JP2020133231A - Wooden building structure - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a wooden building structure capable of realizing high strength of a building including a foundation with a simple configuration while securing a degree of freedom of design.SOLUTION: A wooden building structure with a wall pillar 1 as a structural skeleton comprising a lateral sectional shape where a pillar width in a longitudinal direction of a foundation is larger than a pillar thickness in a thickness direction of the foundation is provided with: the foundation 2; a pair of anchor bolts 3, 3 vertically installed from the foundation 2 through a metal base plate with widths corresponding with both lower end parts of the wall pillar 1; insertion parts 13 arranged in both lower end parts of the wall pillar 1, to which the pair of the anchor bolts 3, 3 are inserted from a lower side in accordance with the pair of the anchor bolts 3, 3; connection windows 14 formed through dents on both end side surfaces of the wall pillar 1 and exposing upper ends of the insertion parts 13. Furthermore, a plurality of wall pillars 1 are arranged in a longitudinal direction of the foundation 2 by fastening the pair of the anchor bolts 3, 3 with nuts 17 through the windows 14.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

The present invention relates to a wooden building structure in which a wall pillar composed of laminated wood is used as a structural frame.

Conventionally, as a wooden building structure of this type, as shown in Patent Document 1 below, a wooden structure in which a ramen frame is formed by joining beams and columns having a flat cross-sectional shape having a large cross-sectional dimension in a direction parallel to an elevation surface. The building structure is known.

Further, as shown in Patent Document 2 below, one or more pipe columns (additional columns) are assembled close to the central through column and arranged as an assembly column having a flat cross-sectional shape as a whole, and the through columns are arranged. A frame building structure in which a frame is fixed to a beam or other horizontal member is known.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2004-92150 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2018-31127

However, in such a wooden building structure, although a certain level of building strength can be expected due to beams and columns having a flat cross-sectional shape, the building strength including the foundation has not been reached.

On the other hand, it is conceivable that the building structure is simply fixed together with the foundation, but not only the building process becomes complicated, but also the yield strength utilizing the elasticity of the original wooden building is impaired, and the design The degree of freedom is also reduced.

In view of the above circumstances, it is an object of the present invention to provide a wooden building structure capable of realizing high building strength including foundations with a simple structure while ensuring the degree of freedom in design.

The wooden building structure of the first invention is composed of a plank laminated material, and has a wall column having a horizontal cross-sectional shape in which the column width in the longitudinal direction of the foundation is larger than the column thickness in the thickness direction of the foundation, and the upper part of the wall column. It is a wooden building structure whose structural frame is a horizontal member that connects the sides.
The basics and
A pair of anchor bolts erected from the foundation via a metal base plate and having a width corresponding to both lower ends of the wall column,
An insertion portion provided on the lower surface of the wall pillar and into which the pair of anchor bolts are inserted from below corresponding to the pair of anchor bolts.
It is provided with a connecting window in which both side surfaces of the wall pillar are recessed to expose the upper end of the insertion portion.
It is characterized in that a plurality of wall columns in which a pair of anchor bolts are fastened with nuts via the connecting window are arranged along the longitudinal direction of the foundation.

According to the wooden building structure of the first invention, wall columns of glulam having a horizontal cross-sectional shape in which the column width in the longitudinal direction of the foundation is larger than the column thickness in the thickness direction of the foundation are provided at both lower ends thereof. A pair of anchor bolts are inserted into the provided insertion portion and fixed to the foundation by a nut via a connecting window.

As a result, the wall columns can be easily fixed integrally with the foundation, but since the lower ends of the wall columns are mainly fixed to the foundation, the proof stress that makes use of the elasticity of the wood that is inherent in the wood glulam It will not be damaged.

Further, since the wall pillars are fixed to the foundation via the base plate, it is possible to prevent the wall pillars from sinking into the foundation when the wooden plank laminated wood is deformed to absorb stress. It is also possible to avoid stress concentration on the anchor.

