JP2020148109A - Compressor and apparatus with compressor - Google Patents

Compressor and apparatus with compressor Download PDF

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JP2020148109A
JP2020148109A JP2019044382A JP2019044382A JP2020148109A JP 2020148109 A JP2020148109 A JP 2020148109A JP 2019044382 A JP2019044382 A JP 2019044382A JP 2019044382 A JP2019044382 A JP 2019044382A JP 2020148109 A JP2020148109 A JP 2020148109A
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rotor
compressor
magnetic
crankshaft
weight member
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Inventor
利明 小野
Toshiaki Ono
利明 小野
智大 長尾
Tomohiro Nagao
智大 長尾
啓愛 鈴木
Hiroyoshi Suzuki
啓愛 鈴木
考作 中村
Kosaku Nakamura
考作 中村
舜介 小島
Shunsuke Kojima
舜介 小島
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Hitachi Global Life Solutions Inc
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Hitachi Global Life Solutions Inc
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/16—Mechanical energy storage, e.g. flywheels or pressurised fluids

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Abstract

To provide a compressor that suppresses loss reduction due to increase in mass while increasing moment of inertia of a rotor.SOLUTION: A compressor includes: a compression mechanism for compressing fluid; a rotor mechanically connected to the compression mechanism and including a magnetic body; a support part for supporting the rotor in at least a vertical direction; and a weight member 11 provided in the rotor. The rotor is subjected to upward magnetic force.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

本発明は、圧縮機及び圧縮機を有する機器に関する。 The present invention relates to a compressor and a device having a compressor.

特許文献１は、回転子１１６の磁気中心１８４を固定子１１４の磁気中心１８２より上方にすることで回転子鉄心１１７に下向きの荷重を作用させ、回転子鉄心を支持するベアリングへの接触荷重を適正に維持する構成を開示している（００５０，００５６、図３）。 In Patent Document 1, a downward load is applied to the rotor core 117 by making the magnetic center 184 of the rotor 116 above the magnetic center 182 of the stator 114, and a contact load is applied to the bearing supporting the rotor core. It discloses a configuration that maintains it properly (0050, 0056, FIG. 3).

国際公開ＷＯ２０１３／１８７０４３号パンフレットInternational Publication WO2013 / 187043 Pamphlet

近年、冷蔵庫等の冷凍サイクル中に搭載される圧縮機分野においては、冷蔵庫の断熱性の向上等に伴い、冷気の必要量が減少してきている。このため、圧縮機モータを低速運転させて比較的少ない冷気を継続的に供給するように制御することが行われてきている。 In recent years, in the field of compressors mounted in a refrigerating cycle such as a refrigerator, the required amount of cold air has been decreasing with the improvement of the heat insulating property of the refrigerator. For this reason, it has been practiced to operate the compressor motor at a low speed to continuously supply a relatively small amount of cold air.

しかし、圧縮機は冷媒等の流体を圧縮及び吸入する過程を繰り返しており、圧縮過程において負荷が増大することから負荷脈動が存在する。慣性モーメントが大きい高速運転時には、そのような脈動の影響が比較的小さかったが、低速運転時にはその影響が目立つようになってきた。 However, the compressor repeats the process of compressing and sucking a fluid such as a refrigerant, and the load increases in the compression process, so that load pulsation exists. The effect of such pulsation was relatively small during high-speed operation with a large moment of inertia, but the effect has become noticeable during low-speed operation.

上記事情に鑑みてなされた本発明は、
流体を圧縮する圧縮機構と、
該圧縮機構に機械的に接続し、磁性体を含む回転子と、
該回転子を少なくとも上下方向に支持する支持部と、を有する圧縮機であって、
該回転子に設けられたウェイト部材と、を有し、
前記回転子は、上方への磁力を受けている。 The present invention made in view of the above circumstances
A compression mechanism that compresses the fluid,
A rotor that is mechanically connected to the compression mechanism and contains a magnetic material,
A compressor having a support portion that supports the rotor at least in the vertical direction.
It has a weight member provided on the rotor and
The rotor receives an upward magnetic force.

