JP2020512286A - 融合遺伝子を含有するがんを治療する方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
Description
本出願は、2016年12月13日に出願された米国仮特許出願第62/433,600号に対する優先権を主張し、該仮出願は、参照によりその全体が本明細書に組み込まれる。
本発明は、米国国立衛生研究所により授与された助成金第RO1 CA098249号及び米陸軍医学研究-資材コマンドにより授与されたW81XWH-16-1-0364の下で政府の支援により為された。政府は本発明において特定の権利を有する。
本発明は、1つ以上の特定の融合遺伝子を有する患者を治療する方法に関する。
米国において、前立腺がんは男性において最も頻繁に観察される悪性腫瘍の1つである。前立腺がんでの死亡は2014年には27,540人に達し、男性にとって2番目に致死的ながんであった(Siegel et al., (2015) A Cancer Journal For Clinicians 65:5-29)。国際公開第2015/103057号及び国際公開第2016/011428号に開示されるように、染色体組換えにより生成される多数の融合遺伝子が、再発性且つ致死性であると示された前立腺がんにおいて同定された。これらの融合遺伝子の発現は侵攻性前立腺がんにおいて広く存在するが、正常組織においては存在しない。国際公開第2015/103057号には、in vitroにおいて前立腺がん細胞の細胞死を結果としてもたらす、チロシン阻害剤を用いるMAN2A1/FER融合遺伝子を発現する前立腺がん細胞の処置が開示されている。
本発明は、1つ以上の特定の融合遺伝子を有するがん又は前悪性若しくは新生物性状態を患う患者を治療する方法に関する。それは、MAN2A1-FER融合遺伝子によりコードされるタンパク質がキナーゼ活性を示し、前立腺がん以外のがん、例えば肝細胞がんにおけるMAN2A1-FERを標的化するチロシンキナーゼ阻害剤の使用が、がん異種移植片を有する動物の生存の劇的な改善につながったという発見に少なくとも部分的に基づく。
限定ではなく明確性のために、本発明の詳細な説明を以下のサブセクションに分ける:
(i)融合遺伝子、
(ii)融合遺伝子の検出、
(iii)がん標的、
(iv)治療方法、
(v)医薬組成物、及び
(vi)キット。
本明細書で使用される場合、「融合遺伝子」という用語は、野生型/正常な核酸又はタンパク質配列においては見出されない様式で記載された遺伝子又はそれらのRNA転写物の要素を組み合わせた核酸又はタンパク質配列を指す。限定するものではなく、例えば、ゲノムDNAの形態の融合遺伝子において、記載された遺伝子のゲノム配列の部分の相対位置は、(例えば、本明細書に記載されるNCBI染色体位置又は配列に反映されるような)野生型/正常配列と比べて変化している。mRNAの形態の融合遺伝子において、両方の要素遺伝子から生じるRNA転写物の部分が存在する(野生型転写物におけるのと必ずしも同じレジスター(位置)になく、また正常な成熟転写物中に通常存在しない部分を含むことがある)。非限定的な実施形態では、ゲノムDNA又はmRNAのそのような部分は、少なくとも約10個の連続するヌクレオチド、又は少なくとも約20個の連続するヌクレオチド、又は少なくとも約30個の連続するヌクレオチド、又は少なくとも40個の連続するヌクレオチドを含んでよい。特定の実施形態では、ゲノムDNA又はmRNAのそのような部分は、融合遺伝子中に存在する遺伝子のヌクレオチド配列の最大約10個の連続するヌクレオチド、最大約50個の連続するヌクレオチド、最大約100個の連続するヌクレオチド、最大約200個の連続するヌクレオチド、最大約300個の連続するヌクレオチド、最大約400個の連続するヌクレオチド、最大約500個の連続するヌクレオチド、最大約600個の連続するヌクレオチド、最大約700個の連続するヌクレオチド、最大約800個の連続するヌクレオチド、最大約900個の連続するヌクレオチド、最大約1,000個の連続するヌクレオチド、最大約1,500個の連続するヌクレオチド又は最大約2,000個の連続するヌクレオチドを含んでよい。特定の実施形態では、ゲノムDNA又はmRNAのそのような部分は、融合遺伝子中に存在する遺伝子のヌクレオチド配列の約10個以下の連続するヌクレオチド、約50個以下の連続するヌクレオチド、約100個以下の連続するヌクレオチド、約200個以下の連続するヌクレオチド、約300個以下の連続するヌクレオチド、約400個以下の連続するヌクレオチド、約500個以下の連続するヌクレオチド、約600個以下の連続するヌクレオチド、約700個以下の連続するヌクレオチド、約800個以下の連続するヌクレオチド、約900個以下の連続するヌクレオチド、約1,000個以下の連続するヌクレオチド、約1,500個以下の連続するヌクレオチド又は約2,000個以下の連続するヌクレオチドを含んでよい。特定の実施形態では、ゲノムDNA又はmRNAのそのような部分は、融合遺伝子中に存在する遺伝子の全体的な(全長)野生型/正常ヌクレオチド配列を含まない。