JP2020187843A - LED lighting device and plant cultivation shelf - Google Patents
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、ＬＥＤ（発光ダイオード）を光源に持つ照明装置及び植物栽培棚に関する。 The present invention relates to a lighting device having an LED (light emitting diode) as a light source and a plant cultivation shelf.
農産物栽培手法として、光、温度、二酸化炭素濃度などの内部環境が制御された閉鎖的な空間で植物を栽培する植物工場が注目されている。この植物工場によれば、（ｉ）天候に左右されずに狭い土地で植物を大量生産できる、（ii）無農薬、新鮮、清潔といった高付加価値の植物を安定供給できる、（iii）食の安全・安心、健康志向に合致する、といった多くの利点がある。 As an agricultural product cultivation method, a plant factory that cultivates plants in a closed space where the internal environment such as light, temperature, and carbon dioxide concentration is controlled is attracting attention. According to this plant factory, (i) mass production of plants in a small land regardless of the weather, (ii) stable supply of high value-added plants such as pesticide-free, fresh and clean, (iii) food It has many advantages such as safety, security, and health consciousness.
植物栽培用の照明装置として、高圧ナトリウムランプ、メタルハライドランプ、蛍光灯等を光源として利用したものが周知である。一方において近年では、省電力化や環境対策の観点から、これら従来の光源に替わり、ＬＥＤ（発光ダイオード）が光源として採用されつつある。 As a lighting device for plant cultivation, a high-pressure sodium lamp, a metal halide lamp, a fluorescent lamp, or the like is well known as a light source. On the other hand, in recent years, LEDs (light emitting diodes) have been adopted as light sources in place of these conventional light sources from the viewpoint of power saving and environmental measures.
ＬＥＤは、従来の光源と比較した場合、消費電力が１／２〜１／４程度となりそれ自身の寿命も大幅に延びるために、植物工場の運営上の経費削減に貢献する。さらにＬＥＤは、従来の光源と比較して熱放射が少ないため近接照明しても植物の葉焼けを回避することができ、多段栽培を可能とし単位面積当たりの収穫量の向上にも貢献する。 Compared with the conventional light source, the LED consumes about 1/2 to 1/4 of the power and greatly extends the life of the LED itself, which contributes to the cost reduction in the operation of the plant factory. Furthermore, since LEDs emit less heat than conventional light sources, it is possible to avoid leaf burning of plants even when illuminated in close proximity, enabling multi-stage cultivation and contributing to an improvement in the yield per unit area.
植物栽培用照明に要求される性能として、栽培領域に対する照射効率及び照射均斉度が挙げられる。前者の照射効率の性能が優れることにより、植物工場の運営上の経費削減に貢献することができる。また後者の照射均斉度の性能が優れることで、植物の発育のバラツキを回避することができ、品質を向上させることができる。 The performance required for lighting for plant cultivation includes irradiation efficiency and irradiation uniformity for the cultivation area. The excellent performance of the former irradiation efficiency can contribute to the cost reduction in the operation of the plant factory. Further, since the latter performance of irradiation uniformity is excellent, it is possible to avoid variations in the growth of plants and improve the quality.
ところで、ＬＥＤ素子の発光は指向性が高いため、ＬＥＤの光軸が交わる照射領域の中心部の照度が、その縁側部よりも局所的に大きくなってしまう。そこで、栽培領域に対する照射効率及び照射均斉度を向上させるために、リフレクタによる反射を利用することが考えらえる（例えば、特許文献１）。 By the way, since the light emission of the LED element has high directivity, the illuminance in the central portion of the irradiation region where the optical axes of the LEDs intersect is locally larger than that in the veranda portion thereof. Therefore, in order to improve the irradiation efficiency and irradiation uniformity for the cultivated area, it is conceivable to use the reflection by the reflector (for example, Patent Document 1).
