JP2020066341A - Axle case structure - Google Patents

Axle case structure Download PDF

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JP2020066341A
JP2020066341A JP2018200469A JP2018200469A JP2020066341A JP 2020066341 A JP2020066341 A JP 2020066341A JP 2018200469 A JP2018200469 A JP 2018200469A JP 2018200469 A JP2018200469 A JP 2018200469A JP 2020066341 A JP2020066341 A JP 2020066341A
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axle case
cover
welded
welding
case structure
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JP7123740B2 (en
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佐藤　弘幸
Hiroyuki Sato
弘幸 佐藤
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Press Kogyo Co Ltd
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Press Kogyo Co Ltd
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/80—Technologies aiming to reduce greenhouse gasses emissions common to all road transportation technologies
    • Y02T10/86—Optimisation of rolling resistance, e.g. weight reduction 

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Abstract

To provide an axle case structure which can inhibit cracks in a welding part without increasing a plate thickness of a cover and inhibit occurrence of weld defects when the cover is welded to an axle case.SOLUTION: An axle case structure of the invention includes: an axle case 1 having an expansion part 12 expanding in a vertical direction at a center as seen in a vehicle width direction and an opening 14 provided at the rear side of the expansion part 12; and a cover 3 which covers the opening 14 and is welded to the axle case 1. The cover 3 has: a cover body 15 having a semispherical shell shape; a flange part 16 formed integrally with an outer periphery of the cover body 15; and a lip part 18 which is formed integrally with an outer edge of the flange part 16 and is bent so as to separate from the axle case 1. In a state that the flange part 16 contacts with the axle case 1, the lip part 18 is flare-welded to the axle case 1.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

本発明は、車軸ケースとカバーとを溶接によって接合した、車軸ケース構造に関する。   The present invention relates to an axle case structure in which an axle case and a cover are joined by welding.

従来、トラック駆動軸等を収容するものとして、車幅方向の中央において上下方向に膨出された膨出部を有するとともに、膨出部の後側に設けられた開口を有する車軸ケースと、この開口を覆って車軸ケースに溶接されたカバーと、を備える車軸ケース構造が知られている（例えば特許文献１、２を参照）。   Conventionally, an axle case that has a bulging portion that bulges in the up-down direction at the center in the vehicle width direction and that has an opening provided on the rear side of the bulging portion, as a unit for accommodating a truck drive shaft and the like, There is known an axle case structure including a cover that covers the opening and is welded to the axle case (see, for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2).

特開２００４−２６１８３３号公報JP 2004-261833 A 特開２０００−２４７１０４号公報JP, 2000-247104, A

このような車軸ケースを例えば大型トラックに搭載した場合、走行時における車両の加減速や方向転換の他、路面から受ける反力などによって車軸ケースとカバーとの溶接部に大きな負荷がかかると、溶接部における最も強度の低い部分に応力が集中し、その部分に亀裂が発生するおそれがある。またその亀裂が進展すると、車軸ケース内の潤滑油が漏れるおそれもある。   When such an axle case is mounted on a heavy-duty truck, for example, when a large load is applied to the welded portion between the axle case and the cover due to the reaction force received from the road surface, etc. Stress concentrates on the lowest strength part of the part, and there is a risk of cracks occurring at that part. Further, if the crack develops, the lubricating oil in the axle case may leak.

このような溶接部での亀裂を防止する方法として、一般に、カバーの板厚を厚くすることによって溶接部の「のど厚」を大きくし、これによって溶接部の強度を高めることが考えられる。図４は従来の車軸ケース構造について例示したものであって、車軸ケース２０に対してカバー２１のフランジ部２２を、隅肉溶接によって取り付けている。ここで、本図において二点鎖線で示すように、カバー２１の板厚を厚くすることによって隅肉溶接の溶接ビード２３を大きくすれば、「のど厚」を増大させることは可能である。しかし、カバー２１の板厚を厚くすることによって重量が増すため、近年求められている軽量化のニーズに反することになる。   As a method of preventing such cracks in the welded portion, it is generally considered that the “throat thickness” of the welded portion is increased by increasing the plate thickness of the cover, thereby increasing the strength of the welded portion. FIG. 4 illustrates a conventional axle case structure, in which the flange portion 22 of the cover 21 is attached to the axle case 20 by fillet welding. Here, as shown by the chain double-dashed line in this figure, the "throat thickness" can be increased by increasing the plate thickness of the cover 21 to increase the weld bead 23 for fillet welding. However, increasing the plate thickness of the cover 21 increases the weight, which is contrary to the recently required needs for weight reduction.

