JP2021005039A - Optical device and lighting device - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide an optical device that outputs Lambertian distribution light as a linear or rectangular light the luminous intensity distribution of which is close to uniform and which is suitable for the lighting of an area.SOLUTION: The optical device comprises: a first reflection surface arranged so as to reflect at least a portion of a first light incident along a first axis and having such a light distribution characteristic as being equipped with an optical axis parallel to the first axis to an approximately circular arc first range around the first axis, the first reflection surface including a plurality of reflection arc surfaces divided in a direction along the first axis; a second and a third reflection surface intersecting the first axis and arranged so as to sandwich the first reflection surface; and a light-transmissive emission surface for deflecting at least some of the lights reflected by the plurality of reflection arc surfaces and outputting it to the periphery of the first axis, the cross section of the emission surface along the first axis including a cyclically recessed and projected pattern.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 15

Description

The present invention relates to an optical device suitable for illuminating a region having a predetermined shape such as a line shape or a square shape, and an illuminating device using the same.

Patent Document 1 describes providing an illuminating device capable of forming a long linear irradiation range with a small number of light source modules. The lighting device of Patent Document 1 includes four light source units arranged in two rows. Each light source unit is composed of a pair of light source modules. In the light source module, the divergent light of the light emitting element is radiated to the front of the substrate through the light source lens, first emitted light, refracted through the light source lens, and then reflected by the second reflector to the front of the substrate. It distributes light to the second emitted light that is emitted. In the light source unit, the substrates of the two light source modules are arranged back to back with sharp angles, and the light source unit is a line having a constant width extending at an angle between the substrate of one light source module and the substrate of the other light source module. Forming a light source. Therefore, a long linear irradiation range can be obtained by the lighting device.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2012-074278

The light emitted from the LED basically has a lumbar cyan light distribution, which is a light distribution pattern having the highest (largest) light intensity on the optical axis. Therefore, when an attempt is made to illuminate a long linear irradiation range with a small number of or concentrated lighting devices, a large number of LEDs are centrally arranged and the angles of a large number of optical axes are changed to disperse them along the line to be illuminated. The light distribution is distributed by performing different complicated processing for the light that illuminates the end side of the line and the light that illuminates the center side of the line with respect to the optical axis set so as to intersect the line diagonally. Need to be controlled. Therefore, there is a demand for an optical device capable of easily converting the Lumbarsian light distribution into light having a light distribution suitable for illuminating a region having a predetermined shape such as a line shape or a square shape.

One aspect of the present invention is to make at least a part of the first light having a light distribution characteristic having an optical axis parallel to the first axis incident along the first axis around the first axis. A first reflecting surface arranged so as to reflect in a substantially arc-shaped first range of the above, and includes a plurality of reflecting arc surfaces divided in a direction along a first axis. And a second reflecting surface and a third reflecting surface which intersect with each other on the first axis and are arranged so as to sandwich the first reflecting surface, and at least a part of the light reflected by the plurality of reflecting arc surfaces. An optical device having a translucent exit surface that is refracted and output around the first axis, and has an exit surface whose cross section in the direction along the first axis includes a periodic uneven shape. ..

One of the further different aspects of the present invention is a lighting device having the above-mentioned optical device and a light source for outputting the first light.

In the optical device of the present invention, the light incident along the first axis (first light) is transmitted to the first axis by the first reflecting surface arranged in an arc shape around the first axis. It is reflected in the direction perpendicular to and parallelized, and the light is refracted on the exit surface and output as illumination light. Therefore, the light of the lumbar cyan light distribution can be converted into a light distribution suitable for the area to be illuminated such as a line shape or a square shape and emitted.

The perspective view which shows an example of a lighting apparatus. The figure which shows the example which attached the lighting device to the ceiling. FIG. 3A shows the projection unit from the front (irradiation direction), and FIG. 3B shows the projection unit from the Z-axis direction. The figure which shows the projection unit divided. Sectional drawing which shows the structure of an optical element. FIG. 6A is a diagram showing a light distribution of incident light, and FIG. 6B is a diagram schematically showing how incident light is reflected by a reflecting surface 31 of an optical element 11. The figure which shows the example of the light distribution of the emitted light. Sectional drawing which shows an example of a different lighting device. The figure which shows the example of lighting by a lighting device. The figure which shows the other example of illuminating by a lighting device. The figure which shows another example of light leakage by a lighting device. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a further different lighting device. It is a figure which shows an example of the further different lighting apparatus, FIG. 13A is a side view, and FIG. 13B is a plan view. The figure which expands and shows a lighting device as an element. Sectional view of the lighting device. The figure which shows how light is processed in a lighting apparatus. The figure which shows the intake efficiency of the light from the light source of a lighting device. It is an example which shows the relationship between the area to be illuminated and an optical element, FIG. 18A is a plan view, and FIG. 18B is a figure which shows the cross section of an optical element. 19 (a) is a plan view, and FIGS. 19 (b) and 19 (c) are views showing a cross section of the optical element, which are different examples showing the relationship between the illuminated area and the optical element. These are different examples showing the relationship between the illuminated area and the optical element. FIG. 20 (a) shows a narrow light distribution optical element, FIG. 20 (b) shows a wide light distribution optical element, and FIG. 20 (c) shows a circular shape. The figure which shows the example of the optical element suitable for an illumination area. Different examples showing the relationship between the illuminated area and the optical element, FIG. 21 (a) shows an optical element suitable for illuminating a U-shaped area, and FIG. 21 (b) shows an optical suitable for illuminating a V-shaped area. The element, FIG. 21C, is a diagram showing a cross section of an optical element suitable for illuminating an L-shaped region. The perspective view which shows an example of the further different lighting apparatus. FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a state in which the heat radiating portion is removed from the lighting device shown in FIG. The figure which shows the expanded state of the lighting apparatus shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows an example of a further different lighting apparatus, FIG. 25 (a) is a side view, and FIG. 25 (b) is a plan view. The figure which expands and shows a lighting device as an element. Sectional view of the lighting device. The side view which shows the optical element extracted. A side view showing the optical element divided into parts. It is a figure which shows the optical element developed into a part, FIG. 30 (a) is a figure which shows from the side of an exit surface, FIG. 30 (b) is a figure which shows from the inner upper side, and FIG. The perspective view which shows an example of the further different lighting apparatus. 32 (a) is a side view of the lighting device, and FIG. 32 (b) is a plan view of the lighting device. Sectional view of the lighting device. The figure which shows the lighting device expanded into a part. The perspective view which shows an example of the further different lighting apparatus. 36 (a) is a side view of the lighting device, and FIG. 36 (b) is a plan view of the lighting device. Sectional view of the lighting device. The figure which shows the lighting device expanded into a part.

FIG. 1 shows an example of a lighting device suitable for illuminating a square area. The lighting device 1 has a projection unit 5 that projects or projects light (luminous flux) 3 controlled to illuminate a square or line-shaped region 2 such as a tabletop 19 forward, and a square that houses the projection unit 5. The housing 4 and the driver circuit 8 for driving the LED 6 as the light source of the projection unit 5 are included. The projection unit 5 has a substantially fan-shaped plan view (shape seen in the XY plane orthogonal to the Z-axis 12) spread in an arc shape around the central axis (first axis, Z-axis) 12 in an arc shape. An optical device (optical system) 10 including a columnar, rod-shaped or cylindrical lens-shaped and translucent optical element 11, and an LED 6 that injects source light (first light) 7 from one end surface of the optical element 11. including.

As shown in FIG. 2, by mounting the lighting device 1 on the ceiling 9, it is possible to concentrate and illuminate a rectangular or line-shaped elongated region 2 such as a tabletop. The object to be illuminated is not limited to a tabletop as long as it is a square or elongated area, and may be a wall, a signboard or a poster indoors or outdoors, and the lighting device 1 can concentrate and illuminate those square or elongated areas 2. .. The optical device 10 includes an optical element 11 extending along a first axis 12 which is the center of the fan shape, and reflecting members 21 and 22 arranged so as to sandwich the optical element 11 in a columnar shape having a substantially fan shape in a plan view. including.

FIG. 3 shows the projection unit 5 including the optical device 10 extracted from the lighting device 1. FIG. 3A is a perspective view of the projection unit 5 viewed from the projection side (front) 19, and FIG. 3B is a perspective view of the projection unit 5 viewed from the side opposite to the projection side 19. Further, FIG. 4 shows the projection unit 5 and the optical device 10 in an expanded manner.