In addition, by arranging a plurality of wall columns fixed to the foundation along the longitudinal direction of the foundation to form a wooden building structure, the position of the structural wall can be freely set, and the design The degree of freedom can be guaranteed.

Here, by arranging a plurality of wall columns fixed to the foundation along the longitudinal direction of the foundation, that is, in the direction parallel to the elevation, the wall columns are horizontal to the entire structural surface composed of the outer peripheral wall columns of each surface. The stress can be dispersed, and the horizontal sway is stopped by connecting the wall columns in the vertical and horizontal directions via horizontal members such as beams and eaves girders that connect the upper sides of the wall columns. Without this, it is possible to brake while allowing the sway to follow the reciprocating motion.

As described above, according to the wooden building structure of the first invention, it is possible to realize high building strength including the foundation with a simple structure while ensuring the degree of freedom in design.

The wooden building structure of the second invention is the first invention.
It is characterized in that the wall pillar is provided so as to avoid all or a part of the plan view corner portion of the foundation.

According to the wooden building structure of the second invention, by providing the wall columns so as to avoid all or part of the plan view corners of the foundation, for example, when all or part of the four corners are avoided, it is usually the case. It is possible to eliminate the through pillars at the corners required for wooden construction and to provide two-sided windows for daylighting at the corners.

In addition to the four corners in a plan view, the corners include an inside corner and an outside corner in a house having a plan view uneven portion, and wall pillars are provided so as to avoid a part or all of them.

As described above, according to the wooden building structure of the second invention, it is possible to realize high building strength including the foundation with a simple structure while further increasing the degree of freedom in design.

The wooden building structure of the third invention is the first or second invention.
A metal plate erected from the base plate is provided between the pair of anchor bolts.
A slit into which the metal plate is inserted is formed on the lower surface of the wall column.

According to the wooden building structure of the third invention, when an anchor bolt is inserted into the insertion portion of the wall column and fastened with a nut, a metal plate erected on the base plate is inserted into the slit. Therefore, by reinforcing with a metal plate, the strength in the direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the foundation can also be increased.

As described above, according to the wooden building structure of the third invention, it is possible to realize higher building strength including the foundation with a simple structure while ensuring the degree of freedom in design.

The wooden building structure of the fourth invention is defined in any one of the first to third inventions.
The foundation has a through pillar foundation structure portion which is a basis of the through pillar.
It is characterized in that the through pillar is erected in the through pillar foundation structure portion via a column base metal fitting provided in the through pillar foundation structure portion.

According to the wooden building structure of the fourth invention, a pilaster can be provided in a building in addition to a wall column by erection of a pilaster in the foundation structure portion of the foundation through a pillar base metal fitting. Therefore, in particular, the weight and load of the building can be dispersed between the wall columns and the through columns, and higher building strength can be realized.

As described above, according to the wooden building structure of the fourth invention, it is possible to realize higher building strength including the foundation with a simple structure while ensuring the degree of freedom in design.

The perspective view which shows the whole structure of the wooden building structure of one Embodiment of this invention. An explanatory view showing a method of fixing a foundation of a wooden building structure and a wall pillar in FIG. Schematic diagram in a state without shaking. Schematic diagram when there is horizontal shaking. Explanatory drawing which shows the skeleton plan view of the wooden building structure of FIG. Explanatory drawing which shows the layout plan view of the wooden building structure of FIG. Explanatory drawing which shows an example of the corner part of the wooden building structure of FIG.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the wooden building structure of the present embodiment includes a wall pillar 1, a foundation 2, and a pair of anchor bolts 3 and 3, and a plurality of wall pillars 1 are structural skeletons. It is a wooden building structure.

The wall column 1 is made of a plank laminated material, and has a horizontal cross-sectional shape in which the column width in the longitudinal direction of the foundation 2 is larger than the column thickness in the thickness direction of the foundation (flat having a large cross-sectional dimension in the direction parallel to the elevation). Cross-sectional shape).

