JP2020093186A - Biaxial crusher - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a biaxial crusher that can achieve improvement in crushing capability, improvement in efficiency and reduction in cost by enabling waste metal to be crushed into fine grain, which has been difficult conventionally.SOLUTION: The biaxial crusher comprises: left and right crushing rotors (10 and 20) having a plurality of cutting parts mounted at an interval on rotary shafts (11 and 21) arranged at left and right sides; input ports (2) provided above the crushing rotors; and outlet ports (3) provided below the crushing rotors, which has a high-speed rotation rotor and a low-speed rotation rotor so as to rotate the crushing rotors. Rotation speed is differentiated between the crushing rotors (10 and 20), the cutting part (12) at the low rotation-side is divided into three cutting part groups, which are arranged in the crushing rotor to be displaced at 180 degrees from one another, and cutting parts of cutting part (22) at a high rotation-side are arranged in the crushing rotor to be displaced sequentially at predetermined angles.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 9

Description

The present invention relates to a twin-shaft crusher used for crushing waste such as waste plastic, wood waste, metal waste, construction waste, waste home appliances (refrigerator, washing machine, air conditioner, etc.), engine, etc. , The structure of a twin-screw crusher to achieve efficiency and cost reduction.

Conventionally, for example, a biaxial shearing type crusher described in Patent Document 1 has been proposed as a crusher for waste and the like.
The biaxial shearing crusher described in Patent Document 1 allows for a finer crushed particle size, considering the requirements for crushing for incineration pretreatment from the stability of incineration and strict regulations on waste gas. Is.
This biaxial shearing type crusher realizes fine crushing by providing a closing damper for opening and closing at the discharge port and repeatedly crushing the crushed object with the closing damper closed. It has a structure.

JP, 2017-131832, A

However, according to the above-mentioned biaxial shearing type crusher, the blades attached to the rotary shafts installed on the left and right sides make contact with the crushed object only from the upper side to perform the crushing action. There was a problem that there was a limit to the crushing ability because the force to be cut was only from one direction.
That is, the waste includes waste plastics, paper waste, wood waste, fiber waste, rubber waste, glass and ceramics, metal waste, and debris, but especially metal waste is finely divided by a conventional twin-shaft crusher. Granulation was difficult.
Further, in the case of the blade portion used in the conventional biaxial shearing type crusher, waste plastics were slippery with respect to the blade portion, and efficient crushing could not be performed.

The present invention has been proposed in view of the above circumstances, and has a structure in which a crushing action is exerted by applying a shearing force from the lower side to an object to be crushed. An object of the present invention is to provide a twin-screw crusher capable of improving the crushing processing capacity, improving the efficiency, and reducing the cost by making it possible to reduce the size of the particles by crushing.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a biaxial crusher capable of efficiently crushing waste plastics.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention (Claim 1) includes left and right crushing rotors (10, 20) in which a plurality of blade portions are attached to a rotating shaft (11, 21) arranged on the left and right at intervals. A twin-screw that rotates the crushing rotor by providing an inlet (2) provided above the crushing rotor and an outlet (3) below the crushing rotor and having a high-speed rotating rotor and a low-speed rotating rotor. In the crusher,
The rotation speed of each of the crushing rotors (10, 20) is made different,
The blade portion (12) on the low rotation side is divided into three blade portion groups, and each blade portion group is displaced by 180 degrees and is disposed in the crushing motor,
The blades (22) on the high rotation side are characterized in that the blades are arranged in the crushing motor with the angles of the blades being sequentially shifted.

Claim 2 is the biaxial crusher according to claim 1,
The blade portion (22) on the high rotation side is characterized in that it is arranged in the crushing motor by sequentially shifting each blade portion by 60 degrees.

Claim 3 is the biaxial crusher according to claim 1,
The blade portion (22) on the high rotation side is characterized in that it is arranged in the crushing motor with a 60° or 120° offset for each blade portion.

Claim 4 is the biaxial crusher according to claim 1,
The blade portions (12, 22) are
A tool mount (12c, 22c) having a plurality of shear plate parts (12b, 22b), which are exchangeably mounted and which penetrates the rotation shafts (11, 21) in the central hole,
A shearing blade tip portion (12d, 22d) that is located on the side opposite to the rotation destination with respect to the shearing plate portion (12b, 22b) of the blade mount (12c, 22c) and is replaceably mounted;
It is characterized by comprising.

