JP2020150442A - Gateway unit - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a communication apparatus capable of preferably suppressing a communication delay in an on-vehicle network system having a plurality of buses.SOLUTION: A gateway unit is connected to an out-of-vehicle communication bus which can connect an external device, and a plurality of in-vehicle communication buses, and included in an on-vehicle network system. The gateway unit comprises: a communication part that performs an input and output of each bus and a frame, a storage part, and a control part. The control part controls the storage part that stores an identifier as an identifier of the frame of a monitor object when the frame containing the identifier of the frame of the monitor object from the out-of-vehicle communication bus is input to the communication part, and controls the communication part so that the frame having the identifier of the frame of the monitor object stored by the storage part from the frame input from the plurality of in-vehicle communication buses is output to the out-of-vehicle bus when the frame containing a start request of a monitor mode is input from the out-of-vehicle communication bus is input to the communication part.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

The present invention relates to a gateway device included in a network system mounted on a vehicle or the like.

The vehicle is equipped with a network system in which a plurality of in-vehicle devices called ECUs (Electronic Control Units) are connected to each other via a bus. Each in-vehicle device sends and receives messages to each other via a bus in units called frames, acquires information from sensors provided in the vehicle, and controls sensors and actuators provided in the vehicle to control each function of the vehicle. Is shared and executed. The network system includes a plurality of buses, and may also include a relay device called a gateway that relays frames between the plurality of buses. That is, the gateway has a function of transmitting a frame received from one bus to another bus and relaying the frame between the buses.

Regarding the network system including such a gateway device, various improvements for diagnostic processing by an external device or the like and relay processing of the gateway device have been proposed.

In Patent Document 1, when the gateway device receives a message from a line other than the monitor target line and relays it to the monitor target line, the message is stored in a buffer when the transmission is completed, and the message is received from the monitor target line. In some cases, by storing the message in the buffer at the time of reception, it is disclosed that the message is stored in the buffer according to the communication order of the message in the line to be monitored so that the communication order can be accurately monitored.

In Patent Document 2, when the gateway device receives the connection confirmation request signal from the external device, the response request signal is output to each in-vehicle device, and when each in-vehicle device receives the response request signal, the response signal is output to the gateway device. When the gateway device receives the response signal, it outputs a signal based on the response signal to an external device, so that even if there are differences in the device configuration and bus configuration for each vehicle, they are shared without depending on them. It discloses that the connection diagnosis can be easily performed by the procedure.

In Patent Document 3, when the gateway device receives a relay request frame from an external device or an in-vehicle device, the physical address of the relay destination is obtained from the routing table based on the logical address of the in-vehicle device of the relay destination set in the frame. It is disclosed that it is specified and relayed based on the specified physical address. Further, in Patent Document 3, when the gateway device cannot specify the physical address in this way, it broadcasts a frame instructing the relay destination to transmit the physical address and the like, and receives the physical address and the like from the relay destination. , It is disclosed that this is registered in the routing table and relayed to the in-vehicle device of the relay destination. As a result, if the external device or the in-vehicle device knows the logical address, communication is possible even if the in-vehicle device is added or replaced.

In Patent Document 4, the gateway device calculates the time during which the transmission process can be executed based on the actual processing time required for receiving and storing the communication frame, and that time is used for the reception process among the time for the relay process. It discloses that even a pre-allocated time can be diverted to a transmission process.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2017-163252 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2010-2066697 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2014-154920 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2006-319759

In a network system including a gateway device to which a plurality of in-vehicle communication buses are connected, when an external device connects to the gateway device via the out-of-vehicle communication bus to diagnose the network system, conventionally, a monitor is generally used. The target was specified for each in-vehicle communication bus, and the gateway device output the frame input from the specified in-vehicle communication bus to the out-of-vehicle communication bus.

If two or more in-vehicle communication buses to be monitored are specified, the communication volume of the out-of-vehicle communication bus increases and the load increases, and the gateway device cannot output the frame to the out-of-vehicle communication bus. Therefore, there is a possibility that the diagnosis by an external device may be hindered. As described above, conventionally, it is difficult to provide a frame flowing through two or more buses to an external device at the same time, and the efficiency of diagnosis is limited.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a gateway device provided in an in-vehicle network system including a plurality of buses and capable of improving the efficiency of diagnosis by an external device.