The foundation 2 is, for example, a reinforced concrete foundation having a foundation reinforcement (underground beam) having the same structure as that of a reinforced concrete structure. Since the foundation 2 only needs to be the outer circumference of the building except for the case where the through pillar 9 described later is provided, not only the workability is good, but also the underfloor is opened to realize a foundation structure excellent in equipment piping and maintainability. Can be done.

The pair of anchor bolts 3 and 3 are erected from the foundation 2 via a metal base plate 4 and have a width corresponding to both lower end portions of the wall column 1.

The base plate 4 is connected to the foundation 2 through a pair of anchor bolts 3 and 3, and is integrated with the foundation 2 by a pair of auxiliary anchor bolts 5 and 5.

Further, the base plate 4 includes a metal plate 6 erected from the base plate 4 between a pair of anchor bolts 3 and 3 (between a pair of auxiliary anchor bolts 5 and 5).

The wall column 1 has a structure for connecting as follows so as to correspond to the pair of anchor bolts 3, 3 and the pair of auxiliary anchor bolts 5, 5 and the metal plate 6 configured in this way. are doing.

That is, the wall pillar 1 has an insertion portion 13 into which the pair of anchor bolts 3, 3 are inserted from below at both lower end portions thereof so as to correspond to the pair of anchor bolts 3, 3.

The upper end of the insertion portion 13 is recessed on both end side surfaces of the wall pillar 1 and communicates with the connecting window 14 in which the upper end of the insertion portion 13 is exposed.

Further, the wall pillar 1 has recesses 15 and 15 recessed in the lower portion thereof so as to correspond to the pair of auxiliary anchor bolts 5 and 5.

Further, the wall pillar 1 is formed with a slit 16 into which the metal plate 6 is inserted on the lower surface thereof so as to correspond to the metal plate 6.

That is, the above components are arranged and configured as follows.

A pair of anchor bolts 3 and 3 erected along the longitudinal direction of the foundation 2 at intervals narrower than the column width of the wall column 1 are arranged.

A pair of metal base plates 4 having a support surface having substantially the same shape as the horizontal cross-sectional shape of the wall pillar 1 and having a pair of through holes corresponding to the pair of anchor bolts 3 and 3 are provided on the support surface. It is placed on the foundation 2 through the anchor bolt.

A pair of insertion portions 13 for inserting a pair of anchor bolts 3 and 3 are provided on the lower surface of the wall pillar 1, and an insertion portion 13 is provided on the side surface side of the wall pillar 1 close to the upper end side of the insertion portion 13. A connecting window 14 opened on the upper end side is provided.

The wall pillar 1 and the foundation 2 configured as described above are fixed as follows.

That is, the wall pillar 1 is lifted directly above the base plate 4 by a crane or the like, and lowered so that the pair of anchor bolts 3, 3 are inserted into the two insertion portions 13, 13.

Then, the anchor bolt 3 advances through the insertion portion 13 and is seated on the base plate 4. At this time, the tip of the anchor bolt 3 penetrates the insertion portion 13 and is exposed from the connecting window 14, and the metal plate 6 is inserted into the slit 16. Further, the auxiliary anchor bolts 5 and 5 are housed in the recesses 15 and 15 so as to avoid contact with the lower surface of the wall column 1.

Next, the tip of the anchor bolt 3 exposed from the connecting window 14 is fastened with the nut 17. More specifically, the anchor bolt 3 is fastened with a plurality of nuts 17c and 17c by interposing a fixing metal fitting 17a and a washer 17b at the tip of the anchor bolt 3.

Further, the metal plate 6 inserted into the slit 16 penetrates the drift pin slit 6a formed in the metal plate 6 and the drift pin hole 16a formed in the wall column 1 corresponding to the drift pin slit 6a. By driving the drift pin 18 in this way, it is auxiliaryly fastened.