Claim 5 is the biaxial crusher according to claim 4,
It is characterized in that a build-up layer (25) by hard build-up welding is provided on the crushed parts of the shear plate parts (12b, 22b) and the shearing blade tip parts (12d, 22d).

Claim 6 is the biaxial crusher according to claim 4 or claim 5,
The hardfacing layer (25) formed by the hardfacing is characterized in that the surface thereof contains crushed steel powder (26).

According to the biaxial crusher of the present invention, the rotation speeds of the crushing rotors (10, 20) are provided differently, and the blades (12) on the low rotation side divided into three blade groups are sequentially set to an angle. Due to the shifted high-rotation blade portion (22), shearing can be effectively applied, and the crushing effect can be efficiently exhibited.

In addition, when the shear plate portions (12b, 22b) and the shear blade tip portions (12d, 22d) are replaceably attached, when the blade portions (12, 22) are consumed, the shear plate portions (12b, 22b) and By removing the shearing blade tips (12d, 22d) and performing hardfacing welding, the blades (12, 22) can be repaired.

In addition, it is possible to easily exert the shearing action by forming the hardfacing layer (25) by performing hardfacing welding on the shearing plate portions (12b, 22b) and the shearing blade tips (12d, 22d). Become.

Furthermore, by including the steel crushing powder (26) on the surface of the overlay layer (25), it becomes possible to easily exert the shearing action on the slippery crushed object.

It is a plane explanatory view of the biaxial crusher of the present invention. It is a front explanatory view of the biaxial crusher of this invention. It is a plane explanatory view of the low speed side crushing rotor which the biaxial crusher of this invention has. (A)-(c) is a front explanatory view showing the arrangement state of each blade part attached to the crushing rotor on the low speed side. It is a plane explanatory view of the crushing rotor on the high speed side which the biaxial crusher of this invention has. (A)-(e) is front explanatory drawing which shows the arrangement|positioning state of each blade part mounted in the crushing rotor on the high speed side. It is for demonstrating the overlay layer by hardening overlay welding, (a) is explanatory drawing of a shearing blade edge part, (b) is explanatory drawing of a shearing plate part. It is a plane explanatory view of the lower underbar mounted below in the twin screw crusher of the present invention. It is a front explanatory view for explaining a mounting position of a pair of crushing rotors to a lower underbar in a twin screw crusher of the present invention. It is a front explanatory view for explaining other examples of each blade part attached to a crushing rotor.

An example of an embodiment of a biaxial crusher according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows a plan view of the biaxial crusher of the present invention, and FIG. 2 shows a front view thereof.

The twin-screw crusher is a pair of left and right (FIG. 2) disposed between the input port 2 provided above the main body 1 for supplying wastes and the like and the discharge port 3 provided below. The crushing rotors 10 and 20 are provided. Each of the crushing rotors 10 and 20 has a plurality of blade portions 12 and 22 mounted at positions intersecting the rotating shafts 11 and 21, so that the blade portions 12 (22) and 12 (22) are separated from each other. A gap is formed in. Each of the crushing rotors 10 and 20 is mounted so that the blade portion of the other crushing rotor is inserted into the above-mentioned gap (see FIG. 1), and each rotating shaft of each crushing rotor 10 and 20 with respect to the main body 1. 11 and 21 are mounted so as to rotate inward (oppositely rotate) (see the arrows attached to the rotary shafts in FIGS. 1 and 2).
The rotating shafts 11 and 21 of the respective crushing rotors 10 and 20 transmit the power of a drive motor (not shown) to one crushing rotor rotating shaft (high speed rotation side) via a speed reducer (not shown). At the same time, the crushing rotors 10 and 20 are driven with different rotational speeds by transmitting to the other crushing rotor rotation shaft (low-speed rotation side) via a gear so as to crush the object to be crushed. Has been done.

