JP2020131097A - Tissue liquid extraction method - Google Patents

Abstract

To improve extraction efficiency in extracting a tissue liquid from a processed product such as a plant by a distillation method.SOLUTION: A vacuum type drier 1 having such as a water ejector system is used in an extraction method. The drier 1 has a processing vessel 18 having an adiabatic layer 37 and a heating space 38 and a rotary body 19 arranged inside the processing vessel 18. The rotary body 19 has a rotary shaft 31 and pairs of first arms 42 and second arms 43, and a crushing member 44 is fixed to the pair of first arms 42, and an agitation member 45 is fixed to the pair of second arms 43. Though a processed product W is pressed against an inner surface of the processing vessel 18 by the crushing member 44, the processed product W is prevented from sticking to the inner surface of the processing vessel 18 by the agitation member 45 which has an excellent function of combing up the processed product W, and recovery of the dried processed product W becomes easy.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 4

Description

The present invention relates to a method for obtaining a tissue fluid of an object to be treated by a distillation method using a vacuum type (vacuum type) drying device. Here, the tissue fluid is a liquid that constitutes the tissue (cells) of the object to be treated, and can also be referred to as tissue water, biological water, or cell water. When the object to be treated is a liquid, the tissue fluid becomes a liquid in which the active ingredient is eluted.

Utilizing the fact that the boiling point decreases when the pressure is reduced, the tissue liquid of the object to be treated is efficiently evaporated, cooled and liquefied (distilled) by decompressing and heating the inside of the processing container, and the tissue liquid is taken out. It has been.

As an example, in Patent Document 1, in obtaining a moisturizing agent by extracting the tissue fluid contained in the rhizome of turmeric by distillation, the distillation step is performed in a state where the pressure (vacuum degree) is 98 to 93 kPa and the temperature is 25 to 40 ° C. It is disclosed to do.

On the other hand, in Patent Document 2, as a method for obtaining a biological liquid containing tissue water and an enzyme, the enzyme is extracted without inactivating the enzyme by maintaining the pressure at 10 kPa or less in a temperature range of 25 to 45 ° C. Is disclosed.

Japanese Patent No. 5535539 JP-A-2018-7654

By the way, in the vacuum distillation method, the higher the degree of vacuum, the lower the boiling point, so that the distillation efficiency is improved. However, since Patent Document 1 does not assume a degree of vacuum higher than 98 kPa, there is a limit to the improvement of distillation efficiency. On the other hand, since Patent Document 2 aims to obtain a tissue fluid containing an enzyme, the upper limit of pressure (lower limit of vacuum degree) is set to 10 kPa (-91.3 kPa), but the purpose is to obtain an active enzyme. If not, the distillation efficiency may be deteriorated in the operation at such a pressure (vacuum degree), which may be inferior in economic efficiency.

Further, the distillation efficiency increases in proportion to the temperature inside the processing container, but when the internal temperature of the processing container in the distillation step is set to 25 to 40 ° C. as in Patent Documents 1 and 2, the set temperature is set. Is too low and the distillation efficiency may deteriorate. That is, Patent Documents 1 and 2 target a specific object to be processed, and it cannot be said that the objects to be processed having various properties can be widely covered.

Further, if the capacity of the processing container is large, the processing capacity per unit time is large, but since there is only one steam outlet, the horizontal processing container described in both patent documents will be treated with respect to the object to be processed if the size is increased. The vacuum suction action may be uneven, which may hinder efficient extraction. That is, even if the object to be processed is agitated, the suction action strongly acts on the vapor outlet, but the suction action on the portion far from the vapor outlet may weaken. Therefore, extraction There is a concern that unevenness will occur and the distillation efficiency will decrease.

Further, each tissue fluid of the object to be treated has a unique active ingredient, and it is considered that a plurality of types of active ingredients are integrated to have a more excellent action.
Based on that purpose, while a single type of raw turmeric is used as a raw material, Patent Document 2 describes many things that can be processed, but it is understood that only one type is processed in actual operation. Therefore, it has not been possible to enjoy the active ingredients of a plurality of types of tissue fluids at once.

The present invention has been made to improve such a situation.

The present invention relates to a vacuum distillation type tissue fluid extraction method and includes various configurations, and a typical example thereof is specified in each claim. Of these, the invention of claim 1 forms a superordinate concept.
"The preparatory process for putting the object to be processed into the processing container and
It has a distillation step of cooling and liquefying the generated steam by decompressing and heating the inside of the processing container.
Most of the distillation steps are carried out with the degree of vacuum of the processing vessel maintained higher than -98 kPa on the vacuum side. "
It is configured as.

The invention of claim 2 also forms a superordinate concept.
"The preparatory process for putting the object to be processed into the processing container and
It has a distillation step of cooling and liquefying the generated steam by decompressing and heating the inside of the processing container.
Most of the distillation steps are carried out with the temperature of the processing vessel maintained at 45-70 ° C. "
It is configured as.