As shown in FIG. 4, the optical device 10 has a shape (plan view) viewed in a plane (XY plane) orthogonal to the Z axis 12 around the first axis (Z axis) 12 which is the central axis. Includes an optical element 11 having a substantially fan shape widened at an angle θ (central angle θ, opening angle θ) and made of a translucent member, for example, acrylic resin or glass. The entire optical element 11 is a columnar shape extending along the Z-axis 12, and one end of the Z-axis 12 (bottom side, minus direction of the Z-axis) is an opening 13 on the side (inside) of the Z-axis 12. The cavity 14 is formed, and the surface (emission surface) 15 of the projection side (front, outer side) 19 on the opposite side is substantially arcuate. The optical device 10 further includes reflective members 21 and 22 arranged so as to sandwich the optical element 11. The reflective members 21 and 22 include reflective surfaces 23 and 24 on the side facing the optical element 11. The reflecting surface (second reflecting surface) 23 and the reflecting surface (third reflecting surface) 24 are reflecting surfaces arranged so as to intersect with each other on the Z axis 12 and sandwich the optical element 11.

As shown in a cross section in FIG. 5, the optical element 11 is a cylindrical lens including a cavity 14 formed inside along the Z-axis 12, from the side of the opening 13 of the cavity 14 to the Z-axis 12. A multi-stage inner surface (transmission / reflection surface) 16 in which transmission surfaces and reflection surfaces are alternately arranged along the line is included. The inner surface 16 of the optical element 11 is a plurality of concentric fan-shaped transmission surfaces arranged in stages from the side opposite to the opening 13 toward the opening 13, that is, from the positive side to the negative side of the Z axis 12. 32 and an arc-shaped reflecting surface (first reflecting surface) 31 divided into a plurality of parts by these transparent surfaces 32 so as to be inclined at an acute angle with respect to the XY plane along the Z axis 12. Includes a widened first reflective surface 31. The inner surface 16 of the optical element 11 is arranged in order so that the inner diameter 16r gradually expands from the side opposite to the opening 13 toward the opening 13, that is, from the positive side to the negative side of the Z axis 12. A plurality of concentric arc-shaped fan-shaped transparent surfaces 32 are included. As another embodiment, a transmission surface arranged so that the inner diameter 16r is gradually reduced from the plus side to the minus side of the Z axis 12 may be included, and the same or substantially the same shape in a concentric arc shape may be included. It may include a plurality of fan-shaped transparent surfaces.

Specifically, in the optical element 11 of this example, the first reflecting surface 31 is from the side opposite to the opening 13 (upper side, Z-axis plus direction) toward the opening 13, that is, the plus side of the Z-axis 12. From to the minus side, six reflecting surfaces (fourth to fourth) divided by six transmitting surfaces (first to sixth transmitting surfaces) 32a to 32f perpendicular to the Z axis 12 and parallel to the XY plane. Ninth reflective surface) 31a to 31f are included. That is, the optical elements 11 have six transmission surfaces (first to sixth transmission surfaces) 32a to 32f and six reflection surfaces (third reflection surfaces) arranged alternately from the plus side to the minus side of the Z axis 12. 4th to 9th reflective surfaces) 31a to 31f are included. The optical element 11 further includes an arcuate transparent surface 33 formed around the Z axis 12 on the side of the most opening 13.

Therefore, the optical elements 11 are arranged intermittently along the first axis (Z axis) 12, and are sequentially arranged from the side opposite to the opening 13 so that the inner diameter 16r gradually expands toward the opening 13. The first transmission surface 32a, the second transmission surface 32b and the third transmission surface 32c, and the first transmission surface 32a, the second transmission surface 32b and the third transmission surface 32c are arranged in a concentric arc shape. The arc-shaped fourth reflecting surface 31a, the fifth reflecting surface 31b, and the sixth reflecting surface 31c, which are arranged so as to be inclined at a sharp angle on the opposite side of the opening 13, are included.

More specifically, the first transmission surface 32a farthest from the opening 13 is a fan-shaped transmission surface centered on the Z axis 12. The fourth reflecting surface 31a farthest from the opening 13 is arranged so as to reflect the light transmitted through the first transmitting surface 32a within a range (first range) of an arcuate angle θ of 18 around the Z axis 12. It is a surface that has been made. The fourth reflection surface 31a is a reflection inclined with respect to the XY plane so as to form a substantially fan-shaped inverted truncated cone with the Z axis 12 as the center on the side opposite to the opening 13 of the first transmission surface 32a. It is a surface and reflects light 7 on the optical axis 7a parallel to the Z axis 12 in a direction 19 orthogonal to the Z axis 12. The fifth reflecting surface 31b is between the inner side 32b1 of the second transmitting surface 32b and the outer side 32a2 of the first transmitting surface 32a so as to reflect the light 7 transmitted through the second transmitting surface 32b. It is an arranged arc-shaped reflecting surface. The sixth reflecting surface 31c is between the inner side 32c1 of the third transmitting surface 32c and the outer side 32b2 of the second transmitting surface 32b so as to reflect the light 7 transmitted through the third transmitting surface 32c. It is an arranged arc-shaped reflecting surface. The seventh reflecting surface 31d and the eighth reflecting surface 31e are similarly configured with respect to the fourth transmitting surface 32d and the fifth transmitting surface 32e.

The outer surface 15 of the optical element 11 may be a cylindrical surface, but in this example, the outer surface 15 corresponds to the reflection surfaces 31a to 31f and the transmission surface 33, and has seven regions 15a to 7 along the Z axis 12. It is divided into 15g. These regions 15a to 15g of the outer surface 15 are optimized as a toric surface-like free curved surface so as to more evenly output the light reflected by the reflecting surfaces 31a to 31f and the light transmitted through the transmitting surface 33.

The optical device (optical system, optical system) 10 has a cylindrical lens-shaped optical element 11 having a substantially fan-shaped plan view on the side surfaces 17a and 17b of the second reflecting surface 23 and the third reflecting surface of the reflecting members 21 and 22. 24 are attached so as to be in close contact with each other.

As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the projection unit 5 of the lighting device 1 includes an optical device 10 and a substrate 6a attached to an opening 13 of the optical element 11. An LED 6 is mounted on the substrate 6a, and a first reflecting surface 31 is provided from the opening 13 to the inside 14 of the optical element 11 along the Z axis 12 so as to be parallel to the Z axis 12. Light 7 for illumination is incident toward. The first reflecting surface 31 composed of the divided reflecting surfaces 31a to 31f Z the light (first light) 7 for illumination having a light distribution characteristic provided with an optical axis 7a parallel to the Z axis 12. It is arranged so as to reflect in the first range of the central angle θ of 18 around the shaft 12. The optical device 10 has a first reflecting surface 31 and a second reflecting surface and a third reflecting surface that intersect with each other on the Z axis 12 and are arranged so as to sandwich the first reflecting surface 31. The second reflecting surface 23 reflects the first light 7 in the direction of the first reflecting surface 31 around the Z axis 12, and the third reflecting surface 24 is different from the second reflecting surface 23. The light 7 from the LED 6 is reflected in the opposite direction around the Z axis 12.

Therefore, the optical device 10 transmits the light 7 emitted from the LED 6 as a light source along the Z-axis 12 at the second reflecting surface 23 and the third reflecting surface 24 that intersect at the central angle θ on the Z-axis 12. , Reflect (fold) each other in the direction of the first reflecting surface 31 in the range of the angle θ. The optical device 10 further reflects and outputs the light in the direction perpendicular to the Z axis 12 in the range of the angle θ around the Z axis 12 by the first reflecting surface 31.

The second reflecting surface 23 and the third reflecting surface 24 may be arranged so that the light 7 from the LED 6 can be folded within the range of the angle θ, and may be arranged at least in the vicinity of the LED 6. These reflecting surfaces 23 and 24 may be arranged so as to intersect the first reflecting surface 31, so that the light 7 from the LED 6 can be efficiently leaked so that the light 7 does not leak from the first reflecting surface 31. Can be folded in the direction.

In FIG. 6, the optical element 11 of the optical device 10 reflects the light (incident light) 7 incident along the Z-axis 12 by the first reflecting surface 31 and emits the light in the direction 19 orthogonal to the Z-axis 12. The state of being done is schematically shown. As shown in FIG. 6A, the light 7 output from the LED (light source) 6 has a Lambersian light distribution centered on the optical axis 7a. The components around the optical axis 7a of the light 7 are reflected by the second reflecting surface 23 and the third reflecting surface 24 in the direction of the fan-shaped optical element 11 having a central angle θ. Further, as shown in FIG. 6B, the components of the light distribution angle φ of the light 7 with respect to the optical axis 7a are the plurality of transmission surfaces 32a to 32f of the optical element 11 and the first reflection divided into a plurality of parts. The surfaces 31a to 31f are divided into a plurality of groups (luminous flux), and the luminous flux 71 reflected by each group is output in the direction 19 orthogonal to the optical axis 7a. The reflected light 71 is output as illumination light 3 through the exit surface 15 on the outer surface of the optical element 11. Further, the component having a large light distribution angle φ of the light 7 output from the LED 6 is output in the direction 19 orthogonal to the optical axis 7a via the transmission surface 33 near the opening 13 of the optical element 11.