The blade portion 12 of the crushing rotor 10 on the low rotation side is divided into three blade portion groups A, B, and C, and the blade portion groups are arranged 180 degrees apart from each other. That is, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, four blades in the first to fourth rows are set to a blade section group A arranged at 0 degrees, and five blades in the fifth to ninth rows are 180 degrees to the first to fourth rows. The blade group B is rotated 180 degrees, and the four blades in rows 10 to 13 are blade groups C in a 0 degree arrangement similar to rows 1 to 4.
Therefore, a concave portion is formed in the blade group B (five blades in 5 to 9 rows) with respect to the blade group A and the blade group C, and when the processing target is crushed, the processing target is processed in this part. It becomes possible to shear and crush at once after taking in an object.

The blade portions 22 of the crushing rotor 20 on the high rotation side are arranged so that the angles of the blade portions 22 are sequentially shifted. The angle of displacement is adjusted according to the type of crushed material.
For example, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the four blade portions 22 in the 1, 5, 9, and 13th rows are arranged at 0 degrees, and the blades in the fourth, second, sixth, tenth, and fourteenth rows are arranged. The section 22 is arranged at 60 degrees, the three blade sections 22 in the third, seventh, and eleventh rows are arranged at 180 degrees, and the three blade sections 22 in the fourth, eighth, and twelfth rows are arranged at 240 degrees. There is. In other words, the blade portions 22 on the high rotation side are arranged on the crushing rotor 20 while being offset by 60 degrees or 120 degrees with respect to the blade portions 22 on the front side (rows with small numbers). By inserting a shift of 120 degrees, it is possible to efficiently perform shear crushing by not equalizing the time intervals at which the blade portions 22 contact the crushed object.

The rotary shaft 11 (21) penetrates through the central hole 12a (22a) of each blade 12 (22) and is fixed at a desired position of the rotary shaft (a position adjusted according to the type of crushed object). .. Each blade portion 12 (22) has a plurality of shear plate portions 12b (22b) on its outer periphery, and a side opposite to the rotation destination with respect to the shear plate portion of the blade mounting base 12c (22c). And a shearing blade tip portion 12d (22d) which is mounted at the position.
Further, the shear plate portion 12b (22b) and the shear blade tip portion 12d (22d) are fixed by welding another member to each blade portion, but they are replaceable as necessary.

A buildup layer formed by hardfacing is provided on the crushed portions of the shear plate portion 12b (22b) and the shearing blade tip portion 12d (22d). The crushing portion of the shear plate portion and the shearing blade tip portion means a portion of the shearing plate portion and the shearing blade tip portion that contacts the object to be crushed. For example, the upper surface of the shearing plate portion 12b (22b) and the shearing blade tip portion 12d (22d). ) Is a portion including a sharp corner.
As shown in FIG. 7, the hardfacing layer 25 formed by hardfacing welding is configured such that steel crushed powder 26 obtained by crushing steel is scattered on the surface. As shown in FIG. 7A, the shearing blade tip portion 12d (22d) is provided with the buildup layer 25 on the entire upper surface and a part of the side surface of the shearing blade tip portion 12d (22d), so that the shearing blade tip portion 12d ( 22d) has a built-up layer 25 at a position that covers the acute corner of the corner. As shown in FIG. 7B, the shear plate portion 12b (22b) has a built-up layer 25 formed on the entire upper surface of the shear plate portion 12b (22b).
The overlay 25 is formed by sprinkling steel crushed powder from above during burner welding. Due to the presence of the steel crushed powder 26, a sharp convex portion is formed on the surface of the built-up layer 25, so that the anti-slip effect on the blade portion when the crushed object is waste plastic can be enhanced.

According to the above configuration, when the shear plate portion 12b (22b) and the shear blade tip portion 12d (22d) are worn as a result of performing the shear crushing process, the hardfacing welding and the parts replacement of these portions are performed. Thus, the desired shearing effect can be maintained.
For example, when the buildup layer 25 of the shear plate portion 12b (22b) or the shearing blade tip portion 12d (22d) is hardened by welding, the buildup layer is formed again by the hardfacing welding, or the shear plate is formed. By removing the portion 12b (22b) and the shearing blade tip portion 12d (22d), and forming the buildup layer 25 by hardfacing welding on the removed shearing plate portion 12b (22b) and the shearing blade tip portion 12d (22d), It can be repairable.
Further, the shear plate portion 12b (22b) and the shear blade tip portion 12d (22d) may be replaced with new ones.