The invention of claim 3 is a combination of the inventions of claims 1 and 2.
"The preparatory process for putting the object to be processed into the processing container and
It has a distillation step of cooling and liquefying the generated steam by decompressing and heating the inside of the processing container.
Most of the distillation steps are carried out with the degree of vacuum of the processing vessel maintained higher than -98 kPa on the vacuum side and the internal temperature of the processing vessel maintained at 48-70 ° C. "
It is configured as.

The invention of claim 4 is an example of development of claim 3, and in claim 4,
"Leaves of plants and trees are used as the object to be treated."
It is configured as.

The invention of claim 5 embodies claim 4, and in claim 4,
"As the object to be treated, one or more leaves of cedar, cypress, hemlock, asunaro, hiba, pine or other coniferous trees are used."
It is configured as.

The invention of claim 6 is characterized in the object to be treated, and in any one of claims 1 to 5,
"A mixture of a plurality of types of raw materials is used as the object to be treated."
It is configured as.

The invention of claim 7 embodies claim 6, and in claim 6,
"One of the plurality of raw materials is deep sea water."
It is configured as.

The invention of claim 8 is characterized in the apparatus used, and in any one of claims 1 to 7.
"As the drying device, a vertical drying device in which a rotating body rotating around the vertical axis is arranged inside a processing container having a lower portion formed in a constricted portion is used, and the rotating body is used for the processing. The distillation step is carried out while crushing and stirring the material. "
It is configured as.

The invention of claim 1 is carried out in a state where the degree of vacuum of the processing container in the distillation step is maintained higher on the vacuum side than −98 kPa, but by maintaining the inside of the processing container at such a high vacuum. , Evaporation can be promoted and the extraction efficiency of tissue liquid can be greatly improved. It should be noted that such a high vacuum can be realized by a decompression device using a water ejector or by a decompression device using a vacuum pump.

The invention of claim 2 is to carry out the distillation step in the range of 45 to 70 ° C., and by carrying out the distillation step in such a temperature range, the evaporation of the liquid contained in the object to be treated is promoted and the distillation is carried out. Efficiency can be significantly improved. According to claim 1, the operation can be performed at a temperature lower than 45 ° C or higher than 70 ° C. Further, in claim 2, the operation can be performed at a vacuum degree lower than −98 kPa.

Since the invention of claim 3 has the characteristics of claims 1 and 2, it can further contribute to the improvement of distillation efficiency.

The stability of the tissue fluid contained in the structure of the object to be treated varies, and extraction at 45 ° C. or higher may destroy or deteriorate the composition. Therefore, even in the present invention, there is an object to be treated suitable for use. The leaves of plants and trees according to claim 4 are suitable for use in the present invention. That is, since the leaves of plants and trees have a harder tissue than the petals and the heat resistance of the contained tissue fluid is high, the tissue fluid can be efficiently extracted by using it for distillation at 45 ° C. or higher.

The plants include trees such as conifers and broad-leaved trees, bamboos including bamboo grass, ivy, and grasses that do not have a hard trunk.

Trees are roughly classified into coniferous trees and broad-leaved trees, but some of the tissue fluids contained in the leaves of coniferous trees such as cypress and cedar have deodorant, bactericidal, and aromatic effects. Since the leaves of coniferous trees are hard, it is difficult to extract the tissue fluid. However, in the present invention, since distillation is performed at a higher vacuum and higher temperature than in the prior art, the tissue fluid can be efficiently extracted from the leaves of coniferous trees having a high tissue. Specifically, a deodorant functional liquid containing hinokitiol can be extracted from hinoki leaves, while a liquid having excellent bactericidal and insect repellent properties can be extracted from cedar leaves. Leaves such as hemlock, hiba, asunaro, and pine are also expected to contain active ingredients.

Most of the plantations in Japan are coniferous trees centered on cedar and cypress, but thinning has been delayed due to problems such as the aging of forest workers, and the devastation of forests has become a problem. In addition, the decline in competitiveness with inexpensive external materials also contributes to the devastation of forests. However, in the present invention, the leaves, which are wastes, can be effectively used to give high economic value, and it is expected that they can greatly contribute to the promotion of forestry and the revitalization of mountain villages.

The invention of claim 6 is characterized in that a mixture of a plurality of types of raw materials is used as an object to be treated. In the present invention, a complex functional liquid in which different components are mixed can be obtained, but of vapor. Since they are mixed in a state, it is expected that a complex functional liquid in which different components are strongly bonded to each other can be obtained, unlike the case where the finished liquid is mixed.

When using multiple types of raw materials, for example, mixing the same type of raw material, such as mixing cedar leaves and cypress leaves, and mixing different types of raw materials, such as mixing deep sea water and turmeric rhizome. There are cases where it is done. It is also possible to mix three or more kinds of raw materials. By mixing a plurality of types of raw materials in this way, for example, basic cosmetics having excellent moisturizing and bactericidal properties can be obtained, perfumes (fragrances) in which a plurality of scents are mixed can be obtained, and bactericidal and anti-inflammatory properties can be obtained. It can be said that it becomes possible to obtain a drug having excellent sex.