タンパク質の形態の融合遺伝子において、両方の要素遺伝子から生じるアミノ酸配列の部分が存在する(限定ではなく、少なくとも約5個の連続するアミノ酸又は少なくとも約10個のアミノ酸又は少なくとも約20個のアミノ酸又は少なくとも約30個のアミノ酸)。特定の実施形態では、融合遺伝子タンパク質のそのような部分は、融合遺伝子中に存在する遺伝子によりコードされるアミノ酸配列の最大約10個の連続するアミノ酸、最大約20個の連続するアミノ酸、最大約30個の連続するアミノ酸、最大約40個の連続するアミノ酸、最大約50個の連続するアミノ酸、最大約60個の連続するアミノ酸、最大約70個の連続するアミノ酸、最大約80個の連続するアミノ酸、最大約90個の連続するアミノ酸、最大約100個の連続するアミノ酸、最大約120個の連続するアミノ酸、最大約140個の連続するアミノ酸、最大約160個の連続するアミノ酸、最大約180個の連続するアミノ酸、最大約200個の連続するアミノ酸、最大約220個の連続するアミノ酸、最大約240個の連続するアミノ酸、最大約260個の連続するアミノ酸、最大約280個の連続するアミノ酸又は最大約300個の連続するアミノ酸を含んでよい。特定の実施形態では、融合遺伝子タンパク質のそのような部分は、融合遺伝子中に存在する遺伝子によりコードされるアミノ酸配列の約10個以下の連続するアミノ酸、約20個以下の連続するアミノ酸、約30個以下の連続するアミノ酸、約40個以下の連続するアミノ酸、約50個以下の連続するアミノ酸、約60個以下の連続するアミノ酸、約70個以下の連続するアミノ酸、約80個以下の連続するアミノ酸、約90個以下の連続するアミノ酸、約100個以下の連続するアミノ酸、約120個以下の連続するアミノ酸、約140個以下の連続するアミノ酸、約160個以下の連続するアミノ酸、約180個以下の連続するアミノ酸、約200個以下の連続するアミノ酸、約220個以下の連続するアミノ酸、約240個以下の連続するアミノ酸、約260個以下の連続するアミノ酸、約280個以下の連続するアミノ酸又は約300個以下の連続するアミノ酸を含んでよい。特定の実施形態では、融合遺伝子タンパク質のそのような部分は、融合遺伝子中に存在する遺伝子によりコードされる全体的な野生型/正常アミノ酸配列を含まない。この段落において、両方の遺伝子、転写物又はタンパク質から生じる部分は、両方の遺伝子の野生型形態において偶然に同一であり得る配列を指さない(すなわち、部分は「共有されない」)。そのため、融合遺伝子は、一般的に言えば、通常は連結して一緒になっていない遺伝子要素がスプライシングで一緒になること又は融合することを表す。開示される融合遺伝子に関する追加の情報については、国際公開第2015/103057号及び国際公開第2016/011428号を参照(これらの内容は参照により本明細書に組み込まれる)。
セクション5.1に上記される以上の融合遺伝子の任意のものは、当該技術分野において公知の方法により同定することができる。融合遺伝子は、DNA、RNA又はタンパク質中に現れる融合遺伝子を検出することにより検出されてよい。特定の実施形態では、融合遺伝子は、DNA分子、RNA分子又は融合遺伝子によりコードされるタンパク質の存在を決定(判定)することにより検出することができる。限定ではなく、例えば、融合遺伝子の存在は、融合遺伝子によりコードされるタンパク質の存在を決定することにより検出されてよい。
本開示の発明に供され得るがんの非限定的な例としては、前立腺がん、乳がん、肝臓がん、肝癌、ヘパトーマ、肺がん、非小細胞肺がん、子宮頸がん、子宮内膜がん、膵臓がん、卵巣がん、胃がん、甲状腺がん、多形膠芽腫、結腸直腸がん、肉腫、びまん性大B細胞リンパ腫及び食道腺癌が挙げられる。特定の実施形態では、がんは前立腺がんではない。特定の実施形態では、がんは肺腺癌、多形膠芽腫及び肝細胞癌のいずれでもない。特定の実施形態では、治療の標的は、肺、子宮頸部、子宮内膜、膵臓、卵巣、胃、甲状腺、グリア、腸管、食道、筋肉又はB細胞を伴う前悪性又は新生物性状態(疾患)である。特定の実施形態では、治療の標的は、1つ以上の融合遺伝子、例えばMAN2A1-FERを有する細胞である。
本発明は、1つ以上の融合遺伝子を有する対象、例えば、1つ以上の融合遺伝子を有するがん又は新生物性若しくは前悪性状態を有する又は有することが疑われる対象を治療する方法を提供する(前悪性状態は、とりわけ、前悪性又は新生物性の細胞の存在により特徴付けられる)。特定の実施形態では、治療方法は、抗がん効果、抗新生物効果及び/又は抗細胞増殖効果を生じさせるように1つ以上の融合遺伝子を有する対象を治療することを含む。融合遺伝子の非限定的な例は、本明細書及びセクション5.1に開示されている。特定の実施形態では、融合遺伝子はMAN2A1-FERである。開示される方法を使用して治療できるがんの非限定的な例はセクション5.3に提供されている。特定の実施形態では、がんは前立腺がんではない。特定の実施形態では、がんは肺腺癌、多形膠芽腫及び肝細胞癌のいずれでもない。
特定の非限定的な実施形態では、本発明は、治療的な使用のための阻害剤及び/又は上記に開示される作用剤の医薬配合物を提供する。特定の実施形態では、医薬配合物は、融合遺伝子の産物に特異的な1つ以上の作用剤及び薬学的に許容される担体を含む。限定ではなく、例えば、医薬配合物は、例えば、MAN2A1-FER融合遺伝子を有するがんを有する対象の治療において使用するために、FER及び/又はEGFR阻害剤並びに薬学的に許容される担体を含む。特定の実施形態では、がんは前立腺がんではない。作用剤及び/又は阻害剤の非限定的な例は、上記のセクション5.5に開示されている。
