JP2020124686A - Filter device - Google Patents

Abstract

To inhibit deterioration of treatment capacity caused by deposition of solid constituents contained in raw water in a filter device which filters the raw water without needing external power while enabling reuse of water.SOLUTION: A filter device includes: a water storage container 2 having a bottom part 2a from which treated water is discharged and a raw water storage space R1 which can store raw water before treatment therein; a cylindrical partition wall 3 which partitions an internal space of the water storage container R2 into the raw water storage space R1 and a filter medium storage space R2 which stores a filter medium 4 and is connected to the bottom part 2a; and the filter material 4 stored in the filter medium storage space R2. The cylindrical partition wall 3 allows a liquid to pass in a horizontal direction and partitions the internal space of the water storage container 2 into the raw water storage space R1 and the filter medium storage space R2 in the horizontal direction.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

The present invention relates to a filtration device.

With the recent increase in environmental awareness, a zero-emission flush toilet that does not require connection to water and sewage or power supply from an external power source has been proposed. In such flush toilets, the raw water discharged from the toilet is subjected to solid-liquid separation by a filter device that does not require power, and the solid-liquid separated liquid components are subjected to necessary post-treatment such as activated carbon treatment before being stored in the toilet tank. It is refluxing.

The filtration device installed in the flush toilet as described above pours raw water into a container having a filter material laid on the bottom so that external power is not required, and allows the raw water to pass through the filter material by gravity (for example, patent (See FIG. 7 of Reference 1). In this way, in the process in which the raw water passes through the filter medium from above to below, the solid components contained in the raw water are separated and the treated water is discharged from the bottom of the container.

JP, 2010-104896, A

However, in the filtration device as described above, when the raw water supplied onto the filter medium is launched into the filter medium, the solid component remains on the filter medium, and the solid component is supported by the filter medium from below. Will be deposited on top. For this reason, in the conventional filtration device, the sedimentation is gradually accumulated, so that the filtration speed is reduced, and the sediment is eventually clogged. For example, in a disaster area, it is expected that many people will use the toilet in a short time, and the filtration device will be clogged in a short time. Further, the problem that such a filter device is clogged in a short time is not limited to a zero-emission type flush toilet, and is similarly applied to a filter device that filters domestic wastewater and factory wastewater while reusing water. This is a problem that arises.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems, and in a filtering device that filters raw water without requiring external power while allowing water to be reused, a solid component contained in the raw water is deposited. The purpose is to suppress a decrease in processing capacity.

The present invention adopts the following configurations as means for solving the above problems.

A first aspect of the present invention is a filtration device, which has a water storage container having a discharge part for discharging treated water at a lower portion and a raw water storage space capable of storing raw water before treatment, and an internal space of the water storage container. A partition wall that partitions the raw water storage space and the filter medium into a filter medium storage space that is connected to the discharge unit, and a filter medium that is stored in the filter medium storage space, and the partition wall extends horizontally. A configuration is adopted in which liquid can pass and the internal space of the water storage container is horizontally divided into the raw water storage space and the filter medium accommodation space.

A second aspect of the invention adopts the configuration of the first aspect of the invention, in which the lower portion of the raw water storage space is also connected to the discharge portion, and the filter medium is also arranged at the bottom of the raw water storage space.

A third aspect of the invention employs the configuration of the second aspect of the invention, in which the lower portion of the partition wall is embedded in the filter medium.

A fourth aspect of the invention employs the configuration according to any one of the first to third aspects of the invention, in which the partition wall has a tubular shape with its axis oriented in the vertical direction.

A fifth aspect of the present invention is the raw water supply system according to any one of the first to fourth aspects, wherein the opened tip portion is disposed in the raw water storage space, and the raw water is guided from the outside of the water storage container to the raw water storage space. Adopt a configuration that includes a tube.

In a sixth aspect based on the fifth aspect, the raw water supply pipe is arranged so as to be inclined so that a midway portion located inside the raw water storage space descends toward the tip portion, and an upper portion of the midway portion is provided. Is adopted so that it is opened upward.

In a seventh aspect of the present invention, in any one of the first to sixth aspects of the invention, the raw water is arranged in the raw water storage space, receives the raw water supplied to the raw water storage space, and forms a part of a solid component contained in the raw water. A configuration is provided in which a pre-filtration container that captures and passes the liquid component is provided.

An eighth aspect of the present invention employs the configuration of the seventh aspect, wherein the preliminary filtration container is attachable to and detachable from the water storage container.

A ninth aspect of the present invention employs the configuration of the seventh or eighth aspect, wherein the side wall portion of the preliminary filtration container and the side wall portion of the water storage container are arranged apart from each other.

A tenth aspect of the invention is the construction of any one of the first to ninth aspects of the invention, in which a configuration is provided in which a partition wall support case that is detachably housed inside the water storage container and that supports the partition wall is provided.

An eleventh invention employs the configuration according to the tenth invention, in which a side wall portion of the partition wall support case and a side wall portion of the water storage container are arranged apart from each other.

According to the present invention, the inner wall of the water storage container is horizontally partitioned into the raw water storage space and the filter medium accommodation space by the partition wall that allows the liquid to pass therethrough in the horizontal direction. When raw water is supplied to the raw water storage space of the present invention, the raw water moves horizontally and enters the filter medium accommodation space. At this time, at least a part of the solid component separated from the raw water by the filter medium moves to the bottom of the water storage container by gravity and is deposited. Therefore, according to the present invention, it is possible to suppress a decrease in the area where raw water can enter the filter medium accommodation space from the raw water storage space due to the deposits that accumulate on the bottom of the water storage container, and the deposits prevent It is possible to secure a long time until the approach route is completely closed. Therefore, according to the present invention, it is possible to suppress a decrease in treatment capacity due to the accumulation of solid components contained in raw water in a filtration device that filters raw water without requiring external power while making water reusable. It will be possible.

