JP2020199577A - Cutting device and control method for the same - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a cutting device that can form various curved surfaces with a cutting blade in a flat blade shape better than before, and a control method for the same.SOLUTION: A cutting device according to the present invention comprises: a base 2 having a placement surface 2a, which is parallel to an XY plane in an XYZ orthogonal coordinate system, on which a work-piece W can be placed; X and Y directional movement means 4 that can move a cutting blade S in an X-axis direction and in a y-axis direction with respect to the base 2; Z-directional movement means 5, provided in the X and Y directional movement means 4, which can move the cutting blade S in the Z-axis direction; and a head 3, provided in the Z-directional movement means 5, which has an α-directional rotation means 8 that holds the cutting blade S and can rotate the cutting blade S in a direction in which the blade circles around the X-axis, a β-directional rotation means 7 that can rotate the cutting blade S in a direction in which the blade circles around the Y-axis and a γ-directional rotation means 6 that can rotate the cutting blade S in a direction in which the blade circles around a Z-axis.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

The present invention relates to a cutting device for cutting a processed material by moving a flat blade-shaped cutting blade relative to the processed material and a control method thereof, and particularly when cutting the processed material into a curved surface. With respect to suitable devices and control methods.

Conventionally, a cutting device for cutting a processed material by moving a flat blade-shaped cutting blade relative to the processed material is known. As such an apparatus, the applicant has proposed a cutting apparatus shown in Patent Document 1. In this cutting device, the cutting blade is set in the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis directions (front-back direction, left-right direction, up and down) with respect to the processed material placed parallel to the XY plane (for example, horizontal plane) in the XYZ Cartesian coordinate system. It is possible to move in the direction). Further, since the flat cutting blade can be rotated in the direction of rotating around the Z axis, for example, when cutting so as to draw a curve in a plan view, the longitudinal direction of the cutting blade is oriented in the Z axis direction. (The state where the extending surface of the cutting blade is vertical) is set, and the cutting blade is rotated in the direction around the Z axis while advancing the cutting blade in a curved shape with respect to the work material. By changing the direction so as to follow the curve, the processed material can be cut with a smooth curved surface. Further, in this device, since the cutting blade can be rotated in the direction around the Y axis, the cutting blade can be tilted in the thickness direction (the extending surface of the cutting blade is tilted in the vertical direction). Therefore, the cutting blade is rotated in the direction of rotating the Y-axis to tilt the cutting blade in the thickness direction, and the cutting blade is rotated in the direction of rotating the Z-axis while advancing the cutting blade in a circular motion in a horizontal plane. By making the cutting blades oriented along a circle, the processed material can be cut so that a conical surface is formed.

Japanese Patent No. 6489626

As described above, according to the apparatus of Patent Document 1, it is possible to satisfactorily form various curved surfaces including the above-mentioned conical surface, but as a result of repeated studies by the present inventor, this apparatus can also be formed. It turns out that there is a difficult curved surface. For example, when forming a cylindrical hole in a work material, if the axis of the cylinder is along the Z axis, it can be formed by this device, but as shown in FIG. 5, the central axis is tilted with respect to the Z axis. As explained below, it is difficult to cut a hole smoothly with this device because the posture of the cutting blade cannot be changed so as to completely correspond to the inner peripheral surface of the hole when the cutting blade is advanced. Met.

An object of the present invention is to solve such a problem, and to provide a cutting device and a control method thereof capable of forming various curved surfaces better than the conventional ones by using a flat-blade cutting blade. The purpose is to provide.

In the present invention, the processed material can be cut by moving the flat blade-shaped cutting blade relative to the processed material, and the processed material is parallel to the XY plane in the XYZ Cartesian coordinate system. The base having a mounting surface on which the mounting surface can be mounted, the X and Y direction moving means capable of moving the cutting blade in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction with respect to the base, and the X and Y direction moving means are provided. , The Z-direction moving means capable of moving the cutting blade in the Z-axis direction, and an α provided in the Z-direction moving means to hold the cutting blade and rotate the cutting blade in a direction orbiting the X-axis. Cutting including a directional rotating means, a β-direction rotating means capable of rotating the cutting blade in a direction rotating around the Y-axis, and a head having a γ-direction rotating means capable of rotating the cutting blade in a direction rotating around the Z-axis. It is a device.