一方、特許文献１の図１には、カバー部材３２のフランジ部３２ａを段差状に折り曲げることによって段差部３を設け、これによって溶接ビード５の盛りしろを大きくして、接合部６の有効高さを高くした溶接部構造が示されている。このような溶接部構造によれば、カバー部材３２の板厚を厚くすることなく接合部６の「のど厚」を増すことができる。しかし、同文献の図１に示されているようにカバー部材３２の内側では、車軸ケースを構成する上部材３０及び下部材３１とフランジ部３２ａとの間に隙間が形成されている。すなわち、カバー部材３２を上部材３０及び下部材３１に隅肉溶接する際、溶接条件の変動や部材の位置ずれ等によって溶接ビード５がこの隙間にまで至ると溶け落ちが生じ、溶接欠陥につながるおそれがある。このため、このような溶接部構造においては、溶接条件の変動や部材の位置ずれ等が許容範囲を超えないように、厳密に管理する必要がある。   On the other hand, in FIG. 1 of Patent Document 1, the step portion 3 is provided by bending the flange portion 32a of the cover member 32 into a step shape, thereby increasing the margin of the welding bead 5 and increasing the effective height of the joint portion 6. A welded structure of increased height is shown. With such a welded portion structure, the "throat thickness" of the joint portion 6 can be increased without increasing the plate thickness of the cover member 32. However, as shown in FIG. 1 of the same document, inside the cover member 32, a gap is formed between the upper member 30 and the lower member 31 and the flange portion 32a that form the axle case. That is, when the cover member 32 is fillet-welded to the upper member 30 and the lower member 31, when the welding bead 5 reaches this gap due to fluctuations in welding conditions, displacement of the members, and the like, meltdown occurs, leading to welding defects. There is a risk. For this reason, in such a welded portion structure, it is necessary to strictly control so that variations in welding conditions, displacement of members, and the like do not exceed an allowable range.

また特許文献２の図４には、アクスルケース１０に溶接されるギアカバー３０について、底部３２の厚さに対して側壁部３４の厚さを厚くしたものが示されている。しかし、側壁部３４の厚さが厚くなることから重量の増大が免れない。   Further, FIG. 4 of Patent Document 2 shows a gear cover 30 welded to the axle case 10 in which the thickness of the side wall portion 34 is thicker than the thickness of the bottom portion 32. However, since the thickness of the side wall portion 34 is increased, the weight is inevitably increased.

本発明はこのような問題点を解決することを課題とするものであり、カバーの板厚を厚くすることなく溶接部における亀裂を抑制することができ、また、車軸ケースにカバーを溶接する際の溶接欠陥の発生を抑制することができる車軸ケース構造を提供することを目的とする。   The present invention has an object to solve such a problem, it is possible to suppress cracks in the welded portion without increasing the plate thickness of the cover, and when welding the cover to the axle case. It is an object of the present invention to provide an axle case structure capable of suppressing the occurrence of welding defects in the above.

本発明は、車幅方向の中央において上下方向に膨出された膨出部、及び該膨出部の後側に設けられた開口を有する車軸ケースと、該開口を覆って該車軸ケースに溶接されたカバーと、を備える車軸ケース構造であって、前記カバーは、半球殻状のカバー本体と、該カバー本体の外周に一体形成されたフランジ部と、該フランジ部の外縁に一体形成され前記車軸ケースから離間するように曲げられたリップ部とを有するものであって、前記フランジ部が前記車軸ケースに接触した状態で、該リップ部が該車軸ケースにフレア溶接されたことを特徴とする車軸ケース構造である。   The present invention relates to an axle case having a bulging portion bulging in the vertical direction at the center in the vehicle width direction, and an opening provided on the rear side of the bulging portion, and welding to the axle case covering the opening. And a cover that is formed, wherein the cover is a hemispherical shell-shaped cover body, a flange portion integrally formed on an outer periphery of the cover body, and an integrally formed outer edge of the flange portion. A lip portion bent so as to be separated from the axle case, wherein the lip portion is flare-welded to the axle case in a state where the flange portion is in contact with the axle case. It is an axle case structure.