Deep sea water is rich in minerals and is attracting attention as a health drink. However, when the inventors of the present application obtained distilled water of deep sea water using a vacuum drying device, it was better than the state as it was. It was mellow and flavorful. It is thought that this is because the active ingredient of deep sea water remains even after distillation.

Then, in the invention of claim 7, it is expected that an excellent functional liquid can be obtained by mixing the active ingredient of deep sea water with other functional ingredients. Therefore, it is expected to be applied especially to supplements and medical supplements.

According to the present invention, a drying device having various structures can be used, but as in claim 8, when a vertical drying device in which the rotating body rotates horizontally is used, a large amount of the object to be treated is evenly dried to make the tissue fluid efficient. Can be extracted well.

That is, when the lower part of the processing container is a constricted portion, the object to be processed tends to gather toward the lower part of the processing container by gravity, so that the stirring action and the crushing action of the rotating body are applied to the object to be processed. On the other hand, it can act efficiently, and the object to be treated can be evenly crushed and stirred, whereby the object to be treated can be efficiently dried and the tissue fluid can be efficiently extracted.

It is a layout block diagram of the apparatus used for this invention. It is a perspective view of the 1st example drying apparatus used in this invention. It is a front view of the first example drying apparatus. FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line IV-IV in FIG. (A) is an IVA-IVA perspective view of FIG. 4, (B) is a sectional view taken along line BB of (A), (C) is another example of the crushing member 44, and (D) is a crushing member having a fixed blade. The view seen from the IVC-IVC viewing direction of FIG. 4 in the state of shifting to the portion, (E) is a sectional view taken along line EE of (D). It is a front view of the second example drying apparatus. The second example is the vertical sectional front view of the main part of the drying apparatus. (A) is a sectional view taken along the line VIIIA-VIIIA of FIG. 7, (B) is a perspective view of a main part, (C) is a sectional view taken along the line VIIIC-VIIIC of FIG. 7, and (D) is a DD of (A). The perspective view, (E) is an EE perspective view of (D), and (F) is a sectional view taken along line VIIIF-VIIIF of FIG. 3A is a diagram showing a third embodiment, (A) is a perspective view of an external appearance, and (B) is a rough vertical sectional front view. (A) is a detailed view of the rotating body shown in FIG. 9, and (B) is a sectional view taken along line BB of (A).

(1). Outline of the tissue fluid recovery system Next, the apparatus used in the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. First, an outline of the tissue fluid recovery system will be described with reference to FIG.

The liquid recovery system extracts tissue fluid (tissue fluid, cell water) from, for example, leaves, roots, flowers, stems, etc. of a plant, and includes a drying device (dryer) 1 for drying an object to be treated and a drying device 1. A decompression device 2 for depressurizing, a recovery line 3 connecting the drying device 1 and the decompression device (vacuum generation source) 2, and a heat exchanger 4 arranged in the middle of the recovery line 3 to condense and liquefy steam. A product tank 5 for storing the generated tissue fluid is provided.

The recovery pipe 3 connects the drying device 1 and the decompression device 2, and a heat exchanger 4 and a product tank 5 are arranged in the middle of the drying device 1 with the heat exchanger 4 on the distillation side. The heat exchanger 4 is a water-cooled type in which cooling water passes through the inside of a plate-shaped or pipe-shaped cooling element, and the cooling water is supplied from the cooling water tank 8 by a cooling water circulation path 7 provided with a pump 6. It is sent to a cooler (radiator) 9 such as a chiller, cooled by the cooler 9, and then returned to the cooling water tank 8 via the heat exchanger 4. A water absorption pipe 10 and a drainage pipe (overflow pipe) 11 are connected to the cooling water tank 8.

As the depressurizing device 2, a water ejector type is used in this example. That is, the decompression device 2 has a water tank 12 and a circulation pipe 14 for circulating the water in the water tank 12 by the pressure pump 13, and the ejector 15 is inserted in the middle of the circulation pipe 14. The start end of the recovery line 3 is connected to the end of the ejector 15. The decompression device 2 of this example can realize a high vacuum of −98 kPaG or more.

In this example, the portion of the cooling water circulation path 7 on the upstream side of the cooler 9 passes through the water tank 12 of the decompression device 2. That is, the cooling water circulation path 7 is provided with a meandering heat exchange portion 7a inside the water tank 12 to cool the water in the water tank 12. As a result, the temperature rise of the water acting on the ejector 15 is prevented, and the generation of bubbles is prevented, thereby improving the decompression effect.

In FIG. 1, reference numeral 16 indicates a drain pipe, and reference numeral 17 indicates a filter having a sterilizing function or the like. The decompression device 2 is not limited to the water ejector system, and various structures such as an air ejector, a steam ejector, and a vacuum pump can be used.

The drying device 1 of the first example is a horizontal type, and a rotating body 19 having a stirring function and a crushing function is arranged inside the processing container 18 so as to rotate around the horizontal axis. Hereinafter, the details of the drying device 1 will be described with reference to FIGS. 2 to 5.