Further, in the present invention, the processed material can be cut by moving the flat blade-shaped cutting blade relative to the processed material, and the processed material is parallel to the XY plane in the XYZ Cartesian coordinate system. The base having a mounting surface on which the above-mentioned structure can be placed, the X and Y direction moving means capable of moving the cutting blade in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction with respect to the base, and the X and Y direction moving means are provided. The cutting blade is provided in a Z-direction moving means capable of moving the cutting blade in the Z-axis direction and the Z-direction moving means, and the cutting blade can be held and rotated in a direction orbiting the X-axis. It includes an α-direction rotating means, a β-direction rotating means capable of rotating the cutting blade in a direction rotating around the Y-axis, and a head having a γ-direction rotating means capable of rotating the cutting blade in a direction rotating around the Z-axis. A control method for moving the cutting blade so that a rotating curved surface having a rotating axis inclined with respect to the Z axis is formed in the cutting device, and the rotating curved surface is driven by driving the moving means in the X and Y directions. While advancing the cutting blade along the line projected on the XY plane, the γ-direction rotating means is driven to change the direction of the cutting blade so as to follow the projected line, and further, the α-direction rotating means and / Alternatively, it is also a control method in which the β-direction rotating means is driven to tilt the cutting blade so that the cutting blade follows the rotating curved surface.

A hole in which the central axis is tilted with respect to the Z axis as shown in FIG. 5 is formed by moving the flat blade-shaped cutting blade relative to the work material placed on the horizontal plane, which will be described later. As described above, it is necessary to advance the cutting blade so as to draw an ellipse on a horizontal plane, change its direction along this ellipse, and further tilt the cutting blade in both the thickness direction and the width direction. Here, in the cutting device of the present invention, in addition to the X and Y direction moving means and the Z direction moving means, the cutting blade is rotated in the direction around the X axis, the direction around the Y axis, and the direction around the Z axis. It is equipped with a head having possible α-direction rotating means, β-direction rotating means, and γ-direction rotating means, and when the cutting blade is advanced along a curve, the direction of the cutting blade can be changed so as to follow the curve. It is also possible to tilt the cutting blade in both the thickness and width directions. That is, according to the cutting device of the present invention, not only can the cutting blade be moved like a conventional device, but it can also be tilted in the width direction, so that various curved surfaces including a tilted hole as shown in FIG. 5 are good. Can be formed into.

It is a top view which generally showed one Embodiment of the cutting apparatus which follows this invention. It is a side view which shows the periphery of the head in the embodiment of FIG. It is a front view of the head in the embodiment of FIG. It is a partially enlarged view of the cutting blade in the embodiment of FIG. 1, (a) is a front view, and (b) is a side view. FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing a situation in which a cylindrical hole having a rotation axis inclined with respect to the Z axis is formed in a processed material by the cutting device of FIG. It is a figure for demonstrating the situation of FIG. 5 in more detail, and is the figure which showed the state which made the cutting blade penetrate into the processed material. It is a figure which showed the state which moved the cutting blade 1/4 turn from the state of FIG. It is a figure which showed the state which moved the cutting blade 1/2 turn from the state of FIG. It is a figure which showed the state which moved the cutting blade 3/4 turn from the state of FIG.

Hereinafter, in explaining the cutting device and the control method thereof according to the present invention, first, one embodiment of the cutting device will be described with reference to the drawings. In the present embodiment, the XY plane in the XYZ Cartesian coordinate system is parallel to the horizontal plane, the X-axis direction is the front-rear direction, the Y-axis direction is the left-right direction, and the Z-axis direction is the direction along the vertical direction.

Reference numeral 1 in FIG. 1 indicates an embodiment of a cutting device. The cutting device 1 of the present embodiment includes a base 2 on which the processing material W is placed and a head 3 for holding the cutting blade S.

The base 2 includes a mounting surface 2a on which a processed material is mounted. The mounting surface 2a is parallel to the horizontal plane when the cutting device 1 is installed on the floor surface. Although not shown, the mounting surface of the base 2 is provided with suction holes for sucking and holding the processed material W by negative pressure. Further, the base 2 is provided with ancillary equipment for connecting to a power source for driving various means provided in the cutting device 1, an air source, and the like.

In the illustrated example, the processed material W is a flat plate having a rectangular shape in a plan view, but the shape is not limited to this. Further, the material includes various materials such as a paper product such as corrugated cardboard, a thin plate-shaped synthetic resin plate or a metal plate, and a relatively thick polyethylene or foam material.