本発明はさらに、本明細書に開示される1つ以上の融合遺伝子を検出するため並びに/又は上記に列記される検出及び治療方法のいずれか1つを実行するためのキットを提供する。
[実施例1:ヒト悪性腫瘍におけるMAN2A1-FERの発がん活性]
6.1序論
発がん性融合遺伝子は、ヒトがんの進行を推進する根本的な機序の1つである。融合遺伝子の1つは、マンノシダーゼアルファクラス2Aメンバー1(MAN2A1)の5'末端のエクソン13とFERチロシンキナーゼ(FER)の3'末端の最後の6エクソンとの融合物である。MAN2A1は、膜タンパク質の成熟グリコシル化のためのN-グリカンの複合体型構造物への高マンノースの変換のために必要とされるゴルジ酵素である(Moremen及びRobbins (1991) J Cell Biol 115:1521-1534;Misago et al. (1995) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 92:11766-11770)。ヒト悪性腫瘍との関係についてはほとんど分かっていない。他方、チロシンキナーゼFERは、多くの報告があるがん遺伝子である(Hao et al. (1989) Mol Cell Biol 9:1587-1593)。キメラMAN2A1-FERタンパク質は、MAN2A1のN末端からの703アミノ酸及びFERのC末端からの251アミノ酸を含有する。結果として生じるキメラタンパク質は、MAN2A1のC末端中のグリコシドヒドロラーゼドメイン及びFERのN末端のSH2ドメインを喪失しているが、FER中のチロシンキナーゼドメインを概ねインタクトなまま残している。先行する分析は、MAN2A1-FER陽性前立腺がんを有する患者の約80%が不良な臨床アウトカムを経験することを示した。しかしながら、本研究以前には、MAN2A1-FER融合物は他の種類のヒト悪性腫瘍においても起こるのかどうか明確でなかった。
細胞株。PC3(前立腺がん)、Du145(前立腺がん)、H23、HUH7及びHEP3Bを含む全ての細胞株はAmerican Type Cell Culture(Manassas、VA)から購入した。PC3細胞は、10%のウシ胎児血清を添加したF12K培地(InVitrogen、Carlsbad、CA)を用いて培養した。DU145及びHEP3B細胞は、10%のウシ胎児血清を添加した改変イーグル培地(InVitrogen)を用いて培養した。A-172、NIH3T3及びHUH7細胞は、10%のウシ胎児血清を添加したダルベッコ改変イーグル培地を用いて培養した。H23細胞は、10%のウシ胎児血清を添加したRPMI1640培地を用いて培養した。以下のセットのプライマーを使用するPCRによりゲノムの8つの異なる遺伝子座(CSF1PO、D13S317、D16S539、D5S818、D7S820、THO1、TPOX、及びvWA)に対して短鎖縦列反復配列(STR)DNAプロファイルについてこれらの細胞株のゲノムを試験した:
CSF1PO: AACCTGAGTCTGCCAAGGACTAGC (配列番号76)/TTCCACACACCACTGGC CATCTTC (配列番号77)、
D13S317: ACAGAAGTCTGGGATGTGGA (配列番号78)/GCCCAAAAAGACAGACAGAA (配列番号79)、
D16S539: GATCCCAAGCTCTTCCTCTT (配列番号80)/ACGTTTGTGTGTGCATCTGT (配列番号81)、
D5S818: GGGTGATTTTCCTCTTTGGT(配列番号82)/TGATTCCAATCATAGCCACA (配列番号83)、
D7S820: TGTCATAGTTTAGAACGAACTAACG(配列番号84)/CTGAGGTATCAAAAACTCAGAGG (配列番号85)、
TH01: GTGGGCTGAAAAGCTCCCGATTAT(配列番号86)/ATTCAAAGGGTATCTGGGCTCTGG (配列番号87)、
TPOX: ACTGGCACAGAACAGGCACTTAGG(配列番号88)/GGAGGAACTGGGAACCAC ACAGGT (配列番号89)、
vWA: CCCTAGTGGATGATAAGAATAATCAGTATG(配列番号90)/GGACAGATGATAAAT ACATAGGATGGATGG (配列番号91)
GACTCAGATGCTTAAGGAGACTAGGTGCGGAGCAAG (配列番号106)/GTACTCACGTTCTAGATGTGAGTTTTCTCTTGATGATAGTG (配列番号107)を使用して前立腺がん患者試料PRCA159TのcDNAライブラリーから得た。これに続いて、72℃で10分を行った。次に、PCR生成物をAflII及びXbaIで消化し、同様に制限処理したpCDNA4-FLAGベクターにライゲートしてpCDNA4-MAN2A1-FER-FLAGを作出した。pGST-MAN2A1-FERを構築するために、上記と同じ条件で全長MAN2A1-FER cDNA鋳型に対してプライマー