(2). Basic structure of the drying device As shown in FIG. 2, the drying device 1 has a processing container 18 having a square input port 18d on the upper surface, and left and right support frames 20 for supporting the processing container 18. ing. Central shafts 21 are provided on both left and right end surfaces of the processing container 18, and the central shaft 21 is supported by a support frame 20 via a bearing 22. Then, while the large-diameter sprocket 23 is fixed to the central shaft 21, the reversing motor 24 is arranged below the support frame 20, and a chain is formed between the small-diameter sprocket 25 and the large-diameter sprocket 23 provided in the reversing motor 24. 26 is wrapped around.

Therefore, by driving the reversing motor 24, the processing container 18 can be reversed between the posture in which the charging port 18d is turned upward and the posture in which the charging port 18d is turned downward, and when the charging port 18d is turned downward, the processing container 18 is dried. You can take out things. As the reversing means, another transmission mechanism such as a gear mechanism can also be adopted. Further, instead of making the processing container 18 an inversion type, a take-out port for the object to be processed W may be provided at the bottom of the processing container 18. In this case, the outlet can be closed with a hinged lid or a removable lid.

The input port 18d is closed by the lid 27. Although not shown, the lid 27 is rotatably connected to the upper surface of the processing container 18 by a hinge means, and can be opened and closed by a driving means such as a hydraulic cylinder, an air cylinder, or an electromagnetic cylinder (manually open / close type). It can also be configured.) The lid 27 is provided with a viewing window 28 made of a thick transparent plate.

As shown in FIG. 3, the central shaft 21 is fixed to the end surface of the processing container 18 via the cylinder body 29 and the flange 30, and inside the cylinder body 29, the end of the rotating shaft 31 constituting the rotating body 19 The part is arranged. The end of the rotating shaft 31 is rotatably held by the end plate of the processing container 18 via a bearing, and the rotating motor 32 is fixed to the tubular body 29 on the side close to the reversing motor 24 to form a bevel gear. The rotating shaft 31 is rotated via a transmission mechanism such as a mechanism or a worm gear mechanism.

As shown in FIG. 4, the processing container 18 has an outer plate 34 and an inner plate 35, and an intermediate plate 36 located between them, and the inner surface of the inner plate 35 is from the axial direction of the rotating shaft 31. It looks like an arc. Therefore, the entire inner surface of the processing container 18 is an arc portion. Further, a heat insulating layer 37 in which a heat insulating material is arranged is formed between the outer plate 34 and the intermediate plate 36, and a heating space 38 is formed between the inner plate 35 and the intermediate plate 36. Steam may be passed through the heating space 38, or hot water may be passed through the heating space 38.

When hot water is passed through the heating space 38, an auxiliary chamber 39 communicating with the heating space 38 may be formed in the lower part of the processing container 18, and the heater 40 may be arranged in the auxiliary chamber 39. Of course, it is also possible to arrange the heater 40 in the heating space 38. When steam is passed through the heating space 38, the steam may be passed directly through the heating space 38, or the steam fumarole pipe 41 may be arranged in the auxiliary chamber 39. In order to communicate the heating space 38 and the auxiliary chamber 39, a large number of small holes and communication holes may be formed in the intermediate plate 36.

(3). Rotating body As can be understood from FIGS. 3 and 4, a pair of first and first boss portions provided at the left and right ends of the rotating shaft 31 constituting the rotating body 19 face in opposite directions. The two arms 42 and 43 are fixed, the plate-shaped crushing member 44 is fixed to the pair of first arms 42, and the plate-shaped stirring member 45 is fixed to the pair of second arms 43.

The crushing member 44 is made of a metal plate such as a stainless steel plate, extends along the entire length inside the processing container 18, and is fixed to the beam 46 fixed to the first arm 42 with a bolt 47. .. Then, while the crushing member 44 is intermittently formed with a notch 48 that is open outward, the crushing member 44 is located at a portion of the processing container 18 below the rotation shaft 31 and at which the crushing member 44 moves downward. , A plate-shaped fixed blade 49 through which the notch 48 of the crushing member 44 passes is arranged.

Although the tip of the crushing member 44 is angular, as shown in FIG. 5C, the rear surface in the rotation direction may be inclined to form the tip at an acute angle. In any case, the object W to be processed is pinched by the gap between the processing container 18 and the crushing member 44 and the gap between the notch 48 and the fixed blade 49, and is finely crushed.

The stirring member 45 is made of, for example, a hard resin plate, and is fixed to the beam 46 with a bolt 47 like the crushing member 44. Further, the stirring member 45 is also formed with a notch 50 for allowing the stirring member 45 to escape from the fixed blade 49. However, since the stirring member 45 is made of resin, it does not have a crushing function. As can be seen from the comparison of FIGS. 5B and 5E, the axial length of the stirring member 45 is shorter than that of the crushing member 44, but the same length of the crushing member 44 may be set. .. By bringing the tip of the stirring member 45 into contact with (sliding) the inner peripheral surface of the processing container 18, it is possible to scrape off the object to be processed stuck to the processing container 18.

