JP2020058234A - Pellet spreader - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a pellet spreader which can spread a spreading object such as pellet type fertilizer and agricultural chemicals having the cylindrical shape uniformly in a large amount.SOLUTION: A pellet spreader 10 includes: a hopper 12 which stores a spreading object; a rotary valve 20 which is arranged on the lower side of a discharge port 14 having a predetermined length provided in a lower part of the hopper 12 and in which a rotational shaft 23 of a rotor 22 is in parallel with the longitudinal direction of the discharge port 14; and a spreading part 30 which is arranged on the lower side of the rotary valve 20. A plurality of partition walls 24 are installed in an erecting manner in the direction orthogonal to the rotational shaft 23 of the rotor 22 at a prescribed interval in the rotational shaft 23 direction of the rotor 22 on the surface of the rotor 22. A plurality of rotor blades 26 are arranged in parallel with the rotational shaft 23 of the rotor 22 for each section 25 divided in the rotational shaft 23 direction of the rotor 22 by the plurality of partition walls 24. A plurality of storage chambers 27 are formed in each section 26.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a pellet sprayer suitable for spraying pellet-shaped fertilizers, pesticides, and other sprayed products having a cylindrical shape.

  Conventionally, various sprayers for spraying fertilizers, pesticides, etc. on a field have been disclosed (for example, refer to Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2). The drug spraying device disclosed in Patent Document 1 includes a pair of drug storage tanks and a spraying part for spraying the drug supplied from the drug storage tank, and is mounted on a wireless-controlled flight vehicle to spray the drug. In the drug spraying device, the spraying unit includes a rotary metering unit arranged at a lower portion of each drug storage tank, and a spraying unit for combining and spraying a drug metered by the rotary metering unit from each tank. The rotary metering means includes a columnar portion having a rotating shaft protruding therefrom, a cylindrical portion attached to the outer periphery of the cylindrical portion, and a fixing portion for attaching and fixing the cylindrical portion to the cylindrical portion. And a plurality of drug-filling grooves are formed in the cylindrical portion, the plurality of drug-filling grooves are formed at a constant angle with respect to the rotation axis direction, and Rear end and filling of the drug Is formed so as to contact the tip of another adjacent drug filling groove on the same straight line parallel to the rotation axis direction, and a drug holding member is disposed adjacent to the drug holding side of the cylindrical portion, The spraying means is a spinner which is rotated by a rotating shaft arranged in the center of the pair of drug storage tanks.

  According to the medicine spraying device disclosed in Patent Document 1, the medicine filled in the medicine filling groove from the tank can be sequentially supplied to the spraying means by the rotation of the roller portion, and the medicine filling groove has an appropriate size. As a result, a small amount of drug can be supplied. Therefore, if the rotation of the roller portion is kept constant, the amount of the drug supplied to the spraying means can be made constant, the amount of the drug sprayed can be finely adjusted, and a fixed amount can be continuously sprayed. It is stated that a spraying device can be provided.

  Further, in particular, since the holding member for holding the medicine filled in the medicine filling groove is provided adjacent to the roller portion, the medicine is held in the medicine filling groove up to a desired position and then sequentially released. It is stated that precisely the desired amount of drug can be delivered to the application means.

  Further, in Patent Document 2, a fertilizer spreader for spraying fertilizer from a hopper that stores fertilizer that is detachably attached to a work vehicle that performs various works using traction force, A discharge slit having a predetermined length provided in the lower portion of the hopper, a rotatable delivery roll attached in the slit, and a drive motor for rotating the delivery roll attached at a proper position of the hopper, On the surface, a plurality of flat plate-like parts having a predetermined height and a predetermined area are formed at appropriate intervals, and the fertilizer to be sprayed is attached to a discharge slit portion provided at the lower portion of the hopper and is a rubber regulation. Disclosed is a fertilizer sprayer characterized in that the fertilizer is discharged from a gap formed between the plate and each flat plate-shaped base portion of the feeding roll.