ところで、植物栽培棚では、０．６×１．２ｍ程度の栽培領域とＬＥＤ光源との間隔が、育成対象に応じて０．０５ｍ（５ｃｍ）〜１ｍと幅広く設定される。このような幅広い間隔設定の全てに対し、配光角が固定的に設定されたＬＥＤ光源では、要求される照射効率及び照射均斉度を、充分に満足させられない課題があった。 By the way, in the plant cultivation shelf, the distance between the cultivation area of about 0.6 × 1.2 m and the LED light source is widely set to 0.05 m (5 cm) to 1 m depending on the cultivation target. With respect to all of such a wide range of interval settings, the LED light source in which the light distribution angle is fixedly set has a problem that the required irradiation efficiency and irradiation uniformity cannot be sufficiently satisfied.
本発明はこのような事情を考慮してなされたもので、ＬＥＤ光源との間隔や栽培領域の大きさに依存することなく、照射効率及び照射均斉度に優れるＬＥＤ照明装置及び植物栽培棚を提供することを目的とする。 The present invention has been made in consideration of such circumstances, and provides an LED lighting device and a plant cultivation shelf having excellent irradiation efficiency and irradiation uniformity, regardless of the distance from the LED light source and the size of the cultivation area. The purpose is to do.
本発明に係るＬＥＤ照明装置において、光軸が互いに逆向きとなるように配置されたＬＥＤ素子の組と、前記ＬＥＤ素子の組の光軸と交わるように配置される一対のリフレクタと、前記一対のリフレクタの反射面を傾斜させて前記光軸の入射角を変化させるティルト機構部と、を備える。 In the LED lighting device according to the present invention, a set of LED elements arranged so that their optical axes are opposite to each other, a pair of reflectors arranged so as to intersect the optical axes of the set of LED elements, and the pair. A tilt mechanism unit for inclining the reflecting surface of the reflector to change the incident angle of the optical axis is provided.
本発明により、ＬＥＤ光源との間隔や栽培領域の大きさに依存することなく、照射効率及び照射均斉度に優れるＬＥＤ照明装置及び植物栽培棚が提供される。 INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention provides an LED lighting device and a plant cultivation shelf having excellent irradiation efficiency and irradiation uniformity, regardless of the distance from the LED light source and the size of the cultivation area.
（第１実施形態）
以下、本発明の実施形態を添付図面に基づいて説明する。図１（Ａ）は本発明の第１実施形態に係るＬＥＤ照明装置１０Ａ（１０）の斜視図である。図１（Ｂ）は第１実施形態に係るＬＥＤ照明装置１０Ａにおいてリフレクタ１５ａ，１５ｂの傾斜角を狭く設定した場合の断面図である。図１（Ｃ）は第１実施形態に係るＬＥＤ照明装置１０Ａにおいてリフレクタ１５ａ，１５ｂの傾斜角を広く設定した場合の断面図である。
(First Embodiment)
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1A is a perspective view of the LED lighting device 10A (10) according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1B is a cross-sectional view of the LED lighting device 10A according to the first embodiment when the tilt angles of the reflectors 15a and 15b are set to be narrow. FIG. 1C is a cross-sectional view of the LED lighting device 10A according to the first embodiment when the tilt angles of the reflectors 15a and 15b are set wide.
図１（Ｂ）（Ｃ）に示すように第１実施形態のＬＥＤ照明装置１０Ａは、光軸１１ａ，１１ｂが互いに逆向きとなるように配置されたＬＥＤ素子１２ａ，１２ｂの組と、このＬＥＤ素子１２ａ，１２ｂの組の光軸１１ａ，１１ｂと交わるように配置される一対のリフレクタ１５ａ，１５ｂと、これら一対のリフレクタ１５ａ，１５ｂの反射面を傾斜させて光軸１１ａ，１１ｂの入射角αを変化させるティルト機構部１６ａ，１６ｂと、を備えている。 As shown in FIGS. 1B and 1C, the LED lighting device 10A of the first embodiment includes a set of LED elements 12a and 12b arranged so that the optical axes 11a and 11b are opposite to each other, and the LED. A pair of reflectors 15a and 15b arranged so as to intersect the optical axes 11a and 11b of a set of elements 12a and 12b, and an incident angle α of the optical axes 11a and 11b by inclining the reflection surfaces of the pair of reflectors 15a and 15b. The tilt mechanism portions 16a and 16b for changing the above are provided.
