JP2020204081A - Quenching apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a quenching apparatus capable of suppressing the distortion of a long rod-shaped workpiece moving in an axial direction while rotating in a circumferential direction.SOLUTION: A quenching apparatus (1) is a device for quenching a long rod-shaped workpiece (W) moving in an axial direction while rotating in a circumferential direction, and comprises: a deformation amount detection unit (20) for detecting a deformation amount of the workpiece (W); a heating unit (30) for heating the workpiece (W); a cooling unit (40) for cooling the workpiece (W) by injecting cooling liquid to the heated workpiece (W); a shield (51) movable between a first position which is not located between the workpiece (W) and the cooling unit (40) and a second position which is located between the workpiece (W) and the cooling unit (40) and for shielding the injection of cooling liquid from the cooling unit (40) to the workpiece (W) when necessary; and a control unit (60) for controlling the movement of the shield (51) based on the deformation amount data of the workpiece (W) detected by the deformation amount detection unit (20).SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

The present invention relates to a quenching apparatus.

Conventionally, mobile quenching has been widely used for surface quenching of long rod-shaped workpieces. In mobile quenching, the workpiece is moved axially and undergoes the treatments required for surface quenching, specifically heat treatment and cooling treatment.
Generally, in mobile quenching of a long rod-shaped workpiece, the length of the workpiece is large compared to the cross-sectional area, so that distortion occurs with respect to the axial core line due to variations in the material of the workpiece and variations in machining residual stress. It's easy to do. In the present specification, the "axis core line" is the central axis of the work when there is no distortion of the long rod-shaped work.

Patent Document 1 relates to an induction hardening apparatus that hardens while moving a long rod-shaped workpiece in the axial direction. Patent Document 1 describes a heating coil that induces and heats both sides of a work, a right-side and left-side cooling jacket that injects quenching liquid onto both sides of the heated work, and a strain of the work that is distorted to the right or left in the axial direction. Induction hardening is provided with a sensor that detects the amount of quenching, and a control unit that obtains the deviation between the data detected by the sensor and the reference data and controls the injection amount of the quenching liquid of the cooling jacket based on this deviation. The quenching device is disclosed (claim 1).
In the induction hardening apparatus described in Patent Document 1, strain of the work is detected in real time during mobile quenching, and the injection amount distribution of the quenching liquid around the work axis is changed in real time so that the strain is eliminated. Can be done (paragraphs 0011, 0032).

Japanese Patent No. 3452832

However, in the quenching apparatus described in Patent Document 1, it is difficult to appropriately control the injection amount of the quenching liquid injected from the cooling jacket in real time when the fluctuation of the strain measurement data is large. For example, when a long rod-shaped work moves while rotating in the axial direction, the strain measurement data fluctuates greatly according to the rotational movement of the work. In this case, the detection time by the sensor, the response time of the control circuit, the operating time of the adjustment valve that adjusts the injection amount of the hardened liquid, the delay time of the actual flow rate change that fluctuates according to the volume of the pipe, etc. have an effect, and the above It is difficult to appropriately control the injection amount of the quenching liquid injected from the cooling jacket in real time according to the fluctuation of the measurement data. With the quenching apparatus described in Patent Document 1, it is difficult to immediately control the injection amount of the quenching liquid injected from the cooling jacket when the strain of the work is detected.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a quenching apparatus capable of suppressing distortion of a long rod-shaped workpiece that moves in the axial direction while rotating in the circumferential direction. ..

The quenching apparatus of the present invention
It is a quenching device for long rod-shaped workpieces that move in the axial direction while rotating in the circumferential direction.
A deformation amount detection unit that detects the deformation amount of the work,
A heating unit that heats the work,
A cooling unit that cools the work by injecting a cooling liquid onto the work heated by the heating unit.
It is movable and is at least in the second position between the first position not between the work and the cooling unit and the second position between the work and the cooling unit. A shielding material that can sometimes rotate and move in the circumferential direction of the work and shields the injection of the cooling liquid from the cooling unit to the work when it is in the second position.
The data of the deformation amount of the work detected by the deformation amount detection unit is acquired, and when the maximum deformation amount of the work is equal to or more than a specified value, the maximum deformation portion closest to the cooling part of the work is specified. However, it has a control unit that controls the movement of the shielding material so that the shielding material is located between the maximum deformed portion and the cooling unit.

According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a quenching device capable of suppressing distortion of a long rod-shaped workpiece that moves in the axial direction while rotating in the circumferential direction.

