JP2020520347A - 殺生物剤組成物 - Google Patents
殺生物剤組成物 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2020520347A JP2020520347A JP2019561835A JP2019561835A JP2020520347A JP 2020520347 A JP2020520347 A JP 2020520347A JP 2019561835 A JP2019561835 A JP 2019561835A JP 2019561835 A JP2019561835 A JP 2019561835A JP 2020520347 A JP2020520347 A JP 2020520347A
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
Description
本明細書で使用するとき、「殺生物剤(pesticide)」という用語は、有害生物に対して活性があり、雑草、昆虫、齧歯類、真菌、細菌、又はその他の生物体も含めて、有害生物と見なされるいかなる種も、忌避、殺害、又は防除することを目的とした化合物を対象の範囲とすることを意図している。
種子処理組成物には、少なくとも約2%から約15重量%までの界面活性剤を含んでいてもよい。組成物には、3重量%から7重量%までの界面活性剤を含んでいてよい。
種子処理組成物には、保湿剤をさらに含んでいてもよい。保湿剤は、水を保持させるための吸湿性物質である。その組成物には、一般的に、その組成物の1重量%〜30重量%で含まれる。非限定的に例を挙げれば、一般的に使用される配合用保湿剤としては、凍結防止剤、たとえばエチレングリコール、プロピレングリコール、及びグリセリンが挙げられる。保湿剤としてプロピレングリコールが使用される例においては、上述の量は、与えられる他の量に加えたものである。
種子処理組成物には、水溶性及び水分散性の皮膜形成性ポリマーから選択される少なくとも1種のポリマーも含まれていてよい。適切なポリマーは、一般的には少なくとも約1,000から約100,000まで、より特には少なくとも約5,000から約100,000までの平均分子量を有している。組成物には、一般的には、その組成物の約0.5重量%〜約10重量%のポリマーが含まれる。特定の実施形態においては、その組成物には、約1.0重量%から約5重量%までの皮膜形成性ポリマーが含まれる。
その組成物には、約2重量%から約30重量%までの凍結防止剤を含んでいてもよい。
その組成物にはさらに、(e)少なくとも1種の増粘剤が含まれていてもよい。
本発明の殺生物的組成物は、当技術分野で公知のプロセスによって調製することができる。
本発明による殺生物的組成物は、水溶液、分散液、懸濁液、エマルション、又はサスポエマルションの形態をとることができる。一つの実施形態においては、その組成物が、調製ずみの(ready for use)懸濁液又はサスポエマルションである。
本明細書において定義される、「植物繁殖体(plant propagation material)」及び「種子(seed)」という用語には、真正種子(true seed)と、それから植物が生育する他のタイプの植物繁殖体との両方が包含される。植物繁殖体そのものは、一般的には種子を指しているので、本明細書においても、そのように定義する。多くの種子処理剤は、胚芽のまわりに種皮を有する真正種子に適用される。種子処理剤は、たとえば根茎、球根、球茎、又は塊茎のような植物繁殖体にも適用される。
先に提供した本発明の概念の有効性を実証するために、3種の異なった配合物について試験した。それぞれの配合物には、チアメトキサム(22.62重量%)、フルジオキソニル(1.12重量%)、及びメフェノキサム(1.70重量%)が含まれていた。配合物Bにはさらに、プロピレングリコール(5.0重量%)が、そして配合物Cには、プロピレングリコール(5.0重量%)及びタルク(Silverline 002、5.0重量%)が含まれていた。
5種の異なった組成物(A、B、C、D及びE、表3に示す)を調製し、ダイズ種子の上に処理し、各種の条件下で試験して、未処理のダイズ種子と比較して、種子の植付性を調べた。4種の異なった組成物を、Waseguro種のダイズ種子の上に処理した。種子を、しかるべき組成物で処理したら、直ちにそれらをプラスチックコンテナーの中に入れた。次いで、それらの種子を各種の温度及び各種の相対湿度(RH)で貯蔵し、期間を変えて乾燥させた。それらの乾燥時間と条件は、次の通りである:(1)25℃、RH60〜70%で、30分間貯蔵した種子;(2)25℃、RH60〜70%で、3時間貯蔵した種子;(3)25℃、RH60〜70%で、24時間貯蔵した種子;(4)40℃、RH98%で、1時間貯蔵した種子;及び(5)40℃、RH98%で、4時間貯蔵した種子。割り当てた時間が完了したら、それらの種子を、ロールタイプの種まき機の中に入れ、それを2分間運転して、排出された種子を集めた。その排出された種子の重量を記録し、それぞれの試験を3回繰り返した。それぞれの試験を3回繰り返した(それぞれの試験の後で、穴に詰まっていた種子はすべて取り除いた)。それぞれのサンプルを評価した後で機械を掃除し、サンプルの間で未処理の種子を用いた試験をすることにより、清澄さを検証した。標準としては、Cruiser FS30を含めたが、その理由は、これが良好な植付特性を有していることがわかっていたからである。
