JP2020100992A - Bulkhead of drilling machine and drilling machine - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a bulkhead of a drilling machine, capable of enlarging or reducing an outer diameter at an optional ratio.SOLUTION: The present invention relate to a bulkhead of a drilling machine. The bulkhead is composed of a plurality of substantially fan-shaped bulkhead flaps 32, and the plurality of bulkhead flaps 32 are arranged side by side in the circumferential direction to form a substantially conical shape or a substantially truncated cone shape as a whole, so that an outer diameter can be enlarged or reduced at an optional ratio. Further, it is preferable that the outer diameter can be enlarged or reduced at the optional ratio by overlapping the adjacent partition flaps 32 each other and rotating them in a longitudinal direction of a tunnel.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 7

Description

The present invention relates to a partition wall of an excavator whose outer diameter can be expanded or contracted at an arbitrary ratio.

Conventionally, excavators including shield machines and propulsion machines have been used for excavating sewers, power cables, road tunnels, and the like. An excavator generally excavates while rotating a cutter head having a bit. Therefore, the excavated cross section is basically circular, and its outer diameter (excavation diameter) is also constant.

By the way, for example, it may be necessary to enlarge or reduce the cross section in the middle of a power cable cave or branch/junction of a water and sewer tunnel, a railway tunnel station, or an emergency parking zone of a road tunnel.

When the cross section is enlarged or reduced on the way, the outer diameter of the partition wall of the excavator needs to be enlarged or reduced as the excavation diameter is enlarged or reduced. Therefore, for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2 disclose a method of wrapping a partition wall in the tunnel crossing direction to reduce the effective area. Further, Patent Document 3 discloses a method of folding a partition wall to reduce the effective area.

JP-A-7-317490 JP, 2002-54384, A JP, 2005-163381, A

However, the partition walls of the excavator described in Patent Documents 1 to 3 are all methods of reducing the effective cross-sectional area while changing the cross-sectional shape, and the outer diameter can be enlarged or reduced at an arbitrary ratio. Was not.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a partition wall of an excavator whose outer diameter can be expanded or contracted at an arbitrary ratio, and an excavator.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the partition wall of the excavator of the first invention is composed of a plurality of substantially fan-shaped partition wall flaps, and the plurality of partition wall flaps are arranged side by side in the circumferential direction to form an overall structure. It is formed in a substantially conical shape or a substantially frusto-conical shape so that the outer diameter can be enlarged or reduced at an arbitrary ratio.

Further, the partition wall of the excavator according to the second aspect of the present invention allows the partition wall flaps to overlap each other in the circumferential direction and rotate in the front-rear direction so that the outer diameter can be enlarged or reduced at an arbitrary ratio. Is configured.

The partition wall flap of the partition wall of the excavator according to the third aspect of the invention is configured to be bendable in the circumferential direction along a bending line extending in the radial direction.

Further, the outer edge of the partition flap of the partition of the excavator of the fourth invention is folded back in a U shape so as to sandwich the outer edge of the adjacent partition flap.

Further, the plurality of partition wall flaps of the partition wall of the excavator of the fifth invention are composed of a foldable foldable flap and a non-foldable fixed flap, and the foldable flap is folded, and the foldable flap and By rotating the fixed flap in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel, the outer diameter can be enlarged or reduced at an arbitrary ratio.

Further, the excavator according to the sixth aspect of the present invention further includes an end flap that closes a gap generated at an outer edge of the folding flap when the folding flap is folded.

Further, the partition wall of the excavator of the seventh invention further comprises a disk-shaped center plate arranged near the center, and an end portion on the center side of the partition wall flap penetrates a flap ring provided on the partition wall flap. An annular center ring supported on the center plate, or a cylindrical shaft penetrating a flap ring formed on the partition flap and supported in a recess formed in the center plate, or the partition flap A cylindrical shape, a substantially hemispherical shape, a conical shape, or a truncated cone shape provided on the center plate, and a concave portion provided on the center plate into which the projection fits, or a cylindrical shape provided on the center plate, A hemispherical, conical, or frustoconical projection and a recess provided in the partition flap and into which the projection fits are rotatably supported on the center plate, and at least a part of the partition flap is The driving means connected to the end portion on the center side is rotated in the tunnel longitudinal direction.

Further, the excavator of the eighth invention is such that the cutting rotor configured to be capable of enlarging or reducing the excavation diameter at an arbitrary ratio, any of the partition walls described above, and the outer diameter being enlarged at an arbitrary ratio. And a steel shell configured to be contractible.

In the present invention, the phrase “outer diameter can be enlarged or reduced at an arbitrary ratio” means mainly from a first state (for example, a small diameter state) to a second state (for example, a large diameter state). It is intended that the size can be continuously changed to a similar shape while maintaining a predetermined shape. However, the case where the shape changes from the first state to the second state is not excluded, and it is of course possible to change the shape on the way. As a matter of course, the deformation from the first state to the second state may be an expansion deformation that widens the cross-sectional area or a reduction deformation that narrows the cross-sectional area.

As described above, the partition wall of the excavator of the first invention is composed of a plurality of substantially fan-shaped partition wall flaps, and by arranging the plurality of partition wall flaps side by side in the circumferential direction, the partition wall is substantially conical or substantially It is formed in a truncated cone shape so that the outer diameter can be enlarged or reduced at an arbitrary ratio. With such a configuration, the outer diameter can be enlarged or reduced at an arbitrary ratio.

That is, since the partition wall is composed of a plurality of partition wall flaps that are divided in the circumferential direction and is formed into a conical shape or a truncated cone shape as a whole, the partition wall flap itself does not change its shape, and the outer diameter can be increased. You can reduce it.

Further, the partition wall of the excavator according to the second aspect of the invention allows the partition wall flaps to be overlapped in the circumferential direction and rotated in the front-rear direction so that the outer diameter can be expanded or contracted at an arbitrary ratio. It is configured. According to this structure, the outer diameter can be continuously expanded or reduced at an arbitrary ratio with a simple structure by rotating the partition flaps and adjusting the width of overlapping the partition flaps. That is, the outer diameter of the partition wall can be gradually increased/decreased concentrically without changing the setup.

The partition flap of the partition of the excavator according to the third aspect of the invention is configured to be bendable in the circumferential direction along a bending line extending in the radial direction. According to this structure, a gap is unlikely to occur between the adjacent partition flaps.

Further, the outer edge of the partition flap of the partition of the excavator of the fourth invention is folded back in a U shape so as to sandwich the outer edge of the adjacent partition flap. According to this structure, by capturing the adjacent partition wall flaps in the vicinity of the outer edge, it becomes difficult to form a gap between the adjacent partition wall flaps.