In the above example, the blade portions 22 of the crushing rotor 20 on the high rotation side are arranged on the crushing rotor 20 while being shifted by 60 degrees or 120 degrees with respect to the blade portion on the front side, but each blade portion is 60 degrees. You may make it arrange|position and it shifts one by one one by one.

The crushing rotor 10 on the low speed rotation side and the crushing rotor 20 on the high speed rotation side are arranged so that the blade portion of the other crushing rotor is fitted between the blade portions of the one crushing rotor (FIG. 1). A lower underbar 30 is installed below the pair of crushing rotors 10 and 20.

As shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the lower underbar 30 is configured by arranging a plurality of bars 33 between a pair of side plates 31 and a shaft 32 arranged at the center of the side plates. The bars on the upper side (right side in FIG. 8) and the lower side (left side in FIG. 8) of FIG. 7 are arranged between the bars 33 on one side and the bar 33 on the other side with respect to the axial surface. By being fixed as described above, a plurality of square-shaped gaps into which the blades 12 and 22 mounted on the crushing rotors 10 and 20 can be inserted are provided. The clearance between each surface of each blade 12 (22) attached to the rotary shaft 11 (21) and each bar 33 of the lower underbar 30 is set to 1 mm.

Each bar 33 fixed to the shaft 32 is arranged so as to be inclined slightly upward from the shaft 32 toward the outside. The surface of each bar 33 of the lower underbar 30 is subjected to a hardfacing welding process in order to efficiently exert a shearing effect on the contact of the object to be treated, similarly to the above-mentioned blade portion.

In the biaxial crusher, the lower underbar 30 is provided, so that the blade portions 12 and 22 mounted on the crushing rotors 10 and 20 have a rectangular gap provided between the bars 33 of the lower underbar 30. When it is inserted into the part, the shearing action is promoted between the blade and the bar, and the crushing effect can be efficiently exhibited.
Further, by setting the gap between both surfaces of each blade 12 and 22 attached to the rotary shafts 11 and 21 and each bar 33 of the lower underbar 30 to 1 mm, it is possible to easily exert the shearing action.
Further, by performing the hardfacing welding process on the surface of each bar 33 of the lower underbar 30, it is possible to easily exert the shearing action.

That is, by providing a structure in which a crushing action is exerted by applying a shearing force from the lower lower underbar 30 to the object to be crushed, the crushing of metal scrap, which is difficult to process by the conventional biaxial crusher, By making it possible to make the particles finer, it is possible to improve the crushing processing capacity, improve efficiency, and reduce costs.

In addition, a plurality of side blades 40 are arranged on both sides of the upper side of the side plate 31 of the lower underbar 30 at intervals so that the blades 12 (22) can be inserted. The side blades 40 have a triangular shape that is convex inward, so that when the crushing rotors 10 and 20 rotate forward and backward, effective shearing between the blades 12 and 22 in both directions of rotation. Bring out the action. Each side blade portion 40 is also subjected to the hardfacing welding process similarly to each bar 33.

By arranging the side blades 40, when the tips of the blades 12 and 22 are guided between the side blades 40, a shearing action is promoted between the two blades 40 and the efficiency is increased even in the side portions. The crushing effect can be exerted well.

The rotation control of the crushing rotors 10 and 20 in the biaxial crusher is controlled by the control system.
For example, when the object to be crushed is put into the input port 2 via the input conveyor and a certain amount is detected by a level meter or other means, the supply of the object to be crushed is stopped, the operation of the crusher is started, and the arrow direction The left and right crushing rotors 10, 20 rotating (FIGS. 1 and 2) are bitten and crushed.
The crushing rotors 10 and 20 are driven by the driving motor, and the rotation speed of the crushing rotor is designated by a signal from the control unit.

Then, the crushing object supplied from the charging port 2 is drawn into the blade portions 12, 22 of the crushing rotors 10, 20 facing each other, and when passing between the crushing rotors 10, 20 on the left and right sides, the blade portion 12, It is crushed by 22 and bar 33, cut and crushed, and pulled up by rotating blades 12 and 22 and crushed between side blades 40, so that it is repeatedly crushed and fragmented. , Is discharged from the discharge port 3.

