JP2020097027A - centrifuge - Google Patents
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- JP2020097027A JP2020097027A JP2019205102A JP2019205102A JP2020097027A JP 2020097027 A JP2020097027 A JP 2020097027A JP 2019205102 A JP2019205102 A JP 2019205102A JP 2019205102 A JP2019205102 A JP 2019205102A JP 2020097027 A JP2020097027 A JP 2020097027A
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Abstract
Description
本発明は遠心分離機に関し、搬送性および脱水性能を向上させる技術に係るものである。 The present invention relates to a centrifuge, and relates to a technique for improving transportability and dehydration performance.
従来、例えば下水処理過程で発生する汚泥を処理する装置として、遠心脱水機や遠心濃縮機等の遠心分離機がある。 Conventionally, as an apparatus for treating sludge generated in a sewage treatment process, for example, there are centrifugal separators such as centrifugal dehydrators and centrifugal concentrators.
遠心脱水機は、汚泥を高速回転させることで、汚泥分と水分を比重差によって分離し、脱水するものであり、例えば特許文献１に記載するものがある。 The centrifugal dehydrator is a device for separating sludge and water by specific gravity difference by rotating the sludge at a high speed, and dehydrating the sludge. For example, there is one described in Patent Document 1.
これは図２に示すものであり、遠心脱水機１００は、主構造部材１０１の上に配置する脱水本体部１０４を軸受け部１０５ａ、１０５ｂで支持している。 This is shown in FIG. 2, and the centrifugal dehydrator 100 supports the dehydration main body 104 arranged on the main structural member 101 by bearings 105a and 105b.
脱水本体部１０４は、円筒直胴状のボウル１０６とボウル１０６の内部に配置する内胴１０７とを同心状に有し、軸受け部１０５ａ、１０５ｂがボウル１０６の回転軸心方向の両端の回転軸部１０６ａ、１０６ｂを回転可能に支持し、ボウル１０６が内胴１０７の回転軸心方向の両端の回転軸部１０７ａ、１０７ｂを回転可能に支持しており、同心状に配置されたボウル１０６と内胴１０７は同じ回転軸心廻りに回転可能である。 The dehydration main body 104 has a cylindrical straight bowl-shaped bowl 106 and an inner barrel 107 arranged inside the bowl 106 in a concentric manner, and the bearing portions 105 a and 105 b have rotation shafts at both ends in the rotation axis center direction of the bowl 106. The portions 106a and 106b are rotatably supported, and the bowl 106 rotatably supports the rotation shaft portions 107a and 107b at both ends in the rotation axis direction of the inner case 107, and the bowl 106 and the bowl 106 arranged concentrically. The body 107 is rotatable about the same axis of rotation.
内胴１０７は内胴外周に回転軸心の周りに螺旋状に設けた羽根１０８を有してスクリューコンベア１０９を構成している。 The inner body 107 has a blade 108 spirally provided around the rotation axis on the outer circumference of the inner body to form a screw conveyor 109.
ボウル１０６は回転軸心方向の一端側が主として分離した水分の分離液Ｗが滞留する分離液領域部１１０を形成しており、回転軸心方向の他端側が主として分離した汚泥分の脱水ケーキＫを移送する脱水ケーキ領域部１１１を形成している。ボウル１０６の回転軸心方向の一端側の端部壁１１０ａには複数の分離液排出口１１２が回転軸心から等距離の位置に、かつ回転軸心廻りに所定間隔で配置されている。 The bowl 106 forms a separated liquid region 110 in which one end side in the rotation axis direction mainly retains the separated liquid W of the separated water, and the other end side in the rotation axis direction stores the dehydrated cake K of sludge mainly separated. A dehydrated cake area portion 111 to be transferred is formed. A plurality of separated liquid discharge ports 112 are arranged at positions equidistant from the rotation axis and at predetermined intervals around the rotation axis on an end wall 110a on one end side of the bowl 106 in the rotation axis direction.
各分離液排出口１１２にはダムプレート（堰板）１１２ａが各分離液排出口の開口の一部を覆って装着されている。ダムプレート１１２ａは、ボウル１０６のボウル径方向における位置を調整することにより、ボウル１０６における分離液Ｗの上限水位となる分離液排出口１１２での堰高さを設定する。ボウル１０６の回転軸心方向の他端側の周壁には複数の脱水ケーキ排出口１１３が回転軸心を中心とする放射状の位置に、かつ回転軸心廻りに所定間隔で配置されている。 A dam plate (a dam plate) 112a is attached to each separated liquid discharge port 112 so as to cover a part of the opening of each separated liquid discharge port. The dam plate 112a adjusts the position of the bowl 106 in the bowl radial direction to set the weir height at the separated liquid discharge port 112 that is the upper limit water level of the separated liquid W in the bowl 106. On the peripheral wall of the bowl 106 on the other end side in the direction of the rotation axis, a plurality of dehydrated cake discharge ports 113 are arranged at radial positions around the rotation axis and at predetermined intervals around the rotation axis.
