JP2021006747A - Thermal decomposition treatment method of refuse using organic substance thermal decomposition furnace - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a thermal decomposition treatment method of refuse using an organic substance thermal decomposition furnace capable of removing residual organic substances from inorganic substances by surely self-heating, when treating a large amount of flue gas (self-sustained combustion gas) by circulating self-sustained combustion gas generated in an incineration treating chamber of the organic substance thermal decomposition furnace back to the incineration treating chamber, without discharging the gas outside an incineration treating furnace.SOLUTION: Self-sustained combustion gas induced and discharged outside the heat treating part of an organic substance thermal decomposition furnace is cooled, and the treated self-sustained combustion gas with tar and odor removed therefrom is mixed with a predetermined amount of air and agitated to form mixed gases. The mixed gas is passed through a magnetic field and excited, and led into the heat treating part of the organic substance thermal decomposition furnace.SELECTED DRAWING: None

Description

The present invention relates to a method for thermally decomposing waste, and more specifically, by placing the waste in an incomplete combustion atmosphere while maintaining the waste in an atmosphere within a predetermined temperature range for a predetermined time. The present invention relates to a method for thermally decomposing waste using an extremely excellent organic pyrolysis furnace capable of self-combusting the flammable member of the above.

Conventionally, as a furnace for treating waste having a flammable member, for example, a furnace published in JP-A-2001-304520, a furnace published in JP-A-2012-2386, and a furnace published in JP-A-2016-1474776. Some are published in the gazette.
Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2001-304520 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2012-2386 JP-A-2016-144776

That is, the ones described in JP-A-2001-304520 are an inflow air limiting means for limiting the inflow amount of combustion air taken into the incineration chamber (incinerator) of a heat-resistant container (incinerator) and the combustion. An incinerator having a magnet means for magnetically treating the combustion air by forming a magnetic field on the air passage of the combustion air and an incinerator having a combustion gas discharge port on the wall of the incineration chamber. In the incinerator, the combustion air activated via the magnet means during use not only allows the combustion state to be continuously maintained even with a small amount of inflow of air, but also provides inflow air limiting means. By limiting the amount of combustion air through the incineration chamber, the temperature in the incineration chamber can be maintained at a low temperature of 700 ° C or less, and as a result, the production of dioxin generated by the combustion of waste can be suppressed. is there.

On the other hand, the waste may include various electronic boards (for example, personal computers, mobile phones, game machines, etc.).

In such various electronic substrates, not only useful precious metals such as gold, silver, and palladium but also ceramics are surrounded by a large amount of flammable members such as resin, which is useful from various electronic substrates in recent years. Although there is a recycling business to collect precious metals and ceramics, it is cost-effective to recover useful precious metals and ceramics from being surrounded by flammable materials. The current situation is that it cannot be said at all.

Therefore, in recent years, an attempt has been made to recover useful precious metals and ceramics from combustible members by incinerating various electronic substrates in an incinerator having the above configuration, and as described in JP2012-2386. In some heat source storage chambers, briquettes capable of generating heat and absorbing heat are placed as heat insulating materials.
According to such a heat insulating material, when the temperature inside the furnace rises, heat is absorbed from the surrounding atmosphere, and when the temperature inside the furnace drops, heat is dissipated to the surroundings to buffer the temperature change in the furnace and the temperature inside the furnace becomes a predetermined temperature. It is to keep it within the range.

That is, by keeping the temperature inside the furnace at a temperature at which the flammable members burn, thermally decompose, or fluidize, it is easy to separate useful precious metals and ceramics from the combustible members and recover them easily. However, the amount of flammable members such as resin used in various electronic substrates to be processed is not constant depending on the processing lot, etc. Therefore, heat is absorbed immediately in response to the instantaneous temperature change in the furnace. It is not possible to dissipate heat instantaneously, so-called time loss occurs, and it is extremely difficult to immediately equalize the temperature of the entire furnace with a certain volume (especially temperature unevenness in the vertical direction inside the furnace). Therefore, there has been a problem that can be said to be fatal for the purpose of recycling, such as useful noble metals recovered from various electronic substrates being fused at high temperature or oxidized.

