JP2021014373A - Hydrogen generator - Google Patents

Hydrogen generator Download PDF

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JP2021014373A
JP2021014373A JP2019128172A JP2019128172A JP2021014373A JP 2021014373 A JP2021014373 A JP 2021014373A JP 2019128172 A JP2019128172 A JP 2019128172A JP 2019128172 A JP2019128172 A JP 2019128172A JP 2021014373 A JP2021014373 A JP 2021014373A
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air
flame
inner cylinder
hole
distributor
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吉田 豊
Yutaka Yoshida
豊 吉田
田口 清
Kiyoshi Taguchi
清 田口
繁 飯山
Shigeru Iiyama
繁 飯山
憲有 武田
Kenyu Takeda
憲有 武田
康章 嶋田
Yasuaki Shimada
康章 嶋田
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Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co Ltd
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Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co Ltd
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Priority to JP2019128172A priority Critical patent/JP2021014373A/en
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50Fuel cells

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  • Pre-Mixing And Non-Premixing Gas Burner (AREA)
  • Hydrogen, Water And Hydrids (AREA)
  • Fuel Cell (AREA)

Abstract

To provide a hydrogen generator where, even if the air jetted from the air jet holes of a flame hole board to a flame formation chamber is made into a swirling flow, the flame of a burner is not formed in the vicinity of a distributor.SOLUTION: Though a plurality of opening holes 55 making the air jetted from side face part air jet holes 37 and an upper face part air jet hole 38 in a flame hole board 36 into a flame formation chamber 52 into a swirling flow are arranged in the circumferential direction of the side walls of an air inner cylinder 54, since the upper face part air jet hole 38 is provided at a position higher in the height direction than the opening holes 55 of the air inner cylinder 54, the swirling force of the air in the vicinity of a distributor 26 is weakened, and the formation of flame in the vicinity of the distributor 26 at a degree of burning the distributor 26 can be suppressed. Thus, the burning of the distributor 26 is suppressed to elongate the service life of a hydrogen generator 1.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

本発明は、バーナで触媒を加熱して炭化水素系の原料から水素含有ガスを生成する水素生成装置に関するものである。 The present invention relates to a hydrogen generator that heats a catalyst with a burner to generate a hydrogen-containing gas from a hydrocarbon-based raw material.

近年、小型装置でも高効率な発電を可能とする燃料電池発電システムは、分散型エネルギー供給源の発電システムとして、開発が進められている。しかしながら、発電時の燃料となる水素ガス又は水素含有ガスは、未だ一般的なインフラとして整備されていない。 In recent years, a fuel cell power generation system that enables highly efficient power generation even with a small device has been developed as a power generation system for a distributed energy supply source. However, hydrogen gas or hydrogen-containing gas, which is used as fuel for power generation, has not yet been developed as a general infrastructure.

そこで、例えば、都市ガス、プロパンガス等の既存の化石原料インフラから供給される原料を利用して、それらの原料と水蒸気(水)との改質反応により水素含有ガスを生成させる水素生成装置が、燃料電池発電システムに併設されている。 Therefore, for example, a hydrogen generator that uses raw materials supplied from existing fossil raw material infrastructure such as city gas and propane gas to generate hydrogen-containing gas by a reforming reaction between those raw materials and steam (water). , Attached to the fuel cell power generation system.

一般的に、この種の水素生成装置は、原料と水とを改質反応させて、水素含有ガスを生成させる改質器を備えている。そして、改質器により生成した水素含有ガスには、燃料電池の触媒を被毒する一酸化炭素が含まれているため、シフト反応で水素含有ガス中の一酸化炭素の濃度を低減させるCO低減器、およびCO選択酸化反応で残りの一酸化炭素を酸化させて除去するCO除去器を、改質器の後段に設ける構成が採られることが多い。 Generally, this type of hydrogen generator is equipped with a reformer that reforms a raw material and water to generate a hydrogen-containing gas. Since the hydrogen-containing gas generated by the reformer contains carbon monoxide that poisons the catalyst of the fuel cell, CO reduction reduces the concentration of carbon monoxide in the hydrogen-containing gas by the shift reaction. In many cases, a device and a CO remover that oxidizes and removes the remaining carbon monoxide by a CO selective oxidation reaction are provided after the reformer.

それらの反応器には、各反応に適した触媒、例えば、改質器にはRuやNiを含んだ改質触媒、CO低減器にはCu−Znを含んだ変成触媒、CO除去器にはRuを含んだ選択酸化触媒等が用いられている。また、各触媒には反応に適した設計温度があり、改質触媒は650℃程度、変成触媒は250℃程度、選択酸化触媒は150℃程度で使用されることが多い。 The reactors include catalysts suitable for each reaction, for example, the reformer contains a reforming catalyst containing Ru and Ni, the CO reducer contains a transformation catalyst containing Cu-Zn, and the CO remover contains a transformation catalyst. A selective oxidation catalyst containing Ru or the like is used. Further, each catalyst has a design temperature suitable for the reaction, and the reforming catalyst is often used at about 650 ° C, the metamorphic catalyst at about 250 ° C, and the selective oxidation catalyst at about 150 ° C.

水素生成装置には、燃料を燃焼させて、その燃焼熱で各触媒を所定の温度にまで昇温させるためのバーナが用いられることが多い(例えば、特許文献1参照)
図2は、特許文献1に開示された従来の水素生成装置のバーナの概略構成を示す縦断面図である。
A burner for burning fuel and raising each catalyst to a predetermined temperature by the heat of combustion is often used in the hydrogen generator (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
FIG. 2 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a schematic configuration of a burner of a conventional hydrogen generating apparatus disclosed in Patent Document 1.

図2に示すように、従来の水素生成装置のバーナ61は、炎形成室62と、炎形成室62へ空気を噴出するための複数の空気噴出孔63を設けた有底カップ状で下方に開口した炎孔板64と、炎形成室62へ燃料を噴出するディストリビューター65と、炎孔板64へ空気を供給する空気流路を形成するバーナ筒66と、ディストリビューター65に燃料を供給する燃料パイプ68と、炎孔板64の空気噴出孔63から炎形成室62へ噴出される空気を旋回流にする旋回流形成板67と、を備えている。 As shown in FIG. 2, the burner 61 of the conventional hydrogen generator has a bottomed cup shape provided with a flame forming chamber 62 and a plurality of air ejection holes 63 for ejecting air into the flame forming chamber 62, and downward. Fuel is supplied to the opened flame hole plate 64, the distributor 65 that ejects fuel to the flame forming chamber 62, the burner cylinder 66 that forms the air flow path for supplying air to the flame hole plate 64, and the distributor 65. It includes a fuel pipe 68 and a swirling flow forming plate 67 that swirls the air ejected from the air ejection hole 63 of the flame hole plate 64 into the flame forming chamber 62.

旋回流形成板67は炎孔板64よりも空気の上流部に設けられた円板であって、円板の中心から同心円上に複数の空気の流れを円周方向に傾斜させるように案内するガイドを有する孔69が設けられている。これにより、燃焼排ガスが、燃焼排ガス流路を構成する筒の内周面に沿って旋回しながら燃焼排ガス流路を流れることになって、周方向に均一な加熱を行うことが開示されている。 The swirl flow forming plate 67 is a disk provided in the upstream portion of the air from the flame hole plate 64, and guides a plurality of air flows in a circumferential direction on a concentric circle from the center of the disk. A hole 69 with a guide is provided. As a result, it is disclosed that the combustion exhaust gas flows through the combustion exhaust gas flow path while swirling along the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder constituting the combustion exhaust gas flow path, and uniformly heats in the circumferential direction. ..

