JP2020063105A - Clamp - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a new and improved clamp which can properly hold a rail irrespective of the progress of reduction in the wall thickness on the side surface of the rail.SOLUTION: A clamp is fastened to a structure moving on a rail and holds the rail. The clamp includes a lever part. The lever part includes: a holding part which is provided on one side of the lever part and holds both side surfaces of the rail; and a hole which is formed on the other side of the lever part, and in which a pin is inserted extending in the direction crossing with respect to a surface to which the rail is fixed. The holding part includes a pair of opposing parts opposing to both side surfaces of the rail respectively, and the length of the opposing direction of the pair of opposing parts of the hole is longer than an outer diameter of the pin.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 8

Description

  The present invention relates to clamps.

  Conventionally, in order to prevent structures such as cranes that move on rails fixed to the surface of various pedestals installed on the ground or indoors (for example, the ceiling of a building) from being moved by external force, The structure is fixed by generating a braking force by gripping the rail with a clamp that is fastened.

  For example, in Patent Document 1, a holder having a pair of support portions facing both side surfaces of a rail is attached to a crane, and a clamp body formed of a wedge-shaped member is inserted between each side surface of the rail and each support portion. Discloses a technique for fixing a crane by gripping a rail.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 4-59595

  By the way, there is a lever type clamp as a clamp for fixing a structure moving on a rail. The lever type clamp includes a lever portion having a grip portion that grips both side surfaces of the rail, and the grip portion is provided with a pair of facing portions that respectively face both side surfaces of the rail. Further, the lever portion is rotatable about an axis that is located outside the pair of facing portions and intersects the surface on which the rail is fixed. Therefore, for example, when an external force acts on the clamp fastened to the crane due to the wind being received by the crane, the lever portion rotates around the axis, and the pair of opposing portions causes the rail to move in the rail width direction. To be gripped.

  Here, in the situation where the rail is used, the side surface of the rail is thinned due to wear or the like. Therefore, the width of the rail is reduced from the beginning of use of the rail as the side surface of the rail is thinned. However, the conventional lever type clamp is basically designed without assuming that the width of the rail will decrease from the start of use. Therefore, at the beginning of use of the rail, both of the pair of facing portions can be brought into contact with the side surface of the rail. There is a possibility that a part does not come into contact with the side surface of the rail and only the other facing part comes into contact with the side surface of the rail. In this way, when only the other facing portion abuts the side surface of the rail, stress concentrates on the contact portion between the other facing portion and the rail, which may cause cracks in the grip portion or the rail may be flawed. There is a risk.

  Therefore, the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to enable the rail to be properly gripped regardless of the progress of the thinning of the side surface of the rail. And to provide an improved clamp.

In order to solve the above problems, according to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a clamp which is fastened to a structure moving on a rail and holds the rail, wherein the clamp includes a lever portion, and the lever portion includes A grip portion provided on one side of the lever portion for gripping both side surfaces of the rail, and a pin formed on the other side of the lever portion and extending in a direction intersecting a surface on which the rail is fixed. And a hole into which the pin is inserted, the grip portion includes a pair of facing portions that respectively face both side surfaces of the rail, and the length of the hole in the facing direction of the pair of facing portions is the pin. Longer than the outer diameter of
A clamp is provided.

  The hole may have a width substantially the same as the outer diameter of the pin, and may be a long hole formed along the facing direction of the pair of facing portions.

In the pair of facing portions, facing surfaces that face each other in parallel are respectively formed.
The length of the facing surface of the facing portion on the side closer to the pin may be longer than the length of the facing surface of the facing portion on the side far from the pin.

  An inclined surface that is inclined with respect to the facing surface may be connected to both sides of the facing surface.

  The inclined surface may have a curved surface.

  As described above, according to the present invention, the rail can be properly gripped regardless of the progress of the thinning of the side surface of the rail.

It is a side view which shows the clamp which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention, and the schematic structure of the crane with which the said clamp is fastened. It is a top view which shows schematic structure of the clamp which concerns on the same embodiment, and the clamp with which the said clamp is fastened. It is a top view which shows schematic structure of the internal structure of the clamp which concerns on the same embodiment. It is a front view which shows schematic structure of the lever part of the clamp which concerns on the same embodiment. It is a schematic diagram which shows a mode that the rail before thinning is hold | gripped by the lever part of the clamp which concerns on a reference example. It is a schematic diagram which shows a mode that the rail after thinning is hold | gripped by the lever part of the clamp which concerns on a reference example. It is a schematic diagram which shows a mode that the rail before thinning is hold | gripped by the lever part of the clamp which concerns on the same embodiment. It is a schematic diagram which shows a mode that the rail after thinning is hold | gripped by the lever part of the clamp which concerns on the same embodiment. It is a schematic diagram which shows a mode that the rail before thinning is hold | gripped by the lever part of the clamp which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a schematic diagram which shows a mode that the rail after thinning is hold | gripped by the lever part of the clamp which concerns on the same embodiment. It is a schematic diagram which shows schematic structure of the lever part of the clamp which concerns on the 3rd Embodiment of this invention. It is a schematic diagram which shows schematic structure of the lever part of the clamp which concerns on the 4th Embodiment of this invention. It is a schematic diagram which shows schematic structure of the lever part of the clamp which concerns on the 5th Embodiment of this invention.

  Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the present specification and the drawings, constituent elements having substantially the same functional configuration are designated by the same reference numerals, and duplicate description will be omitted.

<1. First Embodiment>
A clamp 50 according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 8.

  Specifically, the clamp 50 is used to fix the crane 90 that moves on the rail 10 that is fixed to the ground G1. The crane 90 corresponds to an example of the structure according to the present invention.

  The structure according to the present invention may be a structure other than the crane 90 (for example, an unloader provided on the quay). That is, the clamp according to the present invention can be widely used for structures other than the crane 90. The place where the structure is provided is not particularly limited, and may be, for example, a place other than the quay. The surface on which the rail 10 is fixed is not limited to the ground G1 and may be, for example, the surface of various pedestals installed indoors or outdoors (for example, the ceiling of a building). That is, the clamp according to the present invention may be used for, for example, a structure moving on a rail fixed to the ceiling.

[1-1. Constitution]
First, the configuration of the clamp 50 according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4.

  FIG. 1 is a side view showing a schematic configuration of a clamp 50 and a crane 90 to which the clamp 50 is fastened. FIG. 2 is a top view showing a schematic configuration of the clamp 50 and the crane 90 to which the clamp 50 is fastened.

  In each drawing referred to below, the rail longitudinal direction that is the longitudinal direction of the rail 10 is the X direction, the rail width direction that is the width direction of the rail 10 is the Y direction, and the direction orthogonal to the ground G1 is the Z direction. It is shown. The X direction, the Y direction, and the Z direction are orthogonal to each other.

