JP2020118784A - Control device - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a universal head system with improved operability in which, in cooperation control of a plurality of universal heads, a control device picks up setting information from a universal head which an operation device has operated, processes the setting information in consideration of a positional relationship between the universal heads, a light source, or the like, distributes the setting information to the other universal heads, and thereby labor for additional operation from the operation device can be reduced thereafter.SOLUTION: A control device includes: communication means 1 for communicating with an operation device; communication means 2 for communicating with an information server having environmental information; communication means 3 for communicating with a control line switcher; storage means for storing a table for calculation; communication means 4 for communicating with universal heads; and a control unit that, when the communication means 1 receives notification that the operation device finished control of the universal head, notifies the switcher of connection with the universal head controlled by the operation device, obtains predetermined camera setting information from the universal head, uses the table obtained from the storage means, refers to the environmental information to process the camera setting information and generate camera setting information for each of the other universal heads, and distributes it to each of the plurality of universal heads.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

The present invention relates to a pan head system, and more particularly to improving operability in cooperative control of a plurality of pan heads.

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, for example, in a broadcasting station, an operating style is used in which a camera is equipped with a plurality of pan heads that can be operated vertically and horizontally, and one subject is linked and imaged by remote control from an operating device. For example, when shooting an aircraft landing with a celebrity from various angles with multiple platform heads installed at the airport. At that time, mainly two operations are required from the operating device.

The first operation is to direct a plurality of pan heads to the direction of the subject, and the second operation is to direct the cameras of each pan head to the program so that the pictures are easy to see when shooting the subject from any direction. It is an operation to perform adjustment and correction.

For example, it is known to perform retrograde correction when the subject and the sun are in the same direction with respect to the camera mounted on the platform, and to perform red filter correction when the subject and the sunset are in the same direction. ..

Conventionally, Patent Document 1 discloses a technique in which, when one pan head is operated from an operating device, another pan head is automatically controlled so that one pan subject is photographed and tracked. There is.

Japanese Patent No. 3873262

However, with the conventional technique disclosed in the above-mentioned Patent Document 1, although the first operation of pointing the plurality of pan heads to the subject can be realized, the cameras mounted on the pan heads are appropriately set. The second operation is not taken into account, and the operator repeats the procedure of connecting the operating devices one by one for each of the multiple platform parts and making the settings suitable for the platform camera to suit the production of the program. The operation had to be complicated.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is, in the coordinated control of a plurality of tripod heads, the control device absorbs the setting information from the tripod head after the operator operates it, and processes it in consideration of the positional relationship between the tripod heads, the light source, etc. It is to provide a pan head system with improved operability by making it possible to reduce the time and effort for the additional operation from the operation device by delivering the pan head to the pan head.

In order to achieve the above object, the control device according to the present invention,
A communication means 1 for communicating with the controller,
A communication means 2 for communicating with an information server having environmental information,
Communication means 3 for communicating with the control line switch,
Storage means for storing a table for calculation,
Communication means 4 for communicating with the platform,
When the communication means 1 receives a notification that the operation device has finished controlling the platform,
Notifying the switching device of the connection with the platform that the operating device was controlling,
Obtain predetermined camera setting information from the platform,
Using the table obtained from the storage means, referring to the environment information,
The camera setting information is processed to generate camera setting information for each other pan head,
A control unit that delivers to multiple pan heads,
It is characterized by having.

According to the present invention, in the coordinated control of a plurality of pan heads, the control device sucks up the setting information from the pan head after the operator operates, processes the pan heads considering the positional relationship between the pan heads, the light source, etc. By delivering to the platform, it is possible to reduce the time and effort for the additional operation from the operating device thereafter, and it is possible to provide a pan head system with improved operability.

Functional block diagram of the configuration of a tripod platform system including the controller of the first embodiment Correlation diagram of positions of a plurality of pan heads, subjects, and light sources in the pan head system of the first embodiment Relational expression of θ angle in Figure 2 Table of camera setting ND values Table of camera setting ND value and γ value Flowchart for explaining the operation of the first embodiment A functional block diagram of a configuration of a pan head system including an operation device including a control device according to a second embodiment. Flowchart for explaining the operation of the second embodiment

Hereinafter, modes for carrying out the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a functional block diagram of a platform system including a controller 10 according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

The platform 50 is controlled by the operating device 20 and the controller 10. Therefore, the switch 40 is inserted between the camera platform 50 and the camera platform 50 to switch the camera platform control line in response to an instruction from the operation device 20 or the controller 10. Further, the controller 10 communicates with the information server 30 that has environment information such as the relevance information of the platform 50 and the position of the sun. As described above, the operation device 20, the control device 10, the information server 30, the switching device 40, and the platform 50 are roughly composed of five blocks.