炎形成室62へ噴出される空気を旋回流とするとき、旋回流の中心部が負圧となることにより、空気は旋回流の中心に偏って流れ、空気と燃料の混合気もバーナ61の中心部に偏って流れることで、火炎は円錐状の形状に形成される特性がある。 When the air ejected to the flame forming chamber 62 is used as a swirling flow, the central portion of the swirling flow becomes a negative pressure, so that the air flows unevenly toward the center of the swirling flow, and the air-fuel mixture is also the burner 61. The flame has the characteristic of being formed in a conical shape by flowing unevenly toward the center.

また、一般に、水素生成装置のバーナ61に特有な設計要素は、燃焼速度が大きく異なる燃料である、炭化水素系の原料と、水素生成装置で生成された水素含有ガスを用いて発電する燃料電池から排出されるアノードオフガスの代表的な成分である水素とを、いずれも安定燃焼させることである。 Further, in general, a design element peculiar to the burner 61 of a hydrogen generator is a fuel cell that generates power by using a hydrocarbon-based raw material, which is a fuel having a significantly different combustion speed, and a hydrogen-containing gas generated by the hydrogen generator. Hydrogen, which is a typical component of the anode off-gas discharged from the fuel cell, is stably combusted.

燃焼速度の差は、具体的には、原料に用いられる都市ガスの燃焼速度が36cm/sであるのに対し、水素の燃焼速度は320cm/sであり、水素の燃焼速度は都市ガスの燃焼速度のおよそ9倍に達する。水素生成装置に搭載されるバーナ61では、有底カップ状の炎孔板64の側面部と底部の両方に空気噴出孔63を設けることによって、原料を燃焼する時も水素を燃焼する時も、燃料と空気との混合が十分な良好な燃焼性能を確保できるようにしている。 Specifically, the difference in combustion rate is that the combustion rate of city gas used as a raw material is 36 cm / s, while the combustion rate of hydrogen is 320 cm / s, and the combustion rate of hydrogen is the combustion of city gas. It reaches about 9 times the speed. In the burner 61 mounted on the hydrogen generator, by providing the air ejection holes 63 on both the side surface portion and the bottom portion of the bottomed cup-shaped flame hole plate 64, both when burning the raw material and when burning hydrogen, The mixture of fuel and air ensures sufficient and good combustion performance.

特開2016−118353号公報Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2016-118353

しかしながら従来のバーナ61では、旋回流形成板67で空気噴出孔63から炎形成室62へ噴出される空気を旋回流にすると、円錐状の火炎が形成され、特に燃焼速度の速いオフガスを燃焼させたときに、燃焼火炎が中心付近で形成されることで、火炎からの加熱によりディストリビューター65が高温化し易く、ディストリビューター65が焼損して壊れる可能性があるという課題があった。 However, in the conventional burner 61, when the air ejected from the air ejection hole 63 to the flame forming chamber 62 by the swirling flow forming plate 67 is made into a swirling flow, a conical flame is formed, and particularly fast off-gas is burned. At that time, since the combustion flame is formed near the center, there is a problem that the distributor 65 tends to be heated to a high temperature by heating from the flame, and the distributor 65 may be burnt and broken.

本発明は、従来の課題を解決するもので、炎孔板の空気噴出孔から炎形成室へ噴出される空気を旋回流にしても、ディストリビューターが焼損し難い水素生成装置を提供することを目的とする。 The present invention solves the conventional problems, and provides a hydrogen generator that is hard for a distributor to burn even if the air ejected from the air ejection hole of the flame hole plate to the flame forming chamber is swirled. The purpose.

従来の課題を解決するために、本発明の水素生成装置は、燃料ガスを略水平に放射状に噴出する複数のガス噴出孔が円周方向に並んだ有底筒状のディストリビューターと、ディストリビューターに燃料ガスを供給する燃料供給部と、ディストリビューターのガス噴出孔が並んだ部分を囲むように配置されて下向きの炎を形成する炎形成室を形成する有底カップ状で下方が開口した部材であって、炎形成室の外側から炎形成室へ燃焼用の空気を噴出する複数の空気噴出孔が円周方向と高さ方向に並んだ炎孔板と、炎孔板の上面及び外周面との間に炎孔板へ空気を供給する空気流路が形成されるように炎孔板を囲む有底筒状で下方が開口した部材であって、炎孔板の空気噴出孔から炎形成室へ噴出される空気を旋回流にする複数の開口孔が側壁の円周方向に並んだ空気内筒と、空気内筒の側壁の外周面との間に空気内筒へ空気を供給する空気流路が形成されるように空気内筒を囲む燃焼空気筒と、燃焼空気筒の内周面と空気内筒の外周面とで形成される空間に空気を供給する空気供給部と、を備えたバーナを有し、開口孔は、円周方向に傾斜して設けられた傾斜孔、または、空気の流れを円周方向に傾斜させるように案内するガイドを有する孔で構成され、円周方向と高さ方向に並んだ複数の空気噴出孔のうちの比較的高い位置の空気噴出孔は、空気内筒の開口孔よりも高さ方向の高い位置にある構成としたものである。 In order to solve the conventional problems, the hydrogen generator of the present invention includes a bottomed tubular distributor in which a plurality of gas ejection holes for ejecting fuel gas radially and substantially horizontally are arranged in the circumferential direction, and a distributor. A bottomed cup-shaped member with an open bottom that forms a flame forming chamber that forms a downward flame by being arranged so as to surround the portion where the gas ejection holes of the distributor are lined up with the fuel supply unit that supplies the fuel gas to the air. A flame hole plate in which a plurality of air ejection holes for ejecting combustion air from the outside of the flame forming chamber to the flame forming chamber are arranged in the circumferential direction and the height direction, and the upper surface and the outer peripheral surface of the flame hole plate. It is a bottomed tubular member that surrounds the flame hole plate and has an opening at the bottom so that an air flow path for supplying air to the flame hole plate is formed between the two, and flame is formed from the air ejection hole of the flame hole plate. Air that supplies air to the air inner cylinder between the air inner cylinder in which a plurality of opening holes that swirl the air ejected into the chamber are arranged in the circumferential direction of the side wall and the outer peripheral surface of the side wall of the air inner cylinder. It is provided with a combustion air cylinder that surrounds the air inner cylinder so that a flow path is formed, and an air supply unit that supplies air to the space formed by the inner peripheral surface of the combustion air cylinder and the outer peripheral surface of the air inner cylinder. The opening hole is composed of an inclined hole provided so as to be inclined in the circumferential direction, or a hole having a guide for guiding the air flow so as to be inclined in the circumferential direction. Of the plurality of air ejection holes arranged in the height direction, the air ejection hole at a relatively high position is configured to be located at a higher position in the height direction than the opening hole of the air inner cylinder.

これによって、空気内筒の開口孔よりも高さ方向の高い位置に設けられた空気噴出孔から噴出される空気は他の空気噴出孔から噴出される空気よりも旋回力が弱いため、炎形成室内における開口孔よりも上部では、空気が中心に寄り難くなり、その結果、燃料ガスと空気との混合気も中心部から離れて、炎はディストリビューターの近傍で形成されなくなるので、ディストリビューターが焼損し難くなる。 As a result, the air ejected from the air ejection hole provided at a position higher in the height direction than the opening hole of the air inner cylinder has a weaker turning force than the air ejected from the other air ejection holes, so that the flame is formed. Above the opening in the room, the air is less likely to be centered, and as a result, the mixture of fuel gas and air is also away from the center, and flames are no longer formed near the distributor, thus causing the distributor. It becomes difficult to burn out.

本発明の水素生成装置は、炎孔板の空気噴出孔から炎形成室へ噴出される空気を旋回流にしても、バーナの炎がディストリビューターの近傍で形成されないようにしたので、ディストリビューターが焼損し難くなり、水素生成装置のバーナの耐久性を向上させることができる。 In the hydrogen generating apparatus of the present invention, even if the air ejected from the air ejection hole of the flame hole plate to the flame forming chamber is swirled, the flame of the burner is prevented from being formed in the vicinity of the distributor. It is less likely to burn out, and the durability of the burner of the hydrogen generator can be improved.