The stirring member 45 can be manufactured of a metal plate such as a stainless steel plate, the main body is formed of a metal plate and only the tip portion is made of synthetic resin, or the whole is a metal plate such as a stainless steel plate. It is also possible to form a wear-suppressing layer made of resin or the like at a portion that comes into contact with or is close to the inner surface of the processing container 18. It is also possible to make the whole or the tip of the stirring member 45 made of an elastic metal plate such as a leaf spring, and to hit the tip against the inner surface of the processing container 18 against elasticity.

As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, a steam take-out port 51 for taking out the steam generated inside the processing container 18 is opened at the upper end of the processing container 18, and the end of the recovery pipe 3 is provided at the steam take-out port 51. It is connected.

(4). Summary In the above configuration, after the object W to be processed is charged into the processing container 18 from the charging port 18d, the inside of the processing container 18 is depressurized by the decompression device 2 and heated to an appropriate temperature. By driving the rotating body 19 to crush the object W to be processed while stirring, the object W to be processed can be quickly dried. As described above, the vapor generated inside the processing container 18 is condensed by the heat exchanger 4 to become a liquid, which is stored in the product tank 5.

Further, the object W to be processed is pressed against the inner surface of the processing container 18 by the crushing member 44 to be fragmented and granulated, and is also fragmented and atomized by the pressing action between the fixed blade 49 and the crushing member 44. I will go. Therefore, the object W to be treated is agitated while increasing the surface area by making it into small pieces and granules, which can improve the drying efficiency. Further, since the decompression device 2 of this example can realize a high vacuum of −98 kPaG or more, the drying efficiency can be further improved.

Further, when only the crushing member 44 is present in the rotating body 19, the object W to be processed may be excessively pressed against the processing container 18 by the crushing member 44, and the object W to be processed may stick to the inner surface of the processing container 18. However, if the crushing member 44 and the stirring member 45 are separated in the circumferential direction as in this example, the object W to be processed is prevented from being excessively pressed against the inner surface of the processing container 18, and the phenomenon of sticking occurs. Can be prevented and the stirring action can be improved.

As shown by the alternate long and short dash line in FIG. 4, it is also possible to provide the stirring member 45 located between the base end and the tip end of one or both of the pair of arms 42 and 43. Further, in this example, a pair of arms 42 and 43 are arranged so as to face each other in opposite directions, but three pairs of arms are arranged in a three-pointed arrow shape, and a pair or two pairs of stirring members 45 are provided, or four pairs. It is also possible to arrange the arms of the above in a cross shape and arrange the stirring member 45 and the crushing member 44 at 90 degree intervals.

Further, although the arms 42 and 43 are provided in pairs on the rotating shaft 31, the number of arms 42 and 43 may be one each corresponding to one crushing member 44 and one stirring member 45, or three or more pairs may be provided. Further, the arms 42 and 43 can be made of a bar material or a pipe material like a round bar or a round pipe, and when the arms 42 and 43 are made of a plate material as in this example, as shown in FIG. 5 (F). , It is also possible to make a twisted posture with respect to the axis. In the case of (F), since the object W to be processed can be moved in the axial direction, the stirring function of the object W to be processed can be further improved.

The higher the temperature of the processing container 18, the higher the drying efficiency. However, when recovering the tissue fluid from the object W to be processed, the internal temperature of the object W to be processed is set as high as possible in consideration of the heat resistant temperature of the object W to be processed. I should do it. When the object W to be treated is a soft raw material such as petals and herbs and the alteration temperature of the tissue liquid is low, it is preferably about 40 ° C. or lower (about 30 to 40 ° C.), but for plants such as corn and black ginger. If the heat-resistant temperature of the tissue liquid is high, such as roots, leaves of cypress and cedar, leaves of plants such as leaves of 栂 and kusu, stems of stems, and fruits of plants, it can be operated even at about 60 ° C. Is.

Since the leaves of coniferous trees are hard, it can be said that the temperature may be particularly high. Even when it is used for concentrating deep sea water or obtaining distilled water, it can be operated at about 60 ° C. When obtaining liquid distilled water such as deep sea water, the rotating body 19 does not necessarily have to be driven.

As a plant, it can also be used for drying sweet tea leaves, bamboo leaves (sasa), persimmon leaves, bamboo shoots, mushrooms, etc., and for extracting tissue fluid. Further, the object W to be processed does not have to be of a single type, and a plurality of types can be mixed and used. In this case, the mixing mode is, for example, mixing the same kind of product (plant leaf) such as mixing cedar leaves and camphor leaves, or mixing different products such as mixing turmeric and deep sea water. Any combination can be selected, such as mixing.

Needless to say, when a liquid is extracted from the object W to be processed, there are cases where only the extracted liquid becomes a useful substance and cases where the dried object W to be processed is also valuable as a useful item. If the object to be treated W itself contains the active ingredient, such as turmeric and black ginger, dried and powdered articles are also valuable, but when extracting tissue fluid from cypress or cedar leaves, , The material left in the powdery state is basically waste.