Therefore, in this optical device 10, the light 7 having the Lambersian light distribution is directed by the first reflecting surface 31, the second reflecting surface 23, and the third reflecting surface 24 in a direction orthogonal to the optical axis 7a. It can be converted into illumination light 3 having a light distribution suitable for illuminating a line-shaped or square-shaped region by reflecting in an arc shape on 19. Further, the first reflecting surface 31 reflects the light in the direction 19 orthogonal to the optical axis 7a, and converts the light 7 in the direction orthogonal to the optical axis 7a so that the light distribution angle φ is around the optical axis 7a. It is possible to extend the portion of the Lambersian light distribution that changes in light intensity from one end to the other in a line-like or square-shaped light distribution. For example, it is possible to extend the light (luminous flux) having the highest luminous intensity on the optical axis 7a from one end to the other in a linear or rectangular light distribution. Further, for this reason, by controlling the curvature or inclination of the first reflecting surface and controlling the luminous intensity in the width direction of the linear or rectangular shape, the linear or rectangular light distribution having a more uniform luminous intensity distribution can be obtained. Obtainable.

7 (a) and 7 (b) show an example of the light distribution in the horizontal direction (horizontal direction) of the light 3 output from the projection unit 5. FIG. 7A is an example of the light distribution when the cross section orthogonal to the first axis of the outer surface 15 of the optical element 11 is a true arc, and FIG. 7B is the first aspect of the outer surface 15. This is an example of the light distribution when the cross section orthogonal to the axis is a free curved surface. By using the optical device 10, the light 7 having the Lambersian light distribution distributed from the LED 6 can be converted into the light 3 having a substantially uniform luminous intensity distribution in the horizontal direction and output. By optimizing the outer surface 15 using a free curved surface, an aspherical surface, or the like, it is possible to make the distribution of the light 3 output from the optical device 10 uniform.

In FIG. 8, at least a part of the first light having a light distribution characteristic having an optical axis parallel to the first axis, which is incident along the first axis, is taken around the first axis. Another example of a lighting device that reflects in the first range of substantially arcuate shape is shown using a cross section. The projection unit 5a of the lighting device 1a has a continuous first reflecting surface 31 having a substantially fan-shaped plan view, a second reflecting surface (not shown) arranged so as to sandwich the first reflecting surface 31, and a second reflecting surface (not shown). The optical device 10a including the reflecting surface 24 of 3 is included. Also in this projection unit 5a, the optical device 10a converts the light 7 input in the direction of the Z-axis 12 from the LED 6 into the direction 19 orthogonal to the Z-axis 12, and the light 3 has a luminous intensity substantially uniform in the horizontal direction. Can be converted and output.

On the other hand, in the optical device 10a of the projection unit 5a, by adopting the continuous first reflecting surface 31, the area occupied by the first reflecting surface 31 is expanded, and it is difficult to compactly organize the device. On the other hand, in the optical device 10 using the cylindrical optical element 11, the first reflecting surface 31 is divided into a plurality of parts like a Fresnel lens, and a plurality of total reflecting surfaces 31a to 31f are inside the cylindrical lens. It can be implemented as. That is, the optical device 10 is divided in a direction along the Z-axis (first axis) 12, and the light (first light) 7 from the LED 6 is orthogonal to the Z-axis 12 at 18 around the Z-axis 12. A plurality of reflecting surfaces 31a to 31f that reflect on 19 are included. Further, the optical device 10 includes the plurality of reflecting surfaces 31a to 31f inside, and the inner surface 16 corresponds to the plurality of reflecting surfaces 31a to 31f and the plurality of reflecting surfaces 31a to 31f, respectively. Includes an optical element 11 that is multi-stage including and has a fan-shaped cross section perpendicular to the Z-axis (first axis) 12.

Therefore, it is possible to provide a compact optical device 10 and a compact lighting device 1 using the same. Further, the optical element 11 includes a plurality of reflecting surfaces 31a to 31f and a plurality of outer surface 15 regions (exiting surfaces) 15a to 15f corresponding thereto. Therefore, it is possible to optimize the plurality of reflecting surfaces and the emitting surfaces for the light reflected and transmitted by them, respectively, and the light intensity distribution in the horizontal direction becomes more uniform light 3. An optical device 10 that converts and outputs is provided.

Each of the plurality of emission surfaces 15a to 15f provided corresponding to the plurality of reflection surfaces 31a to 31f of the optical element 11 typically has a curved cross section in the direction along the Z axis 12. It is a toric surface containing. Further, the plurality of emission surfaces 15a to 15f can be arbitrarily designed, and may include a portion whose cross section perpendicular to the Z axis 12 is non-circular.

As described above, the optical element 11 of the optical device 10 has a light distribution characteristic having an optical axis 7a parallel to the first axis 12 that is incident inside along the first axis (Z axis) 12. Includes at least one first reflecting surface 31 arranged to reflect at least a portion of the light 7 of 1 in a first range of substantially arcuate angles θ around the first axis 12. Specifically, the optical element 11 has a plurality of reflection surfaces (reflection arc surfaces) 31a to 31f divided in a direction along the first axis 12 and a plurality of reflection surfaces, which function as the first reflection surface 31. It includes a translucent outer surface (emission surface) 15 that refracts at least a part of the light 71 reflected by the arc surfaces 31a to 31f and outputs it as illumination light 3 around the first axis 12. Therefore, in the optical element 11, the traveling direction (optical axis) of the first light 7 having the optical axis 7a parallel to the first axis 12 is different from that of the first axis 12, that is, the first in the above example. A first reflecting surface 31 that converts the light in a direction orthogonal to the axis 12 of the above, and a refracting surface that converts the optical axis and / or the light distribution distribution as the illumination light 3 by refracting and outputting the reflected light 71. Includes an exit surface 15 that functions as a lens). Therefore, as compared with the optical device 1a that controls the light distribution of the illumination light 3 only by the reflecting surface 31 as shown in FIG. 8, there are two controls of the emission direction and / or the light distribution of the illumination light 3. Since the elements are included, it is easy to control the spread and distribution of the illumination light 3, and it is easy to output the illumination light 3 having a more uniform light distribution.

In the above optical element 11, a plurality of total reflections (TIRs) in which a plurality of arc surfaces 31a to 31f constituting the first reflection surface 31 and a plurality of transmission surfaces 32a to 32f are combined on the inner surface 16 respectively. A prism is arranged, and the outer surface 15 is provided with exit surfaces 15a to 15f corresponding to the arc surfaces 31a to 31f, and the first reflection surface 31 and the outer surface 15 functioning as a refraction surface are integrated. Further, corresponding to the arc surfaces 31a to 31f serving as the TIR lens surface, the outer surface 15 is divided into a plurality of emission surfaces 15a to 15f to form a toric surface, and a surface for controlling the light distribution around the Z axis 12 is formed. It is easy to introduce, and it is possible to provide the illumination light 3 having a more uniform light distribution.

Further, in the optical device 10, the optical element 11 that controls the direction and spread of the illumination light 3 using the first light 7 intersects with the optical element 11 on the first axis (Z axis) 12 and is a first reflecting surface. By providing the second reflecting surface 23 and the third reflecting surface 24 arranged so as to sandwich the optical element 11 including the 31, the first light 7 having a spread in the 360-degree direction (entire circumference direction) is optically used. The element 11 can be focused (folded or folded) within a range that can be processed by the first reflecting surface 31, and the light 7 output from the LED 6 as a light source can be efficiently focused in a desired direction and range. Can be output as.

FIG. 9A shows an example in which the light 3 from the lighting device 1 provided with the projection unit 5 is projected onto the screen. As shown in FIG. 9B, it was found that a plurality of light leaks 81 to 84 were generated above and below the square illumination region 2. According to the experiments by the inventors, it was found that the arcuate light leakage 81 to 83 is caused by stray light due to surface reflection on the transmission surface 33 and the emission surface 15g of the lowermost layer of the optical element 11. The optical element 11 includes a surface that transmits a part of light 7 in a direction 19 orthogonal to the Z axis 12 at the lowermost stage of the multi-stage inner surface 16 on the most incident side, and is the most of the light 7 having a Lambertian light distribution. A component having a large light distribution angle φ can be output in the direction 19 orthogonal to the Z axis 12. Therefore, an arc-shaped light is provided by providing an antireflection layer on at least one of the inner surface 33 and the outer surface (exit surface) 15 g of the lowermost stage of the translucent optical element 11, or by performing diffusion processing, for example, embossing. Leakage 81-83 can be suppressed.