It is a schematic diagram which shows the schematic structure of the filtration apparatus in 1st Embodiment of this invention, (a) is a perspective view and (b) is a longitudinal cross-sectional view. It is a perspective view which shows typically the intermediate part of the supply hose with which the filtration apparatus in 1st Embodiment of this invention is equipped. It is an operation|movement explanatory drawing of the filtration apparatus in 1st Embodiment of this invention, (a) is a figure which shows immediately after use start, (b) is a figure which shows a fixed time after start use. It is a graph which shows the measurement result by the Example of this invention, and is a graph which shows the relationship between the number of times of the input of raw water and filtration time when the amount of filtered water is 0.5L. It is a graph which shows the measurement result by the Example of this invention, and is a graph which shows the relationship between the number of times of the input of raw water and filtration time when the amount V of filtered water is 1L. It is a graph which shows the measurement result by the Example of this invention, and is a graph which shows the relationship between the number of times of input of raw water and filtration time when the amount V of filtered water is 2L. It is a graph which shows the measurement result by the Example of this invention, is a graph which shows the amount of filtered water on a vertical axis|shaft, and sets the horizontal axis|shaft on the number of inputs, and shows a measurement result in 5 minutes of filtration time. It is a schematic diagram which shows schematic structure of the filtration apparatus in 2nd Embodiment of this invention, (a) is a perspective view and (b) is a longitudinal cross-sectional view. It is an exploded view of the filter in a 2nd embodiment of the present invention. It is a top view which shows the modification of the filtration apparatus of this invention typically.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of a filtration device according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

(First embodiment)
1A and 1B are schematic diagrams showing a schematic configuration of a filtration device 1 according to a first embodiment of the present invention, in which FIG. 1A is a perspective view and FIG. 1B is a vertical sectional view. The filtration device 1 of the present embodiment is configured to discharge wastewater containing a large amount of solid components such as wastewater discharged from a flush toilet as raw water X and discharge treated water Y obtained by separating the solid components from the raw water X. .. As shown in FIG. 1, the filtration device 1 of the present embodiment includes a water storage container 2, a cylindrical partition wall 3 (partition wall), a filter medium 4, and a supply hose 5 (raw water supply pipe).

The water storage container 2 is a substantially bottomed cylindrical container having an open top, and has a bottom portion 2a and a cylindrical side wall portion 2b. Liquid can pass through the bottom portion 2a. That is, in the present embodiment, the bottom portion 2a that forms the lower portion of the water storage container 2 is a discharge portion that discharges the treated water Y from the water storage container 2 to the outside. Such a bottom portion 2a has, for example, an opening provided in the central portion of a bottom plate integrated with the side wall portion 2b, and an insect net having a finer mesh than a glass piece (which will be described later) forming the filter medium 4 is provided on the bottom plate. It can be formed by placing an artificial turf material attached to. By mounting such an artificial grass material, an air layer can be formed on the bottom portion 2a.

The side wall portion 2b is connected to the bottom portion 2a, and its diameter is reduced from the upper end toward the lower end. Such a side wall portion 2b is arranged so as to surround the disc-shaped bottom portion 2a from the outside in the radial direction when viewed from above.

The cylindrical partition wall 3 is a cylindrical member that is erected on the bottom portion 2a of the water storage container 2, and is arranged such that the axis L is oriented in the vertical direction. The cylindrical partition wall 3 has a large number of holes through which liquid can pass in the radial direction centered on the axis L. That is, the cylindrical partition wall 3 is formed so that liquid can pass therethrough.

The size of the holes formed in the cylindrical partition wall 3 is set to be smaller than the particle size of the glass pieces described below. It is also possible to use as the cylindrical partition wall 3 a cylindrical member having a plurality of punch holes or a cylindrical member made of a porous material capable of passing a liquid.

Such a cylindrical partition wall 3 partitions the inside of the water storage container 2 into a raw water storage space R1 and a filter medium storage space R2 in the horizontal direction. In the present embodiment, the outside of the cylindrical partition wall 3 is the raw water storage space R1, and the inside of the cylindrical partition wall 3 is the filter medium accommodation space R2. That is, the cylindrical partition wall 3 divides the inside of the water storage container 2 into two spaces in the horizontal direction, one of these two spaces is the raw water storage space R1, and the other is the filter medium accommodation space R2. I am trying.

In this embodiment, as described above, the bottom portion 2a of the water storage container 2 is the drainage portion. Therefore, the lower portions of the raw water storage space R1 and the filter medium storage space R2 are both connected to the drainage portion. Therefore, it is possible to discharge the liquid to the outside of the water storage container 2 from both the lower portion of the raw water storage space R1 and the lower portion of the filter medium accommodation space R2.

A liquid is allowed to pass through the filter medium 4, and captures the solid component contained in the supplied raw water X and allows the liquid component to pass as the treated water Y. Such a filter medium 4 is formed of a large number of fine glass pieces in the present embodiment. The filter medium 4 can be made of a material other than glass pieces. For example, the filter medium 4 can be formed of a granular material such as gravel.

Further, in the present embodiment, the filter medium 4 is provided in the entire region of the filter medium accommodation space R2 and the bottom region of the raw water storage space R1. That is, the glass piece is buried in the entire area of the filter medium storage space R2 and the height of about 1/4 from the lower end of the raw water storage space R1, and the area in which the glass piece is embedded is the filter medium 4. The cylindrical partition wall 3 is erected in a state in which the lower portion is embedded in such a filter medium 4.

In addition, in this embodiment, the filter medium 4 is integrally formed of the same material (glass piece), but for convenience of description, a portion arranged in the filter medium accommodation space R2 is referred to as a horizontal filter unit 4a, and raw water storage is performed. The part arranged at the bottom of the space R1 is referred to as a bottom filtering part 4b. That is, the horizontal filtering portion 4 a is a columnar portion that fills the inside of the cylindrical partition wall 3, and the lower surface thereof is connected to the bottom portion 2 a of the water storage container 2.

The horizontal filtering part 4a separates the solid component of the raw water X supplied from the raw water storage space R1 through the cylindrical partition wall 3 in the horizontal direction from the liquid component. The liquid component of the raw water X that has entered the horizontal filtration unit 4a moves downward due to gravity and is discharged from the bottom 2a of the water storage container 2 as treated water Y to the outside of the water storage container 2.