In order to solve the above problems, one aspect of the present invention is an in-vehicle network including an out-of-vehicle communication bus to which an external device can be connected and a plurality of in-vehicle communication buses to which one or more in-vehicle devices are connected. A gateway device included in the system and connected to an out-of-vehicle communication bus and multiple in-vehicle communication buses, and a communication unit that inputs and outputs the out-of-vehicle communication bus and multiple in-vehicle communication buses and frames, and a monitoring target. A storage unit that can store the identifier of the frame and a control unit that controls the communication unit and the storage unit are provided, and the control unit receives a frame input from any of a plurality of in-vehicle communication buses to the communication unit. The communication unit is controlled to output the frame to any of the other multiple in-vehicle communication buses according to the frame, and the communication unit is input with the frame including the identifier of the frame to be monitored from the out-of-vehicle communication bus. Then, the storage unit is controlled so that the identifier is stored as the identifier of the frame to be monitored, and when a frame including a monitor mode start request is input to the communication unit from the out-of-vehicle communication bus, a plurality of in-vehicle communication is used. Among the frames input from the bus, the gateway device controls the communication unit so that the frame having the identifier of the frame to be monitored, which is stored in the storage unit, is further output to the bus for communication outside the vehicle.

According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a gateway device provided in an in-vehicle network system including a plurality of buses and capable of improving the efficiency of diagnosis by an external device.

Configuration diagram of the network system according to the embodiment of the present invention A sequence diagram showing a process according to an embodiment of the present invention. The figure which shows the example of the frame ID table for a monitor which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. The figure which shows the example of the flow of the frame to be monitored which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. The figure which shows the example of the flow of the frame which is not the object of monitoring which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention.

(Embodiment)
In the gateway device according to the present invention, the monitoring target can be set for each frame ID. Therefore, any frame flowing through any of the plurality of buses can be transmitted to an external device as long as it is a monitor target. Further, if the number of frame IDs set as monitoring targets is limited to the required ones, the load on the bus for communication outside the vehicle can be suppressed. As a result, the frame to be monitored can be suitably transmitted to the external device, and the limitation of the content and efficiency of the diagnosis by the external device can be reduced. An embodiment of the present invention will be described below.

<Composition>
FIG. 1 shows a part of the configuration of the network system 1 according to the present embodiment. The network system 1 is mounted on a vehicle as an example. The network system 1 is connected to a plurality of in-vehicle communication buses 10, 20, 30, an out-of-vehicle communication bus 60, a gateway device 50 connected to these, and any one of the in-vehicle communication buses 10, 20, and 30, respectively. The vehicle-mounted devices 11, 12, 21, 22, 31, and 32 are included, and the connector 61 connected to the external communication bus 60 is included. The external device 100 can be connected to the external communication bus 60 from outside the vehicle via the connector 61.

The in-vehicle devices 11, 12, 21, 22, 31, and 32 send and receive messages to and from each other in units called frames via any of the in-vehicle communication buses 10, 20, and 30 to which they are connected, or the vehicle. It is possible to acquire information from the sensor provided in the vehicle, control the sensor and the actuator provided in the vehicle, and share and execute each function of the vehicle. The communication standard is not limited, but for example, the CAN (Controller Area Network) standard can be used. The frame includes not only the data body but also an ID (identifier) including information that identifies the type of data, the source of the frame, and the in-vehicle devices 11, 12, 21, 22, 31, and 32 of the transmission destination. The in-vehicle devices 11, 12, 21, 22, 31, and 32 are destined for the own device by referring to the ID included in the frame flowing through the bus to which the own device is connected among the in-vehicle communication buses 10, 20, and 30. If can be identified, the frame is received as a message addressed to the own device.

The gateway device 50 relays a frame between the in-vehicle communication buses 10, 20, 30 and the out-of-vehicle communication bus 60. The gateway device 50 includes a communication unit 51, a storage unit 52, and a control unit 53 that controls them. The communication unit 51 can receive frame input from the in-vehicle communication buses 10, 20, 30 and the out-of-vehicle communication bus 60, and output frames to these buses, according to the control by the control unit 53. The communication unit 51 has a function of relaying a frame input from any of these buses to another bus, particularly under the control of the control unit 53. For such a relay function, the control unit 53 determines the necessity of relaying the frame and the output destination bus in the case of relaying, based on the ID of the frame input to the communication unit 51, for example, as routing information. Can be identified by referring to. The storage unit 52 stores such routing information and the like, and the control unit 53 can refer to or update this information. Further, as will be described later, the storage unit 52 can store the ID of the frame to be output to the external communication bus 60 as the frame to be monitored.

