JP2020079742A - Measuring tool - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a measuring tool for measuring a position of an upper end of a rail-like member capable of improving survey precision of a rail by simple operation.SOLUTION: A measuring tool 20 for measuring a position of a top part Ra of a rail R includes: a casing 21 having at least one top plate 22 in which a plane part to be measured is formed in an upper surface side; a support part 30 that includes a bottom part in parallel with the plane part and allows the bottom part to abut on the top part of the rail in a side of a lower surface 22c of the top plate; and a pressing part 40 for pressing and gripping both side faces Rb, RC of the rail in a lower face side. The pressing part is configured so as to adjust an inclination when viewed from a short side direction of the rail of the casing after its length is adjusted in one side face side of the rail.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 5

Description

  The present invention relates to a measuring jig for measuring the position of the upper end of a rail-shaped member fixed to a fixing target.

  After the concrete is poured, there is a step of finishing the surface of the concrete to be smooth. In this regard, Patent Document 1 discloses a method for constructing a concrete floor using a wide screed machine for leveling the surface of concrete. According to this construction method, the screed machine keeps a predetermined height and moves the surface of the concrete to level the surface of the concrete. This screed machine receives the laser light emitted from the laser oscillator and automatically adjusts the height of the screed machine. When this construction method is used, a mechanism for maintaining the height of the screed machine using a laser receiver is required, which complicates the apparatus configuration. In this regard, there is a method of moving with a screed machine on the rail installed at a predetermined height. According to this construction method, the device configuration of the screed machine can be simplified.

JP-A-9-235881

  When a rail is used for the method using a screed machine, the level of the concrete surface depends on the accuracy of the rail installation error. Therefore, according to this construction method, the level of the surface of the concrete may become uneven due to the installation accuracy of the rail. Therefore, when a rail is used for the screed machine, it is necessary to accurately measure the level of the rail in order to apply the concrete surface uniformly. However, if the rail is installed so as to be inclined or the top surface of the rail is formed with a curved surface, the leveling of the rail may be inaccurate.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems, and provides a measuring jig for measuring the position of the upper end of a rail-shaped member that can improve the accuracy of rail measurement by a simple operation. To aim.

  In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention is a measuring jig for measuring the position of the top of a rail, and a casing provided with at least one top plate having a flat surface portion to be measured formed on the upper surface side. A body and a support portion on the lower surface side of the top plate that is parallel to the flat surface portion, the bottom portion being in contact with the top portion of the rail, and on the lower surface side, pressing on both side surfaces of the rail. And a pressing unit configured to adjust a length of the pressing unit on one side surface side of the rail to adjust an inclination of the rail of the housing when viewed from a lateral direction. It is a tool.

  According to the present invention, when the housing is placed on the rail, the bottom of the housing in the accommodation space comes into contact with the top surface of the rail, and the pressing portion causes the inclination of the housing to be flat on the upper surface side of the housing. When adjusted to be horizontal, the bottom contacts the top of the rail, which is at the highest level. Since the bottom of the measuring jig in the accommodation space is spaced downward from the flat surface by a predetermined distance, the rail level can be accurately calculated by measuring the level of the flat surface.

  Further, in the measurement jig according to the present invention, the support portion is spaced downward from the flat surface portion by a predetermined distance on the lower surface side, the axis is axially supported in parallel with the flat surface portion, and the bottom portion is the rail. It may be configured to have at least two wheels that contact the top.

  According to the present invention, since the housing is supported on the top surface of the rail by the two wheels, the flat surface portion of the housing can be kept parallel to the axial direction of the rail. Further, according to the present invention, by relocating the housing on the rails by the wheels, it is possible to facilitate the rearrangement in the survey.

  Further, in the measurement jig according to the present invention, the pressing portion is provided on the lower surface side so as to project toward one side surface of the rail, and one side surface of the rail is pressed by a tip end portion, A first pressing portion that is expandable and contractible, and provided on the lower surface side so as to project toward one side surface of the rail at a position along the vertical direction with respect to the first pressing portion, and the one side surface is a tip. A second pressing portion that is pressed by a portion and has an adjustable length, and a third pressing portion that is provided on the lower surface side so as to project toward the other side surface of the rail and that presses the other side surface by the tip portion. And a unit.