本発明の実施の形態1における水素生成装置の概略構成を示す縦断面図A vertical sectional view showing a schematic configuration of a hydrogen generating apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention. 従来の水素生成装置のバーナの概略構成を示す縦断面図A vertical sectional view showing a schematic configuration of a burner of a conventional hydrogen generator.

第1の発明は、燃料ガスを略水平に放射状に噴出する複数のガス噴出孔が円周方向に並んだ有底筒状のディストリビューターと、ディストリビューターに燃料ガスを供給する燃料供給部と、ディストリビューターのガス噴出孔が並んだ部分を囲むように配置されて下向きの炎を形成する炎形成室を形成する有底カップ状で下方が開口した部材であって、炎形成室の外側から炎形成室へ燃焼用の空気を噴出する複数の空気噴出孔が円周方向と高さ方向に並んだ炎孔板と、炎孔板の上面及び外周面との間に炎孔板へ空気を供給する空気流路が形成されるように炎孔板を囲む有底筒状で下方が開口した部材であって、炎孔板の空気噴出孔から炎形成室へ噴出される空気を旋回流にする複数の開口孔が側壁の円周方向に並んだ空気内筒と、空気内筒の側壁の外周面との間に空気内筒へ空気を供給する空気流路が形成されるように空気内筒を囲む燃焼空気筒と、燃焼空気筒の内周面と空気内筒の外周面とで形成される空間に空気を供給する空気供給部と、を備えたバーナを有する水素生成装置であって、開口孔は、円周方向に傾斜して設けられた傾斜孔、または、空気の流れを円周方向に傾斜させるように案内するガイドを有する孔で構成され、円周方向と高さ方向に並んだ複数の空気噴出孔のうちの比較的高い位置の空気噴出孔は、空気内筒の開口孔よりも高さ方向の高い位置にあることを特徴とする。 The first invention comprises a bottomed tubular distributor in which a plurality of gas ejection holes for ejecting fuel gas in a substantially horizontal radial manner are arranged in the circumferential direction, a fuel supply unit for supplying fuel gas to the distributor, and the like. It is a bottomed cup-shaped member with an open bottom that forms a flame forming chamber that forms a downward flame by being arranged so as to surround the portion where the gas ejection holes of the distributor are lined up, and the flame is formed from the outside of the flame forming chamber. Air is supplied to the flame hole plate between the flame hole plate in which a plurality of air ejection holes for ejecting combustion air into the formation chamber are arranged in the circumferential direction and the height direction, and the upper surface and the outer peripheral surface of the flame hole plate. It is a bottomed tubular member that surrounds the flame hole plate and has an opening at the bottom so that the air flow path is formed, and makes the air ejected from the air ejection hole of the flame hole plate into the flame forming chamber a swirling flow. An air inner cylinder is formed so that an air flow path for supplying air to the air inner cylinder is formed between an air inner cylinder in which a plurality of opening holes are arranged in the circumferential direction of the side wall and an outer peripheral surface of the side wall of the air inner cylinder. A hydrogen generator having a burner provided with a combustion air cylinder surrounding the combustion air cylinder and an air supply unit for supplying air to a space formed by an inner peripheral surface of the combustion air cylinder and an outer peripheral surface of the air inner cylinder. The opening hole is composed of an inclined hole provided so as to be inclined in the circumferential direction or a hole having a guide for guiding the air flow so as to be inclined in the circumferential direction, and is arranged in the circumferential direction and the height direction. However, the air ejection hole at a relatively high position among the plurality of air ejection holes is characterized in that it is located at a higher position in the height direction than the opening hole of the air inner cylinder.

これによって、空気内筒の開口孔よりも高さ方向の高い位置に設けられた空気噴出孔から噴出される空気は他の空気噴出孔から噴出される空気よりも旋回力が弱いため、炎形成室内における開口孔よりも上部では、空気が中心に寄り難くなり、その結果、燃料ガスと空気との混合気も中心部から離れて、炎はディストリビューターの近傍で形成されなくなるので、ディストリビューターが焼損し難くなり、水素生成装置のバーナの耐久性を向上させることができる。 As a result, the air ejected from the air ejection hole provided at a position higher in the height direction than the opening hole of the air inner cylinder has a weaker turning force than the air ejected from the other air ejection holes, so that the flame is formed. Above the opening in the room, the air is less likely to be centered, and as a result, the mixture of fuel gas and air is also away from the center, and flames are no longer formed near the distributor, thus causing the distributor to It is less likely to burn out, and the durability of the burner of the hydrogen generator can be improved.

第2の発明は、特に第1の発明において、空気内筒の開口孔よりも高さ方向の高い位置にある空気噴出孔は、炎形成室の天井面を構成する部分に設けられ、下向きに空気を噴出することを特徴とする。 The second invention, particularly in the first invention, is that the air ejection hole at a position higher in the height direction than the opening hole of the air inner cylinder is provided in a portion constituting the ceiling surface of the flame forming chamber and downward. It is characterized by ejecting air.

これによって、ディストリビューターのガス噴出孔よりも上部では、空気が中心に寄り難く、燃料と空気との混合気も中心部から離れ、炎はディストリビューターの近傍で形成されなくなる。また、炎形成室の天井面を構成する部分から下向きに噴出される空気が、燃料と空気との混合気をディストリビューターのガス噴出孔よりも下方に誘導するので、第1の発明よりも、より確実に、ディストリビューターの焼損を回避することができる。 As a result, above the gas ejection hole of the distributor, the air is less likely to move to the center, the air-fuel mixture is also separated from the center, and the flame is not formed in the vicinity of the distributor. Further, since the air ejected downward from the portion constituting the ceiling surface of the flame forming chamber guides the air-fuel mixture of the fuel and the air below the gas ejection hole of the distributor, the first invention is more than the first invention. It is possible to more reliably avoid burning of the distributor.

以下、本発明の実施の形態について、図面を参照しながら説明する。なお、本発明の実施の形態によって本発明が限定されるものではない。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The present invention is not limited to the embodiments of the present invention.

(実施の形態1)
図1は、本発明の実施の形態1における水素生成装置の概略構成図を示すものである。
(Embodiment 1)
FIG. 1 shows a schematic configuration diagram of a hydrogen generating apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