The control unit 53 performs various processes such as generation of a new frame based on the data body included in the frame input to the communication unit 51 from the in-vehicle communication buses 10, 20, 30 and the out-of-vehicle communication bus 60. Alternatively, the communication unit 51 can be controlled to output the generated frame to any of these buses. As a result, the control unit 53 can transmit and receive a frame with the external device 100 and perform processing based on the content of the frame, which will be described later.

The external device 100 appropriately receives frames flowing through the in-vehicle communication buses 10, 20, and 30 from the gateway device 50 via the external communication bus 60, and appropriately receives the communication function of the network system 1 and the communication function of the network system 1. It has a function of diagnosing based on the acquired frame of the operating states of the in-vehicle devices 11, 12, 21, 22, 31, and 32.

The configuration of the network system 1 is not limited to the one shown in the figure, and the number of in-vehicle communication buses and in-vehicle devices and the connection topology are not limited.

<Processing>
The processing when the external device 100 is connected to the external communication bus 60 according to the present embodiment will be described below. FIG. 2 shows a sequence diagram showing an example of this process. The external device 100 is connected to the external communication bus 60 via the connector 61, for example, when the vehicle is in the power-on state and the network system 1 is operating.

(Step S100): The control unit 53 of the gateway device 50 controls the communication unit 51 and outputs a frame including the model information of the gateway device 50 to the external communication bus 60 to transmit the frame to the external device 100. The model information is information indicating the model, version, and the like of the gateway device 50. This frame is, for example, a frame periodically transmitted from the gateway device 50.

(Step S101): In the external device 100, based on the model information included in the received frame, the gateway device 50 communicates outside the vehicle with a frame having an arbitrary ID as a monitor target frame according to the designation from the external device 100. It is specified whether or not the model has a function of outputting to the bus 60. When the gateway device 50 does not have this function, the gateway device 50 can transmit only a frame having a predetermined initial setting ID to the external device 100. The gateway device 50 according to the present embodiment may or may not have such a function. Instead of steps S100 and S101, the external device 100 transmits a frame requesting model information to the gateway device 50, and the gateway device 50 responds to this by transmitting a frame including the model information to the external device 100. You may send it.

(Step S102): Frames are transmitted and received between the external device 100 and the gateway device 50, and the control unit 53 performs a process of authenticating the external device 100. The authentication process can be executed based on, for example, the transmission and reception of a series of authentication frames by the challenge & response method. If authentication fails, the process ends. By this authentication, it is possible to suppress the possibility that the frame is illegally acquired, analyzed and misused by an unauthorized external device.

(Step S103): When the external device 100 specifies that the gateway device 50 can specify the frame ID and has the function of transmitting the frame with the specified ID to the external device 100 in step S101. , Steps S103 to S107 are executed. In this step, the external device 100 transmits an identifier designation frame, which is a frame including information representing the ID of the frame to be monitored, to the gateway device 50 to specify the ID of the frame to be monitored. The ID of the frame to be monitored may be set by the user using the user interface of the external device 100 when the external device 100 is used, or may be set in the external device 100 in advance. If the ID of the frame to be monitored is the same as the predetermined ID of the initial setting of the gateway device 50, the processes of steps S103 to S107 are omitted.

(Step S104): The control unit 53 of the gateway device 50 determines whether or not the designated ID can be accepted. For example, when the designated ID is a value within the specified range or the number of the designated ID is less than the allowable range, the control unit 53 determines that the designated ID can be accepted, and steps S105 and Execute S106. Further, the control unit 53 determines that the designated ID cannot be accepted when the designated ID is an unspecified value or the number of the designated ID is larger than the permissible range, and step S107 is executed. Will be done.