内胴１０７はボウル１０６の他端側に対応する部位がボウル１０６の他端に近づくほどに内胴外径がテーパ状に拡大する拡径部をなし、内胴１０７とボウル１０６の間の脱水ケーキ領域部１１１がボウル１０６の他端に近づくほどに狭くなり、内胴１０７の他端外周面とボウル１０６の他端内周面との間の隘路１０６ｃが脱水ケーキ領域部１１１と脱水ケーキ排出口１１３を連通している。 The inner barrel 107 has a diameter-expanded portion in which the outer diameter of the inner barrel is tapered so that the portion corresponding to the other end of the bowl 106 approaches the other end of the bowl 106, and the dehydration between the inner barrel 107 and the bowl 106 is formed. The cake area portion 111 becomes narrower as it approaches the other end of the bowl 106, and the bottleneck 106c between the outer peripheral surface at the other end of the inner barrel 107 and the inner peripheral surface at the other end of the bowl 106 forms a dehydrated cake area portion 111 and a drained cake. It communicates with the outlet 113.
脱水本体部１０４は、内胴１０７がボウル１０６に対して所定の差速で回転し、スクリューコンベア１０９がボウル１０６の内周面上で脱水ケーキＫをボウル１０６の他端側に向けて移送し、脱水ケーキＫが脱水ケーキ領域部１１１から隘路１０６ｃを通して脱水ケーキ排出口１１３に押し出される。 In the dehydration main body 104, the inner body 107 rotates at a predetermined differential speed with respect to the bowl 106, and the screw conveyor 109 transfers the dehydrated cake K toward the other end side of the bowl 106 on the inner peripheral surface of the bowl 106. The dehydrated cake K is extruded from the dehydrated cake area portion 111 to the dehydrated cake discharge port 113 through the bottleneck 106c.
脱水本体部１０４を覆って配置するハウジング１１４は主構造部材１０１に固定してあり、分離液領域部１１０の分離液排出口１１２を囲む部位に下方に向けて開口する分離液放出口１１５を有し、脱水ケーキ領域部１１１の脱水ケーキ排出口１１３を囲む部位に下方に向けて開口する脱水ケーキ放出口１１６を有している。 The housing 114 arranged to cover the dehydration main body 104 is fixed to the main structural member 101, and has a separation liquid discharge port 115 that opens downward at a portion of the separation liquid region 110 surrounding the separation liquid discharge port 112. In addition, a dehydration cake discharge port 116 that opens downward is provided at a portion of the dehydration cake area portion 111 that surrounds the dehydration cake discharge port 113.
軸受け部１０５ｂで支持された脱水ケーキ領域部１１１の側の回転軸部１０６ｂおよび回転軸部１０６ｂを貫通する内胴１０７の回転軸１０７ｂには差速装置として油圧モータ１１８を接続し、油圧モータ１１８に駆動源の駆動モータや油圧ポンプ（図示せず）が連結されている。 A hydraulic motor 118 is connected as a differential speed device to the rotary shaft portion 106b on the side of the dehydrated cake region portion 111 supported by the bearing portion 105b and the rotary shaft 107b of the inner barrel 107 penetrating the rotary shaft portion 106b, and the hydraulic motor 118 is connected. A drive motor of a drive source and a hydraulic pump (not shown) are connected to.
汚泥供給管１２０は、軸受け部１０５ａで支持された分離液領域部１１０の側の回転軸部１０６ａを貫通して内胴１０７の内部に挿入されており、先端開口１２０ａが内胴１０７の汚泥投入部１２１の壁面に対向している。薬剤供給管１２２は、汚泥供給管１２０の内部に挿入されており、先端開口１２２ａが内胴１０７の汚泥投入部１２１の壁面に対向している。 The sludge supply pipe 120 is inserted into the inside of the inner case 107 by penetrating the rotary shaft 106a on the side of the separated liquid region 110 supported by the bearing 105a, and the tip opening 120a is inserted into the inside case 107. It faces the wall surface of the part 121. The chemical supply pipe 122 is inserted inside the sludge supply pipe 120, and the front end opening 122a faces the wall surface of the sludge introducing portion 121 of the inner case 107.
内胴１０７の汚泥投入部１２１の周壁には分離液領域部１１０の内部に向けて開口する複数の汚泥投入口１２１ａが回転軸心を中心とする放射状の位置に、かつ回転軸心廻りに所定間隔で配置されている。 A plurality of sludge inlets 121a, which open toward the inside of the separated liquid region 110, are provided on the peripheral wall of the sludge inlet 121 of the inner shell 107 at radial positions around the rotation axis and around the rotation axis. It is arranged at intervals.