GACTCAGATGGGATCCATGAAGTTAAGCCGCCAGTTC (配列番号108)/GTACTCACGTGCGGCCGCTGTGAGTTTTCTCTTGATGATAGTG (配列番号109)を使用してPCRを行った。PCR生成物をBamHI及びNotIで制限処理し、同様に制限処理したpGEX-5x-3ベクターにライゲートしてpGST-MAN2A1-FERを作出した。pT3-MAN2A1-FER-FLAGを作出するために、以下の条件:94℃で2分の後、94℃で1分、62℃で1分、72℃で5分の40サイクルで全長MAN2A1-FER相補的DNA鋳型に対してプライマーGACTCAGATGGTCGACGAGACTAGG TGCGGAGCAAG (配列番号110)/GTACTCACGTGCGGCCGCTGTGAGTTTTCTCTTGATGATAGTG (配列番号111)を使用してpCDNA4-MAN2A1-FER-FLAGの鋳型に対してPCRを行った。PCR生成物をSalI及びNotIで制限処理し、同様に制限処理したpENTRベクターにライゲートした。その後、Gateway(登録商標) Vector Conversion Systemを使用する組換えによりベクターをpT3-eF1αベクターと組み換えてpT3-MAN2A1-FER-FLAGを作出した。ΔMAN2A1-FER-FLAGK722Aを構築するために、Stratagene, IncのQuikChange Multi Site-Directed Mutagenesis Kitを使用した。変異生成プライマーは以下:pGCAACATGTAAAGAAGATCTTCCTCAGG (配列番号112)/pAACAGCAACAGAA GTTTTATCCTTTAATG (配列番号113)の通りである。pGST-ΔEGFRaa1-650を構築するために、以下の条件:94℃で2分の後、94℃で1分、62℃で1分、72℃で5分の40サイクルでプライマーGACTCAGATGGCTAGCATGCGAC CCTCCGGGACGGC (配列番号114)/GTACTCACGTAAGCTTTCATCCCAGTGGCGATGGACG (配列番号115)を使用してpCMV-EGFR DNA鋳型4に対してPCRを行った。これに続いて、72℃で10分を行った。PCR生成物をNheI及びHindIIIで制限処理し、同様に制限処理したpGEX-5x-3にライゲートしてpGST-ΔEGFRaa1-650を作出した。pCMV-EGFRaa1-650を構築するために、上記と同じ条件でプライマー
GACTCAGATGAAGCTTTGACTCCGTCCAGTATTGATC (配列番号116)/GTACTCACGTTTCTAGACATCCCAGTGGCGATGGACG (配列番号117)を使用してEGFR cDNA鋳型に対してPCRを行った。PCR生成物をHindIII及びXbaIで制限処理し、同様に制限処理したpCMVscriptベクターにライゲートしてpCMV-EGFRaa1-650を作出した。
GACTCAGATGGCGGCCGCGAACATCAGAACTGGGAGAGG (配列番号134)/GTACTCACGTAAGCTTCAGGAGAATCACTTGAACCCG (配列番号135)を使用してHUH7細胞からの1mgのゲノムDNAに対して広域ロングPCR(extended long PCR)を行った。次に、PCR生成物をHindIII及びNot1で消化し、同様に消化したpEGFPベクターにライゲートしてpMAN2A1int13-EGFPを作出した。MAN2A1イントロン13/エクソン14のスプライシングアクセプター部位に対応する合成配列
(TAATGTTGGTTTTACCAAAAATATAAATGGTTTGCCTCTCAGTAGATAACATTTATCTTTAATAAATTCCCTTCCCTATCTTTTAAAGATCTCTTTTCGAGCACATAT (配列番号136)/TAATATGTGCTCGAAAAGAGATCTTTAAAAGATAGGGAAGGGAATTTATTAAAGATAAATGTTATCTACTGAGAGGCAAACCATTTATATTTTTGGTAAAACCAACAT (配列番号137))をASE1制限pMAN2A1int13-EGFPにライゲートした。これとは別に、プライマー
GACTCAGATGGAATTCAAGGTGGAACACAGAAGGAGG (配列番号138) /GTACTCACGTGAATTCGATTACTTTAAATAACTCACTTGGCTTCTTGCAGAGGTAGAGCTGAGAGAAG (配列番号139)を使用してHUH7ゲノムDNAに対してPCRを行って、FERエクソン15/イントロン15に対応する31bpのスプライスドナー部位の配列を含むFERのイントロン14に対応する1984bpの配列を生成させた。次に、PCR産物をEcoR1で制限処理し、同様に制限処理したpMAN2A1int13-EGFPにライゲートしてpMAN2A1int13-EGFP-FERint14を作出した。ガイドRNA NickaseNingaベクターのために、以下のガイドRNAペアを使用した:ATAGCTAGAAGGTGGATCAC(配列番号140)/TAGCATTAAGGGCCCCCTAA(配列番号141)。構築手順は製造者(DNA 2.0、Menlo Park、CA)により提供されたマニュアルに従った。