As shown in FIG. 1, a plurality of wall columns 1 fixed on the foundation 2 in this way are arranged along the longitudinal direction of the foundation 2. That is, a plurality of them are arranged in the direction parallel to the elevation.

Next, the connection between the wall pillar 1 and the (general part) body difference 110 and the (outer corner part) body difference 120 that support the floor surface of the second floor, which is one of the horizontal members, will be described.

In this embodiment, the vertical width of the (outer corner) body difference 120 is expanded to make the cross section larger than that of the (general part) body difference 110. The reason is that the wall pillars constructed along one direction of the foundation and the (general part) body difference 110 have sufficient resistance only to the horizontal force and bending moment in that one direction, but in the orthogonal directions. In the connection between the wall pillar constructed along the foundation of the above and the (general part) body difference 110, the (outer corner) body difference 120 is connected in the orthogonal direction.

Further, by expanding the vertical width of the (outer corner) body difference 120 and making the cross-sectional area larger than the (general part) body difference 110, the components of the horizontal force and the bending moment in each direction are orthogonal to each other. It is dispersed and shared, and as a whole, it has a structural frame that can resist horizontal forces and bending moments in all directions.

The wall pillar 1 and the (general part) body difference 110 are provided with a beam receiver 111 on the side surface of the wall column 1 and sandwiched between slits 112 formed in the body difference 110. Then, the drift pin hole 111a formed in the beam receiver 111 and the drift pin hole 110a formed corresponding to the body difference 110 are matched with each other, and the drift pin 113 is driven so as to penetrate the wall column. 1 and the body difference 110 are connected.

Similarly, the wall column 1 and the (outer corner) body difference 120 are provided with a beam receiver 121 on the side surface of the wall column 1 and sandwiched between slits 122 formed in the body difference 120. Then, the drift pin holes 121a and the drift pin slits 121b formed in the beam receiver 121 are matched with the drift pin holes 120a formed corresponding to the body difference 120, and the drift pin 123 is driven so as to penetrate them. As a result, the wall pillar 1 and the trunk difference 120 are connected.

Further, the connection between the wall pillar 1 which is one of the horizontal members and the eaves girder 130 which receives the roof load will be described.

The wall pillar 1 and the eaves girder 130 are connected by providing mortise holes (not shown) on the upper end surface of the wall pillar 1 and the joint lower surface of the eaves girder 130, and joining these mortise holes via the hozo hardware 131. Will be done. Then, the drift pin 133 is driven into the screw hole 130a formed in the eaves girder 130, and the drift pin 133 is driven into the drift pin hole 131a formed in the wall pillar 1, so that the connection is finally completed.

The wooden building structure may be realized only by the wall pillar 1, but in addition to this, the through pillar 9 may be provided.

In the present embodiment, although detailed description is omitted, the through column 9 is provided with, for example, a through column foundation structure portion which is a base of the through column at the center position in a plan view, and the through column 9 is provided in the through column foundation structure portion. The through pillar 9 is erected on the through pillar foundation structure portion via the hardware.

It is desirable that the through pillar 9 is provided at the central position in a plan view, but the through pillar 9 is not limited to the central position (including the position near the center), and is not limited to one, and a plurality of through columns 9 are provided. You may.

Further, the wooden building structure of the present embodiment is not limited to the square view in a plan view, and may have uneven portions in a plan view in a square view in a plan view or a rectangle in a plan view. Therefore, the number of wall columns 1 is appropriately designed according to the required building strength (for example, seismic grade), and the through columns 9 are widened in the long side direction as in a rectangular shape in a plan view, for example. In consideration of wooden beams, it is preferable that one or a plurality of pilasters are arranged at a certain distance (for example, within 3.6 m) from the adjacent wall pillar 1.

According to the wooden building foundation structure constructed as described above, the wall pillar 1 and the foundation 2 can be easily fixed together. Therefore, in addition to reducing the construction cost, the construction period can be significantly shortened without the need for highly skilled workers.