この構成では、原汚泥Ｓを汚泥供給管１２０を通して高速回転する内胴１０７の汚泥投入部１２１に供給するとともに、高分子凝集剤Ｃを薬剤供給管１２２を通して高速回転する内胴１０７の汚泥投入部１２１に供給して混合し、原汚泥Ｓと高分子凝集剤Ｃの混合汚泥を汚泥投入部１２１の汚泥投入口１２１ａから高速回転するボウル１０６の内部に投入する。 In this configuration, the raw sludge S is supplied through the sludge supply pipe 120 to the sludge input part 121 of the inner cylinder 107 that rotates at high speed, and the polymer coagulant C is supplied through the chemical supply pipe 122 and the sludge input part of the inner cylinder 107 that rotates at high speed. It is supplied to 121 and mixed, and the mixed sludge of the raw sludge S and the polymer flocculant C is thrown into the inside of the bowl 106 which rotates at high speed from the sludge throwing port 121a of the sludge throwing part 121.
ボウル１０６の内部で凝集した汚泥フロックＦを含む混合汚泥は、遠心力により分離液Ｗと脱水ケーキＫとに固液分離される。ボウル１０６と回転数差（差速）をもつスクリューコンベア１０９が脱水ケーキＫを脱水ケーキ領域部１１１に移送し、脱水ケーキＫは脱水ケーキ領域部１１１を移動する間に含水率がさらに低下し、脱水ケーキ排出口１１３からハウジング１１４の内部に排出され、脱水ケーキ放出口１１６から機外へ放出される。 The mixed sludge containing the sludge flocs F aggregated inside the bowl 106 is solid-liquid separated into the separated liquid W and the dehydrated cake K by centrifugal force. The screw conveyor 109 having a rotational speed difference (differential speed) from the bowl 106 transfers the dehydrated cake K to the dehydrated cake area 111, and the dehydrated cake K has a further reduced water content while moving through the dehydrated cake area 111, It is discharged from the dehydrated cake discharge port 113 into the housing 114, and discharged from the dehydrated cake discharge port 116 to the outside of the machine.
ボウル１０６の分離液排出口１１２からダムプレート１１２ａを越流してハウジング１１４の内部に排出される分離液Ｗが遠心力を受けて回転軸心廻りに放散されて、分離液放出口１１５から機外へ放出される。 The separated liquid W overflowing the dam plate 112a from the separated liquid discharge port 112 of the bowl 106 and discharged into the inside of the housing 114 is subjected to centrifugal force and is diffused around the rotation axis, and the separated liquid W is discharged from the separated liquid discharge port 115 to the outside of the machine. Is released to.
上記の遠心脱水機において、スクリューコンベアは、実負荷運転中に脱水ケーキと共回りする傾向が搬送性能を低下させる要因をなし、遠心分離機の処理能力の低下、分離液の水質の悪化などの問題が生じる場合がある。特に、低含水化した脱水ケーキはスクリューコンベアの羽根との摩擦力が大きくなり、脱水ケーキが羽根と共回りし易くなる。共回りの事象の下では、羽根の回転による回転軸心方向への脱水ケーキの送り速度が大きく減少して脱水ケーキがボウル内に停滞し、実際の送り速度と定格送り速度との差が大きくなる。このため、脱水ケーキを排出するために、スクリューコンベアの回転速度（ボウルとの差速）を上げて実際の送り速度を増速する必要がある。しかし、スクリューコンベアの回転速度の増加は遠心分離中の下水汚泥（混合汚泥）を撹拌する要因として作用し、固液分離を阻害して脱水性能に悪影響を与える。また、スクリューコンベアの回転速度の増加は下水汚泥のボウル内滞留時間の減少を招く。このボウル内滞留時間は、脱水性能に寄与する要素であり、下水汚泥がボウル内で遠心効果を受ける時間であり、ボウル内滞留時間が長いほど脱水性能が向上する。 In the above centrifugal dehydrator, the screw conveyor is a factor that reduces the transport performance that tends to co-rotate with the dehydrated cake during actual load operation, such as a decrease in the processing capacity of the centrifuge and deterioration of the water quality of the separated liquid. There may be problems. In particular, the dehydrated cake having a low water content has a large frictional force with the blades of the screw conveyor, and the dehydrated cake easily rotates together with the blades. Under the co-rotation event, the feed rate of the dehydrated cake toward the axis of rotation due to the rotation of the blades is greatly reduced and the dehydrated cake remains in the bowl, and the difference between the actual feed rate and the rated feed rate is large. Become. Therefore, in order to discharge the dehydrated cake, it is necessary to increase the rotation speed of the screw conveyor (the speed difference with the bowl) to increase the actual feeding speed. However, the increase in the rotation speed of the screw conveyor acts as a factor for agitating the sewage sludge (mixed sludge) during centrifugation, which impedes solid-liquid separation and adversely affects the dehydration performance. Further, an increase in the rotation speed of the screw conveyor causes a decrease in the residence time of sewage sludge in the bowl. The retention time in the bowl is a factor that contributes to the dehydration performance, and is the time during which the sewage sludge is subjected to the centrifugal effect in the bowl. The longer the retention time in the bowl, the higher the dehydration performance.