ヒト悪性腫瘍中のMAN2A1-FER融合物の発現。MAN2A1とFERとの融合物は、MAN2A1のC末端から441アミノ酸及びFERのN末端から571アミノ酸の喪失を結果としてもたらした。これは、タンパク質における大きな構造的変化を生じさせる(図13A)。どの種類のヒトがんがMAN2A1-FER融合物を宿すかを研究するために、Taqman定量的RT-PCRを使用して前立腺がん、多形膠芽腫、非小細胞肺がん、卵巣がん、食道腺癌及び肝臓がんを含む6つの異なる種類のヒトがんを調べた。これらのがんの6種類全てはMAN2A1-FER融合物陽性であることが見出され、それは2〜25.9%に及んだ(図13C及び表5〜10)。これは、16.8%(17/101)の非小細胞肺がん、15.7%(11/70)の肝臓がん(図22)、7.1%(11/156)のGBM、25.9%(7/27)の食道腺癌、5.2%(14/269)の前立腺がん、及び1.7%(1/60)の卵巣がんを含む(図13C)。前立腺がん患者からの20個の臓器ドナー前立腺試料、10個の肝臓ドナー試料及び10個の血液試料の全てはMAN2A1-FER融合物陰性であった。キメラMAN2A1-FERタンパク質は954アミノ酸を含有するが、MAN2A1は1144アミノ酸、FERは822アミノ酸をそれぞれ有する。したがって、MAN2A1-FERキメラタンパク質のタンパク質分子量は分子量114kdを有すると推定されるが、MAN2A1は137kd、FERは99kdの分子量を有する。
融合遺伝子の存在は、ヒト悪性腫瘍における鍵となる特徴の1つである。MAN2A1-FER融合物は、第5染色体の長鎖アーム中の組換えの結果物である。6つの異なるヒト悪性腫瘍、例えば肝臓がん及び食道腺癌におけるMAN2A1-FERの有意な存在は、この融合物がヒトがんの発生において重大な役割を果たす可能性を示唆する。17種類のヒトがんのThe Cancer Genome Atlasトランスクリプトームシークエンシングデータの検索ではMAN2A1-FER融合物は検出されなかった。そのような不一致は、The Cancer Genome Atlasデータ中のMAN2A1及びFERの両遺伝子の50の末端に位置する有意により小さい割合のマッピングされたリードの結果もたらされた可能性があり(図25)、その理由は、MAN2A1及びFERのメッセンジャーRNAの50の末端中の大きい数のリードがMAN2A1-FERの検出のために必要とされるからである。我々の知る限り、MAN2A1-FERは、EGFRシグナル伝達経路の発がん活性化につながる様式での構成的活性化チロシンキナーゼのゴルジ装置への移行の最初の例である。特定の理論に限定されないが、この活性化プロセスにおける極めて重要なリンクはEGFRの細胞外ドメイン中のチロシン残基88のリン酸化であると思われる。特定の理論に限定されないが、チロシン88はMAN2A1-FERによりリン酸化されるEGFRの唯一のチロシン残基であり、この残基のリン酸化はEGFRのMAN2A1-FER媒介性の活性化及び二量体化に必須であると思われる。チロシン88はEGFRのドメインI/IIの境界に位置する。この領域はEGFR二量体化の開始に関与すると推定される。この領域中の変異が報告されており、恐らくは二量体化のためのドメインコンフォメーションの変化により10、発がん性であることが示されている9。チロシン88のリン酸化はEGFR二量体化ドメインのコンフォメーションを同様に変化させ、受容体の発がん活性化につながる可能性がある。EGFR活性化及び二量体化の明白な増進にもかかわらず、MAN2A1-FERはゴルジ装置から形質膜へのEGFR輸送の速度に影響しないようである(図26)。
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Claims (62)
- 対象を治療する方法であって、少なくとも1つの融合遺伝子が対象から得られた試料中に存在することを決定すること、並びに次いで、凍結療法、放射線療法、化学療法、ホルモン療法、高密度焦点式超音波及び頻繁なモニタリングの1つ以上を行って対象において抗新生物効果を達成することを含み、対象が前立腺がんを有しない、方法。
- 融合遺伝子が、TRMT11-GRIK2、SLC45A2-AMACR、MTOR-TP53BP1、LRRC59-FLJ60017、TMEM135-CCDC67、KDM4B-AC011523.2、MAN2A1-FER、PTEN-NOLC1、CCNH-C5orf30、ZMPSTE24-ZMYM4、CLTC-ETV1、ACPP-SEC13、DOCK7-OLR1、PCMTD1-SNTG1及びこれらの組合せからなる群から選択される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 対象が前悪性又は新生物性状態を有する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 対象ががんを有する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 対象が、乳がん、肝臓がん、肺がん、子宮頸がん、子宮内膜がん、膵臓がん、卵巣がん、胃がん、甲状腺がん、多形膠芽腫、結腸直腸がん、肉腫、びまん性大B細胞リンパ腫、又は食道腺癌であるがんを有する、請求項4に記載の方法。