  According to the fertilizer spreader disclosed in Patent Document 2, the fertilizer stored in the hopper is reasonably delivered from the gaps between the plurality of flat plate base portions as the delivery roll rotates, and is uniformly granulated in the length direction of the hopper. It is described that it is possible to provide a fertilizer spreader capable of delivering an article.

Japanese Patent No. 4286766 JP, 2017-108696, A

  According to the drug spraying device disclosed in Patent Document 1, a plurality of drug filling grooves are formed at a constant angle with respect to the rotation axis direction in the cylindrical portion of the rotary metering device, and after the one drug filling groove. Since the end and the tip of another medicine filling groove adjacent to the medicine filling groove are formed so as to be in contact with each other on the same straight line parallel to the rotation axis direction, it is thought that fine adjustment of the medicine spraying amount is possible. To do.

  However, it is considered very difficult to spray a large amount of pellet-type fertilizers, agricultural chemicals, etc., which have a cylindrical shape, by the chemical spraying device disclosed in Patent Document 1. In particular, since it is configured to adjust the amount of spraying with a plurality of chemical filling grooves, chemical fertilizers with a small spherical diameter (approximately 3 mm or less) are considered to be no problem, but the fertilizers and pesticides to be sprayed In the case of a pellet type having a cylindrical shape, it is considered that the amount filled in the medicine filling groove varies, which makes it difficult to adjust the amount of spraying and evenly spray.

  Further, in the drug spraying device disclosed in Patent Document 1, a shutter and a slit are provided above the rotary metering means. However, in the case of a pellet type in which fertilizer, pesticide or the like has a cylindrical shape, the pellets are sprayed at the time of spraying. There is a risk that the slits will become clogged and smooth and uniform spraying may not be possible.

  Further, according to the fertilizer sprayer disclosed in Patent Document 2, the fertilizer to be sprayed is between the rubber regulation plate attached to the discharge slit portion opened at the lower part of the hopper and each flat plate-shaped base portion of the feeding roll. Since it is released from the gaps formed in, it is considered possible to evenly disperse the fertilizer in granular form.

  However, even with the fertilizer spraying machine disclosed in Patent Document 2, it is very difficult to spray a large amount of pellet-type fertilizers, pesticides and the like having a cylindrical shape. Since the fertilizer to be sprayed is discharged from the gap formed between the rubber regulation plate and each flat base portion of the feeding roll, the opening between the rubber regulation plate and the inclined plate in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the feeding roll. If the part is very narrow and the fertilizer is a pellet type, a bridge may occur in this opening.

  Also, if it is a fertilizer of granular material, it is considered that it is sequentially fed into the gap formed between the rubber regulation plate and each flat plate base of the feeding roll by rotating the feeding roll. In the case of a pellet type having a shape, it is considered difficult to sequentially feed the feeding roll into this gap by rotating it.

  Therefore, in view of the above problems, the inventors of the present application have earnestly studied to provide a pellet sprayer capable of uniformly spraying a large amount of pellet-type fertilizers, pesticides, and other sprays having a cylindrical shape. As a result, the present invention has been achieved.

  That is, the pellet spreader of the present invention is arranged below a hopper for storing the scattered matter and a discharge port of a predetermined length provided in the lower part of the hopper, and the rotation axis of the rotor is the longitudinal direction of the discharge port. A rotary valve parallel to the rotary valve, and a spraying part disposed below the rotary valve, and on the surface of the rotor, at a predetermined interval in the direction of the rotation axis of the rotor, on the rotation axis of the rotor. On the other hand, a plurality of partition walls are erected at right angles to each other, and for each section divided by the plurality of partition walls in the rotation axis direction of the rotor, a plurality of rotor blades are arranged parallel to the rotation axis of the rotor. A plurality of storage chambers are formed in each of the compartments.

  Further, in the pellet spreader of the present invention, the disposition position of the rotor blade is different depending on the position of the section.

  Further, in the pellet spreader of the present invention, the rotor is provided so as to be insertable and removable in the rotation axis direction of the rotor.