  The crane 90 is a structure for lifting and transporting cargo. Specifically, the crane 90 is provided on the quay, and is used for loading and unloading cargo on a ship moored on the quay. Further, the crane 90 moves on the rail 10 fixed to the ground G1. Specifically, the crane 90 can move on the rail 10 while the function of the clamp 50 holding the rail 10 is stopped so that the clamp 90 does not fix the crane 90. The width of the rail 10 at the start of use (that is, the width before thinning) is, for example, about 100 mm.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the crane 90 includes a main body 901 and wheels 902.

  The main body 901 is configured to include, for example, a plurality of frame members joined to each other, and is provided between the pair of rails 10. On the upper part of the main body 901, a movable part (not shown) including hooks, wires, etc. for suspending cargo etc. is mounted.

  The wheel 902 is rollable on the rail 10. The wheels 902 are provided below the main body 901, and a plurality of wheels 902 are provided for each rail 10. By rolling these wheels 902 on the rail 10, the crane 90 can move on the rail 10.

  The clamp 50 is fastened to the crane 90 and grips the rail 10. As a result, a braking force can be generated, so that the crane 90 can be fixed. Specifically, the clamp 50 uses the force of the wind to exert a braking force, and the operating principle thereof will be described later. Specifically, the clamp 50 is fastened to the positive side of the crane 90 in the rail longitudinal direction X and is provided for each rail 10.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the clamp 50 includes a lever portion 700. Further, the clamp 50 includes a main body portion 500 and wheels 600.

  The body portion 500 is fastened to the crane 90 via the fastening portion 80. The fastening portion 80 includes, for example, a first connecting portion 801 connected to the crane 90 and a second connecting portion 802 connected to the clamp 50. For example, the main body portion 500 is fastened to the crane 90 by engaging the end portion of the first connecting portion 801 and the end portion of the second connecting portion 802 with each other.

  The wheel 600 is rollable on the rail 10. The wheels 600 are provided in the lower portion of the main body 500, and, for example, a plurality of wheels 600 are arranged side by side in the rail longitudinal direction X.

  The lever portion 700 is for gripping the rail 10. Hereinafter, the configuration of the lever portion 700 will be described with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4.

  FIG. 3 is a top view showing a schematic configuration of the internal structure of the clamp 50. FIG. 4 is a front view showing a schematic configuration of the lever portion 700 of the clamp 50.

  In the present embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the clamp 50 is provided with two lever portions 700, but the number of lever portions in the clamp according to the present invention is particularly limited to this example. Not done. In FIG. 4, only the lever portion 700 of the two lever portions 700 on the positive side in the rail longitudinal direction X is shown.

  The lever portion 700 is provided on one side of the lever portion 700 and holds the side surfaces 101, 101 of the rail 10 and a grip portion 705. The lever portion 700 is formed on the other side of the lever portion 700 and is a surface on which the rail 10 is fixed. And a slot 709 into which a pin 502 extending in a direction intersecting with G1 is inserted. The grip portion 705 includes a pair of facing portions 701 and 702 facing the side surfaces 101 and 101 of the rail 10, respectively. The length of the pair of facing portions 701 and 702 of the elongated hole 709 in the facing direction D1 is longer than the outer diameter of the pin 502. Thus, the long hole 709 corresponds to an example of a hole according to the present invention having a length in the facing direction D1 that is longer than the outer diameter of the pin 502. Specifically, the elongated hole 709 has a width substantially the same as the outer diameter of the pin 502, and is formed along the facing direction D1 of the pair of facing portions 701 and 702. Since the elongated hole 709, which is a hole having a length in the facing direction D1 that is longer than the outer diameter of the pin 502, is formed in the lever portion 700, the lever portion 700 causes the ground portion G1 that is the surface to which the rail 10 is fixed. Is rotatable around an axis (specifically, the central axis A1 of the pin 502) located outside the pair of facing portions 701 and 702 and moving in the facing direction D1 of the pair of facing portions 701 and 702. It is possible.

  Specifically, a pair of frame members 501 and 501 that extend in the rail longitudinal direction X and are provided on the main body portion 500 are arranged on both sides of the rail 10, and each lever portion 700 has a different frame member 501. Is attached to. For example, the lever portion 700 on the negative side in the rail longitudinal direction X is attached to the frame member 501 on the positive side in the rail width direction Y, and the lever portion 700 on the positive side in the rail longitudinal direction X has the rail width It is attached to the frame member 501 on the negative side in the direction Y. Each lever portion 700 is provided across the frame member 501 and the rail 10.

  The grip portion 705 is provided on the rail 10 side of the lever portion 700, and is arranged so as to cover the upper surface of the rail 10. Opposing portions 701 and 702 of the grip portion 705 are provided so as to protrude downward on the rail 10 side of the lever portion 700 so as to face both side surfaces 101 and 101 of the rail 10, respectively. Specifically, the facing portion 701 is a facing portion located on the side of the frame member 501 on which the lever portion 700 is attached to the rail 10, and the facing portion 702 is on the frame member 501 side of the rail 10. It is the facing portion located on the opposite side to.

  The long hole 709 is formed so as to penetrate in the Z direction on the side of the frame member 501 of the lever portion 700 (specifically, on the side of the frame member 501 on which the lever portion 700 is attached). Specifically, the elongated hole 709 is formed along the facing direction D1 of the facing portions 701 and 702. That is, the length of the long hole 709 in the facing direction D1 is longer than the width of the long hole (in other words, the length in the direction orthogonal to the facing direction D1). A columnar pin 502 protruding in the Z direction and extending is provided on the upper portion of the frame member 501, and the lever member 700 is a frame member in a state in which the pin 502 is inserted into the long hole 709 and fitted. It is attached to 501. The width of the long hole 709 is substantially the same as the outer diameter of the pin 502. The long hole 703 is specifically located outside the facing portions 701 and 702. By forming the elongated hole 709 in the lever portion 700, the lever portion 700 is rotatable about the central axis A1 of the pin 502 and movable in the facing direction D1. A flange is provided on the upper part of the pin 502 as shown in FIG. 4 for the purpose of preventing the lever part 700 from coming off the pin 502. However, in other drawings than FIG. The illustration of the collar portion is omitted.

  As described above, the clamp 50 is, for example, a lever type clamp that grips the rail 10 by using the force of wind. The lever type clamp refers to a clamp that exerts a braking force on the rail 10 by rotating the lever 700 around the central axis A1 when a structure such as the crane 90 receives wind. For example, consider a case where an external force F1 acts on the clamp 50 in the positive direction of the rail longitudinal direction X, as shown in FIG. 3, when a structure such as the crane 90 receives wind. In this case, when the lever portion 700 swings and the facing portions 701 and 702 are caught on the rail 10, the lever portion 700 rotates about the central axis A1 relative to the main body portion 500. Specifically, as indicated by an arrow R1 in FIG. 3, the lever portion 700 rotates about the central axis A1 in a direction in which the facing portions 701 and 702 fall in the negative direction of the rail longitudinal direction X. By the lever portion 700 pivoting around the central axis A1 in this manner, the rail 10 can be gripped in the rail width direction Y by the pair of facing portions 701 and 702. The manner in which the rail 10 is gripped by the lever portion 700 will be described later in detail.

