JP2020182642A - Method and apparatus for measuring myoelectric potential of deep facial muscle/perioral muscle - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a method and apparatus that can measure myoelectric potential of deep facial muscles/perioral muscles, particularly medial pterygoid muscles, lateral pterygoid muscles or buccinator muscles being present in a part deeper than the facial muscles, in a high S/N ratio.SOLUTION: A myoelectric potential measuring apparatus of deep facial muscle/perioral muscles has: a gripping member comprising a skin side member 4 and an oral side member 5, and capable of gripping cheeks from an oral side and a skin side; at least one electrode 6c installed so as to be electrically connected to the skin to the skin side member; at least two electrodes 6a, 6b installed in the oral side member at predetermined intervals so as to be electrically connected to the oral mucosa; and a measurement unit for measuring an electric potential difference between the electrodes.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for measuring myoelectric potentials of deep facial muscles and perioral muscles. More specifically, the present invention measures the myoelectric potentials of the deep facial muscles and perioral muscles, especially the medial pterygoid muscle, lateral pterygoid muscle or buccinator muscle, which are deeper than the facial muscle, at a high S / N ratio. Regarding the methods and devices that can be used.

Movements such as mastication, pronunciation, and swallowing are based on the activities of the deep facial muscles and perioral muscles. It is said that many reflex mechanisms are involved in these movements. Attempts have been made to measure the myoelectric potentials of the deep facial muscles and perioral muscles as an aid in the analysis of movements such as mastication, pronunciation, and swallowing.

For example, Non-Patent Document 1 discloses a method of measuring the myoelectric potential of the buccinator muscle by inserting a wire electrode into the buccinator muscle. This myoelectric potential measurement method can cause pain to the subject in inserting the wire electrode.
Further, Non-Patent Document 2 discloses a method of measuring the myoelectric potential of the buccinator muscle by fixing a bipolar electroencephalogram surface electrode on the facial skin corresponding directly above the buccinator muscle with an adhesive tape via an electrocardiogram paste. doing. Although this method does not cause pain to the subject, it is difficult to accurately detect only the myoelectric potential of the buccinator muscle because the myoelectric potential derived from the muscles of mastication and other facial muscles is likely to be mixed in the measured value. In addition, it is difficult to detect the myoelectric potentials of the medial pterygoid muscle and the lateral pterygoid muscle in the deep part by electrodes fixed on the facial skin.

JP-A-2019-13698

Blanton et al., "Electromyographic Analysis of the Buccinator Muscle" J. Dent Res Vol.49, No.2, 1970, pp389-394 Shiozawa et al., "Buccinator muscle activity during mastication in humans" Journal of the Japanese Society of Mastication Vol.2 No.1, 1992 pp35-40

An object of the present invention is to measure the myoelectric potential of the medial pterygoid muscle, the lateral pterygoid muscle, or the buccinator muscle, which is deeper than the facial muscles, in the deep facial muscles and the perioral muscles, with a high S / N ratio. To provide methods and devices that can.

As a result of studies for achieving the above object, the present invention of the following aspects has been completed.

[1] At least two electrodes are electrically connected to the oral mucosa at predetermined intervals, and at least one electrode is electrically connected to the skin.
Including measuring the potential difference between the electrodes.
A method for measuring the myoelectric potential of deep facial muscles and perioral muscles.

[2] A sandwiching member composed of a skin-side member and an oral-side member and capable of sandwiching the cheek from the oral-side and the skin-side.
At least one electrode installed on the skin side member so that it can be electrically connected to the skin,
Of the deep facial muscles and perioral muscles, which have at least two electrodes installed at predetermined intervals on the oral side member so as to be electrically connected to the oral mucosa, and a measuring unit for measuring the potential difference between the electrodes. Myoelectric potential measuring device.

[3] A sandwiching member composed of a skin-side member and an oral-side member and capable of sandwiching the cheek from the oral-side and the skin-side.
At least one electrode installed on the skin side member so as to be electrically connected to the skin, and at least two electrodes installed on the oral side member at a predetermined interval so as to be electrically connected to the oral mucosa. A probe for measuring the myoelectric potential of deep facial muscles and perioral muscles.

