JP2020172987A - Slide shaft - Google Patents

Abstract

To inexpensively manufacture a slide shaft which is low in slide resistance, can cope with high-speed rotation, and is easy in maintenance, and to provide the slide shaft.SOLUTION: In a slide shaft which is inserted while making a male shaft member 1 coincide with a female sleeve member 2 in an axial direction at an internal peripheral side, a plurality of rollers 3 forming a row in an axial direction are arranged toward the rotational axis at either of the male shaft member 1 and the female sleeve member 2 while making a rotating shaft oriented in a radial direction, and a roller guide groove 4 for guiding the rollers 3 is formed at the other member so as to extend in the axial direction. The male shaft member 1 and the female sleeve member 2 integrally rotate by the abutment of outside diameter faces of the rollers 3 on a side face of the roller guide groove 4, and the engagement of the outside diameter faces with the side face of the roller guiding groove, and the rollers 3 rotate in that state, thus relatively sliding in the axial direction.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

The present invention relates to a slide shaft provided with a mechanism for transmitting rotation and sliding in the axial direction in response to a change in the distance between an input side and an output side.

Constant Velocity Joints (hereinafter referred to as CVJ) enable transmission of rotation at a constant velocity regardless of the angle between the input shaft and the output shaft (hereinafter referred to as the operating angle). , Used for various purposes such as automobiles and general industrial machinery.

By the way, in general industrial machinery, etc., when a large sliding amount and a high operating angle are required and a sliding CVJ cannot be used, a sliding sliding slide spline is interposed in the center of the shaft connecting the input shaft and the output shaft. However, in a slide-sliding type slide spline, if the slide spline is slid while applying a load in the rotational direction, a very large slide resistance acts, which may damage the snap ring and the other equipment to be connected.

As a slide shaft designed to reduce such slide resistance, as described in Patent Documents 1 and 2 below, a large number of balls sealed in the grooves of the outer cylinder member are circulated, and the balls are rolled out by rolling contact. A ball spline type that slides the tubular member and the inner shaft member is used.

Further, as described in Patent Document 3 below, a technique of applying a nylon coat to a sliding and sliding spline portion is known.

Jikkenhei 2-59318 JP-A-2002-181067 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2000-161377

However, in the ball spline type slide shaft as described above, the outer cylinder member provided with the groove for circulating the ball becomes large and heavy, the total weight of the ball as a rolling element is heavy, and the inertia is also large. In addition to the problem of adaptability, there is also the problem that the manufacturing cost is high and the maintenance work due to the wear of the ball is troublesome.

Further, even if a nylon coat is applied to the spline portion of the slide-sliding type slide shaft, it is difficult to sufficiently reduce the slide resistance.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to manufacture and provide a slide shaft having a small slide resistance, capable of supporting high-speed rotation, and easy to maintain at low cost.

In order to solve the above problems, in the slide shaft according to the present invention, the male shaft member is inserted into the inner peripheral side of the female sleeve member so that the axial directions match.
Of the male shaft member and the female sleeve member, one member is provided with a plurality of rollers in a row in the axial direction with the rotation axis directed in the radial direction, and the other member guides the rollers. The roller guide groove is formed so as to extend in the axial direction,
The male shaft member and the female sleeve member rotate integrally when the outer diameter surface of the roller abuts on and engages with the side surface of the roller guide groove, and in that state, the roller rotates in the axial direction. It was supposed to slide relative to.

Further, the roller is rotatably supported by a roller shaft of the cassette pedestal as a constituent member of the roller cassette via a needle-shaped roller.
In the roller cassette, the seat portion of the cassette pedestal is fitted into a pedestal hole provided in the one member, and is attached to the one member.

Further, the rollers and the roller guide grooves are arranged in two rows at 180 ° intervals at symmetrical positions in the circumferential direction, three rows at 120 ° intervals at trisecting positions, or four or more rows in the circumferential direction. It is assumed that a plurality of rows are arranged or only one row is arranged.

Further, it is assumed that an oil groove extending in the axial direction is formed in a portion of the outer periphery of the male shaft member to be inserted into the female sleeve member.

Further, the roller is a spherical roller having a spherical outer diameter surface, and the side surface of the roller guide groove is a concave arc surface corresponding to the shape of the outer diameter surface of the roller.

The material of the male shaft member and the female sleeve member is chrome molybdenum steel or carbon steel for machine structure, and the material of the cassette pedestal is chrome molybdenum steel.

Further, it is assumed that the dustproof cover is attached so as to cover the portion where the male shaft member enters and exits the female sleeve member over the outer periphery of the male shaft member and the female sleeve member.