  According to the present invention, the first pressing portion and the second pressing portion press one side surface of the rail, and the third pressing portion presses the other side surface of the rail, so that the housing is securely held on the rail. In both cases, by adjusting the length of the second pressing portion, the inclination of the housing with respect to the rail can be adjusted with the third pressing portion as a fulcrum.

  Further, in the measuring jig according to the present invention, a ball roller that movably presses a surface to be pressed is provided at each of the distal end portions of the first pressing portion, the second pressing portion, and the third pressing portion. It may be configured to be provided.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to easily install the housing on the rail by rotating the ball roller and moving the side surface of the rail, and the first pressing portion, the second pressing portion, and the third pressing portion. The housing can be moved along the rail while the section grips the rail from both sides.

  Further, in the measuring jig according to the present invention, the length of the second pressing portion may be adjusted so that the plane portion is horizontal when viewed from the lateral direction of the rail.

  According to the present invention, by expanding or contracting the length of the second pressing portion, the angle at which the pressing portion grips the rail is changed to adjust the inclination of the housing, and the level of the top of the rail can be measured. Therefore, the flat portion can be horizontal.

  Further, the measuring jig according to the present invention may be configured such that the first pressing portion is biased in a direction of pressing one side surface of the rail.

  According to the present invention, the pressing portion can apply a pressing force to the rail to stop the housing with respect to the rail, and the length of the second pressing portion can be adjusted to tilt the housing with respect to the rail. Even if the rail is changed, the first pressing portion expands and contracts following the inclination of the housing and continues to apply a pressing force to the rail, so that the rail can be reliably gripped.

  According to the measuring jig of the present invention, the rail survey accuracy can be improved by a simple operation.

It is a figure which shows the structure of the truss screed to which this invention is applied. It is sectional drawing which shows the structure of the rail in which a truss screed is mounted. It is a sectional view showing the state where concrete was poured between rails. It is a figure which shows the cause of the measurement error of the level of the top part of a rail. It is sectional drawing which shows the structure of a measuring jig. It is a side view which shows the structure of a measurement jig. It is another side view which shows the structure of a measuring jig. It is a figure which shows the state of the measuring jig mounted in the inclined rail. It is a figure which shows the state which adjusted the inclination of the housing|casing in the inclined rail.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of a leveling method for pouring concrete according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  As shown in FIG. 1, a truss screed 1 having a truss structure is used for widening the surface of the concrete after pouring. The truss screed 1 is, for example, for finishing and smoothing while moving the surface of the concrete after the smoothing is performed with a fixed tree formed of a long rectangular rod or the like.

  The truss screed 1, for example, is placed so as to straddle over the pair of rails R, and then moves along the axial direction of the rails R by winding a wire with a winch (not shown) by power or human power. The rail R is formed so as to extend at a predetermined height along the place where the concrete is placed. The rail R serves as a formwork for the concrete to be placed, and also serves as a guide for the truss screed 1 to move while leveling the concrete surface as the top end.

  The truss screed 1 includes, for example, a main body portion 10 to which a plurality of truss units 2 which are units of one truss are connected. The span of the main body 10 is determined by the distance between the pair of rails R. A blade (trowel part 15) having a strip-shaped plate-like bottom is attached to the bottom of the main body 10. Above the trowel portion 15, for example, a plurality of vibrating vibrators 18 are arranged at equal intervals along the longitudinal direction. The vibration vibrator 18 gives vibration to the trowel portion 15 via a member of the truss.

  The plurality of vibration vibrators 18 generate vibrations, for example, by rotation of a shaft (not shown) arranged at the bottom of the main body 10. When the shaft is driven by a power source (not shown) such as an engine or air pressure, the shaft rotates and vibration is transmitted to the trowel part 15. Thereby, the surface of the concrete is smoothed by vibrating the trowel portion 15 to the surface of the concrete after the roughening.

  A bending adjusting portion 11 for adjusting the bending of the main body portion 10 is provided at the plurality of connecting portions on the upper portion of the main body portion 10. The deflection adjusting unit 11 is, for example, a turnbuckle including a left screw and a right screw. Tightening the turnbuckle will increase the flexure and loosening it will decrease the flexure. When the distance between the pair of rails R is long and the main body portion 10 bends downward, the deflection adjusting portion 11 is adjusted to linearly form the bottom surface of the trowel portion 15 to form the top of the concrete.