According to the experiments of the inventors, it was found that the angular light leakage 84 was caused by the internal reflection on the side surfaces 17a and 17b of the optical element 11. Therefore, light leakage 84 can be prevented by applying transmission prevention or diffusion processing to the end faces 17a and 17b arranged on both sides of the optical element 11 in the direction around the Z axis 12. Specifically, the light leakage 84 can be prevented by painting the end faces 17a and 17b in black or providing a textured surface.

FIG. 10 shows an example in which the light 3 from the lighting device 1 using the optical element 11 with these measures is projected onto the screen. Almost no light leakage was observed, and it can be seen that the above measures suppressed the light leakage.

FIG. 11A shows an example of the stray light 85 that may appear around the lighting device 1, for example, the ceiling 9. It is considered that the stray light 85 is caused by the reflected light on the reflecting surface 31 and the transmitting surface 32 of the inner surface 16 of the optical element 11.

FIG. 12 shows an example of different lighting devices 1b. In the lighting device 1b, a plurality of louvers (shielding plates) arranged at the boundary of each layer (region) 15a to 15g in front 19 of the outer surface (exiting surface) 15 of the optical element 11 of the lighting device 1 described above. ) 90 is included. The louver 90 is a plate-shaped member extending from the outer surface 15 of the optical element 11 to the front 19 in parallel with the exit direction, that is, in parallel with the XY plane. As shown in FIG. 11B, stray light 85 was hardly observed in the lighting device 1b provided with the louver 90.

With the louver 90, the illumination light 3 output from the outer surface 15 of the optical element 11 can be further parallelized, and the influence of the divergent light generated by the stray light inside the optical element 11 can be suppressed. In the lighting device 1b, a plurality of louvers 90 are distributed and arranged in the Z-axis direction in units of 15a to 15 g for each layer, but they may be arranged in a plurality of layers, and there is no relationship with the layers and the Z-axis. It may be arranged at predetermined intervals in the direction. The distance between the plurality of louvers 90 and the amount (length) of protrusion from the outer surface 15 of the optical element 11 are the parallelism of the illumination light 3 required for illuminating the illumination region 2 and the outer surface 15 of the optical element 11 which becomes stray light. It can be determined by the intensity and spread (angle) of the divergent light from. An example of the length of the louver 90 is to make it about the same as the radius (distance from the optical axis to the outer surface) of the optical element 11. If the distance between the louvers 90 is too narrow, it tends to cause uneven brightness at the illumination destination, and if the distance between the louvers 90 is too wide, for example, if it is installed only on the top and bottom, the influence of stray light is prevented. Hateful. Therefore, it is a preferable example to provide the louvers 90 at intervals of 15a to 15g for each layer.

As described above, the lighting device 1 includes a rotating lens (reflector, transmissive member, optical element) 11, and the optical element 11 is a cylinder that opens in a fan shape (a cylinder lacking a part of an angle). A rotating body), the space 14 surrounded by a surface parallel to the side surfaces 17a and 17b of the optical element 11 and an incident surface (opening) 13 of the optical element 11 is a reflecting surface 23 on a surface parallel to the side surfaces 17a and 17b. And 24. An LED 6 serving as a light source is arranged inside the intersection (Z axis) 12 of the surfaces 23 and 24. Therefore, the LED 6 as a light source is arranged at a position eccentric from the rotation axis (central axis, Z axis) 12 inside the cylindrical optical element 11, but the light 7 from the LED 6 is emitted by the reflecting surfaces 23 and 24. Light 3 is output from the optical element 11 so that it is folded and the light source is on the Z-axis 12.

The optical element 11 includes an exit surface 15a to 15g of the arc portion. Further, the optical element 11 includes a transmitting portion (curved surface inner wall) 33 on the bottom surface side (opening 13 side) of the inside (inner surface) 16 and a total reflection surface on the upper surface side (optical axis direction, opposite to the opening 13). Includes 31a to 31f. The total reflection surfaces 31a to 31f are inner walls of inclined surfaces (Total Internal Reflectin), and emit illumination light 3 aligned in a direction perpendicular to the Z-axis 12 and the optical axis 7a around the Z-axis 12. The exit surfaces 15a to 15g of the arc portion of the optical element 11 have a curved surface having a lens function. Therefore, in the cross section of the optical element 11 cut in the direction along the optical axis direction 7a, the total reflection surfaces 31a to 31f of the reflecting portion have a straight line or a curved surface, and the exit surfaces 15a to 15g also have a straight line or a curved surface.

Therefore, the optical device 10 efficiently and more evenly converts the light 7 from the light source (LED) 6 into a line-shaped or square-shaped light distribution. Therefore, by using the optical device 10, it is possible to provide the lighting device 1 capable of illuminating a line-shaped or square region more evenly and brightly.

FIG. 13A shows a side surface of a different lighting device 1c, and FIG. 13B shows a state in which the lighting device 1c is viewed from above. Further, FIG. 14 shows a state in which the lighting device 1c is expanded into the elements constituting the lighting device 1c, and FIG. 15 shows a schematic configuration of the lighting device 1c in a cross section XV-XV along the center of the device 1c (see FIG. 13B). It is shown using the cross-sectional view cut in. Further, FIG. 16 shows an outline in which the illumination light 3 is output in the illumination device 1c. The lighting device 1c comprises an optical device 10 that converts light (first light) 7 from LED 6 as a light source into illumination light 3 and outputs the light, and a substrate 6a on which the LED 6 that outputs the first light 7 is mounted. Have. The optical device 10 makes at least a part of the first light 7 having a light distribution characteristic having an optical axis 7a parallel to the first axis 12 incident along the first axis (Z axis) 12. The first reflecting surface 31 intersects with the first reflecting surface 31 arranged so as to reflect in a substantially arc-shaped first range having an angle θ around the first axis 12 on the first axis 12. Around the first axis 12 by refracting at least a part of the light 71 reflected by the second reflecting surface 23 and the third reflecting surface 24 and the first reflecting surface 31 arranged so as to sandwich the first reflecting surface 23 and the third reflecting surface 24. Includes a translucent exit surface 15 for output.

More specifically, in the optical device 10, the first reflecting member 21 provided with the second reflecting surface 23 and the second reflecting member 22 provided with the third reflecting surface 24 have a first axis. A folding mirror 20 intersecting at an angle θ at 12 and a translucent optical element 11 having a first reflecting surface 31 on the inner surface 16 and an emitting surface 15 on the outer surface. The first reflecting surface 31 includes a plurality of reflecting arc surfaces 31a to 31d divided in a direction along the first axis 12, and at least one of the light 71 reflected by the plurality of reflecting arc surfaces 31a to 31d. The translucent exit surface 15 that refracts the portion and outputs the light around the first axis 12 includes a concave-convex shape 40 having a periodic cross section in the direction along the first axis 12. The optical element 11 further includes a transmission surface 33 that transmits the first light 7 on the incident side (lowermost stage) of the first light 7 on the inner surface 16, and the transmission surface 33 is a wide angle (lowest stage) of the first light 7. Peripheral) components are refracted and led to the exit surface 15. The emission surface 15 is a portion that outputs light 72 whose direction is changed with respect to the first axis 12 due to refraction (light in a direction substantially orthogonal to the first axis 12 in this example) 72 as illumination light 3. Periodic unevenness 40 is formed in the direction along the Z-axis 12 over the entire exit surface 15 including the (region).

The periodic uneven shape 40 in the direction along the first axis (Z-axis) 12 is a sinusoidal shape including a shape in which the concave shape 41 and the convex shape 42 are repeated at a predetermined pitch in the Z-axis direction. It may be a zigzag shape in which a straight line is bent many times in a Z shape, or a shape in which a straight line and a curved line are combined, and the concave shape 41 and the convex shape 42 repeat each other. Shows the shape that appears. In the periodic uneven shape 40, the amplitude, which is the distance (width) between the peak and the valley of the unevenness, and the repeating pitch (period) may be constant in the direction of the Z-axis 12, and the direction of the Z-axis 12 It may be changed by a predetermined function. In the periodic uneven shape 40, the amplitude and period of the unevenness may be constant in the direction around the Z axis 12 (circumferential direction, θ direction), and change in the θ direction by a predetermined function. May be good. The exit surface 15 may have a periodic uneven shape in the circumferential direction.