  According to the pellet sprayer of the present invention, not only conventional granular fertilizers, pesticides and other sprays but also pellet-shaped sprays having a cylindrical shape can be sprayed uniformly and in a large amount. In particular, even a large-diameter pellet having a diameter of about 6 mm to 15 mm can be smoothly dispersed in a large amount without causing a bridge at the discharge port of the hopper.

  Further, in the pellet spraying machine of the present invention, by disposing the position of the rotor blade different depending on the position of the section, it is possible to spray a large amount smoothly and uniformly.

  Further, in the pellet spreader of the present invention, the rotor is provided so that it can be inserted and removed in the direction of the rotation axis of the rotor, so that the rotor can be cleaned and replaced without disassembling the rotary valve itself, which facilitates maintenance. Improvement is achieved.

It is a schematic diagram showing the whole pellet spreader composition concerning one embodiment of the present invention, (a) is a front view, (b) is a top view, and (c) is a side view. It is a schematic explanatory drawing of the rotary valve which concerns on the pellet spreading machine shown in FIG. 1, (a) is a top view, (b) is an AA schematic sectional drawing in (a). It is a schematic explanatory drawing of the rotor which concerns on the rotary valve shown in FIG. 2, (a) is a side view sectional drawing, (b) is BB sectional drawing in (a), (c) is C in (a). -C sectional drawing, (d) is DD sectional drawing in (a). It is a top view of the spreading part which concerns on the pellet spreading machine shown in FIG.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of a pellet spreader of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an overall configuration of a pellet spreader 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a schematic explanatory view of a rotary valve 20 according to the pellet spreader 10 shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. FIG. 4 is a schematic explanatory view of the rotor 22 related to the rotary valve 20 shown in FIG. 4, and FIG. 4 is a plan view of the spraying unit 30 related to the pellet spreader 10 shown in FIG.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, the pellet spreader 10 of the present embodiment includes a hopper 12 for storing sprayed substances such as fertilizers and pesticides, and a discharge port 14 provided at a lower portion of the hopper 12 and having a predetermined length. The rotary valve 20 is disposed below the rotary valve 20, and the spraying portion 30 is disposed below the rotary valve 20. The pellet spreader 10 of this embodiment includes auxiliary wheels 16. The pellet spreader 10 of the present embodiment is detachably attached to a work vehicle (not shown) such as a tractor, and is basically used in a state of being lifted by the work vehicle. It is installed to prevent rollover when it collapses and to ensure running stability when running on general roads such as farm roads.

  The type, shape, size, etc. of the sprayed material such as fertilizers and pesticides stored in the hopper 12 are not particularly limited, but the pellet sprayer 10 of the present embodiment is provided with a rotary valve 20 having a rotor 22 described later. Therefore, it is possible to spray even a pellet-type sprayed product having a cylindrical shape. In particular, even a large-diameter pellet having a diameter of about 6 mm to 15 mm can be smoothly delivered without causing a bridge at the discharge port 14 of the hopper 12.

  Below the discharge port 14 provided at the lower part of the hopper 12, a rotary valve 20 is arranged as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. The rotor 22 of the rotary valve 20 is arranged in the rotary valve 20 in a state where the rotation shaft 23 is parallel to the longitudinal direction of the discharge port 14. The width of the rotor 22, that is, the length of the rotor 22 in the rotation axis direction is set to be the same as or slightly longer than that of the discharge port 14, and the rotary valve 20 is provided so that the upper portion of the rotor 22 is exposed below the discharge port 14. An opening 21 is provided on the upper surface side of the. In addition, the rotor 22 is rotationally driven by transmitting the driving force of the motor M1 by spanning the chain C1 between the drive gear G1 of the motor M1 and the driven gear G2 of the rotary shaft 23, which are provided side by side.