Further, the crushing rotors 10 and 20 have a difference in the amount of crushed material fed in due to the difference in the number of revolutions depending on the gear ratio. The load generated on each blade 12 (22) and the lower underbar 30 of each crushing rotor changes due to the difference in the number of revolutions, and the size of the crushed product discharged from the discharge port 3 varies, so the crushing target object The control system controls the number of rotations and the like suitable for the crushing treatment of.

FIG. 10 shows another example of the blade portions 12 and 22 mounted on the crushing rotors 10 and 20, and the portions having the same configurations as those of FIG. 8 are denoted by the same reference numerals.
The blade portions 12 and 22 according to this example are configured to have six blades in the axial cross section, and two blade portions are arranged at equal positions (shifted by 120 degrees) equally divided into three with respect to the shafts 11 and 21. , Each of the two sheets is fixed such that the sharp portions are in opposite directions. By arranging the sharp portions in directions opposite to each other, the same crushing effect can be exerted on the bar 33 of the lower underbar 30 and the side blade portion 40 in both forward and reverse rotations. Becomes

1... Main body 2... Input port 3... Discharge port 10... Crushing rotor (low speed rotation side)
11... Rotating shaft 12... Blade 12a... Central hole 12b... Shear plate 12c... Blade mount 12d... Shear blade tip 20... Crushing rotor (high-speed rotation side)
21... Rotating shaft 22... Blade part 22a... Central hole 22b... Shear plate part 22c... Blade mount 22d... Shear blade tip part 25... Overlay layer 26... Steel crushing powder 30... Lower under bar 31... Side plate 32... Shaft 33... Bar 40... Side blade

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention (Claim 1) includes left and right crushing rotors (10, 20) in which a plurality of blade portions are attached to a rotating shaft (11, 21) arranged on the left and right at intervals. A twin-screw that rotates the crushing rotor by providing an inlet (2) provided above the crushing rotor and an outlet (3) below the crushing rotor and having a high-speed rotating rotor and a low-speed rotating rotor. In the crusher,
The rotation speed of each of the crushing rotors (10, 20) is made different,
The blade portion (12) on the low rotation side is divided into three blade portion groups, and the blade portions are arranged on the crushing rotor while being shifted by 180 degrees for each blade portion group.
The blades (22) on the high-rotation side are characterized in that the blades are arranged in the crushing rotor while sequentially shifting the angles of the blades.

Claim 2 is the twin-shaft crusher according to claim 1,
The blades (22) on the high rotation side are characterized in that they are arranged in the crushing rotor by sequentially shifting the blades by 60 degrees.

Claim 3 is the biaxial crusher according to claim 1,
The blades (22) on the high rotation side are characterized in that they are arranged on the crushing rotor with a 60-degree or 120-degree offset for each blade.

Claims (6)

A left and right crushing rotor in which a plurality of blades are mounted at intervals on the rotating shafts arranged on the left and right, an input port provided above the crushing rotor, and a discharge port below the crushing rotor, and a high speed is provided. In a biaxial crusher that rotates the crushing rotor by having a rotating rotor and a low-speed rotating rotor,
Providing a difference in the rotation speed of each crushing rotor,
The blade portion on the low rotation side is divided into three blade portion groups, and each blade portion group is displaced by 180 degrees and disposed on the crushing motor,
A biaxial shredder characterized in that the blades on the high rotation side are arranged in the shredding motor by sequentially shifting the angle of each blade. The biaxial crusher according to claim 1, wherein the blades on the high rotation side are arranged in the crushing motor by sequentially shifting each blade by 60 degrees. The biaxial crusher according to claim 1, wherein the blade portion on the high rotation side is arranged on the crushing motor by shifting each blade portion by 60 degrees or 120 degrees. The blade is
The rotary shaft penetrates the central hole, and a blade mount having a plurality of replaceable shear plate portions on the outer periphery,
A shear blade tip portion which is located on the side opposite to the rotation destination with respect to the shear plate portion of the blade mount and is replaceably mounted,
The biaxial crusher according to claim 1, comprising: The biaxial crusher according to claim 4, wherein the crushing portions of the shear plate portion and the shearing blade tip portion are provided with a hardfacing layer by hardfacing welding. The biaxial crusher according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the hardfacing layer formed by the hardfacing welding is formed such that the surface thereof contains steel crushing powder.

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