The bottom filtering part 4 b is an annular part surrounding the cylindrical partition wall 3, and the lower surface is connected to the bottom part 2 a of the water storage container 2. The bottom filtration unit 4b separates the solid component of the raw water X supplied from above the bottom filtration unit 4b from the liquid component. The liquid component of the raw water X that has entered the bottom filtration unit 4b moves downward due to gravity and is discharged from the bottom 2a of the water storage container 2 as treated water Y to the outside of the water storage container 2.

The supply hose 5 is a hose inserted from the upper part of the water storage container 2, and is provided in a state where the open front end is placed on the upper surface of the bottom filtering part 4b. In addition, as shown in FIG. 1(a), the midway portion of the supply hose 5 is spirally wound along the inner wall surface of the side wall portion 2b of the water storage container 2 and descends toward the tip end portion. It is arranged at an angle.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view schematically showing an intermediate portion of the supply hose 5. As shown in this figure, a slit 5a is provided in the upper portion of the intermediate portion of the supply hose 5, and is opened upward by this.

In the present embodiment, the slit 5a is continuously formed from the distal end portion of the supply hose 5 along the extending direction of the supply hose 5, and in the region of the entire length of the supply hose 5 accommodated in the raw water storage space R1. It is provided. That is, such a supply hose 5 has an arcuate shape whose cross-sectional shape orthogonal to the extending direction is opened upward in the range where the slit 5a is provided.

Even if the solid component Z is accumulated in the raw water storage space R1 and the tip side of the supply hose 5 is embedded in the solid component Z, the slit 5a enables the raw water flowing through the supply hose 5 to flow into the raw water storage space R1. It is a part to do.

Such a supply hose 5 is connected to a container or the like that stores the raw water X outside the water storage container 2, and guides the raw water X supplied from the container to the raw water storage space R1. By arranging the container above the water storage container 2, the raw water X can be supplied to the raw water storage space R1 via the supply hose 5 without requiring external power due to the potential energy of the raw water X.

Next, the operation of the filtering device 1 of this embodiment configured as described above will be described with reference to FIG.

When filtering the wastewater discharged from the flush toilet in the filter device 1 of the present embodiment having such a configuration, the spatial volume of the raw water storage space R1 is more than the amount of wastewater discharged from the flush toilet at one time. Need to be bigger. Considering that it takes a certain amount of time to filter the raw water X in the filtering device 1 and that the solid component gradually accumulates in the raw water storage space R1 to reduce the space volume, the raw water storage space R1 It is preferable that the space volume be sufficiently larger than the amount of drainage discharged from the flush toilet at once.

In such a case, the raw water X discharged from the flush toilet at one time and supplied to the raw water storage space R1 is sufficient for the raw water storage space R1 particularly at the start of use of the filtration device 1 of the present embodiment. Small. The space volume of the raw water storage space R1 is not particularly limited. However, in the following description, it is assumed that the space volume of the raw water storage space R1 is sufficiently larger than the amount of wastewater discharged from the flush toilet at one time, and the raw water X is supplied to the raw water storage space R1 in batch mode. The operation of the filtration device 1 of the embodiment will be described.

FIG. 3A is a vertical cross-sectional view schematically showing the state of the filtration device 1 of this embodiment immediately after the start of use. Further, FIG. 3B is a vertical cross-sectional view schematically showing the state of the filtering device 1 of the present embodiment after a lapse of a fixed time from the start of use.

First, when use is started and the raw water X is supplied to the raw water storage space R1 via the supply hose 5, the raw water X is temporarily stored in the raw water storage space R1. A part of the liquid component of the raw water X stored in the raw water storage space R1 moves in the horizontal direction, passes through the cylindrical partition wall 3 and permeates the horizontal filtering portion 4a of the filter medium 4 and is supplied.

Further, the rest of the liquid component of the raw water X permeates and is supplied to the bottom filtering portion 4b of the filter medium 4 from above. Thus, as the liquid component of the raw water X is supplied to the filter medium 4, the solid component of the raw water X remains on the surface of the filter medium 4 and is separated from the raw water X.

The liquid component of the raw water X supplied to the horizontal filtering unit 4a moves downward along the horizontal filtering unit 4a and is discharged as treated water Y from the bottom 2a of the water storage container 2. Further, the liquid component of the raw water X supplied to the bottom filtration unit 4b also moves downward inside the bottom filtration unit 4b and is discharged as treated water Y from the bottom 2a of the water storage container 2. That is, the liquid component of the raw water X passes through the filter medium 4 and is discharged as treated water Y.

When the raw water X is supplied to the horizontal filtering unit 4a, at least a part of the solid component Z strained on the surface of the horizontal filtering unit 4a is separated from the surface of the horizontal filtering unit 4a by the action of gravity, and the raw water is stored. The space R1 moves with the raw water X. In this way, the solid component separated from the surface of the horizontal filtration unit 4a and moved downward in the raw water storage space R1 is deposited on the bottom filtration unit 4b. Therefore, the surface of the horizontal filtering unit 4a has a small amount of the solid component Z of the raw water X, and the state in which the liquid component of the raw water X easily enters is maintained.

It should be noted that the raw water X is supplied to the bottom filtering part 4b, so that the solid component Z strained on the surface of the bottom filtering part 4b remains deposited on the upper surface of the bottom filtering part 4b by the action of gravity. Then, after a certain period of time, as shown in FIG. 3B, the solid component Z is thickly deposited on the bottom filtering section 4b. As described above, even when the solid component Z is thickly deposited on the bottom filtration unit 4b, the amount of the solid component Z remaining on the surface of the horizontal filtration unit 4a is small, so that the raw water X supplied to the raw water storage space R1 is , Can be horizontally moved to the horizontal filtering unit 4a.

The solid component Z deposited on the bottom filtration unit 4b can also pass the liquid component of the raw water X downward. Therefore, although the passage speed of the liquid component is slower than that of the filter medium 4, the solid component Z functions as a new filter medium and allows the liquid component to pass toward the bottom filter portion 4b.