Since the crushing member 44 has a plate-like shape, it also has a stirring function. Therefore, the object W to be processed can be evenly scraped up by the stirring action of both the stirring member 45 and the crushing member 44, so that the object W to be processed is evenly vacuumed to be efficiently dried. (The tissue fluid can be extracted efficiently).

As described above, hot water or steam can be used as the heating means, but when hot water is used, the specific heat is large, so that the object W to be processed can be quickly heated to increase the start-up speed of operation and stabilize the temperature. It is also excellent in sex. On the other hand, the use of steam simplifies the structure because no heater is required.

In any case, if the outer layer of the processing container 18 is formed of the heat insulating layer 37 as shown in the illustrated example, heat dissipation to the room can be suppressed, so that the thermal efficiency can be improved and the air conditioning cost can be suppressed. When the inside of the processing container 18 rises significantly due to the operation, it is possible to lower the temperature inside the processing container 18 by passing cooling water through the heating space 38.

When the leaves of the plant are used as the object W to be treated, only the leaves containing no branches may be used, but as long as the outer diameter of the branches is within 3 to 4 mm, branches may be used. In the case of cypress leaves, even if they have thin branches, they can be used as long as they are about 10 cm long. Of course, it is preferable to use it in a state where it does not contain any branches. It is also possible to cut the leaves to a size of several centimeters and use them. The leaves of cedar are elongated and branch from thin branches, but they may have thin branches or can be used even when multiple thin branches are connected.

In the case of a rhizome of a plant such as a rhizome of turmeric, it is preferable to cut it into 5 to 20 mm squares before use. It is also possible to scrape and use it. In the case of liverworts, it can be used as it is. In the case of ivy, when the active ingredient is extracted from the stem, it is preferable to cut it into 5 to 20 mm square before use.

(5). Drying device of the second example (Figs. 6 to 8)
Next, the vertical drying apparatus 1 used in claim 7 will be described with reference to FIGS. 6 to 8. The processing container 18 of this drying device has an upper constriction portion 18a, a lower constriction portion 18b, and a straight tubular portion 18c located between the two, and has an appearance like an abacus ball. The upper constriction portion 18a is provided with an input port 18d, and the input port 18d is closed with a hatch-shaped lid 27. The lid 27 is a manual type and rotates in a substantially horizontal direction, but it can also be configured as a vertical rotation type.

A header 53 is fixed to the upper end of the upper constriction portion 18a via an upper flange plate 54, and the start end of the recovery pipe 3 is connected to the upper end of the header 53. Further, the processing container 18 is supported by the left and right support frames 20 via a bracket 55 fixed to the upper constriction portion 18a. The lower portions of the left and right support frames 20 are connected by a reinforcing frame 56.

As shown in FIG. 7, the processing container 18 has an outer plate 34 and an inner plate 35, and a heating space 38 is formed between the outer plate 34 and the inner plate 35. As in the first example, it is also possible to form the heat insulating layer 37 on the outside of the heating space 38.

As shown in FIG. 7, a vertical rotation shaft 57 that rotates around the center line of the processing container 18 is arranged as an element of the rotating body 19 inside the processing container 18. The upper end of the vertical rotating shaft 57 is rotatably held by the upper flange plate 54 via a bearing, while the lower end of the vertical rotating shaft 57 is the bottom plate 58 of the processing container 18 as shown in FIG. It is rotatably held via a bearing 59. The lower end of the rotating body 19 projects below the bearing 59, and a chain driven by a motor (not shown) is wound around a sprocket 60 provided on the downwardly protruding portion.

The bottom of the processing container 18 has a straight tubular shape. Further, a dry object W take-out port 61a and a cleaning hole 61b are formed in a symmetrical portion of the bottom plate 58 that deviates from the vertical rotation shaft 57, and these are lids 62a that can be fitted and removed from below. , 62b. Therefore, when the lids 62a and 62b are removed, the dried object W to be processed can be taken out and the inside can be cleaned (for example, washed with water).

In this example, in the rotating body 19, the vertical rotating shaft 57 described above is used as a basic element, and the first to fourth arms 63 to 66 are interposed on the vertical rotating shaft 57 in order from the top via the tubular boss 67. Is fixed. The first arm 63 and the third arm 65 and the second arm 64 and the fourth arm 66 face each other in opposite directions.

Each of the arms 63 to 66 is made of a round bar and is inclined so as to be lowered toward the tip, and the tip is directed toward the lower constriction portion 18b of the processing container 18. Then, a crushing member 44 close to the lower constricted portion 18b of the processing container 18 is fixed to the tips of the first to third arms 63, 64, 65, and the middle portion of the third arm 65 is the tip of the fourth arm 66. And, the plate-shaped stirring member 45 is fixed. A notch 48 is formed in the middle portion of the crushing member 44. A fixed blade through which the notch 48 passes may be provided in the processing container 18. The cutout portion 48 is not always necessary, but if it is provided, a plurality of cutout portions 48 may be formed.

As shown in FIGS. 8 (D) and 8 (E), although only the stirring member 45 is roughly shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 (A), when the stirring member 45 is fixed to the tip of the arm 66, the flat portion is formed. The backing plate 69 is fixed to the backing plate 69 by welding, and the stirring member 45 is fixed to the backing plate 69 with bolts 70. The same applies to the fixed structure of the crushing member 44.