Further, the briquette is obtained by powder-molding coal, and therefore, depending on the type of coal, not only when a sulfur odor or a mineral odor is generated, but also in the briquette shell after combustion, a small amount is derived from coal. It contains various harmful substances and heavy metals, and there has been a problem that it is necessary to dispose of carbonized particles contained in smoke exhaust as well as a place to dispose of used briquettes, so-called disposal cost. ..

Therefore, various incineration furnaces have been developed in order to solve the problems described in both of the publications, but those published in JP-A-2001-304520 and those published in JP-A-2012-2386. In any case, the self-burning gas itself is accompanied by an extremely large amount of smoke because the organic substances contained in the waste are self-burned and treated by putting the waste under incomplete combustion. As a result, there was the biggest problem that the smoke exhaust treatment required an extremely high equipment cost.

Therefore, as described in JP-A-2016-144776, the self-combustion gas generated in the incineration chamber (furnace) is returned to the incineration chamber (furnace) without being discharged to the outside from the incineration furnace. Although a decomposition device capable of treating a large amount of flue gas (self-combustion gas) generated by circulating and taking in it has been developed in recent years, the oxygen concentration of the self-combustion gas is extremely high if the treatment of flue gas (self-combustion gas) is prioritized. As a result, in the process of self-combusting and treating the organic matter contained in the waste by being placed under incomplete combustion, unevenness will occur in the self-combustion part of the organic matter, and in particular, the waste will be regarded as an organic matter. In the case of mixing with an inorganic substance, a fatal problem arises in the treatment of waste that the organic substance remaining without self-combustion cannot be removed from the inorganic substance.

However, the present invention is for solving the above problems, and the invention according to claim 1 is a step of raising the temperature of the heat treatment section in the organic pyrolysis pyrolysis furnace to a predetermined temperature via a heat source, and the above-mentioned step. By adjusting the amount of air introduced into the heat treatment section in the organic pyrolysis furnace, the waste stored in the heat treatment section is maintained in an atmosphere within a predetermined temperature range for a predetermined time, and the waste is not removed. The process of making the combustible members of waste self-combustible and taking out by placing them in a complete combustion atmosphere, and the hot and humid self-combustible gas generated when the combustible members of waste self-combustion are organic substances via an attracting means. A step of attracting and discharging to the outside of the heat treatment part of the pyrolysis furnace, a filter step of cooling the self-combustion gas attracted and discharged to the outside of the heat treatment part of the organic pyrolysis furnace and removing tar and odor, and tar through the filter step. Waste that does not emit the smoke of the self-combustion gas to the outside by providing a step of passing the treated self-combustion gas from which the odor and the like have been removed into a magnetic field, exciting it, and introducing it into the heat treatment section in the organic pyrolysis pyrolysis furnace again. A pyrolysis method, in which a predetermined amount of air is mixed and stirred with the self-combustible gas before the treated self-combustible gas from which tar, odor, etc. have been removed through the filter step is excited by passing through the magnetic field. It is a method for pyrolyzing waste using an organic pyrolysis furnace, which comprises a gas production process.

Further, the invention according to claim 2 is a first measuring unit for measuring the oxygen concentration of the self-combustible gas between the organic pyrolysis furnace and the filter step of the self-combustible gas attracted and discharged to the outside of the heat treatment unit in the organic pyrolysis furnace. Is provided, and a second measuring unit for measuring the oxygen concentration of the mixed gas in which the treated self-burning gas and air are mixed is provided between the mixed gas manufacturing process and the magnetic field. Waste using an organic pyrolysis furnace, which is characterized in that the amount of air mixed and stirred with the processed self-burning gas is constantly changed by arithmetically processing each measurement data obtained from the measuring unit and the second measuring unit. It is a thermal decomposition treatment method of.

Further, the invention according to claim 3 occurs in the filter step, that is, a step of collecting water generated by cooling a hot and humid self-combustion gas through a drain and storing it in a storage tank, and a step of storing the water in the storage tank. A secondary dehumidifying / cooling step is provided in which steam and the treated self-combustion gas having a high temperature and humidity remaining at the time of cooling are mixed and then dehumidified and cooled again. It is a processing method.