このボウル内滞留時間はボウル内周面と内胴外周面との間の空間容積と汚泥投入量との関係によっても影響を受け、汚泥投入量に対して空間容積が大きいほどにボウル内滞留時間が長くなって脱水性能が向上する。一方、スクリューコンベアは、脱水ケーキの含水率が低下するほどに負荷が大きくなるので、より大きな軸強度が要求されている。スクリューコンベアは、ボウル内径が大きくなるほどに羽根外径が大きくなり、必要な軸強度を確保するために内胴外径が大きくなる。結果として、空間容積が減少する要因となる。 The residence time in the bowl is also affected by the relationship between the space volume between the inner peripheral surface of the bowl and the outer peripheral surface of the inner shell and the sludge input amount. Is longer and dehydration performance is improved. On the other hand, the screw conveyor has a higher load as the water content of the dehydrated cake decreases, and thus a higher axial strength is required. In the screw conveyor, the outer diameter of the blade increases as the inner diameter of the bowl increases, and the outer diameter of the inner body increases to ensure the required shaft strength. As a result, the space volume is reduced.
本発明は上記した課題を解決するものであり、搬送性能および脱水性能を向上させることができる遠心分離機を提供することを目的とする。 The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a centrifuge capable of improving transport performance and dehydration performance.
上記課題を解決するために、本発明の遠心分離機は、処理対象汚泥を遠心力で分離水と脱水ケーキに固液分離する遠心分離機であって、回転軸心廻りに回転するボウルと、回転軸心方向でボウルの一端側に設けた分離水排出口と、回転軸心方向でボウルの他端側に設けた脱水ケーキ排出口と、ボウルと同回転軸心廻りに回転してボウルの内周面上で脱水ケーキを脱水ケーキ排出口に向けて移送するスクリューコンベアを備え、スクリューコンベアは、回転軸心方向に沿って延びる内胴と、内胴外周に螺旋状に設けられて脱水ケーキを掻き寄せる羽根を有し、ボウルとスクリューコンベアが炭素繊維強化プラスチックからなり、羽根が処理対象汚泥に接する汚泥摺接面に共回りを防止する摩擦軽減手段を有し、摩擦軽減手段は、バフ仕上げにより摩擦係数を軽減した汚泥摺接面、汚泥摺接面に形成したコーティング層、汚泥摺接面に形成した潤滑剤層の何れかであることを特徴とする。 In order to solve the above problems, the centrifuge of the present invention is a centrifuge for solid-liquid separating sludge to be treated into separated water and dehydrated cake by centrifugal force, and a bowl that rotates around the axis of rotation, The separated water discharge port provided on one end side of the bowl in the direction of the rotation axis, the dehydrated cake discharge port provided on the other end side of the bowl in the direction of the rotation axis, and the rotation of the bowl about the same rotation axis center Equipped with a screw conveyor for transferring the dehydrated cake toward the dehydrated cake discharge port on the inner peripheral surface, the screw conveyor is an inner cylinder extending along the direction of the rotation axis, and a dehydrated cake spirally provided on the outer circumference of the inner cylinder. The blade and the screw conveyor are made of carbon fiber reinforced plastic, and the blade has friction reducing means for preventing co-rotation on the sludge sliding contact surface in contact with the sludge to be treated. It is characterized by being any one of a sludge sliding contact surface whose friction coefficient is reduced by finishing, a coating layer formed on the sludge sliding contact surface, and a lubricant layer formed on the sludge sliding contact surface.
以上のように本発明によれば、ボウルの内部で、処理対象汚泥は遠心力により分離液と脱水ケーキとに固液分離され、スクリューコンベアの回転により脱水ケーキが脱水ケーキ排出口に向けて搬送され、最終的に脱水ケーキ排出口から排出される。 As described above, according to the present invention, the sludge to be treated is solid-liquid separated into the separated liquid and the dehydrated cake by the centrifugal force inside the bowl, and the dehydrated cake is conveyed toward the dehydrated cake discharge port by the rotation of the screw conveyor. And finally discharged from the dehydrated cake discharge port.
脱水ケーキの搬送において、処理対象汚泥が圧密化され、羽根の汚泥摺接面と脱水ケーキとの摩擦力が増加する。 When the dehydrated cake is conveyed, the sludge to be treated is consolidated, and the frictional force between the sludge sliding surface of the blade and the dehydrated cake increases.