  On the other hand, when an external force acts on the clamp 50 in the negative direction of the rail longitudinal direction X (that is, when a force in the opposite direction to the above-mentioned external force F1 acts on the clamp 50), the lever part 700 is set to the facing part 701. 702 rotates about the central axis A1 in the direction in which the rail 702 is tilted in the positive direction of the rail longitudinal direction X. Therefore, the lever part 700 has a shape which is line-symmetrical about the axis of the facing direction D1.

  In the clamp 50, the lever 700 can be in a non-operating state even when an external force acts on the clamp 50. For example, when moving the crane 90 on the rail 10 with the clamp 50 fastened to the crane 90, the crane 90 can be moved smoothly by making the lever portion 700 inoperative.

[1-2. motion]
Then, operation | movement of the clamp 50 which concerns on this embodiment is demonstrated with reference to FIGS.

  Note that, in FIGS. 5 to 8, for easy understanding, only one lever portion attached to the frame member 501 on the negative side in the rail width direction Y of the plurality of lever portions provided in the clamp is shown. It is shown. Further, hereinafter, when distinguishing each side surface 101 of the rail 10, the side surface 101 on the positive side in the rail width direction Y is referred to as a side surface 101p, and the side surface 101 on the negative side in the rail width direction Y is referred to as a side surface 101n.

  In order to facilitate understanding, the gripping operation of the rail 10 by the clamp 58 according to the reference example in which the configuration of the lever portion is different from that of the clamp 50 according to the present embodiment will be described below, and then the present embodiment will be described. The gripping operation of the rail 10 by the clamp 50 will be described.

(Clamp 58 according to the reference example)
Although the lever portion 780 of the clamp 58 according to the reference example is rotatable about the central axis A1, unlike the lever portion 700 of the clamp 50 according to the present embodiment, the lever portion 780 of the pair of facing portions 781 and 782 of the grip portion 785 is different. It is not movable in the opposite direction D1. The facing portion 781 corresponds to the facing portion closer to the pin 502, and the facing portion 782 corresponds to the facing portion farther from the pin 502.

  FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 are schematic diagrams showing how the rail portion 780 of the clamp 58 according to the reference example grips the rail 10 before the metal thinning and how the rail 10 after the metal thinning is gripped, respectively.

  Specifically, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, unlike the lever portion 700 of the clamp 50 according to the present embodiment, a round hole 789 is formed in the lever portion 780 of the clamp 58, and the lever portion 780 is formed. 780 is attached to the frame member 501 in a state where the pin 502 of the frame member 501 is inserted into and fitted into the round hole 789. Thereby, the lever portion 780 is rotatable about the central axis A1 of the pin 502. The round hole 789 is formed so as to penetrate in the Z direction on the frame member 501 side of the lever portion 780, similarly to the long hole 703 of the lever portion 700.

  Further, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the horizontal cross-sectional shapes of the facing portions 781 and 782 are rectangles having the same size. The facing portions 781 and 782 are arranged such that the long sides of the facing portion 781 in the horizontal cross section and the long sides of the facing portion 782 in the horizontal cross section are parallel to each other. Therefore, the surface 781a of the facing portion 781 on the facing portion 782 side and the surface 782a of the facing portion 782 on the facing portion 781 face each other in parallel. In this way, the pair of facing portions 781 and 782 are respectively formed with facing surfaces that face each other in parallel. Hereinafter, the surface 781a of the facing portion 781 and the surface 782a of the facing portion 782 are referred to as facing surfaces.

  Here, the length L1 of the facing surface 781a of the facing portion 781 and the length L2 of the facing surface 782a of the facing portion 782 are the same. Further, the lever portion 780 has a shape that is line-symmetrical about the axis in the facing direction D1. In the present specification, the length of the facing surface of the facing portion means the length of the facing surface in the direction orthogonal to the Z direction.

  The lever portion 780 of the clamp 58 is designed so that both the facing portions 781 and 782 contact the side surface 101 of the rail 10 when the rail 10 is gripped when the side surface 101 of the rail 10 is not thinned. Specifically, when an external force F1 acts on the clamp 58 in the positive direction of the rail longitudinal direction X, one end of the facing surface 781a of the facing portion 781 is held at the time of gripping the rail 10 before thinning, as shown in FIG. The portion 781b is in contact with the side surface 101n of the rail 10, and the other end 781c of the facing surface 781a of the facing portion 781 is not in contact with the side surface 101n of the rail 10. Similarly, the other end 782c of the facing surface 782a of the facing portion 782 is in contact with the side surface 101p of the rail 10, and the one end 782b of the facing surface 782a of the facing portion 782 is not in contact with the side surface 101p of the rail 10. The inclination angle of the facing direction D1 with respect to the rail width direction Y at this time is θ18. Further, in the present specification, one end and the other end of the facing surface of the facing portion mean one end and the other end of the facing surface in a direction orthogonal to the Z direction.

  When the thickness reduction of the side surface 101 of the rail 10 progresses (for example, when the width of the rail 10 becomes about 90% of the width at the start of use), the lever portion 780 is further changed from the state shown in FIG. The rail 10 is gripped by rotating about the central axis A1. At this time, the facing portion 781 does not contact the rail 10 and only the facing portion 782 contacts the side surface 101 of the rail. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 6, although the other end portion 782c of the facing surface 782a of the facing portion 782 is in contact with the side surface 101p of the rail 10, both end portions 781b and 781c of the facing portion 781 are connected to the rail 10. Is separated from the side surface 101n of the rail, and the facing portion 781 is not in contact with the side surface 101n of the rail at all. At this time, the inclination angle θ28 of the facing direction D1 with respect to the rail width direction Y becomes larger than the inclination angle θ18 because the lever portion 780 is further rotated around the central axis A1 from the state shown in FIG.

  As described above, in the reference example, when the side surface 101 of the rail 10 is thinned when the rail 10 is gripped, the facing surface 781a of the facing portion 781 does not contact the side surface 101n of the rail 10 at all, and the facing portion 781a Only the other end 782c of the facing surface 782a of 782 comes into contact with the side surface 101p of the rail 10. As a result, the contact area between the grip portion 785 and the side surface 101 of the rail 10 is reduced as compared with the case where the side surface 101 of the rail 10 is not thinned. As a result, the stress concentrates on the contact portion between the other end 782c of the facing surface 782a of the facing portion 782 and the rail 10, and the gripping portion 785 may be cracked or the rail 10 may be flawed.

