JP2020157816A - Ground surface effect sliding machine - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a ground surface effect sliding machine in which a delta wing is fixed above a main body, to cause the delta wing to generate lifting power and the main body to generate ground surface effect respectively, and which is compact in a width direction.SOLUTION: A ground surface effect sliding machine has: a keel; a delta wing of which a front end is fixed to the keel, and in which a flexible wing skin is stretched between two spurs on the left and right which retract at a prescribed angle; and a main body which supports the keel of the delta wing via a strut at a variable fitting angle, and is equipped with a propulsion unit. A bottom surface of the main body has: a first bottom surface which has a side shape warping forward of the main body, and at least a part of which is flat; a second bottom surface which is located in the rear of the first bottom surface and is located at a position higher than the first bottom surface, and at least a part of which is flat; and a step formed between the first bottom surface and the second bottom surface.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

The present invention relates to a glider that levitates the main body by using a triangular wing, forms an air layer between the bottom surface of the main body and the ground, and slides on water by the ground effect.

As a device that slides on the water by the ground effect, a structure in which a narrow space is provided between the wing and the sea surface and the ground effect is generated in this portion has been studied and disclosed in the following patent documents (Patent). Document 1, Patent Document 2).

On the other hand, there is also a conventional technique for constructing a flightable flying boat that can take off from the water surface and land on the water surface by attaching wings to the hull that floats on the water surface. In particular, the wings attached to the hull A flight boat in which a so-called Rogallo wing with a wing skin is attached to a skeleton assembled in a triangular shape is also disclosed in the patent document of the evil spirit (Patent Documents 3 and 4).

JP 2007-190954 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2008-137506 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2-30997 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 4-56600

However, as in Patent Documents 1 and 2, in a glider that utilizes a normal ground effect, the wings themselves lift the hull while the wings themselves generate the ground effect, so that the wings and the propulsion device are arranged. The structure was complicated. In addition, since the water surface effect is to be obtained by the wings protruding outside the hull, the width is widened, and it is not suitable for use in a crowded area such as a harbor or a marina.

On the other hand, although there were flying boats having wings attached above the hull as in Patent Documents 3 and 4, they did not have a structure for exerting a ground effect between the hull and the water surface.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a compact ground glider having a simple structure, in which triangular wings are mounted on top of the main body to generate a ground effect between the main body and the water surface.

The ground effect glider of the present invention has a triangular shape formed by extending a flexible wing skin between a keel and two spurs on the left and right that retract at a predetermined angle with the front end fixed to the keel. A ground-effect glider having wings and a main body that mounts the delta wing keel via struts, supports the angle variably, and is equipped with a propulsion device.
The bottom surface of the main body has a side surface shape that warps forward of the main body, and is arranged at least partially flat first bottom surface, behind the first bottom surface, and higher than the first bottom surface. It is characterized by having a second bottom surface that is at least partially flat and a step formed between the first bottom surface and the second bottom surface.

According to the ground effect glide machine of the present invention, since the triangular wings are fixed above the main body, the width of the glide machine is reduced, and a glide device having a compact shape can be constructed. In addition, the main body is lifted to a predetermined height by the triangular wings, and the air is guided by the first bottom surface in front of the step, compressed to exceed the step, and the main body is raised above the water surface by the air reaching the second bottom surface behind the step. By supporting with, a ground effect can be generated between the main body and the water surface.

It is explanatory drawing of the ground effect glider in embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the state which spread the triangular wing of the ground effect gliding machine in embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the state which the triangular wing is deflated of the ground effect glider according to embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the variation of the bottom surface of the main body in another embodiment of this invention.

(Structure of ground effect glider)
The structure of the ground effect glider according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 1A is a perspective view of the ground effect glider A looking down from above, and FIG. 1B is a perspective view of the ground effect gliding machine A looking up from below.

As shown in these figures, the ground effect glider A is composed of a triangular wing 1 and a main body 2 of the ground effect glider A that fixes the triangular wing 1 upward.

The triangular wing 1 connects the keel 11 and the left and right spar 12 extending diagonally rearward by a universal joint 13 whose connection angle can be changed at least in the width direction. Then, movable beams 14 and 14 are attached to connect the keel 11 and the left and right spar 12 and 12, respectively.