フレア溶接の溶接ビードが、前記リップ部の頂面の少なくとも一部を覆う形状であることが好ましい。   It is preferable that the welding beads for flare welding have a shape that covers at least a part of the top surface of the lip portion.

また前記カバー本体の板厚をＴ、前記リップ部の高さをＨとするとき、Ｔ≦Ｈ≦２×Ｔの関係を満たすことが好ましい。   When the plate thickness of the cover body is T and the height of the lip portion is H, it is preferable that the relationship of T ≦ H ≦ 2 × T is satisfied.

本発明の車軸ケース構造においては、カバーに設けたリップ部によって、カバーの剛性を向上させることができる。これにより、そのカバーを溶接してなる車軸ケース構造の全体の剛性も高まるため、走行時における溶接部に生じる変形量も小さくなって亀裂発生のおそれを低減することができる。またリップ部は、フランジ部の外縁において車軸ケースから離間するように曲げられて形成されていて、車軸ケースとカバーとはフレア溶接で接合されるため、溶接ビードの余盛りが増えて溶接部周辺の剛性を更に高めることができる。従って、亀裂発生のおそれを一層低減することができる。加えて、車軸ケースとカバーとは、フランジ部が車軸ケースに接触した状態で溶接されるため、フランジ部と車軸ケースとの間に隙間を設けていた従来の構造に比して、溶接条件の変動や部材の位置ずれ等をそれ程厳密に管理しなくても、溶接欠陥に陥る事態を回避することができる。   In the axle case structure of the present invention, the rigidity of the cover can be improved by the lip portion provided on the cover. As a result, the rigidity of the entire axle case structure formed by welding the cover is increased, so that the amount of deformation of the welded portion during traveling is also reduced and the risk of cracking can be reduced. Further, the lip portion is formed by being bent at the outer edge of the flange portion so as to be separated from the axle case, and the axle case and the cover are joined by flare welding. The rigidity of can be further increased. Therefore, the risk of cracking can be further reduced. In addition, since the axle case and the cover are welded in a state where the flange portion is in contact with the axle case, compared with the conventional structure in which a gap is provided between the flange portion and the axle case, the welding condition It is possible to avoid the occurrence of welding defects without strict management of fluctuations and displacement of members.

本発明に従う車軸ケース構造の一実施形態につき、その分解状態を示す斜視図である。1 is a perspective view showing an exploded state of an embodiment of an axle case structure according to the present invention. 図１の実施形態における車軸ケースとカバーとの溶接部周辺を示した部分拡大図である。FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged view showing the vicinity of a welded portion between an axle case and a cover in the embodiment of FIG. 1. 図２の実施形態に対し、更にカバーの裏側に溶接を追加した例を示した部分拡大図である。FIG. 3 is a partially enlarged view showing an example in which welding is further added to the back side of the cover with respect to the embodiment of FIG. 2. 従来の車軸ケースとカバーとの溶接部周辺を示した部分拡大図である。FIG. 10 is a partially enlarged view showing the periphery of a welded portion between a conventional axle case and a cover.

以下、図面を参照しながら、本発明に従う車軸ケース構造の一実施形態について説明する。図１に示すように本実施形態の車軸ケース構造は、車軸ケース１、リング２、及びカバー３で構成されている。   An embodiment of an axle case structure according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. As shown in FIG. 1, the axle case structure of this embodiment includes an axle case 1, a ring 2 and a cover 3.