しかしながら本発明では、ボウルと内胴と羽根が炭素繊維強化プラスチックからなることで、軽量化を図りながらも十分な強度および剛性を確保しつつ羽根形状の加工の自由度が増し、羽根の汚泥摺接面をバフ仕上げして摩擦係数を軽減することや、汚泥摺接面にコーティング層を形成することや、潤滑剤層、例えば水膜や油膜などの摩擦軽減手段を設けて処理対象汚泥が羽根と共回りすることを防止できる。 However, in the present invention, since the bowl, the inner body, and the blades are made of carbon fiber reinforced plastic, the degree of freedom in processing the blade shape is increased while ensuring sufficient strength and rigidity while aiming to reduce the weight, and the blade sludge slid Buffing the contact surface to reduce the coefficient of friction, forming a coating layer on the sludge contact surface, and providing a lubricant layer, such as a friction reducing means such as a water film or an oil film, to the sludge to be treated It is possible to prevent co-rotation with.
本発明の実施の形態を図面に基づいて説明する。図１において、先に図２で説明した構成部材と同作用のものは同符号を付して説明を省略する。 Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In FIG. 1, components having the same functions as those of the components described above with reference to FIG.
本実施の形態の遠心分離機１００Ａは、ボウル１０６Ａが、回転軸心方向の両端に設けた回転軸部１０６ａ、１０６ｂが軸受け部１０５ａ、１０５ｂに支承されて回転軸部１０６ａ、１０６ｂの回転軸心廻りに回転し、処理対象汚泥を遠心力で分離水と脱水ケーキに固液分離する
ボウル１０６Ａは、回転軸心方向でボウル１０６Ａの一端側に分離液排出口１１２Ａを有し、他端側に脱水ケーキ排出口１１３Ａを有しており、ボウル内周面の脱水ケーキ領域部１１１の側が回転軸心方向でボウル１０６Ａの他端側に向けてテーパ状に拡径するボウル拡径部２１１をなし、分離液領域部１１０の側が分離液排出口１１２Ａの側のボウル一側端部からボウル拡径部２１１に向けてボウル内径が同径状のボウル直胴部２１２をなす。ボウル拡径部２１１はテーパ角αを有している。
In the centrifuge 100A of the present embodiment, in the bowl 106A, the rotating shafts 106a and 106b provided at both ends in the rotating shaft center direction are supported by the bearings 105a and 105b, and the rotating shafts of the rotating shafts 106a and 106b are rotated. The bowl 106A rotates around and separates the sludge to be treated into separated water and dehydrated cake into solid and liquid by centrifugal force. The bowl 106A has a separated liquid discharge port 112A at one end side of the bowl 106A and the other end side at the other end side. It has a dehydrated cake discharge port 113A, and the side of the dehydrated cake region 111 on the inner peripheral surface of the bowl is a bowl expanding part 211 that expands in a tapered shape toward the other end of the bowl 106A in the direction of the rotation axis. The side of the separated liquid region 110 forms a bowl straight body part 212 having the same diameter as the inner diameter of the bowl from the one end of the bowl on the side of the separated liquid discharge port 112A toward the enlarged diameter part 211 of the bowl. The bowl expanded portion 211 has a taper angle α.
スクリューコンベア１０９Ａは、回転軸心方向に沿って延びる内胴１０７Ａと、内胴外周に螺旋状に設けられて脱水ケーキを掻き寄せる羽根１０８Ａを有している。内胴１０７Ａは、脱水ケーキ領域部１１１の側が回転軸心方向でボウル１０６Ａの他端側に向けてテーパ状に拡径する内胴拡径部２０１をなし、分離液領域部１１０の側が分離液排出口１１２Ａの側の内胴一側端部から内胴拡径部２０１に向けて内胴外径が同径状の内胴直胴部２０２をなす。内胴拡径部２０１はテーパ角βを有しており、内胴拡径部２０１のテーパ角βに対してボウル拡径部２１１のテーパ角αは小さく、ボウル内周面と内胴外周面との離間距離が内胴拡径部２０１の他端側において最小間隙となる。ボウル１０６Ａは回転軸心方向の他端側にボウル拡径部２１１のボウル最大内径部２１１ａを有し、ボウル最大内径部２１１ａより他端側にボウル内径が漸減するボウル縮径部２１１ｂを有し、ボウル縮径部２１１ｂと内胴拡径部２０１の端部との間隙が脱水ケーキ排出口１１３Ａに連通している。 The screw conveyor 109A has an inner case 107A extending along the direction of the rotation axis and a blade 108A that is spirally provided on the outer circumference of the inner case and scrapes the dehydrated cake. In the inner barrel 107A, the dehydrated cake region portion 111 side forms an inner barrel expanded portion 201 that tapers in diameter toward the other end side of the bowl 106A in the rotation axis direction, and the separated liquid region portion 110 side is the separated liquid portion. An inner-body straight body portion 202 having the same outer diameter is formed from an end portion on one side of the inner body on the side of the discharge port 112A toward the inner-body expanded portion 201. The inner barrel expanded portion 201 has a taper angle β, the taper angle α of the bowl expanded portion 211 is smaller than the taper angle β of the inner barrel expanded portion 201, and the bowl inner peripheral surface and the inner barrel outer peripheral surface are The distance between and is the minimum gap on the other end side of the inner barrel expanded portion 201. The bowl 106A has a bowl maximum inner diameter portion 211a of the bowl expanded diameter portion 211 on the other end side in the rotation axis direction, and a bowl reduced diameter portion 211b on the other end side of which the bowl inner diameter gradually decreases. The gap between the bowl reduced diameter portion 211b and the end of the inner barrel enlarged diameter portion 201 communicates with the dehydrated cake discharge port 113A.
