JP2021012062A - Pressure detector and water depth gage - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a pressure detector being downsized and causing no such problem that an operator forgets to press an atmospheric pressure measurement switch on a water surface.SOLUTION: A pressure detector comprises: a housing part including a first chamber that retains air in water and a second chamber in which water is introduced in water; a pressure measuring section that is provided at a partition part for partitioning the first chamber from the second chamber and measures a pressure difference between the first chamber and the second chamber; and a first movable valve that includes a first pressure application part to which a hydraulic pressure is applied in water and that moves between a first position causing the first chamber to communicate with external environment and a second position shielding the first chamber from the external environment. The first movable valve includes a first magnet, and the first magnet is provided such that the same electrode sides of the first magnet and of a second magnet provided in the housing face each other.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

The present invention relates to a pressure detector and a water depth gauge for detecting water pressure.

When detecting pressure in water and measuring water depth, in order to accurately calculate the measured value of water depth, it is necessary not only to measure water pressure but also to refer to atmospheric pressure on the water surface. For example, in a throw-in type differential pressure water level gauge, a method is used in which a cable is extended above the water surface and the water level gauge acquires the atmospheric pressure via the cable. However, it is difficult to adopt the method of extending the cable to introduce the atmospheric pressure in a small depth gauge.

Therefore, in a small water depth gauge such as that mounted on a diver's watch, a water depth gauge has been proposed that measures the atmospheric pressure on the water surface before the device enters the water and uses the measured atmospheric pressure on the water surface as a reference value. (See Patent Document 1 etc.). However, in such a conventional technique, when the operator forgets to press the atmospheric pressure measurement switch, there may be a problem that the reference value of the atmospheric pressure cannot be obtained and the accurate water depth cannot be measured. is there.

JP-A-2002-116022

The present invention relates to a pressure detector and a water depth gauge, which can be miniaturized and do not cause a problem such as forgetting to press the atmospheric pressure measurement switch on the water surface.

In order to achieve the above object, the pressure detector of the present invention
A housing portion having a first chamber for holding air in water and a second chamber for introducing water in water.
A pressure measuring unit provided in a partition portion that separates the first chamber and the second chamber and measures the differential pressure between the first chamber and the second chamber.
Between a first position that has a first pressure acting part on which water pressure acts in water and communicates the first chamber with the outside environment and a second position that shields the first chamber with the outside environment. Has a first movable valve, which moves the
The first movable valve has a first magnet and has a first magnet.
The first magnet is provided so that the same pole sides face each other with respect to the second magnet provided in the housing portion.
When water pressure acts on the first pressure acting portion, the first movable valve approaches the first position by the first magnet approaching the second magnet against the repulsive force with the second magnet. Move to the second position from
When the water pressure does not act on the first pressure acting portion, the first movable valve moves away from the second magnet due to the repulsive force of the first magnet with the second magnet from the second position. Move to the first position.

The pressure detector according to the present invention has a first chamber that is shielded from the outside environment at atmospheric pressure on the water surface (immediately before the water pressure starts to act) and a second chamber that the water pressure acts on, and the pressure. By measuring the differential pressure between the first chamber and the second chamber, the measuring unit can accurately measure the pressure obtained by subtracting the atmospheric pressure from the water pressure. Further, in the pressure detector according to the present invention, when water pressure acts on the first movable valve, the first movable valve automatically shields the first chamber from the outside environment, so that there is a problem such as forgetting to press the switch. Is not generated, and the pressure obtained by subtracting the atmospheric pressure from the water pressure can be reliably measured.

Further, the first movable valve has a first magnet, and operates by balancing the pressure acting on the first pressure acting portion and the repulsive force of the first magnet and the second magnet. Therefore, unlike the valve that operates by electric power, the first movable valve does not require charging or battery replacement, so that the operation is highly reliable and the structure is simple. Further, such a first movable valve is less likely to deteriorate even if it is repeatedly operated and has higher durability than a valve that uses the repulsive force of a spring.

Further, for example, the housing portion may have a third chamber for movably accommodating the first movable valve.

Further, for example, the third chamber may be formed along a direction intersecting the direction in which air enters and exits the first chamber.

By forming the third chamber in this way, the opening and closing of the first chamber by the first movable valve is realized with a simple structure, and the volume of the first chamber changes as the first movable valve moves. Can be prevented.

Further, for example, the first magnet has a shielding portion that shields the first chamber from the outside environment when the first movable valve moves to the second position, and the first movable valve has the first movable valve. It may have a through hole that allows the first chamber to communicate with the outside environment when moved to a position.

Since the first magnet itself functions as a valve in such a pressure detector, the number of parts is small and the structure is simple.

