JP2020163501A - Cutting insert and blade edge replaceable cutter - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a multi-edged blade edge replaceable cutter, which can achieve smooth finished surface excellent in finished surface roughness, without using a wiper insert, and perform high-efficiency face milling.SOLUTION: In an insert main body 1 in a polygonal plate shape, a polygonal surface is set as a rake face, a surface near the rake face of side surfaces arranged around the rake face is set as a flank face, and cutting blades are formed at a crossing ridge-line between the rake face and the flank face. The side surface at the opposite side of the rake face of the side surfaces is set as a constraining face 5, and the flank face is protruded to the outside of the insert main body 1 more than the constraining face 5. At least a center part 5a of the constraining face 5 in a circumferential direction of the side surface of the insert main body 1 is formed in a recessed surface shape recessed into the insert main body 1 toward the circumferential direction.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 7

Description

The present invention includes a polygonal plate-shaped insert body, and the polygonal surface of the insert body is a rake face, and the rake face side portion of the side surface of the insert body arranged around the rake face is A cutting insert having a cutting edge formed at the intersection ridge between the rake face and the flank as a flank, and such a cutting insert formed on the outer periphery of the tip of the cutter body rotated around the axis. It relates to a cutter with a replaceable cutting edge that is detachably attached to the insert mounting seat.

As such a cutting insert and a replaceable cutting edge cutter, for example, Patent Document 1 extends between two end faces including a first end face having two opposing end faces and having at least one corner. A cutting insert having a peripheral side surface and a cutting edge formed at the intersection of the first end surface and the peripheral side surface, and the cutting insert is orthogonal to the body portion and the insert thickness direction from the body portion. Described are cutting inserts with at least a protruding portion that projects outward in the direction of the tool, and a blade tip replaceable cutter that detachably mounts such a cutting insert on an insert mounting seat provided on the tool body. ..

Here, the first end surface includes the surface of the body portion and the protruding portion end surface of the protruding portion, the peripheral side surface includes the protruding portion side surface of the protruding portion, and the cutting edge is at the intersection of the protruding portion end surface and the protruding portion side surface. Extending along, the cutting edge comprises a cornering edge provided at the corner and a main cutting edge connected to the cornering edge. Further, in the cutting insert described in Patent Document 1, the cutting edge further includes a secondary cutting edge connected to the corner blade, whereas the length of the main cutting edge is, for example, about 5 mm. The length of the secondary cutting edge is said to be 1.2 mm.

Further, the insert mounting seat of the replaceable cutting edge cutter is provided with a bottom surface capable of contacting the lower surface of the cutting insert and a wall surface capable of contacting a part of the peripheral speed surface, and this wall surface is formed on the peripheral side surface of the cutting insert. It is defined to be in contact with the side surface of the first body portion of the body portion, and the side surface of the first body portion is a flat surface having a predetermined size and shape. According to such a cutting insert described in Patent Document 1, the protruding portion on which the cutting edge is formed is outward with respect to the body portion that abuts on the wall surface of the insert mounting seat of the cutter body of the cutter body with replaceable cutting edge. Since it protrudes, the length of the cutting edge can be increased without changing the size of the insert inscribed circle in the body.

JP-A-2017-071056

By the way, in the blade tip exchange type cutter used for finishing in the face milling of a work material, it is required to increase the number of cutting inserts to be attached in order to improve efficiency. In a blade-type replaceable cutting edge cutter, the feed amount per rotation of the cutter body often exceeds the length of the secondary cutting blade due to the large number of blades, and the surface roughness of the finished surface may deteriorate. is there.

In order to prevent such deterioration of the surface roughness of the finished surface, it is conceivable to extend the length of the auxiliary cutting edge. However, if the mounting position accuracy of the cutting insert to the insert mounting seat is not high, the secondary cutting edge, which should normally be arranged along a plane perpendicular to the axis of the cutter body, is tilted with respect to this plane, resulting in finishing. There will be a step on the surface. For this reason, in the case of a non-abrasive-grade cutting insert whose mounting position accuracy on the insert mounting seat is not high, the surface roughness of the finished surface deteriorates when the auxiliary cutting edge is extended.

Further, in order to prevent such deterioration of the surface roughness of the finished surface, for example, it is conceivable to attach a wiper insert to the cutter body in addition to the cutting insert that performs normal finished surface processing. However, such a wiper insert is cut. Since the blade has a step in the axial direction (front direction) of the cutter body with the secondary cutting edge of the cutting insert that performs normal finishing surface machining, it may cause an increase in the rotational driving force of the cutter body or cutting conditions. Is restricted. In addition, there is a concern that the cost of the wiper insert will increase because the number of corners that can be used for the cutting insert that performs normal finished surface machining is also reduced.

The present invention has been made under such a background, and it is possible to obtain a smooth finished surface having an excellent finished surface roughness without using a wiper insert in a multi-blade replaceable cutting edge cutter. It is an object of the present invention to provide a cutting insert capable of performing high-efficiency face milling, and a cutter with a replaceable cutting edge to which such a cutting insert is detachably attached.