Further, according to the invention of claim 4, in the filter step, the hot and humid self-combustion gas is cooled through water, and the water for cooling the self-combustion gas is collected through a drain and collected in a storage tank. It is a method for thermally decomposing waste using an organic material pyrolysis furnace, which is characterized by being obtained from a step of circulating the stored water.

The method for thermally decomposing waste using the organic pyrolysis furnace according to claim 1 of the present invention includes a step of raising the temperature of the heat treatment section in the organic pyrolysis furnace to a predetermined temperature via a heat source, and the organic substance. By adjusting the amount of air introduced into the heat treatment section in the pyrolysis furnace, the waste stored in the heat treatment section is kept in an atmosphere within a predetermined temperature range for a predetermined time, and the waste is incomplete. By placing it in a combustion atmosphere, the combustible member of the waste can be self-combusted and taken out, and the hot and humid self-combustible gas generated when the combustible member of the waste self-combustes is attracted to organic heat. A step of attracting and discharging to the outside of the heat treatment part of the decomposition furnace, a filter step of cooling the self-combustion gas attracted and discharged to the outside of the heat treatment part of the organic pyrolysis furnace and removing tar and odor, and a step of removing tar and odor through the filter step. The heat of waste that does not emit the smoke of the self-combustion gas to the outside by providing a step of passing the treated self-combustion gas from which odors have been removed into a magnetic field, exciting it, and introducing it into the heat treatment section in the organic pyrolysis pyrolysis furnace again. A pyrolysis method, which is a mixed gas in which a predetermined amount of air is mixed and stirred with the self-combustion gas before the treated self-combustion gas from which tar, odor, etc. have been removed through the filter step is excited by passing through a magnetic field. It has a manufacturing process.

Therefore, a large amount of smoke (self-combustion) is generated by circulating and taking in the self-combustion gas generated in the heat treatment section (incineration chamber) so as to return it to the heat treatment section without discharging it from the heat treatment section of the organic pyrolysis furnace to the outside. Not only can the gas) be treated, but the treated self-combustion gas from which tar and odors have been removed passes through the magnetic field and is discarded in an incomplete combustion atmosphere by mixing and stirring with a predetermined amount of air before being excited. Even when an object is placed, it has the effect of being able to take in the minimum amount of oxygen necessary to maintain the combustion balance of self-combustion and evenly self-combust every corner of the organic substance.

Further, a first measuring unit for measuring the oxygen concentration of the self-combustible gas is provided between the organic thermal decomposition furnace and the filter step of the self-combustible gas attracted and discharged to the outside of the heat treatment unit in the organic thermal decomposition furnace, and the mixed gas Between the manufacturing process and the magnetic field, a second measuring unit for measuring the oxygen concentration of the mixed gas in which the treated self-burning gas and air are mixed is provided, and from the first measuring unit and the second measuring unit. By constantly changing the amount of air that is mixed and agitated with the processed self-burning gas by arithmetically processing each of the obtained measurement data, the temperature inside the heat treatment section in the organic thermal decomposition furnace is converted to the stored waste. Even if the material and amount of the organic substance (flammable member) used becomes unstable, it is only possible to minimize the time loss from the temperature change in the heat treatment section to the recovery to the originally required temperature. In particular, it has the effect of making it possible to immediately equalize the temperature at each location (for example, upper and lower) in the heat treatment section having a certain volume.

Further, the filter step includes a step of collecting water generated by cooling the hot and humid self-combustion gas through a drain and storing it in a storage tank, and a step of storing water vapor generated from the storage tank and the high temperature remaining at the time of cooling. By providing a secondary dehumidifying / cooling step of mixing with the humid treated self-combustion gas and then dehumidifying and cooling it again, it is included in the treated self-combustion gas that is stirred and mixed with air before being excited by passing through the magnetic field. By minimizing the amount of water vapor, it becomes possible to measure the amount of oxygen more accurately, and it is possible to maintain the self-combustion combustion balance of organic waste with high efficiency.