One end of the movable beams 14 and 14 is attached to a sleeve-shaped movable joint 15 that can move along the keel 11, and the other end is similarly attached using universal joints 17 and 17 so that the attachment angle changes. It is fixed to spar 12 and 12. Then, for example, a triangular wing skin 18 molded from a Tauron material or a Mylar material is hung on the keel 11, the left and right spar 12, 12 to form a triangular so-called Rogallo wing.

When the movable joint 15 is moved along the keel 11, the inclination angles of the movable beams 14 and 14 change, and as a result, the angles of the keel 11 and the left and right spar 12 and 12 change, and the wing skin 18 becomes tense. Alternatively, the area of the plane shape of the triangular blade 1 can be loosened and changed. The movable joint 15 and the keel 11 are fixed by screws and screw holes (not shown). The movement of the movable joints 15 of the movable beams 14 and 14 can be used not only for adjusting the deployment angle of the triangular wing 1 but also for folding the triangular wing 1 and storing it compactly.

The main body 2 of the ground effect glider A has a hull 2a whose width direction is flat, and a cabin 2b which is open on the upper surface of the hull 2a and can carry a driver and passengers or luggage.

The bottom surface 21a of the hull 2a has a step 21A which is a step in the middle, and the second bottom surface 21C behind step 21A when viewed from the side surface of the main body 2 rises above the first bottom surface 21A in front of step 21A. Therefore, when sliding, the distance to the water surface is larger than that of the first bottom surface 21B. Step 21A of the present embodiment rises substantially perpendicular to the water surface, and the rising surface 21Ax is set to a height capable of sufficiently holding the air flowing into the second bottom surface 21C.

The shape of the first bottom surface 21B is warped toward the front when viewed from the side surface of the main body 2, but the warping angle is uniform in the width direction and has no undulations, and has a flat shape as a whole. Similarly, the second bottom surface 21C behind step 21A has a flat shape without undulations in the left-right direction, and the second bottom surface 21C in the present embodiment is behind the hull 2a when viewed from the side surface of the main body 2. It has a shape that gently rises toward it.

In the main body 2, the triangular wing 1 is fixed above the triangular wing 1 mainly by a V-shaped main strut 23. A pillow joint (universal joint) 23a is attached to the upper end of the main support column 23, and by attaching the pillow joint (universal joint) 23a to the keel 11 of the triangular wing 1 via this joint, the keel 11 is freely pivotally supported at a predetermined angle. A pedestal 24 having a U-shaped upper end is provided behind the main body 2, which serves as a pedestal when the triangular wing 1 is lowered by its own weight, and when the rear end of the keel 11 moves. Since the upper end of the pedestal 24 regulates this when the movement exceeds a certain width, it is possible to prevent the triangular wing 1 from swinging excessively with respect to the main body 2. By changing the fixing positions of the main support columns 23 to the main body, the V-shaped opening angle of the main column 23 is changed to adjust the initial value of the inclination angle of the keel 11. be able to.

Left and right side columns 25 and 25 are arranged between the delta wing 1 and the main body 2, and the lower end of each is fixed to the main body 2 and the upper end is fixed to the universal joint 17 of the spar 12, so that the delta wing 1 is keeled. It is fixed around 11 so that it does not roll with respect to the main body 2.

Further, the side surface of the main body 2 has main beaching gears 26 and 26 that can be flipped up, and an auxiliary beaching gear 27 is fixed to the lower part of the vertical stabilizer 5 described later, enabling shooting on the ground.

Further, a propeller propeller 3 which is a propulsion device is attached to the main body 2 at a position behind the triangular wing 1. The propeller propeller 3 is entirely configured by attaching an electric motor engine 3b to the upper end of a columnar mount 3a and attaching a traction type propeller 3c to the front so as not to interfere with the wing skin 18.

A horizontal stabilizer 4 which is a horizontal stabilizer is attached to the propeller propeller 3 support column 3a via a hinge 4a, and similarly, a vertical stabilizer which is a direction control plate via a hinge 5a is attached to the support column 3a. 5 is attached. The angles of the horizontal stabilizer 4 and the vertical stabilizer 5 can be adjusted by a control device (not shown), and the ground effect glider A can be controlled by these.
(Ground effect glider operation)

Next, the operation of the ground effect glider A of the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3. 2 (a) and 3 (a) are side views of the ground effect glider A, and FIGS. 2 (b) and 3 (b) are plan views of the ground effect glider A.