本発明の実施形態の密閉型圧縮機の断面図Sectional drawing of the closed type compressor of embodiment of this invention 実施形態のクランクシャフトと電動機の縦断面図Longitudinal section of the crankshaft and electric motor of the embodiment 実施形態の回転子とウェイト部材の斜視図Perspective view of the rotor and weight member of the embodiment 実施形態の回転子の分解斜視図An exploded perspective view of the rotor of the embodiment 実施形態の支持部近傍の縦断面図Longitudinal cross-sectional view near the support portion of the embodiment 実施形態の回転数と電動機効率を示したグラフGraph showing the rotation speed and the motor efficiency of the embodiment

以下、本発明の実施形態について添付の図面を参照しつつ詳細に説明する。
＜密閉型圧縮機１＞
図１は、実施形態の密閉型圧縮機１の断面図である。
密閉型圧縮機１は、シリンダボア２ａを有して圧縮室の一部を形成するシリンダ２、圧縮室内を往復動するピストン３、給油機構４、潤滑油５、回転子１０及び固定子２０を有する電動機、シリンダヘッド８、支持部の一例としてのベアリング機構９を有する。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
<Sealed compressor 1>
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the sealed compressor 1 of the embodiment.
The closed compressor 1 has a cylinder 2 having a cylinder bore 2a and forming a part of the compression chamber, a piston 3 reciprocating in the compression chamber, a refueling mechanism 4, a lubricating oil 5, a rotor 10 and a stator 20. It has an electric motor, a cylinder head 8, and a bearing mechanism 9 as an example of a support portion.

密閉型圧縮機１は、例えば冷凍サイクルに組み込まれて冷媒等の流体をシリンダ２とピストン３で周期的に圧縮する。ピストン３には、公知のコネクティングロッドを介して機械的にクランクシャフト３０に接続している。クランクシャフト３０には電動機が取り付けられており、回転子１０の回転に伴い回転する。 The closed compressor 1 is incorporated in a refrigeration cycle, for example, and periodically compresses a fluid such as a refrigerant by a cylinder 2 and a piston 3. The piston 3 is mechanically connected to the crankshaft 30 via a known connecting rod. An electric motor is attached to the crankshaft 30, and the crankshaft 30 rotates as the rotor 10 rotates.

固定子２０の巻線に電流が流されて磁束が発生すると回転子１０の永久磁石に作用し、電動機の回転子１０が回転する。給油機構４が潤滑油５を汲み上げるとともにピストン３を往復動させる。往復動に伴い圧縮室の圧力が変動すると、これに応じてシリンダヘッド８側に設けられたバルブが開閉して圧縮室内外の間で流体の交換を行う。 When a current is passed through the windings of the stator 20 to generate magnetic flux, it acts on the permanent magnets of the rotor 10 and rotates the rotor 10 of the electric motor. The refueling mechanism 4 pumps up the lubricating oil 5 and reciprocates the piston 3. When the pressure in the compression chamber fluctuates due to the reciprocating motion, the valve provided on the cylinder head 8 side opens and closes accordingly to exchange fluid between the inside and outside of the compression chamber.

支持部９は、クランクシャフト３０又はこれと機械的に接続している部材を支持する。ベアリング機構９としては、クランクシャフト３０を支持する場合には例えばスラストベアリングを採用でき、回転するクランクシャフト３０の軸方向（下方）を支持できる。 The support portion 9 supports the crankshaft 30 or a member mechanically connected to the crankshaft 30. As the bearing mechanism 9, for example, a thrust bearing can be adopted when supporting the crankshaft 30, and the axial direction (downward) of the rotating crankshaft 30 can be supported.

＜電動機＞
図２は、実施形態のクランクシャフト３０と電動機の縦断面図である。図３は、実施形態の回転子１０とウェイト部材１１の斜視図である。図４は実施形態の回転子１０の分解斜視図である。図５は実施形態の支持部９近傍の縦断面図である。 <Electric motor>
FIG. 2 is a vertical sectional view of the crankshaft 30 and the electric motor of the embodiment. FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the rotor 10 and the weight member 11 of the embodiment. FIG. 4 is an exploded perspective view of the rotor 10 of the embodiment. FIG. 5 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the vicinity of the support portion 9 of the embodiment.

