JP2020193648A - Engaging clutch - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide an engaging clutch capable of detecting an engaging state in addition to a rotational phase difference between two clutch members, using a magnetic sensor device good in mountability.SOLUTION: An actuator 5 moves at least one of a first clutch member 11 and a second clutch member 12 toward the other to engage first engagement teeth 13 with second engagement teeth 14. A sensor device 6 detects the rotational phase difference between the two clutch members 11, 12, and a control device 7 controls the actuator 5 on the basis of the detected rotational phase difference. The sensor device 6 includes a magnet 16 to form a magnetic flux having strength according to the rotational phase difference, and a magnetic flux detection element 19 for detecting a change in the magnetic flux of the magnet 16 during the rotation of the clutch members 11, 12.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

The present disclosure relates to a meshing clutch.

Conventionally, there is known a technique for detecting the rotational phase difference between two clutch members and engaging the engaging teeth without colliding with each other. For example, Patent Document 1 describes a technique for installing an optical sensor for detecting a rotational phase difference at a distance from a clutch member. Further, in the same document, a hall sensor is used as a means for detecting a phase difference, and separate hall sensors are provided for two engaging teeth, or one hall sensor is provided so as to straddle the two engaging teeth. Therefore, a technique for detecting the rotational phase difference between the two clutch members based on the AC component of the signal output by the sensor has been proposed.

Special Table 2013-513766

However, according to the prior art using an optical sensor, since the optical sensor is installed far away from the clutch member, a large space is required around the clutch, and the mountability of the sensor device is poor. Further, according to the prior art using the Hall sensor, since one or two Hall sensors detect the magnetic flux passing through the engaging teeth in the rotational direction, the rotational phase difference of the clutch member can be detected, but the clutch There is a problem that the relative position in the meshing direction of the members, for example, the state where the meshing is completed or not completed cannot be detected.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to detect a meshing state in addition to a rotational phase difference between two clutch members by using a sensor device having excellent mountability. The purpose is to provide a meshing clutch.

In order to solve the above problems, the meshing clutch of the present invention can be released to the first clutch member (11) in which a plurality of first engaging teeth (12) are arranged in the circumferential direction and the first engaging tooth. A second clutch member (12) in which a plurality of meshing second engaging teeth (14) are arranged in the circumferential direction, and at least one of the first clutch member and the second clutch member of the first clutch member and the second clutch member. An actuator (5) that moves toward the other side and engages the first engaging tooth and the second engaging tooth with each other, and a sensor device (6) that detects the rotational phase difference between the first clutch member and the second clutch member. And a control device (7) that controls the clutch based on the detected rotation phase difference.

The sensor device includes a magnet (16) formed so as to allow a magnetic flux (F1) having a strength corresponding to the rotational phase difference to pass in the meshing direction of the first engaging tooth and the second engaging tooth, the first clutch member, and the sensor device. It includes a magnetic flux detecting element (19) that detects a change in the magnetic flux of the magnet during rotation of the second clutch member.

Therefore, according to the meshing clutch of the present disclosure, it is possible to detect the meshing state in addition to the rotational phase difference of the clutch member based on the change of the magnetic flux passing through the clutch member in the meshing direction.

It is a front view of the meshing clutch which shows 1st Embodiment. It is an enlarged view of the part II of FIG. 1 which shows the magnetic flux formed by the magnet of a sensor device. It is the schematic which shows the meshing possible state and the disengagement state of a clutch member. It is a characteristic figure which shows the correlation of the rotational phase difference and magnetic flux of a clutch member. It is a perspective view of the meshing clutch which shows the 2nd Embodiment. It is the schematic which shows the modification of the engaging tooth and its action.

Hereinafter, the meshing clutch according to a plurality of embodiments will be described with reference to the drawings. In the plurality of embodiments, substantially the same constituent parts are designated by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be omitted. Moreover, substantially the same constituent parts in a plurality of embodiments exhibit the same or similar effects.

<First Embodiment>
The meshing clutch 1 of the first embodiment includes a first clutch member 11 on the drive side and a second clutch member 12 on the driven side in a direction (axial direction) in which the clutch axis A extends. The first clutch member 11 is rotated by the power device 2 via the first rotation shaft (drive shaft) 3, and the second clutch member 12 receives power from the power device 2 via the second rotation shaft (driven shaft) 4. It is transmitted to the drive member (not shown). The first clutch member 11 and the second clutch member 12 are made of a magnetic material such as iron.