In the filtration device 1 of the present embodiment as described above, the water storage container 2 having the bottom portion 2a for discharging the treated water Y and having the raw water storage space R1 capable of storing the untreated raw water X therein, and the water storage container. A cylindrical partition wall 3 for partitioning the internal space of 2 into a raw water storage space R1 and a filter medium 4 and a filter medium storage space R2 connected to the bottom 2a, and a filter medium 4 stored in the filter medium storage space R2. ing. Further, in the filtering device 1 of the present embodiment, the cylindrical partition wall 3 allows liquid to pass through in the horizontal direction, and the internal space of the water storage container 2 becomes the raw water storage space R1 and the filter medium storage space R2 in the horizontal direction. It is partitioned.

According to the filtering device 1 of the present embodiment as described above, the internal space of the water storage container 2 is horizontally partitioned into the raw water storage space R1 and the filter medium accommodation space R2 by the cylindrical partition wall 3 that can pass the liquid in the horizontal direction. ing. When the raw water X is supplied to the raw water storage space R1 of the filtering device 1 of the present embodiment, the raw water X moves horizontally and enters the filter medium accommodation space R2.

At this time, at least a part of the solid component Z separated from the raw water X by the filter medium 4 moves to the bottom of the water storage container 2 (on the bottom filter 4b in this embodiment) by gravity and is deposited. Therefore, according to the filter device 1 of the present embodiment, it is possible to prevent the area where the raw water X can enter the filter medium accommodation space R2 from the raw water storage space R1 from being reduced by the deposit, and the filter material can be prevented by the deposit. It is possible to secure a long time until all the access routes to 4 are closed.

Therefore, according to the filtration device 1 of the present embodiment, when the raw water is filtered without requiring external power while making the water reusable, it is possible to improve the treatment capacity by depositing the solid component contained in the raw water X. It is possible to suppress the decrease.

In addition, in the filtering device 1 of the present embodiment, the lower portion of the raw water storage space R1 is also connected to the bottom portion 2a of the water storage container 2, and the filter medium 4 (bottom filtration portion 4b) is also arranged at the bottom of the raw water storage space R1. ing. Therefore, it is possible to improve the processing capacity of the filtering device 1 as compared with the case where the filter medium 4 is disposed only in the filter medium accommodation space R2 (that is, the case where only the horizontal filter portion 4a is provided).

Further, in the filtering device 1 of the present embodiment, the lower portion of the cylindrical partition wall 3 is embedded in the filter medium 4. Therefore, it is possible to stably support the cylindrical partition wall 3 without directly fixing the cylindrical partition wall 3 to the water storage container 2.

Further, in the filtering device 1 of the present embodiment, the cylindrical partition wall 3 has a tubular shape with the axis L oriented in the vertical direction. Therefore, the raw water X can be uniformly supplied to the horizontal filtering portion 4a from the outer side in the radial direction of the cylindrical partition wall 3. Therefore, as compared with the case where the partition wall is rectangular or plate-shaped, it is possible to uniformly filter the entire raw water storage space R1.

Further, in the filtration device 1 of the present embodiment, the opened tip portion is arranged in the raw water storage space R1, and the supply hose 5 for guiding the raw water X from the outside of the water storage container 2 to the raw water storage space R1 is provided. Although it is possible to drop the raw water X from above the raw water storage space R1, in this case, the solid component Z is unevenly deposited inside the water storage container 2 due to the impact when the raw water X falls. ..

On the other hand, according to the filter device 1 of the present embodiment, the supply hose 5 can reduce the impact and supply the raw water X to the raw water storage space R1. Therefore, according to the filter device 1 of the present embodiment, it is possible to prevent the solid component Z from being unevenly accumulated inside the water storage container 2.

In addition, in the filtering device 1 of the present embodiment, the supply hose 5 is arranged so as to be inclined so that an intermediate portion located inside the raw water storage space R1 descends toward the tip portion, and an upper portion of the intermediate portion faces upward. It has been opened. Therefore, according to the filter device 1 of the present embodiment, even if the tip end side of the supply hose 5 is buried in the solid component Z, the raw water flowing through the supply hose 5 can flow into the raw water storage space R1.

(Example)
Subsequently, an example of the filtering device 1 according to the first embodiment will be described. In this example, an experiment was performed using the filtering device 1 having the cylindrical partition walls 3 having different diameters, and an experiment using a filtering device not having the cylindrical partition walls 3 was also performed as a comparison target.

In the following description, the filtration device that does not include the cylindrical partition wall 3 will be referred to as a comparison filtration device. The filtering device 1 including the cylindrical partition wall 3 having a relatively small diameter is referred to as a small diameter filtering device, and the filtering device 1 including the cylindrical partition wall 3 having a relatively large diameter is referred to as a large diameter filtering device.

In addition, since the comparative filtration device does not include the cylindrical partition wall 3, the raw water storage space R1 and the filter medium storage space R2 are not partitioned, and are uniform at the same height as the bottom filtration portion 4b with respect to the water storage container 2. The filter medium 4 is installed on the above.

As the water storage container 2 (commercial name: Seal container depth 11 type manufactured by Risu Kogyo Co., Ltd.) of the comparative filter device, the small-diameter filter device, and the large-diameter filter device, the outer diameter dimension is 309 mm, the height is 252 mm, and the capacity is An 11 L container was used. In addition, a hole having a diameter of 22 mm is formed at the center of the bottom of the container, and an insect screen (50 mm×50 mm) of a size covering the hole and an artificial grass mat for securing an air layer (Watanabe Industry Co., Ltd.: System) Turf R-green) was cut to have a diameter of 200 mm, laid on the bottom of the container, and covered with an insect screen cut to a diameter of 300 mm.

As the cylindrical partition wall 3 of the small-diameter filtration device, a mesh-shaped cylinder having an inner diameter of 52 mm and an outer diameter of 60 mm was used. As the cylindrical partition wall 3 of the large-diameter filtration device, a mesh-like cylinder having an inner diameter of 107 mm and an outer diameter of 114 mm was used. As these cylinders, a thin netron pipe (manufactured by Dainippon Plastics Co., Ltd.: EP-50 (full open hole)) and a thick netron pipe (Dainippon Plastics Co., Ltd. manufactured: EP-100 (full open hole) each having a length of 210 mm are used. )) was used.