回転子１０は、クランクシャフト３０が挿通する内径１０ａを下側に有している。クランクシャフト３０に焼き嵌めや圧入により固定されている。
回転子１０は、磁性体を含む電磁鋼板を積層して形成される回転子鉄心１２、回転子鉄心１２に内蔵された、例えばフェライトコアの永久磁石１３、回転子１０の下端に配され、ＳＵＳ３０４や真鍮などの非磁性体で形成されたサイドプレート１４、回転子１０の上端側に配され、ＳＵＳ３０４や真鍮などの非磁性体で形成されたウェイト部材１１及びバランサ１１１、を有している。ウェイト部材１１とバランサ１１１、回転子鉄心１２、サイドプレート１４は、例えばピン１５によりかしめるなどして互いに固定される。 The rotor 10 has an inner diameter 10a on the lower side through which the crankshaft 30 is inserted. It is fixed to the crankshaft 30 by shrink fitting or press fitting.
The rotor 10 is arranged at a rotor core 12 formed by laminating an electromagnetic steel plate containing a magnetic material, a permanent magnet 13 of a ferrite core built in the rotor core 12, for example, a permanent magnet 13 of a ferrite core, and a lower end of the rotor 10, and is SUS304. It has a side plate 14 made of a non-magnetic material such as brass or brass, a weight member 11 arranged on the upper end side of the rotor 10 and made of a non-magnetic material such as SUS304 or brass, and a balancer 111. The weight member 11, the balancer 111, the rotor core 12, and the side plate 14 are fixed to each other by, for example, caulking with a pin 15.

ウェイト部材１１は円環状をしており、回転子鉄心１２から上面視ではみ出さない範囲で大径に形成される。バランサ１１１は略円弧状をしており圧縮室の圧縮・吸込に伴う変動負荷に対するバランスを考慮して配される。 The weight member 11 has an annular shape and is formed to have a large diameter within a range that does not protrude from the rotor core 12 when viewed from above. The balancer 111 has a substantially arc shape and is arranged in consideration of the balance against the fluctuating load due to the compression / suction of the compression chamber.

回転子１０（電動機）は、８００ｍｉｎ−１程度の低速から、４３００ｍｉｎ−１程度の高速までの広い運転範囲で駆動される。 Rotor 10 (electric motor) from the low speed of about 800 min -1, is driven in a wide operating range to a high-speed of about 4300min -1.

ウェイト部材１１によって、回転子１０の質量が増加する。これにより回転子１０回転時の慣性モーメントが大きくなるから、圧縮機の圧縮吸引過程で生じる負荷変動等に起因する、特に低速時の電動機効率低下を抑制できる。また、低速時の負荷変動による騒音や振動悪化も、圧縮機自身が低重心化することで抑制することができる。 The weight member 11 increases the mass of the rotor 10. As a result, the moment of inertia at 10 rotations of the rotor becomes large, so that it is possible to suppress a decrease in motor efficiency, especially at low speeds, due to load fluctuations and the like that occur in the compression suction process of the compressor. In addition, noise and vibration deterioration due to load fluctuation at low speed can be suppressed by lowering the center of gravity of the compressor itself.

駆動する電動機の構成要素によって潤滑油５が撹拌されることを抑制すべく、ウェイト部材１１は、回転子１０上端に配置されることが望ましい。尤も、潤滑油５との距離を十分に確保できる場合は、回転子１０下端に取り付けることも可能である。 It is desirable that the weight member 11 is arranged at the upper end of the rotor 10 in order to prevent the lubricating oil 5 from being agitated by the components of the driving electric motor. However, if a sufficient distance from the lubricating oil 5 can be secured, it can be attached to the lower end of the rotor 10.

一方、回転子１０の質量が増加すると支持部９による摩擦、すなわち機械損失が増大する。慣性モーメントをウェイト部材１１で増大させつつ、質量増加による機械損失の増加は抑制すべく、本実施形態では支持部９が支持する構造、すなわちクランクシャフト３０に上方への磁力を付与する。支持部９は、上レース９１、下レース９２、下レース９２下方に配された鋼板等の金属部材のワッシャ９３を有する。 On the other hand, when the mass of the rotor 10 increases, the friction caused by the support portion 9, that is, the mechanical loss increases. In this embodiment, in order to suppress the increase in mechanical loss due to the increase in mass while increasing the moment of inertia by the weight member 11, the structure supported by the support portion 9, that is, the crankshaft 30 is subjected to an upward magnetic force. The support portion 9 has a washer 93 of a metal member such as a steel plate arranged below the upper race 91, the lower race 92, and the lower race 92.