Each block will be described in detail.

The operating device 20 is an operating device for controlling the platform 50. An operation of changing the direction of the camera mounted on the platform 50 and an operation of adjusting the image of the camera can be performed. For example, the former involves pan/tilt operation of the platform 50, and the latter involves white balance and filter adjustment. Further, the operation device 20 exchanges a control signal for controlling the platform 50, an instruction line L1 for exchanging a switching notification signal for prompting switching to the control line L5, and the controller 10. A line L2 for communication is provided.

The controller 10 is a device for controlling the pan/tilt head 50 similarly to the operation device 20. The communication unit includes four communication units, a control unit, and a storage unit. Each communication unit communicates with the operation unit 20, the information server 30, the switching unit 40, and the platform 50, and passes the information to the control unit 10d. The control unit 10d processes the information based on the information stored in the storage unit 10f and outputs it from each communication unit. Specific detailed operation will be described later.

The information server 30 is a server that can input/output, for example, the model of each platform, the mounted camera, the group information of each platform, the sun and nature information, and the like. It is connected to the controller 10 via a line L3.

The switching device 40 internally includes two systems of three-contact switches (SW1 and SW2). When both inputs of SW1 and SW2 select the input 1, the control line L7 and the control line L8 are unconnected. When the input 2 of SW1 is selected, the control line L7 and the control line L6 are connected, and the platform 50a is connected to the controller 10. Further, when the input 3 of SW1 is selected, the control line L7 and the control line L5 are selected, and the platform 50a is connected to the operating device 20. When the input 2 of SW2 is selected, the control line L8 and the control line L6 are selected, and the platform 50b is connected to the controller 10. When the input 3 of SW2 is selected, the control line L8 and the control line L5 are connected, and the platform 50b and the operating device 20 are connected. Note that neither SW1 nor SW2 select input 2 and input 3 at the same time.

Specifically, the platform 50 is a platform installed in each place. For example, it means Tateyama, Kasai, and Kawasaki pan heads that are installed to surround Tokyo Bay, and are schematically represented as pan heads 50a and pans 50b.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the positional relationship between the platform, the subject, and the light source when the platform 50 captures one subject 70.

The camera platform 50a and the camera platform 50b are in the process of shooting images toward the subject 70 by directing the directions V1 and V2, respectively. Further, the light source 60 (for example, the sun) represents a state in which the light source 60 (for example, the sun) moves from the position V3 to the position V4 with respect to the subject 70 by an arrow V5. The direction directly facing V1 is V4, and the direction directly facing V2 is V3. The light source is generally omnidirectional, but for convenience sake, arrows are used to indicate the direction of light.

FIG. 3 is an equation representing the relationship between θ1, θ2, and θ3 in FIG.

The platform 50a and the platform 50b are fixed toward the subject 70 in the directions V1 and V2. The interior angle between V1 and V2 is θ1. Further, V4 is opposed to the extension line of V1, and V3 is opposed to the extension line of V2. The interior angle formed by V3 and V5 is θ2, and the interior angle formed by V5 and V4 is θ3. Therefore, the relationship between θ1, θ2, and θ3 is θ1=θ2+θ3.

In the following FIGS. 4 and 5, two items used for image adjustment of the camera are used as an example. One is an ND filter, which has the function of reducing the amount of light without affecting the color. It is known that a dynamic range of an image pickup element of a camera is selected and mounted so as to match the upper limit of the dynamic range of sunlight, for example. Reference value 0 in the table means that the ND filter is not used, and 1/n means that the value of the ND filter is 1/n and the amount of light can be reduced to 1/n. The other is the value of the degree of γ correction and the output of the screen with respect to the input of the image. For example, when shooting a landscape in the evening, the image input is low because it is dark, and when you look at that state on the screen, the sensitivity of the screen is the same as when it is bright, so the whole is displayed dark, and the place that is too dark is uniform. It is displayed in black. In such a case, by increasing the γ value, the sensitivity of the screen will increase even with a small amount of video input, and a gradation will be created in a dark place, making it possible to create a screen that is easy to see.