処理した種子からの種子処理剤の剥離を評価するための試験を実施した。処理した種子の100gを、密閉式のプラスチックビンの中に入れ、そのビンを、オーブン中60℃で2時間置いておいた。そのビン(種子の水分から、ビンの内側で結露が起きている)をボールミルにセットし、25℃で、28rpmで5分間回転させた。次いで、剥離について、外観を目視で評価した。CruiserMaxxと、ポリマー又はタルクのいずれかとで処理した種子では、より少ない剥離が観察された。その結果は、ポリマー及びタルクの両方が、コーティングした種子からのCruiserMaxxの剥離を防止したことを示している。
種子を処理した後、一定時間の間隔を空けて、乾燥時間を評価し、産業界で標準となっている方法を使用して、ダストオフを測定した。それらの結果を表5に示す。
処理したダイズ種子の流動性を測定するために、25℃、相対湿度75%で3時間貯蔵した後で、漏斗流通試験(funnel flow test)を実施した。漏斗は、スタンドにセットし、下にポリビーカーを置いた。漏斗とポリビーカーの間に、プラスチック板をセットした。400gのコーティングした種子を、漏斗の中に入れた。プラスチック板を素早く取り除き、種子全部が落下するまでの時間を、ストップォッチで測定した(n=6)。
Claims (13)
- 組成物であって、
前記組成物の約20重量%〜約30重量%の濃度にある、殺生物的活性成分;
前記組成物の約1重量%〜約10重量%の濃度にある、プロピレングリコール;及び
前記組成物の約10重量%未満の濃度にある、タルク、
を含み、
プロピレングリコール対タルクの比率が、約1.5:1から約1:1.5までである、前記組成物。 - 前記タルクが、前記組成物の約7重量%未満である、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 前記タルクが、前記組成物の約5重量%である、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 前記殺生物的活性成分が、チアメトキサム、メフェノキサム、及びフルジオキソニルを含む、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- チアメトキサムが、前記組成物の約21重量%〜約24重量%の濃度にあり;
フルジオキソニルが、前記組成物の約0.5重量%〜約2重量%の濃度にあり;
メフェノキサムが、前記組成物の約0.5重量%〜2.5重量%の濃度にある、
請求項4に記載の組成物。 - 前記プロピレングリコールが、前記組成物の約5重量%である、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 合計で前記組成物の約1.5重量%〜約8重量%の濃度にあるアニオン性界面活性剤及びノニオン性界面活性剤を更に含む、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 前記アニオン性界面活性剤及び前記ノニオン性界面活性剤のそれぞれが、前記合計濃度のうち約0.5重量%〜約3重量%の濃度にある、請求項7に記載の組成物。
- 前記アニオン性界面活性剤が、トリデシルアルコールエトキシレートホスフェートエステルであり、前記アニオン性界面活性剤が、前記組成物の約2重量%の濃度にある、請求項7に記載の組成物。
- 前記ノニオン性界面活性剤が、ポリエチレン−ポリプロピレングリコールモノブチルエーテルであり、前記ノニオン性界面活性剤が、前記組成物の約1重量%の濃度にある、請求項7に記載の組成物。
- 皮膜形成性ポリマーを含まない、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 種子への適用後の種子処理剤組成物を乾燥させるための時間を低減させる方法であって、
請求項1に記載の組成物を用いて種子を処理することを含み、前記種子が、前記種子を処理してから5時間以内に指触乾燥状態になる、方法。 - 前記種子が、前記種子を処理してから2時間以内に指触乾燥状態になる、請求項12に記載の方法。
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