A plurality of first engaging teeth 13 and second engaging teeth 14 are formed on the opposite end faces of the first clutch member 11 and the second clutch member 12, respectively, over the entire circumference of the clutch member. The engaging teeth 13 and 14 are formed in a concavo-convex shape that meshes with each other so as to be releasable, and at least one clutch member is moved toward the other clutch member by the actuator 5, and the engaging teeth 13 and 14 mesh with each other. It is arranged at the release position separated from.

A sensor device 6 for detecting the rotational phase difference of both clutch members 11 and 12 is installed in the vicinity of the outer periphery of the clutch members 11 and 12. The sensor device 6 includes a U-shaped or bridge-shaped magnetic body 15 opened on the clutch members 11 and 12 sides, and the magnet 16 is held by the magnetic body 15 substantially parallel to the clutch axis A. Further, the magnetic body 15 has a connecting portion 18 that magnetically connects both poles of the magnet 16, a first magnetic flux guiding portion 171 that is in contact with one pole of the magnet 16, and a second magnetic flux that is in contact with the other pole of the magnet 16. A guide portion 172 is provided.

As shown in FIG. 2, the magnet 16 is formed so as to pass a magnetic flux F1 having a strength corresponding to the rotational phase difference of the clutch members 11 and 12 in the meshing direction of the clutch members 11 and 12. Then, the connecting portion 18 connects the two poles of the magnet 16 at a position farther outward from the clutch members 11 and 12 than the magnet 16 to form an auxiliary magnetic flux F2 on the opposite side of the magnetic flux F1, thereby forming the magnetic flux F1. It is designed to stabilize.

On the other hand, the first magnetic flux guiding unit 171 guides the magnetic flux F1 from one pole (N pole) of the magnet 16 to the first clutch member 11, and the second magnetic flux guiding unit 172 guides the magnetic flux F1 from the second clutch member 12 to the magnet 16. To the other pole (S pole) of. A magnetic flux detecting element 19 such as a Hall element is attached to the end surface of the first magnetic flux guiding portion 171, and the magnetic flux F1 in which the magnetic detecting element 19 passes through the first magnetic flux guiding portion 171 while the clutch members 11 and 12 are rotating. Detect changes.

Then, the magnetic flux detecting element 19 is connected to the control device 7, and the control device 2 calculates the rotational phase difference between the first clutch member 11 and the second clutch member 12 from the output of the magnetic flux detecting element 19, and the calculated rotational phase difference. The operation of the power unit 2 and the actuator 5 is controlled based on the above.

According to the meshing clutch 1 of the above embodiment, the magnetic flux F1 generated by the magnet 16 is focused on the end of the magnetic flux guiding portion 171 and the first engaging tooth 13 and the second engaging tooth 13 are focused in the meshing direction of the clutch members 11 and 12. Pass through 14. Here, focusing on the gaps between the clutch members 11 and 12, as shown in FIG. 3A, when the clutch members 11 and 12 are in the meshable state, the ridges of the first engaging teeth 13 and the second engaging teeth 13 are engaged. The valleys of the teeth 14 face each other, the axial gap between the tip surfaces of the engaging teeth 13 and 14 is maximized, and the area where the peaks face each other is minimized. In this state, the strength of the magnetic flux passing through the clutch members 11 and 12 is minimized, so that the actuator 5 can be operated to smoothly engage the two clutch members 11 and 12.

On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 3B, when the clutch members 11 and 12 are in a disengaged state, the ridges of the first engaging teeth 13 and the ridges of the second engaging teeth 14 face each other at least partially. The axial gap between the tip surfaces of the engaging teeth 13 and 14 becomes smaller, and the area where the peaks face each other gradually increases with rotation. Since the magnetic permeability of the air contained in the gap is smaller than that of the engaging teeth 13 and 14, the smaller the axial gap, the stronger the magnetic flux passing through the clutch members 11 and 12, and the engaging teeth 13 and 14 The larger the area where the peaks face each other, the stronger the magnetic flux passing through the clutch members 11 and 12.