FIG. 4 is a table showing reference values of the relationship between the ND positions of the camera platform 50a and the camera platform 50b when the light source 60 moves to the half angle of the camera platform 50a and the camera platform 50b with a positional relationship of θ1. ..

In this example, if two pan heads take one subject and the light source moves to the center of both pan heads, you can see the camera images of both pan heads in the same way. Indicates that the other heads should be set in the same way. This table is stored in the storage unit 10f.

FIG. 5 is a table showing, as reference values, the ND positions of the platform 50a and the platform 50b with respect to the position of the light source 60 and γ correction in FIG.

The light source 60 moves V3, V5, and V4 in the direction from the position 60a to the position 60b. The positions of the NDs of the platform 50a and platform 50b at that time and the on/off state of the γ correction are shown. For example, in No. 1, when the light source 60 is at the position 60a, the ND position of the platform 50a is 0, that is, ND is not used, but the platform 50b raises the ND position by one step because it is backlit. To select 1/4. At that time, since the setting of the ND value is small, γ correction is not necessary (cut). On the other hand, in No. 9, the light source 60 is located at the position 60b. The ND setting of the platform 50a is 1/16 and γ correction is included. Backlight +γ correction. However, since the platform 50b does not face each other when the light source 60 is at the position 60b, the ND setting may be set to 1/16 and the γ correction may be turned off. This table is also stored in the storage unit 10f.

Finally, the operation of this embodiment will be described in detail with reference to the flowcharts of FIGS. 1 to 5 and 6.

The operator controls the platform 50a with the operation device 20. At the beginning of the procedure, the operation device 20 is operated to instruct the switching device 40 to switch the control line L5 to the control line L7 and SW1 by the instruction line L4. As a result, the control signal of the operation device 20 can be exchanged with the platform 50a from the control line L5 through the control line L7. The operator operates the operating device 20 to control the platform 50. The flowchart of FIG. 6 starts from the state where the operation is not finished.

In step S1, the control unit 10d acquires operating device information from the operating device 20 via the communication unit 1. The operation device information includes an identifier (50a in this example) of the platform 50 that the operation device 20 is controlling, a state of whether the operation device 20 is being operated, and the like. When the acquisition process ends, the process proceeds to step S2.

In step S2, the control unit 10d checks whether or not the operator has finished controlling the camera platform 50a using the operating device 20. Specifically, the in-operation information in the operation information acquired in step S1 is checked. If the operation is continued, the process proceeds to step S1. When the operation is completed, the process proceeds to step S3.

In step S3, the control unit 10d instructs the switching device 40 to connect the platform 50 to which the operation device 20 is connected and the control device 10. Specifically, in this embodiment, the operating device 20 operates the platform 50a. Therefore, the control unit 10d issues an instruction to the switch 40 from the instruction line L4 via the communication unit 3 so as to connect the controller 10 and the platform 50a. The switch then selects input 2 of SW1. Then, the control line L7 and the control line L6 are connected. Then, the process proceeds to step S4.

In step S4, the control unit 10d acquires the setting information of the camera platform 50. This is information set by the operator for the camera mounted on the camera platform 50, for example. In the present embodiment, the values are the ND filter of the mounted camera and the values of γ correction shown in FIGS. 4 and 5. The control unit 10d acquires this setting information and proceeds to step S5.

In step S5, the control unit 10d issues an instruction to the switching device to separate the control unit 10 and the platform 50. In this embodiment, an instruction is given to the switch 40 via the instruction line L4 so as to disconnect the control unit 10 from the platform 50a. Then, the switcher 40 selects the input 1 of SW1. The control line L7 and the control line L6 are not connected. Then, the process proceeds to step S6.

In step S6, the control unit 10d obtains information on the pan head group from the information server 30 via the communication unit 2. In the case of the present embodiment, the information includes the relationship between the camera platform 50a and the camera platform 50b as shown in FIG. 2 and the information that the angle of both of them facing the subject 70 is θ1. Then, the process proceeds to step S7.

