JP2020048299A - Power generation control device, power generation control method, and program - Google Patents

Abstract

To control so that a summation of powers at an interconnection point does not exceed an upper limit of allowable amount even when the generation power of photovoltaic power generation rapidly changes.SOLUTION: A power generation control device controls the generation power of a power generation system provided with a photovoltaic power generation facility and a wind power generation facility. The power generation control device is provided with a control section for controlling the generation power of the photovoltaic power generation facility on the basis of delay characteristic of the wind power generation facility when controlling the generation power of the wind power generation facility. Likewise, a power control method controls the generation power of the photovoltaic power generation facility on the basis of the delay characteristic of the wind power generation facility when controlling the generation power of the wind power generation facility.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

  The present invention relates to a power generation control device, a power generation control method, and a program.

Conventionally, a hybrid power generation system that can generate power even at night using a wind power generation facility and a solar power generation facility is known (for example, see Patent Literature 1 and Patent Literature 2). Further, there is known a power generation system in which a wind power generation facility and a solar power generation facility are connected to the same interconnection point. When the sum of the power at the interconnection point exceeds the upper limit of the allowable amount, the generated power is limited (Patent Documents 2 to 5).
[Prior art documents]
[Patent Document]
[Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 61-203836 [Patent Document 2] WO 2014/181585 [Patent Document 3] Patent No. 6313498 [Patent Document 4] Patent No. 6105138 [Patent Document 5] Patent No. 6108510

  It is desirable to control so that the total value of the power at the interconnection point does not exceed the upper limit of the allowable amount even when the generated power of the photovoltaic power generation changes rapidly.

  In a first aspect of the present invention, a power generation control device is provided. The power generation control device may control the power generated by the power generation system. The power generation system may include a solar power generation facility and a wind power generation facility. The power generation system may include a control unit. When controlling the generated power of the wind power generation facility, the control unit may control the generated power of the photovoltaic power generation facility based on the delay characteristics of the wind power generation facility.

  The power generation control device may further include a generated power monitoring unit. The generated power monitoring unit may monitor the current generated power of the wind power generation facility. The control unit may control the generated power of the photovoltaic power generation facility based on a difference between the target generated power of the wind power generation facility and the current generated power of the wind power generation facility. The target generated power may be a control target value of the generated power of the wind power generation facility.

  The power generation control device may further include a delay characteristic storage unit. The delay characteristic storage unit may store delay characteristics of the wind power generation facility. The control unit may control the generated power of the photovoltaic power generation facility based on the delay characteristics stored in the delay characteristic storage unit.

  The power generation control device may further include a generated power monitoring unit and a delay characteristic updating unit. The generated power monitoring unit may monitor the currently generated power. The delay characteristic updating unit may update the delay characteristic based on the fluctuation of the current generated power when controlling the generated power of the wind power generation facility.

  The power generation control device may include a characteristic correction unit. The characteristic correction unit may correct the delay characteristic based on at least one of the wind speed and the wind direction of the place where the wind power generation facility is installed.

  A wind power installation may have multiple wind turbines. The characteristic correction unit may correct the delay characteristic based on the direction in which the plurality of wind turbines are arranged and the wind direction.

  The control unit increases the power generated by the photovoltaic power generation facility and decreases the power generated by the wind power generation facility. The generated power of the photovoltaic power generation facility may be controlled such that the rate of increase in the generated power of the facility is equal to or less than the rate of reduction of the generated power of the wind power generation facility.

  The control unit includes: a first output upper limit obtained by adding a first margin to the current power generated by the photovoltaic power generation facility; a second output upper limit obtained by adding a second margin to the current power generated by the wind power generator; Is greater than or equal to the upper limit of the power generation allowance, so that the rate of increase in the amount of power generated by the solar power generation facility is equal to or less than the rate of decrease in the power generated by the wind power generation facility. The power may be controlled.

  The control unit is configured to compare the first output upper limit with the first output upper limit in comparison with the increase rate of the generated power of the photovoltaic power generation facility when the sum of the first output upper limit and the second output upper limit is smaller than the upper limit of the allowable generation amount. Controlling the generated power of the photovoltaic power generation facility so that the rate of increase of the generated power of the photovoltaic power generation facility when the sum of the value and the second output upper limit value is equal to or greater than the upper limit of the permissible power generation amount is reduced. May be.

  The control unit, when reducing the generated power of the solar power generation facility and reducing the generated power of the wind power generation facility, temporarily reduces the control target value of the solar power generation facility by the first correction amount. Good. The first correction amount may be larger than the difference between the current generated power of the wind power generation facility and the target generated power.

  The control unit, when increasing the generated power of the solar power generation facility and increasing the generated power of the wind power generation facility, temporarily increases the control target value of the solar power generation facility by the second correction amount. Good. The second correction amount may be smaller than the difference between the current generated power of the wind power generation facility and the target generated power.

  The difference between the current generated power of the wind power generation facility and the target generated power when decreasing each generated power and the first correction amount is the difference between the current generated power of the wind power generation facility and the target when increasing each generated power. It may be larger than the difference between the generated power and the second correction amount.

  In a second aspect of the present invention, a power generation control method is provided. The power generation control method may control the power generated by the power generation system. The power generation system may include a solar power generation facility and a wind power generation facility. The power generation control method may control the generated power of the solar power generation facility based on the delay characteristics of the wind power generation facility when controlling the generated power of the wind power generation facility. The present invention further provides a program for causing a computer to execute the power generation control method.

  The above summary of the present invention does not list all of the necessary features of the present invention. Further, a sub-combination of these feature groups can also be an invention.