In order to solve the above problems and achieve such an object, the cutting insert of the present invention is attached to and detached from the insert mounting seat formed on the outer periphery of the tip of the cutter body of the blade tip exchange type cutter rotated around the axis. A cutting insert that can be attached so that the polygonal surface of the polygonal plate-shaped insert body is a rake surface, and the side surface of the insert body arranged around the rake surface is the rake surface side. A portion is used as a flank, and a cutting edge is formed at the intersection ridge between the rake face and the flank, and the portion of the side surface opposite to the rake surface abuts on the wall surface of the insert mounting seat. It is a restraint surface, and the flank surface protrudes outward from the restraint surface to the outside of the insert body, and at least the central portion of the restraint surface in the circumferential direction of the side surface of the insert body is directed toward the circumferential direction. It is characterized in that it has a concave shape that is recessed inward of the insert body.

Further, in the blade tip exchange type cutter of the present invention, such a cutting insert directs the rake face to the cutter rotation direction on an insert mounting seat formed on the outer periphery of the tip portion of the cutter body rotated around the axis, and the above. It is characterized in that the auxiliary cutting edge is provided along a plane perpendicular to the axis, and the restraining surface is brought into contact with the wall surface of the insert mounting seat so as to be detachably attached.

In the cutting insert and the cutting edge replaceable cutter configured as described above, in the insert body of the cutting insert, at least the central portion of the restraint surface in the circumferential direction of the side surface is recessed inward in the insert body toward the circumferential direction. Since it is concave, the central part does not contact the wall surface of the insert mounting seat, and the wall surface of the insert mounting seat is in contact with both ends or both ends of the restraint surface spaced by the central part in the circumferential direction. Only the edge.

Therefore, when the cutting insert is a non-abrasive-grade cutting insert in which the restraint surface is not polished and the central portion occupies most of the restraint surface, the restraint is performed even if the accuracy of the central portion is poor. The cutting insert can be supported by two-sided contact or two-line contact by bringing both ends or both ends in the circumferential direction of the surface into contact with the wall surface. Therefore, the insert body can be supported without rattling to prevent the secondary cutting edge from tilting, and even if the secondary cutting edge is extended, excellent surface roughness of the finished surface can be obtained.

The central portion of the concave restraint surface may be a flat surface that is recessed inward of the insert body with steps from both ends, or may have a V-shaped cross section, but both ends of the restraint surface. If the portion or both end edges come into contact with the wall surface of the insert mounting seat and are pressed, the insert body may be cracked from the corner of the step or the V-shaped bent portion. Therefore, it is desirable that at least the central portion of the restraint surface has a concave curved surface shape that is recessed inward of the insert body in the circumferential direction.

When at least the central portion of the restraint surface is formed into a concave curved surface in this way, it is desirable that the radius of curvature of the concave curved surface is within the range of 40 mm to 120 mm. If the radius of curvature is less than 40 mm, the width of the central portion of the restraint surface in the circumferential direction becomes smaller, so that the distance between both ends becomes smaller and both ends become a wide surface, and depending on the accuracy of both ends, secondary cutting The blade may tilt. Further, if the radius of curvature is larger than 120 mm, the central portion becomes almost flat, and depending on the molding accuracy of the insert body, it may come into contact with the wall surface of the insert mounting seat.

Further, both ends of the restraint surface in the circumferential direction are formed in a flat surface shape located on one plane, and the central portion is formed from the one plane on which the both ends are located to the insert body. It may be formed in a concave shape that is recessed inward. If the accuracy of the flat surface formed by both ends is ensured, the cutting insert can be stably attached to the insert mounting seat.

However, even in such a case, if the width of both ends in the circumferential direction becomes too large, the accuracy of both ends may affect the inclination of the secondary cutting edge. Therefore, both ends of the restraint surface in the circumferential direction It is desirable that the width in the circumferential direction is within the range of 1.0 mm or less. Further, when the length of the auxiliary cutting edge is extended to prevent deterioration of the surface roughness of the finished surface as described above, the circumferences of the both end portions formed in the flat surface shape of the restraint surface are described. It is desirable that the width in the direction is smaller than the width in the circumferential direction of the flank surface connected to the secondary cutting edge.

Instead of forming both ends of the restraint surface in the circumferential direction into a flat surface shape in this way, the insert body is inserted between the two restraint surfaces adjacent to the circumferential direction toward the circumferential direction. A convex curved surface that is convex outward may be formed, and the central portion of the restraint surface may be a concave surface that is in contact with or intersects the convex curved surface. In this case, the tangent line or line of intersection between the central portion of the concave restraint surface and the convex curved surface comes into contact with the wall surface of the insert mounting seat by two-line contact, and both ends of the restraint surface become both end edges. Therefore, the width in the circumferential direction is approximately 0 mm.

On the other hand, when the length of the secondary cutting edge is extended to prevent the deterioration of the surface roughness of the finished surface as described above, the length of the main cutting edge is L1 when viewed from the direction facing the rake face. It is desirable that the ratio L1 / L2 to the length L2 of the secondary cutting edge is within the range of 1.0 to 2.0. As a result, for example, as described in Patent Document 1, the length of the main cutting edge is about 5 mm, whereas the length of the secondary cutting edge is 1.2 mm, and the ratio is about 4.2. The ratio of the length L2 of the secondary cutting edge can be increased as compared with the case of.

Therefore, the flank surface on the rake face side of the side surface of the insert body projects outward from the restraint surface to the outside of the insert body, and the length of one side of the polygonal surface to be the rake face, that is, the length of the cutting edge. Combined with the fact that the length can be increased, the length of the secondary cutting edge can be secured to be long. For this reason, even when high-efficiency machining is performed with a multi-blade replaceable cutting edge cutter, it is possible to prevent the feed amount per rotation of the cutter body from exceeding the length of the secondary cutting edge, and a wiper insert is used. It is possible to improve the roughness of the finished surface without any problem.