The translucent exit surface 15 may include a plurality of inflection points 45 whose cross sections in the direction along the first axis 12 are provided at predetermined intervals. Each of the plurality of inflection points 45 has a point where the convex shape 42 changes to the concave shape 41, or a point where the concave shape 41 changes to the convex shape 42, a point where the curved line changes to a straight line, or a straight line changes to a curved line, and the direction of inclination of the straight line. It may be at least one of the points of change.

The emission surface 15 including the periodic uneven shape 40 and / or a plurality of inflection points 45 provided at predetermined intervals acts on the output illumination light 3, and the intensity distribution (luminous intensity) of the illumination light 3 in the vertical direction. Includes the effect of making the distribution more uniform. The period of the periodic uneven shape 40 or the interval of the inflection point 45 may or may not correspond to the plurality of reflecting surfaces 31a to 31d and the transmitting surface 33 of the optical element 11. In order to facilitate the effect of making the intensity distribution constant, the range 15a to 15d of the outer peripheral surface (exit surface) 15 facing each of the plurality of reflection arc surfaces 31a to 31d and the range 15g corresponding to the transmission surface 33g. May include at least one periodic uneven shape 40. The periodic uneven shape 40 may include a plurality of concave shapes 41 or convex shapes 42 in the ranges 15a to 15d and 15 g facing the plurality of reflective arc surfaces 31a to 31d and the transmission surface 33, respectively. The light 71 reflected by the reflecting surfaces 31a to 31d is incident on the exit surface provided with two or more concave 41 and / or convex 42 on the outer surface 15. The number of irregularities corresponding to the reflecting surfaces 31a to 31d can be arbitrarily provided. By setting the period (pitch) so that at least one combination of the concave shape 41 and the convex shape 42 is arranged corresponding to the reflection surfaces 31a to 31d, the exit surface 15 which is the outer surface of the optical element 11 and the exit surface 15 It is possible to proceed with the design separately from the number (number of stages) of the reflecting surfaces 31 which are the inner surfaces 16, and the degree of freedom in designing the optical element 11 is improved.

Similarly, the cross section of the exit surface 15 in the direction along the first axis 12 may include at least two inflection points 45 in the ranges 15a to 15d facing each of the plurality of reflection arc surfaces 31a to 31d. .. The same applies to the range of 15 g corresponding to the transparent surface 33. By including at least two inflection points 45 in the respective ranges 15a to 15d and 15g of the outer peripheral surface 15, the shape changing from concave to convex and convex to concave, and the shape changing from convex to concave and concave to convex are in the respective ranges. At least included in. Therefore, when the light 71 reaches the outer surface 15 and is parallelized in the direction along the first axis 12 on the outer surface 15, convergence and divergence are alternately repeated to reach the illumination region 2. A part of the illumination region 2 is illuminated by the illumination light 3 output through various regions 15a to 15d and 15g of the emission surface 15, and the intensity distribution (luminance distribution) of the illumination is averaged.

FIG. 16 schematically shows the behavior of a typical light ray in an optical element 11 in which, for example, a sinusoidal shape is formed along the Z axis 12 as a periodic uneven shape 40. The concave shape 41 of the concave-convex shape 40 has a function of diverging light as a concave lens, and the convex shape 42 has a function of focusing light as a convex lens. Therefore, the light reflected from the plurality of reflecting surfaces 31a to 31d and emitted from the outer surface 15 alternately appears in focused and divergent regions. Since the light reflected by one reflecting surface and heading toward the emitting surface follows different optical paths of focusing and divergence, the quality of illumination unevenness can be improved.

The exit surface 15 is a portion that controls the light distribution around the first axis 12 of the illumination light 3 output via the exit surface 15, that is, the period, amplitude, and inflection of periodic irregularities around the Z axis. It may include a portion where the position and interval of points change. In order to better control the light distribution in the Z-axis direction (vertical direction) at each position in the horizontal direction (XY plane) orthogonal to the Z-axis 12, the optical element corresponds to each position of the angle θ around the Z-axis. The shape of the outer surface 15 of 11 may be set. As shown in FIGS. 13B and 14, the optical element 11 of the illuminating device 1c has an opening angle from the center θ0 in a plan view viewed in a plane (XY plane) orthogonal to the Z axis 12. At positions where θ1 is 0 degrees, 15 degrees, 30 degrees, and 45 degrees, a periodic uneven shape 40 designed so that the light distribution in the vertical direction (Z-axis direction) is uniform is mounted. Therefore, at positions where the opening angles θ1 of the optical element 11 are 0 degrees, 15 degrees, 30 degrees, and 45 degrees, a portion (region) 15x having a different amplitude and / or period of the periodic uneven shape 40 of the exit surface 15 is formed. You may have it. The shape of the exit surface 15 between these angles can be designed to interpolate the uneven shape 40 of the adjacent cross section to form a seamless surface.

Further, the design of the exit surface 15 of the optical element 11 can be designed basically independently of the shape of the inner surface 16 provided with the TIR prism 39. Therefore, even if the design of the inner surface 16 is the same, the design of the exit surface 15 which is the outer surface can be changed. Therefore, the optical distribution of light in the vertical direction is appropriately controlled according to the distance from the area 2 to be illuminated, and the luminance distribution in the longitudinal direction (horizontal direction) in the illumination area 2 becomes more uniform. The element 11 can be provided. The exit surface 15 may be designed symmetrically in the horizontal direction (opening angle θ1) with respect to the center θ0, or may be designed asymmetrically in relation to the illumination region 2.

In the optical element 11, a plurality of reflection arc surfaces 31a to 31d are arranged on the inner surface 16, each of which includes a concentric arc-shaped reflection surface (total reflection surface) centered on the first axis 12, and further reflects each of them. Includes transparent surfaces 32a to 32d corresponding to the surfaces 31a to 31d. Therefore, in the optical element 11, a multi-stage TIR (total reflection) prism 39 is formed on the inner surface 16.

The optical device 10 further includes a control member 79 that prevents a component on the optical axis 7a of the first light 7 from being directly input to the first reflecting surface 31. This control member may be a control member that blocks light (absorbs), or may be a control member that reflects or diffuses. In this example, the optical device 10 includes a light-shielding or non-reflective control member 79 protruding from the first axis 12 in a fan shape at the uppermost portion of the bending mirror 20 along the first axis 12. The control member 79 absorbs a part around the optical axis 7a of the first light 7 from the LED 6, for example, a component having an elevation angle φ1 so that the component 79 is not input to the optical element 11. The control member 79 may be a mirror surface or a scattering surface such as an inverted cone extending along the first axis 12, or may be one capable of appropriately supplying a component having an elevation angle of φ0 to the optical element 11.

FIG. 17 is a graph showing the capture efficiency of light incident on the reflecting surface 31 along the Z axis (first axis) 12 with respect to the elevation angle φ. When the elevation angle φ is 80 °, the capture efficiency is 97%, and even if the light with an elevation angle φ of 80 ° to 90 °, that is, the elevation angle φ1 emitted directly above the LED6 is discarded, the amount of light loss is about 3%. It turns out that there is.

On the other hand, as shown by a broken line in FIG. 16, light having an elevation angle of 80 ° to 90 ° is included to form a reflecting surface 31x that reflects light at another angle with respect to the Z axis 12, for example, in a direction perpendicular to the Z axis 12. The volume required for this corresponds to about 15% of the total volume of the optical element 11. As shown in FIG. 16, the optical element 11 of this example is a surface that reflects light with an elevation angle of φ1 omitted instead of a reflecting surface 31x including a surface that reflects light having an elevation angle of 80 ° to 90 ° (elevation angle φ1). By adopting 31a, the thickness is thin and the size is reduced. Therefore, by adopting the optical element 11, it is possible to provide a compact optical device 10 and a lighting device 1c in which the efficiency of converting the light from the LED 6 into the illumination light 3 is hardly reduced.

As described above, the optical element 11 directs the first light 7 having the Lambersian light distribution output output from the LED 6 to an angle different from the optical axis 7a of the first light 7, typically in a direction orthogonal to each other. The first reflecting surface 31 that controls the light intensity distribution by reflecting in a predetermined range (first range) of the angle θ around the optical axis 7a, and the reflecting surface 31 can be designed independently. By refracting and outputting the reflected light 71, it is provided with a cylindrical or arcuate exit surface 15 that outputs illumination light 3 having a shape and intensity distribution that matches the area 2 to be illuminated. ing. Further, it is possible to control the spread and intensity distribution of the illumination light 3 in the vertical direction (Z direction) by providing the periodic uneven shape 40 in the longitudinal direction (vertical direction) of the cylindrical or arcuate exit surface 15. By adjusting the shape of the emission surface 15 in the circumferential direction, it is possible to control the spread and intensity distribution in the circumferential direction (horizontal direction, XY direction). Therefore, the optical device 10 and the illumination device 1 provided with the optical element 11 can output illumination light 3 capable of more uniformly illuminating the entire region 2 with respect to the region 2 having various areas, shapes, or configurations. ..