The plurality of partition flaps of the partition of the excavator of the fifth invention are composed of a foldable foldable flap and a non-foldable fixed flap, and the foldable flap is folded and the foldable flap and the fixed flap are By rotating in the tunnel longitudinal direction, the outer diameter can be enlarged or reduced at an arbitrary ratio. According to this structure, the outer diameters of the folding flap and the fixed flap can be continuously expanded or reduced at an arbitrary ratio by rotating the fixed flap by the driving unit. That is, the outer diameter of the partition wall can be gradually increased/decreased concentrically without changing the setup. Furthermore, the gap between the adjacent partition flaps does not open.

The excavator according to the sixth aspect of the present invention further includes an end flap that closes a gap formed at an outer edge of the folding flap when the folding flap of the partition wall is folded. According to this structure, it is possible to prevent mud or soil from entering the excavator through the gap formed at the outer edge of the folding flap.

Further, the partition wall of the excavator of the seventh invention further comprises a disk-shaped center plate arranged near the center, and the center side end portion of the partition wall flap penetrates the flap ring provided in the partition wall flap. By an annular center ring supported by, or by a cylindrical shaft that penetrates a flap ring provided in the partition flap and is supported in a recess formed in the center plate, or a cylindrical shape provided in the partition flap, A substantially hemispherical, conical, or frusto-conical projection and a recess provided in the center plate into which the projection fits, or a cylindrical shape, a substantially hemispherical shape, a conical shape, or a frustoconical shape provided in the center plate. Is rotatably supported by the center plate by the projection of the partition wall and the recess provided in the partition wall flap, and at least a part of the partition wall flap is tunneled by the driving means connected to the end on the center side. It is designed to be rotated in the longitudinal direction. With this structure, the inclination angle of the partition wall flap can be adjusted to an arbitrary angle without disposing the driving unit on the chamber side (face side).

Further, the excavator of the eighth invention is such that the cutting rotor configured to be capable of enlarging or reducing the excavation diameter at an arbitrary ratio, any of the partition walls described above, and the outer diameter being enlarged at an arbitrary ratio. And a steel shell configured to be contractible. With such a configuration, the excavator can increase or reduce the outer diameter at an arbitrary ratio.

That is, in the case of the excavator of this embodiment, the work can be interrupted by using the three main elements that are also used during the normal excavation of the rotating body for cutting, the partition wall, and the steel shell as they are. Without it, the excavation diameter can be continuously expanded or reduced. Further, since each of the three elements is configured to be able to be expanded or contracted at any ratio, the excavation diameter can be expanded or contracted at any ratio.

In this way, since the excavator of this embodiment can expand or contract the excavation diameter at any time, even if the diameter varies depending on the section such as a long-distance sewer trunk line, the diameter can be enlarged at any time. , It becomes possible to reduce or excavate. Therefore, the excavator can be excavated by one excavator without preparing different excavators for each section, so that the cost can be reduced. Furthermore, the cost is reduced compared to excavation according to the maximum diameter, and the environmental load is also reduced by reducing the amount of soil generated.

It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the excavator in a state in which the excavation diameter is reduced. It is a cross-sectional view of the excavator with the excavation diameter reduced. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the excavator with the excavation diameter enlarged. It is a cross-sectional view of the excavator with the excavation diameter enlarged. FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a state of transformation of the cutting rotary body according to the first embodiment. (A) is the state of the minimum diameter, (b) is the state of the intermediate diameter, and (c) is the state of the maximum diameter. It is an explanatory view explaining a spoke piece and a spoke rod in detail. (A) is a state of maximum diameter, (b) is a state of intermediate diameter. 5 is an explanatory diagram of a state where the partition wall of Example 1 has a minimum diameter. FIG. (A) is a front view and (b) is a side view. 5 is an explanatory diagram of a state where the partition wall of Example 1 has a maximum diameter. FIG. (A) is a front view and (b) is a side view. It is explanatory drawing explaining the drive cylinder of a partition. It is explanatory drawing of the state of the minimum diameter of the steel shell of Example 1. (A) is a front view, (b) is a side view, (c) is a partially enlarged view. It is explanatory drawing of the state of the maximum diameter of the steel shell of Example 1. (A) is a front view, (b) is a side view, (c) is a partially enlarged view. It is explanatory drawing of the first half of the excavation construction method which expands an excavation diameter. It is explanatory drawing of the latter half of the excavation construction method which expands an excavation diameter. It is explanatory drawing of the first half of the excavation construction method which reduces the excavation diameter. It is explanatory drawing of the latter half of the excavation construction method which reduces an excavation diameter. 6 is a side view of a cutting rotary body of Example 2. FIG. (A) shows the state of the minimum diameter, and (b) shows the state of the maximum diameter. It is an explanatory view explaining a spoke piece and a spoke rod of Example 2 in detail. (A) is a state of maximum diameter, (b) is a state of intermediate diameter. It is explanatory drawing of the state of the minimum diameter of the partition of Example 3. (A) is a front view and (b) is a side view. It is explanatory drawing of the state of the maximum diameter of the partition of Example 3. (A) is a front view and (b) is a side view. It is explanatory drawing explaining the drive motor of a partition. It is an explanatory view explaining an end flap. (A) is a perspective view of the state of maximum diameter as seen from the face of the face, and (b) is a perspective view of the state of maximum diameter as seen from the wellhead side. (C) is a perspective view of the state of the intermediate diameter as seen from the face side, and (d) is a perspective view of the state of the intermediate diameter as seen from the wellhead side. (E) is a perspective view of the state of the minimum diameter seen from the face side, and (f) is a perspective view of the state of the minimum diameter seen from the wellhead side. It is explanatory drawing of the state of the minimum diameter of the steel shell of Example 4. (A) is a front view and (b) is a side view. It is explanatory drawing of the state of the maximum diameter of the steel shell of Example 4. (A) is a front view and (b) is a side view. It is explanatory drawing which shows the modification of the rotating mechanism of the partition flap of Example 5. (A) is an example using a center ring, (b) is an example using a shaft, (c) is an example in which a protrusion is provided on the partition flap side, and (d) is a protrusion on the center plate side. This is an example of setting.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In the following embodiments, a shield construction method including the shield machine 1 as an excavator will be described as an example, but the present invention is not limited to this.

In each of Examples 1 to 4, the basic configuration of the excavator (shield machine 1) and the excavation method will be described in Example 1, and the rotating body for cutting (cutter head 20) of another form will be described in Example 2. Then, the partition 30B of another form will be described in Example 3, and the steel shell 40 of another form will be described in Example 4.