In the comparative filtration device, recycled glass (0 mm to 10 mm) was laid in the water storage container 2 so as to have a height of 60 mm to form a filter medium. In the small-diameter filter device and the large-diameter filter device, the cylindrical partition wall 3 is placed upright at the center of the bottom 2a of the water storage container 2, and recycled glass is spread around the cylindrical partition wall 3 to a height of 60 mm, and the cylindrical partition wall 3 Was filled up to the upper part to obtain a filter medium 4.

As the supply hose 5, a slope-shaped hose having a slit 5a with a width of 2 mm inserted in a transparent vinyl hose having an inner diameter of 18 mm, an outer diameter of 22 mm and a length of 60 mm was prepared and used. The supply hose 5 was connected to the TS water faucet elbow by using a transparent PVC pipe having an inner diameter of 13 mm, an outer diameter of 18 mm, and a length of 70 mm, and was further connected to a container arranged above the water storage container 2. By using such a supply hose 5, it was devised so that the raw water X (aqueous solution of toilet paper) could be poured at a constant flow rate.

The area of the upper surface (contact surface with the raw water X) of the filter medium in the comparative filter was 475 cm ² . The area of the upper surface of the bottom filtration portion 4b of the small diameter filtration device was 447 cm ² , and the area of the upper surface of the bottom filtration portion 4b of the large diameter filtration device was 373 cm ² .

A quantity of the raw water X is supplied from the container installed at the upper part to the comparative filter, the small-diameter filter, and the large-diameter filter, and the amount of the treated water Y discharged from the bottom 2a of the water storage container 2 is increased. Was measured with a graduated cylinder. The container used here (manufactured by Astage Co., Ltd.: NF box #11) has an inner diameter of 278 mm in width, 153 mm in depth, 165 mm in height and a capacity of 7 L. Further, in order to adjust the flow rate of the raw water X, a PET resin plate having a thickness of 0.5 mm and a diameter of 18 mm was fitted at the inlet of the supply hose 5, and a hole having a diameter of 7 mm was opened in the center of the resin plate. Further, a rack (manufactured by Doshisha Co., Ltd.: PE5050-2P) is used to support the comparative filtration device, the small diameter filtration device, and the large diameter filtration device, and the amount of the treated water Y flowing out from the bottom portion 2a of the water storage container 2 ( The filtered water amount V was measured with a graduated cylinder (manufactured by Sanplatec Co., Ltd.: 1077-1PC).

Generally, the amount of water required for one use of the toilet is 6.5 L, and the concentration when the amount of toilet paper used for one time is 0.8 m (1.54 g) is reproduced to make it clearer. Experiments were performed at twice the concentration so as to obtain the difference in the measured values. First, pour 3 L of raw water X into the container. After the poured raw water X was filtered, this was repeated, and the measurement was performed every N=10 times of input. That is, 3 L of raw water X was supplied to the container, and the filtration time T (sec) obtained when the filtered water amount V was V=0.5 L, 1 L, and 2 L, and the filtered water amount V at the filtering time T=5 min were measured.

The measurement results are shown in FIGS. FIG. 4 is a graph showing the measurement results when the filtered water amount V is 0.5 L, FIG. 5 is a graph showing the measurement results when the filtered water amount V is 1 L, and FIG. 6 is a filtered water amount V of 2 L. It is a graph which shows the measurement result when it is. 4 to 6, the vertical axis represents the filtration time T, and the horizontal axis represents the input number N of the raw water X. Further, in FIGS. 4 to 6 (and FIG. 7 described later), ◯ indicates the measurement result by the comparative filtration device, □ indicates the measurement result by the small diameter filtration device, and Δ mark indicates the large diameter filtration device. Shows the measurement results at.

In the measurement results shown in FIG. 4, the filtration times T in the small-diameter filtration device and the large-diameter filtration device are almost the same up to point P in the figure, and no significant difference is observed. However, focusing on the filtration time T in the comparative filtration device, it is shorter than in the small-diameter filtration device and the large-diameter filtration device. After the point P, the filtration time T becomes longer in the order of large-diameter filtration device<small-diameter filtration device<comparative filtration device. In the measurement results shown in FIG. 5 and FIG. 6, in any of the filtration devices, the points P in the figures are almost the same, and no difference is found in the filtration time T. However, after the point P, the influence of the filtration system was gradually recognized, and when the number of inputs N=240, the filtration time T was obviously longer in the order of large diameter filtration device<small diameter filtration device<comparative filtration device. ..

When the number of inputs N=240 times, the solid component Z, that is, the deposit of the toilet paper, is accumulated on the upper surface of the filter material of the comparative filtration device, the bottom filtration portion 4b of the small diameter filtration device and the bottom filtration portion 4b of the large diameter filtration device. It covered the entire top surface. However, focusing on the cylindrical partition wall 3, in the small-diameter filtering device and the large-diameter filtering device, the side surfaces of the cylindrical partition wall 3 are exposed and kept in the initial state, and the liquid component of the raw water X always flows into the horizontal filtering portion 4a. It was in a state where it was possible.

FIG. 7 is a graph showing the measurement results at the filtration time T=5 min, where the vertical axis represents the amount of filtered water V and the horizontal axis represents the number of inputs N. Focusing on the ◯ mark and the Δ mark, up to the point P in the figure, the comparative filtration device of the ◯ mark can obtain a larger amount of filtered water V than the large-diameter filtration device of the Δ mark, but after the P point. You can see that it will be reversed.

In addition, the measured value of the filtered water amount V=2 L indicated by the point P in the experimental result of the filtration time T=5 min (=300 sec) shown in FIG. 7 was obtained by the comparative filtration device, the small diameter filtration device and the large diameter filtration device. There was not much difference in the measured values. This agrees with the measured value of the filtration time T=300 sec (=5 min) indicated by the point P in the measurement result of the filtered water amount V=2 L shown in FIG. 6, and it is natural that no difference is observed.