It is a schematic diagram which shows the quenching apparatus of one Embodiment which concerns on this invention, and the work which passes through this apparatus. It is a schematic cross-sectional view which looked at the state which the work passes through the inside of the cooling part with the center position of the work deviated from the axis center line, as seen from the traveling direction. This is an example of the deformation amount detection data when the distortion elimination control is not performed. It is a flowchart which shows the example of the procedure of the movement control of a shielding material for distortion elimination.

The structure of the quenching apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention and the quenching method using the same will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a quenching apparatus of this embodiment and a work passing through the quenching apparatus. In the figure, the work W, the heating unit 30, the cooling unit 40, the shielding material 51, and the support member 52 are shown in a cross-sectional view.

The quenching device 1 of the present embodiment is a device that performs surface quenching of a long rod-shaped work W that moves in the axial direction while rotating in the circumferential direction.
In FIG. 1, reference numeral CL is an axial core line of the long rod-shaped work W, and is a central axis of the work W when there is no distortion of the work W. The arrow D1 shows an example of the moving direction of the work W. The work W is sequentially subjected to various processes required for quenching while being moved (also referred to as transportation) in the direction of arrow D1 from the upper side in the drawing to the lower side in the drawing by a known moving mechanism (not shown). ing.
In the present embodiment, the work W is rotated in the circumferential direction by the rotary motor 11. The arrow D2 shows an example of the rotation direction of the work W.

The quenching device 1 of the present embodiment has a heating unit 30 for heating the work W and a cooling unit 40 for injecting a cooling liquid onto the work W heated by the heating unit 30 to cool the work W. ..
In the present embodiment, the heating unit 30 includes a coil and a high-frequency power source that supplies an alternating current to the coil, and includes a high-frequency induction heating device that induces and heats a work W passing through the coil.
In the present embodiment, the cooling unit 40 includes a cooling device including a tubular cooling jacket that injects a cooling liquid such as cooling water onto the surface of the work W.
Known high-frequency induction heating devices and cooling jackets can be used. The configurations of the heating unit 30 and the cooling unit 40 can be appropriately redesigned.

The quenching device 1 of the present embodiment has a deformation amount detecting unit 20 for detecting the deformation amount of the work W. In the present embodiment, the deformation amount of the work W is detected by the deformation amount detection unit 20 before receiving the heat treatment by the heating unit 30. In the present embodiment, the deformation amount detection unit 20 includes a deformation amount detection sensor. As the deformation amount detection sensor, a known sensor capable of detecting a change in the position of the outer peripheral edge of the work W can be used. In the illustrated example, the deformation amount detecting unit 20 detects a change in the position of the outer peripheral edge on the right side of the work W over time.

FIG. 3 shows an example of the deformation amount detection data when the distortion elimination control is not performed. In this example, the amount of deformation of the long rod-shaped work W that moves in the axial direction while rotating in the circumferential direction fluctuates periodically with a sine curve or a fluctuation close to it. In this example, in FIG. 1, the position of the outer peripheral edge on the right side of the work W when there is no distortion is set as the reference position, and the amount of deformation of the work W when the position of the outer peripheral edge on the right side of the work W is the reference position. Is set to zero. When the position of the outer peripheral edge on the right side of the work W is deviated from the reference position, the amount of deviation from the reference position of that position is defined as the amount of deformation. The amount of deformation when the position of the outer peripheral edge on the right side of the work W is deviated from the reference position to the right side in the drawing is added, and the deformation when the position of the outer peripheral edge on the right side of the work W is deviated from the reference position to the left side in the drawing. The amount is shown as a minus.

FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view in a cross section perpendicular to the moving direction of the work W, in which the center position of the work W shifts to the right side of the drawing from the axis CL and the amount of deformation of the work W is maximum on the plus side. Is. This figure is a schematic cross-sectional view of the state in which the work W is passing through the inside of the cooling unit 40 as seen from the direction of travel.