1 schematically shows a power generation system 2 in which a power generation control device 100 of the present invention is used. 1 shows an example of a power generation system 2 having a power generation control device 100 according to the first embodiment. 7 shows an example of output limitation in a comparative example. It is an example of the output limitation in the power generation control device 100 of the first embodiment. It is an example of the output limitation in the power generation control device 100 of the first embodiment. 3 shows an example of a control block of the power generation control device 100. It is a flowchart which shows an example of a process of the power generation control device 100 of the first embodiment. It is an example of control in the power generation control device 100 of the second embodiment. It is a flow chart which shows an example of processing in power generation control device 100 of a 2nd embodiment. 9 shows an example of a power generation system 2 having a power generation control device 100 according to a third embodiment. It is an example of control in the power generation control device 100 of the third embodiment. It is a flow chart which shows an example of processing in power generation control device 100 of a 3rd embodiment. 9 shows an example of a power generation system 2 having a power generation control device 100 according to a fourth embodiment. It is a flow chart which shows an example of processing in power generation control device 100 of a 4th embodiment. 13 shows an example of a power generation system 2 having a power generation control device 100 according to a fifth embodiment. An example of a direction in which a plurality of wind turbines 21 are arranged and a wind direction are shown. It is a flow chart which shows an example of processing in power generation control device 100 of a 5th embodiment. An example of control in a case where both the solar power output and the wind power output are reduced will be described. It is a flowchart which shows an example of the process in the power generation control apparatus 100 in the case of reducing a solar power output and a wind power output. An example of control when increasing both the solar power output and the wind power output will be described. It is a flowchart which shows an example of the process in the electric power generation control apparatus 100 when increasing both a solar power output and a wind power output. 1 shows an example of the configuration of a computer 2200 according to the present embodiment.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described through embodiments of the invention, but the following embodiments do not limit the invention according to the claims. In addition, not all combinations of the features described in the embodiments are necessarily essential to the solution of the invention.

  FIG. 1 schematically shows a power generation system 2 in which a power generation control device 100 of the present invention is used. The power generation system 2 includes a solar power generation facility 10, a wind power generation facility 20, and an interconnection point 30. The photovoltaic power generation facility 10 may include a plurality of photovoltaic power generation facilities 10-1 and 10-2. The wind power generation facility 20 may include a plurality of wind power generation facilities 20-1, 20-2, and 20-3. However, the numbers of the solar power generation facilities 10 and the wind power generation facilities 20 are not limited. Each of the solar power generation facility 10 and the wind power generation facility 20 may be one.

  The solar power generation facility 10 and the wind power generation facility 20 are electrically connected to the same interconnection point 30 via a transmission line. The electric power generated by the solar power generation facility 10 and the wind power generation facility 20 may be supplied to the substation 4 via the interconnection point 30. The substation 4 may be connected to a commercial power system 6.

  When the generator connects the generator to the commercial power system 6, the maximum output power (sometimes referred to as interconnection capacity) supplied by the generator is determined in advance. The interconnection capacity may be determined based on the rated output of the generator. When a plurality of types of generators are connected to one interconnection point 30, the sum of the generated powers (combined output values) of all the generators is controlled to be equal to or less than the upper limit of the permissible power generation. In this example, the power generation control device 100 controls each of the generators so that the total value of the power generated by the plurality of types of power generation equipment does not exceed the upper limit of the allowable amount set to be equal to or less than the connection capacity.

  FIG. 2 illustrates an example of the power generation system 2 including the power generation control device 100 according to the first embodiment. The power generation system 2 includes a power conditioner 12 for photovoltaic power generation. The power conditioner 12 is called PCS (Power Conditioning Subsystem). The power conditioner 12 may include an inverter device 14 and an output control unit 16. The inverter device 14 is connected to the solar power generation facility 10. The inverter device 14 converts DC power generated by the solar power generation facility 10 into AC power. The output control unit 16 receives a control signal from the power generation control device 100. The output control unit 16 controls the generated power of the solar power generation facility 10 according to the received control signal. Specifically, the output control unit 16 controls the AC power output via the inverter device 14.

  The power generation system 2 includes a wind power generation control unit 22. The wind power generation control unit 22 controls the generated power of the wind power generation facility 20. Specifically, the wind power generation equipment 20 generates electric power using a blade of a windmill as a mechanical drive unit. In one example, the wind power generation control unit 22 controls the power generated by the wind power generation equipment 20 by pitch control control that adjusts the angle of the blade of the wind turbine.

  The power conditioner 12 and the interconnection point 30 may be electrically connected by the transmission line 18. A transformer 36 may be provided between the power conditioner 12 and the interconnection point 30. A transformer 37 may be provided between the interconnection point 30 and the substation 4. The wind power generation facility 20 and the interconnection point 30 may be electrically connected by the transmission line 24.

  The power generation system 2 includes power meters 32 and 34 for measuring the generated power of each power generation facility. The power meter 32 is connected to a power line between the photovoltaic power generation facility 10 and the interconnection point 30, and measures the generated power of the photovoltaic power generation facility 10. The wattmeter 34 is connected to a power line between the wind power generation facility 20 and the interconnection point 30 and measures the power generated by the wind power generation facility 20. The generated power values measured by the power meter 32 and the power meter 34 are supplied to the generated power monitoring unit 120 of the power generation control device 100.

  The power generation control device 100 controls the power generated by the power generation system 2 including the solar power generation facility 10 and the wind power generation facility 20. The power generation control device 100 includes a control unit 110. The power generation control device 100 may further include a generated power monitoring unit 120 and a storage unit 130. The power generation control device 100 may be configured by a computer such as a PLC (programmable logic controller). Each unit such as the control unit 110 and the generated power monitoring unit 120 may be realized as a function of a CPU that executes a control program.

  The control unit 110 may control the photovoltaic power generation facility 10 and the wind power generation facility 20 to limit the total value of the generated power at the interconnection point 30 to be equal to or less than the upper limit of the permissible power generation. When controlling the generated power of the wind power generation facility 20, the control unit 110 controls the generated power of the solar power generation facility 10 based on the delay characteristics of the wind power generation facility 20. In the present specification, the delay characteristic means how the actual generated power fluctuates after issuing a command for controlling the generated power.

  The generated power monitoring unit 120 monitors the current generated power of the wind power generation facility 20. The generated power monitoring unit 120 of the present example also monitors the current generated power of the solar power generation facility 10. In one example, the generated power monitoring unit 120 may obtain the current generated power of the solar power generation facility 10 from the wattmeter 32. The generated power monitoring unit 120 may obtain the current generated power from the wind power generation facility 20 from the wattmeter 34. The wattmeters 32 and 34 may function as a generated power monitoring unit.