  When the crane 90 receives wind toward the positive side in the rail longitudinal direction X, a reaction force is generated in the lever portion 780 of the clamp 58 according to the reference example toward the negative side in the rail longitudinal direction X. When the inclination angle of the facing direction D1 with respect to the rail width direction Y when gripping the rail 10 increases, the component force in the Y direction (rail width direction) generated by the reaction force decreases. When the component force in the Y direction (rail width direction) generated by the reaction force decreases, the frictional force generated between the side surface 101 of the rail 10 and the facing portion 782 decreases. Since the braking force of the clamp 58 is a frictional force generated between the side surface 101 of the rail 10 and the facing portion 782, the reduction of the frictional force is synonymous with the reduction of the braking force of the clamp 58. Therefore, when the frictional force generated between the side surface 101 of the rail 10 and the facing portion 782 becomes small, the braking force of the clamp 58 is not sufficiently exerted and the rail 10 cannot be properly gripped.

  In order to exert a predetermined frictional force, the component force in the Y direction requires a constant load regardless of the magnitude of the tilt angle of the facing direction D1 with respect to the rail width direction Y when gripping the rail 10. . When the tilt angle of the facing direction D1 with respect to the rail width direction Y when the rail 10 is gripped becomes large, the component force in the X direction increases in order to keep the load in the rail width direction Y constant. Therefore, the load (combined load in the X direction and the Y direction at the contact point) applied to a portion of the side surface 101 of the rail 10 where the facing portion 782 contacts is increased. As described above, if the load applied to the portion of the side surface 101 of the rail 10 where the facing portion 782 contacts is increased, stress concentration and flaws may occur on the portion, which is not preferable.

(Clamp 50 according to the present embodiment)
The lever portion 700 of the clamp 50 according to the present embodiment has a problem that occurs in the reference example (that is, one facing portion does not contact the side surface 101 of the rail 10 and only the other facing portion contacts the side surface 101 of the rail 10. It is a device to eliminate the situation where contact occurs).

  The lever portion 700 of the clamp 50 is different from the lever portion 780 of the clamp 58 according to the reference example in that the lever portion 700 of the clamp 50 is movable in the facing direction D1 of the pair of facing portions 701 and 702 provided in the lever portion 700.

  FIG. 7 and FIG. 8 are schematic views showing how the lever portion 700 of the clamp 50 according to the present embodiment grips the rail 10 before thinning and how the rail 10 after thinning is gripped, respectively.

  Specifically, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the elongated hole 709 described above is formed along the facing direction D1 on the frame member 501 side of the lever portion 700 of the clamp 50, and the lever portion 700. Is attached to the frame member 501 in a state where the pin 502 of the frame member 501 is inserted and fitted into the long hole 709. As a result, the lever portion 700 is rotatable about the central axis A1 of the pin 502 and movable in the facing direction D1.

  Further, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the horizontal cross-sectional shapes of the facing portions 701 and 702 are rectangles having the same size. The facing portions 701 and 702 are arranged such that the long sides of the facing portion 701 in the horizontal cross section are parallel to the long sides of the facing portion 702 in the horizontal cross section. Therefore, the surface 701a of the facing portion 701 on the facing portion 702 side and the surface 702a of the facing portion 702 on the facing portion 701 side face each other in parallel. In this way, the pair of facing portions 701 and 702 are respectively formed with facing surfaces that face each other in parallel. Hereinafter, the surface 701a of the facing portion 701 and the surface 702a of the facing portion 702 are referred to as facing surfaces. Note that when the facing surface 701a and the facing surface 702a are parallel to each other, it is not limited to when the facing surface 701a and the facing surface 702a are strictly parallel to each other. For example, an angle formed by the facing surface 701a and the facing surface 702a. Includes the case where is less than 5 °.

  Here, the length L3 of the facing surface 701a of the facing portion 701 and the length L4 of the facing surface 702a of the facing portion 702 are the same. The lever portion 700 has a line-symmetrical shape about the axis in the facing direction D1 as described above.

  When gripping the rail 10 when the side surface 101 of the rail 10 is not thinned, in the lever portion 700 of the clamp 50, both the facing portions 701 and 702 of the lever 10 are the same as the lever portion 780 of the clamp 58 described above. Abut on the side surface 101. Specifically, when an external force F1 acts on the clamp 50 in the positive direction of the rail longitudinal direction X, as shown in FIG. 7, one end 701b of the facing surface 701a of the facing portion 701 contacts the side surface 101n of the rail 10. The other end 701c of the facing surface 701a of the facing portion 701 is not in contact with the side surface 101n of the rail 10. Similarly, the other end 702c of the facing surface 702a of the facing portion 702 contacts the side surface 101p of the rail 10, and the one end 702b of the facing surface 702a of the facing portion 702 does not contact the side surface 101p of the rail 10. The inclination angle of the facing direction D1 with respect to the rail width direction Y at this time is θ10.

  Then, when the side surface 101 of the rail 10 is reduced in thickness, the rail 10 is gripped by further rotating the lever portion 700 around the central axis A1 from the state shown in FIG. 7. At this time, the lever portion 700 rotates around the central axis A1 and moves and moves in the facing direction D1, whereby the posture of the lever portion 700 is such that both the facing portions 701 and 702 contact the side surface 101 of the rail 10. It becomes a posture. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 8, the lever portion 700 moves and moves in the facing direction D1 so that the facing portions 701 and 702 move away from the central axis A1 as compared with the state shown in FIG. The other end 702c of the facing surface 702a of the facing portion 702 contacts not only the side surface 101p of the rail 10, but also the one end 701b of the facing surface 701a of the facing portion 701 contacts the side surface 101n of the rail 10. At this time, the inclination angle θ20 of the facing direction D1 with respect to the rail width direction Y becomes larger than the inclination angle θ10 due to the lever portion 700 further rotating around the central axis A1 from the state shown in FIG. 7.

  Here, in the lever portion 700 of the clamp 50 according to the present embodiment, both the pair of facing portions 701 and 702 of the grip portion 705 are attached to the side surface 101 of the rail 10 regardless of the progress of the thinning of the side surface 101 of the rail 10. A mechanism that can be brought into contact with the will be described in detail.

  Basically, the lever clamp exerts a gripping force when one end of the facing surface of one facing portion of the gripping portion and the other end of the facing surface of the other facing portion contact the rail. is there.

  Here, the distance in the rail width direction Y between the ends of the facing portions is determined by the magnitude of the inclination angle of the facing direction D1 with respect to the rail width direction Y. That is, if the tilt angle of the facing direction D1 with respect to the rail width direction Y is small, the distance between the ends of the facing portions in the rail width direction Y is long, and if the tilt angle of the facing direction D1 with respect to the rail width direction Y is large, the facing direction D1 is facing. The distance in the rail width direction Y between the ends of the parts becomes shorter. In other words, if the distance in the rail width direction Y between the ends of the facing portions is increased, the inclination angle of the facing direction D1 with respect to the rail width direction Y becomes smaller, and the distance in the rail width direction Y between the ends of the facing portions becomes shorter. Then, the inclination angle of the facing direction D1 with respect to the rail width direction Y becomes large.