  Then, on the surface of the rotor 22 related to the rotary valve 20 included in the pellet spreader 10 of the present embodiment, the rotation shaft 23 of the rotor 22 is arranged at predetermined intervals in the rotation axis direction (X direction in FIG. 2) of the rotor 22. A plurality of partition walls 24 are erected at right angles to the partition walls 24, and a plurality of partitions 25 are formed by the plurality of partition walls 24 in the rotation axis direction (X direction) of the rotor 22. More specifically, as shown in FIG. 3A, the rotor 22 according to the present embodiment has six sections 25 (sections 25a to 25f) formed in the rotation axis direction of the rotor 22. Five partitions 24 are provided on the surface of the rotor 22 in a direction perpendicular to the rotary shaft 23 of the rotor 22. The number of partitions formed by the partition walls 24, that is, the number of partition walls 24 installed is not particularly limited, and is appropriately set depending on the length of the rotor 22 in the rotation axis direction, the size of the scattered material, and the like.

  Further, in the present embodiment, a plurality of rotor blades 26 are arranged in parallel with the rotation axis 23 of the rotor 22 for each of the sections 25 divided by the plurality of partition walls 24 in the rotation axis direction of the rotor 22. A plurality of storage chambers 27 are formed for each.

  Here, with respect to the rotor blades 26 arranged in the rotor 22 according to the present embodiment, it is more preferable that the positions where the rotor blades 26 are arranged are different for each section 25. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 3, in a plurality of sections 25 (sections 25a to 25f) divided in the rotation axis direction of the rotor 22 by a plurality of partition walls 24, first, each section 25 has a rotor blade 26. 12 sheets are arranged at a pitch of 30 degrees. Then, in the section 25a, as shown in FIG. 3B, when the direction perpendicular to the rotation axis of the rotor 22 is set to 0 degree, one rotor blade 26 is arranged at a position of 0 degree, and The other rotor blades 26 are arranged at a pitch of 30 degrees.

  Next, in a section 25b adjacent to the section 25a, as shown in FIG. 3 (c), when the rotation direction of the rotor 22 is R, one rotor blade 26 is arranged offset by 10 degrees in the R direction, From there, another rotor blade 26 is arranged at a pitch of 30 degrees.

  Further, in the section 25c adjacent to the section 25b, as shown in FIG. 3D, when the rotation direction of the rotor 22 is R, one rotor blade 26 is arranged offset by 20 degrees in the R direction, and The other rotor blades 26 are arranged at a pitch of 30 degrees.

  Further, regarding the sections 25d to 25f, the rotor blades 26 may be arranged in the same arrangement mode as the sections 25a to 25c, or the rotor blades 26 may be arranged symmetrically with the sections 25a to 25c. Good. When the rotor blades 26 are arranged symmetrically with respect to the sections 25d to 25f in the sections 25d to 25f, the positions of the rotor blades 26 in the sections 25c and 25d are the same.

  In this way, the positions where the rotor blades 26 are arranged are different between the adjacent sections 25, that is, the formation positions of the accommodation chamber 27 of the scattered material are shifted between the adjacent sections 25, so that the direction of the rotation axis of the rotor 22, that is, In the longitudinal direction of the rotor 22, the sprayed material can be continuously delivered from the hopper 12 to the spraying portion 30 while adjusting the sprayed amount of the sprayed material.

  A spraying section 30 is arranged below the rotary valve 20. A well-known spinner mechanism can be adopted for the spraying unit 30. As shown in FIG. 4, the spraying section 30 according to the present embodiment includes two spinners 32, and is configured to spray a large amount of sprayed material over a wide range. Each of the spinners 32 is rotationally driven by chaining chains C2 and C3 between driven gears G4 and G5 respectively provided and a drive gear G3 provided to a motor (not shown) to transmit the driving force of the motor. In FIG. 4, reference numeral 34 is a spinner cover, which makes it possible to regulate the spraying direction of the sprayed material.