  As shown in FIG. 2, after the level concrete C1 is cast on the ground or the like and hardened, a pair of rails R1 and R2 (hereinafter, also referred to as a rail R as appropriate when not required to be distinguished) is provided on the upper surface of the level concrete C1. They are laid parallel to each other. The pair of rails R1 and R2 are, for example, steel materials having an L-shaped cross section. The rail R1 includes a horizontal flange R1A and a vertical web R1B when viewed in cross section. Similar to the rail R1, the rail R2 includes a horizontal flange R2A and a vertical web R2B when viewed in cross section.

  The pair of rails R1 and R2 are arranged so that the respective flanges R1A and R2A are on the outside. The level concrete C1 has holes for fixing the pair of rails R1 and R2. The pair of rails R1 and R2 is fixed to the level concrete C1 by tightening the nut N into the anchor bolt M inserted in the drilled hole and the holes formed in the flanges R1A and R2A.

  As shown in FIG. 3, concrete C2 is placed between the pair of rails R1 and R2. The web R1B of the rail R1 and the web R2B of the rail R2 are forms of concrete C2 for the slab.

  After the concrete C2 is poured, the surface of the concrete C2 is roughened through steps such as compaction. For roughening the surface of the concrete C2, for example, a trowel or a fixed tree is used. After roughening the surface of the concrete C2, the operator operates the truss screed 1 to move the surface of the concrete C2 in the longitudinal direction of the rails R1 and R2, and performs the finishing smoothing.

  After moving the truss screed 1 by a predetermined distance, the operator performs surveying at the next surveying position, roughens the surface of the concrete C2, and leveles. The worker repeats the above-mentioned steps to finish and even the surface of the concrete C2 and the truss screed 1.

  In order to make the surface of the concrete C2 flat using the truss screed 1, it depends on the rail R being installed correctly so that the level of the rail R coincides with the horizontal plane. The trowel part 15 of the truss screed 1 moves along the top surface Ra of the rail R. When the rail R is tilted, the trowel portion 15 of the truss screed 1 passes through the position (top portion) at the maximum level on the top surface Ra of the rail R. Therefore, in order to form a smooth concrete surface using the truss screed 1, accurate measurement of the position of the top of the top surface Ra of the rail R is required.

  As shown in FIG. 4, since the rail R is installed so as to be inclined and the top surface Ra is a curved surface, it is difficult to accurately measure the maximum level of the rail R on the top surface Ra.

  As shown in FIGS. 5 to 7, the measuring jig 20 is a jig that is placed on the rail R and accurately measures the top of the rail R. The measurement jig 20 includes, for example, a housing 21 placed on the top surface Ra of the rail R, and a pressing unit 40 that presses and grips both side surfaces of the rail R.

  The housing 21 includes a flat surface portion T to be measured on the upper surface side. The housing 21 is configured such that when it is placed on the rail R, the flat surface portion T is arranged at a position above the top surface Ra of the rail R and spaced apart by a predetermined distance. An instrument for detecting the inclination of the level L or the like is placed on the flat portion T, and the pressing portion 40 is adjusted as described later to adjust the inclination of the housing so that the flat portion T becomes horizontal.

  The housing 21 includes a top plate 22 formed of, for example, a rectangular plate body. The top surface of the top plate 22 is a flat surface portion T to be measured. A first side plate 23 that vertically hangs is provided at one end 22 a of the top plate 22. The first side plate 23 is formed of a rectangular plate body. Further, the other end 22b of the top plate 22 is provided with a second side plate 24 that hangs in the vertical direction. The second side plate 24 is formed of a rectangular plate-like body having the same shape as the first side plate 23. One surface 23a side of the first side plate 23 and one surface 24a side of the second side plate 24 are arranged facing each other and in parallel.

  With such a configuration, a housing space S for housing the rail R so as to cover the rail R from above is formed on the lower surface side of the housing 21. That is, the accommodation space S is a space surrounded by the lower surface 22c of the top plate 22, the one surface 23a of the first side plate 23, and the one surface 24a of the second side plate 24.