- がんが肺腺癌、多形膠芽腫及び肝細胞癌のいずれでもない、請求項4に記載の方法。
- 1つ以上の融合遺伝子がFISH分析により検出される、請求項1〜6のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 1つ以上の融合遺伝子が逆転写ポリメラーゼ連鎖反応により検出される、請求項1〜6のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 融合遺伝子がMAN2A1-FER融合遺伝子である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 対象を治療する方法であって、(i)対象から得られた1つ以上の細胞が1つ以上の融合遺伝子を含有するかどうかを決定すること、及び(ii)1つ以上の細胞が1つ以上の融合遺伝子を含有する場合、1つ以上の細胞内に含有される1つ以上の融合遺伝子に特異的な治療有効量の阻害剤を投与することを含み、対象が前立腺がんを有しない、方法。
- 対象を治療する方法であって、(i)対象から得られた1つ以上の細胞が1つ以上の融合遺伝子を含有するかどうかを決定すること、及び(ii)1つ以上の細胞が1つ以上の融合遺伝子を含有する場合、1つ以上の細胞内に含有される1つ以上の融合遺伝子の産物を阻害する治療有効量の作用剤を投与することを含み、対象が前立腺がんを有しない、方法。
- 対象を治療する方法であって、(i)対象から得られた1つ以上の細胞が1つ以上の融合遺伝子を含有するかどうかを決定すること、及び(ii)1つ以上の細胞が1つ以上の融合遺伝子を含有する場合、1つ以上の細胞内に含有される1つ以上の融合遺伝子を標的化する治療有効量のsiRNAを投与することを含み、対象が前立腺がんを有しない、方法。
- がんを有する対象を治療する方法であって、(i)対象から得られた1つ以上の細胞が1つ以上の融合遺伝子を含有するかどうかを決定すること、及び(ii)1つ以上の細胞が1つ以上の融合遺伝子を含有する場合、治療有効量の抗がん剤を対象に投与することを含み、対象が前立腺がんを有しない、方法。
- 前悪性又は新生物性状態を有する対象を治療する方法であって、(i)対象から得られた1つ以上の細胞が1つ以上の融合遺伝子を含有するかどうかを決定すること、及び(ii)1つ以上の細胞が1つ以上の融合遺伝子を含有する場合、1つ以上の細胞内に含有される1つ以上の融合遺伝子の産物を阻害して抗新生物効果を生じさせる治療有効量の作用剤を対象に投与することを含み、対象が前立腺がんを有しない、方法。
- 1つ以上の融合遺伝子が、TRMT11-GRIK2、SLC45A2-AMACR、MTOR-TP53BP1、LRRC59-FLJ60017、TMEM135-CCDC67、KDM4B-AC011523.2、MAN2A1-FER、PTEN-NOLC1、CCNH-C5orf30、ZMPSTE24-ZMYM4、CLTC-ETV1、ACPP-SEC13、DOCK7-OLR1、PCMTD1-SNTG1及びこれらの組合せからなる群から選択される、請求項10〜14のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 対象ががんを有する、請求項10〜12のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- がんが、乳がん、肝臓がん、肺がん、子宮頸がん、子宮内膜がん、膵臓がん、卵巣がん、胃がん、甲状腺がん、多形膠芽腫、結腸直腸がん、肉腫、びまん性大B細胞リンパ腫、又は食道腺癌である、請求項16に記載の方法。
- がんが肺腺癌、多形膠芽腫及び肝細胞癌のいずれでもない、請求項16に記載の方法。
- 対象が前悪性又は新生物性状態を有する、請求項10〜12のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 1つ以上の融合遺伝子がFISH分析により検出される、請求項10〜19のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 1つ以上の融合遺伝子が逆転写ポリメラーゼ連鎖反応により検出される、請求項10〜19のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 1つ以上の融合遺伝子がMAN2A1-FER融合遺伝子である、請求項10〜21のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 対象を治療する方法であって、(i)対象の細胞中のMAN2A1-FER遺伝子の存在を決定すること、及び(ii)MAN2A1-FER融合遺伝子が細胞中に存在する場合、細胞内に含有されるMAN2A1-FER融合遺伝子に特異的な治療有効量の1つ以上の阻害剤を投与することを含み、対象が前立腺がんを有しない、方法。
- 対象が前悪性又は新生物性状態を有する、請求項23に記載の方法。