そして第１実施形態のＬＥＤ照明装置１０ＡにおけるＬＥＤ素子１２ａ，１２ｂの組は、光軸１１ａ，１１ｂの方向が互いに外側を向くように設定されている。そして、一対のリフレクタ１５ａ，１５ｂは、互いの反射面が内側を向くように傾斜している。さらに一対のリフレクタ１５ａ，１５ｂの反射面を傾斜させる回動軸１８ａ，１８ｂと平行方向に複数のＬＥＤ素子１２ａ，１２ｂの組を配列させる一対の回路基板１７ａ，１７ｂを備えている。この一対の回路基板１７ａ，１７ｂは、ＬＥＤ素子１２ａ，１２ｂの実装面を外側に向けて背中合わせに平行に配置されている。 The set of the LED elements 12a and 12b in the LED lighting device 10A of the first embodiment is set so that the directions of the optical axes 11a and 11b face each other outward. The pair of reflectors 15a and 15b are inclined so that their reflection surfaces face inward. Further, a pair of circuit boards 17a and 17b for arranging a set of a plurality of LED elements 12a and 12b in a direction parallel to the rotation shafts 18a and 18b that incline the reflecting surfaces of the pair of reflectors 15a and 15b are provided. The pair of circuit boards 17a and 17b are arranged in parallel back to back with the mounting surfaces of the LED elements 12a and 12b facing outward.
これにより、複数のＬＥＤ素子１２ａ（１２ｂ）の配列方向とその光軸１１ａ（１１ｂ）の方向とは、直角関係を有している。そして、ＬＥＤ素子１２ａ（１２ｂ）から直進する光軸１１ａ（１１ｂ）は、全てにおいて、リフレクタ１５ａ（１５ｂ）の反射面に対し、同じ値の入射角αで入射する。そして、入射角αで入射した発光は、リフレクタ１５ａ（１５ｂ）の反射面から同値の反射角で反射され、栽培領域（図示略）を照らす。 As a result, the arrangement direction of the plurality of LED elements 12a (12b) and the direction of the optical axis 11a (11b) thereof have a right-angle relationship. Then, the optical axes 11a (11b) traveling straight from the LED elements 12a (12b) are all incident on the reflecting surface of the reflector 15a (15b) at an incident angle α of the same value. Then, the light emitted at the incident angle α is reflected from the reflection surface of the reflector 15a (15b) at the same reflection angle to illuminate the cultivation area (not shown).
ＬＥＤ素子１２（１２ａ，１２ｂ）は、植物の葉緑素（クロロフィル）における光合成に必要な波長領域の光を発光するものである。栽培対象の植物にあわせて、最適な波長を発光するＬＥＤ素子１２が選択される。この場合、光の３原色を混色させた白色ＬＥＤ素子１２を単独で回路基板１７ａ，１７ｂの表面に配置させる場合の他に、赤、緑、青の原色をそれぞれ単色発光するＬＥＤ素子１２を組み合わせて回路基板１７ａ，１７ｂの表面に配置させる場合がある。 The LED elements 12 (12a, 12b) emit light in the wavelength region required for photosynthesis in plant chlorophyll. The LED element 12 that emits an optimum wavelength is selected according to the plant to be cultivated. In this case, in addition to the case where the white LED element 12 in which the three primary colors of light are mixed is independently arranged on the surfaces of the circuit boards 17a and 17b, the LED element 12 that emits the primary colors of red, green, and blue in a single color is combined. It may be arranged on the surface of the circuit boards 17a and 17b.
ＬＥＤ素子１２の光度は、クロロフィルが吸収できる４００ｎｍから７００ｎｍまでの波長領域だけの光量子束密度で定義される光合成光量子束密度（ＰＰＦＤ；photosynthetic photon flux density）が、照明領域において最適値となるように設定される。 The luminous intensity of the LED element 12 is such that the photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) defined by the photon flux density only in the wavelength region from 400 nm to 700 nm that chlorophyll can absorb becomes the optimum value in the illumination region. Set.