In the prior art, in the cross section of the work W shown in FIG. 2, the outer peripheral end on the right side in the drawing is closest to the cooling unit 40, so that the work W is cooled fastest and quenching is completed fastest.
"Quenching" is an operation of heating the steel to a temperature equal to or higher than the transformation point (after heating to the austenite region) and then quenching the steel in order to harden the steel. Quenching carbon-containing steel transforms face-centered cubic austenite into body-centered tetragonal martensite, resulting in volume expansion and very high hardness.
In the prior art, as described above, in the cross section of the work W shown in FIG. 2, the outer peripheral edge on the right side of the drawing is cooled before the outer peripheral edge on the left side of the drawing, and as a result of volume expansion and hardening first, the drawing is originally shown. The distortion that is convex to the right is further amplified. As shown in FIG. 3, when the deformation amount of the work W fluctuates periodically with a sine curve or a fluctuation close to it, in the prior art, the outer peripheral edge on the right side of the drawing is always in the phase where the deformation amount is maximum. As a result of the volume expansion before the outer peripheral edge on the left side of the drawing, the maximum amount of deformation is amplified and the strain is amplified as the number of repetitions of the cycle increases.

As shown in FIG. 1, the quenching device 1 of the present embodiment has a shielding material 51 that shields the injection of the cooling liquid from the cooling unit 40 to the work W when necessary in order to eliminate the distortion of the work W. Has. The shape of the shielding material 51 may be any shape as long as it can shield the injection of the cooling liquid from the cooling unit 40 to the work W, and examples thereof include a plate shape and a rod shape.
The quenching device 1 of the present embodiment is connected to a support member 52 that supports the shielding material 51 and the support member 52, and the shielding material 51 and the support member 52 are parallel to the moving direction of the work W (vertical direction in the drawing). ), And a rotary motor 54 that rotationally moves the shielding material 51 in the circumferential direction of the work W. In the figure, reference numeral D3 indicates an example of the moving direction of the shielding material 51.

When the deformation amount of the work W detected by the deformation amount detection unit 20 is less than the specified value, the shielding material 51 is arranged outside the cooling unit 40 (below the cooling unit 40 in the illustrated example) as shown in the figure. It is not arranged between the work W and the cooling unit 40. In this state, the shielding material 51 does not shield the injection of the coolant from the cooling unit 40 to the work W. The position of the shielding material 51 at this time is defined as the first position. This position is also called the initial position or the unshielded position.

When the deformation amount of the work W detected by the deformation amount detection unit 20 is equal to or more than a specified value, the shielding material 51 is moved by the moving mechanism 53 in a direction parallel to the moving direction of the work W (up and down direction in the drawing). It is arranged between the work W and the cooling unit 40. In this state, the shielding material 51 shields the injection of the coolant from the cooling unit 40 to the work W. The position of the shielding material 51 at this time is defined as the second position. This position is also called a shielding position.
In the present embodiment, the shielding material 51 can rotate and move in the same direction as the rotation direction D2 of the work W when it is at least in the second position (shielding position).

The quenching device 1 of the present embodiment also acquires data on the deformation amount of the work W detected by the deformation amount detection unit 20, and when the maximum deformation amount of the work W is equal to or more than a specified value, the work W is cooled. The maximum deformed portion closest to the portion 40 (corresponding to the peak top in the data of the example shown in FIG. 3) is specified, and the shielding material 51 is located between the maximum deformed portion and the cooling portion 40. It has a control unit 60 which controls the movement of.

In the quenching device 1 of the present embodiment, for example, the movement of the shielding material 51 can be controlled as shown in the flowchart shown in FIG.
First, while rotating in the circumferential direction using the rotary motor 11, the long rod-shaped work W is moved in the axial direction by a known method to start quenching.
Next, the deformation amount detection unit 20 detects the deformation amount of the work W over time, and acquires data on the deformation amount of the work W as shown in FIG.
Next, the work W in which the amount of deformation is detected is heated by the heating unit 30.
Next, the heated work W is cooled by the cooling unit 40.

The control unit 60 receives data on the amount of deformation of the work W from the amount of deformation detection unit 20. The control unit 60 also receives rotation information of the work W from the rotation motor 11. The control unit 60 determines whether or not the maximum deformation amount of the work W is equal to or more than the specified value, and if it is equal to or more than the specified value, performs the following control so as to eliminate the distortion of the work W.