ボウル１０６Ａとスクリューコンベア１０９Ａの内胴１０７Ａおよび羽根１０８Ａは炭素繊維強化プラスチック（Ｃａｒｂｏｎ Ｆｉｂｅｒ Ｒｅｉｎｆｏｒｃｅｄ Ｐｌａｓｔｉｃｓ）からなり、羽根１０８Ａは処理対象汚泥に接する汚泥摺接面３０１に処理対象汚泥が共回りすることを防止する摩擦軽減手段が施されている。摩擦軽減手段としては、汚泥摺接面３０１をバフ仕上げして摩擦係数を軽減することや、汚泥摺接面３０１にコーティング層を形成することや、潤滑剤層、例えば水膜や油膜などを形成することも可能である。 The bowl 106A, the inner body 107A of the screw conveyor 109A, and the blades 108A are made of carbon fiber reinforced plastics (Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastics), and the blades 108A have the sludge sliding contact surface 301 in contact with the sludge to be treated with which the sludge to be treated co-rotates. Friction reducing means are provided to prevent it. The friction reducing means includes buffing the sludge sliding contact surface 301 to reduce the friction coefficient, forming a coating layer on the sludge sliding contact surface 301, and forming a lubricant layer such as a water film or an oil film. It is also possible to do so.
この構成により、原汚泥Ｓを汚泥供給管１２０を通して高速回転する内胴１０７Ａの汚泥投入部１２１に供給するとともに、高分子凝集剤Ｃを薬剤供給管１２２を通して高速回転する内胴１０７Ａの汚泥投入部１２１に供給して混合し、原汚泥Ｓと高分子凝集剤Ｃの混合汚泥を汚泥投入部１２１の汚泥投入口１２１ａから高速回転するボウル１０６の内部に投入する。 With this configuration, the raw sludge S is supplied through the sludge supply pipe 120 to the sludge input part 121 of the inner barrel 107A that rotates at high speed, and the polymer coagulant C is supplied through the chemical supply pipe 122 and the sludge input part of the inner barrel 107A that rotates at high speed. It is supplied to 121 and mixed, and the mixed sludge of the raw sludge S and the polymer flocculant C is thrown into the inside of the bowl 106 which rotates at high speed from the sludge throwing port 121a of the sludge throwing part 121.
ボウル１０６Ａの内部で凝集した汚泥フロックＦを含む混合汚泥は、遠心力により分離液Ｗと脱水ケーキＫとに固液分離され、スクリューコンベア１０９Ａの回転により脱水ケーキＫが脱水ケーキ領域部に掻き寄せられ、脱水ケーキＫがボウル最大内径部２１１ａおよびボウル縮径部２１１ｂを通って脱水ケーキ排出口１１３Ａから排出される。 The mixed sludge containing the sludge flocs F aggregated inside the bowl 106A is solid-liquid separated into the separated liquid W and the dehydrated cake K by centrifugal force, and the dehydrated cake K is scraped to the dehydrated cake region portion by the rotation of the screw conveyor 109A. The dehydrated cake K is discharged from the dehydrated cake discharge port 113A through the bowl maximum inner diameter portion 211a and the bowl reduced diameter portion 211b.
脱水ケーキＫの搬送において、ボウル１０６Ａおよび内胴１０７Ａが回転軸心方向で他端側に向けてテーパ状に拡径するボウル拡径部２１１および内胴拡径部２０１を有し、内胴拡径部２０１のテーパ角βに対してボウル拡径部２１１のテーパ角αが小さいので、ボウル１０６Ａの内部では他端側に近づくほどに内胴拡径部２０１の外径が漸増して、ボウル拡径部２１１の内周面と内胴拡径部２０１の外周面との間における空間容積が径方向に漸減する。この空間容積の漸減により処理対象汚泥の下水汚泥が圧密化され、羽根１０８Ａの汚泥摺接面３０１と脱水ケーキＫとの摩擦力が増加する。 In transporting the dehydrated cake K, the bowl 106A and the inner barrel 107A have a bowl expanding portion 211 and an inner barrel expanding portion 201 that taperly expand toward the other end side in the rotation axis direction. Since the taper angle α of the bowl diameter expanding portion 211 is smaller than the taper angle β of the diameter portion 201, the outer diameter of the inner barrel diameter increasing portion 201 gradually increases inside the bowl 106A as it approaches the other end side. The space volume between the inner peripheral surface of the enlarged diameter portion 211 and the outer peripheral surface of the inner body enlarged diameter portion 201 gradually decreases in the radial direction. Due to the gradual reduction of the space volume, the sewage sludge to be treated is consolidated, and the frictional force between the sludge sliding contact surface 301 of the blade 108A and the dehydrated cake K increases.