- 1つ以上の阻害剤がカネルチニブとクリゾチニブとの組合せを含む、請求項23に記載の方法。
- がんを有する対象を治療する方法であって、(i)対象のがん細胞中のMAN2A1-FER融合遺伝子の存在を決定すること、及び(ii)MAN2A1-FER融合遺伝子ががん細胞中に存在する場合、治療有効量のFER阻害剤を投与することを含み、がんが前立腺がんではない、方法。
- がんを有する対象を治療する方法であって、(i)対象のがん細胞中のMAN2A1-FER融合遺伝子の存在を決定すること、及び(ii)MAN2A1-FER融合遺伝子ががん細胞中に存在する場合、治療有効量のEGFR阻害剤を投与することを含み、がんが前立腺がんではない、方法。
- がんを有する対象を治療する方法であって、(i)対象のがん細胞中のMAN2A1-FER融合遺伝子の存在を決定すること、並びに(ii)MAN2A1-FER融合遺伝子ががん細胞中に存在する場合、治療有効量のFER阻害剤及びEGFR阻害剤を投与することを含み、がんが前立腺がんではない、方法。
- 対象を治療する方法であって、(i)対象の細胞中のMAN2A1-FER融合遺伝子の存在を決定すること、並びに(ii)MAN2A1-FER融合遺伝子が細胞中に存在する場合、治療有効量のFER阻害剤及びEGFR阻害剤を投与することを含み、対象が前立腺がんを有しない、方法。
- EGFR阻害剤がカネルチニブである、請求項27、28又は29に記載の方法。
- FER阻害剤がクリゾチニブである、請求項26、28又は29に記載の方法。
- がんが、乳がん、肝臓がん、肺がん、非小細胞肺がん、子宮頸がん、子宮内膜がん、膵臓がん、卵巣がん、胃がん、甲状腺がん、多形膠芽腫、結腸直腸がん、肉腫、びまん性大B細胞リンパ腫、又は食道腺癌である、請求項26、27又は28に記載の方法。
- がんが肺腺癌、多形膠芽腫及び肝細胞癌のいずれでもない、請求項26、27又は28に記載の方法。
- 融合遺伝子がFISH分析により検出される、請求項23〜33のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 融合遺伝子が逆転写ポリメラーゼ連鎖反応により検出される、請求項23〜33のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- FISH分析により1つ以上の融合遺伝子を検出するために好適な1つ以上のプローブを含む、請求項1〜35に記載の方法のいずれかを行うためのキット。
- PCR分析により1つ以上の融合遺伝子を検出するために好適な1つ以上のプライマー対を含む、請求項1〜35に記載の方法のいずれかを行うためのキット。
- TRMT11-GRIK2、SLC45A2-AMACR、MTOR-TP53BP1、LRRC59-FLJ60017、TMEM135-CCDC67、KDM4B-AC011523.2、MAN2A1-FER、PTEN-NOLC1、CCNH-C5orf30、ZMPSTE24-ZMYM4、CLTC-ETV1、ACPP-SEC13、DOCK7-OLR1、PCMTD1-SNTG1及びこれらの組合せからなる群から選択される1つ以上の融合遺伝子のPCR分析用の核酸プライマーを含む、1つ以上の融合遺伝子を含有する細胞を有する対象を治療するためのキットであって、対象が前立腺がんを有しない、キット。
- TRMT11-GRIK2、SLC45A2-AMACR、MTOR-TP53BP1、LRRC59-FLJ60017、TMEM135-CCDC67、KDM4B-AC011523.2、MAN2A1-FER、PTEN-NOLC1、CCNH-C5orf30、ZMPSTE24-ZMYM4、CLTC-ETV1、ACPP-SEC13、DOCK7-OLR1、PCMTD1-SNTG1及びこれらの組合せからなる群から選択される1つ以上の融合遺伝子のPCR分析用の核酸プライマーを含む、1つ以上の融合遺伝子を含有するがんを有する対象を治療するためのキットであって、がんが前立腺がんではない、キット。
- TRMT11-GRIK2、SLC45A2-AMACR、MTOR-TP53BP1、LRRC59-FLJ60017、TMEM135-CCDC67、KDM4B-AC011523.2、MAN2A1-FER、PTEN-NOLC1、CCNH-C5orf30、ZMPSTE24-ZMYM4、CLTC-ETV1、ACPP-SEC13、DOCK7-OLR1、PCMTD1-SNTG1及びこれらの組合せからなる群から選択される1つ以上の融合遺伝子のFISH分析用の核酸プローブを含む、1つ以上の融合遺伝子を含有するがんを有する対象を治療するためのキットであって、がんが前立腺がんではない、キット。
- がんが、乳がん、肝臓がん、肺がん、子宮頸がん、子宮内膜がん、膵臓がん、卵巣がん、胃がん、甲状腺がん、多形膠芽腫、結腸直腸がん、肉腫、びまん性大B細胞リンパ腫、又は食道腺癌である、請求項39又は40に記載のキット。
- 融合遺伝子がMAN2A1-FER融合遺伝子である、請求項39、40又は41に記載のキット。
- 1つ以上の融合遺伝子を含有する細胞を有する対象の治療において使用するための、FER阻害剤及びEGFR阻害剤並びに薬学的に許容される担体を含む医薬組成物であって、対象が前立腺がんを有しない、医薬組成物。