On the other hand, the filtration time T should depend on the area of the upper surface (contact surface with the raw water X) of the filter material and the area of the upper surface of the bottom filtration portion 4b in the comparative filtration device. Now, assuming that the upper surface area of the filter material of the comparative filtration device is 100% as a reference, the area ratio of the upper surface area of the bottom filtration portion 4b is 94% for the small diameter filtration device and 79% for the large diameter filtration device. The filtering time T excluding the influence of the filtering unit 4a should be longer than that of the comparative filtering device in the small diameter filtering device and the large diameter filtering device. This is also understood from the thickness of the deposit. The thickness of the deposit did not change so much between the comparative filtration device and the small diameter filtration device, but it was considerably thicker in the large diameter filtration device. That is, the filtration time T when the number of inputs N=240 times should be long in the order of the comparative filtration device<small-diameter filtration device<large-diameter filtration device when the horizontal filtration unit 4a is not used. However, due to the effect of the horizontal filtering unit 4a, the filtering time T of the small diameter filtering device and the large diameter filtering device is considerably shorter than expected.

(Second embodiment)
Subsequently, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 8 and 9. In the description of the present embodiment, the description of the same parts as those in the first embodiment will be omitted or simplified. FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing a schematic configuration of a filtration device 1A according to the second embodiment of the present invention, (a) is a perspective view and (b) is a longitudinal sectional view. Further, FIG. 9 is an exploded sectional view of FIG.

As shown in these drawings, the filtration device 1A of the present embodiment includes an outer water storage container 6, a partition wall support case 7, an air pipe 8, an inner basket 9 (preliminary filtration container), and a lid 10. I have it. 8(a) and 9, the lid 10 is omitted.

The outer water storage container 6 is a bottomed container with an open top, and has a rectangular shape in a plan view. The outer water storage container 6 has a bottom portion 6a, a side wall portion 6b, and a discharge port 6c (discharge portion).

In the present embodiment, the bottom portion 6a and the side wall portion 6b are impermeable to liquid, and the side wall portion 6b is provided so as to surround the bottom portion 6a having a rectangular shape in plan view. The discharge port 6c is fitted to the side wall portion 6b so as to horizontally penetrate the vicinity of the bottom portion 6a of the side wall portion 6b. The discharge port 6c is a port that connects the inner space of the outer water storage container 6 and the outer space, and is a portion that allows the treated water Y to be discharged from the inner space of the outer water storage container 6 to the outside. As described above, the discharge port 6c is arranged near the bottom portion 6a of the side wall portion 6b and is provided in the lower portion of the outer water storage container 6.

The partition wall support case 7 is a bottomed container that is smaller than the outer water storage container 6 and has an open upper portion, and is arranged inside the outer water storage container 6. In the filtration device 1A of this embodiment, a plurality of cylindrical partition walls 3 are provided. The partition wall support case 7 is a rectangular container in plan view that accommodates and supports these cylindrical partition walls 3.

The partition wall support case 7 has a bottom portion 7a and a side wall portion 7b. A cylindrical partition wall 3 is erected on the bottom portion 7a and supports the cylindrical partition wall 3 from below. The bottom portion 7a has an opening that vertically penetrates the region where the cylindrical partition wall 3 is installed. Therefore, the treated water Y discharged from the lower end of the cylindrical partition wall 3 can be discharged to the outside of the partition wall support case 7 through the opening of the bottom portion 7a.

The side wall portion 7b is horizontally separated from the side wall portion 6b of the outer water storage container 6. Therefore, a space communicating with the bottom portion 6 a of the outer water storage container 6 is provided between the side wall portion 7 b of the partition wall support case 7 and the side wall portion 6 b of the outer water storage container 6. Therefore, even if the raw water X overflows from the inside of the partition wall support case 7, the raw water X overflowing from the partition wall support case 7 is received by the outer water storage container 6. Therefore, the raw water X is prevented from leaking to the outside of the filtration device 1A.

Furthermore, the partition wall support case 7 supports the cylindrical partition wall 3 from below and is detachably accommodated in the outer water storage container 6. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 9, by lifting the partition wall support case 7 with respect to the outer water storage container 6, the cylindrical partition wall 3 together with the partition wall support case 7 can be taken out from the outer water storage container 6.

In the present embodiment, a plurality of cylindrical partition walls 3 (eight in this embodiment as shown in FIG. 8A) are provided inside the partition wall support case 7. Also in the present embodiment, the cylindrical partition wall 3 has a cylindrical shape made of a material that allows liquid to pass therethrough.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 8A, in the present embodiment, among the plurality of cylindrical partition walls 3, two cylindrical partition walls 3 have a smaller diameter than the other cylindrical partition walls 3. Specifically, a plurality of cylindrical partition walls 3 are arranged in an annular shape so as to surround the inner basket 9, and two of them secure a space for mounting the inner basket 9 inside the partition wall support case 7. Therefore, it has a small diameter.

In the filter device 1A of the present embodiment as described above, the cylindrical partition wall 3 horizontally extends the internal space of the partition wall support case 7 which is a part of the internal space of the outer water storage container 6 into the raw water storage space R1 and the filter medium. It is partitioned into the accommodation space R2.

Further, in the filtering device 1A of the present embodiment, the filter medium 4 includes a horizontal filtering portion 4a housed inside each cylindrical partition wall 3 and a bottom filtering portion 4b arranged on the bottom portion 6a of the outer water storage container 6. In addition to the above, the partition wall support case 7 is provided with a partition wall support case filtering portion 4c arranged on the bottom portion 7a of the partition wall support case 7.

The partition wall support case filtering unit 4c prevents the raw water X stored in the raw water storage space R1 from leaking from the opening provided in the bottom portion 7a of the partition wall support case 7 without entering the inside of the cylindrical partition wall 3. To do. Further, the partition wall support case filtering portion 4c surrounds the lower portion of the cylindrical partition wall 3 and supports the cylindrical partition wall 3.

The air pipe 8 is connected to the upper portion of the side wall portion 6b of the outer water storage container 6. The air pipe 8 is provided so as to penetrate the side wall portion 6b of the outer water storage container 6, and forms a flow path for taking air in and out between the inside and the outside of the outer water storage container 6.

The inner basket 9 is a container made of a mesh member that captures a large solid component (a part of the solid component) contained in the raw water X and allows a liquid component contained in the raw water X to pass through. The inner basket 9 is detachably accommodated in the partition wall support case 7 and is arranged in a region surrounded by the plurality of cylindrical partition walls 3.