In step S7, the control unit 10d stores the pan/tilt head setting information set in the pan/tilt head 50 by the operator in step S4 and the storage unit 10f based on the pan/tilt head information acquired in step S6. , Processing is performed based on the information of FIG. 5 to generate setting information of another pan head 50. In the case of the present embodiment, when the light source 60 of FIG. 2 is at the midpoint between 60a and 60b, that is, in the direction of V5, θ2 and θ3 are the same, and when the light source 60 is half of θ1, the value set in the pan head 50a. Is generated as it is as the set value of the platform 50b. This is shown in FIG. When θ2 and θ3 are half of θ1, the ND values of the camera platform 50a and the camera platform 50b may be the same. For example, when the light source is the sun, this is located in the center of both pan heads with respect to the subject 70. In other words, when the same image as the pan head 50a is created, the same set value as the pan head 50a may be generated for the pan head 50b. Further, in FIG. 2, when the light source 60 is at the position 60b with respect to the platform 50a, the setting of the ND value of the platform 50a is reversed, so 1/16 shown in FIG. 5 is set. Gamma correction is included because blackout is expected. However, since the pan head 50b is located at a position rotated by θ1 to the right from the pan head 50a, it is only necessary to select the ND value of 1/16 and the γ correction is not necessary, and the setting to be generated is only the ND value of 1/16. Become. When the setting information of the platform 50b is generated, the process proceeds to step S8.

In step S8, the control unit 10d distributes the setting information to the pan heads 50 other than the pan head 50 (in this embodiment, the pan head 50a) operated by the operating device 20. Specifically, in the present embodiment, the control unit 10d issues an instruction to the switching unit 40 via the communication unit 3 on the instruction line L4 so as to connect the control unit 10 and the platform 50b. The switch selects the input 2 of SW2, and the control line L8 and the control line L5 are connected. Then, the process proceeds to step S9.

In step S9, the control unit 10d sets the setting information for the pan heads 50 other than the ones operated in the operation unit 20 generated in step S7 in the other pan heads 50. In this embodiment, the pan head 50b is set. When the light source 60 in FIG. 2 is at the position of V5, the same value as that of the pan head 50a is set, and when the light source 60 is in any other place, the values shown in FIG. 5 are set. Then, the process proceeds to step S10.

In step S10, the control unit 10d disconnects the control unit 10 and the platform 50 from the switch 40, as in step S5. In this embodiment, an instruction line L4 is issued to the switch 40 so as to disconnect the control unit 10 from the platform 50b. Then, the switch 40 selects the input 1 of SW2. The control line L8 and the control line L5 are not connected.

As described above, when the operator sets one pan/tilt head 50a using the operation device 20, the controller 10 reads the setting information and the other pan/tilt heads 50b related information with the pan/tilt head 50a. Alternatively, the setting information is generated and set in consideration of the current state of the light source. The operator does not have to operate the platform 50b, and even if there is an additional operation, it is possible to minimize the operation. In the present embodiment, the number of pan heads is two, but the processing does not change even if the number of pan heads is more than that, and the more the pan heads are, the more the operation performed by the operator can be simplified.

According to the present embodiment, in the coordinated control of a plurality of pan heads, the operation device sucks the setting information from the pan head after the operation, processes the setting information in consideration of the mutual positional relationship between the pan heads, the light source, etc. By delivering to the pan head, it is possible to reduce the time and effort for the additional operation from the operation device after that, and it is effective in improving the operability.

Hereinafter, a controller according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 7 and 8.

FIG. 7 is a functional block diagram of a platform system including an operating device 100 including a controller according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

The platform 50 is operated from the operation device 100. Therefore, the switch 40 switches the control line of the platform 50 between them. In addition, the operating device 100 communicates with the information server 30 that has natural information such as the platform information 50 and the position of the sun. As described above, the operation device 100, the information server 30, the switching device 40, and the platform 50 are roughly configured by four blocks.

Each block will be described in detail. Regarding the items common to those of FIG. 1 of the first embodiment, the description of the information server 30, the switcher 40 (the difference in the number of contact points will be described later), the storage unit 10f, and the platform 50 will be omitted, but the functions will not be described. Is the same.