Here, if the ratio L1 / L2 of the length L1 of the main cutting edge and the length L2 of the secondary cutting edge when viewed from the direction facing the rake face exceeds 2.0, it is sufficient for the secondary cutting edge. Since the length cannot be secured, the above-mentioned finished surface roughness cannot be improved. Further, when this ratio L1 / L2 is less than 1.0, the portion of the auxiliary cutting edge that is not used for cutting becomes long even in high-efficiency machining, which is inefficient.

However, as described above, when the length L2 of the secondary cutting edge becomes long, the length L1 of the main cutting edge becomes relatively short, but the cutting amount is small in the finishing process in the face milling of the work material. Does not interfere with. In the present invention, corner blades are formed in the corner portions adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction of the polygonal surface, and the main corner blades are connected to one side of the polygonal surface between the corner blades and one end of the corner blades. When the cutting blade and the secondary cutting blade connected to the other end of the other corner blade are adjacent to each other, the length of the portion of the length of the above one side other than the length L2 of the secondary cutting blade is used as the length of the main cutting blade. The length is L1.

By the way, for example, in an attempt to give a positive axial rake angle to the main cutting edge, when the main cutting edge is tilted toward the restraint surface side as the distance from one end of the corner blade increases, the main cutting edge adjacent to the above one side Corner of the cutting edge A joint that cuts up on the side opposite to the end opposite to one end and the restraint surface that connects the secondary cutting blade is required, and such a joint does not function as the main cutting blade, so the joint The length of the main cutting edge that functions as the cutting edge excluding the above, that is, the effective cutting edge length of the main cutting edge is the length L1 or less of the main cutting edge including the connecting portion.

Therefore, the main cutting edge is inclined toward the restraining surface side as it is separated from one end of the corner blade, and is in contact with the sub cutting edge of another cutting edge adjacent to one side of the polygonal surface. In the meantime, when there is a connecting portion that cuts up to the side opposite to the restraining surface as the other cutting edge moves toward the secondary cutting edge side, the secondary cutting is viewed from the direction facing the rake face. The blade length L2 may be equal to or greater than the effective cutting edge length L3 of the main cutting edge excluding the connecting portion.

In this case, the ratio L3 / L2 of the effective cutting edge length L3 of the main cutting edge to the length L2 of the secondary cutting edge is in the range of 0.5 to 1.0 when viewed from the direction facing the rake face. It is desirable to be inside. If this ratio L3 / L2 is less than 0.5, the effective cutting edge length of the main cutting edge becomes too short, and even in finishing with a small cutting amount, the cutting amount may be insufficient. If it exceeds 1.0, the secondary cutting may be insufficient. The length of the blade may be insufficient.

Further, by giving a positive clearance angle of 5 ° or less to the flank surface, it is possible to secure the strength of the cutting edge while suppressing the wear of the flank surface. In particular, even if a positive clearance angle is given to the flank surface in this way, the flank surface intersecting with the sub cutting edge is formed so as to become wider toward the corner blade side, so that it is always used for cutting. It is possible to improve the strength of the secondary cutting edge on the corner edge side. Further, by forming the auxiliary cutting edge in a convex curve shape when viewed from the direction facing the rake face, even if the cutting insert is attached with a slight inclination in the direction in which the convex curve extends, an excellent finished surface is obtained. Roughness can be maintained.

As described above, according to the present invention, even in a multi-blade replaceable cutting edge cutter, it is possible to perform high-efficiency face milling without using a wiper insert, and a secondary cutting edge can be used. Even if it is extended, the inclination of the secondary cutting edge can be prevented, and a smooth finished surface with excellent finished surface roughness can be obtained.

It is a perspective view seen from the rake face side which shows one Embodiment of the cutting insert of this invention. It is a top view seen from the direction facing the rake face of the embodiment shown in FIG. It is a side view of the embodiment shown in FIG. It is an enlarged view of the part A in FIG. It is an enlarged view of the part A in FIG. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view orthogonal to the cutting edge of the embodiment shown in FIG. It is a ZZ cross-sectional view in FIG. It is a perspective view from the bottom surface side of the cutter body which shows one Embodiment of the cutting edge exchange type cutter of this invention which attached the cutting insert of the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 7. It is a bottom view of the cutting edge exchange type cutter shown in FIG. It is a side view of the cutting edge exchange type cutter shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows the surface roughness of the finished surface of the work material which was face milled by the Example of this invention. It is a figure which shows the surface roughness of the finished surface of the work material which was face-milled by the comparative example with respect to the Example shown in FIG.

1 to 7 show an embodiment of the cutting insert of the present invention, and FIGS. 8 to 10 show an embodiment of the cutting edge replaceable cutter of the present invention to which the cutting insert of this embodiment is attached. It shows. The cutting insert of the present embodiment includes a polygonal plate-shaped insert body 1 formed of a hard material such as cemented carbide, and the insert body 1 is a regular polygonal plate of pentagon or more. More specifically, as shown in FIG. 2, it has a regular heptagonal plate shape centered on the insert center line C.

The polygonal surface (regular heptagonal surface) of the insert body 1 is a rake surface 2, and of the side surfaces of the insert body 1 arranged around the rake surface 2, the portion on the rake surface 2 side is a flank surface. It is said to be 3. A cutting edge 4 is formed at the intersecting ridge line portion between the rake surface 2 and the flank surface 3.