Further, X and Y direction moving means 4 and Z direction moving means 5 are provided between the base 2 and the head 3, whereby the head 3 can move in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction with respect to the base 2. It can move in the Z-axis direction.

The X and Y direction moving means 4 of the present embodiment includes a pair of X-axis rails (not shown) extending in the X-axis direction and provided at intervals in the Y-axis direction with respect to the base 2, and an X-axis rail. An X-axis nut (not shown) that slides on the X-axis nut, a Y-axis frame 4a held by the X-axis nut, and as shown in FIG. 2, extending in the Y-axis direction and in the Z-axis direction with respect to the Y-axis frame 4a. A plurality of Y-axis rails 4b provided at intervals, a Y-axis nut 4c sliding on the Y-axis rail 4b, and a Y-axis moving base 4d held by the Y-axis nut 4c are included. Further, although detailed description will be omitted, the X- and Y-direction moving means 4 also includes a driving means for moving the Y-axis frame 4a and the Y-axis moving base 4d. In addition to using a motor (servo motor, stepping motor, etc.), a mechanism using a timing belt and a pulley, a mechanism using a ball screw, and a mechanism using a rack and a pinion can be used.

Further, the Z-direction moving means 5 slides on a pair of Z-axis rails 5a extending in the Z-axis direction and provided at intervals in the Y-axis direction with respect to the Y-axis moving base 4d, and a Z-axis rail 5a. It is configured to include a Z-axis nut 5b and a Z-axis moving base 5c held by the Z-axis nut 5b. Although not shown, the Z-direction moving means 5 includes a driving means for moving the Z-axis moving base 5c (similar to the X and Y-direction moving means 4 described above, a mechanism using a motor and a ball screw, etc.). ) Is provided.

The head 3 includes a γ-direction rotating means 6 capable of rotating the cutting blade S in the γ direction orbiting the Z-axis, a β-direction rotating means 7 capable of rotating the cutting blade S in the β direction orbiting the Y-axis, and an X-axis. The cutting blade S is provided with an α-direction rotating means 8 capable of rotating the cutting blade S in the α-direction. Further, the α-direction rotating means 8 is provided with a holder 9 for holding the cutting blade S.

The γ-direction rotating means 6 includes a columnar shaft portion 6a whose central axis is oriented in the Z-axis direction, and a U-shaped main body portion 6b that is connected to the shaft portion 6a and is open downward in a front view. Although not shown, the γ-direction rotating means 6 includes a mechanism (for example, a bearing) that rotatably supports the shaft portion 6a with respect to the Z-axis moving base 5c, and a mechanism for rotating the shaft portion 6a at a predetermined angle. It also has a mechanism (for example, a servo motor, a stepping motor, a pulley, a timing belt, etc.).

The β-direction rotating means 7 includes a columnar shaft portion 7a whose central axis points in the Y-axis direction, and a U-shaped main body portion 7b that is connected to the shaft portion 7a and is open downward in a side view. Although not shown, the β-direction rotating means 7 includes a mechanism (bearing or the like) that rotatably supports the shaft portion 7a with respect to the main body portion 6b, as well as a mechanism for rotating the shaft portion 8a at a predetermined angle (a mechanism for rotating the shaft portion 8a at a predetermined angle). It is equipped with a servo motor, stepping motor, pulley, timing belt, etc.).

The α-direction rotating means 8 includes a columnar shaft portion 8a whose central axis points in the X-axis direction, and a main body portion 8b that is connected to the shaft portion 8a and extends downward. Similar to the γ-direction rotating means 6 and the β-direction rotating means 7 described above, the α-direction rotating means 8 also has a mechanism for rotatably supporting the shaft portion 8a with respect to the main body portion 7b and a shaft portion 8a at a predetermined angle. It has a mechanism to rotate it.

The holder 9 is provided below the main body 8b. Although detailed description will be omitted, the holder 9 is provided with a fastening mechanism for holding the cutting blade S detachably, and can be replaced with an arbitrary cutting blade S.