図1に示すように、本実施の形態の水素生成装置1は、軸方向が略鉛直方向になるように配置される略円筒形の内筒30、内筒30の下側の開口部を塞ぐ内筒底部33、内筒30に囲まれるように内筒30の中心軸上に配置され内筒30の内周面を加熱するバーナ19、内筒30の外周面との間にガス流路が形成されるように内筒30の外側に配置される中筒31、内筒30と中筒31との間のガス流路における上部に水を供給するように構成された水供給部28、内筒30と中筒31との間のガス流路における上部に炭化水素系の原料(都市ガス)を供給するように構成された原料供給部29、内筒30と中筒31との間のガス流路に構成され水供給部28から供給された水を内筒30からの熱により蒸発させる蒸発器5、蒸発器5の下方で内筒30と中筒31との間のガス流路に形成される改質器10、改質器10に充填され原料と水蒸気との混合ガスを水蒸気改質反応によって水素リッチな水素含有ガスに変える改質触媒11、中筒31の外周面との間に改質器10から流出した水素含有ガスが中筒31の外周面に沿って中筒31の下端から上方に流れるガス流路が形成されるように中筒31の外側に配置される略有底円筒形の外筒32、中筒31と外筒32との間のガス流路に構成されるCO低減器13、CO低減器13に充填されシフト反応により水素含有ガスに含まれるCOの濃度を低減する変成触媒14、CO低減器13の上方で中筒31と外筒32との間のガス流路に構成されるCO除去器15、CO除去器15に充填され選択酸化反応によりCO低減器13から流出した水素含有ガスからCOを除去する選択酸化触媒16、CO除去器15から流出した水素含有ガスを中筒31と外筒32との間のガス流路におけるCO除去器15よりも上部から排出するための出口配管17で構成されている。 As shown in FIG. 1, the hydrogen generating apparatus 1 of the present embodiment closes the substantially cylindrical inner cylinder 30 arranged so that the axial direction is substantially vertical, and the opening on the lower side of the inner cylinder 30. A gas flow path is provided between the inner cylinder bottom 33, the burner 19 arranged on the central axis of the inner cylinder 30 so as to be surrounded by the inner cylinder 30 and heating the inner peripheral surface of the inner cylinder 30, and the outer peripheral surface of the inner cylinder 30. An inner cylinder 31 arranged outside the inner cylinder 30 so as to be formed, and an inner water supply unit 28 configured to supply water to the upper part in the gas flow path between the inner cylinder 30 and the inner cylinder 31. A raw material supply unit 29 configured to supply a hydrocarbon-based raw material (city gas) to the upper part of the gas flow path between the cylinder 30 and the middle cylinder 31, and a gas between the inner cylinder 30 and the middle cylinder 31. The evaporator 5 is formed in a flow path and evaporates the water supplied from the water supply unit 28 by the heat from the inner cylinder 30, and is formed in the gas flow path between the inner cylinder 30 and the middle cylinder 31 below the evaporator 5. Between the reformer 10 and the reforming catalyst 11 which is filled in the reformer 10 and changes the mixed gas of the raw material and steam into a hydrogen-rich hydrogen-containing gas by a steam reforming reaction, and the outer peripheral surface of the inner cylinder 31. The hydrogen-containing gas flowing out of the reformer 10 is arranged outside the inner cylinder 31 so as to form a gas flow path that flows upward from the lower end of the inner cylinder 31 along the outer peripheral surface of the inner cylinder 31. The concentration of CO contained in the hydrogen-containing gas by filling the CO reducer 13 and the CO reducer 13 formed in the gas flow path between the cylindrical outer cylinder 32, the inner cylinder 31 and the outer cylinder 32 and the shift reaction is performed. The CO remover 15 and the CO remover 15 formed in the gas flow path between the inner cylinder 31 and the outer cylinder 32 above the reforming catalyst 14 and the CO reducer 13 to be reduced are filled with the CO remover 15 by a selective oxidation reaction. The selective oxidation catalyst 16 that removes CO from the hydrogen-containing gas flowing out from 13, and the hydrogen-containing gas flowing out from the CO remover 15 are above the CO remover 15 in the gas flow path between the inner cylinder 31 and the outer cylinder 32. It is composed of an outlet pipe 17 for discharging from.

バーナ19は、燃料ガスを略水平に放射状に噴出する複数のガス噴出孔27が円周方向に並んだ有底円筒状のディストリビューター26と、ディストリビューター26にガス管を介して燃料ガスを供給する燃料供給部25と、ディストリビューター26のガス噴出孔27が並んだ部分を囲むように配置されて下向きの炎を形成する炎形成室52を形成する有底カップ状で下方が開口した部材であって、炎形成室52の外側から炎形成室52へ燃焼用の空気を噴出する複数の側面部空気噴出孔37及び上面部空気噴出孔38が円周方向と高さ方向に並んだ炎孔板36と、炎孔板36の上面及び外周面との間に炎孔板36へ燃焼用の空気を供給する空気流路が形成されるように炎孔板36を囲む有底円筒状で下方が開口した部材であって、炎孔板36の側面部空気噴出孔37及び上面部空気噴出孔38から炎形成室52へ噴出される燃焼用の空気を旋回流にする複数の開口孔55が側壁の円周方向に並んだ空気内筒54と、空気内筒54の側壁の外周面との間に空気内筒54へ燃焼用の空気を供給する空気流路が形成されるように空気内筒54を囲む有底円筒状で下方が開口した燃焼空気筒20と、燃焼空気筒20と内径と外径が同じで燃焼により発生した燃焼排ガスが内筒30の近傍を内筒30の内周面に沿って上昇して内筒30を介して改質器10及び蒸発器5と熱交換するように燃焼空気筒20の下端に継ぎ足される燃焼筒21と、燃焼空気筒20と空気内筒54とで形成される空間(空気室51)に空気管を介して燃焼用の空気を供給する空気供給部35と、を備える。 The burner 19 supplies fuel gas to a bottomed cylindrical distributor 26 in which a plurality of gas ejection holes 27 that eject fuel gas substantially horizontally and radially are arranged in the circumferential direction, and to the distributor 26 via a gas pipe. A bottomed cup-shaped member with an open bottom that forms a flame forming chamber 52 that forms a downward flame by being arranged so as to surround the portion where the gas ejection holes 27 of the distributor 26 and the fuel supply unit 25 are arranged. Therefore, a plurality of side air ejection holes 37 and upper surface air ejection holes 38 for ejecting combustion air from the outside of the flame forming chamber 52 to the flame forming chamber 52 are arranged in the circumferential direction and the height direction. A bottomed cylindrical shape that surrounds the flame hole plate 36 so that an air flow path for supplying combustion air to the flame hole plate 36 is formed between the plate 36 and the upper surface and the outer peripheral surface of the flame hole plate 36. Is an open member, and there are a plurality of opening holes 55 that swirl the combustion air ejected from the side air ejection holes 37 and the upper surface air ejection holes 38 of the flame hole plate 36 to the flame forming chamber 52. In the air so that an air flow path for supplying combustion air to the air inner cylinder 54 is formed between the air inner cylinders 54 arranged in the circumferential direction of the side wall and the outer peripheral surface of the side wall of the air inner cylinder 54. The combustion air cylinder 20 which is a bottomed cylindrical shape surrounding the cylinder 54 and has an opening at the bottom, and the combustion exhaust gas generated by combustion having the same inner diameter and outer diameter as the combustion air cylinder 20 and the inner circumference of the inner cylinder 30. A combustion cylinder 21 that rises along the surface and is added to the lower end of the combustion air cylinder 20 so as to exchange heat with the reformer 10 and the evaporator 5 via the inner cylinder 30, a combustion air cylinder 20, and an air inner cylinder 54. An air supply unit 35 for supplying combustion air to the space (air chamber 51) formed by the above is provided through an air pipe.

ディストリビューター26の中心軸と、炎孔板36の中心軸と、空気内筒54の中心軸と、燃焼空気筒20の中心軸と、燃焼筒21の中心軸と、内筒30の中心軸と、中筒31の中心軸と、外筒32の中心軸とは、同一線上に位置する。 The central axis of the distributor 26, the central axis of the flame hole plate 36, the central axis of the air inner cylinder 54, the central axis of the combustion air cylinder 20, the central axis of the combustion cylinder 21, and the central axis of the inner cylinder 30. , The central axis of the inner cylinder 31 and the central axis of the outer cylinder 32 are located on the same line.

炎孔板36の内径はディストリビューター26の外径よりも大きく、燃焼空気筒20の内径は空気内筒54の外径よりも大きく、内筒30の内径は、燃焼空気筒20及び燃焼筒21の外径よりも大きく、中筒31の内径は内筒30の外径よりも大きく、外筒32の内径は中筒31の外径よりも大きい。 The inner diameter of the flame hole plate 36 is larger than the outer diameter of the distributor 26, the inner diameter of the combustion air cylinder 20 is larger than the outer diameter of the air inner cylinder 54, and the inner diameter of the inner cylinder 30 is the combustion air cylinder 20 and the combustion cylinder 21. The inner diameter of the inner cylinder 31 is larger than the outer diameter of the inner cylinder 30, and the inner diameter of the outer cylinder 32 is larger than the outer diameter of the inner cylinder 31.