On the other hand, of the side surface of the insert main body 1, the portion opposite to the rake face 2 is a restraint surface 5 that abuts on the wall surface of the insert mounting seat formed on the cutter main body of the blade tip exchange type cutter described later. Then, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, the flank 3 projects outward from the restraint surface 5 to the outside of the insert body 1.

Further, the surface of the insert body 1 opposite to the polygonal surface is a seating surface 6 that can be seated on the bottom surface of the insert mounting seat. Between the seating surface 6 and the restraining surface 5, the diameter is reduced by one step from the restraining surface 5, and then the outer diameter is gradually reduced toward the seating surface 6 side in a truncated cone shape centered on the insert center line C. Part 7 is formed. Therefore, the seating surface 6 has a circular outer shape.

Further, at the center of the circular surface as the seating surface 6 and the polygonal surface (regular heptagonal surface) as the rake face 2, a circular cross section penetrating the insert body 1 with the insert center line C as the center. The mounting hole 8 is open. The diameter of the mounting hole 8 is reduced toward the seating surface 6 side on the rake face 2 side, and the entire seating surface 6 and the periphery of the opening of the mounting hole 8 on the rake face 2 are on the insert center line C. It is formed in a vertical plane.

The cutting blade 4 is formed on a corner blade 4a formed at a corner portion of a polygonal surface to be a rake surface 2, a main cutting blade 4b connected to one end P1 of the corner blade 4a, and the other end P2 of the corner blade 4a. It is equipped with a series of secondary cutting blades 4c. In the present embodiment, such cutting blades 4 are formed on all corners and sides of the polygonal surface to be the rake face 2, and the cutting edges adjacent to the rake face 2 in the circumferential direction on one side. The main cutting edge 4b and the sub cutting edge 4c of No. 4 are continuous.

As shown in FIG. 2, the corner blade 4a is formed in a convex curved shape such as a convex arc when viewed from the direction facing the rake face 2 in the insert center line C direction. Further, the secondary cutting edge 4c also has a radius of curvature R larger than the convex curve formed by the corner blade 4a when viewed from the direction facing the rake face 2 in the direction of the insert center line C, and has a radius of curvature R of, for example, a convex arc of 200 mm. Etc. are formed in a convex curve shape. The main cutting edge 4b is linear when viewed from the direction facing the rake face 2 in the direction of the insert center line C.

Further, in the present embodiment, the secondary cutting edge 4c extends along a plane perpendicular to the insert center line C as shown in FIG. On the other hand, the corner blade 4a is inclined toward the restraint surface 5 side as it is separated from the other end P2 of the corner blade 4a in which the secondary cutting blades 4c are connected. Further, as shown in FIG. 5 when viewed from the direction facing the flank surface 3, the main cutting edge 4b is linearly inclined so as to move toward the restraint surface 5 side as the distance from one end P1 of the corner blade 4a increases.

Furthermore, on the side of the secondary cutting edge 4c of the main cutting edge 4b adjacent to one side of the polygonal surface, a straight line extending from one end P1 of the corner blade 4a is in contact with the contact point P3 to draw a concave curve with the restraint surface 5. Extends to the opposite side, further extends to the opposite side of the restraint surface 5 by drawing a convex curve in contact with this concave curve, and contacts the secondary cutting edge 4c of the adjacent cutting edge 4 on one side of the polygonal surface at the contact P4. A connecting portion 4d in contact is formed. In the present embodiment, the length seen from the direction facing the rake face 2 from one end of the corner blade 4a to the contact point P4 between the connecting portion 4d and the auxiliary cutting blade 4c is defined as the length of the main cutting blade 4b described later. To.

Further, the flank 3 of the cutting edge 4 is parallel to the insert center line C so as to face the inside of the insert body 1 toward the restraint surface 5 side as shown in FIG. 6 in a cross section orthogonal to the cutting edge 4. It is inclined with respect to a straight line, whereby a positive clearance angle θ is given to the flank surface 3. This clearance angle θ is set to 5 ° or less, and is set to 3 ° in the present embodiment. Further, as shown in FIG. 6 in a cross section orthogonal to the cutting edge 4, the rake face 2 is inclined toward the seating surface 6 side from the cutting edge 4 toward the inside of the rake face 2.

Furthermore, in the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2 when viewed from the direction facing the rake face 2 in the direction of the insert center line C, the sub of the cutting edge 4 adjacent to one end P1 of the corner blade 4a in the circumferential direction. The length L1 of the main cutting edge 4b up to the contact point P4 with the cutting edge 4c and the contact point P4 between the other end P2 of the corner blade 4a and the main cutting edge 4b of the cutting edge 4 adjacent in the circumferential direction. The ratio L1 / L2 of the secondary cutting edge 4c to the length L2 is in the range of 1.0 to 2.0. In the present embodiment, the length L2 of the secondary cutting edge 4c is 2.5 mm, and the ratio L1 / L2 is 1.3.

Further, in the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2 when viewed from the direction facing the rake face 2 in the same direction as the insert center line C, the main cutting edge 4 adjacent to the other end P2 of the corner blade 4a in the circumferential direction. The length L2 of the secondary cutting edge 4c up to the contact point P4 with the cutting edge 4b is such that the main cutting edge 4b draws a concave curve at the connecting portion 4d from one end P1 of the corner blade 4a and is opposite to the restraining surface 5. The effective cutting edge length L3 or more of the main cutting edge 4b up to the contact point P3 with the concave curve that begins to cut up is set. The ratio L3 / L2 of the effective cutting edge length L3 of the main cutting edge 4b to the length L2 of the auxiliary cutting edge 4c is in the range of 0.5 to 1.0, and is 1.0 in the present embodiment. It is said that.