18 to 21 show some examples of optical elements 11 for illuminating devices suitable for regions 2 of different shapes or configurations. The optical element 11 shown in FIG. 18 is an optical element 11 that outputs so-called medium-distribution illumination light 3 having a standard horizontal spread. As shown in FIG. 18A, the outer surface (exiting surface) 15 of the optical element 11 has an arc shape extending around the central first axis 12. As shown in the cross section of FIG. 18B, the exit surface 15 of the optical element 11 is provided with a periodic uneven shape 40 that controls the vertical spread of the illumination light 3 along the first axis 12. I have.

The optical element 11 shown in FIG. 19 is an example of an optical element 11 that outputs illumination light 3 having a medium spread in the horizontal direction but a large spread in the vertical direction along the first axis 12. As shown in FIG. 19A, the outer surface (exit surface) 15 of the optical element 11 has an arc shape extending around the central first axis 12. As shown in the cross section in FIG. 19B, the amplitude of the periodic concave-convex shape 40 provided on the exit surface 15 of the optical element 11 (for example, between the peak of the convex shape 42 and the bottom of the concave shape 41). The distance (distance, height, sag amount) may be larger than the amplitude of the uneven shape 40 shown in FIG. 18 (b). The periodic uneven shape 40 may be a set of curved surfaces such as a sinusoidal shape as shown in FIG. 19 (b), or may be a zigzag shape as shown in FIG. 19 (c). It may be a set of straight lines (slopes) having different angles.

The optical element 11 shown in FIG. 20A is an example suitable for illuminating a region 2 having a narrow horizontal direction. The exit surface 15 of the optical element 11 has a shape suitable for outputting the illumination light 3 having a narrow light distribution, for example, a surface having a large curvature (small radius of curvature). The optical element 11 shown in FIG. 20B is an example suitable for illuminating a region 2 having a wide (long) horizontal direction. One example of widening the light distribution angle is to arrange one or more uneven shapes also in the circumferential direction. As shown in FIG. 20B, in the cross section in the direction perpendicular to the first axis 12 (horizontal cross section, plan view), the exit surface 15 has a concave shape at a position where the opening angle is 0 degrees, and both sides are formed. It can be designed to have a convex shape. The optical element 11 having an exit surface 15 having a Futaba or convex uneven shape in the horizontal cross section is suitable for outputting a wide light distribution illumination light 3 for illuminating a region 2 long in the horizontal direction. The optical element 11 shown in FIG. 20 (c) is an example suitable for illuminating a line-shaped region 2 extending in the circumferential direction on the inner surface of a cylinder.

The optical element 11 shown in FIG. 21A is an example suitable for illuminating a three-dimensional surface (region) 2 in which a plurality of line-shaped surfaces are combined in a U shape. The cross section of the exit surface 15 of the optical element 11 in the direction perpendicular to the first axis 12 is linear or convex or concave with a large radius of curvature at a position facing the center of the U-shape and having an opening angle of 0 degrees. The curved portion 15y is convex 15z at the portion corresponding to the vertically bent position of the U-shape, and by adopting such a shape of the exit surface 15, the U-shaped inner wall is made uniform in a line shape. An optical element 11 suitable for illuminating can be provided.

The optical element 11 shown in FIG. 21B is an example suitable for illuminating a three-dimensional surface (region) 2 in which a plurality of line-shaped surfaces are combined in a V shape. The cross section of the emission surface 15 of the optical element 11 in the direction perpendicular to the first axis 12 is convex 15z toward a position corresponding to the position where the surfaces intersect in a V shape, and the emission surface 15 is such a By adopting the shape, it is possible to provide an optical element 11 suitable for uniformly illuminating the V-shaped inner wall in a line shape.

The optical element 11 shown in FIG. 21C is an example suitable for illuminating a three-dimensional surface (region) 2 in which a plurality of line-shaped surfaces are asymmetrically combined in an L shape. The cross section of the exit surface 15 of the optical element 11 in the direction perpendicular to the first axis 12 is around the first axis 12 which is convex 15z toward a position corresponding to the position where the surfaces intersect in an L shape. By adopting the shape of the exit surface 15 which is asymmetrical, it is possible to provide an optical element 11 suitable for uniformly illuminating the L-shaped inner wall in a line shape.

As described above, by controlling the shape of the exit surface (outer surface) 15 in the cross section in the direction along the first axis 12 and the shape of the exit surface 15 in the cross section in the direction perpendicular to the first axis 12. , Illumination light 3 having different light distribution characteristics can be output. Therefore, the illuminating device 1 including the optical element 11 provided with the emitting surface 15 can provide the illuminating device 1 capable of more uniformly illuminating the line-shaped regions 2 having various configurations to be irradiated.

FIG. 22 shows a different example of the lighting device 1d. FIG. 23 shows a state in which the heat radiation fin 59 to which the lighting device 1d is attached is removed, and FIG. 24 shows a state in which the lighting device 1 is deployed as a component. The lighting device 1d is an example of a module lamp, and includes a light-shielding mask 51 that covers the periphery of the exit surface 15 on the front surface (outer surface) of the optical element 11. The light-shielding mask 51 that covers the periphery of the exit surface 15 on the outside of the exit surface 15 includes a function as a measure against glare and stray light. The lighting device 1 is provided with an optical element 11 having a first reflecting surface 31 on an inner surface 16 and a second reflecting surface 23 and a third reflecting surface 24, and is installed so as to sandwich the inner surface 16 of the optical element 11. A folding mirror (sheet metal mirror) 24, a square trumpet-shaped light-shielding mask 51 that covers the periphery of the exit surface 15 of the optical element 11, and a resin housing for assembling the optical element 11, the sheet metal mirror 20, and the mask 51. It includes 52, 53 and 54, a substrate 6a on which the LED6 serving as a light source is mounted, and a sheet metal heat spreader 58 for supporting the substrate 6a and releasing heat from the LED6 to the heat radiation fins 59.

FIG. 25A shows a side surface of a different lighting device 1e, and FIG. 25B shows a state of the lighting device 1e viewed from above. Further, FIG. 26 shows a state in which the lighting device 1e is expanded into the elements constituting the lighting device 1e, and FIG. 27 shows a schematic configuration of the lighting device 1e in cross section XXVII-XXVII along the center of the device 1e (see FIG. 25 (b)). It is shown using the cross-sectional view cut in. The lighting device 1e includes an optical device 10 that converts light (first light) 7 from LED 6 as a light source into illumination light 3 and outputs the light, and a substrate 6a on which the LED 6 that outputs the first light 7 is mounted. Have. The optical device 10 emits at least a part of the first light 7 of the Lambersian light distribution having the optical axis 7a parallel to the first axis 12 incident along the first axis (Z axis) 12. , Light in a state of being substantially collimated in a direction perpendicular to the optical axis 7a (first axis (Z axis) 12) in a substantially arcuate first range of an angle θ around the first axis 12. The first reflecting surface 31 arranged so as to reflect as 71, the second reflecting surface 23 and the third reflecting surface arranged so as to intersect the first axis 12 and sandwich the first reflecting surface 31. A translucent exit surface 15 that refracts at least a part of the light 71 reflected by the surface 24 and the first reflection surface 31 and outputs the light around the first axis 12, and a plurality of light emitting surfaces protruding from the emission surface 15. Includes a light-shielding louver 90.

The configuration of the optical device 10 is almost the same as that of the example shown above except that the louver 90 is included, and the folding mirror 20 having the second reflecting surface 23 and the third reflecting surface 24 and the inner surface 16 Includes a translucent optical element 11 having a first reflective surface 31 and an outer surface of which is an exit surface 15. The optical element 11 has a multi-stage inner surface 16 including a plurality of reflection arc surfaces 31a to 31d and a plurality of transmission surfaces 32a to 32d corresponding to the plurality of reflection arc surfaces 31a to 31d, respectively, and is provided on the outside. A cross section perpendicular to the first axis 12 with an exit surface 15 including a periodic uneven shape 40 and / or a plurality of bending points 45, and an angle θ around the first axis 12 of 180 degrees or less. Or less than a fan shape, a translucent member. The plurality of reflection arc surfaces 31a to 31d and the plurality of transmission surfaces 32a to 32d corresponding to the plurality of reflection arc surfaces 31a to 31d each constitute a total internal reflection (TIR) prism 39, and the optical element 11 The inner surface 16 has a configuration in which a multi-stage TIR prism 39 is arranged along the first axis 12.