  The storage unit 130 may store each piece of information used by the control unit 110 for control. In one example, the storage unit 130 may store information on delay characteristics of the wind power generation facility 20. Further, the storage unit 130 may store weather information such as an upper limit value of the allowable power generation amount at the interconnection point 30 and wind speed and wind direction acquired from outside. The storage unit 130 may store destination information when transmitting a control signal to the output limiting mechanism of the solar power generation facility 10 and the wind power generation facility 20 via the network.

  FIG. 3 shows an example of output limitation in the comparative example. FIG. 3 shows the ratio (%) of the power generated by each power generation facility to the interconnection capacity when the power generated by the photovoltaic power generation facility 10 rises sharply. In the comparative example in FIG. 3, the control unit 110 controls the power generation of the wind power generation facility 20 according to the generated power (PV output) of the photovoltaic power generation facility 10 increasing from 50% to 100% of the interconnection capacity. The case where the power (WT output) is reduced from 20% of the interconnection capacity to 0% is shown.

  In the wind power generation facility 20, the generated power of the wind power generation facility 20 is controlled by, for example, pitch control control for adjusting the angle of the blade of the wind turbine. That is, a mechanical operation is required to change the generated power. Therefore, the delay time A from when the command for controlling the generated power is received to when the generated power actually fluctuates is longer than the delay time in the photovoltaic power generation facility 10. For example, it takes one second to change the power generated by the wind power generation facility 20 by 5%.

  Therefore, when the power generated by the solar power generation facility 10 is rapidly changed while the power generated by the wind power generation facility 20 is reduced, the power generation at the interconnection point 30 cannot be suppressed due to the suppression of the power generated by the wind power generation facility 20 in time. There is a possibility that the combined output, which is the total value of the power, exceeds the predetermined upper limit value X1 of the allowable power generation amount. The upper limit of the predetermined allowable amount may be the interconnection capacity, and may be a value determined in a range of 90% to 99% of the interconnection capacity.

  FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 are examples of output limitation in the power generation control device 100 of the first embodiment. 4 and 5, the horizontal axis represents time, and the vertical axis represents the ratio (%) of the generated power of each power generation facility to the interconnection capacity. In the examples illustrated in FIGS. 4 and 5, the control unit 110 adds a first margin to the current power generation (PV output) of the photovoltaic power generation facility 10 and sets a first output upper limit (first output limit). Value). The control unit 110 sets a second output upper limit value (second output limit value) by adding a second margin to the current generated power (WT output) of the wind power generation facility 20. The first margin may be 8% or less of the rated power of the photovoltaic power generation facility 10, more preferably 4% or more and 6% or less, and may be 5%. The second margin may be 8% or less of the rated power of the wind power generation facility 20, more preferably 4% or more and 6% or less, and may be 5%.

  As shown in FIG. 4, when the sum of the first output upper limit value and the second output upper limit value is less than the upper limit of the allowable power generation amount, the solar power generation facility 10 and the wind power generation facility 20 output You may generate electricity without restriction.

  FIG. 5 shows control contents when the sum of the first output upper limit value and the second output upper limit value is equal to or more than the upper limit of the allowable power generation amount. When the sum of the first output upper limit value and the second output upper limit value is equal to or larger than the upper limit of the allowable power generation amount, the control unit 110, as indicated by B in FIG. The generated power of the photovoltaic power generation facility is controlled so that the rate of increase of the generated power of the wind power generation facility is equal to or less than the reduction rate of the generated power of the wind power generation facility (A in FIG. 5). In this specification, the increase rate means an increase amount per unit time, and the decrease rate means a decrease amount per unit time.

  Specifically, the control unit 110 may limit the rate of increase of the output upper limit value (output limit value) of the photovoltaic power generation facility 10 based on a delay characteristic when the generated power in the wind power generation facility 20 is reduced. . If the delay characteristic of the wind power generation facility 20 is 5% / sec, the control unit 110 controls the solar power generation apparatus 10 so that the rate of increase of the output upper limit value (output limit value) is 5% / sec or less. Controls the power generated by photovoltaic power generation equipment. Information about such an increase rate may be stored in the storage unit 130 in advance.

  The control unit 110 increases the power generation rate of the photovoltaic power generation facility 10 when the sum of the first output upper limit value and the second output upper limit value is smaller than the upper limit of the allowable power generation amount (C in FIG. 5). , The rate of increase in the power generated by the photovoltaic power generation facility 10 when the sum of the first output upper limit and the second output upper limit is equal to or greater than the upper limit of the allowable power generation (B in FIG. 5). The power generated by the photovoltaic power generation facility may be controlled so that the value of () becomes smaller.

  Therefore, even when the power generated by the photovoltaic power generation facility 10 rises, the control unit 110 does not limit the rate of increase from the initial time point of the rise of the power generation, but instead sets the first output upper limit and the second output upper limit. The increase rate may be suppressed when the sum of the output upper limit value and the output upper limit value exceeds the upper limit value of the allowable power generation amount. That is, the rate of increase in the power generated by the photovoltaic power generation facility 10 during at least a part of the period in which the power generated by the photovoltaic power generation facility 10 is increased is suppressed. Therefore, compared to the case where the rate of increase is suppressed from the initial time point of the increase in the generated power, it is possible to prevent an increase in the amount of generated power suppressed by solar power generation. On the other hand, it is possible to prevent the sum of the electric power at the interconnection point 30 from exceeding the upper limit of the allowable power generation amount.

  In particular, in the present example, the respective output upper limit values are changed so as to follow the power generated by the solar power generation facility 10 and the power generated by the wind power generation facility 20. In this way, by setting the output upper limit value of each power generation facility to a value close to the current generated power value without fixing it, when the generated power is suddenly changed, the combined output at the interconnection point 30 becomes the upper limit of the allowable power generation amount. Is prevented beforehand.