Further, in the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 5, the width of the flank 3 intersecting the corner blade 4a and the main cutting blade 4b in the insert center line C direction is substantially constant. On the other hand, the width of the flank 3 intersecting the secondary cutting edge 4c in the insert center line C direction is the contact point P4 with the main cutting edge 4b adjacent in the circumferential direction, as also shown in FIG. 5 in the present embodiment. The width becomes wider toward the corner blade 4a side, and becomes slightly narrower in front of the other end P2 of the corner blade 4a, and is connected to the flank 3 intersecting the corner blade 4a.

On the other hand, in the present embodiment, the restraint surfaces 5 are formed so as to extend parallel to the insert center line C, respectively. At least the central portion 5a of each restraint surface 5 in the circumferential direction of the side surface of the insert main body 1 has a concave surface shape that is recessed inward in the insert main body 1 in the circumferential direction.

Specifically, in the present embodiment, both end portions 5b of the restraint surface 5 in the circumferential direction are parallel to each side of the rake face 2 in the perspective view seen from the direction facing the rake surface 2 in the insert center line C direction. While it is formed in a flat surface shape located on one plane, the central portion 5a in the circumferential direction between these both end portions 5b is each side of the rake surface 2 on which both end portions 5b are located. It is formed in a concave shape that is recessed inward from one plane parallel to the insert body 1.

Here, the circumferential width W of both end portions 5b of the restraint surface 5 is the circumferential width of the central portion 5a and the flanks of the main cutting blade 4b and the sub cutting blade 4c connected to the rake face 2 side of both end portions 5b. It is made extremely smaller than the length in the circumferential direction of 3, for example, within the range of 1.0 mm or less, and is 0.3 mm in the present embodiment. A convex curved surface is formed between both end portions 5b of the restraint surfaces 5 adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction so that the cross section perpendicular to the insert center line C intersects the corner blade 4a such as an arc.

Further, the central portion 5a of the restraint surface 5 may have a planar shape or a V-shaped cross section that is recessed inward of the insert main body 1 with a step from the one plane on which both end portions 5b are located. Then, as shown in FIG. 7, the cross section perpendicular to the insert center line C is formed in a concave curved surface shape that is recessed inward from both end portions 5b of the insert body 1. The radius of curvature r of this concave curved surface is, for example, in the range of 40 mm to 120 mm, and is 80 mm in the present embodiment.

As shown in FIGS. 8 to 10, such a cutting insert has a tip portion (lower portion in FIG. 10) of a disk-shaped cutter body 11 centered on the axis O in one embodiment of the cutting edge replaceable cutter of the present invention. ) It is detachably attached to a plurality of (10 in this embodiment) insert mounting seats 12 formed on the outer circumference. Then, while the cutter body 11 is rotated around the axis O in the cutter rotation direction T, it is sent out in a direction perpendicular to the axis O, so that the cutting edge 4 cuts the work material like face milling. Apply processing.

The insert mounting seat 12 is formed as a recess recessed from the outer periphery of the tip end portion of the cutter body 11 to the inner peripheral side of the rear end portion, and has a flat bottom surface facing the cutter rotation direction T and the same extending from the bottom surface to the cutter rotation direction T side. A flat wall surface facing the outer peripheral side of the cutter body 11 and a wall surface facing the tip end side of the cutter body 11 are provided. Further, concave groove-shaped tip pockets 13 are formed on the cutter rotation direction T side of the insert mounting seat 12, respectively.

For the cutting insert, the seating surface 6 of the insert body 1 is brought into close contact with the bottom surface of the insert mounting seat 12, and the circumference of the insert body 1 is placed on the two wall surfaces of the insert mounting seat 12. Two restraint surfaces 5 that are spaced apart by one restraint surface 5 in the direction are brought into contact with each other and seated. Moreover, since the central portion 5a of the restraint surface 5 is formed in a concave shape recessed inward of the insert body 1 with respect to the one plane on which both end portions 5b are located, the two restraint surfaces 5 are respectively. Both ends 5b of the above are brought into contact with the two flat wall surfaces.

Further, a screw hole is formed on the bottom surface of the insert mounting seat 12, and the clamp screw 14 inserted into the mounting hole 8 of the insert body 1 is screwed into the screw hole, so that the cutting insert has a seating surface 6 of the cutting insert. While being pressed against the bottom surface, the two restraint surfaces 5 are pressed against the two wall surfaces and are detachably attached to the insert mounting seat 12. In the state of being attached to the insert mounting seat 12 in this way, the cutting insert directs the rake face 2 in the cutter rotation direction T and makes the auxiliary cutting edge 4c of one cutting edge 4 run along a plane perpendicular to the axis O. Arranged like this.

In the blade tip exchange type cutter to which the cutting insert is attached in this way, at least the central portion 5a of each restraint surface 5 in the circumferential direction of the side surface of the insert body 1 is recessed inward of the insert body 1 in the circumferential direction. It has a concave shape. Specifically, in the present embodiment, both ends 5b of the restraint surface 5 in the circumferential direction are with each side of the rake face 2 in a perspective view seen from a direction facing the rake face 2 in the insert center line C direction. The central portion 5a of the restraint surface 5 which is formed in a flat surface shape located on one plane parallel to the insert center line C and has a long circumferential length between both end portions 5b thereof is formed. It is formed in a concave shape that is recessed inward of the insert body 1 from the one plane on which both end portions 5b are located.