回路基板１７ａ，１７ｂは、長尺状の平板からなる電子回路基板であって、表面側には複数のＬＥＤ素子１２が実装されている。また、ＬＥＤ素子１２と干渉しない位置に、このＬＥＤ素子１２に所定の電流を流すための電子回路（図示略）が配設されている。回路基板１７ａ，１７ｂに設けられた電子回路は、複数の電子部品とこれらを接続する配線とから構成されている。この電子部品等を介して回路基板１７ａ，１７ｂに電力が供給され、回路基板１７ａ，１７ｂ上に実装されたＬＥＤ素子１２に給電して発光させる。 The circuit boards 17a and 17b are electronic circuit boards made of a long flat plate, and a plurality of LED elements 12 are mounted on the surface side. Further, an electronic circuit (not shown) for passing a predetermined current through the LED element 12 is arranged at a position where it does not interfere with the LED element 12. The electronic circuits provided on the circuit boards 17a and 17b are composed of a plurality of electronic components and wirings connecting them. Electric power is supplied to the circuit boards 17a and 17b via the electronic components and the like, and power is supplied to the LED elements 12 mounted on the circuit boards 17a and 17b to cause light emission.
ティルト機構部１６ａ，１６ｂは、回動軸１８ａ，１８ｂを回動させてリフレクタ１５ａ，１５ｂの反射面を傾斜させるものである。なおティルト機構部１６ａ，１６ｂは、回動軸１８ａ，１８ｂを回動させるだけでなく、並進運動させる機能を備えていてもよい。またティルト機構部１６ａ，１６ｂは、それぞれのリフレクタ１５ａ，１５ｂの反射面を同じ傾斜角に設定することもできるし、別々の傾斜角に設定することもできる。また、図示されるティルト機構部１６ａ，１６ｂの構成は一例であって、リフレクタ１５ａ，１５ｂに対し、所望する傾斜角を付与するものであれば適宜採用される。 The tilt mechanism portions 16a and 16b rotate the rotation shafts 18a and 18b to incline the reflecting surfaces of the reflectors 15a and 15b. The tilt mechanism portions 16a and 16b may have a function of not only rotating the rotation shafts 18a and 18b but also a translational movement. Further, the tilt mechanism portions 16a and 16b can set the reflecting surfaces of the reflectors 15a and 15b to the same inclination angle, or can set them to different inclination angles. Further, the configuration of the tilt mechanism portions 16a and 16b shown in the drawing is an example, and is appropriately adopted as long as it imparts a desired inclination angle to the reflectors 15a and 15b.
またリフレクタ１５ａ，１５ｂの反射面は、回動軸１８ａ，１８ｂとの平行断面においては直線であるが、直交断面においては湾曲している。そしてリフレクタ１５ａ，１５ｂの反射面は、ＬＥＤ素子１２の発光が高効率に反射されるように、鏡面仕上げされたりコーティングしたりする等の周知の表面処理が施されている。これにより反射面における反射率は、メンテナンスフリーで、１００％に近い値を維持できる。 The reflecting surfaces of the reflectors 15a and 15b are straight in the parallel cross section with the rotating shafts 18a and 18b, but curved in the orthogonal cross section. The reflecting surfaces of the reflectors 15a and 15b are subjected to well-known surface treatment such as mirror finishing or coating so that the light emitted from the LED element 12 is reflected with high efficiency. As a result, the reflectance on the reflective surface can be maintained at a value close to 100% without maintenance.
ＬＥＤ照明装置１０は、ＬＥＤ素子１２を実装させた回路基板１７ａ，１７ｂ、及びリフレクタ１５ａ，１５ｂを透明な円筒に収容し、口金形状や長さ等をそろえることにより、従来の直管蛍光灯と構造的に互換性をもたせることができる。 The LED lighting device 10 accommodates the circuit boards 17a and 17b on which the LED element 12 is mounted and the reflectors 15a and 15b in a transparent cylinder, and by aligning the shape and length of the base, the LED lighting device 10 is different from the conventional straight tube fluorescent lamp. It can be structurally compatible.