有底カップ状で下方が開口した炎孔板36の下端部には、ハット型の帽子のつばに相当
する周縁部が一体に設けられている。炎孔板36の周縁部の先端は、燃焼空気筒20の下端部及び燃焼筒21の上端部とそれぞれ接合されている。また、炎孔板36は、空気室51と炎形成室52とを仕切っている。空気内筒54の下端部は、炎孔板36の周縁部と接合されている。
A peripheral portion corresponding to the brim of a hat-shaped hat is integrally provided at the lower end of the flame hole plate 36 which is shaped like a bottomed cup and has an opening at the bottom. The tip of the peripheral edge of the flame hole plate 36 is joined to the lower end of the combustion air cylinder 20 and the upper end of the combustion cylinder 21, respectively. The flame hole plate 36 separates the air chamber 51 and the flame forming chamber 52. The lower end of the air inner cylinder 54 is joined to the peripheral edge of the flame hole plate 36.

炎孔板36の上面部(天井面)はディストリビューター26のガス噴出孔27よりも上方に位置する。また、空気内筒54の上面部(天井面)は炎孔板36の上面部よりも上方に位置する。また、燃焼空気筒20の上面部(天井面)は空気内筒54の上面部よりも上方に位置する。 The upper surface (ceiling surface) of the flame hole plate 36 is located above the gas ejection hole 27 of the distributor 26. Further, the upper surface portion (ceiling surface) of the air inner cylinder 54 is located above the upper surface portion of the flame hole plate 36. Further, the upper surface portion (ceiling surface) of the combustion air cylinder 20 is located above the upper surface portion of the air inner cylinder 54.

外筒32の上端部は、中筒31の上端部よりも下方に位置するとともに、中筒31の外周面に接合されている。中筒31の上端部は、内筒30の上端部よりも下方に位置するとともに、内筒30の外周面に接合されている。 The upper end of the outer cylinder 32 is located below the upper end of the inner cylinder 31 and is joined to the outer peripheral surface of the inner cylinder 31. The upper end of the middle cylinder 31 is located below the upper end of the inner cylinder 30 and is joined to the outer peripheral surface of the inner cylinder 30.

燃焼筒21の下端部は、炎形成室52での燃焼で発生して燃焼筒21の内周面に沿って下降した燃焼排ガスが燃焼筒21の外側に出て燃焼排ガス流路22を上昇に流入するように、内筒底部33との間に所定の隙間を設けている。 At the lower end of the combustion cylinder 21, the combustion exhaust gas generated by combustion in the flame forming chamber 52 and descending along the inner peripheral surface of the combustion cylinder 21 goes out to the outside of the combustion cylinder 21 and raises the combustion exhaust gas flow path 22. A predetermined gap is provided between the inner cylinder bottom portion 33 and the inner cylinder bottom portion 33 so as to flow in.

中筒31の下端部は、改質器10から流出し中筒31の内周面に沿って下降した水素含有ガスが中筒31の外側に出て中筒31の外周面に沿って上昇してCO低減器13に流入するように、外筒32の底部との間に所定の隙間を設けている。 At the lower end of the middle cylinder 31, the hydrogen-containing gas that flows out of the reformer 10 and descends along the inner peripheral surface of the middle cylinder 31 goes out of the middle cylinder 31 and rises along the outer peripheral surface of the middle cylinder 31. A predetermined gap is provided between the outer cylinder 32 and the bottom of the outer cylinder 32 so as to flow into the CO reducer 13.

燃焼空気筒20及び燃焼筒21の外周面と内筒30の内周面は、燃焼排ガス流路22を形成する。燃焼排ガス出口23は、内筒30の上部の露出している部分(内筒30が中筒31に覆われていない部分)に設けられ、燃焼排ガス流路22を流れた燃焼排ガスを外部に排気する。 The outer peripheral surface of the combustion air cylinder 20 and the combustion cylinder 21 and the inner peripheral surface of the inner cylinder 30 form a combustion exhaust gas flow path 22. The combustion exhaust gas outlet 23 is provided in an exposed portion above the inner cylinder 30 (a portion where the inner cylinder 30 is not covered by the inner cylinder 31), and exhausts the combustion exhaust gas flowing through the combustion exhaust gas flow path 22 to the outside. To do.

中筒31は、改質器10に対応する部分の径が、蒸発器5に対応する部分の径よりも大きくなるように形成されている。また、中筒31は、蒸発器5とCO低減器13とを熱交換させるとともに、蒸発器5とCO除去器15とを熱交換させるように構成されている。 The inner cylinder 31 is formed so that the diameter of the portion corresponding to the reformer 10 is larger than the diameter of the portion corresponding to the evaporator 5. Further, the inner cylinder 31 is configured to exchange heat between the evaporator 5 and the CO reducer 13 and to exchange heat between the evaporator 5 and the CO remover 15.

外筒32におけるCO低減器13に対応する部分とCO除去器15に対応する部分との間には、CO除去器15に流入する水素含有ガスに空気を供給する空気供給配管(図示せず)が取り付けられる。 An air supply pipe (not shown) that supplies air to the hydrogen-containing gas flowing into the CO remover 15 between the part of the outer cylinder 32 corresponding to the CO reducer 13 and the part corresponding to the CO remover 15. Is attached.

CO除去器15から流出した水素含有ガスを水素生成装置1の外部に排出する出口配管17は、外筒32におけるCO除去器15に対応する部分よりも上側の部分から突出している。 The outlet pipe 17 for discharging the hydrogen-containing gas flowing out of the CO remover 15 to the outside of the hydrogen generator 1 projects from a portion of the outer cylinder 32 above the portion corresponding to the CO remover 15.

水供給部28と原料供給部29は、中筒31の上部の露出している部分(中筒31が外筒32に覆われていない部分)から外周方向に突出した配管に設けられている。 The water supply unit 28 and the raw material supply unit 29 are provided in a pipe protruding in the outer peripheral direction from an exposed portion (a portion where the inner cylinder 31 is not covered by the outer cylinder 32) above the inner cylinder 31.

バーナ19で行う燃焼に必要な燃料ガスをディストリビューター26に供給するための燃料供給部25と、燃焼用空気を供給するための空気供給部35は、それぞれ水素生成装置1の上部に設置されている。 The fuel supply unit 25 for supplying the fuel gas required for combustion in the burner 19 to the distributor 26 and the air supply unit 35 for supplying combustion air are installed above the hydrogen generation device 1, respectively. There is.

空気供給部35から空気室51に燃焼用の空気を供給する空気管は、燃焼空気筒20の上面部(天井面)を貫通している。燃料供給部25からディストリビューター26に燃料ガスを供給するガス管は、燃焼空気筒20の上面部(天井面)と、空気内筒54の上面部(天井面)と、炎孔板36の上面部(天井面)を貫通している。 The air pipe that supplies combustion air from the air supply unit 35 to the air chamber 51 penetrates the upper surface portion (ceiling surface) of the combustion air cylinder 20. The gas pipes that supply fuel gas from the fuel supply unit 25 to the distributor 26 are the upper surface portion (ceiling surface) of the combustion air cylinder 20, the upper surface portion (ceiling surface) of the air inner cylinder 54, and the upper surface portion of the flame hole plate 36. It penetrates the part (ceiling surface).

空気内筒54の側壁の円周方向に並んだ複数の開口孔55は、空気内筒54の内周側に突出して空気の流れを円周方向に傾斜させるように案内するガイドを有する孔で構成される。なお、空気内筒54の側壁が十分に厚い場合は、開口孔55を、円周方向に傾斜して設けられた傾斜孔で構成しても構わない。 The plurality of opening holes 55 arranged in the circumferential direction of the side wall of the air inner cylinder 54 are holes having guides that project toward the inner peripheral side of the air inner cylinder 54 and guide the air flow so as to be inclined in the circumferential direction. It is composed. If the side wall of the air inner cylinder 54 is sufficiently thick, the opening hole 55 may be formed by an inclined hole provided so as to be inclined in the circumferential direction.