Therefore, only the flat surface-shaped both ends 5b of the restraint surface 5 spaced apart from each other in the circumferential direction by the central portion 5a come into contact with the two flat wall surfaces of the insert mounting seat 12, and the concave restraint. The central portion 5a of the surface 5 does not touch these wall surfaces. Therefore, even if the insert body 1 is a non-polishing outer peripheral cutting insert in which the restraint surface 5 is not polished and the accuracy of the central portion showing most of the restraint surface 5 is poor, both end portions 5b abut against the wall surface. By making two-point contact (two-wire contact), the cutting insert can be supported without rattling and the inclination of the auxiliary cutting edge 4c can be prevented, and excellent surface roughness of the finished surface can be obtained.

Further, in the present embodiment, the central portion 5a of the restraint surface 5 is formed in a concave curved surface shape recessed inward from both end portions 5b in a cross section perpendicular to the insert center line C, and both end portions 5b. The corners are prevented from being formed as in the case of a flat surface or a V-shaped cross section that is recessed inward of the insert body 1 with a step from the one plane on which the is located. Therefore, even if both end portions 5b are in contact with the wall surface of the insert mounting seat 12 and pressed as described above, it is possible to prevent a situation in which the insert body 1 is cracked from such a corner portion.

Further, the width W of both end portions 5b of the restraint surface 5 in the circumferential direction is the width W of the central portion 5a and the flank surface 3 intersecting the main cutting edge 4b and the sub cutting edge 4c connected to the rake face 2 side of the both end portions 5b. It is made extremely smaller than the length in the circumferential direction of, and is within the range of 1.0 mm or less in this embodiment. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the width W of both end portions 5b from becoming too large and the cutting insert from rattling or tilting due to the accuracy of both end portions 5b.

The width W may be 0 mm, that is, the convex curved surface connected to the flank 3 intersecting the corner blades 4a between the restraint surfaces 5 adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction is the concave restraint surface 5 as it is. It is connected in contact with or intersects the central portion 5a, and the tangent line or the intersection line between the convex curved surface and the central portion 5a of the concave restraint surface 5 is in contact with the wall surface of the insert mounting seat 12. You may.

Further, when the central portion 5a of the restraint surface 5 is formed into a concave curved surface in this way, the radius of curvature r in the cross section perpendicular to the insert center line C of the concave curved surface is in the range of 40 mm to 120 mm as in the present embodiment. It is desirable to be inside. If the radius of curvature r is less than 40 mm, the distance between both end portions 5b of the restraint surface 5 may become small and the width W may become large. Conversely, if the radius of curvature r is larger than 120 mm, the center The portion 5a may become nearly flat and may come into contact with the wall surface of the insert mounting seat 12 depending on the molding accuracy of the insert body 1.

On the other hand, in the present embodiment, the ratio L1 / L2 of the length L1 of the main cutting edge 4b and the length L2 of the secondary cutting edge 4c when viewed from the direction facing the rake face 2 of the cutting insert is 1.0. It is in the range of ~ 2.0, and in this embodiment, it is 1.3, whereas the length of the main cutting edge is about 5 mm as in the cutting insert described in Patent Document 1. The length of the secondary cutting edge is 1.2 mm, and the ratio of the secondary cutting edge is about 4.2, whereas the length L2 of the secondary cutting edge occupies a large proportion.

Moreover, of the side surfaces of the insert body 1, the flank surface 3 that intersects the rake surface 2 to form the cutting edge 4 projects outward from the restraint surface 5 on the opposite side of the rake surface 2. Therefore, as compared with the cutting insert in which the restraint surface does not project the flank surface 3 and the restraint surface directly intersects the rake face as the flank surface to form a cutting edge, the polygonal surface 1 which is the rake face 2 is used. The length of the side, that is, the length of the cutting edge 4 itself can be increased, and in combination with this, the length L2 of the secondary cutting edge 4c can be further increased.

Therefore, even when high-efficiency machining is performed with a multi-blade replaceable cutting edge cutter as in the present embodiment, it is possible to prevent the feed amount per rotation of the cutter main body 11 from exceeding the length of the secondary cutting edge 4c. be able to. Therefore, according to the present embodiment, in addition to being able to prevent the auxiliary cutting edge 4c from tilting as described above, highly efficient surface milling can be performed without using a wiper insert. At the same time, it is possible to improve the finished surface roughness of the finished surface of the work material.

Here, when the ratio L1 / L2 of the length L1 of the main cutting edge and the length L2 of the secondary cutting edge when viewed from the direction facing the rake face 2 exceeds 2.0, the secondary cutting edge 4c is formed. It becomes impossible to secure a sufficient length, and thus it is not possible to improve the finished surface roughness of the finished surface of the work material. Further, if this ratio L1 / L2 is less than 1.0, the portion of the auxiliary cutting edge 4c that is not used for cutting becomes long even in high-efficiency machining, which is inefficient.

When the length L2 of the secondary cutting edge 4c becomes long in this way, the length L1 of the main cutting edge formed adjacent to one side of the polygonal surface formed by the same rake face 2 becomes relatively short, but is covered. Since the depth of cut is small in the finishing process in the face milling of the cutting material, if the ratio L1 / L2 of the length L1 of the main cutting edge and the length L2 of the secondary cutting edge is 1.0 or more as described above, It does not interfere with processing.