  In the lever portion 700 of the clamp 50 according to the present embodiment, the elongated hole 709 into which the pin 502 is inserted is formed along the facing direction D1. Therefore, the distance between the pin 502 and the grip portion 705 can be changed. That is, the distance between one end 701b of the facing surface 701a of the facing portion 701 and the pin 502 and the distance between the other end 702c of the facing surface 702a of the facing portion 702 and the pin 502 can be changed.

  Here, when the distance between the pin 502 and the grip portion 705 is short, the inclination angle of the facing direction D1 with respect to the rail width direction Y becomes small, and the grip portion 705 faces the one end portion 701b of the facing surface 701a of the facing portion 701. The distance in the rail width direction Y between the other end 702c of the facing surface 702a of the portion 702 becomes longer. On the other hand, when the distance between the pin 502 and the grip portion 705 becomes longer, the inclination angle of the facing direction D1 with respect to the rail width direction Y becomes larger, and the one end portion 701b of the facing surface 701a of the facing portion 701 of the grip portion 705 becomes larger. The distance in the rail width direction Y between the other end 702c of the facing surface 702a of the facing portion 702 becomes shorter.

  Thus, the distance in the rail width direction Y between the one end 701b of the facing surface 701a of the facing portion 701 and the other end 702c of the facing surface 702a of the facing portion 702 in the grip portion 705 can be freely changed. Even when the side surface 101 of the rail 10 is thinned, both the one end 701b of the facing surface 701a of the facing portion 701 and the other end 702c of the facing surface 702a of the facing portion 702 contact the side surface 101 of the rail 10. Therefore, the gripping force can be exerted.

[1-3. effect]
Next, the effect of the clamp 50 according to this embodiment will be described.

  In the clamp 50 according to the present embodiment, on the other side of the lever portion 700, an elongated hole 709 having a length in the facing direction D1 longer than the outer diameter of the pin 502 is formed, and the elongated hole 709 has a pin. 502 is inserted. Therefore, the lever portion 700 is rotatable about the central axis A1 of the pin 502 and movable in the facing direction D1 of the pair of facing portions 701 and 702. Accordingly, both the pair of facing portions 701 and 702 of the grip portion 705 can be brought into contact with the side surface 101 of the rail 10 regardless of the progress of the thinning of the side surface 101 of the rail 10. Therefore, since it is possible to suppress an increase in the stress generated in the contact portion between the grip portion 705 and the rail 10, it is possible to prevent the grip portion 705 from cracking and the rail 10 from being flawed. Therefore, according to the clamp 50 according to the present embodiment, the rail 10 can be properly gripped regardless of the progress of the thinning of the side surface 101 of the rail 10.

  Here, the hole formed on the other side of the lever portion 700 and into which the pin 502 is inserted has a width that is substantially the same as the outer diameter of the pin 502, and extends along the facing direction D1 of the pair of facing portions 701 and 702. It is preferable that the long hole 709 is formed as follows. This makes it possible to move the lever part 700 in the facing direction D1 while preventing the lever part 700 from colliding with the adjacent lever part 700 adjacent thereto. In the above description, the example in which the elongated hole 709 is formed as a hole having a length in the facing direction D1 that is longer than the outer diameter of the pin 502 in the lever portion 700 has been described, but the shape of the hole formed in the lever portion 700 is described. Is not limited to the above example. For example, a round hole having an outer diameter larger than the outer diameter of the pin 502 may be formed in the lever portion 700. Since the length of such a round hole in the facing direction D1 is longer than the outer diameter of the pin 502, the round hole is included in the hole according to the present invention.

<2. Second Embodiment>
Next, a clamp 51 according to the second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 9 and 10.

  In the above description, by the lever portion 700 of the clamp 50 according to the first embodiment, both the pair of facing portions 701 and 702 of the grip portion 705 are fixed to the rail 10 regardless of the progress of the thinning of the side surface 101 of the rail 10. It has been described that the side surface 101 can be brought into contact. Here, the inclination angle of the facing direction D1 with respect to the rail width direction Y when gripping the rail 10 after the thickness reduction may increase due to the lever portion being movable in the facing direction D1. For example, the inclination angle θ20 of the facing direction D1 with respect to the rail width direction Y shown in FIG. 8 is larger than the inclination angle θ28 of the facing direction D1 with respect to the rail width direction Y shown in FIG.

  As described above, when the inclination angle of the facing direction D1 with respect to the rail width direction Y increases, the component force in the Y direction (rail width direction) generated by the reaction force acting on the lever portion decreases, as described above, and the rail 10 moves. The frictional force generated between the side surface 101 and the grip portion is reduced. Therefore, the braking force of the clamp becomes small. Therefore, it is expected that a decrease in the braking force of the clamp is suppressed by suppressing an increase in the inclination angle of the facing direction D1 with respect to the rail width direction Y when gripping the rail 10.

  The lever portion 710 of the clamp 51 according to the second embodiment is similar to the lever portion 700 of the clamp 50 according to the first embodiment in that the problem that occurs in the reference example is solved. In the lever part 710 of the clamp 51 according to the second embodiment, the inclination angle of the lever part 710 with respect to the rail width direction Y in the facing direction D1 at the time of gripping the rail 10 causes the lever part to move in the facing direction D1. It is superior to the lever portion 700 of the clamp 50 according to the first embodiment in that it can be prevented from increasing.

  The lever portion 710 of the clamp 51 according to the second embodiment is different from the lever portion 700 of the clamp 50 according to the first embodiment with respect to the shapes of the pair of facing portions 711 and 712 of the grip portion 715.

  FIG. 9 and FIG. 10 are schematic diagrams showing how the lever 10 of the clamp 51 according to the present embodiment grips the rail 10 before metal thinning and how the rail 10 after metal thinning is gripped, respectively. 9 and 10, one lever attached to the frame member 501 on the negative side in the rail width direction Y of the plurality of lever portions 710 provided on the clamp 51 is illustrated for easy understanding. Only part 710 is shown.

  Specifically, as shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, the horizontal cross-sectional shape of the facing portions 711 and 712 is a rectangle. The facing portions 711 and 712 are arranged such that the long sides of the facing portion 711 in the horizontal cross section and the long sides of the facing portion 712 in the horizontal cross section are parallel to each other. Therefore, the pair of facing portions 711 and 712 are formed with facing surfaces 711a and 711a facing each other in parallel.

  Here, in the lever portion 710, unlike the lever portion 700 according to the first embodiment, the length L5 of the facing surface 711a of the facing portion 711 is longer than the length L6 of the facing surface 712a of the facing portion 712. There is. Since the facing portion 711 is arranged at a position closer to the pin 502 than the facing portion 712, the length L5 of the facing surface 711a of the facing portion 711 closer to the pin 502 is the length L5 of the facing portion 712 farther from the pin 502. It is longer than the length L6 of the facing surface 712a. The lever portion 710 has a line-symmetrical shape about the axis in the facing direction D1.