As can be understood from FIG. 8 (B), the crushing member 44 has a long posture in the vertical direction and is inclined so as to be lowered in the rotational direction. Therefore, the crushing member 44 also has a stirring function of scraping the object W to be processed upward.

On the other hand, as can be seen from FIGS. 8B and 8C, the stirring member 45 is inclined so as to be lowered in the rotation direction, and is also rotated when viewed from the axial direction of the arms 65 and 66. It is tilted so that it becomes lower in the direction. Therefore, the object to be processed W has an excellent scooping function.

As shown in FIG. 8 (F), a tubular boss 67 is fixed to the lower end of the vertical rotating shaft 57, and a plate-shaped lower stirring member is fixed to the tubular boss 67 so as to be close to the bottom plate 58 of the processing container 18. 71 is fixed. The lower stirring member 71 is tilted so as to be displaced forward in the rotation direction as it goes downward, so that the object W to be processed is pushed up diagonally upward by the rotation. The lower stirring member 71 is arranged one by one on both sides of the axial center, but three lower stirring members 71 are arranged in a three-pointed shape, and four lower stirring members 71 are arranged in a cross shape. It is also possible to do it.

In the drying device of this example, since the lower part of the processing container 18 is the lower constricted portion 18b, the object W to be processed gathers at the bottom of the processing container 18. That is, the object W to be processed tends to have a higher density toward the bottom of the processing container 18. Therefore, the object W to be processed can be efficiently scraped up by the stirring member 45 and the crushing member 44.

Further, in this example, the crushing member 44 is arranged close to the inner surface of the processing container 18 due to its function, but the stirring member 45 of this example is arranged at a portion considerably away from the inner surface of the processing container 18. Therefore, the entire object W to be processed is agitated evenly. Therefore, the entire object W to be treated can be exposed to a reduced pressure environment and dried efficiently.

That is, the object W to be processed is agitated while receiving the crushing function by the crushing member 44 at the inner peripheral portion of the processing container 18, and is agitated by the stirring member 45 at the portion closer to the vertical rotation shaft 57. Due to this double effect, the object W to be processed is thoroughly agitated. Further, since the lower stirring member 71 is provided, it is possible to prevent a phenomenon in which a part of the object to be processed W remains accumulated at the bottom of the processing container 18.

The number of arms 63, 64, 65, 66 can be arbitrarily set according to the size of the processing container 18 and the like. In this example as well, the arms 63, 64, 65, 66 can be arranged in a three-pointed arrow shape or a cross-shaped shape. Further, if the arms 63, 64, 65, 66 are arranged in a stepped manner, the stirring function and the crushing function are excellent, but if the volume of the processing container 18 is small, for example, two arms in the opposite postures are set to the same height. It is also possible to say that it will be placed.

In this example, since the take-out port 61 for the object to be processed W is provided at the bottom of the processing container 18, the dried object W to be processed can be easily recovered. It is also possible to load the object W to be processed from the loading port 18d by a conveyor and carry out the object W to be processed dropped from the extraction port 61 by a conveyor.

(6). Drying device of the third example Next, the drying device 1 of the third example shown in FIGS. 9 and 10 will be described. The drying device 1 of the third example is a horizontal type and a fixed type that does not reverse.

Similar to the first example, in the drying device 1, the processing container 18 includes a heat insulating layer 37 and a heating space 38, and is U-shaped when viewed from the axial direction. Therefore, in the processing container 18, the substantially lower half portion is an arc portion. The drying device 1 of this example has a small capacity of several tens of liters, and the processing container 18 is arranged inside a casing 75 composed of an L-shaped corner support 73 and a decorative plate 74. The processing container 18 and the casing 75 share the top plate 76, and the processing container 18 is in a state of being suspended from the top plate 76. Although not shown, the processing container 18 has an open steam discharge port.

In the first example, the rotating shaft 31 extends long through the processing container 18, but in this third example, the rotating shaft is rotatably held at one end of the processing container 18 via the first bearing 77. The first rotary shaft 78 and the second rotary shaft 80 rotatably held at the other end of the processing container 18 via the second bearing 79 are separated, and the second rotary shaft 80 is driven by the motor 32. Has been done. The motor 32 is arranged inside the casing 75.

In this example, an outlet 81 for taking out the dried object W to be processed is provided below one end surface of the processing container 18, and a chute 82 for guiding the extraction of the object W to be processed is provided on the outer surface of the processing container 18. It is provided. The take-out port 81 is closed with a lid 83 during operation.

The rotating body 19 of this example has the first and second rotating shafts 78 and 80 described above, and a three-pointed arrow-shaped rotating bracket 84 fixed to each of the rotating shafts 78 and 80. Therefore, the pair of rotating brackets 84 are provided with three arm portions 84a, 84b, 84c, respectively, and the plate-shaped crushing member 44 is fixed to the two pairs of arm portions 84a, 84b, and the pair of arm portions 84c A plate-shaped stirring member 45 is fixed to the surface.