By the way, the length L1 of the main cutting blade 4b is such that the corner blades 4a are formed at the corner portions adjacent to the polygonal surface of the insert body 1 which is the rake surface 2 as in the present embodiment in the circumferential direction. On one side of the polygonal surface between these corner blades 4a, the main cutting blade 4b connected to one end P1 of the corner blade 4a of one cutting blade 4 and the other end P2 of the corner blade 4a of the other cutting blade 4 When the continuous secondary cutting blades 4c are adjacent to each other, the length of a portion of the length of one side other than the length L2 of the secondary cutting blade 4c is defined as the length L1 of the main cutting blade.

However, as in the present embodiment, the main cutting edge 4b is inclined toward the restraint surface 5 side as it is separated from one end P1 of the corner blade 4a, and is aligned with the adjacent auxiliary cutting edge 4c on one side of the same polygonal surface. When a connecting portion 4d that cuts up from the contact P3 toward the contact P4 on the side opposite to the restraining surface 5 is formed between the two, this connecting portion 4d is not usually used for cutting, and the connecting portion is not used. The length of the main cutting edge 4b that functions as the cutting edge 4 excluding 4d, that is, the effective cutting edge length L3 is equal to or less than the length L1 of the portion of the length of one side other than the secondary cutting edge 4c.

Therefore, as in the present embodiment, the length L2 of the secondary cutting edge 4c is the effective cutting edge length L3 of the main cutting edge 4b excluding the connecting portion 4d when viewed from the direction facing the rake face 2. It is desirable that the above is stated. In this case, the ratio L3 / L2 of the effective cutting edge length L3 of the main cutting edge 4b to the length L2 of the auxiliary cutting edge 4c when viewed from the direction facing the rake face 2 is also the present embodiment. It is desirable that it is in the range of 0.5 to 1.0 as in. If this ratio L3 / L2 is less than 0.5, the effective cutting edge length L3 of the main cutting edge 4b becomes too short, and even in finishing processing with a small cutting amount, the cutting amount may be insufficient, and if it exceeds 1.0. The length of the secondary cutting edge 4c may be insufficient.

Further, in the present embodiment, the flank surface 3 is provided with a positive clearance angle θ of 5 ° or less, which can suppress wear of the flank surface 3 and secure the strength of the cutting edge 4. It becomes possible to do. Further, since the rake face 2 is inclined toward the seating surface 6 side from the cutting edge 4 toward the inside of the rake face 2, the flank surface 3 is attached to the cutter body 11 with the cutting insert attached. Even if a clearance angle larger than 5 ° is given to the cutting edge 4, the rake angle of the cutting edge 4 can be set to a positive angle, and an increase in cutting resistance can be suppressed.

Further, in the present embodiment, the flank 3 intersecting the secondary cutting edge 4c is formed so that the width in the insert center line C direction becomes wider toward the corner blade 4a side. Here, the portion of the secondary cutting blade 4c on the corner blade 4a side is a portion that is always used for cutting regardless of the feed amount of the cutter body 11, whereas the relief of the secondary cutting blade 4c in such a portion. By making the width of the surface 3 wide, according to the present embodiment, even if a positive clearance angle θ is given to the clearance surface 3 as described above, the strength of the secondary cutting edge 4c on the corner blade 4a side is improved. It is possible to prevent chipping and chipping.

Furthermore, in the present embodiment, the secondary cutting edge 4c is formed in a convex curve shape having a radius of curvature R larger than, for example, the corner blade 4a when viewed from the direction facing the rake face 2. Therefore, when the cutting insert is attached to the insert mounting seat 12 of the cutter body 11, even if the cutting insert is attached with a slight inclination in the direction in which the convex curve extends, a large step is provided on the finished surface of the work material. It is possible to prevent it from being lost, and it is possible to more reliably obtain the above-mentioned excellent finished surface roughness.

Hereinafter, the effects of the present invention will be demonstrated with reference to examples of the present invention. In this embodiment, a non-abrasive-grade cutting insert based on the above embodiment is manufactured, attached to the cutter body of a cutter with a replaceable cutting edge, face-milled on the work material, and a cutting test is performed to perform a cutting test. The roughness curve of was measured. The result is shown in FIG. However, in the cutter body 11 of the blade tip exchange type cutter shown in FIGS. 8 to 10, the number of insert mounting seats 12 was 10, whereas in this embodiment, the outer diameter (diameter) of the tip of the cutter body is The diameter was 63 mm, and the number of insert mounting seats was eight.

Further, as a comparative example with respect to this example, a cutting insert having the same structure as that of the example except that the restraining surface is the same flat surface as the cutting insert described in Patent Document 1 is manufactured and carried out. A cutting test was performed under the same cutting conditions as in the example, and the roughness curve of the finished surface was measured. The result is shown in FIG.

The conditions of the cutting test are that the material of the work material is FCD700, the cutting speed vc: 250 m / min, the depth of cut ap: 0.2 mm, the depth of cut in the radial direction Ae: 50 mm, and the feed amount per blade fz: 0. It was a dry cutting at .25 mm / t, a feed rate f per rotation of the cutter body f: 1.5 mm / rev.