炎孔板36の側面部空気噴出孔37は、下方に向かうほど内径と外径が大きくなるように傾斜した側面(側壁)部分で、空気内筒54の開口孔55よりも高さ方向の低い位置に設けられる。 The side air ejection hole 37 of the flame hole plate 36 is a side surface (side wall) portion inclined so that the inner diameter and the outer diameter become larger toward the lower side, and is lower in the height direction than the opening hole 55 of the air inner cylinder 54. It is provided at the position.

炎孔板36の上面部空気噴出孔38は、炎形成室52の上面(天井面)を構成する部分に設けられ、下向きに燃焼用の空気を噴出する。また、炎孔板36の上面(天井面)を構成する部分(上面部空気噴出孔38)は、空気内筒54の開口孔55よりも高さ方向の高い位置に設けられる。 The upper surface air ejection hole 38 of the flame hole plate 36 is provided in a portion constituting the upper surface (ceiling surface) of the flame forming chamber 52, and ejects combustion air downward. Further, the portion (upper surface portion air ejection hole 38) constituting the upper surface (ceiling surface) of the flame hole plate 36 is provided at a position higher in the height direction than the opening hole 55 of the air inner cylinder 54.

燃料供給部25からディストリビューター26に供給する燃料ガスは、炭化水素系の原料である都市ガスと、水素生成装置1で生成された水素含有ガスを用いて発電する燃料電池(図示せず)から排出されるアノードオフガスである。 The fuel gas supplied from the fuel supply unit 25 to the distributor 26 is from a fuel cell (not shown) that generates power using city gas, which is a raw material for hydrocarbons, and hydrogen-containing gas generated by the hydrogen generator 1. It is the discharged anode off-gas.

以上のように構成された本実施の形態の水素生成装置1について、以下、その動作と作用を説明する。 The operation and operation of the hydrogen generating apparatus 1 of the present embodiment configured as described above will be described below.

水蒸気(水)と都市ガスの混合ガス中における水分子と炭素原子とのモル比(S/C)が所定の比率(本実施の形態ではS/Cが3)になり、かつ、要求される生成量の水素含有ガスが水素生成装置1で生成されるように、原料供給部29から都市ガスが内筒30と中筒31との間に上から供給されるとともに、水供給部28から水が内筒30と中筒31との間に上から供給される。 The molar ratio (S / C) of water molecules and carbon atoms in the mixed gas of water vapor (water) and city gas is a predetermined ratio (S / C is 3 in this embodiment), and is required. City gas is supplied from above between the inner cylinder 30 and the middle cylinder 31 from the raw material supply unit 29, and water is supplied from the water supply unit 28 so that the hydrogen-containing gas to be produced is generated by the hydrogen generation device 1. Is supplied from above between the inner cylinder 30 and the middle cylinder 31.

水供給部28から供給された水は、バーナ19で発生する熱によって加熱された蒸発器5で蒸発して水蒸気となり、都市ガスと水蒸気の混合ガスが生成される。 The water supplied from the water supply unit 28 evaporates in the evaporator 5 heated by the heat generated in the burner 19 to become steam, and a mixed gas of city gas and steam is generated.

都市ガスと水蒸気の混合ガスは、改質触媒11によって水蒸気改質反応が行われて改質ガス(水素含有ガス)となる。改質器10からCO低減器13に流れた改質ガスは、CO低減器13の変成触媒14の作用により、改質ガス中のCOと水蒸気が水素とCOになるシフト反応で、改質ガス中のCO濃度が0.1〜0.2%程度まで低減される。CO低減器13でCO濃度が低減されてCO除去器15に流れた改質ガスは、CO除去器15の選択酸化触媒16の作用により、COがCOになってCO濃度が数ppm程度にまで低減されて、外筒32の上部に設けられた出口配管17から水素生成装置1の外部に排出される。 The mixed gas of city gas and steam undergoes a steam reforming reaction by the reforming catalyst 11 to become a reforming gas (hydrogen-containing gas). The reforming gas flowing from the reformer 10 to the CO reduction device 13 is reformed by a shift reaction in which CO and water vapor in the reforming gas become hydrogen and CO 2 by the action of the transformation catalyst 14 of the CO reduction device 13. The CO concentration in the gas is reduced to about 0.1 to 0.2%. The modified gas that has been reduced in CO concentration by the CO reducer 13 and has flowed into the CO remover 15 has CO converted to CO 2 by the action of the selective oxidation catalyst 16 of the CO remover 15, and the CO concentration is reduced to about several ppm. It is discharged to the outside of the hydrogen generating device 1 from the outlet pipe 17 provided in the upper part of the outer cylinder 32.

空気供給部35から空気室51に供給された燃焼用の空気は、燃焼空気筒20の内周面と空気内筒54の外周面との間の隙間に入った後に、開口孔55によって、空気内筒54の内面と炎孔板36の外面との間の流路に旋回流として噴出され、その後、側面部空気噴出孔37と上面部空気噴出孔38の両方から炎形成室52へと噴出される。 The combustion air supplied from the air supply unit 35 to the air chamber 51 enters the gap between the inner peripheral surface of the combustion air cylinder 20 and the outer peripheral surface of the air inner cylinder 54, and then is aired through the opening hole 55. It is ejected as a swirling flow into the flow path between the inner surface of the inner cylinder 54 and the outer surface of the flame hole plate 36, and then ejected from both the side air ejection hole 37 and the upper surface air ejection hole 38 into the flame forming chamber 52. Will be done.

燃料供給部25からディストリビューター26に供給された燃料ガスは、ガス噴出孔27から炎形成室52へ噴出される。 The fuel gas supplied from the fuel supply unit 25 to the distributor 26 is ejected from the gas ejection hole 27 into the flame forming chamber 52.

バーナ19では、点火器(図示せず)で、燃料ガスと燃焼用の空気の混合ガスに着火される。炎形成室52には燃焼用の空気の噴流と燃料ガスの噴流とが継続して供給されて燃
焼が継続される。
In the burner 19, an igniter (not shown) ignites a mixed gas of fuel gas and combustion air. A jet of air for combustion and a jet of fuel gas are continuously supplied to the flame forming chamber 52, and combustion is continued.

上面部空気噴出孔38から下向きに燃焼用の空気を噴出させることで、空気の噴流と燃料ガスの噴流とが交差し、空気と燃料ガスとが十分に混合することで優れた燃焼安定性を得ることができる。 By ejecting combustion air downward from the upper surface air ejection hole 38, the air jet and the fuel gas jet intersect, and the air and fuel gas are sufficiently mixed to provide excellent combustion stability. Obtainable.

バーナ19の燃焼により炎形成室52で生成される燃焼排ガスは、炎孔板36と燃焼筒21の内周面に沿って旋回しながら燃焼筒21の下端部まで進み、内筒底部33によって折り返して、内筒30の内周面に沿って旋回しながら燃焼排ガス流路22を上昇することになるので、燃焼排ガスは、内筒30を介して、蒸発器5と、改質触媒11、変成触媒14および選択酸化触媒16を周方向に均一に加熱することができる。 The flue gas generated in the flame forming chamber 52 by the combustion of the burner 19 travels to the lower end of the combustion cylinder 21 while swirling along the inner peripheral surface of the flame hole plate 36 and the combustion cylinder 21, and is folded back by the inner cylinder bottom 33. As the combustion exhaust gas flow path 22 rises while swirling along the inner peripheral surface of the inner cylinder 30, the combustion exhaust gas is modified by the evaporator 5 and the reforming catalyst 11 via the inner cylinder 30. The catalyst 14 and the selective oxidation catalyst 16 can be uniformly heated in the circumferential direction.