(Step S105): When it is determined in step S104 that acceptance is possible, the control unit 53 of the gateway device 50 changes the contents of the monitor frame ID table stored in the storage unit 52 to obtain the specified ID. It is stored in the storage unit 52. FIG. 3 shows an example of a monitor frame ID table. The monitor frame ID table is a list of IDs of frames that the gateway device 50 outputs to the out-of-vehicle communication bus 60 among the frames flowing through the in-vehicle communication buses 10, 20, and 30. That is, the frame of the ID listed in the monitor frame ID table is the target of monitoring by the external device 100. An example of the default (standard) monitor frame ID table is shown on the left side of FIG. 3, and an example of the changed monitor frame ID table is shown on the right side of FIG. As shown on the left side of FIG. 3, in the initial setting, as an example, frames having IDs “001”, “005”, and “006” are monitored. In step S103, the external device 100 transmits, for example, an identifier designation frame for designating "002", "003", and "005" as IDs, and in step S104, the control unit 53 determines that these IDs can be accepted. In this step, the control unit 53 controls the storage unit 52 to change the monitor frame ID table so that these IDs are listed, as shown on the right side of FIG. The format of the ID and the format in which the storage unit 52 stores the ID of the frame are not limited to those described above, and the number of storable IDs (allowable range) is also not limited.

(Step S106): The control unit 53 of the gateway device 50 controls the communication unit 51 to receive a frame indicating an acceptable response indicating that the ID designated from the external device 100 is received and listed in the monitor frame ID table. It is transmitted to the external device 100 by outputting it to the external communication bus 60.

(Step S107): The control unit 53 of the gateway device 50 receives a frame indicating an unacceptable response indicating that the ID specified from the external device 100 has not been received and has not been listed in the monitor frame ID table. Is controlled and output to the external communication bus 60 to be transmitted to the external device 100.

(Step S108): The external device 100 transmits to the gateway device 50 a frame representing a monitor mode start request requesting the start of the mode for monitoring the frame to be monitored.

(Step S109): The control unit 53 of the gateway device 50 includes a frame ID input from the in-vehicle communication buses 10, 20, and 30 to the communication unit 51, and a monitor frame ID table stored in the storage unit 52. Of the frames input from the in-vehicle communication buses 10, 20, and 30 to the communication unit 51, those having an ID included in the monitor frame ID table are controlled by the communication unit 51 to control the out-of-vehicle communication bus. By outputting to 60, it is output to the bus 60 for communication outside the vehicle. The control unit 53 stores a frame input to the communication unit 51 from any of the in-vehicle communication buses 10, 20, and 30 as an ID or the like included in the frame as a normal relay function as the gateway device 50. Based on the above-mentioned routing information or the like stored in the unit 52, the communication unit 51 is controlled so as to output from any of the other buses.

FIG. 4 shows an example of the flow of frames having IDs included in the monitor frame ID table with arrows. In FIG. 4, as an example, it is assumed that the frame of ID "005" included in the monitor frame ID table is output from the in-vehicle device 11 to the in-vehicle device 31. This frame is input from the in-vehicle communication bus 10 to the communication unit 51 of the gateway device 50. The control unit 53 refers to the routing information stored in the storage unit 52, identifies that the relay destination bus of this frame is the in-vehicle communication bus 30, and outputs this frame to the in-vehicle communication bus 20. The communication unit 51 is controlled so as to do so. The frame output to the in-vehicle communication bus 30 is received by the in-vehicle device 31.

Further, the control unit 53 refers to the monitor ID table stored in the storage unit 52, identifies that this frame is the monitor target, and outputs this frame to the external communication bus 60. 51 is controlled. The frame output to the external communication bus 60 is received by the external device 100.

FIG. 5 shows an example of the flow of frames having IDs not included in the monitor frame ID table with arrows. In FIG. 5, as an example, it is assumed that a frame with ID “004” not included in the monitor frame ID table is output from the in-vehicle device 12 to the in-vehicle device 32. This frame is input from the in-vehicle communication bus 10 to the communication unit 51 of the gateway device 50. The control unit 53 refers to the routing information stored in the storage unit 52, identifies that the relay destination bus of this frame is the in-vehicle communication bus 20, and outputs this frame to the in-vehicle communication bus 30. The communication unit 51 is controlled so as to do so. The frame output to the in-vehicle communication bus 30 is received by the in-vehicle device 32.

Further, the control unit 53 refers to the monitor ID table stored in the storage unit 52, identifies that this frame is not the monitor target, and does not control to output this frame to the external communication bus 60.