  FIG. 6 shows an example of a control block of the power generation control device 100. The control unit 110 of the present example includes a first output upper limit value calculation unit 111, a second output upper limit value calculation unit 112, a combined value calculation unit 113, a comparison unit 114, an increase rate limit unit 115, a first switching unit 116, a second A switching unit 117 and a second output upper limit updating unit 118 may be included.

  FIG. 7 is a flowchart illustrating an example of a process of the power generation control device 100 according to the first embodiment. FIG. 7 illustrates an example of a power generation control method for controlling the generated power of the power generation system 2 including the solar power generation facility 10 and the wind power generation facility 20. The power generation control method controls the power generated by the solar power generation facility 10 based on the delay characteristics of the wind power generation facility 20 when controlling the power generated by the wind power generation facility 20.

The power meter 32 measures the current generated power (PV output) P _POUT of the photovoltaic power generation facility 10, and the power meter 34 measures the current generated power (WT output) P _WOUT of the wind power generation facility 20 (step S101). . When there are a plurality of photovoltaic power generation facilities 10, the generated power monitoring unit 120 may calculate the total of the generated power of the plurality of photovoltaic power generation facilities 10 as the current generated power _PPOUT . The same applies to the currently generated power _PWOUT .

The first output upper limit calculation unit 111 adds a first margin P _PMG to the current generated power (PV output) P _POUT of the photovoltaic power generation facility 10, and adds a first output upper limit (first output limit). Calculate _PPMX (step S102). Similarly, the second output upper limit calculation unit 112 adds the second margin P _WMG to the current generated power (WT output) P _WOUT of the wind power generation facility 20 to obtain a second output upper limit (second output limit). Value) _PWMX is calculated (step S102). Sum calculator 113 calculates the first output upper limit value _{P PMX} sum _{P SMX} second output upper limit value _{P WMX} (step S103).

Comparing unit 114, the upper limit of the sum _{P SMX} and the power generation capacity of the first output upper limit value _{P PMX} and second output upper limit value _{P WMX} X1 (e.g., interconnection capacitance) is compared with (step S104). When the sum _PSMX is less than the upper limit X1 of the allowable power generation amount (step S104: NO), the comparing unit 114 may output the logical value 0. In this case, the first switching unit 116 and the second switching unit 117 transmit the current first output upper limit value P _PMX and the second output upper limit value P _WMX calculated in step S102 to each power generation facility (step S106). ). When the sum _PSMX is equal to or more than the upper limit X1 of the allowable power generation amount (step S104: YES), the comparing unit 114 may output the logical value 1. In this case, the increase rate limiting unit 115 sets the increase rate of the PPMX to a value determined based on the delay characteristics of the wind power generation equipment so that the increase rate of the photovoltaic power becomes equal to or less than the decrease rate of the wind power. Is restricted (step S105).

Further, the second output upper limit updating unit 118 from the previous second output upper limit value _{P WMXOLD,} calculate a new second output upper limit value _{P WMX} by subtracting the change in _{P PMXV} photovoltaic output _{P PMX} (Step S105). Then, the control unit transmits the first output upper limit value P _PMX and the second output upper limit value P _WMX calculated in step S106 to each power generation facility (step S106).

  According to this example, the amount of delay can be offset by the solar power generation until the generated power of the wind power fluctuates. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the sum of the electric power at the interconnection point 30 from exceeding the upper limit of the allowable power generation amount.

  In the above-described power generation control device 100 of the first embodiment, the case has been described in which the first output upper limit value and the second output upper limit value are calculated by adding a margin to the current generated power. In addition, the case has been described where the control unit 110 limits the increase rate to an arbitrary value stored in the storage unit 130 or the like. However, the power generation control device 100 is not limited to this case. When controlling the generated power of the wind power generation facility 20, the power generation control device 100 may control the generated power of the solar power generation facility 10 based on the delay characteristics of the wind power generation facility 20.

  FIG. 8 is an example of control in the power generation control device 100 according to the second embodiment. The configuration of the power generation control device 100 of the second embodiment is the same as that of FIG. The power generation control device 100 according to the second embodiment includes a generated power monitoring unit 120 that monitors the current generated power of the wind power generation facility 20. The control unit 110 controls the generated power of the solar power generation facility 10 based on a difference between a target generated power, which is a control target value of the generated power of the wind power generation facility 20, and the current generated power. In an ideal state where the wind power generation facility 20 has no delay characteristics, there is no difference between the current power generated by the wind power generation facility 20 and the target power generated by the wind power generation facility 20. However, in reality, as described above, the wind power generation facility 20 has a delay characteristic. There is a difference between the current power generated by the wind power generation facility 20 and the target power generated by the wind power generation facility 20 due to the delay characteristics. In other words, the difference represents the delay characteristic. The control unit 110 can control each generated power by measuring an actual measured value of the delay characteristic as needed.

  In this example, the difference between the current generated power and the target generated power in the wind power generation facility 20 is sequentially calculated at a predetermined sampling cycle, and the generated power of the solar power generation facility 10 is controlled according to the difference. Such control is a kind of feedback control based on the difference. For example, it is considered that the larger the difference is, the more affected the delay characteristics of the wind power generation facility 20 are. Therefore, control unit 110 limits the power generated by photovoltaic power generation facility 10 as the difference increases. As the time elapses and the difference becomes smaller, the restriction on the generated power of the photovoltaic power generation facility 10 is relaxed.

Also in this example, the control unit 110 increases the power generated by the solar power generation facility 10 and decreases the power generated by the wind power generation facility 20. Control unit 110, at least part of the period of time that increases the electric power generated by the photovoltaic power generation facility 10, the rate of increase in power generated by the photovoltaic power generation facility 10 (shown in the drawing theta ₁₎ is a wind power installation 20 rate of decrease of the generated power (shown in the drawing theta ₂₎ so as to become less, for controlling the generated power of the solar power generation facility 10.