<Structure>
(Overall structure of shield machine)
First, the overall configuration of the shield machine 1 as an excavator according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4. The shield machine 1 is composed of a generally cylindrical face-side front body portion 1A (hood portion and girder portion) and a wellhead-side rear body portion 1B (tail portion). The shield machine 1 according to the present embodiment is configured so that the excavation diameter can be enlarged or reduced at an arbitrary ratio, and the cutter head 20 as a cutting rotary body can be enlarged or reduced at an arbitrary ratio. And a steel shell 40 (40A, 40B) configured so that the outer diameter can be enlarged or reduced at an arbitrary ratio.

The cutter head 20 as a rotating body for cutting is supported by the center shaft 11, and is configured to rotate by rotationally driving the center shaft 11 by the cutter motor 12 (center support system). A mechanism for enlarging or reducing the excavation diameter of the cutter head 20 will be described later. Although not shown, the annular bearing may be configured to be rotationally driven (intermediate support system).

The partition wall 30 is installed between the hood portion (tip portion of the shield body) and the girder portion (intermediate portion of the shield body) in order to maintain the pressure of mud or muddy water for stabilizing the face. A mechanism for enlarging or reducing the outer diameter of the partition wall 30 will be described later.

The steel shell 40 constitutes the outer plate portion of the main body of the shield machine 1, prevents the inflow of soil and groundwater from the outside of the shield machine 1, and protects the internal device group and working space. The steel shell 40 is composed of a front steel shell 40A corresponding to the front trunk portion 1A and a rear steel shell 40B corresponding to the rear trunk portion 1B. A mechanism for enlarging or reducing the outer diameter of the steel shell 40 will be described later.

In addition to this, the shield machine 1 is, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, for carrying out the shield jack 13 for propelling the shield machine 1 in the cutting face direction, the erector 14 for assembling the segment into a predetermined shape, the curve construction and the posture control. It is provided with a group of devices such as a center folding jack 15 and a screw conveyor 16 which is an earth discharging device. Here, the center-breaking jack 15 is not necessary when making a straight line. Further, as the soil discharging device, the screw conveyor 16 is used in the case of the earth pressure type and the mud pressure type, but it is not limited to this, and in the case of the muddy type, the mud pipe (drain pipe) should be used. Can also

As described above, the shield machine 1 constructs a tunnel structure by excavating the natural ground using the device group. For example, in the case of the earth pressure type shield construction method, the earth and sand excavated by the cutter head 20 is filled between the face and the partition wall 30, an additive is injected if necessary, and the wall face is excavated while stabilizing the face by the earth pressure. The soil is discharged by the screw conveyer 16 which is installed through 30.

Then, the segment is assembled into a ring shape by the erector 14 while partially releasing the shield jack 13 (primary lining). Further, backfilling injection and, if necessary, secondary lining are performed to complete the tunnel structure.

The shield machine 1 as the excavator of the present embodiment is, as described below, a cutter head 20, a partition wall 30, and a steel shell 40, which are the main components of the shield machine 1, as a rotating body for cutting. , 3 are configured so that they can be enlarged or reduced at any ratio.

(Structure of cutting rotor)
Next, with reference to FIGS. 5A to 5C, 6</b>A and 6</b>B, the configuration of the cutter head 20 as the cutting rotary member of the present embodiment will be described. The cutter head 20 of the present embodiment has a plurality of bits 21 for cutting the natural ground, and is configured so that the excavation diameter can be enlarged or reduced at an arbitrary ratio.

That is, when expanding, the cutter head 20 has a plurality of spokes 23,... (See FIG. 4) rotatably attached to the boss portion 22 connected to the center shaft 11, in the face direction (spoke 23). The central shaft 11 is rotated so that the angle formed between the center shaft 11 and the center shaft 11 becomes large. Through FIG. 5B, it is possible to enlarge at an arbitrary ratio up to the most expanded linear state (FIG. 5C).

On the contrary, when shrinking, the cutter head 20 has a plurality of spokes 23,..., Which are rotatably attached to the boss portion 22 connected to the center shaft 11, in the direction of the wellhead (the spoke 23 and the center shaft 11). By being rotated so that the angle formed by () becomes smaller, the state is expanded from the most linear state (FIG. 5(c)) to the open V-shaped state (FIG. 5(b)). It is possible to reduce the V-shaped state which is the most reduced and closed (FIG. 5A) at an arbitrary ratio.

In the present embodiment, the plurality of spokes 23,... Are configured such that the base end side (inner side) attached to the center shaft 11 is the face side and the tip end side (outer side) is the wellhead side, As a whole, the center is formed in a V shape protruding toward the face of the face. That is, in this embodiment, the spokes 23 are inclined so that the inner peripheral side is excavated first.

Specifically, the cutter head 20 includes a center shaft 11 as a drive shaft installed at the center of rotation and four spokes 23 radially attached to a boss portion 22 at the tip of the center shaft 11. There are four spokes 23,... Which are rotatably attached to the boss portion 22, and four jacks 24, which change the rotation angle of the four spokes 23,. , Are provided. The number of spokes 23,... Is not limited to four, and may be six or eight, for example.

More specifically, the spokes 23 are rotatably attached to the boss portion 22 at their base end portions, and rotatably attached to the rod end of the jack 24 at their tip portions. Further, the head side of the jack 24 is attached to a ring member 25 arranged near the center of rotation. Then, by expanding and contracting the opposing jacks 24 evenly, the spokes 23 are rotated while canceling out the reaction forces.

(Bit configuration)
Next, the configuration of the bit 21 of this embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 5A to 5C, 6A, and 6B. The bit 21 of this embodiment includes a fish tail bit 21F installed on the boss 22 and a plurality of tooth bits 21T installed on the spokes 23. That is, each of the plurality of spokes 23,... Of the cutter head 20 is common to the plurality of spoke pieces 23P,.. The spoke rod 23R is inserted through the spoke rod 23R.

Then, the plurality of spoke pieces 23P of the present embodiment are configured so that the angle with respect to the spoke rod 23R can be changed. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 6A, each spoke piece 23P is formed to have a parallelogram cross section, and the spoke rod 23R is inserted into the through hole 23H. The side surface of the spoke piece 23P is obliquely divided with respect to the axial direction of the spoke rod 23R, and adjacent spoke pieces 23P are in contact with each other obliquely. More specifically, the angle of the side surface of the spoke piece 23P of the present embodiment is configured to incline from the outside (the side close to the face) to the rear, from the outside to the inside.

Further, a semi-cylindrical cushioning material 23G is sandwiched between each spoke piece 23P and the spoke rod 23R. That is, the spoke piece 23P is provided with a semicylindrical notch 23N continuous with the through hole 23H, and the semicylindrical cushioning material 23G is provided in the notch 23N. As a result, as shown in FIG. 6B, when the spoke rod 23R is pulled in obliquely, the cushioning member 23G rotates (rolls), so that the spoke piece 23P does not follow the inclination of the spoke rod 23R. In addition, the teeth bit 21T always faces the face. Therefore, even if the spokes 23 change the angle when the diameter is expanded or reduced, the tooth bit 21T always faces the face, so that the cutting efficiency is maintained.