The process of this step is repeatedly executed every time a frame is input to the communication unit 51 from the in-vehicle communication buses 10, 20, and 30 until the next step S110 or S111 is executed. Further, during this period, the external device 100 can perform various diagnoses based on the frame to be monitored while receiving the frame to be monitored.

(Step S110): When the external device 100 no longer needs to receive the monitor target frame due to the completion of the diagnosis or the like, the external device 100 sets a frame representing the monitor mode end request, which is a request to end the monitor mode, as a gateway device. Send to 50. Instead of this step, the following steps S111 and S112 may be executed.

(Step S111): The control unit 53 of the gateway device 50 is a predetermined monitor when the vehicle transitions from the power-on state to the power-off state and it is necessary to stop a part or all of the functions of the network system 1. Detects that the mode end condition is satisfied.

(Step S112): The control unit 53 of the gateway device 50 transmits a frame indicating that the monitor mode is terminated to the external device 100 by controlling the communication unit 51 and outputting the frame to the external communication bus 60. The external device 100 ends the diagnostic process.

(Step S113): When the content of the monitor frame ID table stored in the storage unit 52 is changed in step S105, the control unit 53 of the gateway device 50 returns the content to the initial setting. With the above, the process is completed.

<Effect>
In the gateway device 50 according to the present invention, since the monitor target can be set for each frame ID, the external device 100 has the ID of the frame to be monitored regardless of the frame flowing through any of the plurality of buses. Can be sent to. Further, since the number of frame IDs set as monitoring targets can be limited to those required, the load on the external communication bus 60 can be suppressed. In this way, since the frame to be monitored can be suitably transmitted to the external device 100, the efficiency of diagnosis by the external device 100 can be improved. Examples of such effects include communication confirmation for a plurality of buses and parallel execution of failure analysis for a plurality of in-vehicle devices. Further, if the frame ID can be variably specified by the external device 100, the necessary frame can be selected and acquired according to the diagnosis content, so that the diagnosis content can be further expanded or changed. it can.

The external device 100 itself does not have to have a diagnostic function. In the above-described embodiment, the external device 100 transmits the monitored frame received from the gateway device 50 to the server of the predetermined center by wireless communication, and the server executes the diagnostic function instead of the external device 100. You may try to do it. In this case, for example, an external device 100 can be attached to each of the network systems 1 of many vehicles in the market, and the center can collect and analyze a large number of frames flowing through the network system 1 while traveling on a general public road. It can contribute to the creation of services.

The present invention includes not only a gateway device, but also a network system including a gateway device, a diagnostic system including a diagnostic device and a network system, a method executed by a computer included in each part of the diagnostic system, a program, and a computer readable that stores the program. It can be regarded as a vehicle equipped with a non-temporary storage medium and a network system. The present invention can be applied to network systems other than network systems mounted on vehicles.

The present invention is useful for network systems mounted on vehicles and the like.

1 Network system 10, 20, 30 In-vehicle communication bus 11, 12, 21, 22, 31, 32 In-vehicle device 50 Gateway device 51 Communication unit 52 Storage unit 53 Control unit 60 External communication bus 61 Connector 100 External device

Claims (1)

The external communication bus and the plurality of in-vehicle buses included in the in-vehicle network system including an external communication bus to which an external device can be connected and a plurality of in-vehicle communication buses to which one or more in-vehicle devices are connected. A gateway device connected to a communication bus
A communication unit that inputs / outputs a frame to the outside-vehicle communication bus and the plurality of in-vehicle communication buses.
A storage unit that can store the identifier of the frame to be monitored, and
A control unit that controls the communication unit and the storage unit is provided.
The control unit
When a frame is input to the communication unit from any of the plurality of in-vehicle communication buses, the communication unit outputs the frame to the other of the plurality of in-vehicle communication buses according to the frame. Control and
When a frame including an identifier of the frame to be monitored is input from the bus for communication outside the vehicle to the communication unit, the storage unit is controlled so as to store the identifier as an identifier of the frame to be monitored.
When a frame including a monitor mode start request is input from the out-of-vehicle communication bus to the communication unit, the storage unit stores the frames input from the plurality of in-vehicle communication buses. A gateway device that controls the communication unit so as to further output a frame having an identifier of the frame to be monitored to the out-of-vehicle communication bus.

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