Further, for example, the pressure detector according to the present invention has the second magnet and the second pressure acting portion on which water pressure acts in water, and the third position that shields the second chamber from the outside environment. And a second movable valve that moves between the second chamber and the fourth position that communicates with the outside environment.
In the second movable valve, when water pressure acts on the second pressure acting portion, the second magnet approaches the first magnet against the repulsive force from the first magnet, so that the third position Move to the 4th position from
When the water pressure does not act on the second pressure acting portion, the second movable valve moves away from the first magnet due to the repulsive force from the first magnet from the fourth position. Move to the third position.

Such a pressure detector has a second movable valve that opens and closes the second chamber, and the second chamber communicates with the outside environment in water and is shielded in the atmosphere. Therefore, such a pressure detector can prevent the water introduced into the second chamber in water from leaking from the second chamber in the atmosphere. Further, the second movable valve operates by the balance between the pressure acting on the second pressure acting portion and the repulsive force of the first magnet and the second magnet, like the first movable valve, and therefore has good durability. Has reliability.

Further, for example, the first movable valve and the second movable valve are arranged along a predetermined straight line so that the first pressure acting portion and the second pressure acting portion face each other in opposite directions. You may.

The pressure detector in which the first movable valve and the second movable valve are arranged in this way has a simple structure. Further, by applying water pressure to the first movable valve and the second movable valve from both sides, the change in the repulsive force between the magnets per unit pressure change can be increased, which contributes to miniaturization.

Further, for example, the second magnet may be fixed to the housing portion.

The pressure detector according to the present invention can also have a simple structure in which the second magnet is fixed to the housing portion and the second movable valve is not provided.

The water depth gauge according to the present invention includes the pressure detector according to any one of the above and the pressure detector.
It has a water depth calculation unit that converts the differential pressure measured by the pressure measurement unit into water depth.

The water depth gauge according to the present invention can reliably measure the pressure obtained by subtracting the atmospheric pressure from the water pressure, and at the same time, it causes a problem that the atmospheric pressure cannot be measured on the water surface and the accurate water depth cannot be measured. , Can be prevented appropriately.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a water depth gauge according to the first embodiment of the present invention, and shows a state in which the water depth gauge is in the atmosphere. FIG. 2 is a conceptual diagram showing a state in which the depth gauge shown in FIG. 1 is at the water surface position. FIG. 3 is a conceptual diagram showing a state in which the depth gauge shown in FIG. 1 is underwater. FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the water depth gauge according to the second embodiment of the present invention, and shows a state in which the water depth gauge is in the atmosphere. FIG. 5 is a conceptual diagram showing a state in which the depth gauge shown in FIG. 4 is underwater. FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a water depth gauge according to a third embodiment of the present invention, showing a state in which the water depth gauge is in the atmosphere. FIG. 7 is a conceptual diagram showing a state in which the depth gauge shown in FIG. 6 is underwater. FIG. 8 is a conceptual diagram showing an example of application of the depth gauge of the present invention to a farm.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described based on the embodiments shown in the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a pressure detector 20 according to the first embodiment of the present invention and a water depth gauge 10 using the pressure detector 20. The water depth gauge 10 includes a pressure detector 20 and a water depth calculation unit 80 that converts the differential pressure measured by the pressure measuring unit 26 of the pressure detector 20 into water depth. The water depth calculation unit 80 is composed of an electronic circuit, an IC, or the like. In the description of the embodiment, an example of using the pressure detector 20 for the water depth gauge 10 will be described. However, the application of the pressure detector 20 is not limited to the water depth gauge 10, and the water pressure is measured by subtracting the atmospheric pressure. It may be used as part of other equipment that uses values. Further, in drawings other than FIG. 1, the water depth calculation unit 80 is not shown.

As shown in FIG. 1, the pressure detector 20 includes a housing unit 22, a pressure measuring unit 26, a first movable valve 30, a second movable valve 40, and the like. A plurality of partitioned rooms for detecting water pressure are formed inside the housing portion 22. The housing portion 22 can be made of a water-resistant material such as resin or metal, but the material of the housing portion 22 is not particularly limited. In the description of the water depth gauge 10 and the pressure detector 20, as shown in FIG. 1, the movable directions of the first movable valve 30 and the second movable valve 40 are set to the X-axis direction, and the first movable valve 30 and the second movable valve 30 and the second movable valve 40 are movable. The direction in which water or air passes through the valve 40 is the Z-axis direction, and the X-axis direction and the direction perpendicular to the Z-axis direction are the Y-axis directions.

The housing portion 22 has a first chamber 22a, a second chamber 22b, a third chamber 22c, and the like. The lower part of the housing portion 22 has a substantially U-shape, and the first chamber 22a and the second chamber 22b are arranged in this portion. The first chamber 22a and the second chamber 22b have an inverted L-L shape that is substantially symmetrical to each other. The side wall of the first chamber 22a and the side wall of the second chamber 22b are connected at the bottom of the housing portion 22, but the first chamber 22a and the second chamber 22b are separated by a partition portion 25. There is.