In the slide shaft according to the present invention, the male shaft member and the female sleeve member are engaged with each other in the circumferential direction by the roller and rotate integrally, the roller becomes a rolling element, and the male shaft member and the female sleeve member are brought into contact with each other by rolling contact. Since it slides relatively in the axial direction, a significant reduction in slide resistance can be expected for a slide-sliding type slide spline.

In addition, the total weight of the rolling elements can be reduced because the number of rolling elements can be reduced and the individual rolling elements themselves can be made thinner than the ball spline type in which the balls in each row are enclosed without gaps. , Inertia can be reduced, and by suppressing the fitting gap between the male shaft member and the female sleeve member to a small size, it becomes easier to balance the rotation compared to the ball spline type, so rattling is suppressed. It is possible to cope with high-speed rotation.

Further, the roller and its supporting portion can also be used as a roller cassette composed of a spherical roller or a needle roller used in a tripod type CVJ, and a pre-assembled roller cassette can be incorporated, so that the manufacturing cost can be reduced. , Maintenance work such as roller replacement can be easily performed.

For this reason, automobiles such as SUVs / ATVs that require high-speed rotation and a large amount of sliding and require good maintainability, and railroad vehicles that require a high operating angle and cannot use sliding CVJs. In addition to propulsion shafts for trucks and the like, it can be widely applied to the industrial machinery field such as rolling mills in manufacturing equipment such as the paper industry and the steel industry, which rotate while applying a large load and require high durability.

A perspective view showing (1A) an extended state and (1B) a perspective view showing a shortened state of the slide shaft according to the first embodiment of the present invention. (2A) A perspective view showing a state in which the male shaft member is pulled out from the female sleeve member, and (2B) a perspective view showing a state in which the male shaft member is inserted into the female sleeve member. Sectional view of the slide portion along the line III-III of FIG. 2 (2B) above The perspective view which shows the male shaft member of the same as above. Cross-sectional view of the roller cassette as above Cross-sectional view of the same female sleeve member Same as above (7A) Cross-sectional view showing the roller cassette mounting process to the male shaft member, (7B) Cross-sectional view showing the roller cassette mounting state to the male shaft member. Cross-sectional view of the slide portion of the slide shaft according to the second embodiment of the above. Partial cross-sectional view of (9A) slide portion of the slide shaft according to the third embodiment of the above, (9B) cross-sectional view of the roller cassette.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1A and 1B show the appearance of the two-row roller type slide shaft according to the first embodiment in the extended state and the shortened state, respectively. This slide shaft is composed of a male shaft member 1 and a female sleeve member 2 as main members, which rotate integrally and slide relatively in the axial direction.

As shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B, the insertion shaft portion 11 of the male shaft member 1 is inserted into the inner peripheral side of the tubular portion 21 of the female sleeve member 2 in the same axial direction. The ends of the male shaft member 1 and the female sleeve member 2 on both ends of the slide shaft are small-diameter shaft necks 12 and 22, which are connected to the input shaft or the output shaft, respectively, and the involute spline portion 12a is formed on the outer periphery thereof. , 22a are formed.

The tubular portion 21 of the female sleeve member 2 is formed by joining steel pipes at a welded portion 21a, and the tubular portion 21 and the shaft neck 22 are also joined at a welded portion 21a. As a result, the degree of freedom of the total length is increased, and the total length can be set according to the part to be used.

The outer diameter of the insertion shaft portion 11 of the male shaft member 1 inserted into the tubular portion 21 has a size corresponding to the inner diameter of the tubular portion 21 of the female sleeve member 2. Specifically, the tolerance of the inner diameter of the tubular portion 21 is H6 to H7, and the tolerance of the outer diameter of the insertion shaft portion 11 is h6 to so that the fitting is not affected by rattling or the like during high-speed rotation. It is set to h7.

A plurality of rollers 3 in an axial direction are provided on the outer circumference of the insertion shaft portion 11 of the male shaft member 1 at equal intervals with the rotation axes directed in the radial direction, and on the inner circumference of the female sleeve member 2. , The roller guide groove 4 is formed so as to extend in the axial direction.

The roller guide groove 4 has a shape that can be processed by a brooch or the like, and the shape of the inlet portion 4a of the roller guide groove 4 is such that when the insertion shaft portion 11 of the male shaft member 1 is inserted into the tubular portion 21 of the female sleeve member 2. In order to guide the roller 3 smoothly, the roller 3 has a tapered shape that expands in diameter at an inclination of 15 ° to 25 ° toward the opening end.

As shown in FIG. 3, in the case of the first embodiment, the rollers 3 are arranged in two rows at 180 ° intervals at symmetrical positions in the circumferential direction of the male shaft member 1, and correspondingly, the roller guide grooves 4 are arranged. , The female sleeve member 2 is arranged in two rows at 180 ° intervals at symmetrical positions in the circumferential direction.