Further, in the filter step, the hot and humid self-combustion gas is cooled through water, and the water for cooling the self-combustion gas is collected through a drain and circulates the water stored in the storage tank. Since it is obtained from the above, it has the effect that the running cost of the organic pyrolysis furnace can be kept to the minimum necessary.

According to the method for thermally decomposing waste using an organic pyrolysis furnace in the present invention, a step of raising the temperature of the heat treatment section in the organic pyrolysis furnace to a predetermined temperature via a heat source and the organic pyrolysis furnace By adjusting the amount of air introduced into the heat treatment section, the waste stored in the heat treatment section is maintained in an atmosphere within a predetermined temperature range for a predetermined time, and the waste is kept in an incomplete combustion atmosphere. The process of making the combustible members of waste self-combustible and taking them out by placing them in the oven, and the hot and humid self-combustible gas generated when the combustible members of waste self-combustion are attracted to the organic pyrolysis furnace. A step of attracting and discharging to the outside of the heat treatment part, a filter step of cooling the self-combustion gas attracted and discharged to the outside of the heat treatment part of the organic pyrolysis furnace and removing tar and odor, and a filter step of removing tar and odor, etc. A method for thermally decomposing waste that does not emit the smoke of the self-combustion gas to the outside by providing a step of passing the removed treated self-combustion gas through a magnetic field, exciting it, and introducing it into the heat treatment section in the organic pyrolysis furnace again. A mixed gas manufacturing step of mixing and stirring a predetermined amount of air with the self-combustible gas before the treated self-combustible gas from which tar, odor, etc. have been removed through the filter step passes through the magnetic field and is excited. It is something that you have.

Therefore, a large amount of smoke (self-combustion) is generated by circulating and taking in the self-combustion gas generated in the heat treatment section (incineration chamber) so as to return it to the heat treatment section without discharging it from the heat treatment section of the organic pyrolysis furnace to the outside. Not only can the gas) be treated, but the treated self-combustion gas from which tar and odors have been removed passes through the magnetic field and is discarded in an incomplete combustion atmosphere by mixing and stirring with a predetermined amount of air before being excited. Even when an object is placed, it has the advantage of being able to take in the minimum amount of oxygen necessary to maintain the combustion balance of self-combustion and evenly self-combust every corner of the organic substance.

Further, a first measuring unit for measuring the oxygen concentration of the self-combustible gas is provided between the organic thermal decomposition furnace and the filter step of the self-combustible gas attracted and discharged to the outside of the heat treatment unit in the organic thermal decomposition furnace, and the mixed gas Between the manufacturing process and the magnetic field, a second measuring unit for measuring the oxygen concentration of the mixed gas in which the treated self-burning gas and air are mixed is provided, and from the first measuring unit and the second measuring unit. By constantly changing the amount of air that is mixed and agitated with the processed self-burning gas by arithmetically processing each of the obtained measurement data, the temperature inside the heat treatment section in the organic thermal decomposition furnace can be converted to the stored waste. Even if the material and amount of the organic material (flammable member) used becomes unstable, it is only possible to minimize the time loss from the temperature change in the heat treatment section to the recovery to the originally required temperature. In particular, there is an advantage that it is possible to immediately make the temperature uniform at each location (for example, upper and lower) in the heat treatment section having a certain volume.

Further, the filter step includes a step of collecting water generated by cooling the hot and humid self-combustion gas through a drain and storing it in a storage tank, and a step of storing water vapor generated from the storage tank and the high temperature remaining at the time of cooling. By providing a secondary dehumidifying / cooling step of mixing with the humid treated self-combustion gas and then dehumidifying and cooling it again, it is included in the treated self-combustion gas that is stirred and mixed with air before being excited by passing through the magnetic field. By minimizing the amount of water vapor, it is possible to measure the amount of oxygen more accurately, and there is an advantage that the self-combustion combustion balance of organic waste can be maintained with high efficiency.