(Structure of partition wall)
Next, a mechanism for enlarging or reducing the outer diameter of the partition wall 30 of this embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 7 to 9. For convenience of description, the drive cylinder 62 is shown in FIGS. 7 to 9 as the drive means, but may be the drive motor 61 as described later (see FIG. 20).

As shown in FIG. 7 and FIG. 8, the partition wall 30A is composed of a disk-shaped center plate 35 arranged in the center and a plurality of partition wall flaps 32 divided for each equal circumferential angle. It is assembled in a substantially conical shape or a substantially truncated cone shape (mortar shape) protruding rearward. Then, by adjoining the partition wall flaps 32, 32 that are adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction and rotating in the tunnel longitudinal direction, the outer diameter can be enlarged or reduced at an arbitrary ratio without leaving a gap. ing.

The partition flap 32 is formed as a substantially fan-shaped flat plate, and has a flap ring 32 a rotatably connected to the center end thereof via a center plate 35 and a center ring 31. Here, the term “substantially fan-shaped” is intended to mean a shape in which the center side of the fan is cut out in an arc shape. In addition to the substantially fan-shaped flat plate shape, each partition flap 32 is preferably formed as a curved surface (conical divided curved surface, conical piece) obtained by dividing a conical curved surface in the circumferential direction.

As shown in FIG. 9, a drive cylinder 62 for rotationally driving the partition flap 32 is attached to the flap ring 32a. That is, a link arm 63 is rotatably attached to the drive cylinder 62 via a long hole, and the link arm 63 is fixed to the flap ring 32 a of the partition flap 32. The center ring 31 is a shaft for rotating the partition flap 32, and if it functions as a shaft, it need not be continuous 360 degrees.

Therefore, when the drive cylinder 62 expands and contracts, the link arm 63 rotates up and down, and the partition flap 32 fixed to the link arm 63 rotates. Specifically, when the drive cylinder 62 is contracted, the partition flap 32 is rotated so as to open outward, and when the drive cylinder 62 is extended, the partition flap 32 is rotated so as to be closed inward.

Here, the case where 24 partition wall flaps 32 divided by 15 degrees are provided has been described, but the invention is not limited to this. The number of partition wall flaps 32 and the division angle may be arbitrary.

More specifically, the partition flap 32 of the present embodiment is divided into two parts on the left and right by an dividing line extending in the radial direction into an inner piece protruding inward and an outer piece protruding outward. The inner side piece and the outer side piece of the partition flap 32 are connected to each other by the hinge 32b so that they can be bent in the circumferential direction. Therefore, in this embodiment, the partition flap 32 is divided into 48 in the circumferential direction in order to further divide 24 sheets into two. This facilitates entry into the gap (groove) in the flap cap 33 (described later) of the adjacent partition flap 32.

The partition wall 30A is assumed to have a maximum enlargement ratio of 2 times in the radial direction, but the partition wall flap 32 is ½ of the side positioned inside when the partition wall flap 32 is contracted. With respect to the width, a flap cap 33 folded back in a U shape is formed at the outer end in the radial direction so that the adjacent partition flaps 32 (overlapping on the outer side) are wound. In other words, the vicinity of the outer edge portion of the inner piece protruding into the inside of each of the two partition wall flaps 32 is bent in a U shape so as to wrap the adjacent partition wall flaps 32.

In the state of the minimum diameter shown in FIGS. 7(a) and 7(b), the partition wall 30A is rotated by tilting toward the face while the adjacent partition flaps 32 partially overlap each other in the circumferential direction. The outer diameter is minimized. More specifically, in this state, the overlap between the adjacent partition wall flaps 32 is maximum, and the outer piece of the partition wall flap 32 divided into two parts overlaps with the inner piece of the adjacent partition wall flap 32 and is almost from the face side. It is not visible (Fig. 7(a)).

On the other hand, in the state where the partition wall 30A has the maximum diameter shown in FIGS. 8A and 8B, the partition wall flaps 32 stand up substantially vertically and form the same surface with almost no overlap between the adjacent partition wall flaps 32. Is maximized. More specifically, in this state, the overlap between adjacent partition wall flaps 32 is minimal, and the outer piece of the partition wall flap 32 divided into two is aligned with the inner piece of the adjacent partition wall flap 32 when viewed from the face side. Can be seen (Fig. 8(a)).

Then, in the state of the maximum diameter, the outer edge of the partition flap 32 comes into contact with the inner surface of the steel shell 40 substantially perpendicularly, so that the reaction force cannot be taken from the steel shell 40. Therefore, on the inner surface of the steel shell 40, a protrusion 45 is provided to support the outer edge of the partition flap 32 against the earth pressure from the back side, that is, the wellhead side. The protrusion 45 allows the outer edge of the partition flap 32 to receive a reaction force against the earth pressure from the back side, that is, the wellhead side even in the maximum diameter state, and prevents the partition flap 32 from falling to the back side. Is done. In this way, the partition wall 30A can expand or contract the outer diameter from the minimum diameter to the maximum diameter at an arbitrary ratio.

(Structure of steel shell)
Next, a mechanism for enlarging or reducing the outer diameter of the steel shell 40 of this embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 10 and 11. The steel shell 40 (40A, 40B) supports an annular center ring 41 arranged at the center, a plate piece 42 which is a plurality of cylindrical shell pieces divided at equal circumferential angles, and the plate piece 42. It is composed of a plurality of support jacks 43. On the plate piece 42, which is a cylindrical shell piece formed by dividing the cylinder into equal circumferential angles, a reinforcing ridge protruding inward in the circumferential direction is provided at a position where the support jack 43 is connected. Are formed. Therefore, a recess is formed on the back side of the plate piece 42. Then, the convex strip of the plate piece 42 adjacent to the concave strip on the back side is inserted.

In the transverse direction, the adjacent plate pieces 42 are supported by the post jacks 43 in a state of being overlapped with each other in the circumferential direction. That is, one end of the post jack 43 is rotatably supported by the plate piece 42, and the other end is rotatably supported by the center ring 41. Further, the plate pieces 42 are inclined from the direction directly facing the center of the cross section and overlapped with the adjacent plate pieces 42. More specifically, the plate pieces 42 are overlapped with each other while being inclined in the same direction with respect to the center of the cross section. For example, in FIG. 10 and FIG. 11, the plate pieces 42 are oriented in the same direction as a whole (in a clockwise direction) to swirl (clockwise).