（第２実施形態）
次に図２を参照して本発明における第２実施形態について説明する。図２（Ａ）は本発明の第２実施形態に係るＬＥＤ照明装置１０Ｂの斜視図である。図２（Ｂ）は第２実施形態に係るＬＥＤ照明装置１０Ｂにおいてリフレクタ１５ａ，１５ｂの傾斜角を狭く設定した場合の断面図である。図２（Ｃ）は第２実施形態に係るＬＥＤ照明装置１０Ｂにおいてリフレクタ１５ａ，１５ｂの傾斜角を広く設定した場合の断面図である。なお、図２において図１と共通の構成又は機能を有する部分は、同一符号で示し、重複する説明を省略する。
(Second Embodiment)
Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 2A is a perspective view of the LED lighting device 10B according to the second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2B is a cross-sectional view of the LED lighting device 10B according to the second embodiment when the inclination angles of the reflectors 15a and 15b are set to be narrow. FIG. 2C is a cross-sectional view of the LED lighting device 10B according to the second embodiment when the tilt angles of the reflectors 15a and 15b are set wide. In FIG. 2, parts having the same configuration or function as those in FIG. 1 are indicated by the same reference numerals, and duplicate description will be omitted.
図２（Ｂ）（Ｃ）に示すように第２実施形態のＬＥＤ照明装置１０Ｂは、光軸１１ａ，１１ｂが互いに逆向きとなるように配置されたＬＥＤ素子１２ａ，１２ｂの組と、このＬＥＤ素子１２ａ，１２ｂの組の光軸１１ａ，１１ｂと交わるように配置される一対のリフレクタ１５ａ，１５ｂと、これら一対のリフレクタ１５ａ，１５ｂの反射面を傾斜させて光軸１１ａ，１１ｂの入射角αを変化させるティルト機構部１６ａ，１６ｂと、を備えている。 As shown in FIGS. 2B and 2C, the LED lighting device 10B of the second embodiment includes a set of LED elements 12a and 12b arranged so that the optical axes 11a and 11b are opposite to each other, and the LED. A pair of reflectors 15a and 15b arranged so as to intersect the optical axes 11a and 11b of a set of elements 12a and 12b, and an incident angle α of the optical axes 11a and 11b by inclining the reflection surfaces of the pair of reflectors 15a and 15b. The tilt mechanism portions 16a and 16b for changing the above are provided.
そして第２実施形態のＬＥＤ照明装置１０ＢにおけるＬＥＤ素子１２ａ，１２ｂの組は、光軸１１ａ，１１ｂの方向が互いに内側を向くように設定されている。そして、一対のリフレクタ１５ａ，１５ｂは、互いの反射面が外側を向くように傾斜している。さらに一対のリフレクタ１５ａ，１５ｂの反射面を傾斜させる回動軸１８ａ，１８ｂと平行方向に複数のＬＥＤ素子１２ａ，１２ｂの組を配列させる一対の回路基板１７ａ，１７ｂを備えている。この一対の回路基板１７ａ，１７ｂは、ＬＥＤ素子１２ａ，１２ｂの実装面を内側に向けて向い合わせに平行に配置されている。 The set of the LED elements 12a and 12b in the LED lighting device 10B of the second embodiment is set so that the directions of the optical axes 11a and 11b face each other inward. The pair of reflectors 15a and 15b are inclined so that their reflection surfaces face outward. Further, a pair of circuit boards 17a and 17b for arranging a set of a plurality of LED elements 12a and 12b in a direction parallel to the rotation shafts 18a and 18b that incline the reflecting surfaces of the pair of reflectors 15a and 15b are provided. The pair of circuit boards 17a and 17b are arranged in parallel facing each other with the mounting surfaces of the LED elements 12a and 12b facing inward.