The myoelectric potential measuring method and myoelectric potential measuring device of the present invention have a high myoelectric potential of the medial pterygoid muscle, the lateral pterygoid muscle, or the buccinator muscle, which is deeper than the deep facial muscle / perioral muscle, particularly the facial muscle. It can be measured by the / N ratio. The myoelectric potential measuring method and myoelectric potential measuring device of the present invention can support the analysis, evaluation and improvement of movements such as mastication, pronunciation and swallowing. When a planar electrode or a painless needle is used as the electrode used in the present invention, the burden on the patient can be significantly reduced. Further, the myoelectric potential measuring method and the myoelectric potential measuring device of the present invention can also be used for evaluation of facial muscles affecting sagging, wrinkles, nasolabial folds, etc., and measurement of the effect of facial muscle training.

It is a perspective view which saw an example of the probe of this invention from the skin side member. It is a perspective view seen from the oral side member of the probe shown in FIG. It is a side view of the probe shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows an example of the state which the probe of this invention is attached to the cheek. It is a figure which shows an example of the time series data of the myoelectric potential of the masseter muscle, the upper orbicularis oris muscle and the buccinator muscle, and the lip closure pressure at the time of lip closure measured by the method of this invention. It is a figure which shows an example of the time series data of the myoelectric potential of the masseter muscle, the upper orbicularis oris muscle and the buccinator muscle, and the lip closing pressure when the lip closing force is strengthened or weakened. It is a figure which shows an example of the time series data of the myoelectric potential of the masseter muscle, the upper orbicularis oris muscle and the buccinator muscle, and the lip closing pressure at the time of chewing gum contralaterally. It is a figure which shows an example of the time series data of the myoelectric potential of the masseter muscle, the upper orbicularis oris muscle and the buccinator muscle at the time of biting. It is a figure which shows an example of the time series data of the myoelectric potential of the masseter muscle, the upper orbicularis oris muscle and the buccinator muscle, and the lip closing pressure at the time of ipsilateral mouth angle pulling. It is a figure which shows an example of the time series data of the myoelectric potential of the masseter muscle, the upper orbicularis oris muscle and the buccinator muscle, and the lip closing pressure at the time of button pulling. It is a figure which shows an example of the state which attached the myoelectric potential measuring apparatus of this invention, and the oral care support tool described in Patent Document 1.

In the method for measuring the myoelectric potential of the deep facial muscles and the perioral muscles according to the present invention, at least two electrodes are electrically connected to the oral mucosa at a predetermined interval, and at least one electrode is electrically connected to the skin. This includes measuring the potential difference between the electrodes.

In the method of the present invention, at least two electrodes are electrically connected to the oral mucosa. The oral mucosa is the mucosa inside the mouth and consists of two layers, the stratified squamous epithelium and the lamina propria. For example, one electrode is electrically connected to the oral mucosa directly above the medial pterygoid muscle, lateral pterygoid muscle, or buccinator muscle, and another electrode is attached to the oral mucosa directly above the other muscles. The two electrodes may be electrically connected to the oral mucosa corresponding directly above the medial pterygoid muscle, the lateral pterygoid muscle, or the buccinator muscle.
The distance between the two electrodes connected to the oral mucosa is not particularly limited as long as the myoelectric potential of the desired muscle can be measured. For example, in the measurement of the buccinator muscle, the distance between the two electrodes is preferably 4 to 20 mm, more preferably 6 to 15 mm. The electrode may be a planar electrode that only touches the surface of the oral mucosa, or may be a needle-shaped electrode or a microneedle array electrode that can be inserted into the oral mucosa. Painless needles may be used for the needle-shaped electrode or the microneedle array electrode.

In the myoelectric potential measuring method of the present invention, at least one electrode is electrically connected to the skin. The skin may be facial skin or skin of another part, but facial skin is preferable. The electrode may be a planar electrode that only touches the surface of the skin, or may be a needle-shaped electrode or a microneedle array electrode that can be inserted into the skin. Painless needles may be used for the needle-shaped electrode or the microneedle array electrode.

By attaching at least three electrodes as described above, at least three bipolar lead electromyograms and at least three unipolar lead electromyograms can be recorded.

The myoelectric potential measuring device for deep facial muscles and perioral muscles according to the present invention is a sandwiching member composed of a skin-side member and an oral-side member and capable of sandwiching the cheek from the oral side and the skin side, and the skin on the skin-side member. At least one electrode installed so as to be electrically connected to, at least two electrodes installed at a predetermined interval so as to be electrically connected to the oral mucosa on the oral side member, and a potential difference between the electrodes. It has a measuring unit for measuring.
The probe for the myoelectric potential measuring device for deep facial muscles and perioral muscles according to the present invention is a sandwiching member composed of a skin-side member and an oral-side member and capable of sandwiching the cheek from the oral side and the skin side, and the skin side. The member has at least one electrode installed so as to be electrically connected to the skin, and the oral side member has at least two electrodes installed at a predetermined interval so as to be electrically connected to the oral mucosa.

