JP2020058986A - Centrifugal separator - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a centrifugal separator configured so that a nozzle and the like is prevented from clogging.SOLUTION: A centrifugal separator comprises: a rotary container 103; an intermittent discharge port 112a and a continuous discharge port 211 which discharge separated solid components intermittently or continuously; and a washing liquid storage part 201a which stores washing liquid 203 outside the rotary container 103 and to which the continuous discharge port 211 opens. In an inner opening part 213, communicated with the continuous discharge port 211, which opens to inside of the rotary container 103, a distance from a rotation center is longer than the liquid level of the washing liquid 203 which is stored in the washing liquid storage part 201a when contents in a rotating body are totally discharged so that total volumes of the contents are discharged through the intermittent discharge port 112a.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a centrifugal separator that separates solid components contained in a liquid to be treated.

  The centrifugal separator is provided with a mechanism for discharging the separated solid component. Examples of such a mechanism include a mechanism for intermittently discharging solid components and a mechanism for continuously discharging solid components from a relatively small nozzle or the like. A separation plate type centrifuge having both of these discharge mechanisms is also known (for example, refer to Patent Document 1).

JP 2001-239184 A

  However, in the discharge mechanism for continuously discharging the solid component from the relatively small nozzle or the like as described above, the nozzle or the like is apt to be clogged, and when clogged, it is necessary to disassemble and clean the device.

  In view of the above points, the present invention has an object to prevent clogging of a nozzle or the like that continuously discharges a solid component separated from a liquid to be treated in a centrifugal separator.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides
A centrifugal separator having a rotating container and a plurality of separation plates laminated at predetermined intervals inside the rotating container, for separating and discharging solid components contained in the liquid to be treated by centrifugal force. hand,
An intermittent discharge port for intermittently discharging the solid component accumulated on the inner peripheral portion of the rotating container,
A continuous discharge port that communicates with an inner opening portion that opens to the inner outer peripheral portion of the rotating container and continuously discharges solid components accumulated on the inner outer peripheral portion of the rotating container,
A cleaning liquid storage unit provided outside the rotary container to store the cleaning liquid, and the continuous discharge port opening inside,
Have
The inner opening has a distance from the rotation center of the rotation container in the liquid level of the cleaning liquid stored in the cleaning liquid storage unit when the solid component is discharged from the intermittent discharge port. It is characterized in that it is provided at a position longer than that.

  As a result, at the time of total discharge in which the entire amount of the content in the rotating body is discharged from the intermittent discharge port, the pressure of the cleaning liquid stored in the cleaning liquid storage section from the continuous discharge port to the inner opening acts, and The outlet etc. are cleaned.

  According to the present invention, in a centrifugal separator, it is possible to prevent clogging of a nozzle or the like that continuously discharges a solid component separated from a liquid to be treated.

It is a front sectional view of a centrifuge. 6 is a timing chart showing an example of an operation of discharging a solid component. It is explanatory drawing which shows typically the example of the state which a solid component is discharged continuously. It is explanatory drawing which shows typically the example at the time of the total discharge which discharges all the contents in a rotary body.

  Hereinafter, as an embodiment of the present invention, a centrifuge which is a separation plate type centrifuge used for cleaning a stock solution which is a fluid to be processed such as fuel oil and lubricating oil of a marine diesel engine will be described. This separation plate type centrifuge is a vertical type centrifuge in which a large number of separation plates made of frustoconical thin plates are stacked in the rotating body along the axial direction of the guide cylinder with a small gap. Therefore, it has a mechanism for discharging sludge separated and accumulated in the rotating body to the outside by opening and closing the valve cylinder. The sludge is a solid matter or the like contained in the liquid to be treated, and more specifically, a solid content separated and accumulated on the outermost diameter side of the rotor by centrifugal force.