磁性体を含む回転子鉄心１２は、軸方向（上下方向）について磁気中心１２１を有する。磁性体を含む固定子２０もまた、軸方向について磁気中心２０１を有する。磁気中心１２１は、磁気中心２０１より下方に位置しており、これにより回転子１０は上方への磁力を受けるので、支持部９が支持すべき重量を低減して機械損失を低減できる。 The rotor core 12 including the magnetic material has a magnetic center 121 in the axial direction (vertical direction). The stator 20 containing the magnetic material also has a magnetic center 201 in the axial direction. The magnetic center 121 is located below the magnetic center 201, whereby the rotor 10 receives an upward magnetic force, so that the weight to be supported by the support portion 9 can be reduced and the mechanical loss can be reduced.

具体的に、クランクシャフト３０に注目すると、下方向には回転子１０の質量とクランクシャフト３０質量に起因する重量Ｆ１が作用しているが、これにさらに、ウェイト部材１１質量に起因する重量Ｆ２が作用する。一方、上方には回転子１０と固定子２０の磁気中心のずれに起因する磁力Ｆ３が作用する。クランクシャフト３０が浮上するとクランクシャフト３０が不安定になる虞があるため、関係式Ｆ１＋Ｆ２＞Ｆ３を満たすようにする。 Specifically, paying attention to the crankshaft 30, the mass of the rotor 10 and the weight F1 due to the mass of the crankshaft 30 act in the downward direction, and further, the weight F2 due to the mass of the weight member 11 acts on this. Works. On the other hand, the magnetic force F3 caused by the displacement of the magnetic centers of the rotor 10 and the stator 20 acts on the upper side. If the crankshaft 30 floats, the crankshaft 30 may become unstable. Therefore, the relational expression F1 + F2> F3 is satisfied.

クランクシャフト３０は、コネクティングロッドやピストン３によって上下方向の変位を規制されやすいため、磁気中心のずれ量は略不変と考えられるから、磁力による浮上力を効果的に発生させるべく、両者の磁気中心は２ｍｍ以下、１ｍｍ以下、好ましくは０．５ｍｍ以下にできる。ずれ量が小さければ浮上力Ｆ３が大きくなるため好ましい。浮上力Ｆ３は、通常は、クランクシャフト３０や回転子１０の質量は圧縮機の製造者によって適正化されていると期待されるため、ウェイト部材１１の重量Ｆ２に略等しい大きさになるようにずれ量を設定することができる。 Since the displacement of the crankshaft 30 in the vertical direction is easily regulated by the connecting rod and the piston 3, the amount of displacement of the magnetic center is considered to be substantially invariant. Therefore, in order to effectively generate the levitation force due to the magnetic force, the magnetic centers of both are Can be 2 mm or less, 1 mm or less, preferably 0.5 mm or less. It is preferable that the amount of deviation is small because the levitation force F3 is large. Since the mass of the crankshaft 30 and the rotor 10 is usually expected to be optimized by the compressor manufacturer, the levitation force F3 should be approximately equal to the weight F2 of the weight member 11. The amount of deviation can be set.

図６は、実施形態及び比較例（ウェイト部材１１と磁気中心のずれなし）の回転数と電動機効率を示したグラフである。回転数が低速化になるにつれて、電動機効率が改善しており、それに基づき圧縮機効率も改善する。 FIG. 6 is a graph showing the rotation speed and the motor efficiency of the embodiment and the comparative example (no deviation between the weight member 11 and the magnetic center). As the number of revolutions decreases, the motor efficiency improves, and the compressor efficiency also improves accordingly.