これにより、複数のＬＥＤ素子１２ａ（１２ｂ）の配列方向とその光軸１１ａ（１１ｂ）の方向とは、直角関係を有している。そして、ＬＥＤ素子１２ａ（１２ｂ）から直進する光軸１１ａ（１１ｂ）は、全てにおいて、リフレクタ１５ａ（１５ｂ）の反射面に対し、同じ値の入射角αで入射する。そして、入射角αで入射した発光は、リフレクタ１５ａ（１５ｂ）の反射面から同値の反射角で反射され、栽培領域（図示略）を照らす。 As a result, the arrangement direction of the plurality of LED elements 12a (12b) and the direction of the optical axis 11a (11b) thereof have a right-angle relationship. Then, the optical axes 11a (11b) traveling straight from the LED elements 12a (12b) are all incident on the reflecting surface of the reflector 15a (15b) at an incident angle α of the same value. Then, the light emitted at the incident angle α is reflected from the reflection surface of the reflector 15a (15b) at the same reflection angle to illuminate the cultivation area (not shown).
図３は本発明の実施形態に係る植物栽培棚２０の斜視図である。植物栽培棚２０は、ＬＥＤ照明装置１０と、植物を載置する棚板２３と、ＬＥＤ照明装置１０及び棚板２３を互いが対向する位置において支持する支持部材２２と、を備える。 FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the plant cultivation shelf 20 according to the embodiment of the present invention. The plant cultivation shelf 20 includes an LED lighting device 10, a shelf board 23 on which plants are placed, and a support member 22 that supports the LED lighting device 10 and the shelf board 23 at positions facing each other.
間隔を設けて水平方向に設置された複数段（図示は３段）の棚板２３は、少なくとも四隅に設けられた支柱（支持部材２２）により支持されている。それぞれの棚板２３の上面には、栽培容器を介して植物（図示略）が載置され、栽培領域２４が形成される。そして、下段の棚板２３の上面に対向する上段の棚板２３の裏面には、ＬＥＤ照明装置１０が設けられている。また図示を省略しているが、栽培領域２４に水を供給するための給水装置が設けられる場合もある。また、床面に接する支持部材２２の箇所には、台車（図示略）が取り付けられており、植物栽培棚２０全体を容易に移動させることができる構成となっている。 The shelf boards 23 having a plurality of stages (three stages in the drawing) installed at intervals in the horizontal direction are supported by columns (support members 22) provided at least at the four corners. Plants (not shown) are placed on the upper surface of each shelf board 23 via a cultivation container, and a cultivation area 24 is formed. An LED lighting device 10 is provided on the back surface of the upper shelf board 23 facing the upper surface of the lower shelf board 23. Further, although not shown, a water supply device for supplying water to the cultivation area 24 may be provided. Further, a trolley (not shown) is attached to the support member 22 in contact with the floor surface, so that the entire plant cultivation shelf 20 can be easily moved.
以下、実施例により本発明の実施形態を更に具体的に説明する。図４（Ａ）は第１実施形態に係るＬＥＤ照明装置においてリフレクタの傾斜角を狭く設定した実施例１の断面図である。図４（Ｂ）は実施例１におけるＬＥＤ照明装置の配光角分布グラフである。図４（Ｃ）は実施例１におけるＬＥＤ照明装置の配光画像である。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to Examples. FIG. 4A is a cross-sectional view of Example 1 in which the inclination angle of the reflector is set to be narrow in the LED lighting device according to the first embodiment. FIG. 4B is a light distribution angle distribution graph of the LED lighting device according to the first embodiment. FIG. 4C is a light distribution image of the LED lighting device according to the first embodiment.
図４（Ｃ）から明らかなように、照射領域は全体的に、植物栽培に十分な程度で照射均斉度が保たれているといえる。さらに照射領域の両端は明暗の境界が極めて鮮明である。これにより、植物栽培棚の栽培領域と照射領域とを一致させることにより、照射光の漏洩を抑制して照射効率の要求を満たすことができる。 As is clear from FIG. 4C, it can be said that the irradiation region as a whole maintains the irradiation uniformity to a degree sufficient for plant cultivation. Furthermore, the boundary between light and dark is extremely clear at both ends of the irradiation area. As a result, by matching the cultivation area of the plant cultivation shelf with the irradiation area, leakage of irradiation light can be suppressed and the requirement for irradiation efficiency can be satisfied.