(Schematic configuration of separation plate type centrifugal separator 101)
The separation plate type centrifuge 101, as shown in FIG.
A rotating container 103 attached to the rotating shaft 102 and rotating at high speed;
A liquid inlet pipe 104, which is provided in the upper part of the central portion of the rotary container 103 and to which the undiluted liquid is supplied from the outside,
A guide tube 105 that guides the above-mentioned undiluted solution toward the bottom of the rotary container 103 toward the bottom,
In order to separate each component such as sludge in the undiluted solution by the difference in specific gravity, a separation plate 113 and a water removal plate 152, which are mounted by stacking a large number with a small gap in the axial direction of the guide cylinder 105, are installed. A separation chamber 151 formed from a region and a sludge accumulation region of the outermost diameter portion (inner outer peripheral portion) in the rotary container 103;
It is provided in the lower part of the rotary container 103 and is controlled to move up and down according to the hydraulic pressure of the working water, and rises when sludge is accumulated (the left half of FIG. 1) and the upper edge of the outer peripheral portion is pressed against the valve packing 107. A valve cylinder 106 that closes the intermittent discharge port 112a of the intermittent discharge part 112 while lowering when discharging sludge (right half of FIG. 1) to open the intermittent discharge port 112a.
A plurality of continuous discharge units 201 for continuously discharging the sludge separated in the separation chamber 151 to the outside through continuous discharge ports 211,
Liquid withdrawing parts 154 and 156 for discharging the clean oil (light liquid) or the like separated in the separation chamber 151 to the outside,
It has.

  The rotary container 103 is composed of a rotary body lid 103a, which is a substantially truncated cone-shaped portion provided at an upper portion, and a large-diameter cylindrical portion having an inner diameter larger than the outer diameter of the truncated truncated cone portion provided at a lower portion. A certain rotating drum 103b is integrated with a ring nut 103c. The rotary container 103 is integrated with the rotary shaft 102 and is fixed so as to rotate at high speed (for example, 7,000 to 9000 min −1).

  The undiluted solution introduced into the separation chamber 151 of the separation plate type centrifugal separator 101 as described above rises in the gap between the separation plates 113 and flows, while the solid content having a large specific gravity is transferred to the sludge accumulation region to the oil accumulation area. The (light liquid) is separated toward the center of the rotary container 103, and the separated water is discharged from the liquid extraction unit 156 provided on the upper part of the rotary container 103.

  The sludge accumulated in the sludge accumulation region can be discharged intermittently from the intermittent discharge part 112 or continuously discharged from the continuous discharge part 201.

  That is, the intermittent discharge is estimated from the amount of the undiluted solution treated and the sludge content, for example, and the time when the accumulated amount of sludge accumulated in the rotary container 103 reaches a predetermined amount is controlled by a timer or the like. At a predetermined timing, the valve closing water or valve opening water is supplied from the valve closing water supply nozzle 121 or the valve opening water supply nozzle 131 of the valve opening / closing water supply member 111 to the valve opening / closing valve water receiving member 110. Done. More specifically, when the valve-closing working water is supplied from the valve-closing working water supply nozzle 121, the valve-closing working water is introduced into the valve-closing working water pressure chamber 123 via the valve-closing working water supply passage 122 and centrifugal force is applied. The pressure generated by being pressed to the outer peripheral side of the valve cylinder 106 causes the valve cylinder 106 to rise and come into pressure contact with the valve packing 107, thereby closing the intermittent discharge port 112a. Further, when the valve-opening water is supplied from the valve-opening water supply nozzle 131, the valve-opening water flows through the valve-opening water supply passage 132 to the valve body 133 against the centrifugal force to the inner peripheral side. By sliding the valve closing hydraulic water in the valve operating hydraulic pressure chamber 123 from the valve operating water drainage channel 134 through the valve operating water discharge hole 135, the valve cylinder 106 descends and the intermittent discharge port 112a. Open and sludge is discharged. Immediately thereafter, the supply of the valve-opening working water is stopped, and when the valve-closing working water is supplied again to the valve-closing working water pressure chamber 123, the valve cylinder 106 is pushed upward, and the intermittent discharge port 112a is sealed.

  Further, in the above continuous discharge, the continuous discharge port 211 acting as a nozzle set to a predetermined inner diameter is provided on the inner surface of the rotor lid 103a via the continuous discharge flow passage 212 formed in the rotor lid 103a. By communicating with the inner opening 213 that opens, the sludge accumulated in the sludge accumulation region is gradually and continuously discharged by the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the rotary container 103.

(About cleaning of continuous discharge port 211)
A cleaning liquid storage portion 201a is provided outside the rotary body lid 103a so as to surround the continuous discharge port 211, and a cleaning liquid 203 such as clean water for cleaning the continuous discharge port 211 and the continuous discharge flow path 212 is stored therein. It has become so. More specifically, for example, the cleaning liquid receiving portion 201b is attached to the ring nut 103c by a bolt 202, and the cleaning liquid 203 is stored in a space surrounded by the outer wall of the rotor lid 103a and the cleaning liquid receiving portion 201b. There is. The cleaning liquid 203 is supplied, for example, via a water supply valve 223 by a water supply pipe 222 (cleaning liquid supply unit) attached to a support plate 221 provided outside the rotary container 103. The cleaning liquid receiving portion 201b is provided with a discharge hole 201c opening toward the outer peripheral side of the rotary container 103, and the sludge discharged from the continuous discharge port 211 gradually flows to the outer side inside the cleaning liquid storage portion 201a. I'm supposed to get it. In addition, the position of the liquid surface of the cleaning liquid 203 stored in the cleaning liquid storage portion 201a is the inner opening 213 when the total amount of the content in the rotating body is completely discharged from the intermittent discharge port 112a as described above. It is set so as to be closer to the rotation center of the rotary container 103.