From the results shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, in the comparative example in which the ratio L1 / L2 of the length L1 of the main cutting edge 4b to the length L2 of the sub cutting edge 4c is 4.6, the roughness curve is large. There was a step, and the surface roughness was Ra: 2.35 μm and Rz: 12.41 μm. On the other hand, in the embodiment in which the ratio L1 / L2 of the length L1 of the main cutting edge 4b and the length L2 of the secondary cutting edge 4c is 1.3, the step of the roughness curve becomes small and the finished surface becomes small. It was smoothed and the surface roughness was Ra: 0.47 μm and Rz: 3.38 μm.

1 Insert body 2 Scoop surface 3 Escape surface 4 Cutting blade 4a Corner blade 4b Main cutting blade 4c Secondary cutting blade 4d Connecting part 5 Restraint surface 5a Central part of restraint surface 5 5b Both ends of restraint surface 5 6 Seating surface 8 Mounting hole 11 Cutter body 12 Insert mounting seat 14 Clamp screw C Insert center line L1 Length of main cutting edge 4b seen from the direction facing the rake face 2 L2 Length of secondary cutting edge 4c seen from the direction facing the rake face 2 L3 Effective cutting edge length of the main cutting edge 4b seen from the direction facing the rake face 2 R Radius of curvature of the secondary cutting edge 4c seen from the direction facing the rake face 2 r Restraint surface 5 in the cross section perpendicular to the insert center line C Radius of curvature of central portion 5a W Width of both ends 5b of restraint surface 5 P1 One end of corner blade 4a P2 Other end of corner blade 4a P3 Contact point between main cutting blade 4b and connecting part 4d Contact point with 4d θ Clearance angle of cutting edge 4 O Axis of cutter body 11 T Cutter rotation direction

Claims (14)

A cutting insert that can be detachably attached to the insert mounting seat formed on the outer circumference of the tip of the cutter body of a cutter body with a replaceable cutting edge that rotates around the axis.
The polygonal surface of the polygonal plate-shaped insert body is used as a rake surface, and the portion of the side surface of the insert body arranged around the rake surface on the rake face side is used as a flank surface. A cutting edge is formed at the intersection ridgeline between the surface and the flank,
The portion of the side surface opposite to the rake surface is a restraint surface that abuts on the wall surface of the insert mounting seat, and the flank surface projects outward from the restraint surface to the outside of the insert body.
The cutting edge includes a corner blade formed at a corner portion of the polygonal surface to be the rake face, a main cutting blade connected to one end of the corner blade, and a secondary cutting blade connected to the other end of the corner blade. With
A cutting insert characterized in that at least a central portion of the restraint surface in the circumferential direction of the side surface of the insert body has a concave shape that is recessed inward in the insert body toward the circumferential direction. The cutting insert according to claim 1, wherein at least the central portion of the restraint surface has a concave curved surface shape that is recessed inward of the insert body in the circumferential direction. The cutting insert according to claim 2, wherein at least the central portion of the restraint surface has a concave curved surface having a radius of curvature within the range of 40 mm to 120 mm. Both ends of the restraint surface in the circumferential direction are formed in a flat surface shape located on one plane, and the central portion is inside the insert body from the one plane on which the both ends are located. The cutting insert according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the cutting insert is formed in a concave shape that is recessed in the direction. 4. The width of each of the both end portions of the restraint surface formed in a flat surface shape in the circumferential direction is smaller than the width of the flank surface connected to the auxiliary cutting edge in the circumferential direction. Cutting inserts described in. A convex curved surface that is convex outward of the insert body toward the circumferential direction is formed between the two restraint surfaces adjacent to the circumferential direction, and the central portion of the restraint surface is the above. The cutting insert according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the cutting insert has a concave shape that is in contact with or intersects a convex curved surface. The aspect according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein both ends of the restraint surface in the circumferential direction have a width of 1.0 mm or less in the circumferential direction. Cutting insert. The ratio L1 / L2 of the length L1 of the main cutting edge to the length L2 of the sub cutting edge is in the range of 1.0 to 2.0 when viewed from the direction facing the rake face. The cutting insert according to any one of claims 1 to 7. The main cutting edge is inclined toward the restraining surface side as it is separated from one end of the corner blade, and is between the main cutting edge and the secondary cutting edge of another cutting edge adjacent to one side of the polygonal surface. , It has a connecting portion that cuts up to the side opposite to the restraining surface as it goes toward the secondary cutting edge side of the other cutting edge.
The eighth aspect of the present invention, wherein the length L2 of the secondary cutting edge is equal to or greater than the effective cutting edge length L3 of the main cutting edge excluding the connecting portion when viewed from the direction facing the rake face. Cutting insert. The ratio L3 / L2 of the effective cutting edge length L3 of the main cutting edge to the length L2 of the sub cutting edge is within the range of 0.5 to 1.0 when viewed from the direction facing the rake face. 9. The cutting insert according to claim 9. The cutting insert according to any one of claims 6 to 8, wherein the clearance surface is provided with a positive clearance angle of 5 ° or less. The cutting insert according to any one of claims 6 to 11, wherein the flank intersecting the secondary cutting edge becomes wider toward the corner blade side. The cutting insert according to any one of claims 6 to 12, wherein the auxiliary cutting edge has a convex curve shape when viewed from a direction facing the rake face. The cutting insert according to any one of claims 1 to 13 faces the rake surface in the cutter rotation direction on the insert mounting seat formed on the outer periphery of the tip of the cutter body that is rotated around the axis. A blade tip replaceable cutter, characterized in that the auxiliary cutting edge is placed along a plane perpendicular to the axis, and the restraining surface is brought into contact with the wall surface of the insert mounting seat to be detachably attached.

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