ここで、αをリフレクタの反射面に対するＬＥＤ素子の光軸の入射角とし、βを光度が最も高くなる配光角として、次式（１）を得る。そして、実施例１においてα1＝５５°、β1＝２７．５°を代入すると式（１）＝０．７３の値を得る。なお光軸の入射角αは、光軸との交点における反射面の接線の傾斜角と幾何学的に一致しているので、リフレクタの傾斜角を計測して得ることができる。
（２α−９０°)／β （１）
Here, the following equation (1) is obtained, where α is the angle of incidence of the optical axis of the LED element with respect to the reflecting surface of the reflector, and β is the angle of light distribution that maximizes the luminous intensity. Then, by substituting α 1 = 55 ° and β 1 = 27.5 ° in Example 1, the value of equation (1) = 0.73 is obtained. Since the incident angle α of the optical axis geometrically coincides with the inclination angle of the tangent line of the reflecting surface at the intersection with the optical axis, it can be obtained by measuring the inclination angle of the reflector.
(2α-90 °) / β (1)
図５（Ａ）は第１実施形態に係るＬＥＤ照明装置においてリフレクタの傾斜角を広く設定した実施例２の断面図である。図５（Ｂ）は実施例２におけるＬＥＤ照明装置の配光角分布グラフである。図５（Ｃ）は実施例２におけるＬＥＤ照明装置の配光画像である。 FIG. 5A is a cross-sectional view of Example 2 in which the tilt angle of the reflector is set wide in the LED lighting device according to the first embodiment. FIG. 5B is a light distribution angle distribution graph of the LED lighting device according to the second embodiment. FIG. 5C is a light distribution image of the LED lighting device according to the second embodiment.
図５（Ｃ）から明らかなように、照射領域は全体的に、植物栽培に十分な程度で照射均斉度が保たれているといえる。さらにリフレクタの傾斜角を広く設定しても、照射領域の両端における明暗の境界は、鮮明なまま拡幅されることが分かる。これにより、リフレクタの傾斜角を変化させることで、任意サイズの栽培領域に対し照射領域を一致させることができることが分かる。また、栽培領域のサイズを変えずにＬＥＤ照明装置との距離を変える場合であっても、栽培領域と照射領域とを一致させることができる。これにより、照射光の漏洩を抑制して照射効率の要求を満たすことができる。 As is clear from FIG. 5 (C), it can be said that the irradiation uniformity is maintained in the irradiation region as a whole to a sufficient extent for plant cultivation. Furthermore, it can be seen that even if the tilt angle of the reflector is set wide, the boundary between light and dark at both ends of the irradiation region is widened while remaining clear. From this, it can be seen that the irradiation area can be matched with the cultivation area of an arbitrary size by changing the inclination angle of the reflector. Further, even when the distance from the LED lighting device is changed without changing the size of the cultivation area, the cultivation area and the irradiation area can be matched. As a result, leakage of irradiation light can be suppressed and the requirement for irradiation efficiency can be satisfied.
そして、実施例２においてα2＝６６°、β2＝５０．５°を代入すると式（１）＝０．８３の値を得る。これら光軸の入射角αと最大光度配光角βとの組み合わせを数多くシミュレーションし鋭意検討した結果、次の関係式（２）を満たす場合に、照射領域の両端における明暗の境界が鮮明でかつ植物栽培において適切な照射均斉度が得られることを見出した。
０．４≦（２α−９０°)／β≦１．５ （２）
Then, by substituting α 2 = 66 ° and β 2 = 50.5 ° in Example 2, the value of equation (1) = 0.83 is obtained. As a result of simulating and diligently examining many combinations of the incident angle α of these optical axes and the maximum luminous intensity light distribution angle β, when the following relational expression (2) is satisfied, the boundary between light and dark at both ends of the irradiation region is clear. It was found that an appropriate irradiation uniformity can be obtained in plant cultivation.