  When the external force F1 acts on the clamp 51 in the positive direction of the rail longitudinal direction X and when the rail 10 is gripped when the side surface 101 of the rail 10 is not thinned, the lever portion 710 of the clamp 51 uses the first embodiment. Similarly to the lever portion 700 of the clamp 50 according to the above, both the facing portions 711 and 712 contact the side surface 101 of the rail 10. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 9, one end 711 b of the facing surface 711 a of the facing portion 711 contacts the side surface 101 n of the rail 10, and the other end 711 c of the facing surface 711 a of the facing portion 711 of the rail 10. It is not in contact with the side surface 101n. Similarly, the other end 712c of the facing surface 712a of the facing portion 712 contacts the side surface 101p of the rail 10, and the one end 712b of the facing surface 712a of the facing portion 712 does not contact the side surface 101p of the rail 10. The inclination angle of the facing direction D1 with respect to the rail width direction Y at this time is θ11.

  Then, when the side surface 101 of the rail 10 is reduced in thickness, the rail 10 is gripped by further rotating the lever portion 710 around the central axis A1 from the state shown in FIG. At this time, similarly to the above-described lever portion 700, the lever portion 710 is rotated about the central axis A1 and is moved in the facing direction D1, so that the posture of the lever portion 710 is the same as that of the facing portions 711 and 712. Is in contact with the side surface 101 of the rail 10. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 10, the lever portion 710 moves in the facing direction D1 so that the facing portions 711 and 712 move away from the central axis A1 as compared with the state shown in FIG. The other end 712c of the facing surface 712a of the facing portion 712 contacts the side surface 101p of the rail 10, and the one end 711b of the facing surface 711a of the facing portion 711 also contacts the side surface 101n of the rail 10. At this time, the inclination angle θ21 of the facing direction D1 with respect to the rail width direction Y becomes larger than the inclination angle θ11 because the lever portion 710 is further rotated around the central axis A1 from the state shown in FIG.

  Here, the inclination angle θ21 of the facing direction D1 with respect to the rail width direction Y shown in FIG. 10 is smaller than the inclination angle θ20 of the facing direction D1 with respect to the rail width direction Y shown in FIG. This is because in the lever portion 710, the shape of the pair of facing portions 711 and 712 is set to a shape that suppresses an increase in the tilt angle of the facing direction D1 with respect to the rail width direction Y when the rail 10 is gripped. It is a thing.

  Specifically, in the lever portion 710, as described above, the length L5 of the facing surface 711a of the facing portion 711 is longer than the length L6 of the facing surface 712a of the facing portion 712. Accordingly, it is possible to appropriately suppress an increase in the tilt angle of the facing direction D1 with respect to the rail width direction Y when the rail 10 is gripped. Therefore, the inclination angle θ21 of the facing direction D1 with respect to the rail width direction Y when gripping the rail 10 after thinning is relative to the rail width direction Y of the facing direction D1 in gripping the rail 10 after thinning in the first embodiment. It can be made smaller than the tilt angle θ20. Therefore, it is possible to suppress a decrease in the braking force of the clamp 51 due to an increase in the tilt angle of the facing direction D1 with respect to the rail width direction Y when gripping the rail 10 after the thickness reduction, and thus the crane 90 is more appropriately fixed. can do.

<3. Third Embodiment>
Next, a clamp 52 according to the third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

  The lever portion 720 of the clamp 52 according to the third embodiment differs from the clamp 51 according to the second embodiment with respect to the shapes of the pair of facing portions 721 and 722 of the grip portion 725.

  FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram showing a schematic configuration of the lever portion 720 of the clamp 52. Note that, in FIG. 11, for easy understanding, only one lever portion 720 attached to the frame member 501 on the negative side in the rail width direction Y of the plurality of lever portions 720 provided in the clamp 52 is illustrated. It is shown.

  In the clamp 52, inclined surfaces that are inclined with respect to the facing surfaces are connected to both sides of the facing surfaces 721a and 722a of the facing portions 721 and 722 of the grip portion 725.

  Specifically, as shown in FIG. 11, the horizontal cross-sectional shapes of the facing portions 721 and 722 of the gripping portion 725 are rectangular corners corresponding to the horizontal cross-sections of the facing portions 711 and 712 shown in FIGS. 9 and 10. It is a shape obtained by forming an inclined surface on the portion. Therefore, the width of the facing portion 721 (that is, the length between the side surfaces 721f and 721g of the facing portion 721) is longer than the width of the facing portion 722 (that is, the length between the side surfaces 722f and 722g of the facing portion 722). ing.

  In the facing portion 721, inclined surfaces 721d and 721e are connected to both sides of the facing surface 721a. Specifically, the inclined surfaces 721d and 721e are flat surfaces that incline toward the central axis A1 from the end portions 721b and 721c of the facing surface 721a toward the side surfaces 721f and 721g of the facing portion 721. In the facing portion 722, inclined surfaces 722d and 722e are connected to both sides of the facing surface 722a. Specifically, the inclined surfaces 722d and 722e are flat surfaces that are inclined from the end portions 722b and 722c of the facing surface 722a toward the side surfaces 722f and 722g of the facing portion 722, on the side opposite to the central axis A1 side.

  Note that FIG. 11 shows an example in which the inclined surfaces 721d and 721e and the inclined surfaces 722d and 722e have the same inclination with respect to the respective facing surfaces, but the inclined surfaces 721d and 721e and the inclined surfaces 722d and 722e are the same. The inclination with respect to each facing surface may be different.

  Further, in the lever portion 720, as in the above-described lever portion 710, the length L7 of the facing surface 721a of the facing portion 721 on the side closer to the pin 502 is the length of the facing surface 722a of the facing portion 722 on the side far from the pin 502. It is longer than L8. As a result, in the clamp 52, similarly to the clamp 51 described above, it is possible to suppress an increase in the inclination angle of the facing direction D1 with respect to the rail width direction Y when the rail 10 after the thickness reduction is gripped, so that the clamp 52 is restrained. The decrease in power can be suppressed.

  As described above, in the clamp 52 according to the third embodiment, on both sides of the facing surfaces 721a and 722a of the facing portions 721 and 722 of the grip portion 725, inclined surfaces 721d and 721e, which are inclined with respect to the facing surfaces, are provided. 722d and 722e are connected. Here, when the external force F1 acts on the clamp 52 in the positive direction of the rail longitudinal direction X, when the rail 10 is gripped, specifically, the one end portion 721b of the facing surface 721a of the facing portion 721 and the facing portion 722. The other end 722c of the facing surface 722a comes into contact with the side surface 101 of the rail 10 while being elastically deformed. Therefore, by providing the inclined surfaces 721d, 721e, 722d, 722e on the facing surfaces 721a, 722a as described above, the contact area between the facing portions 721, 722 and the side surface 101 of the rail 10 at the time of gripping the rail 10 can be reduced. Can be increased. Therefore, since it is possible to more effectively suppress an increase in the stress generated in the contact portion between the grip portion 725 and the rail 10, it is possible to more effectively prevent the grip portion 725 from cracking and the rail 10 from being damaged. Can be suppressed.