上面部空気噴出孔38が無い場合は、側面部空気噴出孔37から炎形成室52へと噴出される燃焼用の空気が旋回流を生じ、旋回流の中心部は負圧となり、旋回流は旋回の中心に向かって偏って流れるため、ディストリビューター26の近くで炎が形成される。 When there is no air ejection hole 38 on the upper surface, the combustion air ejected from the air ejection hole 37 on the side surface to the flame forming chamber 52 creates a swirling flow, the central part of the swirling flow becomes a negative pressure, and the swirling flow is generated. A flame is formed near the distributor 26 because it flows unevenly toward the center of the swirl.

しかしながら、本実施の形態では、炎孔板36における炎形成室52の上面(天井面)を構成する部分に下向きに燃焼用の空気を噴出する上面部空気噴出孔38を設けており、炎孔板36の上面(天井面)を構成する部分(上面部空気噴出孔38)は、空気内筒54の開口孔55よりも高さ方向の高い位置に設けているので、上面部空気噴出孔38から炎形成室52に噴出される空気の旋回力は、側面部空気噴出孔37から炎形成室52に噴出される空気の旋回力よりも弱くなる。 However, in the present embodiment, an upper surface air ejection hole 38 for ejecting combustion air downward is provided in a portion of the flame hole plate 36 constituting the upper surface (ceiling surface) of the flame forming chamber 52, and the flame hole is provided. Since the portion (upper surface air ejection hole 38) constituting the upper surface (ceiling surface) of the plate 36 is provided at a position higher in the height direction than the opening hole 55 of the air inner cylinder 54, the upper surface air ejection hole 38 The swirling force of the air ejected from the flame forming chamber 52 to the flame forming chamber 52 is weaker than the swirling force of the air ejected from the side air ejection hole 37 into the flame forming chamber 52.

この結果、ディストリビューター26付近の空気の旋回力は弱くなり、特に都市ガスよりも燃焼速度の速い燃料電池のアノードオフガスが燃料ガスとしてディストリビューター26に供給される場合でも、ディストリビューター26を焼損する程度にディストリビューター26の近くで炎が形成されるのを抑制できる。 As a result, the swirling force of the air near the distributor 26 becomes weak, and the distributor 26 is burnt even when the anode off gas of the fuel cell having a combustion speed faster than that of the city gas is supplied to the distributor 26 as a fuel gas. The formation of flames near the distributor 26 can be suppressed to some extent.

以上のように、本実施の形態においては、開口孔55を上面部空気噴出孔38よりも高さ方向の下方に配置することにより、炎がディストリビューター26に近接して形成され難くなり、炎によりディストリビューター26が焼損することを抑制できる。 As described above, in the present embodiment, by arranging the opening hole 55 below the upper surface air ejection hole 38 in the height direction, it becomes difficult for the flame to be formed in the vicinity of the distributor 26, and the flame This can prevent the distributor 26 from burning out.

この結果、炎孔板36の側面部空気噴出孔37から炎形成室52へ噴出される空気を旋回流にする開口孔55を設けても、ディストリビューター26が焼損するのを抑制することができる。 As a result, even if the opening hole 55 for swirling the air ejected from the side air ejection hole 37 of the flame hole plate 36 to the flame forming chamber 52 is provided, the distributor 26 can be suppressed from burning. ..

本実施の形態の水素生成装置1は、燃料ガスを略水平に放射状に噴出する複数のガス噴出孔27が円周方向に並んだ有底筒状のディストリビューター26と、ディストリビューター26に燃料ガスを供給する燃料供給部25と、ディストリビューター26のガス噴出孔27が並んだ部分を囲むように配置されて下向きの炎を形成する炎形成室52を形成する有底カップ状で下方が開口した部材であって、炎形成室52の外側から炎形成室52へ燃焼用の空気を噴出する複数の側面部空気噴出孔37及び上面部空気噴出孔38が円周方向と高さ方向に並んだ炎孔板36と、炎孔板36の上面及び外周面との間に炎孔板36へ空気を供給する空気流路が形成されるように炎孔板36を囲む有底筒状で下方が開口した部材であって、炎孔板36の側面部空気噴出孔37及び上面部空気噴出孔38から炎形成室52へ噴出される空気を旋回流にする複数の開口孔55が側壁の円周方向に並んだ空気内筒54と、空気内筒54の側壁の外周面との間に空気内筒54へ空気を供給する空気流路が形成されるように空気内筒54を囲む燃焼空気筒20と、燃焼空気筒20の内周面と空気内筒54の外周面とで形成される空間(空気室51)に空気を供給する空気供給部35と、を備えたバーナ19を有する。 In the hydrogen generation device 1 of the present embodiment, a bottomed tubular distributor 26 in which a plurality of gas ejection holes 27 for ejecting fuel gas radially and substantially horizontally are arranged in the circumferential direction, and a fuel gas in the distributor 26. A bottomed cup-like bottom opening that forms a flame forming chamber 52 that forms a downward flame and is arranged so as to surround the portion where the gas ejection holes 27 of the distributor 26 and the fuel supply unit 25 that supplies the fuel are arranged. A plurality of side surface air ejection holes 37 and upper surface air ejection holes 38, which are members and eject combustion air from the outside of the flame forming chamber 52 to the flame forming chamber 52, are arranged in the circumferential direction and the height direction. A bottomed tubular shape that surrounds the flame hole plate 36 so that an air flow path for supplying air to the flame hole plate 36 is formed between the flame hole plate 36 and the upper surface and the outer peripheral surface of the flame hole plate 36. A plurality of opening holes 55, which are open members and that swirl the air ejected from the side air ejection holes 37 and the upper surface air ejection holes 38 of the flame hole plate 36 to the flame forming chamber 52, are the circumferences of the side walls. A combustion air cylinder that surrounds the air inner cylinder 54 so that an air flow path for supplying air to the air inner cylinder 54 is formed between the air inner cylinders 54 arranged in the direction and the outer peripheral surface of the side wall of the air inner cylinder 54. It has a burner 19 provided with 20 and an air supply unit 35 for supplying air to a space (air chamber 51) formed by an inner peripheral surface of the combustion air cylinder 20 and an outer peripheral surface of the air inner cylinder 54.

そして、開口孔55は、空気の流れを円周方向に傾斜させるように案内するガイドを有する孔で構成され、円周方向と高さ方向に並んだ複数の空気噴出孔(側面部空気噴出孔37及び上面部空気噴出孔38)のうちの比較的高い位置の上面部空気噴出孔38は、空気内筒54の開口孔55よりも高さ方向の高い位置にあることを特徴とする。 The opening hole 55 is composed of a hole having a guide for guiding the air flow so as to incline in the circumferential direction, and a plurality of air ejection holes (side surface air ejection holes) arranged in the circumferential direction and the height direction. The upper surface air ejection hole 38 at a relatively high position among the 37 and the upper surface air ejection hole 38) is characterized in that it is located higher in the height direction than the opening hole 55 of the air inner cylinder 54.

これによって、空気内筒54の開口孔55よりも高さ方向の高い位置に設けられた上面部空気噴出孔38から噴出される空気は側面部空気噴出孔37から噴出される空気よりも旋回力が弱いため、炎形成室52内における開口孔55よりも上部では、空気が中心に寄り難くなり、その結果、燃料ガスと空気との混合気も中心部から離れて、炎はディストリビューター26の近傍で形成されなくなるので、ディストリビューター26が焼損し難くなり、水素生成装置1のバーナ19の耐久性を向上させることができる。 As a result, the air ejected from the upper surface air ejection hole 38 provided at a position higher in the height direction than the opening hole 55 of the air inner cylinder 54 has a swirling force more than the air ejected from the side air ejection hole 37. In the flame forming chamber 52 above the opening hole 55, it becomes difficult for the air to move toward the center, and as a result, the air-fuel mixture of the fuel gas and the air also moves away from the center, and the flame of the distributor 26 Since it is not formed in the vicinity, the distributor 26 is less likely to be burnt out, and the durability of the burner 19 of the hydrogen generator 1 can be improved.

