hard, 4: normal, 5: slightly soft, 6: muddy, 7: watery). I made myself evaluate. In addition, using GSRS, which is an evaluation index of gastrointestinal symptoms, symptoms related to feces were evaluated 2 weeks before the test and 2 weeks after the ingestion period. That is, the symptoms were scored for the following three question items (diarrhea, loose stool, and urgency of stool) related to the GSRS loose stool tendency.
<GSRS question items>
11) Diarrhea: About diarrhea 12) Loose stool: About soft stool 14) Imminent urgency: About sudden stool (score)
1: I wasn't in trouble at all 2: I wasn't in much trouble 3: I was in a little trouble 4: I was in trouble in the middle 5: I was in trouble very much, 6: I was in trouble very much, 7: I was in trouble so much that I couldn't stand
試験前２週間、及び摂取期間の後半２週間でのＢＳＳスコア及びＧＳＲＳスコアの群内平均値、及び試験前と摂取期間後半との間での各スコア平均値の変化量を表３に示した。実施例１摂取群では、比較例２摂取群と比較して、摂取期間後半のＢＳＳスコアが普通便の値（スコア４）のより近くまで低下しており、また、ＧＳＲＳの下痢スコア、軟便スコア、便意切迫スコアも改善され、特に軟便スコアに顕著な改善が見られた。これらの結果から、実施例１のビフィズス菌生菌含有カプセルの摂取で軟便傾向が改善されたことが示された。 Table 3 shows the intra-group mean values of BSS scores and GSRS scores during the two weeks before the test and the latter two weeks of the ingestion period, and the changes in the mean values of each score between before the test and the latter half of the ingestion period. .. In the Example 1 intake group, the BSS score in the latter half of the intake period was lower than the value of normal stool (score 4) as compared with the Comparative Example 2 intake group, and the GSRS diarrhea score and loose stool score were also reduced. The urgency score was also improved, and the loose stool score was particularly significantly improved. From these results, it was shown that the ingestion of the capsule containing viable bifidobacteria of Example 1 improved the tendency of loose stools.
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