In this way, the magnetic flux strength detected by the magnetic flux detecting element 19 changes according to the rotational phase difference of the clutch members 11 and 12, as shown in FIG. 4A. Therefore, the control device 7 can discriminate the rotational phase difference between the two clutch members 11 and 12 based on the strength of the magnetic flux output by the magnetic flux detecting element 19. Further, as shown in FIG. 4B, when the clutch members 11 and 12 are correctly engaged, the gap between the engaging teeth 13 and 14 is minimized, and the magnetic flux passing through the clutch members 11 and 12 is the maximum constant value. Is shown. Therefore, according to the sensor device 6 of the present embodiment, it is possible to detect the engagement completed or incomplete state of the clutch 1 in addition to the rotational phase difference of the clutch members 11 and 12.

By the way, when the magnetic permeability of the path of the magnetic flux that does not pass through the clutch members 11 and 12 is very small with respect to the change width of the magnetic permeability due to the rotational phase difference, even if the magnetic permeability changes due to the rotational phase difference, the magnet 16 Almost all of the generated magnetic flux passes through the clutch members 11 and 12, and the change in magnetic flux detected by the magnetic flux detecting element 19 becomes very small. On the contrary, even when the magnetic permeability of the magnetic flux path that does not pass through the clutch members 11 and 12 is very large with respect to the change width of the magnetic permeability due to the rotational phase difference, almost all the magnetic flux generated by the magnet 16 causes the clutch members 11 and 12 to pass. It does not pass, and the change in magnetic flux detected by the magnetic flux detecting element 19 becomes very small.

Therefore, in the sensor device 6 of the present embodiment, the magnetic body 15 is provided with the connecting portion 18, and the magnetic flux that does not pass through the clutch members 11 and 12 is guided so as to pass through the connecting portion 18, depending on the cross-sectional area of the connecting portion 18. By adjusting the magnetic permeability of the path where the auxiliary magnetic flux F2 extends so as to be close to the change width of the magnetic permeability due to the rotational phase difference of the clutch members 11 and 12, the magnetic flux change due to the rotational phase difference is increased and the detection accuracy is stable. Can be made to.

(Action effect)
The operation and effect of the meshing clutch 1 according to the above configuration will be described. As described above, according to the meshing clutch 1 of the present embodiment, the meshing state is detected in addition to the rotational phase difference of the clutch members 11 and 12 based on the change of the magnetic flux passing through the clutch members 11 and 12 in the meshing direction. Can be done.

The sensor device 6 further includes a connecting portion 18 that connects both poles of the magnet 16 on opposite sides of the first clutch member 11 and the second clutch member 12, and transmits magnetic flux passing through the first clutch member 11 and the second clutch member 12. An auxiliary magnetic flux F2 for stabilizing is formed by the connecting portion 18. Since the density of the auxiliary magnetic flux F2 changes depending on the size of the cross-sectional area of the connecting portion 18, the strength of the magnetic flux can be adjusted according to the rotational phase difference of the clutch members 11 and 12. Therefore, it is possible to design a sensor device 6 having an appropriate size in consideration of the application and installation conditions of the meshing clutch 1.

Further, the sensor device 6 has a first magnetic flux guiding unit 171 that guides magnetic flux from one pole of the magnet 16 to the first clutch member 11, and a second magnetic flux that is guided from the second clutch member 12 to the other pole of the magnet 16. It is provided with two magnetic flux guiding units 172, and the magnetic flux detecting element 19 is configured to detect a change in magnetic flux passing through at least one of the first magnetic flux guiding unit 171 and the second magnetic flux guiding unit 172. According to this configuration, the magnetic flux formed by the magnet 16 is focused on the two engaging teeth 13 and 14 which are in a corresponding relationship, and the rotational phase difference of the clutch member can be accurately detected by using the relatively small magnet 16. Is.

Further, the magnetic flux detecting element 19 detects the meshing state of the clutch members 11 and 12 based on the change of the magnetic flux passing in the meshing direction. For example, when the first engaging tooth 13 and the second engaging tooth 23 are correctly meshed without a gap, the magnetic flux detecting element 19 outputs a signal indicating the maximum magnetic flux to the control device 7, and the control device 7 sets the meshing completed state. A clutch actuator, a power source, an alarm device, etc., such as when a judgment is made or when the magnetic flux detection element 19 does not output a signal indicating the maximum magnetic flux within a predetermined time, the control device 7 judges a poor meshing state. Can be controlled in various ways.

