JP2020037723A - Electrolysis unit - Google Patents

Electrolysis unit Download PDF

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JP2020037723A
JP2020037723A JP2018165673A JP2018165673A JP2020037723A JP 2020037723 A JP2020037723 A JP 2020037723A JP 2018165673 A JP2018165673 A JP 2018165673A JP 2018165673 A JP2018165673 A JP 2018165673A JP 2020037723 A JP2020037723 A JP 2020037723A
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catalyst
electrode
cathode
anode
electrolysis
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JP7126654B2 (en
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山中　一郎
Ichiro Yamanaka
一郎 山中
貴治 大神田
Takaharu Okanda
貴治 大神田
聡樹 平方
Satoki Hirakata
聡樹 平方
史基 市原
Shiki Ichihara
史基 市原
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Fuji Electric Co Ltd
Tokyo Institute of Technology NUC
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Fuji Electric Co Ltd
Tokyo Institute of Technology NUC
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/36—Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis

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Abstract

To generate a hydrogen peroxide in good condition while improving safety.SOLUTION: An electrolysis unit 1 comprises: an electrochemical element 10 that is configured with a first electrode part 12 and a second electrode part 13 that are made of electrode catalysts, being arranged on both surfaces of a film 11a made of an ion conductive electrolyte; and a DC power supply 20 that applies a DC voltage to both electrodes in a manner that the first electrode part 12 is the anode and the second electrode part 13 is the cathode of the electrochemical element 10. The electrode catalyst comprising the anode (the first electrode part 12) is formed with a catalyst that has an electrolysis activity of water. The electrode catalyst comprising the cathode (the second electrode part 13) is formed with a catalyst that has a two-electron reduction activity of oxygen. The electrochemical element 10 is arranged so that the surface of the anode faces an atmosphere with a higher relative humidity than the surface of the cathode does.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

本発明は、電気分解ユニットに関するものである。   The present invention relates to an electrolysis unit.

従来、過酸化水素を生成する反応装置が特許文献１に提案されている。かかる反応装置は、アノード膜、カソード膜及び電解質膜を一体化させたユニット膜により、反応室をアノード室とカソード室とに区画するように構成されている。アノード室には、アノード膜の一部が気相に露出した状態で水が導入され、カソード室には、カソード膜の一部が気相に露出した状態でイオン交換水が導入されている。   Conventionally, a reactor for producing hydrogen peroxide has been proposed in Patent Document 1. Such a reaction apparatus is configured such that a reaction chamber is divided into an anode chamber and a cathode chamber by a unit membrane in which an anode membrane, a cathode membrane, and an electrolyte membrane are integrated. Water is introduced into the anode chamber with a part of the anode membrane exposed to the gas phase, and ion-exchanged water is introduced into the cathode chamber with a part of the cathode membrane exposed to the gas phase.

そのような反応装置においては、アノード膜及びカソード膜が電子伝導体で外部短絡され、かつアノード室に還元性物質である水素ガスや水素供与体が供給されるとともに、カソード室に酸化性物質である酸素ガスが供給されることにより、アノード膜で下記式（１）の反応が行われ、カソード膜で下記式（２）の反応が行われることで、燃料電池反応を利用して過酸化水素を生成していた。   In such a reactor, the anode film and the cathode film are externally short-circuited by an electron conductor, and hydrogen gas or a hydrogen donor as a reducing substance is supplied to the anode chamber, and an oxidizing substance is supplied to the cathode chamber. When a certain oxygen gas is supplied, the reaction represented by the following formula (1) is performed on the anode film, and the reaction represented by the following formula (2) is performed on the cathode film. Had been generated.

式（１） Ｈ２→２Ｈ＋＋２ｅ−
式（２） Ｏ２＋２Ｈ＋＋２ｅ−→Ｈ２Ｏ２ Equation (1) H 2 → 2H + + 2e -
Formula (2) O 2 + 2H + + 2e − → H 2 O 2

特開２００９−６８０８０号公報JP 2009-68080 A

ところで、上記特許文献１に提案されている反応装置では、過酸化水素の生成源として可燃性である水素ガスや水素供与体を用いるとともに、支燃性である酸素ガスを用いていたので、取扱いに注意を払う必要があった。   By the way, in the reactor proposed in Patent Document 1, flammable hydrogen gas or hydrogen donor is used as a hydrogen peroxide generation source, and flammable oxygen gas is used. We had to pay attention to

本発明は、上記実情に鑑みて、安全性の向上を図りながら、過酸化水素を良好に生成することができる電気分解ユニットを提供することを目的とする。   The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and has as its object to provide an electrolysis unit capable of producing hydrogen peroxide satisfactorily while improving safety.