  With the above settings, the continuous discharge port 211 is cleaned as follows, for example.

  First, for example, when the rotary container 103 is rotating at a predetermined rotation speed and the valve-closing working water is supplied as shown in FIG. 2, the intermittent discharge port 112a of the intermittent discharge part 112 is closed, and Sludge accumulates in the sludge accumulation area. Part of the accumulated sludge is discharged from the continuous discharge port 211 from the inner opening 213 through the continuous discharge flow path 212, and further flows out from the discharge hole 201c to the outside of the rotary container 103. That is, when the relationship between the pressures exerted on the respective parts by the centrifugal force is represented by imitating the hydrohead pressure as shown in FIG. 3, for example, when the hydrohead pressure in the intermittent discharge part 112 is H, the hydrohead pressure is applied to the continuous discharge port 211. h1 (or a head pressure h2 corresponding to the position of the liquid surface when sludge that is not completely discharged from the discharge hole 201c is stored in the cleaning liquid storage unit 201a) acts. Therefore, the sludge in the rotary container 103 is discharged from the continuous discharge port 211 according to the head pressure.

  Eventually, when the intermittent discharge port 112a of the intermittent discharge part 112 is opened at a timing when a predetermined amount of sludge is expected to be accumulated in the sludge accumulation area, the water supply pipe 222 is opened for a predetermined time before the opening. After the cleaning liquid 203 is supplied and stored in the cleaning liquid storage portion 201a, the intermittent discharge port 112a is opened. In this case, when the liquid to be treated in the rotary container 103 is discharged from the intermittent discharge part 112 in a relatively short time, and the rotary container 103 becomes completely or almost empty, as shown in FIG. The water head pressure H becomes 0, and a water head pressure h3 corresponding to the distance from the liquid surface of the cleaning liquid 203 to the position of the inner opening 213 acts on the inner opening 213 communicating with the continuous discharge port 211. Therefore, the cleaning liquid 203 stored in the cleaning liquid storage portion 201a flows back through the continuous discharge flow path 212, whereby the continuous discharge port 211, the continuous discharge flow path 212, and the inner opening 213 are cleaned.

  If the amount of sludge that can flow out from the discharge hole 201c is larger than the amount of sludge discharged from the continuous discharge port 211, it is stored in the cleaning liquid receiving portion 201b when the clean cleaning liquid 203 is supplied from the water supply pipe 222. It is preferable in that the sludge concentration of the cleaning liquid 203 to be kept low can be easily suppressed, but even if the sludge or the cleaning liquid 203 overflows from the cleaning liquid receiving portion 201b, there is no particular problem, and if sufficient cleaning liquid 203 is supplied from the water supply pipe 222, for example. It is possible to sufficiently wash the continuous discharge port 211 and the like as described below. The cleaning liquid 203 is relatively clean, and may be clean enough to clean the continuous discharge port 211 and the like.

(Regarding adjustment of sludge discharge amount (discharge speed) from continuous discharge port 211)
The amount of sludge discharged from the continuous discharge port 211 includes the rotational speed of the rotary container 103, the concentration of solid components in the liquid to be treated, the orifice diameter of the continuous discharge port 211, and the head pressure at the continuous discharge port 211 (see FIG. It also changes depending on h1 and h2) of 3. Therefore, as also shown in FIG. 1, a continuous discharge passage 212 is provided so as to be able to communicate with a plurality of positions at different distances from the rotation center of the rotary container 103, and a continuous discharge port is selectively provided at any position. By providing 211, the amount of sludge discharged from the continuous discharge port 211 can be easily adjusted. Therefore, the discharge flow rate (amount) of the sludge discharged from the continuous discharge port can be reduced by making the orifice size of the continuous discharge port 211 common or by setting the discharge amount small without setting the orifice size excessively small. Can be easily changed.