  FIG. 9 is a flowchart illustrating an example of processing in the power generation control device 100 according to the second embodiment. The wattmeter 32 measures the current power generated by the solar power generation facility 10, and the wattmeter 34 measures the current power generated by the wind power generation facility 20 (step S201). The control unit 110 calculates a difference between the control target value of the wind power generation and the current wind power (output value) as a delay characteristic (step S202). Then, the photovoltaic power is restricted based on the difference so that the rate of increase of the photovoltaic power is equal to or less than the rate of decrease of the wind power (step S203). In step S203, the control unit 110 may limit the first output upper limit value related to the photovoltaic power generation. The limited first output upper limit value (limit value) and the like are transmitted to each power generation facility as a control signal to control the power generated by each power generation facility (step S204).

  Note that also in the second embodiment, the processing of steps S101 to S104 of the flowchart of FIG. 7 in the first embodiment may be executed. In this case, the first output upper limit value and the second output upper limit value are calculated by adding a margin to the current generated power, and the sum of the first output upper limit value and the second output upper limit value is set as the allowable upper limit value X1. In the case described above, the control unit 110 executes the processing from step S201 to step S204.

  According to the power generation control device 100 of the second embodiment, since the measured value of the delay characteristic can be measured and controlled at any time, the generated power can be controlled according to the delay characteristic of the wind power generation facility 20. Further, even when the storage unit 130 does not previously store the information on the delay characteristics, the generated power can be controlled.

  FIG. 10 shows an example of the power generation system 2 having the power generation control device 100 according to the third embodiment. The power generation control device 100 of this example includes a delay characteristic storage unit 132. The delay characteristic storage unit 132 may store delay characteristics. The delay characteristic storage unit 132 may be a model, an expression, a graph, a parameter, or the like for reproducing how to delay the fluctuation of the generated power in the wind power generation facility 20 after issuing the command to control the generated power. The delay characteristic may function as an observer in the control. The control unit 110 can estimate the current influence of the delay based on the control target value of the wind power generation and the delay characteristics. Other configurations may be the same as those of the power generation control device 100 of the first embodiment.

  FIG. 11 is an example of control in the power generation control device 100 according to the third embodiment. FIG. 12 is a flowchart illustrating an example of a process in the power generation control device 100 according to the third embodiment. The power meter 32 measures the current power generated by the solar power generation facility 10, and the power meter 34 measures the current power generated by the wind power generation facility 20 (step S301). The control unit 110 refers to the delay characteristics stored in the delay characteristic storage unit 132 (Step S302). The delay characteristics may be obtained by experimentally calculating the delay characteristics of the wind power generation facility 20 in advance, or may be theoretically modeled. The delay characteristic may include a non-linear characteristic of the fluctuation of the actual generated power after issuing the command to control the generated power.

  The control unit 110 refers to the delay characteristics in the delay characteristic storage unit 132 and estimates the current power generation of the wind power generation facility 20 using the control target value of the wind power generation (step S303). The generated power at each of the times t0, t1, t2, and t3 is estimated. The control unit 110 controls the photovoltaic power in accordance with the estimated value of the wind power so that the increase rate of the photovoltaic power is equal to or less than the decrease rate of the wind power (step S304). As shown in FIG. 11, even when the wind power generation facility 20 exhibits a nonlinear delay characteristic, the control unit 110 can control the generated power based on the delay characteristic. The control unit 110 may transmit a control signal to each power generation facility to control the power generated by each power generation facility (step S305).

  FIG. 13 illustrates an example of a power generation system 2 including the power generation control device 100 according to the fourth embodiment. The power generation control device 100 according to the fourth embodiment includes a delay characteristic updating unit 140. Other configurations are the same as in the third embodiment.

  FIG. 14 is a flowchart illustrating an example of a process in the power generation control device 100 according to the fourth embodiment. The processing from step S301 to step S305 is the same as the processing shown in the flowchart of FIG. 11 in the third embodiment. Therefore, detailed description is omitted.

  The delay characteristic updating unit 140 updates the delay characteristic based on the fluctuation of the current generated power when controlling the generated power of the wind power generation facility 20 (Step S306). For example, the delay characteristic updating unit 140 determines the value of the current generated power of the wind power generation facility 20 at each time measured in step S301 and the generated power of the wind power generation facility 20 based on the delay characteristic model in the delay characteristic storage unit 132. The prediction value is compared with a predetermined period. Based on the comparison result, the delay characteristic updating unit 140 calculates a difference between the value of the current generated power of the wind power generation equipment 20 and the predicted value of the generated power of the wind power generation equipment 20 based on the delay characteristic model in the delay characteristic storage unit 132. The delay characteristics may be updated so that the number of delays decreases.

  According to the present embodiment, the delay characteristic can be updated based on the fluctuation of the current generated power. Therefore, even when the delay characteristic of the wind power generation equipment 20 changes due to aging or the like, the delay characteristic can be updated based on the accurate delay characteristic. Thus, the generated power can be controlled.

  FIG. 15 illustrates an example of the power generation system 2 including the power generation control device 100 according to the fifth embodiment. The power generation control device 100 according to the fifth embodiment includes a characteristic correction unit 142. The characteristic correction unit 142 may be communicably connected to the anemometer 144. Other configurations are the same as those in the third embodiment.

  The characteristic correction unit 142 may correct the delay characteristic based on at least one of the wind speed and the wind direction of the place where the wind power generation facility 20 is installed. In the wind power generation facility 20, the power generated by the wind power generation facility 20 is controlled by pitch control control for adjusting the angle of the blade of the wind turbine. Therefore, the delay characteristics may change depending on the wind speed and the wind direction.

  FIG. 16 shows an example of a direction in which a plurality of wind turbines 21 are arranged and a wind direction. The wind power generation facility 20 may include a plurality of wind turbines 21. The plurality of wind turbines 21 may be arranged along a straight line or a curved line. The characteristic correction unit 142 may correct the delay characteristic at the place where the wind power generation facility 20 is installed, based on the angle θa between the rotation axis of the windmill of the wind power generation facility 20 and the wind direction. Further, the characteristic correction unit 142 may correct the delay characteristic based on the angle θb between the direction in which the plurality of wind turbines 21 are arranged and the wind direction. The direction in which the plurality of wind turbines 21 are arranged may be a direction along a line segment virtually connecting the centers of the plurality of wind turbines 21. In one example, the delay characteristic storage unit 132 has a plurality of models as delay characteristic models, and the characteristic correction unit 142 uses a model according to at least one of the angle θa, the angle θb, and the wind speed. May be selected.