As shown in FIG. 4, a circular bottomed pedestal hole 5 is provided on the outer periphery of the insertion shaft portion 11 of the male shaft member 1 at each mounting position of the roller 3 and improves lubricity during sliding. Therefore, a plurality of oil grooves 13 extending in the axial direction are formed.

As shown in FIG. 5, the roller 3 is a spherical roller having a spherical outer diameter surface, and is a component of the roller cassette 31 together with a bearing portion. The roller cassette 31 has a cassette pedestal 32 in which a columnar roller shaft 32a and a seat portion 32b are integrally processed as a core material, and the roller 3 is rotatably supported by the roller shaft 32a via a needle roller 33. ..

The needle-shaped roller 33 is sandwiched between the inner washer 34a and the outer washer 34b, and is prevented from coming off from the roller shaft 32a by the circlip 34c. The cassette pedestal 32 is provided with bolt holes 32c penetrating between both end faces.

As shown in FIG. 6, the roller guide groove 4 of the tubular portion 21 of the female sleeve member 2 has a concave arc surface on the side surface corresponding to the shape of the outer diameter surface of the roller 3. The distance between the opposite side surfaces of the roller guide groove 4 is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the roller 3, and a gap δ is formed between the outer diameter surface of the roller 3 and the side surface of the roller guide groove 4.

As shown in FIGS. 7A and 7B, in order to attach the roller cassette 31 to the male shaft member 1, the seat portion 32b of the cassette pedestal 32 is fitted into the pedestal hole 5 and has a hexagonal hole via the bolt hole 32c. The bolt 32d is screwed into the screw hole 5a formed in the insertion shaft portion 11 to fix the cassette pedestal 32 to the insertion shaft portion 11.

With the roller cassette 31 attached to the male shaft member 1 in this way, as shown in FIG. 2, when the insertion shaft portion 11 of the male shaft member 1 is inserted into the tubular portion 21 of the female sleeve member 2, the roller 3 is , Guided by the tapered inlet portion 4a of the roller guide groove 4, is smoothly inserted into the roller guide groove 4, and as shown in FIG. 3, the outer diameter surface of the roller 3 is between the facing side surfaces of the roller guide groove 4. It is sandwiched between.

In this state, since there is a gap δ between the outer diameter surface of the roller 3 and the opposite side surface of the roller guide groove 4, these are in a state where a rotational load acts on the male shaft member 1 and the female sleeve member 2. When sliding relatively in the axial direction, the outer diameter surface of the roller 3 comes into contact with only one side surface of the roller guide groove 4, and the roller 3 rotates smoothly.

As the material of the male shaft member 1 and the female sleeve member 2, chrome molybdenum suitable for tempering and induction hardening tempering in order to cope with the load in the twisting direction and the high surface pressure acting around the pedestal hole 5. Steel (SCM440, etc.) or carbon steel for machine structure (S45C, etc.) may be used. Further, the material of the cassette pedestal 32 is chrome molybdenum steel (SCM420 or the like), and it is preferable to perform heat treatment (charcoal burning and tempering) equivalent to that of the tripod type CVJ trunnion.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 1, a dustproof cover 6 is attached so that a portion where the male shaft member 1 enters and exits the female sleeve member 2 is covered over the outer circumference of the male shaft member 1 and the outer circumference of the female sleeve member 2. Set aside to protect the slide part. The dust-proof cover 6 may be made of resin, rubber, a metal processed product, or the like, and the inside of the dust-proof cover 6 may be filled with a lubricant.

In the slide shaft as described above, the male shaft member 1 and the female sleeve member 2 are engaged with each other in the circumferential direction by the roller 3 to rotate integrally, and the roller 3 becomes a rolling element, and the roller 3 becomes a rolling element and is brought into contact with the male shaft member 1 by rolling contact. Since the female sleeve member 2 slides relatively in the axial direction, a significant reduction in slide resistance can be expected with respect to a slide-sliding type slide spline.

In addition, the total weight of the rolling elements can be reduced because the number of rolling elements can be reduced and the individual rolling elements themselves can be made thinner than the ball spline type in which the balls in each row are enclosed without gaps. , The inertia can be reduced, and by suppressing the fitting gap between the male shaft member 1 and the female sleeve member 2 to a small size, it becomes easier to balance the rotation as compared with the ball spline type, so that rattling occurs. Is suppressed, and high-speed rotation can be supported.

Further, the roller 3 and its supporting portion can also be used as a roller cassette 31 made of a spherical roller, a needle roller, or the like used in a tripod type CVJ, and a pre-assembled roller cassette 31 can be incorporated, so that the manufacturing cost is high. Can be reduced. In addition, maintenance work such as replacement of the roller 3 can be easily performed.