しかし、ボウル１０６Ａの他端側に近づくほどにボウル拡径部２１１のボウル内径が径方向外側へ漸増して空間容積の減少を緩和し、圧密化を抑制して羽根１０８Ａの汚泥摺接面３０１と脱水ケーキＫとの摩擦力を抑制し、共回りの発生を防止する。 However, as the inner diameter of the bowl expanding portion 211 gradually increases toward the outer side in the radial direction as it approaches the other end of the bowl 106A, the reduction of the space volume is alleviated, the compaction is suppressed, and the sludge sliding contact surface 301 of the blade 108A is suppressed. The frictional force between the dehydrated cake K and the dehydrated cake K is suppressed to prevent co-rotation.
一方で他端側に近づくほどにボウル内径が径方向外側へ漸増することでボウル内周面側における遠心力作用が増加し、遠心力による脱水ケーキＫに対する圧搾力が高まり、必要な脱水性能を確保できる。よって、容積減少による圧密化を抑制してボウル１０６Ａの他端側における搬送性能の低下を抑制しつつ遠心力の増加による圧搾力を強化し、搬送性能の低下の抑制と脱水性能の向上を実現できる。。 On the other hand, as the inner diameter of the bowl gradually increases to the outer side in the direction closer to the other end, the centrifugal force action on the inner peripheral surface side of the bowl increases, and the squeezing force on the dehydrated cake K by the centrifugal force increases, and the required dewatering performance is increased. Can be secured. Therefore, the compaction due to the volume decrease is suppressed, the deterioration of the transport performance on the other end side of the bowl 106A is suppressed, and the squeezing force due to the increase of the centrifugal force is strengthened, and the reduction of the transport performance is suppressed and the dehydration performance is improved. it can. ..
また、ボウル１０６Ａの他端側に近づくほどにボウル拡径部２１１のボウル内径が径方向外側へ漸増することで、内胴拡径部２０１の他端側におけるボウル内周面と内胴外周面との離間距離の設定の自由度が増し、所定の脱水効果を確保しつつボウル最大内径部２１１ａおよびボウル縮径部２１１ｂと内胴拡径部２０１の端部との間隙を、脱水ケーキＫを容易に排出できる大きさに設定できる。 Further, the inner diameter of the bowl of the expanded diameter portion 211 gradually increases toward the outer side in the radial direction as it approaches the other end of the bowl 106A, so that the inner peripheral surface of the inner cylinder and the outer peripheral surface of the inner cylinder on the other end side The degree of freedom in setting the separation distance between and increases, and while ensuring a predetermined dehydration effect, the dewatering cake K is provided with a gap between the bowl maximum inner diameter portion 211a and the bowl reduced diameter portion 211b and the end of the inner barrel enlarged diameter portion 201. Can be set to a size that can be easily discharged.
さらに本発明では、ボウル１０６Ａと内胴１０７Ａと羽根１０８Ａが炭素繊維強化プラスチックからなることで、軽量化を図りながらも十分な強度および剛性を確保しつつ羽根形状の加工の自由度が増し、羽根１０８Ａの汚泥摺接面３０１をバフ仕上げして摩擦係数を軽減することや、汚泥摺接面３０１にコーティング層を形成することや、潤滑剤層、例えば水膜や油膜などの摩擦軽減手段を設けて処理対象汚泥が羽根１０８Ａと共回りすることを防止できる。 Further, in the present invention, since the bowl 106A, the inner case 107A, and the blades 108A are made of carbon fiber reinforced plastic, the degree of freedom in processing the blade shape is increased while ensuring sufficient strength and rigidity while achieving weight reduction. Buffing the sludge sliding contact surface 301 of 108A to reduce the friction coefficient, forming a coating layer on the sludge sliding contact surface 301, and providing a lubricant layer, for example, a friction reducing means such as a water film or an oil film. Thus, the sludge to be treated can be prevented from co-rotating with the blade 108A.