The partition portion 25 that partitions the first chamber 22a and the second chamber 22b is provided with a pressure measuring unit 26 that measures the differential pressure between the first chamber 22a and the second chamber 22b. Examples of the pressure measuring unit 26 include a piezoresistive type pressure sensor, a capacitance type pressure sensor, and a pressure measuring unit 26 that detects the amount of movement of the partition unit 25, but the pressure measuring unit 26 is not limited to this. .. Further, the partition portion 25 may be any one that partitions the first chamber 22a and the second chamber 22b so that moisture and air do not move, and is fixed at a fixed position as shown in FIG. It may be the one that moves so as to change the volume ratio of the first chamber 22a and the second chamber 22b.

The third chamber 22c of the housing portion 22 is provided so as to cross above the first chamber 22a and above the second chamber 22b so as to close the upper openings of both the first chamber 22a and the second chamber 22b. ing. The third chamber 22c movably accommodates the first movable valve 30 and the second movable valve 40.

The third chamber 22c extends in the X-axis direction, and has a central portion 22ca located between the upper opening of the first chamber 22a and the upper opening of the second chamber 22b, and an upper to outer side (central portion) of the first chamber 22a. It has a first side portion 22cc extending in the direction opposite to the 22ca, and a second side portion 22cc extending from the upper side of the second chamber 22b to the outside (in the direction opposite to the central portion 22ca). The first movable valve 30 is arranged so as to move a portion of the third chamber 22c from the central portion 22ca to the first side portion 22cc, and opens and closes the upper opening of the first chamber 22a. The second movable valve 40 is arranged so as to move a portion of the third chamber 22c from the central portion 22ca to the second side portion 22cc, and opens and closes the upper opening of the second chamber 22b.

The first movable valve 30 has a first magnet 32. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the first magnet 32 itself functions as a valve for opening and closing the first chamber 22a, but the configuration of the first movable valve 30 is not limited to this. The first movable valve 30 may have a portion other than the first magnet 32. For example, like the first movable valve 230 shown in FIG. 6, the first movable valve 30 is provided separately from the first magnet 232 and acts as a valve. It may have a shielding portion 233a and a through hole 233b.

The first magnet 32, which is the first movable valve 30, has a first pressure acting portion 32c on which the pressure of the external environment acts. The first pressure acting portion 32c is composed of an end face on the X-axis positive direction side of the first movable valve 30 (that is, the first magnet 32). As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, water pressure acts on the first pressure acting portion 32c in water. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 1, atmospheric pressure acts on the first pressure acting portion 32c in the atmosphere. The first magnet 32 is provided so that the same pole side (N pole in the examples shown in FIGS. 1 to 3) faces each other with respect to the second magnet 42, and receives a repulsive force from the second magnet 42. Note that the first magnet 32 and the second magnet 42 may be arranged so that their S poles face each other, unlike the first embodiment.

The first movable valve 30 and the first magnet 32 move inside the third chamber 22c in response to the pressure of the external environment acting on the first pressure acting portion 32c. That is, the first movable valve 30 shields the first position P1 that communicates the first chamber 22a with the outside environment as shown in FIG. 1 and the first chamber 22a with respect to the outside environment as shown in FIG. Moves between and the second position P2.

The first magnet 32 has a shielding portion 32a that shields the first chamber 22a from the outside environment (underwater) when the first movable valve 30 moves to the second position P2, and the first movable valve 30 is the first position P1. It has a through hole 32b that allows the first chamber 22a to communicate with the outside environment (in the atmosphere) when moved to. As shown in FIG. 1, the through hole 32b is formed near the end face of the first magnet 32 facing the second magnet 42 side as compared with the first shielding portion 32a, and the first movable valve 30 is closer to the outside. It is located above the upper opening of the first chamber 22a when it is moved to the first position P1 of the above.

Further, as shown in FIG. 2, the through hole 32b is located in the central portion 22ca when the first movable valve 30 moves to the second position P2 near the center, and is above the upper opening of the first chamber 22a. The shielding portion 32a is located there.

That is, as shown in FIG. 2, in the first movable valve 30, when water pressure acts on the first pressure acting portion 32c, the first magnet 32 acts on the second magnet 42 against the repulsive force from the second magnet 42. By approaching, the magnet moves from the first position P1 shown in FIG. 1 to the second position P2 shown in FIG.