In this case, the crushing member 44 has a cutter specification in which the tip facing the inner surface of the processing container 18 is sharpened, but the stirring member 45 rotates in the direction of the tip while specifying the same member as the crushing member 44. I'm pointing in the direction. Therefore, although the stirring member 45 has a sharp tip, it does not provide a crushing function and only a stirring function.

A pair of bracket portions 85 are fixed to both ends of the crushing member 44 and the stirring member 45 by welding, and the bracket portions 85 are fixed to the arm portions 84a to 84c by bolts 86. Further, the crushing member 44 and the stirring member 45 are also located on the outside of the arm portions 84a to 84c, but the short portion located on the outside and the long portion located on the inside are separated. Therefore, the crushing member 44 and the stirring member 45 extending in a straight line are each composed of three parts. Of course, both the crushing member 44 and the stirring member 45 may be composed of one member as a whole.

In this example, the rotating shafts 78 and 80 are not connected, and the rotating body 19 is a kind of basket type. Therefore, it is easy for a person to insert his / her hand when cleaning the inside. Therefore, cleaning can be easily performed. Further, while the fluidity of the object W to be processed inside the processing container 18 is also high, the rotating body 19 has two crushing members 44 and one stirring member 45, and the stirring member Since the 45 has a function of scraping the object W to be processed in the direction of the axis of rotation, the inside of the object W to be processed W is evenly scraped up inside the processing container 18.

Further, the stirring member 45 shares the crushing member 44 having the inclined surface 87, but when used as the stirring member 45, the inclined surface 87 is arranged so as to face in the rotation direction. Therefore, it is excellent in the function of moving the object W to be processed toward the center of rotation.

In this example, three pairs of arm portions 84a to 84c are used properly for the crushing member and the stirring member, but the crushing member 44 is fixed to the tip of each arm portion 84a to 84c, and the base end and the tip are connected. It is also possible to use the stirring member 45 to be fixed in the middle of the space. Further, the crushing member 44 does not necessarily have to be formed in the shape of a blade, and the tip can be angular as in the first example. Further, it is also possible to make the stirring member 45 made of synthetic resin and bring it close to or in sliding contact with the inner peripheral surface of the processing container 18.

The rotating bracket 84 may have a disk shape, but if a form in which a plurality of arm portions 84a to 84c are separated like a three-pointed arrow shape is adopted, the object W to be processed moves to the left and right sides with the rotating bracket 84 sandwiched. There is an advantage that the stirring function can be improved because the stirring function is performed smoothly. Also in the third example, the same fixed blade 49 as in the first example can be provided. In this case, a notch 48 is formed in the crushing member 44.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the present invention can be variously embodied. For example, even in a vertical processing container, it is possible to invert it around the horizontal axis and take out the dried object W to be processed from the inlet. Further, although the present application discloses novel inventions such as extraction of tissue water from the leaves of coniferous trees, these inventions may be independent inventions by themselves.

The present invention can be embodied in a method for extracting tissue fluid. Therefore, it can be used industrially.

1 Drying device 2 Depressurizing device 3 Recovery pipe 4 Heat exchanger 15 Ejector 18 Processing container 19 Rotating body 21 Central shaft 31 Rotating shaft 44 Crushing member 45 Stirring member 49 Fixed blade

Claims (8)

The preparatory process for putting the object to be processed into the processing container and
It has a distillation step of cooling and liquefying the generated steam by decompressing and heating the inside of the processing container.
Most of the distillation steps are carried out with the degree of vacuum of the processing vessel maintained higher on the vacuum side than −98 kPa.
Interstitial fluid extraction method. Preparatory process for putting the object to be processed into the processing container,
It has a distillation step of cooling and liquefying the generated steam by decompressing and heating the inside of the processing container.
Most of the distillation steps are carried out with the temperature of the processing vessel maintained at 45-70 ° C.
Interstitial fluid extraction method. The preparatory process for putting the object to be processed into the processing container and
It has a distillation step of cooling and liquefying the generated steam by decompressing and heating the inside of the processing container.
Most of the distillation steps are carried out in a state where the degree of vacuum of the processing container is maintained higher than −98 kPa on the vacuum side and the internal temperature of the processing container is maintained at 48 to 70 ° C.
Interstitial fluid extraction method. The leaves of plants and trees are used as the object to be treated.
The tissue fluid extraction method according to claim 3. As the object to be treated, one or more leaves of cedar, cypress, hemlock, asunaro, hiba, pine or other coniferous trees are used.
The tissue fluid extraction method according to claim 4. A mixture of a plurality of types of raw materials is used as the object to be treated.
The tissue fluid extraction method according to any one of claims 1 to 5. One of the plurality of raw materials is deep sea water.
The tissue fluid extraction method according to claim 6. As the drying device, a vertical drying device in which a rotating body rotating around the vertical axis is arranged inside a processing container having a lower portion formed in a constricted portion is used, and the rotating body is used to handle the object to be processed. The distillation step is carried out while crushing and stirring.
The tissue fluid extraction method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

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