<Second Embodiment>
Next, the second embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. In the meshing clutch 1 of the second embodiment, the external tooth type first clutch member 21 and the internal tooth type second clutch member 22 are used. The first clutch member 21 is formed in the shape of a spur gear, and a plurality of first engaging teeth 23 are formed on the outer peripheral surface thereof over the entire circumference of the clutch member 21. The second clutch member 22 is formed in a cup shape, and a plurality of second engaging teeth 24 are formed on the inner peripheral surface thereof over the entire circumference of the clutch member 22.

The first engaging tooth 23 and the second engaging tooth 24 are formed in an uneven shape that meshes with each other so as to be releasable. Then, as in the first embodiment, at least one of the first clutch member 21 and the second clutch member 22 is moved in the axial direction by the actuator 5 (see FIG. 1), whereby the first clutch member 21 and the second clutch are used. It is possible to switch between a meshed state in which the members 22 mesh with each other and an released state in which the members 22 are separated from each other.

The magnetic body 15 of the sensor device 6 is provided with a magnet 16, a magnetic flux guiding portion 171, 172, a connecting portion 18, and a magnetic flux detecting element 19 that function in the same manner as in the first embodiment. However, unlike the first embodiment, the first magnetic flux guiding portion 171 is arranged so as to be adjacent to the first rotating shaft 3 connected to the external tooth type first clutch member 21, and the second magnetic flux guiding portion 172 is arranged. It is arranged so as to be adjacent to the outer peripheral surface of the internal tooth type second clutch member 22. Then, the magnetic flux detecting element 19 attached to the end face of the first magnetic flux guiding portion 171 is configured to detect the magnetic flux that changes according to the rotational phase difference of the clutch members 21 and 22.

According to the above configuration, in the external tooth type first clutch member 21, the first magnetic flux guiding portion 171 is adjacent to the first rotating shaft 3, and the magnetic flux detecting element 19 is affected by the uneven shape of the first engaging tooth 23. It can be placed in a position where it will not be received. Further, in the internal tooth type second clutch member 22, the position where the gap between the second magnetic flux guiding portion 172 and the second clutch member 22 does not change with rotation, that is, the outer peripheral surface (cylindrical surface) of the second clutch member 22. ), Or can be adjacent to the second rotating shaft 4 connected to the second clutch member 22. Therefore, both the clutch members 21 and 22 can accurately detect the rotation phase difference at a position where the distance between the clutch members 21 and 22 does not fluctuate during rotation.

<Modification example>
FIG. 6 shows a modified example of the engaging tooth. Here, at least one of the two engaging teeth 13, 14 is provided with an inclined surface 26 that is obliquely opposed to the other. In the illustrated example, the tip surface of the first engaging tooth 13 is an inclined surface 26 that is inclined with respect to a plane orthogonal to the meshing direction, and the tip surface of the second engaging tooth 14 facing the inclined surface 26 is the plane. It is a flat surface 27 parallel to the above. According to the combination of the inclined surface 26 and the flat surface 27, the facing areas of the engaging teeth 13 and 14 change due to the difference in the number of rotations of the clutch members 11 and 12, and the average distance in the axial direction also changes.

On the other hand, the magnetic permeability between the two clutch members 11 and 12 changes linearly when only the facing area changes, but changes linearly when the change in the average distance in the axial direction is weighted. .. Therefore, when the engaging teeth 13 and 14 start to face each other from the side where the interdental distance is shortened by the inclined surface 26, the magnetic permeability suddenly increases at the initial stage of facing, and then the facing area increases and the average distance. As the distance increases, the magnetic permeability gradually increases. When the magnetic permeability is plotted with respect to time, a curve that becomes convex upward when the magnetic permeability increases and a curve that becomes convex downward when the magnetic permeability decreases are formed.

Similarly, when the engaging teeth 13 and 14 start facing each other from the side where the interdental distance is long, the magnetic permeability is a curve that is convex downward when increasing and a curve that is convex upward when decreasing. Draw and change. Therefore, by time-differentiating this change in magnetic permeability and obtaining the product of the first-order derivative and the second-order derivative, it is possible to detect which of the clutch members 11 and 12 has the higher rotation speed. Then, in order to reduce the difference in rotation speed, the control device 7 can determine which clutch member has a higher or lower rotation speed.