Then, in the state where the steel shell 40 has the minimum diameter shown in FIG. 10, the support jacks 43 are contracted to maximize the overlap between the adjacent plate pieces 42, thereby minimizing the outer diameter. On the other hand, in the steel shell 40, in the state of the maximum diameter shown in FIG. 11, the support jacks 43 are extended, and the overlap between the adjacent plate pieces 42 is minimized (or zero, that is, the state of forming the same cylindrical surface). This maximizes the outer diameter. In this way, the outer diameter of the steel shell 40 can be expanded or reduced from the minimum diameter to the maximum diameter at an arbitrary ratio.

<Excavation method>
Next, a method of excavating the shield machine 1 as the excavator of this embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 12 to 15. First, the excavation method for increasing the excavation diameter will be described with reference to FIGS. 12 and 13, and then the excavation method for reducing the excavation diameter will be described with reference to FIGS. 14 and 15.

(Excavation method to increase the excavation diameter)
When enlarging the excavation diameter, as shown in FIG. 12(a), the ground around the planned cross-section change (enlargement) position is previously improved by the chemical injection method, the ground improvement method, the freezing method, etc. Keep it independent.

Next, as shown in FIG. 12B, the outer diameter of the cutter head 20 is enlarged while excavating the natural ground by rotating the cutter head 20 up to the position where the cross-section is to be changed. That is, by extending the jack 24, the spoke 23 is rotated in a direction in which the angle with the center shaft 11 is increased. At this time, the partition wall 30 and the steel shell 40 maintain the outer diameter before expansion.

Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 12C, the shield head 1 is dug by the length of the shield machine 1 with the outer diameter of the cutter head 20 being enlarged. That is, while rotating the cutter head 20 to excavate the natural ground, the shield jack 13 (and the erector 14) is driven to push the shield machine 1 forward. At this time, the partition wall 30 and the steel shell 40 maintain the outer diameter before expansion.

Further, as shown in FIG. 13(a), the shield machine 1 is forwardly excavated to a position where it can be expanded, and the load supporting shaft 51 is arranged at substantially the center of the lining or segment installed on the wellhead side. It is supported by grippers 52 that project in at least three directions. Then, the load supporting shaft 51 is caused to support the dead weight of the shield machine 1 (mainly the dead weight of the rear body portion 1B).

In addition, a supporting rod 53 as a supporting means is inserted into the ground on the side of the face, and the supporting rod 53 supports the dead weight of the shield machine 1 (mainly the dead weight of the front body portion 1A). That is, the support rod 53 is fixed to the boss portion 22 of the shield machine 1 and prevents the cutter head 20 from rotating so as to tilt backward due to the weight of the shield machine 1.

Further, the ground around the exposed segment of the shield machine 1 behind which is disturbed by excavation is improved so that it does not flow into the shield machine 1 when removing soil (see FIG. 13B described later). .. It is also possible to remove the ground in this portion and then expand the diameter before filling.

Next, as shown in FIG. 13(b), suction removal of the surrounding ground corresponding to the captain of the shield machine 1 with a hose extended from the inside of the chamber, or a hose extended from the inboard side and the inboard side Thus, a space where the steel shell 40 can expand is secured around the shield machine 1. Then, the self-weight of the shield machine 1 is in a state where both ends thereof are supported by the support rod 53, the load supporting shaft 51, and the gripper 52 in the space.

Finally, as shown in FIG. 13C, the outer diameter of the steel shell 40 is increased, and the outer diameter of the partition wall 30 is increased in synchronization with this. That is, by extending the support jacks 43 little by little and pushing the plate pieces 42 outwards little by little, the drive jacks (or drive motors) are gradually reduced in conjunction with this, thereby gradually dividing the partition flap 32. In the case of (c), raise it to the face side. Then, the load supporting shaft 51, the gripper 52, and the support rod 53 are housed, and the forward excavation is restarted in the state of the enlarged diameter.

Here, the case has been described where the diameter of the cutter head 20 is increased while being excavated, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the diameter can be increased while the excavation is stopped. In that case, it is preferable to attach a bit also to the side surface (outward surface) of the spoke piece 23P of the cutter head 20. If the diameter can be increased while the excavation is stopped in this manner, there is an advantage that the ground improvement of the ground around the exposed segment of the shield machine 1 can be omitted.

Further, although the example in which the cross-section is greatly changed has been described here, the present invention is not limited to this, and the cross-section can be continuously changed as described below, or the cross-section can be changed discontinuously in small steps. Can also

In the case of continuously changing the cross section, the diameter of the face end of the steel shell 40 of the shield machine 1 is increased by one machine length as compared with the end of the wellhead side, and the shield machine 1 uses the same. The cutter head 20, the partition wall 30, and the steel shell 40 can be continuously excavated while expanding the diameter at the same rate. When the expansion/contraction ratio is large, the diameter of the steel shell is greatly changed after excavation at the expansion start point and the expansion end point, so ground improvement may be necessary.

When changing the cross section in small increments, the shaft of the cutter head 20 of the shield machine 1 is expanded by a length corresponding to the length of the machine to be larger than the diameter of the steel shell 40, and the excavated earth and sand are pushed every time one segment is excavated. While expanding, the diameter of the steel shell 40 is expanded. In this case, the earth and sand on the back surface of the steel shell 40 must be removed by suction from the side surface of the steel shell 40 with a vacuum or the like unless it is pushed and spread during the diameter expansion. Further, since the steel shell 40 and the segment are separated from each other at the portion in contact with the ground at the rear end of the shield machine 1, it is necessary to improve the ground when the earth pressure cannot be suppressed by the tail seal.

(Excavation method to reduce the excavation diameter)
When reducing the excavation diameter, as shown in FIG. 14(a), the ground around the planned cross-section change (reduction) position is improved in advance by the chemical injection method, the ground improvement method, the freezing method, etc. Keep it independent.

Next, as shown in FIG. 14B, the shield head 1 is dug by the length of the shield machine 1 in a state where the outer diameter of the cutter head 20 is not reduced.

Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 14(c), the shield machine 1 is advanced to a position where it can be reduced, the load supporting shaft 51 and the gripper 52 are installed on the wellhead side, and the support rod 53 is projected on the face side. By inserting the shield machine 1, the weight of the shield machine 1 can be supported when the cross section is reduced.

Further, as shown in FIG. 15A, the cutter head 20 is rotationally excavated in a state where the weight of the shield machine 1 is supported by the support rod 53 on the face of the face, the load supporting shaft 51 and the gripper 52 on the wellhead side. The partition wall 30 and the steel shell 40 are reduced while supporting the earth pressure and water pressure on the face of the face.

Next, as shown in FIG. 15(b), the voids formed by reducing the steel shell 40 are filled with mud, fluidized soil, aerated mortar, etc. A lubricant or the like is injected so that the shield machine 1 can perform forward excavation.