As shown in FIG. 2A, when the movable joint 15 is positioned at the rearmost position of the movable range along the keel 11, the left and right movable beams 14 and 14 connected to the movable joint 15 have spar 12 and 12 in the width direction, respectively. spread. Then, as shown in FIG. 2 (b), the space between the spar 12 and 12 and the keel 11 is widened, the wing skin 18 stretched between them is opened, and the angle of the tip of the triangular wing 1 is increased. , Can maintain the wing shape that spreads to the left and right.

When the propeller propeller 3 is driven, the main body 2 starts to slide in the water, and when a predetermined speed is obtained, the wing skin 18 of the triangular wing 1 swells in response to the wind to generate lift. Then, when the main body 2 pulled up by the triangular wing 1 rises from the water surface by a predetermined height, a first space X1 is generated between the first bottom surface 21B of the bottom surface 21 and the water surface, and the second bottom surface 21C of the bottom surface 21 and the water surface. A second space X2 is generated between and.

Since the first bottom surface 21B in front of step 21A is warped toward the front, air flows into the first space X1 as the main body 2 moves, lifts the front, and the main body 2 tilts backward. Then, the air flowing into the first space X1 which is wedge-shaped on the side surface is compressed immediately before step 21A, and this compressed air gets over step 21A and is the second under the second bottom surface 21C. Reach space X2. Then, the air compressed in the first space X1 flows into the second space X2, and a high-density air layer is formed in this portion to support the main body 2 on the water surface.

At this time, the air that has moved to the second space X2 does not return to the first space X1 in front of the main body 2 because the step rising surface 21Ax in step 21A becomes a wall, and the compressed air is always discharged to the rear of the main body 2. Moreover, as the main body 2 continues to move, the air compressed in the first space X1 continues to flow below the second bottom surface 21C. Therefore, in the second space X2, the ground effect in which the air layer supports the main body 2 is continuously generated, and the propulsive force is also generated, so that the main body 2 can be moved with low friction and high speed with respect to the water surface.

Since the second bottom surface 21C of the present embodiment rises rearward at a predetermined angle, the second bottom surface 21C and the water surface become substantially horizontal with the inclination of the main body 2, and stable compressed air is provided throughout the second space X2. Layers can be formed to continue to generate the ground effect more stably and sustainably.

The mounting position and angle of the delta wing 1 to the main body 2 are the positions of the center of gravity when the delta wing 1 is maximally expanded by the movable joint 15 when a single operator is on board near step 21A (FIG. 2). Is adjusted so as to be immediately before step 2C on the side surface of the main body 1.

Therefore, even if the main body 2 receives waves or the triangular wing 1 receives wind and the main body 2 pitches a little, the center of gravity is always above step 21A, so that the air is always stabilized in the spaces X1 and X2. It is easy to compress and the ground effect can be obtained stably.

On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 3A, the ground effect glider A can carry other passengers and luggage in addition to the operator. In this case, in order to reduce the change in the center of gravity, the structure shall be such that the aircraft is boarded or stored beside the operator. In this case, even if the center of gravity moves, the fixed position of the movable joint 15 can be moved forward to cope with the movement of the center of gravity.

That is, as shown in FIG. 3B, the triangular wing 2 is deflated by advancing the movable joint 15 and moving the movable beams 14 and 14 to bring the spar 12 and 12 closer to the keel 11. At this time, the wing skins 18 and 18 hung between the spar 12 and 12 and the keel 11 are bent more and the rear part of the triangular wing 1 is lifted. Then, the rear portion of the main body 2 can be pulled up to secure the compressed air layer X in the vicinity of step 21A, which is optimal for obtaining the ground effect.

At this time, in addition to adjusting the position of the movable joint 15, it is also possible to change the posture of the main body 2 by manipulating the inclination of the horizontal stabilizer 4 independently.

As described above, according to the ground effect glider A of the present embodiment, the optimum ground effect can be obtained by having the step 21A on the bottom surface of the main body 2, and the main body 2 depends on the passenger and the load. Even if the inclination of the movable joint 15 changes, the inclination can be corrected by adjusting the position of the movable joint 15.