As shown in FIG. 4, the cutting blade S has a flat blade shape, and its upper end is held by the holder 9. Here, the lower end portion of the cutting blade S is referred to as a cutting edge S1, and the flat extending surface is referred to as an extending surface S2. Further, a cutting edge S3 for cutting the processed material W is provided on the side edge portion of the extending surface S2. The illustrated cutting blade S is a single-edged blade having a relatively long cutting edge S3, but a cutting blade having a short cutting edge S3 may be used, or both edges of the extending surface may be used. A double-edged cutting blade provided in may be used. Further, the cutting blade S is configured to be attached to the holder 9 in a predetermined direction. In the cutting blade S of the present embodiment, in the states shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the longitudinal direction of the cutting blade S is oriented in the Z-axis direction, the width direction of the cutting blade S is oriented in the Y-axis direction, and the cutting blade S. It is attached to the holder 9 in a posture in which the thickness direction is oriented in the X-axis direction.

Although not shown, the head 3 is provided with a vibrating means for vibrating the cutting blade S in the longitudinal direction at the time of cutting and a pressing means for pressing the processed material W from above at the time of cutting.

Further, the cutting device 1 does not control the above-mentioned X and Y direction moving means 4, Z direction moving means 5, γ direction rotating means 6, β direction rotating means 7, α direction rotating means 8, and vibration means. The control board shown in the figure is provided. The control board sends commands to the X and Y direction moving means 4, the Z direction moving means 5, the γ direction rotating means 6, the β direction rotating means 7, the α direction rotating means 8, and the vibrating means, and these are individually sent. Alternatively, they can be driven in conjunction with each other.

According to the cutting device 1 having such a configuration, it is possible to form a circular hole in which the central axis O is inclined with respect to the Z axis as shown in FIG. 5 with respect to the processed material W. It is assumed that the hole shown here has the central axis O rotated by −30 ° in the β direction (not rotated in the α direction), and the radius of the hole is r. Therefore, as shown in the plan view from + Z in FIG. 6, this hole is an ellipse in which the X direction is longer than the Y direction in the plan view. The semi-minor axis of the ellipse in the Y direction is r, and the semi-major axis in the X direction is about 1.15 × r.

In forming the hole shown in FIG. 5, the β-direction rotating means 7 is driven to rotate the cutting blade S in the β direction by −30 ° and tilt it with respect to the Z-axis as shown in FIG. Then, the vibrating means is driven to vibrate the cutting blade S in the longitudinal direction, and the X and Y direction moving means 4 and the Z direction moving means 5 are driven to form the cutting blade S as shown in FIG. It is moved along the inner peripheral surface of the hole (along the generatrix of the cylindrical hole), and the cutting blade S is inserted until the cutting edge S1 reaches the lower surface of the work piece W. In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 6, the cutting blade S is inserted into the semi-major axis side of the ellipse in a plan view. Further, it is assumed that the rotation amounts of the cutting blade S by the α-direction rotating means 8, the β-direction rotating means 7, and the γ-direction rotating means 6 at this time are α = 0 °, β = −30 °, and γ = 0 °.

Next, the moving means 4 in the X and Y directions is driven to advance the cutting blade S, and the workpiece W is cut into a circle. FIG. 7 shows a state in which the inner peripheral surface of the hole is formed in 1/4. In the present embodiment, the cutting blade S is advanced so as to draw an ellipse in a plan view by driving the moving means 4 in the X and Y directions. At this time, the γ-direction rotating means 6 is also driven to advance the cutting blade S along the ellipse (so that the extending surface S2 of the cutting blade S points in the tangential direction of the ellipse). To do. In the present embodiment, the Z-direction moving means 5 is also driven when the cutting blade S is advanced, and the cutting blade S1 of the cutting blade S slightly protrudes from the lower surface of the processing material W during cutting. S is moved in the vertical direction.

By the way, in order to move the cutting blade S from the position shown in FIG. 6 to the position shown in FIG. 7 along the inner peripheral surface of the hole, the cutting blade S is rotated from 0 ° to + 90 ° in the γ direction and in the α direction. It is necessary to incline from 0 ° to + 30 °, and it is necessary to incline from -30 ° to 0 ° in the β direction. That is, in the conventional cutting device, although the cutting blade S can be tilted in the β direction, it cannot be tilted in the α direction. Therefore, the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical hole in which the central axis O is tilted with respect to the Z axis. The cutting blade S could not be moved along the line. On the other hand, in the cutting mechanism of the present embodiment, the cutting blade S can be tilted in the α direction and the β direction by driving the α direction rotating means 8 and the β direction rotating means 7. Therefore, when advancing the cutting blade S from the state shown in FIG. 6 to the state shown in FIG. 7, the cutting blade S is tilted in the α direction and the β direction and moved along the inner peripheral surface of the hole to form a circle. The hole can be formed as intended.