１００Ａ 遠心脱水機
１０１ 主構造部材
１０２ 設置床面
１０３ 防振ゴム
１０４ 脱水本体部
１０５ａ、１０５ｂ 軸受け部
１０６Ａ ボウル
１０６ａ、１０６ｂ 回転軸部
１０６ｃ 隘路
１０７Ａ 内胴
１０７ａ、１０７ｂ 回転軸部
１０８Ａ 羽根
１０９Ａ スクリューコンベア
１１０ 分離液領域部
１１０ａ 端部壁
１１１ 脱水ケーキ領域部
１１２Ａ 分離液排出口
１１２ａ ダムプレート
１１２ｂ 鍔部
１１３Ａ 脱水ケーキ排出口
１１４ ハウジング
１１４ａ カバー部材
１１５ 分離液放出口
１１６ 脱水ケーキ放出口
１１８ 油圧モータ
１２０ 汚泥供給管
１２０ａ 先端開口
１２１ 汚泥投入部
１２１ａ 汚泥投入口
１２２ 薬剤供給管
１２２ａ 先端開口
２０１ 内胴拡径部
２０２ 内胴直胴部
２１１ ボウル拡径部
２１１ａ ボウル最大内径部
２１１ｂ ボウル縮径部
２１２ ボウル直胴部
３０１ 汚泥摺接面
Ｃ 高分子凝集剤
Ｓ 原汚泥
Ｗ 分離液
Ｋ 脱水ケーキ
α、β テーパ角
100A Centrifugal dewatering machine 101 Main structural member 102 Installation floor surface 103 Anti-vibration rubber 104 Dewatering body parts 105a and 105b Bearing parts 106A Bowls 106a and 106b Rotating shaft parts 106c Bottles 107A Inner shell 107a and 107b Rotating shaft parts 108A Blades 109A Screw conveyor 110 Separated liquid region 110a End wall 111 Dehydrated cake region 112A Separated liquid discharge port 112a Dam plate 112b Collar 113A Dehydrated cake discharge port 114 Housing 114a Cover member 115 Separated liquid discharge port 116 Dehydrated cake discharge port 118 Hydraulic motor 120 Sludge supply Pipe 120a Tip Opening 121 Sludge Injecting Portion 121a Sludge Injecting Port 122 Chemical Supply Pipe 122a Tip Opening 201 Inner Body Expanding Section 202 Inner Body Straight Body 211 Bowl Expanding Section 211a Bowl Maximum Inner Diameter Section 211b Bowl Shrinking Section 212 Bowl Straight Body Section 301 Sludge sliding surface C Polymer coagulant S Raw sludge W Separation liquid K Dewatered cake α, β Tapered angle
Claims (1)
スクリューコンベアは、回転軸心方向に沿って延びる内胴と、内胴外周に螺旋状に設けられて脱水ケーキを掻き寄せる羽根を有し、
ボウルとスクリューコンベアが炭素繊維強化プラスチックからなり、羽根が処理対象汚泥に接する汚泥摺接面に共回りを防止する摩擦軽減手段を有し、
摩擦軽減手段は、バフ仕上げにより摩擦係数を軽減した汚泥摺接面、汚泥摺接面に形成したコーティング層、汚泥摺接面に形成した潤滑剤層の何れかであることを特徴とする遠心分離機。
A centrifuge that solid-liquid separates sludge to be treated into separated water and dehydrated cake by centrifugal force, a bowl that rotates around the axis of rotation, and a separated water discharge port that is provided on one end side of the bowl in the direction of the axis of rotation. And the dehydration cake discharge port provided on the other end side of the bowl in the direction of the rotation axis and the rotation of the rotation axis around the rotation axis of the bowl to transfer the dehydration cake toward the dehydration cake discharge port on the inner peripheral surface of the bowl. Equipped with a screw conveyor to
The screw conveyor has an inner cylinder extending along the direction of the rotation axis, and a blade spirally provided on the outer circumference of the inner cylinder to scrape the dehydrated cake,
The bowl and the screw conveyor are made of carbon fiber reinforced plastic, and the blade has friction reducing means for preventing co-rotation on the sludge sliding contact surface in contact with the sludge to be treated,
The friction reducing means is any one of a sludge sliding contact surface whose buffing finish reduces the friction coefficient, a coating layer formed on the sludge sliding contact surface, and a lubricant layer formed on the sludge sliding contact surface. Machine.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113548753A (en) * | 2021-08-11 | 2021-10-26 | 九江市美景水处理科技有限公司 | Domestic sewage purifying equipment |
| KR102603565B1 (en) * | 2023-08-25 | 2023-11-17 | (주)에이알케이 | Weight reduction type centrifugal dehydrator and manufacturing method thereof |
| KR102603564B1 (en) * | 2023-08-25 | 2023-11-17 | (주)에이알케이 | Cylindrical rotating body for weight reduction type centrifugal dehydrator and manufacturing method thereof and weight reduction type centrifugal dehydrator having the same |
| JP7492927B2 (en) | 2021-02-05 | 2024-05-30 | 株式会社クボタ | centrifuge |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP7492927B2 (en) | 2021-02-05 | 2024-05-30 | 株式会社クボタ | centrifuge |
| CN113548753A (en) * | 2021-08-11 | 2021-10-26 | 九江市美景水处理科技有限公司 | Domestic sewage purifying equipment |
| KR102603565B1 (en) * | 2023-08-25 | 2023-11-17 | (주)에이알케이 | Weight reduction type centrifugal dehydrator and manufacturing method thereof |
| KR102603564B1 (en) * | 2023-08-25 | 2023-11-17 | (주)에이알케이 | Cylindrical rotating body for weight reduction type centrifugal dehydrator and manufacturing method thereof and weight reduction type centrifugal dehydrator having the same |
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