Further, as shown in FIG. 1, in the first movable valve 30, when the water pressure does not act on the first pressure acting portion 32c, the first magnet 32 moves away from the second magnet 42 due to the repulsive force with the second magnet 42. As a result, the magnet moves from the second position P2 shown in FIG. 2 to the first position P1. In this way, the first movable valve 30 moves in the third chamber 22c by the balance between the repulsive force between the first magnet 32 and the second magnet 42 and the pressure received from the first pressure acting portion 32c. Due to the movement of the first movable valve 30, the first chamber 22a holds air in water.

The second movable valve 40 has a second magnet 42. Similar to the first magnet 32, the second magnet 42 itself functions as a valve for opening and closing the second chamber 22b. However, the second movable valve 40 may have a portion other than the second magnet 42, similarly to the first movable valve 230 (see FIG. 6) described later.

The second magnet 42, which is the second movable valve 40, has a second pressure acting portion 42c on which the pressure of the external environment acts. The second pressure acting portion 42c is composed of an end face on the negative direction side of the X axis of the second movable valve 40 (that is, the second magnet 42). Similar to the first pressure acting portion 32c of the first movable valve 30, the pressure of the external environment acts on the second pressure acting portion 42c.

That is, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, when the housing portion 22 is in water, water pressure acts on the second pressure acting portion 42c. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 1, when the housing portion 22 is in the atmosphere, atmospheric pressure acts on the second pressure acting portion 42c. The second magnet 42 is provided so that the same pole sides of the first magnet 32 face each other, and receives a repulsive force from the first magnet 32. As the first magnet and the second magnet, for example, permanent magnets such as rare earth magnets and ferrite magnets can be used, but are not particularly limited. Assuming use in an environment where seawater, a corrosive organic solvent, or the like is present, it is also possible to use a magnet that has been water-repellent treated with a silicone film or the like.

Like the first movable valve 30 and the first magnet 32, the second movable valve 40 and the second magnet 42 move inside the third chamber 22c according to the pressure of the external environment acting on the second pressure acting portion 42c. Moving. That is, the second movable valve 40 communicates with the third position P3 that shields the second chamber 22b from the outside environment as shown in FIG. 1 and the second chamber 22b with respect to the outside environment as shown in FIG. Move between and the fourth position P4 to be made to move.

The second magnet 42 has a shielding portion 42a that shields the second chamber 22b from the outside environment (atmosphere) when the second movable valve 40 moves to the third position P3, and the second movable valve 40 is in the fourth position. It has a through hole 42b that allows the second chamber 22b to communicate with the outside environment (underwater) when moved to P4. As shown in FIG. 2, the through hole 42b is formed at a position of the second magnet 42 away from the end face facing the first magnet 32 side as compared with the shielding portion 42a, and the second magnet 42 is closer to the center. When moved to the fourth position P4, it is located above the upper opening of the second chamber 22b.

Further, as shown in FIG. 1, the through hole 42b is located in the second side portion 22cc when the second magnet 42 moves to the third position P3 closer to the outside, and is located in the upper opening of the second chamber 22b. The shielding portion 42a is located above.

That is, as shown in FIG. 2, in the second movable valve 40, when water pressure acts on the second pressure acting portion 42c, the second magnet 42 acts on the first magnet 32 against the repulsive force from the first magnet 32. By approaching, it moves from the third position P3 shown in FIG. 1 to the fourth position P4 shown in FIG.

Further, as shown in FIG. 1, in the second movable valve 40, when the water pressure does not act on the second pressure acting portion 42c, the second magnet 42 moves away from the first magnet 32 due to the repulsive force with the first magnet 32. As a result, the magnet moves from the fourth position P4 shown in FIG. 2 to the third position P3. In this way, the second movable valve 40 moves in the third chamber 22c by the balance between the repulsive force between the first magnet 32 and the second magnet 42 and the pressure received from the second pressure acting portion 42c. Due to such movement of the second movable valve 40, water is introduced into the second chamber 22b in water, and water pressure acts on the second chamber 22b side of the partition portion 25 in water.

As shown in FIG. 1, the first movable valve 30 and the second movable valve 40 are formed along a predetermined straight line so that the first pressure acting portion 32c and the second pressure acting portion 42c face each other in opposite directions. It is arranged. Such a water depth gauge 10 has a simple structure of a housing portion 22. Further, by applying water pressure to the first movable valve 30 and the second movable valve 40 from both sides, it is possible to increase the change in the repulsive force between the first magnet 32 and the second magnet 42 per unit pressure change. Therefore, it is advantageous for miniaturization.

Hereinafter, the calculation of the water depth by the water depth gauge 10 will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3. FIG. 1 shows a state in which the water depth gauge 10 is in the atmosphere. As shown in FIG. 1, when the water depth gauge 10 is in the atmosphere, the first pressure acting portion 32c of the first movable valve 30 and the second pressure acting portion 42c of the second movable valve 40 are at atmospheric pressure Fa. Works. Further, a repulsive force Fb acts between the first magnet 32 of the first movable valve 30 and the second magnet 42 of the second movable valve 40.