The myoelectric potential measuring device of the present invention and the probe used therefor will be described with reference to the drawings. The myoelectric potential measuring device of the present invention and the probe used therein are not limited to this embodiment.

The myoelectric potential measuring device of the present invention has a holding member, an electrode, and a measuring unit. Further, the probe for the myoelectric potential measuring device of the present invention has a holding member and an electrode.

The sandwiching member is composed of a skin-side member and an oral-side member.
The skin side member 4 shown in FIG. 1 has a quadrangular appearance, but is not limited to the quadrangle, and may be a polygon such as a triangle, a quadrangle, a pentagon, or a hexagon, or a circle such as a circle, an ellipse, or an egg circle. There may be. Also. The skin side member 4 shown in FIG. 1 forms a frame, but may also form a plate, a perforated plate, a rod, or the like. The oral side member 5 may have a shape that can be inserted into the oral cavity and the electrode can be connected to the oral mucosa corresponding directly above the deep facial muscles such as the medial pterygoid muscle, the lateral pterygoid muscle, and the buccinator muscle. However, there are no particular restrictions. The oral side member 5 shown in the figure has a rod shape.
The sandwiching member can sandwich the cheeks from the oral side and the skin side. The sandwiching member shown in the figure has a U-shape in which one end of the skin-side member and one end of the oral-side member are connected to each other, and a cheek is placed between the skin-side member and the oral-side member. You can carry it with you. In addition, the position of the electrode installed on the oral side member can be grasped even when it is inserted into the oral cavity by displaying the characteristic shape, marking, ruler, etc. attached to the skin side member as needed. be able to. The indications that can be used for grasping the position include a ruler, a mark, coloring, protrusions, dents, corners, and a cross. The sandwiching member is preferably made of an elastic material such as metal or plastic.

The myoelectric potential measuring device of the present invention and the probe used therein are installed so that at least one electrode can be electrically connected to the skin on the skin side member of the sandwiching member, and at least two electrodes are installed on the oral side member of the sandwiching member. The electrodes are installed at predetermined intervals so that they can be electrically connected to the oral mucosa. Then, as shown in FIG. 4, the myoelectric potential measuring device of the present invention can be attached to the cheek of the subject, and each electrode can be electrically connected to the skin or the oral mucosa.
Myoelectric potential can be measured by these three electrodes. It is preferable that each electrode is electrically insulated from the holding member. The myoelectric potential is measured by a measuring unit that measures the potential difference between the electrodes. Myoelectric potentials can be recorded by Faraday paradox or bipolar induction. The electrode and the measuring unit may be connected by wire or wirelessly for potential difference measurement. The signal line used for the wired connection is preferably sealed or covered with a resin or the like. This makes it possible to prevent a short circuit due to a liquid such as saliva. In order to make the probe disposable, it is preferable that the signal line used for the wired connection is removable.
Further, the myoelectric potential measuring device of the present invention may further have a display unit. The amount of the measured potential difference may be displayed as a numerical value by the display unit, or may be induced by a bipolar dielectric method, a unipolar dielectric method, or the like and displayed as a myoelectric potential waveform. Further, the measuring unit and the display unit may be a combination of known devices conventionally used in measuring an electrocardiogram or a myoelectric potential diagram.