Finally, as shown in FIG. 15C, the support rod 53 on the face of the face, the load supporting shaft 51 and the gripper 52 on the wellhead side are removed, and the forward excavation is restarted in the reduced diameter state.

Further, although the example in which the cross-section is greatly changed has been described here, the present invention is not limited to this, and the cross-section can be continuously changed as described below, or the cross-section can be changed discontinuously in small steps. Can also

When changing the cross-section continuously, the diameter of the face end of the steel shell 40 of the shield machine 1 is reduced by one machine length compared to the end of the wellhead side, and the shield machine 1 uses the same. The cutter head 20, the partition wall 30, and the steel shell 40 can be continuously excavated while reducing the diameter at the same rate. If the diameter reduction ratio is large, the diameter of the steel shell will change significantly after the excavation at the diameter reduction start point and the diameter reduction end point, so it may be necessary to improve the ground.

When the cross-section is changed in small steps, the diameter of the steel shell 40 is reduced every time one segment is excavated, and the voids in the natural ground generated during the diameter reduction are filled with excavated soil or backfill material. In this case, it is necessary to improve the ground depending on the ground strength.

<Another form of cutting rotor>
Next, with reference to FIGS. 16 and 17, a cutter head 20 as a cutting rotary body of a different form from the first embodiment will be described. Note that the same or equivalent portions as those described in the first embodiment will be described with the same reference numerals.

First, the configuration of the cutter head 20 as the cutting rotary member of the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 16(a) and 16(b). The cutter head 20 of the present embodiment has a plurality of bits 21 (21T, 21F) for cutting the natural ground, and is configured so that the excavation diameter can be enlarged or reduced at an arbitrary ratio.

That is, the cutter head 20 has an arbitrary ratio from the most contracted closed inverted V-shaped state (FIG. 16A) to the most expanded linear state (FIG. 16B). It is expandable. On the contrary, the cutter head 20 shrinks at an arbitrary ratio from the most expanded linear state (FIG. 16B) to the most contracted closed inverted V-shaped state (FIG. 16A). It is possible.

Further, in the present embodiment, the plurality of spokes 23,... Are configured such that the base end side (inner side) attached to the center shaft 11 is the wellhead side and the tip end side (outer side) is the face side. As a whole, the center is formed in an inverted V shape protruding toward the wellhead side. That is, in this embodiment, the spokes 23 are inclined so that the outer peripheral side is excavated first.

Specifically, the cutter head 20 is attached to a center shaft 11 as a drive shaft installed at the center of rotation, a boss portion 22 fixed to the tip of the center shaft 11, and a cross shape penetrating the boss portion 22. Two sets (4) of spokes 23,..., which are slidably attached to the boss portion 22, and two sets (4) of spokes 23. , Two sets (4) of jacks 24,... Which change the rotation angle of the spokes 23,. The number of spokes 23,..., Jacks 24,... is not limited to two sets (four), but may be three sets (six) or four sets (eight), for example. Good.

More specifically, as shown in FIG. 16B (A-A), the boss 22 has a cross-shaped cut through which two pairs of spokes 23 (spoke rods 23R),. A notch is formed. Two notches through which the two sets of spokes 23,... Penetrate are formed so as to be offset in the front-rear direction so that the vertical and horizontal spokes 23,. Further, the spoke 23 has a free end at its tip and a base end extending through the boss 22 to the wellhead side. A pair of facing spokes 23 intersect in the boss portion 22, and a cross section of the intersecting portion is divided into a plurality of portions so as to cross each other in an alternating manner.

The rear end side (center side) of the spoke 23 is bent in an L shape so as to prevent interference with the spokes 23 facing each other. That is, the end of the spoke 23 on the wellhead side is rotatably connected to the link 26, and the ends of the pair of facing links 26, 26 are connected to each other via the central link 27. That is, a pentagonal link mechanism is formed by the spokes 23, 23, the links 26, 26, and the center link 27, and the width in the tunnel longitudinal direction is suppressed to prevent interference.

The rod side of the two jacks 24 is connected to the boss portion 22 so that the boss portion 22 is pushed out toward the face. On the other hand, the cylinder side of the two jacks 24 is attached to a ring member 25 arranged near the center of rotation. Therefore, by extending the jack 24, the angle formed by the two spokes 23, 23 is opened and the outer diameter of the cutter head 20 is increased, and by contracting the jack 24, the angle formed by the two spokes 23, 23 is closed and the cutter head 20 is closed. The outer diameter of 20 becomes smaller.

Next, the configuration of the bit 21 of this embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 17(a) and 17(b). The plurality of spoke pieces 23P of the present embodiment are configured so that the angle with respect to the spoke rod 23R can be changed. Specifically, each spoke piece 23P is formed to have a parallelogram cross section, and the spoke rod 23R is inserted into the through hole 23H. The side surface of the spoke piece 23P is obliquely divided with respect to the axial direction of the spoke rod 23R, and adjacent spoke pieces 23P are in contact with each other obliquely. More specifically, the angle of the side surface of the spoke piece 23P of the present embodiment is configured to incline from the inner side to the outer side from the front (the side close to the face) to the rear.

Note that the other configurations are substantially the same as those in the first embodiment, and thus the description thereof is omitted.

<Different form of partition wall>
Next, a partition 30B having a different form from that of the first embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. Note that the same or equivalent portions as those described in the first embodiment will be described with the same reference numerals.

As shown in FIGS. 18 and 19, the U-shaped partition wall 30B includes a disk-shaped center plate 35 disposed in the center, a fixed flap 36 that is a plurality of partition flaps divided at equal circumferential angles, and It is composed of a plurality of folding flaps 37, and has a substantially conical shape or a general truncated cone shape (mortar shape) whose center projects toward the wellhead side as a whole. Then, the folding flap 37 is folded, and the folding flap 37 and the fixed flap 36 are rotated in the tunnel longitudinal direction, so that the outer diameter can be enlarged or reduced at an arbitrary ratio.

That is, the partition wall 30B is provided with the fixed flaps 36 and the folding flaps 37 alternately in the circumferential direction. Among them, the fixed flap 36 is formed in a substantially fan shape, and has a flap ring 32a rotatably connected to the center plate 35 at the end portion on the center side. Here, the term “substantially fan-shaped” is intended to mean a shape in which the center side of the fan is cut out in an arc shape. The fixed flaps 36 and the folding flaps 37 are preferably formed into a curved surface (conical divided curved surface, conical piece) obtained by dividing a conical curved surface in the circumferential direction, in addition to the substantially fan-shaped flat plate shape.

A drive motor 61 for rotationally driving the fixed flap 36 and the folding flap 37 is attached to the center plate 35. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 20, a worm gear 61a is attached to the drive motor 61, and a (wheel) gear 36b is attached to an orthogonal shaft (a staggered shaft) on the outer periphery of the flap ring 32a. Has been.