FIG. 28 shows the optical element 11 extracted. Further, FIG. 29 shows a side view showing how the optical element 11 is deployed on a plurality of translucent members (translucent members, parts) 111a to 111e, which are parts, and FIG. 30 shows a perspective view. There is. FIG. 30A shows a state in which the optical element 11 is deployed as viewed from the side of the exit surface (outer surface) 15, and FIG. 30B shows the upper side of the inner surface 16, that is, the first light 7. It is shown from the side opposite to the incident side of the incident first axis (Z axis) 12, and FIG. 30 (c) is shown from the lower side of the inner surface 16, that is, from the incident side of the first axis 12.

Each of the translucent members (parts) 111a to 111e includes an end face 115 perpendicular to the first axis (Z axis) 12, and the optical element 11 has these parts 111a to 111e as the first axis 12. Includes an assembly 110 stacked along. Each of the parts 111a to 111e divides the optical element 11 into an XY plane at each position of a plurality of concentric arc-shaped fan-shaped transmission surfaces 32a to 32d arranged stepwise along the Z axis 12. The assembly 110 includes one TIR prism having one of the transmission surfaces 32a to 32d and one of the corresponding reflection surfaces (reflection curved surface, reflection arc surface) 31a to 31d on the inner surface 16. Includes four planar fan-shaped parts 111a to 111d having 39 (single TIR prism) and one planar fan-shaped part 111e having a transmissive portion 33 without having a reflecting surface on the inner surface 16. .. Each of the parts 111a to 111d is a part of the periodic uneven structure 40 forming the outer surface 15 of the optical element 11 on the outer surface 15, and is a portion corresponding to each of the reflecting surfaces 31a to 31d and the transmitting portion 33 of the inner surface 16. Includes the configuration of.

Each of the translucent parts 111a to 111d is a combination of at least one of a plurality of reflecting curved surfaces 31a to 31d having a function as a first reflecting surface 31 and one of a plurality of transmitting surfaces 32a to 32d. That is, it contains at least one TIR prism 39. Each part 111a-111d may be configured to include a plurality of TIR prisms 39. Each of the parts 111a to 111d may include one of the plurality of reflecting curved surfaces 31a to 31d and one of the plurality of transmitting surfaces 32a to 32d, and may be configured to include a single TIR prism 39. The TIR prism 39 has a shape protruding toward the inner surface, and in the case of the arcuate optical element 11, a plurality of TIR prisms 39 can be formed. On the other hand, in the case of a cylindrical or ring-shaped optical element as described in the following example, it is difficult to form a plurality of TIR prisms 39 on the inner surface, but the parts are made of the Z-axis 12 in units of the TIR prisms 39. By disassembling in the direction, an optical element having a plurality of TIR prisms 39 inside can be easily manufactured.

Further, the plurality of TIR prisms 39 provided on the inner surface 16 of the optical element 11 have a function of collimating the light 7 from the LED 6 input along the Z axis 12 in the direction perpendicular to the Z axis 12, but are transparent. The optical seamlessness may cause stray light inside the optical element 11. When the stray light is output from the exit surface 15 of the optical element 11 and recognized from the outside, it illuminates an unnecessary part or causes glare when it gets into the eyes. By disassembling and assembling the optical element 11 in the unit of the TIR prism 39 in the direction of the Z axis 12, there is an advantage that the generation of stray light can be suppressed in the unit of the TIR prism 39.

In order to prevent the stray light generated in each of the parts 111a to 111e from being output via the other parts 111a to 111e, a light-shielding member is sandwiched between at least a part of the parts 111a to 111e and assembled. The solid 110 may be configured. Further, at least a part of the end faces 115 perpendicular to the Z axis 12 of the parts 111a to 111e may be light-shielded, and these may be combined.

In this example, the assembly 110 constituting the optical element 11 has a louver 90 which is a light-shielding member in which at least a part is arranged (sandwiched) between the translucent parts 111a to 111e. Including. The louver 90 extends (protrudes) from the exit surface 15 of the optical element 11 to prevent stray light output from the exit surface 15, and is sandwiched between the parts 111a to 111e and stray light between the parts. Includes a portion 92 to prevent

Further, the assembly 110 includes parts 111a to 111e including a light-shielding region 117 in at least a part of the end face 115. The light-shielding region (part) 117 may be formed at the time of molding the parts 111a to 111e by using a technique such as two-color molding, and after molding the parts 111a to 111e, the desired portion is processed so as to have the light-shielding property. You may.

Each of the parts 111a to 111e is provided with a joint portion for laminating on the end side of the outer surface 15. Specifically, the uppermost part 111a is provided with a concave structure 119 on the lower end surface, and the intermediate parts 111b to 111d are provided with a convex structure 118 on the upper end surface 115 and a concave structure 119 on the lower end surface. The lowermost part 111e is provided with a convex structure 118 on the upper end surface 115. By fitting these convex structures 118 and concave structures 119 through through holes 98 provided in the sandwiched louvers, the assembly 110 including these parts 111a to 111e can be constructed. The method of constructing the assembly 110 with the parts 111a to 111e is not limited to this, and the upper and lower structures may be reversed, an adhesive or the like may be used, and the machine surrounds the parts 111a to 111e with a frame or the like. May be integrated.

The optical element 11 that does not use a louver may be configured by the assembly 110. When the optical element 11 is formed of one member, the region close to the Z-axis 12 has a molded member from the upper part to the lower part and becomes a thick portion, so that the solidification time during molding becomes long and mass productivity decreases. To do. By dividing and manufacturing a plurality of parts having an end face 115 on an XY plane, a thick portion is eliminated and mass productivity is improved. Further, by sandwiching a light-shielding plate between the joint surfaces of the parts, stray light can be shielded in the same manner as the above-mentioned louver. Each part may be provided with a recess corresponding to the thickness of the light-shielding plate on each joint surface (end surface) 115.

FIG. 31 shows a further different lighting device 1f. FIG. 32 (a) shows the side surface of the lighting device 1f, and FIG. 32 (b) shows the state of the lighting device 1r viewed from above. Further, FIG. 33 shows a schematic configuration of the lighting device 1f by using a cross-sectional view cut along a cross section XXXIII-XXXIII along the center of the device 1f (see FIG. 32 (a)). Further, FIG. 34 shows a state in which the lighting device 1f is developed into parts. The lighting device 1f includes an optical device 10 that converts light (first light) 7 from LED 6 as a light source into illumination light 3 and outputs the light, and a substrate 6a on which the LED 6 that outputs the first light 7 is mounted. Have. The optical device 10 emits at least a part of the first light 7 of the Lambersian light distribution having the optical axis 7a parallel to the first axis 12 incident along the first axis (Z axis) 12. , Light 71 in a state of being substantially collimated in the first range of the circle (cylindrical shape) around the first axis 12 in the direction perpendicular to the optical axis 7a (first axis (Z axis) 12). At least a part of the light 71 reflected by the first reflecting surface 31 and the first reflecting surface 31 is refracted and output around the first axis (Z axis) 12. Includes a translucent exit surface 15.

The lighting device 1f further includes a part (on-axis light processing member) 120 for processing light along the Z axis 12. The part 120 may be a light-shielding or reflective member so as to have the same function as the control member 79 described above. Further, the part 120 may have a function of adding optical performance as a lighting device such as a lens function and a light diffusion function, and not only illuminates a line-shaped region but also an axial circumference of a cylindrical optical element. A lighting device capable of illuminating a wide area of the above may be provided. The shape of the part 120 may be a disk shape, a tubular shape, a spherical shape, a square shape, or the like, or an object made of a translucent or diffusive material such as a person, an animal or a plant, or a building. Good.

The optical device 10 includes a plurality of reflection curved surfaces 31a to 31e provided concentrically around the first axis 12 along the first axis 12, and a plurality of reflection curved surfaces 31a to 31e corresponding to the plurality of reflection curved surfaces 31a to 31e, respectively. It has an optical element 11 including a multi-stage inner surface 16 including a plurality of TIR prisms 39 composed of transmission surfaces 32a to 32e, and an outer surface 15 having a tubular exit surface. The exit surface (outer surface) 15 of the optical element 11 of this example is a cylindrical surface, but it may be a square tubular surface having a polygonal cross section in a plan view (a surface perpendicular to the first axis 12). , A surface having a cross section in which a plurality of irregularities have continuous contours may be used. Further, the cross section of the exit surface 15 in the direction along the first axis 12 may be a straight line or a surface having periodic unevenness 40 as described above, and may have a plurality of inflection points. It may be a surface provided with 45.