The repulsive force Fb between the first magnet 32 and the second magnet 42 is movable with the first pressure acting portion 32c in a state where atmospheric pressure is acting on the first pressure acting portion 32c and the second pressure acting portion 42c. The valve 40 is set so as not to approach a predetermined interval or less. The atmospheric pressure acting on the first pressure acting portion 32c and the second pressure acting portion 42c is not particularly limited, but is, for example, about 950 to 950 hpa. This is a range based on the fluctuation range of atmospheric pressure assumed in the natural world.

As described above, in the state where the water depth gauge 10 is in the atmosphere, the distance between the first movable valve 30 and the second movable valve 40 is larger than that in the state where the water depth gauge 10 is in the water, and the first movable valve 30 is in the first position (P1) and the second movable valve 40 is in the third position (P3). As shown in FIG. 1, the first chamber 22a of the housing portion 22 communicates with the outside environment (air), and the first chamber 22a of the housing portion 22 is above the third chamber 22c with the third chamber 22c in between. Air enters and exits through the first introduction port 24a and the through hole 32b of the first magnet 32 provided in. Therefore, in the state shown in FIG. 1, the first chamber 22a is at atmospheric pressure. On the other hand, the second chamber 22b of the housing portion 22 is shielded from the outside environment.

In the third chamber 22c where the first movable valve 30 and the second movable valve 40 are movable, the first movable valve 30 is on the X-axis positive direction side and the second movable valve 40 is on the X-axis negative direction. A stopper mechanism 23a is provided on each side to prevent the vehicle from moving beyond a predetermined range. As a result, as shown in FIG. 1, even when the first magnet 32 and the second magnet 42 are located on the outer side of the third chamber 22c due to the repulsive force of each other, the first movable valve 30 or the second It is possible to prevent the movable valve 40 from coming off from both sides of the third chamber 22c.

FIG. 2 shows a state in which the water depth gauge 10 is at the water surface position. As shown in FIG. 2, in the depth gauge 10, the first introduction port 24a and the second introduction port 24b of the housing portion 22 are on the water surface (in the atmosphere), and the other parts are in the water. As shown in FIG. 2, the hydraulic Fc acts on the first pressure acting portion 32c of the first movable valve 30 and the second pressure acting portion 42c of the second movable valve 40. Further, a repulsive force Fb acts between the first magnet 32 of the first movable valve 30 and the second magnet 42 of the second movable valve 40.

The repulsive force Fb between the first magnet 32 and the second magnet 42 is such that the first magnet 32 and the second magnet 42 are in a state where water pressure is acting on the first pressure acting portion 32c and the second pressure acting portion 42c. It is set to approach less than a predetermined interval or come into contact with each other. The water pressure acting on the first pressure acting portion 32c and the second pressure acting portion 42c is not particularly limited, but is, for example, about 950 to 6200 hpa. This is based on the assumed lower limit of atmospheric pressure assumed in the natural world and the assumed upper limit of water pressure at a water depth of about 50 m in an actual usage environment.

As shown in FIG. 2, when the water depth gauge 10 is at the water surface position and water pressure is acting on the first pressure acting portion 32c and the second pressure acting portion 42c, the first movable valve 30 and the second movable valve 40 The distance between and is narrower than when the water depth gauge 10 is in the atmosphere. That is, the first movable valve 30 is in the first position along the third chamber 22c formed along the direction (X-axis direction) intersecting the direction in which air enters and exits the first chamber 22a (Z-axis direction). It moves from (P1) to the second position (P2). Therefore, the first chamber 22a of the housing portion 22 is shielded from the outside environment (atmosphere), and the first chamber 22a is maintained at the atmospheric pressure at the water surface position.

The second movable valve 40 also moves from the third position (P3) to the fourth position (P4) along the third chamber 22c. As a result, the second chamber 22b of the housing portion 22 communicates with the outside environment.

In the central portion 22ca of the third chamber 22c, the first movable valve 30 moves beyond the center of the housing portion 22 to the negative side of the X-axis, and the second movable valve 40 is located in the center of the housing portion 22. A stopper mechanism 23b (see FIG. 1) may be provided to prevent the vehicle from moving in the positive direction of the X-axis beyond the above. As a result, the first movable valve 30 and the second movable valve 40, which are approaching or in contact with each other due to water pressure, are generally biased to either the positive direction side of the X axis or the negative direction side of the X axis. That can be prevented.

Further, on the inner wall of the third chamber 22c in which the first movable valve 30 and the second movable valve 40 are housed, the first chamber 22a is formed through the gap between the first movable valve 30 and the second movable valve 40 and the third chamber 22c. And the second chamber 22b is sealed to prevent water from entering and exiting.