  FIG. 17 is a flowchart illustrating an example of a process in the power generation control device 100 according to the fifth embodiment. The characteristic correction unit 142 acquires at least one of the wind speed and the wind direction at the place where the wind power generation facility is installed (Step S401). The wind speed and the wind direction may be obtained by using the dedicated anemometer 144, or information from another weather observation site may be obtained. The characteristic correction unit 142 corrects the delay characteristic based on at least one of the wind speed and the wind direction of the place where the wind power generation facility is installed (Step S402). The processing from step S403 to step S407 is the same as the processing from step S301 to step S305 shown in the flowchart of FIG. 11 in the third embodiment. Therefore, detailed description is omitted. Note that the power generation control device 100 of the fifth embodiment may further include the delay characteristic updating unit 140 described in the fourth embodiment.

  The first to fifth embodiments have mainly described the processing in the case where the power generated by the solar power generation facility is increased and the power generated by the wind power generation facility 20 is reduced. However, the power generation control device 100 is not limited to such processing.

  FIG. 18 shows an example of control when both the solar power output and the wind power output are reduced. The left side of FIG. 18 shows an output change of the generated power (PV output) by the solar power generation facility 10 and an output change of the generated power (WT output) by the wind power generation facility 20 in an ideal state. The right side of FIG. 18 shows the control contents in this example.

  When reducing the power generated by the solar power generation facility 10 and reducing the power generated by the wind power generation facility 20, the control unit 110 is larger than the difference L1 between the current power generated by the wind power generation facility 20 and the target power generation. The control target value of the photovoltaic power generation equipment is temporarily reduced by the first correction amount L2.

  For example, when a request to lower the interconnection capacity is received, it is necessary to reduce both the photovoltaic power and the wind power to reduce the total value of the generated power at the interconnection point 30. In such a case, it is desirable to reduce the total value of the generated power to a predetermined value without delay as much as possible. The control unit 110 temporarily reduces the control target value of the power generated by the photovoltaic power plant 10, considering that it takes time to suppress the power generated by the wind power plant 20.

  FIG. 19 is a flowchart illustrating an example of a process in the power generation control device 100 in a case where the photovoltaic power output and the wind power output are reduced. Control part 110 reduces processing power of a photovoltaic power generation facility (Step S501: YES), and, when reducing power generation power of a wind power generation facility (Step S502: YES), performs processing of Step S503 to Step S505. You can do it.

  The wattmeter 32 measures the current power generated by the solar power generation facility 10, and the wattmeter 34 measures the current power generated by the wind power generation facility 20 (step S503). The control unit 110 calculates a difference L1 between a wind power generation control target value and a current wind power generation output value. Then, the control unit 110 temporarily reduces the control target value of the photovoltaic power generation facility 10 by the first correction amount L2 that is larger than the difference L1 between the control target value of the wind power generation and the current wind power. The control unit 110 increases the control target value of the temporarily reduced generated power as the power generated by the wind power generation facility 20 decreases, and returns the control target value to the original control target value.

  According to such a process, even when both the photovoltaic power and the wind power are reduced based on the command, the generated power can be quickly reduced while taking into account the delay characteristics of the wind power generation equipment 20. it can.

  FIG. 20 shows an example of control when both the solar power output and the wind power output are increased. The left side of FIG. 20 shows the output change of the generated power (PV output) by the solar power generation facility 10 and the output change of the generated power (WT output) by the wind power generation facility 20 in the ideal state. The control contents in the example are shown.

  When increasing the generated power of the solar power generation facility 10 and increasing the generated power of the wind power generation facility 20, the control unit 110 is smaller than the difference L3 between the current generated power of the wind power generation facility 20 and the target generated power. The control target value of the photovoltaic power generation equipment is temporarily increased by the second correction amount L4.

  For example, when a request to increase the interconnection capacity is received, it may be desirable to increase both the photovoltaic power and the wind power to increase the total value of the generated power at the interconnection point 30. In such a case, it is advantageous to increase the total value of the generated power without delay as much as possible. The control unit 110 temporarily increases the control target value of the power generated by the photovoltaic power generation facility 10, considering that it takes time to increase the power generated by the wind power generation facility 20.

  FIG. 21 is a flowchart illustrating an example of processing in the power generation control device 100 when both the solar power output and the wind power output are increased. When increasing the power generated by the photovoltaic power generation facility (step S601: YES) and decreasing the power generated by the wind power generation facility (step S602: YES), the control unit 110 performs the processing from step S603 to step S605. You can do it.

  The wattmeter 32 measures the current power generated by the solar power generation facility 10, and the wattmeter 34 measures the current power generated by the wind power generation facility 20 (step S603). The control unit 110 calculates a difference L3 between the wind power generation control target value and the current wind power generation output value. Then, the control unit 110 temporarily increases the control target value of the photovoltaic power generation facility 10 by the second correction amount L4 that is smaller than the difference L3 between the wind power generation control target value and the current wind power generation power. The control unit 110 decreases the control target value of the temporarily increased generated power as the power generated by the wind power generation equipment 20 increases, and returns the control target value to the original control target value.

  According to such processing, even when both the photovoltaic power and the wind power are increased based on the command, the generated power can be quickly increased while taking into account the delay characteristics of the wind power generation equipment 20. it can.

  The processes shown in FIGS. 18 to 21 can be executed by the same power generation control device 100. That is, when reducing the power generated by the solar power generation facility 10 and reducing the power generated by the wind power generation facility, the control unit 110 calculates the difference L1 between the current power generated by the wind power generation facility 20 and the target generated power. With the large first correction amount L2, the control target value of the photovoltaic power generation facility is temporarily reduced. Then, when increasing the generated power of the photovoltaic power generation facility 10 and increasing the generated power of the wind power generation facility 20, the control unit 110 determines the difference L3 between the current generated power of the wind power generation facility 20 and the target generated power. With a smaller second correction amount L4, the control target value of the photovoltaic power generation facility 10 is temporarily increased.