  Here, in the case where the position of the continuous discharge port 211 is set variously as described above, in order to set the position of the liquid surface of the cleaning liquid 203 so as to correspond thereto, for example, as shown by a phantom line in FIG. Instead of the continuous discharge part 201, a continuous discharge part 201 ′ having a different length of the cleaning liquid receiving part 201b may be attached, or a water supply pipe 222 ′ having a different attachment position on the support plate 221 may be used. Further, the cleaning liquid receiving portion 201b may be made expandable and contractable, or the water supply pipe 222 may be made slidable.

(Other matters)
The cleaning liquid receiving portion 201b is not limited to being attached to the ring nut 103c, but may be attached to the rotating body lid 103a or the rotating body 103b. Further, the ring nut 103c, the rotary body lid 103a, and the rotary drum 103b may be attached to two or more.

  Even when the positions of the continuous discharge ports 211 are set to be the same, the position of the liquid surface of the cleaning liquid 203 may be set variously by changing the length of the cleaning liquid receiving portion 201b and the like. In this case, since the head pressure h3 in FIG. 4 can be set variously, the cleaning degree of the continuous discharge port 211 and the like can be set accordingly.

  Further, in order to set the position of the liquid surface of the cleaning liquid 203, openings for overflowing the cleaning liquid 203 are provided at a plurality of positions in the cleaning liquid receiving portion 201b at different distances from the rotation center of the rotary container 103, and those openings are provided. May be selectively occluded.

101 Separation Plate Centrifuge 102 Rotating Shaft 103 Rotating Container 103a Rotating Body Lid 103b Rotating Body 103c Ring Nut 104 Liquid Inlet Pipe 105 Guide Tube 106 Valve Cylinder 107 Valve Packing 110 Open / Close Valve Operating Water Receiving Member 111 Open / Close Valve Operating Water Supply Member 112 intermittent discharge part 112a intermittent discharge port 113 separation plate 121 valve closing working water supply nozzle 122 closing valve working water supply path 123 valve closing working water pressure chamber 131 opening valve working water supply nozzle 132 opening valve working water supply path 133 valve body 134 opening Valve-operated water drainage channel 135 Valve-operated water discharge hole 151 Separation chamber 152 Water removal plate 154/156 Liquid extraction part 201 Continuous discharge part 201 ′ Continuous discharge part 201a Cleaning liquid storage part 201b Cleaning liquid receiving part 201c Discharge hole 202 Bolt 203 Cleaning liquid 211 Continuous discharge port 212 Continuous discharge flow path 13 inner opening 221 supporting plate 222 water supply tube 222 'the water supply pipe 223 water supply valve

Claims (6)

A centrifugal separator that has a rotary container and a plurality of separation plates that are stacked inside the rotary container with a predetermined space therebetween, and that separates solid components contained in the liquid to be treated by centrifugal force and discharges the liquid. hand,
An intermittent discharge port for intermittently discharging the solid component accumulated on the inner peripheral portion of the rotating container,
A continuous discharge port that communicates with an inner opening portion that opens to the inner outer peripheral portion of the rotating container and continuously discharges solid components accumulated on the inner outer peripheral portion of the rotating container,
A cleaning liquid storage unit provided outside the rotary container to store the cleaning liquid, and the continuous discharge port opening inside,
Have
The inner opening has a distance from the center of rotation of the rotary container, and a distance from the center of rotation of the liquid level of the cleaning liquid stored in the cleaning liquid storage unit when the solid component is discharged from the intermittent discharge port. A centrifugal separator characterized in that it is provided at a position longer than that. The centrifugal separator according to claim 1, wherein
Furthermore, the centrifugal separation apparatus provided with the cleaning liquid supply part which supplies a cleaning liquid to the said cleaning liquid storage part. The centrifugal separator according to claim 2, wherein
A centrifugal separator, wherein the cleaning liquid is stored in the cleaning liquid storage unit by the cleaning liquid supply unit before the total amount of the contents in the rotor is completely discharged from the intermittent discharge port. The centrifugal separator according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
The centrifugal separator, wherein the cleaning liquid storage part is provided with a discharge hole for discharging the solid component discharged from the continuous discharge port to the cleaning liquid storage part to the outside of the cleaning liquid storage part. The centrifugal separator according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
A centrifugal separator, wherein the position of the liquid surface of the cleaning liquid stored in the cleaning liquid storage section can be variably set. The centrifugal separator according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
The centrifugal separator, wherein the distance from the center of rotation of the rotary container at the continuous discharge port is variable.

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