FIG. 3 shows a state in which the water depth gauge 10 is underwater. As shown in FIG. 3, the depth gauge 10 is entirely underwater, including the first introduction port 24a and the second introduction port 24b of the housing portion 22. As shown in FIG. 3, a hydraulic Fc acts on the first pressure acting portion 32c of the first movable valve 30 and the second pressure acting portion 42c of the second movable valve 40, and the first movable valve 30 has a first movable valve 30. It is in the second position (P2), and the second movable valve 40 is in the fourth position (P4).

As shown in FIG. 3, the second chamber 22b of the housing portion 22 communicates with the outside environment (underwater), and the second chamber 22b of the housing portion 22 is above the third chamber 22c with the third chamber 22c in between. Water enters and exits through the second introduction port 24b and the through hole 42b of the second magnet 42 provided in. Therefore, in the state shown in FIG. 3, the second chamber 22b has a water pressure. On the other hand, the first chamber 22a of the housing portion 22 is shielded from the outside environment and is maintained at the atmospheric pressure at the water surface position (see FIG. 2).

In the state shown in FIG. 3, the pressure measuring unit 26 provided in the partition portion 25 that partitions the first chamber 22a and the second chamber 22b measures the differential pressure between the first chamber 22a and the second chamber 22b. The first chamber 22a is maintained at the atmospheric pressure at the water surface position (see FIG. 2), and the second chamber 22b is the water pressure at which the water depth gauge 10 exists (the pressure of water from the water surface position to the water depth gauge and the atmospheric pressure). Total pressure) works. Therefore, the pressure measuring unit 26 can detect the pressure obtained by subtracting the atmospheric pressure from the water pressure.

Further, the water depth calculation unit 80 shown in FIG. 1 converts the differential pressure measured by the pressure measurement unit 26 into the water depth, so that the water depth gauge 10 provides information on the water depth at which the water depth gauge 10 (pressure measurement unit 26) is located. To get.

The pressure detector 20 included in the water depth gauge 10 according to the first embodiment has a first chamber 22a that is shielded from the outside environment in a state of atmospheric pressure at the water surface position (see FIG. 2) and a second chamber on which water pressure acts. It has 22b, and the pressure measuring unit 26 measures the differential pressure between the first chamber 22a and the second chamber 22b, so that the pressure obtained by subtracting the atmospheric pressure from the water pressure can be accurately measured. Further, in the pressure detector 20, when water pressure acts on the first pressure acting portion 32c, the first movable valve 30 automatically shields the first chamber 22a from the outside environment, so that it is like forgetting to press the switch. No problem occurs, and the pressure obtained by subtracting the atmospheric pressure from the water pressure can be measured reliably.

Further, the first movable valve 30 has a first magnet 32, and operates by balancing the pressure acting on the first pressure acting portion 32c and the repulsive force of the first magnet 32 and the second magnet 42. Therefore, unlike the valve that operates by electric power, the first movable valve 30 does not require charging or battery replacement, so that the operation is highly reliable and the structure is simple. Further, such a first movable valve 30 is less likely to deteriorate even if it is repeatedly operated and has higher durability than a valve that uses the repulsive force of a spring.

Further, the water depth gauge 10 has a second movable valve 40 that opens and closes the second chamber 22b, and the second chamber 22b communicates with the outside environment in water and is shielded from the outside environment in the atmosphere. Therefore, such a water depth gauge 10 can prevent the water introduced into the second chamber 22b in water from leaking from the second chamber 22b in the atmosphere.

2nd Embodiment FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 are schematic views of a water depth gauge 110 according to a second embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 4, the water depth gauge 110 does not have a second movable valve, and the second magnet 142 is fixed to the housing portion 122 in that the water depth gauge 110 and the water depth gauge 10 shown in FIGS. Is different, but the other points are the same as those of the water depth gauge 10. In the description of the water depth gauge 110, only the differences from the water depth gauge 10 according to the first embodiment will be described, and the description of common points will be omitted.

FIG. 4 shows a state in which the water depth gauge 110 and the pressure detector 120 included therein are in the atmosphere. The water depth gauge 110 has a first movable valve 30 that opens and closes the first chamber 122a of the housing portion 122, similarly to the water depth gauge 10 shown in FIG. The operation of the first movable valve 30 is the same as that of the water depth gauge 10 according to the first embodiment.

As shown in FIG. 4, the water depth gauge 110 does not have a second movable valve, and the second chamber 122b of the housing portion 122 always communicates with the outside environment. Further, the second magnet 142 that generates a repulsive force with respect to the first magnet 32 of the first movable valve 30 is provided in the central portion 122ca of the housing portion 122.