Such an inner basket 9 has a bottom 9a that is rectangular in a plan view and a side wall 9b that surrounds the bottom 9a in a plan view. The side wall portion 9b is horizontally separated from the side wall portion 7b of the partition wall support case 7. For this reason, a space communicating with the bottom portion 7 a of the partition wall support case 7 is provided between the sidewall portion 9 b of the inner basket 9 and the side wall portion 7 b of the partition wall support case 7. Therefore, even if the raw water X overflows from the inside of the inner basket 9, the raw water X overflowing from the inner basket 9 is received by the partition wall support case 7.

The inner basket 9 is arranged below a raw water supply port 10b, which will be described later, provided on the lid 10. The inner basket 9 receives the raw water X supplied to the inside of the outer water storage container 6 through the raw water supply port 10b, captures the large solid component contained in the raw water X, and passes the liquid component.

The lid 10 is detachably mounted on the upper edge of the side wall 6b of the outer water storage container 6 and covers the inner space of the outer water storage container 6 from above. The lid 10 includes a main body 10a that covers the outer water storage container 6 from above, and a raw water supply port 10b that is arranged in the center of the main body 10a in plan view. The raw water supply port 10b is provided so as to pass through the main body 10a in the vertical direction, and forms a flow path for supplying the raw water X from the outside of the lid 10 to the inside of the outer water storage container 6. The lid 10 is detachably fastened to the outer water storage container 6 by a bolt or the like (not shown).

When the raw water X is externally supplied from the raw water supply port 10b to the internal space of the outer water storage container 6 in the filtering device 1A of the present embodiment having such a configuration, the raw water X falls into the inner basket 9. The raw water X supplied to the inner basket 9 passes through the side wall portion 9b of the inner basket 9 and flows into the outside of the inner basket 9. At this time, the large-sized solid component contained in the raw water X is captured by the inner basket 9.

The liquid component of the raw water X discharged from the inner basket 9 moves in the horizontal direction, passes through the cylindrical partition wall 3, permeates into the horizontal filtering portion 4 a of the filter medium 4, and is supplied. Thus, as the liquid component of the raw water X is supplied to the filter medium 4, the solid component of the raw water X remains on the surface of the filter medium 4 and is separated from the raw water X.

The liquid component of the raw water X supplied to the horizontal filtration unit 4a moves downward along the horizontal filtration unit 4a, and is discharged as treated water Y from the opening provided in the bottom portion 7a of the partition wall support case 7. Further, the treated water Y reaches the discharge port 6c via the bottom filter 4b and is discharged to the outside of the outer water storage container 6 from the discharge port 6c.

When the raw water X is supplied to the horizontal filtering unit 4a, at least a part of the solid component Z strained on the surface of the horizontal filtering unit 4a is separated from the surface of the horizontal filtering unit 4a by the action of gravity, and the raw water is stored. The space R1 moves toward the bottom. In this way, the solid component that is separated from the surface of the horizontal filtration unit 4a and moved in the raw water storage space R1 toward the bottom is deposited on the partition wall support case filtration unit 4c. Therefore, the surface of the horizontal filtering unit 4a has a small amount of the solid component Z of the raw water X, and the state in which the liquid component of the raw water X easily enters is maintained.

After a certain period of time, the solid component Z becomes thickly deposited on the partition wall support case filtering portion 4c. As described above, even when the solid component Z is thickly deposited on the partition wall support case filtering unit 4c, the amount of the solid component Z remaining on the surface of the horizontal filtering unit 4a is small, and thus the solid component Z was supplied to the raw water storage space R1. The raw water X can be horizontally moved to the horizontal filtering unit 4a.

When a large amount of the solid component Z is accumulated in the inner basket 9, the lid 10 is removed from the outer water storage container 6, and the inner basket 9 is detached from the partition wall support case 7, so that the inner basket 9 is retained. The accumulated solid component Z can be easily taken out. For example, by installing a new inner basket 9, it becomes possible to immediately restart the filtration device 1A. Further, by forming the inner basket 9 together with the solid component Z by a material that can be post-treated, it is not necessary to remove the solid component Z from the inner basket 9, and the post-treatment is facilitated.

Further, for example, it is possible to use the filtration device 1A without installing the inner basket 9. In this case, when a large amount of the solid component Z is accumulated in the partition wall support case 7, the partition wall support case 7 is detached from the outer water storage container 6 so that the solid component Z accumulated in the partition wall support case 7. Z can be easily taken out. For example, by installing a new partition wall support case 7 in which the cylindrical partition wall 3 and the horizontal filtering portion 4a are installed, the filtration device 1A can be immediately restarted.

When the filtration device 1A is used without installing the inner basket 9, for example, water is supplied from the outside to the inside of the outer water storage container 6 in a state where the discharge port 6c and the raw water supply port 10b are closed by a valve or the like. However, it is also possible to discharge by sucking the solid component Z together with the supplied water.

In the filtration device 1A of the present embodiment as described above, the raw water X is disposed in the raw water storage space R1, receives the raw water X supplied to the raw water storage space R1, and captures a part of the solid component Z contained in the raw water X. It is provided with an inner basket 9 through which liquid components pass. Therefore, according to the filter device 1A of the present embodiment, since the raw water X reaches the cylindrical partition wall 3, a part of the solid component Z contained in the raw water X can be separated from the raw water X in advance. Therefore, according to the filter device 1A of the present embodiment, it becomes possible to make the surface of the cylindrical partition wall 3 less likely to be clogged.

Further, in the filtering device 1A of the present embodiment, the inner basket 9 is attachable to and detachable from the outer water storage container 6. Therefore, by removing the inner basket 9 from the outer water storage container 6, it becomes possible to easily take out the solid component Z captured in the inner basket 9 from the outer water storage container 6.

In addition, in the filtering device 1A of the present embodiment, the side wall portion 9b of the inner basket 9 and the side wall portion 7b of the partition wall support case 7 are horizontally separated from each other. Further, the side wall portion 9b of the inner basket 9 and the side wall portion 6b of the outer water storage container 6 are also horizontally separated from each other. Therefore, even if the raw water X overflows from the inside of the inner basket 9, the raw water X overflowing from the inner basket 9 does not leak to the outside of the outer water storage container 6.