<4. Fourth Embodiment>
Next, a clamp 53 according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

  The lever portion 730 of the clamp 53 according to the fourth embodiment is different from the clamp 52 according to the third embodiment with respect to the relationship between the dimensions of the pair of facing portions 731 and 732 of the grip portion 735.

  FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram showing a schematic configuration of the lever portion 730 of the clamp 53. Note that, in FIG. 12, for easy understanding, only one lever portion 730 attached to the frame member 501 on the negative side in the rail width direction Y of the plurality of lever portions 730 provided in the clamp 53 is illustrated. It is shown.

  In the clamp 53, similarly to the clamp 52 described above, inclined surfaces that are inclined with respect to the facing surfaces are connected to both sides of the facing surfaces 731a and 732a of the facing portions 731 and 732 of the grip portion 735.

  Here, as shown in FIG. 12, the horizontal cross-sectional shape of the facing portions 731 and 732 of the grip portion 735 is different from that of the grip portion 725 of the lever portion 720 described above, and an inclined surface is formed in a rectangular corner portion of the same size. It is a shape obtained by Therefore, the width of the facing portion 731 (that is, the length between the side surfaces 731f and 731g of the facing portion 731) and the width of the facing portion 732 (that is, the length between the side surfaces 732f and 732g of the facing portion 732) are the same. Is.

  In the facing portion 731, the inclined surfaces 731d and 731e are connected to both sides of the facing surface 731a. Specifically, the inclined surfaces 731d and 731e are flat surfaces that incline toward the central axis A1 from the end portions 731b and 731c of the facing surface 731a toward the side surfaces 731f and 731g of the facing portion 731. In the facing portion 732, the inclined surfaces 732d and 732e are connected to both sides of the facing surface 732a. Specifically, the inclined surfaces 732d and 732e are flat surfaces that are inclined from the ends 732b and 732c of the facing surface 732a toward the side surfaces 732f and 732g of the facing portion 732 to the side opposite to the central axis A1 side.

  Although FIG. 12 shows an example in which the inclined surfaces 731d and 731e and the inclined surfaces 732d and 732e have different inclinations with respect to the facing surfaces, the inclined surfaces 731d and 731e and the inclined surfaces 732d and 732e are different from each other. The inclination with respect to each facing surface may be the same.

  Further, in the lever portion 730, similarly to the above-described lever portion 710, the length L9 of the facing surface 731a of the facing portion 731 near the pin 502 is the length of the facing surface 732a of the facing portion 732 far from the pin 502. It is longer than L10. As a result, in the clamp 53, similarly to the clamp 51 described above, it is possible to suppress an increase in the tilt angle of the facing direction D1 with respect to the rail width direction Y when the rail 10 after the thickness reduction is gripped, so that the clamp 53 is restrained. The decrease in power can be suppressed.

  As described above, in the clamp 53 according to the fourth embodiment, on both sides of the facing surfaces 731a and 732a of the facing portions 731 and 732 of the gripping portion 735, inclined surfaces 731d and 731e that are inclined with respect to the facing surfaces are provided. 732d and 732e are connected. Accordingly, like the clamp 52 described above, the contact area between the facing portions 731 and 732 and the side surface 101 of the rail 10 at the time of gripping the rail 10 can be increased, and thus the contact portion between the grip portion 735 and the rail 10 can be increased. Since it is possible to more effectively suppress an increase in stress that occurs in the gripping part 735, it is possible to more effectively suppress the occurrence of cracks in the grip portion 735 and the flaws in the rail 10.

<5. Fifth Embodiment>
Next, a clamp 54 according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

  The lever portion 740 of the clamp 54 according to the fifth embodiment differs from the clamp 53 according to the fourth embodiment with respect to the shapes of the inclined surfaces of the pair of facing portions 741 and 742 of the grip portion 745.

  FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram showing a schematic configuration of the lever portion 740 of the clamp 54. Note that, in FIG. 13, for easy understanding, only one lever portion 740 attached to the frame member 501 on the negative side in the rail width direction Y of the plurality of lever portions 740 provided in the clamp 54 is illustrated. It is shown.

  In the clamp 54, similarly to the clamp 53 described above, inclined surfaces that are inclined with respect to the respective facing surfaces are connected to both sides of the facing surfaces 741a and 742a of the facing portions 741 and 742 of the gripping portion 745. Here, the inclined surfaces of the facing portions 741 and 742 of the grip portion 745 have curved surfaces.

  Specifically, as shown in FIG. 13, the horizontal sectional shape of the facing portions 741 and 742 is a straight line corresponding to the inclined surfaces 731d, 731e, 732d, and 732e of the facing portions 731 and 732 shown in FIG. It is the shape obtained by changing to. Therefore, the width of the facing portion 741 (that is, the length between the side surfaces 741f and 741g of the facing portion 741) and the width of the facing portion 742 (that is, the length between the side surfaces 742f and 742g of the facing portion 742) are the same. Is.

  In the facing portion 741, inclined surfaces 741d and 741e are connected to both sides of the facing surface 741a. Specifically, the inclined surfaces 741d and 741e are curved surfaces that incline toward the central axis A1 from the end portions 741b and 741c of the facing surface 741a toward the side surfaces 741f and 741g of the facing portion 741. In the facing portion 742, the inclined surfaces 742d and 742e are connected to both sides of the facing surface 742a. Specifically, the inclined surfaces 742d and 742e are curved surfaces that are inclined from the ends 742b and 742c of the facing surface 742a toward the side surfaces 742f and 742g of the facing portion 742, respectively, on the side opposite to the central axis A1 side.

  Note that FIG. 13 illustrates an example in which the width of the facing portion 741 and the width of the facing portion 742 are the same, but the width of the facing portion 741 and the width of the facing portion 742 may be different. .

  Further, in the lever portion 740, similarly to the above-described lever portion 710, the length L11 of the facing surface 741a of the facing portion 741 closer to the pin 502 is the length of the facing surface 742a of the facing portion 742 farther from the pin 502. It is longer than L12. As a result, in the clamp 54, similarly to the above-described clamp 51, it is possible to suppress an increase in the tilt angle of the facing direction D1 with respect to the rail width direction Y when the rail 10 after the thickness reduction is gripped, and thus the clamp 54 is restrained. The decrease in power can be suppressed.