The third chamber 122c accommodating the first movable valve 30 in the housing portion 122 of the water depth gauge 110 has a central portion 122ca and a first side portion 122cc. As shown in FIG. 4, when the water depth gauge 110 is in the atmosphere, atmospheric pressure (Fa) acts on the first pressure acting portion 32c of the first movable valve 30, and the first movable valve 30 has the first chamber 122a. Is located at the first position (P1) that communicates with the outside environment.

As shown in FIG. 5, when the water depth gauge 110 is in water, water pressure (Fc) acts on the first pressure acting portion 32c of the first movable valve 30, and the first movable valve 30 outside the first chamber 122a. It is located at the second position (P2) that shields the environment. The first chamber 122a of the water depth gauge 110 holds air and is maintained at the atmospheric pressure at the water surface position, and the second chamber 22b communicates with the outside environment (underwater) and the hydraulic Fc acts on it.

The method of measuring the water depth by the water depth gauge 110 is the same as the measurement method by the water depth gauge 10 described above. The depth gauge 110 shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 has a simple structure because it has one movable valve. Further, the water depth gauge 110 has the same effect on the common portion with the water depth gauge 10.

Third Embodiment FIGS. 6 and 7 are schematic views of a water depth gauge 210 according to a third embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 6, the water depth gauge 210 differs from the water depth gauge 110 shown in FIG. 4 in that the first movable valve 230 has the first magnet 232 and the valve mechanism portion 233, but other points. Is the same as that of the water depth gauge 110. In the description of the water depth gauge 210, only the differences from the water depth gauge 110 according to the second embodiment will be described, and the common points will be omitted.

FIG. 6 shows a state in which the depth gauge 210 and the pressure detector 220 included therein are in the atmosphere. The first magnet 232 of the first movable valve 230 of the water depth gauge 210 is provided at the central end of the first movable valve 230 so as to face the second magnet 142 provided in the housing portion 122. The first magnet 232 and the second magnet 142 are provided so that their polar sides face each other, and generate a repulsive force according to the distance between the first magnet 232 and the second magnet 142.

The first movable valve 230 has a valve mechanism portion 233 connected to the outer (X-axis positive direction side) end of the first magnet 232. The valve mechanism portion 233 is made of, for example, resin or metal, but may be made of any material as long as it can open and close the first chamber 122a. Similar to the first movable valve 30 shown in FIG. 1, the first movable valve 230 communicates the first chamber 122a with the outside environment at the first position P1 (see FIG. 6) and the first chamber 122a with the outside environment. It moves between the second position P2 (see FIG. 7) that shields the environment.

The first valve mechanism unit 233 includes a shielding portion 233a that shields the first chamber 122a from the outside environment (underwater) when the first movable valve 230 moves to the second position P2, and the first movable valve 230 is the first. It has a through hole 233b that allows the first chamber 122a to communicate with the outside environment (in the atmosphere) when moved to the position P1. As shown in FIG. 6, the through hole 233b is formed closer to the first magnet 232 as compared with the first shielding portion 233a, and when the first movable valve 230 moves to the first position P1 closer to the outside. It is located above the upper opening of the first chamber 122a.

Further, as shown in FIG. 7, the through hole 32b is located in the central portion 122ca when the first movable valve 230 moves to the second position P2 near the center, and is above the upper opening of the first chamber 122a. The shielding portion 233a is located in.

A first pressure acting portion 233c is formed at an outer (X-axis positive direction side) end portion of the first valve mechanism portion 233. As shown in FIG. 6, when the water depth gauge 210 is in the atmosphere, atmospheric pressure (Fa) acts on the first pressure acting portion 233c of the first movable valve 230, and the first movable valve 30 has the first chamber 122a. Is located at the first position (P1) that communicates with the outside environment.

As shown in FIG. 7, when the water depth gauge 210 is in water, water pressure (Fc) acts on the first pressure acting portion 233c of the first movable valve 230, and the first movable valve 230 outside the first chamber 122a. It is located at the second position (P2) that shields the environment. The first chamber 122a of the water depth gauge 110 holds air and is maintained at the atmospheric pressure at the water surface position, and the second chamber 22b communicates with the outside environment (underwater) and the hydraulic Fc acts on it.

The method of measuring the water depth by the water depth gauge 210 is the same as the measurement method by the water depth gauges 10 and 110 described above. The water depth gauge 110 shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 is advantageous in terms of weight reduction because the first magnet 232 used for the first movable valve 230 can be miniaturized. Further, the water depth gauge 210 has the same effect on the common portion with the water depth gauges 10 and 110.

FIG. 8 is a conceptual diagram showing an example of the embodiment of the water depth gauge 10 described above. As shown in FIG. 8, the farm management system 80 measures the water level of the farm 70 and a measuring unit 50 having a water depth meter 10 for measuring the water level of the farm 70 such as a paddy field and an anemometer 52 for measuring the wind speed of the farm 70. It has a water level adjusting unit 60 for adjusting.