As described above, the meshing clutch 1 of the present disclosure can perform useful control by changing the output waveform of the magnetic flux detecting element 19 by changing the shapes of the engaging teeth 13 and 14. For example, as described above, at least one of the first engaging tooth 13 and the second engaging tooth 14 may be provided with an inclined surface 26 that is obliquely opposed to the other engaging tooth. In this way, when there is a difference in rotation speed between the two clutch members 11 and 12, the difference in rotation speed is obtained from the periodic change of the magnetic flux, and the output waveform is changed by the inclined surface 26. It is possible to determine whether the rotation speed of 12 is high and perform control for eliminating the difference in rotation speed.

It should be noted that the present disclosure is not limited to the above-described embodiment and modification, and as illustrated below, the configuration of each part can be appropriately changed and implemented without departing from the purpose of the disclosure. Is.

(1) In the first embodiment and the second embodiment, the actuator 5 moves the first clutch member 11 toward the second clutch member 12, respectively. On the contrary, the second clutch member It is also possible to move the 12 toward the first clutch member 11.
(2) In the second embodiment, the first magnetic flux guiding portion 171 is arranged so as to be adjacent to the rotation shaft 3 of the first clutch member 21, but the second magnetic flux guiding portion 172 is rotated by the second clutch member 22. It can also be arranged so as to be adjacent to the shaft 4.
(3) The shape of the engaging tooth is not limited to the above modification, and can be appropriately changed, for example, according to the application and installation conditions of the meshing clutch 1.

1 ... meshing clutch,
5 ... Actuator, 6 ... Sensor device, 7 ... Control device,
11 ... 1st clutch member, 12 ... 2nd clutch member,
13, 23 ... 1st engaging tooth, 14, 24 ... 2nd engaging tooth,
16 ... Magnet, 171 ... First magnetic flux induction unit, 172 ... Second magnetic flux induction unit,
18 ... Connecting part,
19 ... Magnetic flux detection element,
21 ... Internal tooth type first clutch member, 22 ... External tooth type second clutch member,
F1 ... magnetic flux, F2 ... auxiliary magnetic flux.

Claims (6)

A first clutch member (11, 21) in which a plurality of first engaging teeth (13, 23) are arranged in the circumferential direction,
A second clutch member (12, 22) in which a plurality of second engaging teeth (14, 24) that are releasably meshed with the first engaging tooth are arranged in the circumferential direction.
At least one of the first clutch member and the second clutch member is moved toward the other of the first clutch member and the second clutch member, and the first engaging tooth and the second engaging tooth are mutually moved. With the actuator (5) that meshes
A sensor device (6) for detecting the rotational phase difference between the first clutch member and the second clutch member, and
A control device (7) that controls the actuator based on the detected rotational phase difference, and
With
The sensor device is
A magnet (16) formed so as to allow a magnetic flux (F1) having a strength corresponding to the rotational phase difference to pass in the meshing direction of the first engaging tooth and the second engaging tooth.
A meshing clutch including a magnetic flux detecting element (19) that detects a change in the magnetic flux of the magnet during rotation of the first clutch member and the second clutch member. The sensor device further includes a connecting portion (18) that connects the two poles of the magnet on the opposite side of the first clutch member and the second clutch member.
The meshing clutch according to claim 1, wherein an auxiliary magnetic flux (F2) that stabilizes the magnetic flux passing through the first clutch member and the second clutch member is formed by the connecting portion. The sensor device has a first magnetic flux guiding unit (171) that guides magnetic flux from one pole of the magnet to the first clutch member, and a first magnetic flux that is guided from the second clutch member to the other pole of the magnet. 2. The meshing clutch according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a magnetic flux induction unit (172). The third aspect of the present invention, wherein at least one of the first magnetic flux guiding portion and the second magnetic flux guiding portion is adjacent to the corresponding first clutch member or the rotating shaft (3, 4) connected to the second clutch member. Engagement clutch. The magnetic flux detecting element of claims 1 to 4 outputs a signal indicating a maximum value of the magnetic flux of the magnet to the control device when the first engaging tooth and the second engaging tooth complete meshing. The meshing clutch according to any one item. Claim 1 in which at least one of the first engaging tooth and the second engaging tooth includes an inclined surface (26) obliquely opposed to the other of the first engaging tooth and the second engaging tooth. The meshing clutch according to any one of 5 to 5.

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