本実施形態の車軸ケース１は、平板状の板金をプレス加工によって所定の形状にした上側ケース４と下側ケース５を溶接によって接合した、板金溶接組立構造となるものである。ここで上側ケース４は、断面形状が下方を開放した溝形になるものであって、車幅方向の中央には上側膨出部６を有し、上側膨出部６の前方及び後方には、上方に向けて凹状になる前方上側凹部７と後方上側凹部８を有している。また下側ケース５は、断面形状が上方を開放した溝形になるものであって、車幅方向の中央には下側膨出部９を有し、下側膨出部９の前方及び後方には、下方に向けて凹状になる前方下側凹部１０と後方下側凹部１１を有している。そして上側ケース４と下側ケース５を向き合わせて溶接（突合わせ溶接）し、車軸ケース１としている。   The axle case 1 of this embodiment has a sheet metal welding assembly structure in which an upper case 4 and a lower case 5, which are formed into a predetermined shape by pressing a flat sheet metal, are joined by welding. Here, the upper case 4 has a groove shape whose cross section is open downward, has an upper bulging portion 6 at the center in the vehicle width direction, and has a front bulging portion 6 at the front and rear thereof. , Has a front upper concave portion 7 and a rear upper concave portion 8 which are concave upward. Further, the lower case 5 has a groove shape whose cross-section is open upward, and has a lower bulging portion 9 at the center in the vehicle width direction, and the front and rear sides of the lower bulging portion 9 Has a front lower recess 10 and a rear lower recess 11, which are recessed downward. Then, the upper case 4 and the lower case 5 are opposed to each other and welded (butt welding) to form the axle case 1.

このような車軸ケース１には、上側膨出部６と下側膨出部９が組み合わさることによって、車幅方向の中央において上下方向に膨出する膨出部１２が形成される。なお膨出部１２には、不図示のディファレンシャルギヤ機構が収容される。また車軸ケース１の中央前方には、前方上側凹部７と前方下側凹部１０が組み合わさることによって前方開口部１３が形成され、中央後方には、後方上側凹部８と後方下側凹部１１が組み合わさることによって後方開口部１４が形成される。   In such an axle case 1, a combination of the upper bulging portion 6 and the lower bulging portion 9 forms a bulging portion 12 that bulges in the vertical direction at the center in the vehicle width direction. The bulging portion 12 accommodates a differential gear mechanism (not shown). A front opening 13 is formed in the front center of the axle case 1 by combining the front upper recess 7 and the front lower recess 10, and a rear upper recess 8 and a rear lower recess 11 are combined in the center rear. As a result, the rear opening 14 is formed.

上述したリング２は、車軸ケース１にディファレンシャルギヤ機構のギヤケースを取り付けるにあたって補強部材として機能するものであって、前方開口部１３の周囲に溶接して車軸ケース１に接合される。またカバー３は、ディファレンシャルギヤ機構の潤滑油等が収容される車軸ケース１を密閉するべく、後方開口部１４の周囲に溶接される。   The ring 2 described above functions as a reinforcing member when the gear case of the differential gear mechanism is attached to the axle case 1, and is joined to the axle case 1 by welding around the front opening 13. Further, the cover 3 is welded around the rear opening 14 so as to seal the axle case 1 in which the lubricating oil of the differential gear mechanism is stored.

ここでカバー３は、図１、図２に示すように、半球殻状のカバー本体１５と、カバー本体１５の外周に一体形成された平坦円環状のフランジ部１６と、フランジ部１６の外縁に一体形成され、車軸ケース１から離間するように曲げられて曲げ部１７が設けられたリップ部１８と、を有するものである。そして、フランジ部１６を車軸ケース１に全面的に接触させた状態で、後方開口部１４を囲繞するように曲げ部１７と車軸ケース１とをフレア溶接することにより、車軸ケース１とカバー３とを接合している。本実施形態においては、図２に示すように溶接ビード１９が、リップ部１８における頂面２０の一部を覆うようにフレア溶接されている。   As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the cover 3 includes a cover body 15 having a hemispherical shell shape, a flat annular flange portion 16 integrally formed on the outer periphery of the cover body 15, and an outer edge of the flange portion 16. And a lip portion 18 that is integrally formed and that is bent so as to be separated from the axle case 1 and that is provided with a bent portion 17. Then, with the flange portion 16 being in full contact with the axle case 1, the bending portion 17 and the axle case 1 are flare-welded so as to surround the rear opening portion 14, whereby the axle case 1 and the cover 3 are connected to each other. Are joined together. In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, the weld bead 19 is flare welded so as to cover a part of the top surface 20 of the lip portion 18.