  In the accommodation space S, below the top plate 22, a support portion 30 for supporting the housing 21 with respect to the rail R is provided. The support 30 includes, for example, two wheels 31 and 32. The wheels 31, 32 are, for example, ball bearings having a predetermined width. The wheels 31 and 32 are arranged below the plane portion T in the accommodation space S at a predetermined distance. The wheels 31 and 32 are pivotally supported so that the axis P is parallel to the plane portion T.

  The wheel 31 is rotatably supported by a shaft 33 that penetrates the first side plate 23 and the second side plate 24 in the accommodation space S, for example. The shaft 33 has, for example, a front end portion 33a inserted through a through hole formed in the second side plate 24, and a rear end portion 33b inserted through a through hole provided in the first side plate 23. The rear end portion 33b of the shaft 33 projects from the other surface 23b side of the first side plate 23. The rear end portion 33b of the shaft 33 is formed to have a diameter larger than that of the shaft 33. The tip 33a of the shaft 33 projects from the other surface 24b side of the second side plate 24. A groove 33c is formed along the circumferential direction of the shaft 33 so that the diameter of the groove 33c is smaller than the diameter of the shaft 33 at the protruding portion of the tip 33a of the shaft 33. A stopper C for preventing the shaft 33 from falling off is fitted in the groove 33c. The stopper C is, for example, a C ring or an E ring.

  A step 33d is provided on the first side plate 23 side of the shaft 33. The step 33d is formed at a position to hold the one surface 31a side of the wheel 31 so that the position of the wheel through which the shaft 33 is inserted becomes the center of the accommodation space S. The step 33d restricts the wheel 31 from moving toward the first side plate 23 side in the axial direction of the shaft 33. Instead of forming the step 33d on the shaft 33, a cylindrical collar may be used.

  The second side plate 24 side of the shaft 33 is inserted into a tubular collar F having an outer diameter larger than the diameter of the shaft 33. The collar F holds the other surface 31b of the wheel 31 and restricts the wheel 31 from moving toward the second side plate 24 in the axial direction of the shaft 33. The wheel 32 is also supported by the shaft 34 with the same structure as the wheel 31.

  With such a configuration, the wheels 31, 32 are arranged such that the bottom portions thereof are parallel to the flat surface portion T, and the bottom portions are spaced apart from the flat surface portion T downward by a predetermined distance. Then, when the housing 21 is placed on the rail R, the bottoms of the wheels 31 and 32 come into contact with the top surface Ra of the rail R, and the flat surface portion T is located at a position above the top surface Ra of the rail and separated by a predetermined distance. Fixed.

  As described above, since the rail R is installed so as to be inclined or the top surface Ra is not horizontal, the housing 21 is fixed to the rail R while keeping the housing 21 horizontal. The pressing portion 40 of is provided.

  The pressing portion 40 is configured to press and hold both side surfaces of the rail R to hold the housing 21 with respect to the rail R, for example. In addition, the pressing portion 40 is configured to move the housing 21 with respect to the rail R when a force in the axial direction of the rail R is applied to the housing 21. Further, the pressing portion 40 is configured to adjust the inclination of the housing 21 so that the flat surface portion T is horizontal when viewed from the cross-sectional direction of the rail R.

  The pressing portion 40 includes, for example, a first pressing portion 41 and a second pressing portion 42 that press the one side surface Rb of the rail R and a third pressing portion 43 that presses the other side surface Rc of the rail R in the accommodation space S. Equipped with.

  The first pressing portion 41 is a rod-shaped member having a base end supported by the first side plate 23 and a tip protruding toward the one side surface Rb of the rail R. At the tip of the first pressing portion 41, a ball roller B that movably presses one side surface Rb of the rail R that is the surface to be pressed is provided. In the accommodation space S, the first pressing portion 41 is formed so as to be expandable and contractible along the axial direction.

  The first pressing portion 41 includes a spring K1 that is an elastic body. The spring K1 biases the first pressing portion 41 in a direction in which the length along the axial direction extends. That is, the first pressing portion is biased by the spring K1 in the direction of pressing the one side surface Rb of the rail R. The spring K1 is, for example, a coil spring, and is slidably inserted in the first pressing portion 41.