After that, the cutting blade S is advanced to the position shown in FIG. 8 so as to draw an ellipse in a plan view to form 1/2 of the inner peripheral surface of the hole. From the position shown in FIG. 7 to the position shown in FIG. 8, the cutting blade S is rotated from + 90 ° to + 180 ° in the γ direction, tilted from + 30 ° to 0 ° in the α direction, and from 0 ° in the β direction. Tilt up to + 30 °.

Further, by advancing the cutting blade S from the position shown in FIG. 8 to the position shown in FIG. 9 so as to draw an ellipse in a plan view, the inner peripheral surface of the hole can be formed 3/4. During this period, the cutting blade S is rotated from + 180 ° to + 270 ° in the γ direction, tilted from 0 ° to −30 ° in the α direction, and tilted from + 30 ° to 0 ° in the β direction.

Then, the intended hole can be formed by further advancing the cutting blade S from the position shown in FIG. 9 to the position shown in FIG. During this period, the cutting blade S is rotated from + 270 ° to + 360 ° in the γ direction, tilted from −30 ° to 0 ° in the α direction, and tilted from 0 ° to −30 ° in the β direction. As a result, a circular hole in which the central axis O is tilted by 30 ° with respect to the Z axis can be formed in the processed material W.

The cutting device and the control method thereof according to the present invention have been described above, but the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described so far, and includes those with various modifications within the scope of the claims. .. For example, what can be formed by the control method of the cutting device according to the present invention is not limited to the cylindrical hole whose central axis is inclined with respect to the Z axis as described above, and for example, a conical hole whose central axis is inclined with respect to the Z axis. Holes can also be formed.

1: Cutting device 2: Base 2a: Mounting surface 3: Head 4: X, Y-direction moving means 4a: Y-axis frame 4b: Y-axis rail 4c: Y-axis nut 4d: Y-axis moving base 5: Z-direction moving means 5a: Z-axis rail 5b: Z-axis nut 5c: Z-axis moving base 6: γ-direction rotating means 6a: Shaft part 6b: Main body 7: β-direction rotating means 7a: Shaft 7b: Main body 8: α-direction rotating means 8a: Shaft part 8b: Main body part 9: Holder S: Cutting blade S1: Cutting edge S2: Extended surface S3: Cutting edge W: Processed material

Claims (2)

It is possible to cut the processed material by moving the flat blade-shaped cutting blade relative to the processed material.
A base having a mounting surface parallel to the XY plane in the XYZ Cartesian coordinate system and on which the processed material can be mounted,
An X- and Y-direction moving means capable of moving the cutting blade in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction with respect to the base.
A Z-direction moving means provided in the X- and Y-direction moving means and capable of moving the cutting blade in the Z-axis direction.
The α-direction rotating means provided in the Z-direction moving means and capable of holding the cutting blade and rotating the cutting blade in the direction of rotating the X-axis, and the cutting blade can be rotated in the direction of rotating the Y-axis. A cutting device including a β-direction rotating means and a head having a γ-direction rotating means capable of rotating the cutting blade in a direction orbiting the Z-axis. It is possible to cut the processed material by moving the flat blade-shaped cutting blade relative to the processed material.
A base having a mounting surface parallel to the XY plane in the XYZ Cartesian coordinate system and on which the processed material can be mounted,
An X- and Y-direction moving means capable of moving the cutting blade in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction with respect to the base.
A Z-direction moving means provided in the X- and Y-direction moving means and capable of moving the cutting blade in the Z-axis direction.
The α-direction rotating means provided in the Z-direction moving means and capable of holding the cutting blade and rotating the cutting blade in the direction of rotating the X-axis, and the cutting blade can be rotated in the direction of rotating the Y-axis. In a cutting device including a β-direction rotating means and a head having a γ-direction rotating means capable of rotating the cutting blade in a direction orbiting the Z-axis, a rotating curved surface having a rotating axis inclined with respect to the Z-axis is formed. It is a control method for moving the cutting blade so as to be performed.
The cutting blade is advanced along the line projected on the XY plane by driving the X and Y direction moving means, and the cutting is performed along the projected line by driving the γ direction rotating means. A control method in which the direction of the blade is changed and the α-direction rotating means and / or the β-direction rotating means is driven to tilt the cutting blade so that the cutting blade follows the rotating curved surface.

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