このような構成になる本実施形態の車軸ケース構造によれば、カバー３にリップ部１８を設けているため、従来のカバーに比して剛性を向上させることができ、それに伴い、このカバー３を溶接してなる車軸ケース構造の全体の剛性も高めることができる。加えて、後方開口部１４を囲繞するように延在するリング状の溶接ビード１９が補強部材のように機能するため、車軸ケース構造の剛性をより高めることができる。これにより、車両走行時に車軸ケース１とカバー３との溶接部に生じる変形量を小さくすることができるため、溶接部に亀裂が発生するおそれを低減することができる。そして、車軸ケース１とカバー３とはフレア溶接により接合されていて、従来の隅肉溶接に比して溶接ビード１９の余盛りが増えるため、溶接部周辺の剛性を更に高めることができ、亀裂発生のおそれを一層低減することができる。特に本実施形態においては、溶接ビード１９がリップ部１８の頂面２０の一部を覆うようにフレア溶接されていて、従来に比して溶接ビード１９の余盛りが確実に増えることになるため、溶接ビード１９による補強部材としての機能をより高めることができる。   According to the axle case structure of the present embodiment having such a configuration, since the cover 3 is provided with the lip portion 18, the rigidity can be improved as compared with the conventional cover, and accordingly, the cover 3 It is also possible to increase the rigidity of the entire axle case structure formed by welding. In addition, since the ring-shaped weld bead 19 extending so as to surround the rear opening 14 functions like a reinforcing member, the rigidity of the axle case structure can be further increased. As a result, the amount of deformation that occurs in the welded portion between the axle case 1 and the cover 3 when the vehicle is traveling can be reduced, and the risk of cracks occurring in the welded portion can be reduced. Further, the axle case 1 and the cover 3 are joined by flare welding, and the extra amount of the weld bead 19 is increased as compared with the conventional fillet welding, so that the rigidity around the welded portion can be further increased and cracks can be formed. The risk of occurrence can be further reduced. In particular, in the present embodiment, the weld bead 19 is flare-welded so as to cover a part of the top surface 20 of the lip portion 18, and the extra amount of the weld bead 19 will surely increase as compared with the conventional case. The function of the welding bead 19 as a reinforcing member can be further enhanced.

なおカバー３において、リップ部１８の高さがカバー本体１５の板厚よりも小さい場合は、カバー３の剛性を十分に高めることができないうえ、溶接ビード１９の余盛りをそれ程増やすことができないことから、溶接ビード１９による補強部材としての機能が十分に発揮されるとはいえない。また、リップ部１８の高さがカバー本体１５の板厚の２倍を超えると、カバー３の重量増加が顕著になり、軽量化の要請を満足することができない。このためカバー３の剛性を十分に高めるとともに重量増加を最小限に抑えるには、図２に示すように、カバー本体１５の板厚をＴ、リップ部１８の高さをＨとするとき、Ｔ＜Ｈ≦２×Ｔの関係を満たすことが好ましい。   In the cover 3, if the height of the lip portion 18 is smaller than the plate thickness of the cover body 15, the rigidity of the cover 3 cannot be sufficiently increased, and the swell of the welding bead 19 cannot be increased so much. Therefore, it cannot be said that the function of the welding bead 19 as the reinforcing member is sufficiently exerted. Further, when the height of the lip portion 18 exceeds twice the plate thickness of the cover body 15, the weight increase of the cover 3 becomes remarkable, and the request for weight reduction cannot be satisfied. Therefore, in order to sufficiently enhance the rigidity of the cover 3 and minimize the increase in weight, when the plate thickness of the cover body 15 is T and the height of the lip portion 18 is H, as shown in FIG. It is preferable to satisfy the relationship of <H ≦ 2 × T.