  As described above in detail, according to the pellet spreader 10 of the present embodiment, not only the conventional granular fertilizers, pesticides, and other sprays, but even pellet-shaped sprays having a cylindrical shape are uniformly and in large quantities. Can be sprayed on. In particular, even if the rotor 22 including the plurality of storage chambers 27 has a large diameter pellet having a diameter of about 6 mm to 15 mm, it is possible to smoothly disperse a large amount of pellets without causing a bridge at the discharge port 14 of the hopper 12. .

  In particular, in the pellet spreader 10 of the present embodiment, since the disposition position of the rotor blade 26 is different depending on the position of the compartment 25, the discharge port 14 of the hopper 12 is rotated in the rotational axis direction (longitudinal direction). ), The sprayed material can be uniformly delivered over a wide range, and smooth and uniform large-scale spraying can be performed.

  Further, in the conventional shutter type in which the spread of the scattered material is adjusted by opening and closing the shutter provided at the discharge port of the hopper, it is very difficult to adjust the spray amount because the scattered material is discharged by its own weight. Furthermore, since bridges due to scattered matter are likely to occur near the opening of the shutter, it is necessary to provide a bridge preventing means such as a rotating blade in the hopper.

  However, in the pellet spreader 10 of the present embodiment, the rotor 22 included in the rotary valve 20 can continuously feed out the scattered matter, and the bridge due to the scattered matter is generated even if the bridge preventing means is not provided in the hopper 12. There is nothing to do. Further, by shifting the arrangement position of the rotor blade 26 according to the position of the section 25, it is possible to uniformly spray the rotor 22 while adjusting the spray amount in the longitudinal direction.

  Although the pellet spreader 10 according to the embodiment of the present invention has been described above in detail, in the pellet spreader 10 of the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the rotor 22 related to the rotary valve 20 rotates the rotor 22. It is preferably provided so that it can be inserted and removed in the axial direction (X direction in FIG. 1A). By providing the rotor 22 so that it can be inserted and removed in the direction of the rotation axis, the rotor 22 can be cleaned and replaced without disassembling the rotary valve 20, thus improving maintainability.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 1C, it is preferable that the hopper 12 and the rotary valve 20 of the pellet spreader 10 of the present embodiment be rotatably installed on the frame 11. By rotatably installing the hopper 12 and the rotary valve 20 on the frame 11 with the rotary shaft 13 as an axis, it is possible to easily replace the rotary valve 20, clean or replace the spraying part 30, and maintain the maintainability. Further improvement is achieved.

  The pellet spreader 10 according to the embodiment of the present invention illustrated above should not be understood to substantially limit the technical idea of the present invention. The present invention can be implemented within the scope not departing from the gist thereof while making appropriate improvements, changes or additions by the ingenuity and ingenuity of those skilled in the art.

10: Pellet spreader 11: Frame 12: Hopper 13: Rotating shaft 14: Discharge port 16: Auxiliary wheel 20: Rotary valve 21: Opening 22: Rotor 23: Rotating shaft 24: Partition wall 25, 25a, 25b, 25c, 25d, 25e, 25f: Compartment 26: Rotor blade 27: Storage chamber 30: Dispersion part 32: Spinner 34: Spinner cover C1, C2, C3: Chain G1, G3: Drive gear G2, G4, G5: Driven gear M1: Motor

Claims (3)

A hopper for storing the scattered material,
A rotary valve which is disposed below a discharge port of a predetermined length provided in the lower part of the hopper, and whose rotation axis is parallel to the longitudinal direction of the discharge port;
And a sprinkling section disposed below the rotary valve,
On the surface of the rotor, at a predetermined interval in the rotation axis direction of the rotor, a plurality of partition walls are erected in a direction perpendicular to the rotation axis of the rotor,
For each section divided in the rotation axis direction of the rotor by the plurality of partition walls, a plurality of rotor blades are arranged in parallel to the rotation axis of the rotor, and a plurality of storage chambers are formed for each section. Pellet spreader characterized by being   The pellet spreader according to claim 2, wherein the arrangement position of the rotor blade is different depending on the position of the section.   The pellet spreader according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the rotor is provided so as to be insertable and removable in a rotation axis direction of the rotor.