Then, by rotating the drive motor 61, the worm gear 61a rotates together with the drive motor 61, so that the flap ring 32a and the fixed flap 36 rotate together with the gear 36b. For example, when the drive motor 61 is normally rotated, the fixed flap 36 is rotated so as to open outward, and when the drive motor 61 is reversely rotated, the fixed flap 36 is rotated so as to be closed inward. ..

On the other hand, the folding flap 37 is configured to be further folded in two near the center along the radial fold line. Further, the bent line portion in the radial direction and the connection portion between the fixed flaps 36, 36 on both sides are rotatably connected by a hinge. Therefore, the folding flap 37 is rotated together with the fixed flap 36 in the tunnel longitudinal direction by rotating the fixed flap 36 in the tunnel longitudinal direction. In this way, the fixed flap 36 and the folding flap 37 can be rotated in the tunnel longitudinal direction while being folded. Further, the folding flap 37 has an end flap 38 attached to the outermost edge near the steel shell 40 in order to close the gap in the folded state, as described later.

In the present embodiment, the case where the fixing flaps 36 and the folding flaps 37, which are divided by 15 degrees each by 24 sheets, are provided has been described, but the present invention is not limited to this. The number of the fixed flaps 36 and the folding flaps 37 and the division angle may be arbitrary.

In the state where the partition wall 30B has the minimum diameter shown in FIGS. 18A and 18B, the folding flap 37 and the fixed flap 36 are rotated in the forward direction while the adjacent folding flaps 37 are folded in two. The outer diameter is minimized. More specifically, in this state, the folding flap 37 is completely folded in half, and the angle formed with the center plate 35 is close to 90 degrees (see also FIG. 21E).

On the other hand, in the state where the partition wall 30B has the maximum diameter shown in FIGS. 19A and 19B, the outer diameter is maximized by forming the folding flap 37 on the same surface as the fixed flap 36 without being folded. There is. More specifically, in this state, the folding flap 37 is completely flattened out, and the angle formed with the center plate 35 is close to 0 degrees, and the folding flaps 37 are substantially flush with each other. In this way, the U-shaped partition wall 30B can expand or contract the outer diameter from the minimum diameter to the maximum diameter at an arbitrary ratio (see also FIG. 21A).

Here, with reference to FIGS. 21A to 21F, the manner in which the partition wall 30B changes from the maximum diameter state to the minimum diameter state will be described using a perspective view. The partition wall 30B is shown in FIGS. 21(e) and 21(f) through the state of the maximum diameter shown in FIGS. 21(a) and 21(b) through the state of the intermediate diameter shown in FIGS. 21(c) and 21(d). It changes to the state of the minimum diameter. 21(a)(b)-(c)(d)-(e)(f), the outer diameter becomes smaller, and the fixing flap 36 and the folding flap 37 fall inward to form an angle with the center plate 35. You can see that is getting bigger.

Then, in the state of the intermediate diameter, it can be seen that a triangular gap is formed at the outermost edge of the folding flap 37 (see FIG. 21(d)). When such a gap is created, the earth and sand flow into the shield machine 1 from the face side. Therefore, in order to close the gap of the triangle, an end flap 38 is attached to the outermost edge of the folding flap 37 at a right angle to the folding flap 37. The end flap 38 is a pentagonal plate in which the vicinity of the base angle of an isosceles right triangle is cut off. It is preferable that a fitting groove into which a protrusion protruding from the outermost edge of the folding flap 37 is fitted is formed on the inner surface of the end flap 38 to connect the both. In addition, the end flap 38 can be fixed to the fixed flap 36.

Note that the other configurations are substantially the same as those in the first embodiment, and thus the description thereof is omitted.

<Another form of steel shell>
Hereinafter, with reference to FIG. 22 and FIG. 23, a steel shell 40 having a different form from the first embodiment will be described. Note that the same or equivalent portions as those described in the first embodiment will be described with the same reference numerals.

First, the structure of the steel shell 40 of the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 22 and 23. 22(a) and 23(a), the overlapping of the steel shells 40 is omitted. Since the configuration in the transverse direction is substantially the same as that of the first embodiment, description thereof will be omitted, and only the configuration in the longitudinal direction will be described.

In this embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 22 and 23, the plate piece 42 as a cylindrical shell piece supports the first support jack 431 that supports the face of the face and the wellhead side, as in the first embodiment. The second support jacks 432. Further, in the present embodiment, unlike the first embodiment, the first support jack 431 and the second support jack 432 are connected to each other by the third support jack 433 in the longitudinal direction. That is, the face ring side center ring 41F and the wellhead side center ring 41R are connected by the third support jack 433 arranged along the tunnel longitudinal direction.

More specifically, one end of the first support jack 431 is connected to the face side of the plate piece 42, and the other end is connected to the face-side center ring 41F. Similarly, one end of the second support jack 432 is connected to the wellhead side of the plate piece 42, and the other end is connected to the wellhead side center ring 41R. The center face 41F on the face side and the center ring 41R on the wellhead side are connected to each other by the third support jack 433.

Then, in the state where the steel shell 40 has the minimum diameter shown in FIG. 22, the first support jack 431, the second support jack 432, and the third support jack 433 are contracted, and the overlap between the adjacent plate pieces 42 is maximum. Therefore, the outer diameter is minimized. That is, the diameter is reduced in the radial direction by the first support jack 431 and the second support jack 432, and is further reduced in the radial direction by being deformed in the longitudinal direction by the third support jack 433.

On the other hand, in the steel shell 40, in the state of the maximum diameter shown in FIG. 23, the first support jack 431, the second support jack 432, and the third support jack 433 are extended, and the overlap between the adjacent plate pieces 42 is minimum. Therefore, the outer diameter is maximized (or zero, that is, the same cylindrical surface is formed). That is, the diameter is expanded in the radial direction by the first support jack 431 and the second support jack 432, and the diameter is also expanded in the vertical direction by the third support jack 433. In this way, the outer diameter of the steel shell 40 can be expanded or reduced from the minimum diameter to the maximum diameter at an arbitrary ratio.

Further, in the present embodiment, the case where the third support jack 433 is provided has been described, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the third support jack 433 may be omitted. In that case, three or more jack groups are connected. It is possible to Further, even when the third support jack 433 is provided, it is possible to connect three or more by electrically controlling each jack.

Note that the other configurations are substantially the same as those in the first embodiment, and thus the description thereof is omitted.

<Modification of the rotation mechanism on the center side of the partition flap>
Hereinafter, a modified example of the rotation mechanism on the center side of the partition flap 32 will be described with reference to FIGS. Note that the same or equivalent portions as those described in the first embodiment will be described with the same reference numerals.