The operating device 100 is a device in which the operating device 20 and the controller 10 configured in FIG. 1 of the first embodiment have a common control unit. The operation device 100 includes an operation member 100b operated by an operator, a communication unit 5 for communicating with the information server 30, a communication unit 6 for communicating with the switch 40, and a communication unit for communicating with the platform 50. 7 and a control unit 100a that controls them. Details of the operation will be described later with reference to the flowchart of FIG.

The switch 40 has three contacts in FIG. 1, but has two contacts in FIG. 7. When SW3 and SW4 are switched to the input 1, the control line L7 or the control line L8 is not connected. When the SW3 is switched to the input 2, the control line L7 is switched to the control line L10, and the camera platform 50a is connected to the operating device 100. When SW4 is switched to input 2, the control line L8 is switched to the control line L10 and the platform 50b is connected to the operating device 100. Note that SW3 and SW4 are never switched to input 2 at the same time.

The operation of the controller 100a of the controller 100 in the second embodiment will be described in detail with reference to the flowchart of FIG.

In order to control the platform 50a from the operating device 100, the operator operates the operating device 100 to instruct the switching device 40 to switch the control line L7 to the control line L10 and SW3. Then, SW3 switches to input 2. As a result, the control signal of the operation device 100 can be exchanged with the platform 50a from the control line L10 through the control line L7. The operator operates the operating device 100 to control the platform 50. The flowchart of FIG. 8 starts from the state where the control unit 100a waits for the operation of the operation member 100b to end.

In step S11, the control unit 100a acquires the operation information of the operation member 100b by the operator. When the acquisition is completed, the process proceeds to step S12.

In step S12, the control unit 100a detects whether or not the operator has finished operating the platform 50a. Specifically, the in-operation information in the operation information acquired in step S11 is checked. If the operation is continued, the process proceeds to step S11. When the operation is completed, the process proceeds to step S13.

In step S13, the control unit 100a acquires the setting information of the camera platform 50. This is, for example, the setting information that the operator has performed on the camera mounted on the camera platform 50. In the present embodiment, the values are the ND filter of the mounted camera and the values of γ correction shown in FIGS. 4 and 5. The control unit 100a acquires this setting information and moves to step S14.

In step S14, the operating device 100 and the platform 50 are separated. In this embodiment, the control unit 100a issues an instruction to the switching unit 40 so as to separate the operating device 100 and the platform 50a. Then, the switch 40 selects the input 1 of SW3. The control line L7 and the control line L10 are not connected. Then, the process proceeds to step S15.

In step S15, the control unit 100a obtains the panhead group information from the information server 30 via the communication unit 5. In the case of the present embodiment, the relationship between the camera platform 50a and the camera platform 50b as shown in FIG. 2 and the angle between the two facing the subject 70 is θ1. Then, the process proceeds to step S16.

In step S16, the control unit 100a processes the pan/tilt head setting information set in the pan/tilt head 50 by the operator, which is acquired in step S13, based on the pan/tilt head information acquired in step S15, to control another pan/tilt head 50. Generate setting information. Also in the case of the present embodiment, generation is performed in the same manner as in the first embodiment. When the setting information of the platform 50b is generated, the process proceeds to step S17.

In step S17, the control unit 100a delivers the setting information to the pan heads 50 other than the pan head 50 (the pan head 50a in the present embodiment) that is being operated. Specifically, in the present embodiment, the control unit 100a issues an instruction to the switching unit 40 via the communication unit 6 on the instruction line L12 so as to connect the operating unit 100 and the platform 50b. The switch selects the input 2 of SW4, and the control line L8 and the control line L10 are connected. Then, the process proceeds to step S18.

In step S18, the control unit 100a sets the setting information generated in step S16 for the pan heads 50 other than the pan head 50 that was being operated. In this embodiment, the pan head 50b is set. When the light source 60 of FIG. 2 is at the position of V5, the same value as 50a is set, and when it is at a position other than that, the value shown in FIG. 5 is set. Then, the process proceeds to step S19.

In step S19, the control unit 100a disconnects the operating device 100 from the platform 50, as in step S14. In this embodiment, an instruction is given to the switch 40 via the instruction line L12 so as to separate the operating device 100 from the platform 50b. Then, the switch 40 selects the input 1 of the SW4. The control line L8 and the control line L10 are not connected.