Further, in the filter step, the hot and humid self-combustion gas is cooled through water, and the water for cooling the self-combustion gas is collected through a drain and circulates the water stored in the storage tank. Since it is obtained from the above, there is an advantage that the running cost of the organic pyrolysis furnace can be kept to the minimum necessary.

Thus, the organic pyrolysis furnace for carrying out the method for thermally decomposing waste using the organic pyrolysis furnace of the present invention, the heat treatment section, and the hot and humid self-combustible gas of the organic pyrolysis furnace via an attracting means. The tar and odor were removed through the process of attracting and discharging to the outside of the heat treatment part, the filter step of cooling the self-burning gas attracted and discharged to the outside of the heat treatment part of the organic pyrolysis furnace and removing tar and odor, etc. Specific members, materials, structures, devices, etc. used in the process of passing the treated self-burning gas through a magnetic field, exciting it, and introducing it into the heat treatment section in the organic pyrolysis pyrolysis furnace are also arbitrarily specified within the scope of the present invention. Needless to say, the design can be changed freely.

The present invention relates to a method for thermally decomposing waste, and more specifically, by placing the waste in an incomplete combustion atmosphere while maintaining the waste in an atmosphere within a predetermined temperature range for a predetermined time. The present invention relates to a method for thermally decomposing waste using an extremely excellent organic thermal decomposition furnace capable of self-combustion and retrievably processing the flammable member of the above.

Claims (4)

It is stored in the heat treatment section by adjusting the step of raising the temperature of the heat treatment section in the organic pyrolysis furnace to a predetermined temperature via a heat source and adjusting the amount of air introduced into the heat treatment section in the organic pyrolysis furnace. A process of maintaining the waste in an atmosphere within a predetermined temperature range for a predetermined time and placing the waste in an incomplete combustion atmosphere so that the combustible member of the waste can be self-combusted and taken out. The process of attracting and discharging the hot and humid self-combustible gas generated when the combustible member of the waste burns to the outside of the heat treatment part of the organic pyrolysis furnace via an attracting means and the process of attracting and discharging it to the outside of the heat treatment part of the organic pyrolysis furnace. A filter step that cools the self-combustion gas and removes tar and odors, and a processed self-combustion gas from which tar and odors have been removed through the filter step is passed through a magnetic field to excite and re-excite the organic pyrolysis furnace. It is a method of pyrolyzing waste that does not emit the smoke of self-combustion gas to the outside by providing a step of introducing it into the heat treatment section inside, and the treated self-combustion from which tar, odor, etc. are removed through the filter process. Pyrolysis of waste using an organic pyrolysis furnace, which comprises a mixed gas production process in which a predetermined amount of air is mixed and stirred with a self-combustible gas before the gas passes through a magnetic field and is excited. Processing method. A first measuring unit for measuring the oxygen concentration of the self-combustible gas is provided between the organic thermal decomposition furnace of the self-combustible gas attracted and discharged to the outside of the heat treatment unit in the organic thermal decomposition furnace and the filter step, and the mixed gas production Between the step and the magnetic field, a second measuring unit for measuring the oxygen concentration of the mixed gas in which the treated self-burning gas and air are mixed is provided, and moreover, it is obtained from the first measuring unit and the second measuring unit. Thermal decomposition treatment of waste using the organic thermal decomposition furnace according to claim 1, wherein the amount of air mixed and stirred with the processed self-burning gas is constantly changed by arithmetically processing each of the measured measurement data. Method. The filter step includes a step of collecting water generated by cooling the hot and humid self-combustion gas through a drain and storing it in a storage tank, and a step of storing water vapor generated from the storage tank and the high temperature and humidity remaining during the cooling. The method for thermally decomposing waste using an organic thermal decomposition furnace according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a secondary dehumidifying and cooling step of mixing with the treated self-combustion gas and then dehumidifying and cooling is provided. .. In the filter step, the hot and humid self-combustion gas is cooled through water, and the water for cooling the self-combustion gas is collected through a drain and circulates the water stored in the storage tank. The method for thermally decomposing waste using the organic material pyrolysis furnace according to claim 3, wherein the method is obtained from