＜取付法＞
ウェイト部材１１及び回転子１０は、それぞれ次のようにして取り付けることができる。
まず、回転子鉄心１２はピン１５を挿通孔に挿通し、かしめ固定されるが、ウェイト部材１１の厚みを考慮したピン１５に設定し、同様にかしめ固定する。回転子１０は、クランクシャフト３０外径に焼き嵌め、あるいは圧入により固定されている。 <Mounting method>
The weight member 11 and the rotor 10 can be attached as follows.
First, the rotor core 12 is crimped and fixed by inserting the pin 15 into the insertion hole, but the pin 15 is set in consideration of the thickness of the weight member 11 and crimped and fixed in the same manner. The rotor 10 is fixed to the outer diameter of the crankshaft 30 by shrink fitting or press fitting.

本実施形態の圧縮機は、冷蔵庫等種々の機器に搭載することができる。 The compressor of this embodiment can be mounted on various devices such as a refrigerator.

１ 密閉形圧縮機
２ シリンダ
２ａ シリンダボア
３ ピストン
４ 給油機構
５ 潤滑油
８ シリンダヘッド
９ 支持部（ベアリング機構）
１０ 回転子
１０ａ 内径
１１ ウェイト部材
１２ 回転子鉄心
１２１ 磁気中心
１３ 永久磁石
１４ サイドプレート
１５ ピン
２０ 固定子
２０１ 磁気中心
３０ クランクシャフト 1 Sealed compressor 2 Cylinder 2a Cylinder bore 3 Piston 4 Lubricant mechanism 5 Lubricant 8 Cylinder head 9 Support (bearing mechanism)
10 Rotor 10a Inner diameter 11 Weight member 12 Rotor Iron core 121 Magnetic center 13 Permanent magnet 14 Side plate 15 Pin 20 Stator 201 Magnetic center 30 Crankshaft

Claims (4)

流体を圧縮する圧縮機構と、
該圧縮機構に機械的に接続し、磁性体を含む回転子と、
該回転子を少なくとも上下方向に支持する支持部と、を有する圧縮機であって、
該回転子に設けられたウェイト部材と、を有し、
前記回転子は、上方への磁力を受けている圧縮機。 A compression mechanism that compresses the fluid,
A rotor that is mechanically connected to the compression mechanism and contains a magnetic material,
A compressor having a support portion that supports the rotor at least in the vertical direction.
It has a weight member provided on the rotor and
The rotor is a compressor that receives an upward magnetic force. 前記磁力は、前記回転子の磁性体による磁気中心が前記固定子の磁性体による磁気中心より下方にあることで生じ、前記回転子の磁気中心と前記固定子の磁気中心との軸方向の離間は、２ｍｍ以下である請求項１に記載の圧縮機。 The magnetic force is generated when the magnetic center of the rotor is located below the magnetic center of the stator, and the magnetic center of the rotor and the magnetic center of the stator are separated in the axial direction. Is the compressor according to claim 1, which is 2 mm or less. 前記磁力の大きさは、前記ウェイト部材による重量に略等しい請求項１又は２に記載の圧縮機。 The compressor according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the magnitude of the magnetic force is substantially equal to the weight of the weight member. 請求項１乃至３何れか一項に記載の圧縮機を備える機器。 A device including the compressor according to any one of claims 1 to 3.
JP2019044382A 2019-03-12 2019-03-12 Compressor and apparatus with compressor Pending JP2020148109A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20220092067A (en) * 2020-12-24 2022-07-01 엘지전자 주식회사 Electric motor and hermetic compressor having the same

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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JP2010242565A (en) * 2009-04-03 2010-10-28 Hitachi Appliances Inc Hermetic compressor and refrigerator having the same
WO2013099237A1 (en) * 2011-12-26 2013-07-04 パナソニック株式会社 Hermetic compressor and refrigerator with same
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JP2010242565A (en) * 2009-04-03 2010-10-28 Hitachi Appliances Inc Hermetic compressor and refrigerator having the same
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KR20220092067A (en) * 2020-12-24 2022-07-01 엘지전자 주식회사 Electric motor and hermetic compressor having the same
KR102522993B1 (en) 2020-12-24 2023-04-18 엘지전자 주식회사 Electric motor and hermetic compressor having the same
US11863021B2 (en) 2020-12-24 2024-01-02 Lg Electronics Inc. Electric motor and hermetic compressor having the same

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