As shown in FIG. 11, the myoelectric potential measuring device of the present invention was attached to the cheek, and the oral care support tool described in Patent Document 1 was added to the lip. The myoelectric potential and lip closure pressure of the upper orbicularis oris muscle were measured by the oral care support tool described in Patent Document 1. The myoelectric potentials of the masseter and buccinator muscles were measured by the myoelectric potential measuring device of the present invention. The oral care support tool is applied to one or both of the planar base material that can be sandwiched between the upper and lower lips and the planar substrate so that it touches a part of the lips when sandwiched between the upper and lower lips. With a working electrode provided, and a probe having a reference electrode provided on either or both surfaces of the planar substrate so that it touches another part of the lip when sandwiched between the upper and lower lips. It has a measuring unit for measuring the potential difference with the reference electrode and a display unit for displaying the amount of the measured potential difference, and is provided on one or both surfaces of the planar substrate. It further has a pressure receiving unit, a measuring unit for measuring the lip contact pressure received by the lip contact pressure receiving unit, and a display unit for displaying the amount of the measured lip contact pressure.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of time-series data of the masseter muscle, the upper orbicularis oris muscle, the buccinator muscle, and the lip closing pressure when the lip is closed. Further, FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an example of time-series data of the myoelectric potentials of the masseter muscle, the upper orbicularis oris muscle, and the buccinator muscle and the lip closing pressure when the lip closing force is increased or decreased. As can be seen from this example, according to the method and device of the present invention, the myoelectric potentials of the masseter and buccinator muscles located relatively close to each other are clearly separated and detected. It can be seen that the method and device of the present invention can measure the myoelectric potential of the buccinator muscle at the back of the skin with a high S / N ratio.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an example of time-series data of the myoelectric potentials of the masseter muscle, the upper orbicularis oris muscle, and the buccinator muscle and the lip closing pressure during contralateral chewing gum.
FIG. 8 is a diagram showing an example of time-series data of the myoelectric potentials of the masseter muscle, the upper orbicularis oris muscle, and the buccinator muscle at the time of biting.

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing an example of time-series data of the myoelectric potentials of the masseter muscle, the upper orbicularis oris muscle, and the buccinator muscle and the lip closing pressure at the time of pulling the ipsilateral mouth angle.
FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an example of time-series data of the myoelectric potentials of the masseter muscle, the upper orbicularis oris muscle, and the buccinator muscle and the lip closing pressure at the time of button pulling. When the disk (button) is held by the lip and the disk is pulled with a wire (such as a string), the amplitude of the orbicularis oris myoelectric potential (EMG) increases.
From these cases and the like, it can be seen that the myoelectric potentials of the deep facial muscles and the perioral muscles during exercise help to determine the symptom recovery effect of the subject by exercise.

The myoelectric potential measuring device of the present invention is used to measure the myoelectric potential of the deep facial muscles and perioral muscles such as the masseter muscle, upper orbicularis oris muscle, medial pterygoid muscle, lateral pterygoid muscle, and buccinator muscle, and based on the measured values. The movements of the deep facial muscles and the perioral muscles can be evaluated. These measured values or evaluations can be used as a reference index when planning a method for recovering the functions of the deep facial muscles and the perioral muscles. Examples of functional recovery methods include physical therapy, occupational therapy, speech therapy, nutritional formulations, dietary changes, improved oral hygiene, electrical stimulation, biofeed bags, and pharmacological treatments. Examples of dietary changes include hyperaggregation, high viscosity, trigeminal nerve stimulants, swallowing stimulants, food temperature changes, food texture changes, and food perception changes. Improvements in oral hygiene include gargling, toothpaste, probiotics, saliva irritants, toothbrushes, dental floss, and tongue scraping. The methods and devices of the present invention are not limited to assisting in the planning of functional recovery methods, but may include assistance in any known therapeutic method for treating dysfunction. It can also be used for evaluation of facial muscles that affect sagging, wrinkles, nasolabial folds, etc., and measurement of the effect of facial muscle training.

1: Probe for myoelectric potential measuring device 4: Skin side member 5: Oral side member 6a, 6b, 6c: Electrode 7a, 7b, 7c: Signal line 150: Probe for oral care support tool 103: Working electrode 160: Connector 151: Measuring unit 152: Display unit

Claims (3)

At least two electrodes are electrically connected to the oral mucosa at predetermined intervals, and at least one electrode is electrically connected to the skin.
Including measuring the potential difference between the electrodes.
A method for measuring the myoelectric potential of deep facial muscles and perioral muscles. A sandwiching member consisting of a skin-side member and an oral-side member and capable of sandwiching the cheek from the oral-side and the skin-side.
At least one electrode installed on the skin side member so that it can be electrically connected to the skin,
Of the deep facial muscles and perioral muscles, which have at least two electrodes installed at predetermined intervals on the oral side member so as to be electrically connected to the oral mucosa, and a measuring unit for measuring the potential difference between the electrodes. Myoelectric potential measuring device. A sandwiching member consisting of a skin-side member and an oral-side member and capable of sandwiching the cheek from the oral-side and the skin-side.
At least one electrode installed on the skin side member so as to be electrically connected to the skin, and at least two electrodes installed on the oral side member at a predetermined interval so as to be electrically connected to the oral mucosa. A probe for measuring the myoelectric potential of deep facial muscles and perioral muscles.

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