- FER阻害剤がクリゾチニブである、請求項43に記載の医薬組成物。
- EGFR阻害剤がカネルチニブである、請求項43又は44に記載の医薬組成物。
- 1つ以上の融合遺伝子を含有する1つ以上の細胞を有する対象のための治療を決定する方法であって、
i)対象からの試料を用意すること、
ii)対象の1つ以上の細胞が、TMEM135-CCDC67、TRMT11-GRIK2、SLC45A2-AMACR、MTOR-TP53BP1、LRRC59-FLJ60017、KDM4B-AC011523.2、MAN2A1-FER、PTEN-NOLC1、CCNH-C5orf30、ZMPSTE24-ZMYM4、CLTC-ETV1、ACPP-SEC13、DOCK7-OLR1、PCMTD1-SNTG1及びこれらの組合せからなる群から選択される1つ以上の融合遺伝子を含有するかどうかを決定すること、並びに
iii)1つ以上の融合遺伝子が対象の1つ以上の細胞中に検出された場合、検出された1つ以上の融合遺伝子に特異的な治療有効量の1つ以上の阻害剤の投与を指示すること
を含み、対象が前立腺がんを有しない、方法。 - 融合遺伝子がMAN2A1-FER融合遺伝子である、請求項46に記載の方法。
- TMEM135-CCDC67、TRMT11-GRIK2、SLC45A2-AMACR、MTOR-TP53BP1、LRRC59-FLJ60017、KDM4B-AC011523.2、MAN2A1-FER、PTEN-NOLC1、CCNH-C5orf30、ZMPSTE24-ZMYM4、CLTC-ETV1、ACPP-SEC13、DOCK7-OLR1、PCMTD1-SNTG1及びこれらの組合せからなる群から選択される1つ以上の融合遺伝子を含有する1つ以上の細胞を有する対象を治療するためのEGFR阻害剤であって、対象が前立腺がんを有しない、EGFR阻害剤。
- TMEM135-CCDC67、TRMT11-GRIK2、SLC45A2-AMACR、MTOR-TP53BP1、LRRC59-FLJ60017、KDM4B-AC011523.2、MAN2A1-FER、PTEN-NOLC1、CCNH-C5orf30、ZMPSTE24-ZMYM4、CLTC-ETV1、ACPP-SEC13、DOCK7-OLR1、PCMTD1-SNTG1及びこれらの組合せからなる群から選択される1つ以上の融合遺伝子を含有する1つ以上の細胞を有する対象を治療するためのFER阻害剤であって、対象が前立腺がんを有しない、FER阻害剤。
- MAN2A1-FER融合遺伝子を含有する1つ以上の細胞を有する対象を治療するための阻害剤であって、対象が前立腺がんを有しない、阻害剤。
- がんを発症するリスクのある対象を同定する方法であって、対象から得られた1つ以上の細胞が1つ以上の融合遺伝子を含有するかどうかを決定することを含み、1つ以上の細胞が1つ以上の融合遺伝子を含有する場合、対象はがんを発症するリスクがあり、がんが前立腺がんではない、方法。
- がんが、乳がん、肝臓がん、肺がん、子宮頸がん、子宮内膜がん、膵臓がん、卵巣がん、胃がん、甲状腺がん、多形膠芽腫、結腸直腸がん、肉腫、びまん性大B細胞リンパ腫、又は食道腺癌である、請求項51に記載の方法。
- がんが肺腺癌、多形膠芽腫及び肝細胞癌のいずれでもない、請求項51に記載の方法。
- 融合遺伝子がFISH分析により検出される、請求項51〜53のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 融合遺伝子が逆転写ポリメラーゼ連鎖反応により検出される、請求項51〜53のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 融合遺伝子がMAN2A1-FERである、請求項51〜55のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前悪性状態を有する対象を診断する方法であって、対象から得られた1つ以上の細胞が1つ以上の融合遺伝子を含有するかどうかを決定することを含み、1つ以上の細胞が1つ以上の融合遺伝子を含有する場合、対象は前悪性状態を有し、対象が前立腺がんを有しない、方法。
- がんが、乳がん、肝臓がん、肺がん、子宮頸がん、子宮内膜がん、膵臓がん、卵巣がん、胃がん、甲状腺がん、多形膠芽腫、結腸直腸がん、肉腫、びまん性大B細胞リンパ腫、又は食道腺癌である、請求項57に記載の方法。
- がんが肺腺癌、多形膠芽腫及び肝細胞癌のいずれでもない、請求項57に記載の方法。
- 融合遺伝子がFISH分析により検出される、請求項57〜59のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 融合遺伝子が逆転写ポリメラーゼ連鎖反応により検出される、請求項57〜59のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 融合遺伝子がMAN2A1-FERである、請求項57〜61のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
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