Further, the filtering device 1A of the present embodiment includes a partition wall support case 7 that is detachably housed inside the outer water storage container 6 and that supports the cylindrical partition wall 3. Therefore, by removing the partition wall support case 7 from the outer water storage container 6, the cylindrical partition wall 3 can be easily taken out from the outer water storage container 6.

Further, in the filtering device 1A of the present embodiment, the side wall portion 7b of the partition wall support case 7 is horizontally separated from the side wall portion 6b of the outer water storage container 6. Therefore, even if the raw water X overflows from the inside of the partition wall support case 7, the raw water X overflowing from the partition wall support case 7 can be received by the outer water storage container 6, and the raw water to the outside of the filtration device 1A can be received. It is possible to prevent leakage of X.

The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but it goes without saying that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The shapes, combinations, and the like of the constituent members shown in the above-described embodiment are examples, and various modifications can be made based on design requirements and the like without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

For example, in the above-described embodiment, the configuration in which the outer side of the cylindrical partition wall 3 is the raw water storage space R1 and the inner side surrounded by the cylindrical partition wall 3 is the filter medium accommodation space R2 has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this.

FIG. 10 is a plan view schematically showing the filtering device. For example, as shown in FIG. 10A, the inside surrounded by the cylindrical partition wall 3 may be the raw water storage space R1, and the outside of the cylindrical partition wall 3 may be the filter medium accommodation space R2. In such a case, the filter medium 4 is filled and arranged outside the cylindrical partition wall 3.

Further, for example, as shown in FIG. 10B, the partition walls 11 having different sizes are arranged in a double tubular shape, and the space sandwiched between these partition walls 11 is used as the filter medium accommodation space R2. It is also possible. Further, the space surrounded by the inner partition wall 11 is referred to as a raw water storage space R1. In such a case, the space between the partition walls 11 is filled with the filter medium 4. The raw water storage space R1 may be located further outside the outer partition wall 11.

Moreover, in the said embodiment, the structure which the filter medium 4 was formed of the same material was demonstrated. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the material forming the horizontal filtering portion 4a and the material forming the bottom filtering portion 4b can be made different. For example, since the horizontal filtration unit 4a has a height dimension larger than that of the bottom filtration unit 4b, the path through which the liquid reaches the lower end is longer than that of the bottom filtration unit 4b. Therefore, the density of the horizontal filtering portion 4a may be made smaller than that of the bottom filtering portion 4b, and the launching speed to the horizontal filtering portion 4a may be increased.

Moreover, in the said embodiment, the structure which the density of the horizontal filtration part 4a was uniform in the height direction was demonstrated. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the larger the thickness dimension of the solid component Z deposited on the horizontal filtration unit 4a, the more difficult the liquid component passes through the solid component Z. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the density of the horizontal filtering portion 4a as it goes upward, and make it easier for the liquid to be supplied to the horizontal filtering portion 4a as the thickness dimension of the solid component Z increases. Specifically, by increasing the particle size of the glass pieces forming the filter medium 4 toward the upper portion of the horizontal filtering portion 4a and increasing the voids, the density becomes smaller as the horizontal filtering portion 4a moves toward the upper portion. can do.

1... Filtration device, 1A... Filtration device, 2... Water storage container, 2a... Bottom part (discharging part), 2b... Side wall part, 3... Cylindrical partition wall (partition wall), 4... Filter material, 4a ......Horizontal filter, 4b ......Bottom filter, 4c ……Partition wall support case filter, 5 ……Supply hose (raw water supply pipe), 5a ……Slit, 6 ……Outside water reservoir (water reservoir) 6a ......Bottom, 6b... Side wall, 6c... Discharge port (discharge section), 7... Partition wall support case, 7a... Bottom, 7b... Side wall, 8... Air pipe, 9... Inner basket (Preliminary filtration container), 9a...bottom part, 9b...side wall part, 10...lid part, 10a...main body part, 10b...raw water supply port, 11...partition wall, L...axis center, R1... ... Raw water storage space, R2... Filter medium storage space, X... Raw water, Y... Treated water, Z... Solid component

Claims (11)

A water storage container having a discharge part for discharging treated water in the lower part and having a raw water storage space capable of storing raw water before treatment therein,
A partition wall that partitions the internal space of the water storage container into the raw water storage space and a filter medium storage space that receives the filter medium and is connected to the discharge unit,
A filter medium stored in the filter medium storage space,
The partition wall allows liquid to pass through in the horizontal direction, and partitions the internal space of the water storage container into the raw water storage space and the filter medium accommodation space in the horizontal direction. The filtration device according to claim 1, wherein a lower part of the raw water storage space is also connected to the discharge part, and a filter medium is also arranged at a bottom part of the raw water storage space. The filter device according to claim 2, wherein a lower portion of the partition wall is embedded in the filter medium. The filtering device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the partition wall is formed in a tubular shape with its axis oriented in the vertical direction. 5. The raw water supply pipe for guiding the raw water from the outside of the water storage container to the raw water storage space is provided with an open front end portion arranged in the raw water storage space. The described filtering device. The raw water supply pipe is arranged so as to be inclined so that an intermediate portion located inside the raw water storage space descends toward the tip portion, and an upper portion of the intermediate portion is opened upward. The filtration device according to claim 5. It is characterized by comprising a preliminary filtration container which is disposed in the raw water storage space, receives the raw water supplied to the raw water storage space, and captures a part of the solid component contained in the raw water to pass the liquid component. The filtration device according to any one of claims 1 to 6. The filtration device according to claim 7, wherein the preliminary filtration container is removable from the water storage container. 9. The filtering device according to claim 7, wherein a side wall portion of the preliminary filtration container and a side wall portion of the water storage container are arranged apart from each other. The filtering device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, further comprising: a partition wall support case that is detachably accommodated inside the water storage container and supports the partition wall. The filtering device according to claim 10, wherein a side wall portion of the partition wall support case and a side wall portion of the water storage container are arranged apart from each other.

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