  In the state where there is no rail R, the first pressing portion 41 releases the biasing force of the spring K1 and extends its entire length so that the position of the tip is closer to the second side plate 24 than the position of the one side surface Rb of the rail R. Extend to. Accordingly, the first pressing portion 41 can always press the one side surface Rb of the rail R even when the rail R is inclined with respect to the housing 21 within the adjustment range of the second pressing portion 42 described later.

  The second pressing portion 42 is a rod-shaped member having a base end supported by the first side plate 23 and a tip protruding toward the one side surface Rb of the rail R. The second pressing portion 42 is mounted in the accommodation space S at a position along the vertical downward direction with respect to the first pressing portion 41. A ball roller B that movably presses one side surface Rb of the rail R that is a surface to be pressed is provided at the tip of the second pressing portion 42.

  A screw groove is formed at the base end of the second pressing portion 42, and is screwed into a screw hole provided in the first side plate 23. The rear end portion of the second pressing portion 42 projects from the other surface 23b of the first side plate 23. A dial D is attached to the rear end of the second pressing portion 42. By changing the rotation direction in which the dial D is rotated, the length of the second pressing portion 42 in the accommodation space S along the axial direction is adjusted so as to be expandable and contractible.

  A spring K2, which is an elastic body, is attached between the dial D and the other surface 23b of the first side plate 23. The second pressing portion 42 is inserted through the spring K2. The spring K2 applies a biasing force to the dial D in a direction away from the first side plate 23, and prevents the second pressing portion 42 from rattling or loosening with respect to the first side plate 23.

  The third pressing portion 43 is a rod-shaped member whose base end is supported by the second side plate 24 and whose front end projects toward the other side surface Rc of the rail R and has a constant length. The third pressing portion 43 is arranged such that the axis line is between the first pressing portion 41 and the second pressing portion 42 when viewed in the cross-sectional direction (x-axis direction) of the rail R in the short side direction. Two third pressing portions 43 are provided at least in the horizontal direction.

  The third pressing portion 43 presses the one side surface Rb of the rail R by the first pressing portion 41 and the second pressing portion 42 to press the other side surface Rc of the rail R and give a reaction force to the rail R. With the above configuration. The pressing portion 40 holds both side surfaces of the rail R in a cross shape. The pressing portion 40 may have a plate shape as well as a rod shape. Further, the pressing portion 40 may be configured not only to press both side surfaces of the rail R with the ball roller B, but also to press with a plate-shaped member.

  As shown in FIG. 8, when the rail R is tilted with respect to the vertical direction when viewed from the cross-sectional direction of the short side, the housing 21 is placed on the rail R tilted with respect to the horizontal plane. At this time, the operator turns the dial D while looking at the level L to adjust the length of the second pressing portion 42 and adjust the inclination of the housing 21 so that the flat portion T becomes horizontal. In the example of FIG. 8, in the accommodation space S, the dial D is adjusted in the direction in which the second pressing portion 42 is extended.

  At this time, the housing 21 rotates around the third pressing portion 43 as a fulcrum. The first pressing portion 41 is pressed above the rail R to reduce its length and presses the one side surface Rb of the rail R. When the inclination of the rail R is in the opposite direction, the dial D may be adjusted in the accommodation space S so as to shorten the second pressing portion 42. In this case, the first pressing portion 41 extends in length according to the inclination of the rail and presses the one side surface Rb of the rail R.

  As shown in FIG. 9, the operator stops the rotation of the dial D at a position where the level L is horizontal, presses the top plate 22 from above, and secures the bottoms of the wheels 31 and 32 to the top surface Ra of the rail R. Contact. Then, the housing 21 is placed at the maximum level position (top portion) of the top surface Ra of the rail R.

  The operator measures the height from the reference plane in the survey of the flat surface portion T. Since the bottoms of the wheels 31, 32 are separated from the flat surface T by a predetermined distance, the position of the top of the top surface Ra of the rail R can be calculated by subtracting the value of the predetermined distance from the measurement result.

  When measuring the next measurement point on the rail R, the worker runs the measurement jig 20 on the rail R. At this time, the wheels 31 and 32 travel on the top surface Ra of the rail R, and at the pressing portion 40, each ball roller B moves while rolling on the surface to be pressed of the rail R, so that the worker applies a light force. The measuring jig 20 can be moved on the rail R only by giving it.