  As described above, in the clamp 54 according to the fifth embodiment, the inclined surfaces 741d, 741e, 742d, 742e have curved surfaces. Accordingly, when the rail 10 is gripped, the shape of the portions of the facing portions 741 and 742 that abut the side surface 101 of the rail 10 can be made smoother. Therefore, it is possible to more effectively increase the contact area between the facing portions 741 and 742 and the side surface 101 of the rail 10 when the rail 10 is gripped. Therefore, it is possible to more effectively suppress an increase in the stress generated in the contact portion between the grip portion 745 and the rail 10, and thus it is possible to more effectively prevent the grip portion 745 from cracking and the rail 10 from being damaged. Can be suppressed.

<6. Numerical simulation>
A numerical analysis simulation was performed to investigate the effect of reducing the load generated at the contact portion between the grip portion and the rail by the clamp according to each embodiment of the present invention.

  In this simulation, for each of the example and the comparative example, an analytical model of the lever portion is created, and a numerical analysis simulation by the finite element method is performed using the generated analytical model, so that the pair of facing portions in the grip portion of the lever portion are opposed to each other. The contact state between the section and the side surface 101 of the rail 10 was investigated.

  Regarding the conditions of the simulation, as an example, as shown in FIG. 7, an analytic model of a lever part that is movable in a facing direction D1 of a pair of facing parts and has the same facing surface length of each facing part. Was used. As a comparative example, as shown in FIG. 5, an analysis model of a lever portion is used, which is not movable in the facing direction D1 of the pair of facing portions and has the same facing surface length of each facing portion. I was there. As for the shapes of the analytical models of the lever portions of the example and the comparative example, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 7, when the side surface of the rail 10 is not thinned and the width of the rail 10 is 100 mm, Both of the pair of facing portions are in contact with the side surface 101 of the rail 10.

  Specifically, in this simulation, the load input to the clamp in the rail longitudinal direction X was set to 40 kN, and the width of the rail 10 was set to 90 mm, which was reduced by 10 mm from the start of use. This load corresponds to a braking force required for the clamp when an external force acts on the clamp when a structure such as a crane receives wind.

  According to the result of this simulation, the stress generated in the contact portion between the grip portion and the rail in the example can be reduced by about 50% compared with the stress generated in the contact portion between the grip portion and the rail in the comparative example. It was confirmed that it was possible. In addition, in the comparative example, it was confirmed that one opposing portion did not contact the side surface 101 of the rail 10 and only the other opposing portion contacted the side surface 101 of the rail 10. On the other hand, in the example, it was confirmed that both of the pair of facing portions were in contact with the side surface 101 of the rail 10.

<7. Conclusion>
As described above, in the clamps 50, 51, 52, 53, 54 according to the respective embodiments of the present invention, the other side of the lever portion has a length in the facing direction D1 longer than the outer diameter of the pin 502. A long hole 709 which is a hole is formed, and a pin 502 is inserted into the long hole 709. Therefore, the lever portion is rotatable about the central axis A1 of the pin 502 and movable in the facing direction D1 of the pair of facing portions. Thereby, both of the pair of facing portions can be brought into contact with the side surface 101 of the rail 10 regardless of the progress of the thickness reduction of the side surface 101 of the rail 10. Therefore, according to the clamps 50, 51, 52, 53, 54 according to the respective embodiments of the present invention, it is possible to suppress an increase in the stress generated in the contact portion between the grip portion and the rail 10, so that the grip portion is cracked. It is possible to prevent the occurrence of scratches and the flaws on the rail 10. Therefore, the rail 10 can be properly gripped regardless of the progress of the thinning of the side surface 101 of the rail 10.

  Further, in the clamps 51, 52, 53, 54, the pair of facing portions of the gripping portion are shaped such that the lengths of the facing surfaces are different. Therefore, it is possible to suppress an increase in the tilt angle of the opposite direction D1 with respect to the rail width direction Y when the rail 10 is gripped due to the lever portion being movable in the opposite direction D1. As a result, it is possible to suppress a decrease in the braking force of the clamp 51 due to an increase in the tilt angle of the facing direction D1 with respect to the rail width direction Y when gripping the rail 10 after thinning, so that the crane 90 can be more appropriately used. Can be fixed.

  The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the examples. It is obvious that a person having ordinary knowledge in the technical field to which the present invention pertains can come up with various modifications or applications within the scope of the technical idea described in the claims. Of course, it is understood that these also belong to the technical scope of the present invention.

  For example, although each component of the clamp has been described above with reference to each drawing, the shape of each component of the clamp, the dimensional relationship between each component, and the positional relationship between each component are shown in each drawing. The example is not particularly limited. In particular, the shape of the lever portion of the clamp is not limited to the example shown in each drawing. For example, the example in which the inclined surface is formed on the facing portion of the gripping portion has been described with reference to FIGS. 11 to 13, but the inclined surface is formed only on one of the facing surfaces, and on the other facing surface. The inclined surface may not be formed. Further, for example, the length of the facing surface of the one facing portion and the length of the facing surface of the other facing portion may be the same or different.

  Further, for example, the lever portion of the clamp may be formed of the same member or may be formed of a plurality of members.

  Further, for example, the material of the lever portion of the clamp is not particularly limited, and may be made of metal, for example, or may be made of a material other than metal.

10 rails 50, 51, 52, 53, 54 clamp 80 fastening portion 90 crane 500 main body portion 501 frame member 502 pin 600 wheels 700, 710, 720, 730, 740 lever portions 701, 702, 711, 712, 721, 722 731, 732, 741, 742 Opposing portions 701a, 702a, 711a, 712a, 721a, 722a, 731a, 732a, 741a, 742a Opposing surfaces 721d, 721e, 722d, 722e, 731d, 731e, 732d, 732e, 741d, 741e, 742d, 742e inclined surfaces 705, 715, 725, 735, 745 gripping portion 709 long hole 801 first connecting portion 802 second connecting portion 901 body portion 902 wheel

Claims (5)

A clamp which is fastened to a structure moving on a rail and holds the rail,
The clamp includes a lever portion,
The lever portion is
A grip portion provided on one side of the lever portion for gripping both side surfaces of the rail,
A hole formed on the other side of the lever portion, into which a pin extending in a direction intersecting a surface on which the rail is fixed is inserted,
Have
The grip portion includes a pair of facing portions that respectively face both side surfaces of the rail,
The length in the facing direction of the pair of facing portions of the hole is longer than the outer diameter of the pin,
Clamp. The hole has a width substantially the same as the outer diameter of the pin, and is a long hole formed along the facing direction of the pair of facing portions,
The clamp according to claim 1. In the pair of facing portions, facing surfaces that face each other in parallel are respectively formed.
The length of the facing surface of the facing portion on the side closer to the pin is longer than the length of the facing surface of the facing portion on the side far from the pin,
The clamp according to claim 1 or 2. On both sides of the facing surface, inclined surfaces that are inclined with respect to the facing surface are connected.
The clamp according to claim 3. The inclined surface has a curved surface,
The clamp according to claim 4.

Images