The control unit 60 identifies the phase in which the work W is maximally deformed (in the example data shown in FIG. 3, the peak top phase) based on the data on the amount of deformation of the work W and the rotation information of the work W, and the work W Specify the rotation timing of the maximum deformation part of.
The control unit 60 controls the rotary motor 54 and is in the first position (initial position, non-shielding position) so that the maximum deformed portion of the work W and the shielding material 51 rotate at the same phase and the same rotation speed. The shielding material 51 is rotationally moved in the circumferential direction of the work W. For example, in a cross section perpendicular to the moving direction of the work W, the initial position of the shielding material 51 and the position of the deformation amount detecting unit 20 are set in the same phase with respect to the axis, and the deformation amount data is obtained. It is preferable to control the rotary motor 54 so that the position of the shielding material 51 becomes the initial position of the rotation of the shielding material 51 when the data is in the peak top phase as shown in FIG.
Next, the control unit 60 controls the moving mechanism 53 to move the shielding material 51 in a direction parallel to the moving direction of the work W while rotating the shielding material 51, and between the maximum deformed portion of the work W and the cooling unit 40. The shielding material 51 is moved to the position (second position, shielding position).

By the above operation, the shielding material 51 can rotate and move in the same phase and the same rotation speed as the maximum deformed portion of the work W while being located between the maximum deformed portion of the work W and the cooling portion 40. In this state, the presence of the shielding material 51 shields the injection of the cooling liquid from the cooling unit 40 to the maximum deformed portion of the work W, so that it is difficult for the coolant to be applied to the maximum deformed portion, and the maximum deformed portion Cooling is delayed. In the cross section of the work W shown in FIG. 2, when the injection of the cooling liquid from the cooling unit 40 is shielded from the outer peripheral end on the right side in the drawing, the outer peripheral end on the left side in the drawing on the opposite side is cooled first. And then volume expansion and hardening first. As described above, as a result of the left side of the drawing being expanded more than the right side of the drawing in FIG. 2, a force that distorts the work W originally having a convex distortion to the right of the drawing acts in the opposite direction, and the distortion is reduced.

When the control unit 60 determines that the maximum deformation amount of the work W is less than the specified value, the control unit 60 controls the moving mechanism 53 and places the shielding material 51 in the original position (first position, initial position, non-shielding position). To release the shielding of the injection of the coolant to the work W.

The moving direction between the first position (initial position, non-shielding position) and the second position (shielding position) of the shielding material 51 is not limited to the linear direction parallel to the moving direction of the work W, and the design is appropriately changed. It is possible. For example, the shielding material 51 may be curvedly moved from the first position (initial position, non-shielding position) to the second position (shielding position) in an arc shape.
The shielding material 51 may be rotatable and movable in the circumferential direction of the work W when it is at least in the second position (shielding position), and when the shielding material 51 starts rotating, the shielding material 51 is placed in the second position (shielding position). It may be after moving to the position).

As described above, according to the present embodiment, it is possible to provide the quenching device 1 capable of suppressing the distortion of the long rod-shaped work W that moves in the axial direction while rotating in the circumferential direction.
In the present embodiment, unlike the technique described in Patent Document 1, it is not necessary to control the flow rate of the coolant in a complicated manner, and it is only necessary to shield the injection of the coolant to the work W when necessary, so that the work W is cooled. Is easy to control, and when the distortion of the work W is detected, the distortion can be immediately eliminated.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and the design can be appropriately changed as long as the gist of the present invention is not deviated.
The quenching device 1 is in the direction of eliminating distortion with respect to the maximum deformation portion of the work when the maximum deformation amount of the work is equal to or more than a specified value in accordance with the cooling liquid shielding mechanism described in the above embodiment. It may have a mechanical strain eliminating mechanism that applies a mechanical force. In this case as well, the control unit can control the mechanical strain eliminating mechanism based on the data of the deformation amount of the work detected by the deformation amount detection unit.

1 Quenching device 11 Rotary motor 20 Deformation amount detection unit 30 Heating unit 40 Cooling unit 51 Shielding material 52 Support member 53 Moving mechanism 54 Rotating motor 60 Control unit W work

Claims (1)

It is a quenching device for long rod-shaped workpieces that move in the axial direction while rotating in the circumferential direction.
A deformation amount detection unit that detects the deformation amount of the work,
A heating unit that heats the work,
A cooling unit that cools the work by injecting a cooling liquid onto the work heated by the heating unit.
It is movable and is at least in the second position between the first position not between the work and the cooling unit and the second position between the work and the cooling unit. A shielding material that can sometimes rotate and move in the circumferential direction of the work and shields the injection of the cooling liquid from the cooling unit to the work when it is in the second position.
The data of the deformation amount of the work detected by the deformation amount detection unit is acquired, and when the maximum deformation amount of the work is equal to or more than a specified value, the maximum deformation portion closest to the cooling part of the work is specified. A quenching device having a control unit that controls the movement of the shielding material so that the shielding material is located between the maximum deformed portion and the cooling unit.

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