As described above, when the operator sets one pan/tilt head 50a using the operation device 100, the control unit 100a of the operation device 100 reads the setting information at the stage when the operation is finished and The setting information is generated and set in the camera platform 50b in consideration of information related to the camera platform 50a and the current state of the light source. In the present embodiment, the number of pan heads is two, but the processing does not change even if the number of pan heads is more than that, and the more the pan heads are, the more the operation performed by the operator can be simplified.

Also in the present embodiment, in the coordinated control of a plurality of pan heads, the operating device sucks the setting information from the pan head after the operation, processes the setting information in consideration of the mutual positional relationship between the pan heads, the light source, etc. By delivering to, it is possible to reduce the number of additional operations from subsequent operating devices, which has the effect of improving operability.

Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited to these embodiments, and various modifications and changes can be made within the scope of the gist thereof.

10 controller, 10a communication unit 1, 10b communication unit 2, 10c communication unit 3,
10d control unit, 10e communication unit 4, 10f storage unit, 20 operating device,
30 information server, 40 changer, 40a changeover switch section,
50 multiple heads grouped, 50a head, 50b head,
L1 switching device instruction line operation device ⇔ switching device,
L2 controller ⇔ controller communication line, L3 controller ⇔ information server communication line,
L4 controller ⇔ switching device instruction line, L5 operating device platform control signal line,
L6 controller platform control signal line, L7 platform 50a control signal line,
L8 pan head 50b control signal line, SW1 switch 40 switch,
SW2 switch 40 switch, 60 light source, 60a position,
60b position,
70 subject, vector from V1 platform 50a to subject 70,
Vector from V2 pan head 50b to subject 70,
V3 A vector from the position 60a of the light source 60 to the subject 70,
V4 A vector from the position 60b of the light source 60 to the subject 70,
V5 movement vector of the light source 60 to the subject 70,
θ1 The internal angle composed of V1 and V2,
θ2 The internal angle formed by V3 and V5,
θ3 An interior angle composed of V4 and V5,
100 operation device including controller,
100a control unit, 100b operation member, 100c communication unit 5,
100d communication unit 6, 100e communication unit 7, L10 operating device control signal line,
L11 controller ⇔ information server communication line,
L12 operation device ⇔ switching device instruction line, SW3 switching device 40 switch,
SW4 switch 40 switch

Claims (6)

A controller capable of remotely controlling a plurality of pan heads,
A communication means 1 for communicating with the controller,
A communication means 2 for communicating with an information server having environmental information,
Communication means 3 for communicating with the control line switch,
Storage means for storing a table for calculation,
Communication means 4 for communicating with the platform,
When the communication means 1 receives a notification that the operation device has finished controlling the platform,
Notifying the switching device of the connection with the platform that the operating device was controlling,
Obtain predetermined camera setting information from the platform,
Using the table obtained from the storage means, referring to the environment information, processing the camera setting information to generate camera setting information for each of the other camera platform, and a control unit for distributing to the plurality of camera platform,
A controller characterized by comprising. The controller according to claim 1, wherein the environment information includes at least one of time, season, and position of the sun. The controller according to claim 1, wherein the camera setting information includes at least one of pan, tilt, camera power supply, zoom, focus, aperture, shutter speed, gain, IS, AF, and shot. A controller capable of remotely controlling a plurality of pan heads,
A communication means 1 for communicating with the controller,
A communication means 2 for communicating with an information server having environmental information,
Communication means 3 for communicating with the control line switch,
Storage means for storing a table for calculation,
Communication means 4 for communicating with the platform,
When the communication means 1 receives a notification that the operation device has finished controlling the platform,
Notifying the switching device of the connection with the platform that the operating device was controlling,
Obtain predetermined camera setting information from the platform,
A program that uses a table obtained from the storage means to refer to the environment information, process the camera setting information, generate camera setting information for each of the other pan heads, and control distribution to a plurality of pan heads. The program according to claim 4, wherein the environment information includes at least one of time, season, and position of the sun. The program according to claim 4, wherein the camera setting information includes at least one of pan, tilt, camera power supply, zoom, focus, aperture, shutter speed, gain, IS, AF, and shot.