Further, the ground effect glider A of the present embodiment can fly by further increasing the output of the propeller propulsion device 3, and can also be used as an airplane. In this case, when landing, when descending near the water surface, it can slide using the ground effect, drop to a speed below a predetermined speed, and then land on the water surface. The load due to water pressure can be reduced.
(Other variations)

4 (a) to 4 (c) show other shape variations that can be selected for the bottom surface of the present invention. Each variation has step 21A having a rising surface 21Ax of a predetermined height. In the embodiment of FIG. 4A, first edges 21a and 21a are provided at both front ends of the first bottom surface 21B, and when the main body 2 advances, air is more reliably introduced under the first bottom surface 21B. ..

Further, in the embodiment of FIG. 4B, the compressed air of the second bottom surface 21C is discharged by providing the second edges 21b and 21b on both sides of the second bottom surface 21C in addition to the first edges 21a and 21a. The structure is such that the direction can be guided backward more efficiently and the propulsive force can be surely obtained. The second edges 21b and 21b may be formed independently of the first edges 21a and 21a.

Further, in the embodiment of FIG. 4C, a plurality of parallel ridges 21c having a predetermined height are provided on the second bottom surface 21C within a range that does not affect the air compression performance due to flatness. As with the second edges 21b and 21b, the compressed air discharge direction under the second bottom surface 21C is guided backward. The ridge 21c may instead form a groove of a predetermined depth, and the ridge 21c or the groove may have a predetermined height as long as the flatness does not affect the air compression performance. / It can also be provided on the first bottom surface 21B at a depth.

Although the embodiment of the ground effect glider of the present invention has been described above with reference to the drawings, the specific configuration is not limited to these, and for example, the shape of the step is linear in the width direction of the main body. However, it is not limited to this as long as the height and area of the rising surface 21Ax on the second bottom surface side are sufficient. Further, the propulsion device may be a reciprocating engine or a combustion engine such as a jet engine.

Further, the movable structure of the movable joint may be a structure in which an elastic claw is formed on the movable joint side and selectively engages with a plurality of notches formed on the keel side. Further, a ball screw structure can be obtained by cutting a screw that meshes with each other on the outer circumference of the keel and the inner surface of the movable joint to make the keel rotatable.

Further, the connecting structure between the triangular wing and the main body by the strut or the side strut is not limited to this, and if the strut structure has sufficient strength, this may be performed with a smaller number of struts.

A Ground effect glider X Compressed air layer 1 Delta wing
11 keel
12 spar
18 Wing skin 2 (sliding machine) body
21 Bottom
22A step (step)
21B 1st bottom
21C second bottom
23 Main prop (post)
24 Support pedestal 3 Propeller propeller (propulsion device)
4 Horizontal stabilizer 5 Vertical stabilizer (vertical control plate)

Claims (7)

A delta wing formed by extending a flexible wing skin between a keel and two spurs on the left and right that have a front end fixed to the keel and recede at a predetermined angle, and the support via a strut. A ground-effect glider with a delta wing keel, a body that supports a variable mounting angle and is equipped with a propulsion device.
The bottom surface of the main body has a side surface shape that warps forward of the main body, and is arranged at least a partly flat first bottom surface, behind the first bottom surface, and at a position higher than the first bottom surface. , A ground effect glider characterized by having a second bottom surface that is at least partially flat and a step formed between the first bottom surface and the second bottom surface. The ground effect glider according to claim 1.
The second bottom surface is a ground effect glider characterized by having a side surface shape that rises toward the rear of the main body. The ground effect glider according to claim 1 or 2.
A ground effect glider characterized in that the center of gravity of the ground effect glider is placed in front of a step in the front-rear direction of the side surface. The ground effect glider according to any one of claims 1 to 3.
The front end of each spar is pivotally supported at a variable angle with respect to the keel, and a movable beam that adjusts the tension state of the triangular wing that spans the middle part of the keel and a part of each spar is provided. A ground effect glider, characterized in that the fixed position of the movable beam on the keel is movable in the front-rear direction. The ground effect glider according to any one of claims 1 to 4.
The propulsion device is a ground effect glider characterized by being a propeller. The ground effect glider according to any one of claims 1 to 5.
A ground effect glider characterized by having a direction control plate for controlling the sliding direction of the main body at the rear portion of the main body. The ground effect glider according to any one of claims 1 to 6.
A ground effect glider characterized in that a horizontal stabilizer for controlling an inclined posture in the front-rear direction of the main body is arranged at the rear portion of the main body.