  The worker may remove the measuring jig 20 from the rail R and move it to the next measuring point. At this time, since each ball roller B of the pressing portion 40 moves while rolling on the surface to be pressed of the rail R, the operator can easily move the measuring jig 20.

  As described above, according to the measurement jig 20, even if the top surface Ra of the rail R is not horizontal, it is possible to perform a survey for calculating a virtual horizontal plane in contact with the top part of the top surface Ra of the rail R. Therefore, it is possible to greatly reduce the error of the surveying. Further, according to the measuring jig 20, the level at which the truss screed 1 is installed on the rail R can be converted into a horizontal plane. Furthermore, the measuring jig 20 can simplify the mounting, remounting, and adjusting work during surveying, and can significantly reduce the working time as compared with the conventional surveying method.

  Although one embodiment of the present invention has been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned one embodiment and can be appropriately modified without departing from the spirit thereof. For example, the housing may not have wheels and only the top plate may be used. In that case, instead of the wheels, only protrusions formed so as to project downward or the shafts may be used. Further, as the housing, any one may be used as long as the flat area is formed in the upper part and the rail accommodation space is formed. Further, the measuring jig may be applied not only to the measurement of the rail but also to the measurement of any member standing in the vertical direction.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Truss screed, 2... Truss unit, 10... Main body part, 11... Adjusting part, 15... Trowel part, 18... Vibration vibrator, 20... Measuring jig, 21... Housing, 22... Top plate, 22a... One end, 22b ... other end, 22c... lower surface, 23... first side plate, 23a... one surface, 23b... other surface, 24... second side plate, 24a... one surface, 30... support part, 31... wheel, 31a... one surface, 31b... other surface , 32... Wheels, 33... Shafts, 33a... Tip parts, 33b... Rear end parts, 33c... Grooves, 33d... Steps, 34... Shafts, 40... Pressing parts, 41... First pressing parts, 42... Second pressing parts , 43... Third pressing portion, B... Ball roller, C... Stopper, C1... Level concrete, C2... Concrete, D... Dial, F... Color, K1, K2... Spring, L... Level, M... Anchor bolt, N... Nut, P... Axis, R, R1, R2... Rail, R1A... Flange, R1B... Web, R2A... Flange, R2B... Web, Ra... Top surface, Rb... One side, Rc... Other side, S... Housing Space, T... Plane

Claims (6)

A measuring jig for measuring the position of the top of the rail,
A housing provided with at least one top plate having a flat surface portion to be measured on the upper surface side,
On the lower surface side of the top plate, a support portion having a bottom portion parallel to the plane portion, the bottom portion being in contact with the top portion of the rail,
On the lower surface side, a pressing portion that presses and grips both side surfaces of the rail,
The pressing portion is configured such that a length thereof is adjusted on one side surface side of the rail to adjust an inclination of the rail of the housing when viewed from a lateral direction of the rail.
Measuring jig. The support portion is spaced apart from the flat surface portion on the lower surface side by a predetermined distance, has an axis supported axially in parallel with the flat surface portion, and has at least two wheels whose bottom portion contacts the top portion of the rail. Prepare,
The measuring jig according to claim 1. The pressing portion is
A first pressing portion that is provided so as to project toward one side surface of the rail on the lower surface side, presses one side surface of the rail with a tip end portion, and is extendable and contractible in length;
It is provided on the lower surface side so as to project toward one side surface of the rail at a position along the vertical direction with respect to the first pressing portion, and the one side surface is pressed by the tip end portion, and the length is adjustable. A second pressing portion that is
A third pressing portion provided on the lower surface side so as to project toward the other side surface of the rail, and pressing the other side surface with a tip end portion;
The measuring jig according to claim 1. A ball roller for movably pressing the surface to be pressed is provided at the tip end of each of the first pressing portion, the second pressing portion, and the third pressing portion.
The measuring jig according to claim 3. The second pressing portion is configured such that a length thereof is adjusted so that the flat surface portion is horizontal when viewed from the lateral direction of the rail.
The measuring jig according to claim 3 or 4. The first pressing portion is biased in a direction of pressing one side surface of the rail,
The measuring jig according to any one of claims 3 to 5.

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