Further, since the lower end portions of the wall pillar 1 are mainly fixed to the foundation 2, the proof stress utilizing the elasticity of the wood originally possessed by the wood-based plank laminated wood is not impaired.

Further, since the wall columns 1 are fixed to the foundation 2 via the base plate 4, the wall columns 1 are prevented from being sunk into the foundation 2 when the wooden plank laminated wood is deformed to absorb stress. At the same time, it is possible to prevent stress from being concentrated on the anchor bolt 3.

As the anchor bolt 3, it is desirable to use a pull bolt whose lower end side is bent in an L shape. By adopting the pulling bolt, the pulling force can be improved, and the wall pillar 1 can be prevented from being pulled out from the foundation 2.

Here, as shown in the schematic view in the state where there is no shaking in FIG. 3A, a plurality of wall columns 1 fixed to the foundation 2 are arranged along the longitudinal direction of the foundation 2, that is, in the direction parallel to the elevation. As a result, the horizontal stress can be dispersed over the entire structural surface composed of the outer peripheral wall columns 1 on each surface. Further, as shown in the schematic view when there is a horizontal sway in FIG. 3B, the wall pillar 1 is vertically and horizontally moved through a horizontal member such as an eaves girder 130 connecting the upper side of the wall pillar 1. By communicating with each other, it is possible to brake while allowing the sway to follow the reciprocating motion without stopping the sway in the horizontal direction.

Then, as shown in FIG. 1, a plurality of wall columns 1 fixed to the foundation 2 in this way are arranged along the longitudinal direction of the foundation 2 to form a wooden building structure, whereby the position of the structural wall can be determined. It can be set freely, and the degree of freedom in design can be guaranteed.

More specifically, as shown in the plan views of the first and second floors of the skeleton in FIG. 4A, the inner wall is structurally unnecessary. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 4B, the inner wall is partitioned outside the structure. It can be freely provided and laid out. Furthermore, since the internal walls can be freely removed and newly installed, it can be flexibly remodeled and remodeled. In addition, the skeleton structure keeps the building dry and contributes to extending the life of the building.

In particular, by providing the wall pillar 1 so as to avoid all or part of the plan view corners of the foundation 2, for example, when all or part of the four corners are avoided, the corners required for ordinary wooden construction It is possible to design with a higher degree of freedom by eliminating the pilasters, and as shown schematically in FIG. 5, it is possible to provide a two-sided window for daylighting at the corners. As the corners, in addition to the four corners in a plan view, in the case of an inside corner and an outside corner in a house having uneven parts in a plan view, wall pillars can be provided so as to avoid a part or all of them. ..

In addition to the above structure of the wall pillar 1, by providing the through pillar 9 inside the building, in particular, the weight and load of the building can be distributed to the wall pillar and the through pillar, and higher building strength can be realized. Can be done.

As described in detail above, according to the wooden building structure of the present embodiment, it is possible to realize high building strength including the foundation with a simple configuration while ensuring the degree of freedom in design.

1 ... wall pillar, 2 ... foundation, 3, 3 ... pair of anchor bolts, 4 ... base plate, 6 ... metal plate, 9 ... through pillar, 13 ... insertion part, 14 ... connecting window, 16 ... slit, 17 ... nut, 110 ... (general part) body difference, 120 ... (outer corner) body difference, 130 ... eaves girder.