  When the difference (D1 shown in FIG. 18) between the difference L1 between the current generated power and the target generated power of the wind power generation facility 20 and the first correction amount L2 when decreasing each generated power increases each generated power. May be larger than the difference (D2 shown in FIG. 20) between the difference L3 between the current power generation and the target power generation of the wind power generation equipment 20 and the second correction amount L4. That is, when each generated electric power is decreased, when the generated electric power is greatly reduced, and when each generated electric power is increased, the electric power is increased slightly.

  When the power generated by the solar power generation facility 10 is decreased and the power generated by the wind power generation facility 20 is increased, the power generation capacity of the solar power generation facility 10 May be executed to delay the decrease in the generated power.

  FIG. 22 illustrates an example of a configuration of a computer 2200 according to the present embodiment. FIG. 22 illustrates an example of a computer 2200 in which aspects of the present invention may be wholly or partially embodied. The programs installed on the computer 2200 can cause the computer 2200 to function as one or more sections of the operation associated with the device according to the embodiment of the present invention or the one or more sections of the device. Sections may be executed and / or computer 2200 may execute a process or a step of the process according to an embodiment of the present invention. Specifically, the program is a power generation control method for controlling the generated power of the power generation system 2 including the photovoltaic power generation facilities 10 and the wind power generation facilities 20. The computer can execute a power generation control method for controlling the generated power of the solar power generation facility 10 based on the delay characteristics of the power generation facility 20. Such programs may be executed by CPU 2212 to cause computer 2200 to perform certain operations associated with some or all of the blocks in the flowcharts and block diagrams described herein.

  The computer 2200 according to this embodiment includes a CPU 2212, a RAM 2214, a graphic controller 2216, and a display device 2218, which are interconnected by a host controller 2210. Computer 2200 also includes input / output units such as a communication interface 2222, a hard disk drive 2224, a DVD-ROM drive 2226, and an IC card drive, which are connected to a host controller 2210 via an input / output controller 2220. I have. The computer also includes legacy input / output units, such as a ROM 2230 and a keyboard 2242, which are connected to an input / output controller 2220 via an input / output chip 2240.

  The CPU 2212 operates according to the programs stored in the ROM 2230 and the RAM 2214, and controls each unit. The graphic controller 2216 obtains the image data generated by the CPU 2212 in a frame buffer or the like provided in the RAM 2214 or in itself, and causes the image data to be displayed on the display device 2218.

  The communication interface 2222 communicates with another electronic device via a network. Hard disk drive 2224 stores programs and data used by CPU 2212 in computer 2200. The DVD-ROM drive 2226 reads a program or data from the DVD-ROM 2201 and provides the hard disk drive 2224 with the program or data via the RAM 2214. The IC card drive reads programs and data from the IC card and / or writes programs and data to the IC card.

  The ROM 2230 stores therein a boot program executed by the computer 2200 at the time of activation, and / or a program depending on hardware of the computer 2200. Input / output chip 2240 may also connect various input / output units to input / output controller 2220 via parallel ports, serial ports, keyboard ports, mouse ports, and the like.

  The program is provided by a computer-readable medium such as a DVD-ROM 2201 or an IC card. The program is read from a computer-readable medium, installed in a hard disk drive 2224, a RAM 2214, or a ROM 2230, which is an example of the computer-readable medium, and executed by the CPU 2212. The information processing described in these programs is read by the computer 2200 and provides a link between the programs and the various types of hardware resources described above. An apparatus or method may be configured for implementing manipulation or processing of information in accordance with use of computer 2200.

  For example, when communication is performed between the computer 2200 and an external device, the CPU 2212 executes the communication program loaded in the RAM 2214, and performs communication processing with the communication interface 2222 based on the processing described in the communication program. You may order. The communication interface 2222 reads transmission data stored in a transmission buffer processing area provided in a recording medium such as a RAM 2214, a hard disk drive 2224, a DVD-ROM 2201, or an IC card under the control of the CPU 2212, and reads the read transmission. The data is transmitted to the network, or the received data received from the network is written in a reception buffer processing area provided on a recording medium.

  Further, the CPU 2212 causes the RAM 2214 to read all or a necessary part of a file or database stored in an external recording medium such as a hard disk drive 2224, a DVD-ROM drive 2226 (DVD-ROM 2201), an IC card, and the like. Various types of processing may be performed on the data on RAM 2214. Next, the CPU 2212 writes back the processed data to the external recording medium.

  Various types of information, such as various types of programs, data, tables, and databases, may be stored on the recording medium and subjected to information processing. The CPU 2212 performs various types of operations, information processing, conditional determination, conditional branching, unconditional branching, and information retrieval described in various places in the present disclosure and specified by the instruction sequence of the program, on the data read from the RAM 2214. Various types of processing may be performed, including / replace, and the results are written back to RAM 2214. In addition, the CPU 2212 may search for information in a file, a database, or the like in the recording medium. For example, when a plurality of entries each having the attribute value of the first attribute associated with the attribute value of the second attribute are stored in the recording medium, the CPU 2212 specifies the attribute value of the first attribute. Searching for an entry matching the condition from the plurality of entries, reading the attribute value of the second attribute stored in the entry, and associating the attribute value with the first attribute satisfying a predetermined condition. The attribute value of the obtained second attribute may be obtained.

  The programs or software modules described above may be stored on computer 2200 or on a computer-readable medium near computer 2200. In addition, a recording medium such as a hard disk or a RAM provided in a server system connected to a dedicated communication network or the Internet can be used as a computer-readable medium, thereby providing a program to the computer 2200 via the network. I do.

  As described above, the present invention has been described using the embodiments, but the technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the scope described in the above embodiments. It is apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes or improvements can be made to the above embodiment. It is apparent from the description of the appended claims that embodiments with such changes or improvements can be included in the technical scope of the present invention.