As shown in FIGS. 24A to 24D, the center end of the partition flap 32 of this embodiment is rotatably supported by the center plate 35 via various rotation mechanisms. .. At least a part of the partition flaps 32 is rotated in the tunnel longitudinal direction by the driving means connected to the end portion on the center side. Hereinafter, each rotation mechanism which is a modification will be described.

In the modified example shown in FIG. 24( a ), the center end of the partition flap 32 is centered by an annular center ring 31 penetrating a flap ring 32 a provided on the partition flap 32 and supported by a center plate 35. The plate 35 is rotatably supported.

In the modification shown in FIG. 24B, the end portion of the partition wall flap 32 on the center side penetrates through the flap ring 32 a provided on the partition wall flap 32 and is supported by the recess 351 formed in the center plate 35. The shaft 352 rotatably supports the center plate 35.

In the modified example shown in FIG. 24C, the end portion of the partition flap 32 on the center side has a columnar shape, a substantially hemispherical shape, a conical shape, or a truncated conical projection 321 provided on the partition flap 32 and a center plate 35. The center plate 35 is rotatably supported by the recessed portion 353 which is provided and in which the protrusion 321 is fitted.

In the modification shown in FIG. 24( d ), the end portion of the partition flap 32 on the center side has a columnar shape, a substantially hemispherical shape, a conical shape, or a truncated cone shape projection 354 provided on the center plate 35, and the partition wall flap 32. The center plate 35 is rotatably supported by the recess 322 provided with the protrusion 354.

Note that the other configurations are substantially the same as those in the first embodiment, and thus the description thereof is omitted.

Although the embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail above with reference to the drawings, the specific configuration is not limited to this embodiment, and any design change that does not depart from the gist of the present invention can be applied to the present invention. included.

For example, in the embodiment, the case where the outer edge portion of the partition wall 30 has a mortar shape in which the outer edge portion is on the face side and the central portion is on the wellhead side to reduce the projected area has been described, but the invention is not limited thereto and the outer edge portion of the partition wall is May have a cone shape in which the rear portion is at the rear and the central portion is at the front.

Further, in the embodiment, the case where the support rod 53 as the supporting means that is inserted into the natural ground is inserted into the natural ground in front of the boss portion 22 has been described, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the steel shell It may be inserted into the surrounding ground through a hole provided in 40. In this case, the supporting means may be a rod-shaped or plate-shaped one, or a sled-shaped one.

Further, in the embodiment, an example in which the excavation diameter is discontinuously enlarged or reduced in one step in the excavation method has been described, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the excavation diameter is gradually increased step by step such as 5 steps. Increasing or decreasing (increase/decrease) is also preferable. Further, it is possible to reduce the excavation diameter and then reduce it.

In addition, the tunnel structure constructed by the shield machine 1 as the excavator of the present embodiment may be of any type. For example, pass vehicles, pedestrians, trains, electric wires, gas pipes, tap water, rainwater, sewage, etc. safely and appropriately according to the purpose of use such as roads, railways, electric power, communications, gas, water and sewerage, underground rivers, etc. be able to.

1: Shield machine (excavator)
1A: Front body part 1B: Rear body part 11: Center shaft 12: Cutter motor 13: Shield jack 14: Electa 15: Middle folding jack 16: Screw conveyor 20: Cutter head (rotating body for cutting)
21: Bit 21F: Fish tail bit 21T: Teeth bit 22: Boss 23: Spoke 23G: Buffer 23H: Through hole 23N: Notch 23P: Spoke piece 23R: Spoke rod 24: Jack 25: Ring member 26: Link 27 : Central link 28: Expansion rod 30: Partition wall 30A: Partition wall 30B: Partition wall 31: Center ring 32: Partition wall flap 321: Projection 322: Recessed part 32a: Flap ring 32b: Hinge 33: Flap cap 35: Center plate 351: Recessed part 352: Shaft 353: Recess 354: Protrusion 36: Fixed flap 36b: Gear 37: Folding flap 38: End flap 40: Steel shell 40A: Front steel shell 40B: Rear steel shell 41: Center ring 41F: Face face side center ring 41R: Wellhead Side center ring 42: Plate piece (cylindrical shell piece)
43: prop jack 431: first prop jack 432: second prop jack 433: third prop jack 45: protrusion 51: load supporting shaft 52: gripper 53: support rod 61: drive motor 61a: worm gear 62: drive cylinder 63 : Link arm

Claims (8)

The bulkhead of the excavator,
Composed of multiple fan-shaped partition flaps,
An excavator, which is formed in a substantially conical shape or a substantially truncated conical shape as a whole by arranging the plurality of partition wall flaps side by side in the circumferential direction so that the outer diameter can be enlarged or reduced at an arbitrary ratio. Partition wall. The outer diameter can be enlarged or reduced at an arbitrary ratio by overlapping the adjacent partition wall flaps in the circumferential direction and rotating them in the front-rear direction. Excavator bulkhead. The partition wall of the excavator according to claim 2, wherein the partition wall flap is configured to be bendable in a circumferential direction along a bending line extending in a radial direction. The partition wall of the excavator according to claim 2 or 3, wherein an outer edge of the partition wall flap is folded back in a U shape so as to sandwich the outer edge of the adjacent partition wall flap. The plurality of partition flaps are composed of a foldable foldable flap and a non-foldable fixed flap,
The outer diameter can be enlarged or reduced at an arbitrary ratio by folding the folding flap and rotating the folding flap and the fixed flap in a tunnel longitudinal direction. Excavator bulkhead. The partition wall of the excavator according to claim 5, further comprising an end flap that closes a gap generated at an outer edge of the folding flap when the folding flap is folded. Further provided with a disk-shaped center plate arranged near the center,
The center end of the partition flap is
By an annular center ring that passes through a flap ring provided on the partition flap and is supported by the center plate, or
By a cylindrical shaft penetrating a flap ring provided in the partition flap and supported in a recess formed in the center plate, or
A cylindrical shape, a substantially hemispherical shape, a conical shape, or a truncated cone-shaped protrusion provided on the partition wall flap, and a concave portion provided on the center plate where the protrusion is fitted together, or
By a columnar shape, a substantially hemispherical shape, a conical shape, or a truncated cone-shaped projection provided on the center plate, and a concave portion provided on the partition wall flap and having the projection fitted together,
The center plate is rotatably supported,
7. The partition wall flap according to claim 1, wherein at least a part of the partition wall flap is configured to be rotated in a tunnel longitudinal direction by a driving unit connected to the end portion on the center side. Excavator bulkhead. A rotating body for cutting configured to be able to expand or reduce the excavation diameter at an arbitrary ratio,
A partition wall according to any one of claims 1 to 7,
An excavator, comprising: a steel shell configured so that the outer diameter can be expanded or reduced at an arbitrary ratio.