更に車軸ケース１とカバー３は、図３に示すように後方開口部１４付近において隅肉溶接による裏溶接部２１で接合されていてもよい。これによりカバー３は、前述のフレア溶接によって外縁が接合されるとともに、この隅肉溶接によって内縁も接合されることになるため、亀裂発生のおそれが一段と低減できる。   Further, the axle case 1 and the cover 3 may be joined together by a back welded portion 21 by fillet welding near the rear opening 14 as shown in FIG. As a result, the outer edge of the cover 3 is joined by the flare welding described above, and the inner edge is also joined by the fillet welding, so that the risk of cracking can be further reduced.

以上、本発明に従う車軸ケース構造の一実施形態について説明したが、本実施形態は一例に過ぎず、本発明には特許請求の範囲に従う範疇で種々の変更を加えたものも含まれる。例えば本実施形態の車軸ケース１は、上側ケース４と下側ケース５を溶接によって接合した板金溶接組立構造となるものであったが、例えば鋳造によって当初から一体的に形成してもよい。   Although one embodiment of the axle case structure according to the present invention has been described above, the present embodiment is merely an example, and the present invention includes various modifications within the scope of the claims. For example, the axle case 1 of the present embodiment has a sheet metal welding assembly structure in which the upper case 4 and the lower case 5 are joined by welding, but they may be integrally formed from the beginning by casting, for example.

１：車軸ケース
３：カバー
１２：膨出部
１４：後方開口部（開口）
１５：カバー本体
１６：フランジ部
１７：曲げ部
１８：リップ部
１９：溶接ビード
２０：頂面 1: axle case 3: cover 12: bulge 14: rear opening (opening)
15: cover body 16: flange part 17: bent part 18: lip part 19: weld bead 20: top surface

Claims (3)

車幅方向の中央において上下方向に膨出された膨出部、及び該膨出部の後側に設けられた開口を有する車軸ケースと、該開口を覆って該車軸ケースに溶接されたカバーと、を備える車軸ケース構造であって、
前記カバーは、半球殻状のカバー本体と、該カバー本体の外周に一体形成されたフランジ部と、該フランジ部の外縁に一体形成され前記車軸ケースから離間するように曲げられたリップ部とを有するものであって、前記フランジ部が前記車軸ケースに接触した状態で、該リップ部が該車軸ケースにフレア溶接されたことを特徴とする車軸ケース構造。 An axle case having a bulging portion that bulges in the vertical direction in the center in the vehicle width direction and an opening provided on the rear side of the bulging portion; and a cover that covers the opening and is welded to the axle case. And an axle case structure comprising:
The cover includes a hemispherical shell-shaped cover body, a flange portion integrally formed on an outer periphery of the cover body, and a lip portion integrally formed on an outer edge of the flange portion and bent so as to be separated from the axle case. An axle case structure, characterized in that the lip portion is flare-welded to the axle case in a state where the flange portion is in contact with the axle case. フレア溶接の溶接ビードが、前記リップ部の頂面の少なくとも一部を覆う形状であることを特徴とする請求項１に記載の車軸ケース構造。   The axle case structure according to claim 1, wherein the welding bead of the flare welding has a shape that covers at least a part of a top surface of the lip portion. 前記カバー本体の板厚をＴ、前記リップ部の高さをＨとするとき、Ｔ≦Ｈ≦２×Ｔの関係を満たすことを特徴とする請求項１又は２に記載の車軸ケース構造。

The axle case structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein when the plate thickness of the cover body is T and the height of the lip portion is H, the relationship of T ≤ H ≤ 2 x T is satisfied.

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Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH03126292U (en) * 1990-03-29 1991-12-19
JP2010143352A (en) * 2008-12-17 2010-07-01 Press Kogyo Co Ltd Structure of axle case

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH03126292U (en) * 1990-03-29 1991-12-19
JP2010143352A (en) * 2008-12-17 2010-07-01 Press Kogyo Co Ltd Structure of axle case

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