  The order of execution of processes such as operations, procedures, steps, and steps in the apparatuses, systems, programs, and methods shown in the claims, the description, and the drawings is particularly “before” or “before”. It should be noted that the output can be realized in any order as long as the output of the previous process is not used in the subsequent process. Even if the operation flow in the claims, the specification, and the drawings is described using “first”, “next”, or the like for convenience, it means that it is essential to perform the operation in this order. Not something.

2, power generation system, 4 substation, 6 commercial power system, 10 photovoltaic power generation facilities, 12 power conditioner, 14 inverter device, 16 output control unit, 18 transmission Electric wire, 20 wind power generation equipment, 21 wind turbine, 22 wind power control unit, 24 power transmission line, 30 connection point, 32 power meter, 34 power meter, 36 power meter · Transformer, 37 · · · Transformer, 100 · · · power generation control device, 110 · · · control unit, 111 · · · first output upper limit value calculation unit, 112 · · · second output upper limit value calculation unit, 113 · · · total value Calculation unit, 114 comparison unit, 115 increase rate limiting unit, 116 first switching unit, 117 second switching unit, 118 second output upper limit updating unit, 120 power generation monitoring Unit, 130 storage unit, 132 delay characteristic storage unit, 140 delay Characteristic update unit, 142, characteristic correction unit, 144, wind direction anemometer, 2200, computer, 2201, DVD-ROM, 2210, host controller, 2212, CPU, 2214, RAM, 2216, graphic Controller, 2218 display device, 2220 input / output controller, 2222 communication interface, 2224 hard disk drive, 2226 DVD-ROM drive, 2230 ROM, 2240 input / output chip, 2242 ··keyboard

Claims (14)

A power generation control device that controls generated power of a power generation system including a solar power generation facility and a wind power generation facility,
A power generation control device comprising: a control unit that controls power generated by the solar power generation facility based on delay characteristics of the wind power generation facility when controlling power generated by the wind power generation facility. Further comprising a generated power monitoring unit for monitoring the current generated power of the wind power generation equipment,
The control unit controls the generated power of the solar power generation facility based on a difference between a target generated power that is a control target value of the generated power of the wind power generation facility and the current generated power. Power generation control device. The wind power generation equipment further includes a delay characteristic storage unit that stores a delay characteristic,
The power generation control device according to claim 1, wherein the control unit controls the power generated by the solar power generation facility based on the delay characteristics stored in the delay characteristic storage unit. A generated power monitoring unit that monitors current generated power of the wind power generation facility,
4. The power generation control device according to claim 3, further comprising: a delay characteristic updating unit configured to update the delay characteristic based on a change in the current generated power when the generated power of the wind power generation equipment is controlled. 5. The power generation control device according to claim 3, further comprising a characteristic correction unit configured to correct the delay characteristic based on at least one of a wind speed and a wind direction of a place where the wind power generation facility is installed. The wind turbine has a plurality of wind turbines,
The power generation control device according to claim 5, wherein the characteristic correction unit corrects the delay characteristic based on a direction in which the plurality of wind turbines are arranged and the wind direction. The control unit increases the power generated by the photovoltaic power generation facility, and, when decreasing the power generated by the wind power generation facility, at least a part of a period during which the power generated by the photovoltaic power generation facility is increased. The generated power of the photovoltaic power generation facility is controlled such that the rate of increase in the power generated by the photovoltaic power generation facility is equal to or less than the rate of decrease in the generated power of the wind power generation facility. A power generation control device according to the item. The control unit includes a first output upper limit value obtained by adding a first margin to the current power generated by the photovoltaic power plant, and a second output obtained by adding a second margin to the current power generated by the wind power plant. When the sum of the upper limit and the upper limit of the power generation allowance is equal to or greater than the upper limit, the rate of increase in the power generated by the solar power generation facility is equal to or less than the rate of decrease in the power generated by the wind power generation facility. The power generation control device according to claim 7, wherein the power generation control device controls power generated by the solar power generation facility. The control unit, compared with the increase rate of the generated power of the photovoltaic power generation facility when the sum of the first output upper limit and the second output upper limit is smaller than the upper limit of the power generation allowable amount, The sum of the first output upper limit and the second output upper limit is smaller than the upper limit of the power generation allowable amount, so that the rate of increase in the generated power of the photovoltaic power generation facility is reduced. The power generation control device according to claim 8, wherein the power generation control device controls power generated by the solar power generation facility. The control unit is configured to reduce the generated power of the photovoltaic power generation facility, and, when reducing the generated power of the wind power generation facility, to be larger than a difference between a current generated power of the wind power generation facility and a target generated power. The power generation control device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the control target value of the photovoltaic power generation facility is temporarily reduced by the first correction amount. The control unit increases the generated power of the solar power generation facility, and, when increasing the generated power of the wind power generation facility, is smaller than a difference between a current generated power of the wind power generation facility and a target generated power. The power generation control device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the control target value of the photovoltaic power generation facility is temporarily increased by a second correction amount. The control unit includes:
In the case where the power generated by the solar power generation facility is reduced, and the power generated by the wind power generation facility is reduced, the first correction amount is larger than the difference between the current power generated by the wind power generation facility and the target generated power. Temporarily reducing the control target value of the photovoltaic power generation equipment,
Increasing the generated power of the solar power generation equipment, and, when increasing the generated power of the wind power generation equipment, with a second correction amount smaller than the difference between the current generated power and the target generated power of the wind power generation equipment Temporarily increasing the control target value of the solar power generation equipment,
The difference between the current generated power and the target generated power of the wind power generation facility when decreasing each generated power and the first correction amount is the current power generation of the wind power generation facility when increasing each generated power. The power generation control device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the power generation control device is larger than the difference between the power and the target generated power and the second correction amount. A power generation control method for controlling generated power of a power generation system including a solar power generation facility and a wind power generation facility,
A power generation control method for controlling power generated by the solar power generation facility based on delay characteristics of the wind power generation facility when controlling power generated by the wind power generation facility.   A program for causing a computer to execute the power generation control method according to claim 13.

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