0.4 ≦ (2α-90 °) / β ≦ 1.5 (2)
１０（１０Ａ，１０Ｂ）…ＬＥＤ照明装置、１１（１１ａ，１１ｂ）…光軸、１２（１２ａ，１２ｂ）…ＬＥＤ素子、１５（１５ａ，１５ｂ）…リフレクタ、１６（１６ａ，１６ｂ）…ティルト機構部、１７（１７ａ，１７ｂ）…回路基板、１８（１８ａ，１８ｂ）…回動軸、２０…植物栽培棚、２２…支持部材、２３…棚板、２４…栽培領域。 10 (10A, 10B) ... LED lighting device, 11 (11a, 11b) ... optical axis, 12 (12a, 12b) ... LED element, 15 (15a, 15b) ... reflector, 16 (16a, 16b) ... tilt mechanism , 17 (17a, 17b) ... circuit board, 18 (18a, 18b) ... rotating shaft, 20 ... plant cultivation shelf, 22 ... support member, 23 ... shelf board, 24 ... cultivation area.
Claims (7)
前記ＬＥＤ素子の組の光軸と交わるように配置される一対のリフレクタと、
前記一対のリフレクタの反射面を傾斜させて前記光軸の入射角を変化させるティルト機構部と、を備えるＬＥＤ照明装置。 A set of LED elements arranged so that their optical axes are opposite to each other,
A pair of reflectors arranged so as to intersect the optical axis of the set of LED elements,
An LED lighting device including a tilt mechanism portion that tilts the reflecting surfaces of the pair of reflectors to change the incident angle of the optical axis.
前記一対のリフレクタの反射面を傾斜させる回動軸と平行方向に複数のＬＥＤ素子の組を配列させる一対の回路基板を備えるＬＥＤ照明装置。 In the LED lighting device according to claim 1,
An LED lighting device including a pair of circuit boards for arranging a set of a plurality of LED elements in a direction parallel to a rotation axis that inclines the reflecting surfaces of the pair of reflectors.
前記ＬＥＤ素子の組は、光軸の方向が互いに外側を向くように設定され、
前記一対のリフレクタは、互いの反射面が内側を向くように傾斜しているＬＥＤ照明装置。 In the LED lighting device according to claim 1 or 2.
The set of LED elements is set so that the directions of the optical axes face each other outward.
The pair of reflectors are LED lighting devices whose reflecting surfaces are inclined so as to face inward.
前記ＬＥＤ素子の組は、光軸の方向が互いに内側を向くように設定され、
前記一対のリフレクタは、互いの反射面が外側を向くように傾斜しているＬＥＤ照明装置。 In the LED lighting device according to claim 1 or 2.
The set of LED elements is set so that the directions of the optical axes face each other inward.
The pair of reflectors are LED lighting devices whose reflecting surfaces are inclined so as to face outward.
前記一対のリフレクタの反射面を傾斜させる回動軸との直交面内において、前記反射面は湾曲しているＬＥＤ照明装置。 In the LED lighting device according to any one of claims 1 to 4.
An LED lighting device in which the reflecting surfaces are curved in a plane orthogonal to a rotation axis that tilts the reflecting surfaces of the pair of reflectors.
αをリフレクタの反射面に対するＬＥＤ素子の光軸の入射角とし、βを光度が最も高くなる配光角として、関係式０．４≦（２α−９０°)／β≦１．５を満たすＬＥＤ照明装置。 The LED lighting device according to any one of claims 1 to 5.
An LED satisfying the relational expression 0.4≤ (2α-90 °) / β≤1.5, where α is the angle of incidence of the optical axis of the LED element with respect to the reflecting surface of the reflector and β is the light distribution angle at which the luminous intensity is highest. Lighting device.
植物を載置する棚板と、
前記ＬＥＤ照明装置及び前記棚板を、互いが対向する位置において支持する支持部材と、を備えることを特徴とする植物栽培棚。 The LED lighting device according to any one of claims 1 to 6.
A shelf board on which plants are placed and
A plant cultivation shelf including a support member that supports the LED lighting device and the shelf board at positions facing each other.
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