For this reason, automobiles such as SUVs / ATVs that require high-speed rotation and a large amount of sliding and require good maintainability, and railroad vehicles that require a high operating angle and cannot use sliding CVJs. In addition to propulsion shafts for trucks and the like, it can be widely applied to the industrial machinery field such as rolling mills in manufacturing equipment such as the paper industry and the steel industry, which rotate while applying a large load and require high durability.

In the first embodiment, the rollers 3 and the roller guide grooves 4 are respectively arranged in two rows at 180 ° intervals at symmetrical positions in the circumferential direction. However, the rollers 3 and the roller guide grooves 4 are shown in FIG. As in the second embodiment shown in the above, three rows may be arranged at 120 ° intervals at the three equal division positions, and although not shown, a plurality of rows of four or more rows may be arranged in the circumferential direction. Only one row may be arranged.

Further, although the roller 3 is provided on the outer circumference of the male shaft member 1 and the roller guide groove 4 is formed on the inner circumference of the female sleeve member 2, the roller 3 is provided as in the third embodiment shown in FIG. It may be provided on the inner circumference of the female sleeve member 2 and the roller guide groove 4 may be formed on the outer circumference of the male shaft member 1.

In this case, a tap hole 35 is formed in the cassette pedestal 32 of the roller cassette 31, the seat plate 36 is fitted into the counterbore portion provided on the outer circumference of the female sleeve member 2, and the hexagon socket head cap screw 37 is tapped via the seat plate 36. The roller cassette 31 may be attached to the female sleeve member 2 by screwing it into the hole 35.

In such an embodiment, the number of rollers 3 arranged on the female sleeve member 2 side can be set so that the same number of rollers 3 on the female sleeve member 2 side are always in contact with the roller guide groove 4 of the male shaft member 1. It can be decided regardless of the amount.

1 Male shaft member 2 Female sleeve member 3 Roller 4 Roller guide groove 4a Inlet part 5 Pedestal hole 5a Screw hole 6 Dustproof cover 11 Insertion shaft part 12 Shaft neck 12a Involt spline part 13 Oil groove 21 Cylindrical part 21a Welded part 22 Shaft neck 22a Involute spline part 31 Roller cassette 32 Cassette pedestal 32a Roller shaft 32b Seat part 32c Bolt hole 32d Hexagon socket head cap screw 33 Needle roller 34a Inner washer 34b Outer washer 34c Circlip 35 Tap hole 36 Seat plate 37 Hexagon socket head cap screw

Claims (7)

The male shaft member (1) is inserted into the inner peripheral side of the female sleeve member (2) so that the axial directions match.
Of the male shaft member (1) and the female sleeve member (2), one member is provided with a plurality of rollers (3) in a row in the axial direction with the rotation axis directed in the radial direction, and the other. A roller guide groove (4) for guiding the roller (3) is formed in the member so as to extend in the axial direction.
The male shaft member (1) and the female sleeve member (2) rotate integrally when the outer diameter surface of the roller (3) abuts and engages with the side surface of the roller guide groove (4). In that state, the roller (3) rotates and slides relatively in the axial direction. The roller (3) is rotatably supported by the roller shaft (32a) of the cassette pedestal (32) via a needle roller (33) as a constituent member of the roller cassette (31).
The roller cassette (31) is attached to the one member by fitting the seat portion (32b) of the cassette pedestal (32) into the pedestal hole (5) provided in the one member. The slide shaft according to claim 1. The rollers (3) and the roller guide grooves (4) are arranged in two rows at 180 ° intervals at symmetrical positions in the circumferential direction, or in three rows at 120 ° intervals at trisecting positions, or in the circumferential direction. The slide shaft according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a plurality of rows of four or more rows are arranged, or only one row is arranged. A third aspect of the present invention, wherein an oil groove (13) extending in the axial direction is formed in a portion of the outer periphery of the male shaft member (1) to be inserted into the female sleeve member (2). The slide shaft according to any one item. The roller (3) is a spherical roller having a spherical outer diameter surface, and the roller guide groove (4) has a concave arc surface whose side surface corresponds to the shape of the outer diameter surface of the roller (3). The slide shaft according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the slide shaft is provided. The material of the male shaft member (1) and the female sleeve member (2) is chrome molybdenum steel or carbon steel for machine structure, and the material of the cassette pedestal (32) is chrome molybdenum steel. The slide shaft according to any one of claims 2 to 5, which is characterized. The dustproof cover (6) covers the outer periphery of the male shaft member (1) and the female sleeve member (2) so that the portion where the male shaft member (1) enters and exits the female sleeve member (2) is covered. ) Is attached, the slide shaft according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

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