The optical element 11 is an assembly of a plurality of translucent members (parts) 111a to 111f including an end surface 115 perpendicular to the first axis 12, similarly to the optical element provided with the arc-shaped exit surface 15 described above. Includes 110. Each of the parts 111a to 111f has a ring shape, and the inner surface 16 includes a ring-shaped TIR prism 39, and the outer surface is a ring-shaped exit surface 15. A light-shielding portion 117 may be provided on a part or all of the end faces 115 of the respective parts 111a to 111f, and the louver 90 which is a light-shielding member is sandwiched between these parts 111a to 111f to form the assembly 110. May be configured.

The illuminating device 1f provided with the cylindrical optical element 11 is suitable for illuminating a line-shaped region of a cylindrical surface (inner surface). Also in this lighting device 1f, by changing the shape of the outer surface 15 of the optical element 11, as described with reference to FIGS. 20 and 21, the square tubular inner surface is illuminated or the elliptical inner surface is illuminated. A suitable lighting device can be provided. Further, the above-mentioned optical element 11 has a tubular shape or a shape obtained by cutting out a part of the tubular shape, and has a configuration suitable for illuminating an elongated line-shaped or square region 2, but has a trapezoidal region. It may be a conical or part of a cone suitable for illuminating 2 or illuminating a square or line area 2 from an angle, and may be egg-shaped, drum-shaped, or a part thereof. It may be a cut-out shape. By disassembling the optical element 11 into a plurality of parts along the central axis (Z axis) 12, manufacturing, and assembling the optical element 11, the optical element 11 having various shapes is formed from the LED 6 incident along the central axis 12. It is possible to provide an optical element 11 that collimates the light 7 in a direction perpendicular to the central axis 12 by a reflecting surface 31 and outputs the light 7 as an illumination light 3 suitable for the shape of the region 2 to be illuminated by the refracting surface of the outer surface.

FIG. 35 shows a further different lighting device 1g. FIG. 36A shows a side surface of the illuminating device 1g, and FIG. 36B shows a state in which the illuminating device 1g is viewed from above. Further, FIG. 37 shows a schematic configuration of the lighting device 1g using a cross-sectional view taken along the center of the device 1g with a cross section XXXVII-XXXVII (see FIG. 36A). Further, FIG. 37 shows a state in which 1 g of the lighting device is developed into parts. The lighting device 1g includes an optical device 10 that converts light (first light) 7 from LED 6 as a light source into illumination light 3 and outputs the light, and a substrate 6a on which the LED 6 that outputs the first light 7 is mounted. Have. The optical device 10 emits at least a part of the first light 7 of the Lambersian light distribution having the optical axis 7a parallel to the first axis 12 incident along the first axis (Z axis) 12. , Light 71 in a state of being substantially collimated in the first range of the circle (cylindrical shape) around the first axis 12 in the direction perpendicular to the optical axis 7a (first axis (Z axis) 12). At least a part of the first reflecting surface 31 and the light 71 reflected by the first reflecting surface 31 are refracted and output around the first axis (Z axis) 12. It includes a translucent exit surface 15, a plurality of light-shielding louvers 90 protruding from the exit surface 15, and a member 120 that processes light on the axis.

The optical device 10 includes an optical element 11 including a multi-stage inner surface 16 including a plurality of TIR prisms 39, an outer surface 15 having a tubular exit surface, and a louver 90. The optical element 11 includes an assembly 110 including a plurality of translucent members (parts) 111a to 111f, each including an end face 115 perpendicular to the first axis 12, which is common to the above example. The assembly 110 further includes a plurality of louvers 90 arranged so as to be sandwiched between the respective parts 111a to 111f. Each louver 90 has a hollow disk shape and is sandwiched between a portion 91 that controls stray light output from the outer exit surface 15 and parts 111a to 111f to prevent stray light between parts 111a to 111f. Includes a portion 92 and The translucent members 111a to 111f may include a light-shielding portion 117 in the end face 115 to prevent stray light between the translucent members 111a to 111f in cooperation with or alone with the louver 90. May be good.

The illuminating device 1g provided with the optical element 11 with a cylindrical louver is suitable for illuminating a line-shaped region of a cylindrical surface (inner surface) as an example. The lighting device 1g may include a circular cover that covers the top and bottom of the exit surface 15 as described with reference to FIGS. 22 to 24. The illumination light 3 can be controlled by the louver 90 together with the refraction of the exit surface 15 on the outer surface of the optical element 11, and the illumination light 3 can be output according to the shape of the region to be illuminated.

In the above description, the optical element 11 in which the first reflecting surface 31 is divided into 5 or 6 on the inner surface 16 is described as an example, but the first reflecting surface 31 is divided into 4 or less. It may be arranged so as to be divided into 7 or more. The fan-shaped optical element 11 shows an example in which the central angle (opening angle) θ is 90 degrees, but the central angle θ may be 90 degrees or less, or 90 degrees or more. Further, the number of LEDs 6 arranged as a light source is not limited to one, and a plurality of multicolored LEDs may be arranged as a light source. Further, the lighting device 1 may have a plurality of optical devices 10 including a plurality of optical elements 11 or a plurality of projection units 5 arranged so that the Z axes 12 are arranged in parallel or in common. Good.

1 Lighting device, 5 Projection unit 10 Optical device (optical system), 11 Optical element (translucent member)
23 Second reflecting surface, 24 Third reflecting surface 31, 31a to 31f First reflecting surface

Claims (15)

At least a part of the first light having a light distribution characteristic having an optical axis parallel to the first axis, which is incident along the first axis, is formed in a substantially arc shape around the first axis. A first reflecting surface arranged to reflect in the first range, including a plurality of reflecting arc surfaces divided in a direction along the first axis, and a first reflecting surface.
A second reflective surface and a third reflective surface that intersect at the first axis and are arranged so as to sandwich the first reflective surface.
A translucent exit surface that refracts at least a part of the light reflected by the plurality of reflection arc surfaces and outputs the light around the first axis, and is a cross section in a direction along the first axis. An optical device having an exit surface that includes a periodic uneven shape. In claim 1,
An optical device in which the cross section of the exit surface in a direction along the first axis includes at least one periodic uneven shape in a range facing each of the plurality of reflection arc surfaces. In claim 1 or 2,
An optical device in which the cross section of the exit surface in a direction along the first axis includes a plurality of concaves or convexes in a range facing each of the plurality of reflection arc surfaces. At least a part of the first light having a light distribution characteristic having an optical axis parallel to the first axis, which is incident along the first axis, is formed in a substantially arc shape around the first axis. A first reflecting surface arranged so as to reflect in the first range, including a plurality of reflecting arc surfaces divided in a direction along the first axis, and a first reflecting surface.
A second reflective surface and a third reflective surface that intersect at the first axis and are arranged so as to sandwich the first reflective surface.
A translucent exit surface that refracts light reflected by the plurality of reflection arc surfaces and outputs the light around the first axis, and a cross section in a direction along the first axis is a predetermined shape. An optical device having an exit surface including a plurality of curved points provided at intervals. In claim 4,
Each of the plurality of inflection points is at least a point where a convex shape is changed to a concave shape or a concave shape is changed to a convex shape, a point where a curved line is changed to a straight line or a straight line is changed to a curved line, and a point where the direction of inclination of the straight line is changed. An optical device that is either. In claim 4 or 5,
An optical device in which the cross section of the exit surface in a direction along the first axis includes at least two inflection points in a range facing each of the plurality of reflection arc surfaces. In any of claims 1 to 6,
The plurality of reflection arc surfaces are optical devices including concentric arc-shaped reflection surfaces centered on the first axis. In any of claims 1 to 7,
An optical device further comprising a control member that prevents a component of the first light on the optical axis from being directly input to the first reflecting surface. In any of claims 1 to 8,
The exit surface is an optical device including a portion that controls light distribution around the first axis of light output through the exit surface. In any of claims 1 to 9,
A multi-stage inner surface including the plurality of reflection arc surfaces and a plurality of transmission surfaces corresponding to the plurality of reflection arc surfaces is provided on the inside, and the emission surface is provided on the outside and perpendicular to the first axis. An optical device having a substantially fan-shaped cross section and a translucent optical element. In claim 10,
The optical element is an optical device including an assembly of a plurality of translucent members including an end face perpendicular to the first axis. 11.
The assembly is an optical device including the plurality of translucent members including the end face having at least one light-shielding property. 11.
The assembly is an optical device including a light-shielding member in which at least one portion is arranged between the plurality of translucent members. In any of claims 1 to 13,
An optical device further comprising a light-shielding mask that covers the periphery of the exit surface. The optical device according to any one of claims 1 to 14.
A lighting device having a light source that outputs the first light.