The measurement unit 50 of the farm management system 90 transmits the data of the farm 70 acquired by the water depth meter 10 or the anemometer 52 to the water level adjustment unit 60 using the transmission unit 54. The receiving unit 66 of the water level adjusting unit 60 supplies water to the farm 70 from the water storage unit 62 or discharges water from the farm 70 based on the data of the farm 70 transmitted from the measuring unit 50 and acquired by the receiving unit 66. The water level of the farm 70 can be adjusted by opening and closing the gate 64 for the purpose.

As described above, the water depth gauges 10, 110, 210 and the pressure detectors 20, 120, 220 according to the present invention have been described with reference to a plurality of embodiments, but the present invention is limited to these embodiments only. Needless to say, it has other embodiments and modifications. For example, regarding the types of differential pressure gauges used for the water depth gauges 10, 110, 210, the uses of the measured differential pressure and water depth values, the shapes of the housing portions 12, 120, etc., those shown in the embodiments are merely examples. It's just that.

10, 110, 210 ... Depth meter 20, 120, 220 ... Pressure detectors 22, 122 ... Housing parts 22a, 122a ... First chamber 22b, 122b ... Second chamber 22c, 122c ... Third chamber 22ca, 122ca ... Center Part 22cc, 122cc ... 1st side part 22cc ... 2nd side part 23a, 23b ... Stopper mechanism 24a ... 1st introduction port 24a ... 2nd introduction port 25 ... Partition part 26 ... Pressure measuring part 30, 230 ... 1st movable valve 32, 232 ... 1st magnet 233 ... Valve mechanism part 32a, 233a, 42a ... Shielding part 32b, 233b, 42b ... Through hole 32c, 233c ... 1st pressure acting part P1 ... 1st position P2 ... 2nd position 40 ... 2 Movable valves 42, 142 ... 2nd magnet 42c ... 2nd pressure action unit 80 ... Water depth calculation unit 60 ... Water level adjustment unit 62 ... Water storage unit 64 ... Gate 66 ... Receiver 70 ... Farm 50 ... Measurement unit 52 ... Anemometer 54 ... Transmitter Fa ... Atmospheric pressure Fb ... Repulsive force Fc ... Water pressure P3 ... 3rd position P4 ... 4th position

Claims (8)

A housing portion having a first chamber for holding air in water and a second chamber for introducing water in water.
A pressure measuring unit provided in a partition portion that separates the first chamber and the second chamber and measures the differential pressure between the first chamber and the second chamber.
Between a first position that has a first pressure acting part on which water pressure acts in water and communicates the first chamber with the outside environment and a second position that shields the first chamber with the outside environment. Has a first movable valve, which moves the
The first movable valve has a first magnet and has a first magnet.
The first magnet is provided so that the same pole sides face each other with respect to the second magnet provided in the housing portion.
When water pressure acts on the first pressure acting portion, the first movable valve approaches the first position by the first magnet approaching the second magnet against the repulsive force with the second magnet. Move to the second position from
When the water pressure does not act on the first pressure acting portion, the first movable valve moves away from the second magnet due to the repulsive force of the first magnet with the second magnet from the second position. A pressure detector that moves to the first position. The pressure detector according to claim 1, wherein the housing portion has a third chamber for movably accommodating the first movable valve. The pressure detector according to claim 2, wherein the third chamber is formed along a direction intersecting the direction in which air enters and exits the first chamber. The first magnet includes a shielding portion that shields the first chamber from the outside environment when the first movable valve moves to the second position, and when the first movable valve moves to the first position. The pressure detector according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising a through hole for communicating the first chamber with the outside environment. It has the second magnet and the second pressure acting part on which water pressure acts in water, and communicates the second chamber with the outside environment and the third position that shields the second chamber with respect to the outside environment. Further has a second movable valve that moves between and to a fourth position to allow
In the second movable valve, when water pressure acts on the second pressure acting portion, the second magnet approaches the first magnet against the repulsive force from the first magnet, so that the third position Move to the 4th position from
When the water pressure does not act on the second pressure acting portion, the second movable valve moves away from the first magnet due to the repulsive force from the first magnet from the fourth position. The pressure detector according to any one of claims 1 to 4, which moves to the third position. The first movable valve and the second movable valve are characterized in that the first pressure acting portion and the second pressure acting portion are arranged along a predetermined straight line so as to face each other in opposite directions. The pressure detector according to claim 5. The pressure detector according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the second magnet is fixed to the housing portion. The pressure detector according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
A water depth calculation unit that converts the differential pressure measured by the pressure measurement unit into water depth,
Depth meter with.

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