また、空気内筒54の開口孔55よりも高さ方向の高い位置にある上面部空気噴出孔38は、炎形成室52の天井面を構成する部分に設けられ、下向きに空気を噴出するので、ディストリビューター26のガス噴出孔27よりも上部では、空気が中心に寄り難く、燃料と空気との混合気も中心部から離れ、炎はディストリビューター26の近傍で形成されなくなる。 Further, the upper surface air ejection hole 38 located at a position higher in the height direction than the opening hole 55 of the air inner cylinder 54 is provided in a portion constituting the ceiling surface of the flame forming chamber 52 and ejects air downward. Above the gas ejection hole 27 of the distributor 26, the air is difficult to move toward the center, the air-fuel mixture is also separated from the center, and the flame is not formed in the vicinity of the distributor 26.

また、上面部空気噴出孔38によって、炎形成室52の天井面を構成する部分から下向きに噴出される空気が、燃料と空気との混合気をディストリビューター26のガス噴出孔27よりも下方に誘導するので、より確実に、ディストリビューター26の焼損を回避することができる。 Further, the air ejected downward from the portion constituting the ceiling surface of the flame forming chamber 52 by the air ejection hole 38 on the upper surface causes the air-fuel mixture to be below the gas ejection hole 27 of the distributor 26. Since it is induced, it is possible to more reliably avoid burning of the distributor 26.

以上のように、本発明の水素生成装置のバーナは、炎孔板の空気噴出孔から炎形成室へ噴出される空気を旋回流にしても、バーナの炎がディストリビューターの近傍で形成されないので、バーナの寿命を長くすることができるので、水素生成装置にだけではなく、一般に拡散バーナを有する機器全般に応用できる。 As described above, in the burner of the hydrogen generator of the present invention, even if the air ejected from the air ejection hole of the flame hole plate to the flame forming chamber is swirled, the flame of the burner is not formed in the vicinity of the distributor. Since the life of the burner can be extended, it can be applied not only to a hydrogen generator but also to a general device having a diffusion burner in general.

1 水素生成装置
5 蒸発器
10 改質器
11 改質触媒
13 CO低減器
14 変成触媒
15 CO除去器
16 選択酸化触媒
17 出口配管
19 バーナ
20 燃焼空気筒
21 燃焼筒
22 燃焼排ガス流路
23 燃焼排ガス出口
25 燃料供給部
26 ディストリビューター
27 ガス噴出孔
28 水供給部
29 原料供給部
30 内筒
31 中筒
32 外筒
33 内筒底部
35 空気供給部
36 炎孔板
37 側面部空気噴出孔
38 上面部空気噴出孔
51 空気室
52 炎形成室
54 空気内筒
55 開口孔
1 Hydrogen generator 5 Evaporator 10 Reformer 11 Reform catalyst 13 CO reducer 14 Metamorphic catalyst 15 CO remover 16 Selective oxidation catalyst 17 Outlet piping 19 Burner 20 Combustion air cylinder 21 Combustion cylinder 22 Combustion exhaust gas flow path 23 Combustion exhaust gas Outlet 25 Fuel supply section 26 Distributor 27 Gas ejection hole 28 Water supply section 29 Raw material supply section 30 Inner cylinder 31 Middle cylinder 32 Outer cylinder 33 Inner cylinder bottom 35 Air supply unit 36 Flame hole plate 37 Side part Air ejection hole 38 Top surface Air ejection hole 51 Air chamber 52 Flame forming chamber 54 Air inner cylinder 55 Opening hole

Claims (2)

燃料ガスを略水平に放射状に噴出する複数のガス噴出孔が円周方向に並んだ有底筒状のディストリビューターと、
前記ディストリビューターに前記燃料ガスを供給する燃料供給部と、
前記ディストリビューターの前記ガス噴出孔が並んだ部分を囲むように配置されて下向きの炎を形成する炎形成室を形成する有底カップ状で下方が開口した部材であって、前記炎形成室の外側から前記炎形成室へ燃焼用の空気を噴出する複数の空気噴出孔が円周方向と高さ方向に並んだ炎孔板と、
前記炎孔板の上面及び外周面との間に前記炎孔板へ前記空気を供給する空気流路が形成されるように前記炎孔板を囲む有底筒状で下方が開口した部材であって、前記炎孔板の前記空気噴出孔から前記炎形成室へ噴出される前記空気を旋回流にする複数の開口孔が側壁の円周方向に並んだ空気内筒と、
前記空気内筒の前記側壁の外周面との間に前記空気内筒へ前記空気を供給する空気流路が形成されるように前記空気内筒を囲む燃焼空気筒と、
前記燃焼空気筒の内周面と前記空気内筒の外周面とで形成される空間に前記空気を供給する空気供給部と、を備えたバーナを有する水素生成装置であって、
前記開口孔は、円周方向に傾斜して設けられた傾斜孔、または、前記空気の流れを円周方向に傾斜させるように案内するガイドを有する孔で構成され、
円周方向と高さ方向に並んだ複数の前記空気噴出孔のうちの比較的高い位置の前記空気噴出孔は、前記空気内筒の前記開口孔よりも高さ方向の高い位置にあることを特徴とする水素生成装置。
A bottomed tubular distributor with multiple gas ejection holes lined up in the circumferential direction to eject fuel gas substantially horizontally and radially.
A fuel supply unit that supplies the fuel gas to the distributor,
A bottomed cup-shaped member having a bottom opening, which is arranged so as to surround a portion of the distributor in which the gas ejection holes are lined up to form a flame forming chamber for forming a downward flame, and is a member of the flame forming chamber. A flame hole plate in which a plurality of air ejection holes for ejecting combustion air from the outside to the flame forming chamber are arranged in the circumferential direction and the height direction.
A bottomed tubular member having an opening at the bottom so as to form an air flow path for supplying the air to the flame hole plate between the upper surface and the outer peripheral surface of the flame hole plate. An air inner cylinder in which a plurality of opening holes for swirling the air ejected from the air ejection hole of the flame hole plate to the flame forming chamber are arranged in the circumferential direction of the side wall.
A combustion air cylinder that surrounds the air inner cylinder so that an air flow path for supplying the air to the air inner cylinder is formed between the air inner cylinder and the outer peripheral surface of the side wall.
A hydrogen generating device having a burner including an air supply unit for supplying the air to a space formed by an inner peripheral surface of the combustion air cylinder and an outer peripheral surface of the air inner cylinder.
The opening hole is composed of an inclined hole provided so as to be inclined in the circumferential direction or a hole having a guide for guiding the air flow so as to be inclined in the circumferential direction.
The air ejection holes at a relatively high position among the plurality of air ejection holes arranged in the circumferential direction and the height direction are located at a higher position in the height direction than the opening holes of the air inner cylinder. A characteristic hydrogen generator.
前記空気内筒の前記開口孔よりも高さ方向の高い位置にある前記空気噴出孔は、前記炎形成室の天井面を構成する部分に設けられ、下向きに前記空気を噴出することを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の水素生成装置。 The air ejection hole located at a position higher in the height direction than the opening hole of the air inner cylinder is provided in a portion constituting the ceiling surface of the flame forming chamber, and is characterized in that the air is ejected downward. The hydrogen generating apparatus according to claim 1.
JP2019128172A 2019-07-10 2019-07-10 Hydrogen generator Pending JP2021014373A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN116164307A (en) * 2023-03-09 2023-05-26 中国空气动力研究与发展中心空天技术研究所 Gas spiral-flow type air-hydrogen torch igniter

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN116164307A (en) * 2023-03-09 2023-05-26 中国空气动力研究与发展中心空天技术研究所 Gas spiral-flow type air-hydrogen torch igniter
CN116164307B (en) * 2023-03-09 2024-04-19 中国空气动力研究与发展中心空天技术研究所 Gas spiral-flow type air-hydrogen torch igniter

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