The wooden building structure of the first invention is a wooden building structure in which a wall pillar and a horizontal member connecting the upper side of the wall pillar are used as a structural frame.
The basics and
A pair of anchor bolts erected from the foundation via a metal base plate and having a width corresponding to both lower ends of the wall column,
An insertion portion provided on the lower surface of the wall pillar and into which the pair of anchor bolts is inserted from below corresponding to the pair of anchor bolts.
It is provided with a connecting window in which both side surfaces of the wall pillar are recessed to expose the upper end of the insertion portion.
The entered into pilasters by a nut with a pair of anchor bolts via the coupling window it is more arranged along the longitudinal direction of the foundation,
All of the wall columns are made of glulam and have a horizontal cross-sectional shape in which the column width in the longitudinal direction of the foundation is larger than the column thickness in the thickness direction of the foundation.
The wall pillars are provided so as to avoid all or part of the plan view corner of the foundation.
The general portion trunk difference and the protruding corner trunk difference between the wall column and the horizontal member are characterized in that the vertical width of the protruding corner trunk difference is expanded and the cross-sectional area is larger than the general portion trunk difference. ..

Further , according to the wooden building structure of the first invention, by providing the wall pillars so as to avoid all or part of the plan view corners of the foundation, for example, when all or part of the four corners are avoided. It is possible to eliminate the through pillars at the corners, which are necessary for ordinary wooden construction, and to provide two-sided windows for daylighting at the corners.

As described above, according to the wooden building structure of the first invention, it is possible to realize high building strength including the foundation with a simple structure while further increasing the degree of freedom in design.

Wooden building structure of the second aspect of the present invention, in the first shot Akira,
A metal plate erected from the base plate is provided between the pair of anchor bolts.
A slit into which the metal plate is inserted is formed on the lower surface of the wall column.

According to the wooden building structure of the second invention, when an anchor bolt is inserted into the insertion portion of the wall column and fastened with a nut, a metal plate erected on the base plate is inserted into the slit. Therefore, by reinforcing with a metal plate, the strength in the direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the foundation can also be increased.

As described above, according to the wooden building structure of the second invention, it is possible to realize higher building strength including the foundation with a simple structure while ensuring the degree of freedom in design.

Wooden building structure of the third invention, Oite to the first or second invention,
The foundation has a through pillar foundation structure portion which is a basis of the through pillar.
It is characterized in that the through pillar is erected in the through pillar foundation structure portion via a column base metal fitting provided in the through pillar foundation structure portion.

According to the wooden building structure of the third invention, a pilaster can be provided in a building in addition to a wall column by erection of a pilaster in the foundation structure portion of the foundation through a pillar base metal fitting. Therefore, in particular, the weight and load of the building can be dispersed between the wall columns and the through columns, and higher building strength can be realized.

As described above, according to the wooden building structure of the third invention, it is possible to realize higher building strength including the foundation with a simple structure while ensuring the degree of freedom in design.

Claims (4)

A wall column composed of laminated slabs and having a horizontal cross-sectional shape in which the column width in the longitudinal direction of the foundation is larger than the column thickness in the thickness direction of the foundation and a horizontal member connecting the upper side of the wall column are constructed. It is a wooden building structure with a skeleton
The basics and
A pair of anchor bolts erected from the foundation via a metal base plate and having a width corresponding to both lower ends of the wall column,
An insertion portion provided on the lower surface of the wall pillar and into which the pair of anchor bolts is inserted from below corresponding to the pair of anchor bolts.
It is provided with a connecting window in which both side surfaces of the wall pillar are recessed to expose the upper end of the insertion portion.
A wooden building structure characterized in that a plurality of wall columns in which a pair of anchor bolts are fastened with nuts via the connecting window are arranged along the longitudinal direction of the foundation. In the wooden building structure according to claim 1.
A wooden building structure characterized in that the wall pillars are provided so as to avoid all or a part of the plan view corner portion of the foundation. In the wooden building structure according to claim 1 or 2.
A metal plate erected from the base plate is provided between the pair of anchor bolts.
A wooden building structure characterized in that a slit into which the metal plate is inserted is formed on the lower surface of the wall pillar. In the wooden building structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
The foundation has a through pillar foundation structure portion which is a basis of the through pillar.
A wooden building structure characterized in that the through pillar is erected in the through pillar foundation structure portion via a column base metal fitting provided in the through pillar foundation structure portion.