上記目的を達成するために、本発明に係る電気分解ユニットは、イオン導電性電解質よりなる膜の両面に、電極触媒からなる電極が設けられて構成された電気化学素子と、前記電気化学素子の一方の電極をアノードとし他方の電極をカソードとする態様で、両電極間に直流電圧を印加する直流電源とを備えた電気分解ユニットであって、前記アノードを構成する電極触媒は、水の電気分解活性を示す触媒により形成され、前記カソードを構成する電極触媒は、酸素の２電子還元活性を示す触媒により形成されており、前記電気化学素子は、前記アノードを構成する面が前記カソードを構成する面よりも相対湿度の高い雰囲気を臨むよう配置されたことを特徴とする。   In order to achieve the above object, an electrolysis unit according to the present invention has an electrochemical element configured by providing an electrode made of an electrode catalyst on both surfaces of a membrane made of an ion-conductive electrolyte, An electrolysis unit including a DC power supply for applying a DC voltage between both electrodes in a mode in which one electrode is an anode and the other electrode is a cathode, wherein the electrode catalyst constituting the anode is an electrocatalyst for water. The electrode catalyst, which is formed by a catalyst exhibiting decomposition activity, and constitutes the cathode, is formed by a catalyst exhibiting a two-electron reduction activity of oxygen. In the electrochemical element, the surface constituting the anode constitutes the cathode. It is characterized in that it is arranged so as to face an atmosphere having a relative humidity higher than that of the surface.

また本発明は、上記電気分解ユニットにおいて、前記水の電気分解活性を示す触媒は、白金族系触媒により構成されたことを特徴とする。   Further, the present invention is characterized in that, in the electrolysis unit, the catalyst exhibiting the electrolysis activity of water is constituted by a platinum group catalyst.

また本発明は、上記電気分解ユニットにおいて、前記白金族系触媒は、Ｐｔ、ＩｒＯ２、ＩｒＲｕ、ＰｔＩｒの少なくとも１つであることを特徴とする。 Further, according to the present invention, in the electrolysis unit, the platinum group catalyst is at least one of Pt, IrO 2 , IrRu, and PtIr.

また本発明は、上記電気分解ユニットにおいて、前記酸素の２電子還元活性を示す触媒は、導電性炭素材料及び金属ポルフィリン触媒の少なくとも１つを含有して構成されたことを特徴とする。   Further, according to the present invention, in the electrolysis unit, the catalyst exhibiting the two-electron reduction activity of oxygen includes at least one of a conductive carbon material and a metal porphyrin catalyst.

また本発明は、上記電気分解ユニットにおいて、前記電気化学素子は、前記アノードが設けられた面よりも前記カソードが設けられた面の方が絶対湿度が高いことを特徴とする。   Further, according to the present invention, in the above-mentioned electrolysis unit, the electrochemical element is characterized in that the surface provided with the cathode has a higher absolute humidity than the surface provided with the anode.

本発明によれば、アノードを構成する電極触媒が、水の電気分解活性を示す触媒により形成され、カソードを構成する電極触媒が、酸素の２電子還元活性を示す触媒により形成されており、電気化学素子が、アノードを構成する面がカソードを構成する面よりも相対湿度の高い雰囲気を臨むよう配置されたので、アノードで下記式（３）に示すような水の電気分解が行われるとともに、カソードで下記式（４）に示すような過酸化水素の生成が行われる。これにより、アノードが臨む雰囲気の水と、カソードが臨む雰囲気中の酸素とで、過酸化水素を生成することができる。つまり、従来のように可燃性の水素ガスや支燃性の酸素ガス等を用いることなく、水と空気中の酸素とを用いることができ、安全性の向上を図りながら、過酸化水素を良好に生成することができるという効果を奏する。   According to the present invention, the electrode catalyst constituting the anode is formed by a catalyst exhibiting electrolysis activity of water, and the electrode catalyst constituting the cathode is formed by a catalyst exhibiting a two-electron reduction activity of oxygen. Since the chemical elements are arranged such that the surface constituting the anode faces an atmosphere having a higher relative humidity than the surface constituting the cathode, water is electrolyzed at the anode as shown in the following formula (3), At the cathode, generation of hydrogen peroxide as shown in the following formula (4) is performed. Thereby, hydrogen peroxide can be generated by the water in the atmosphere facing the anode and the oxygen in the atmosphere facing the cathode. In other words, water and oxygen in the air can be used without using flammable hydrogen gas or oxidizing oxygen gas as in the related art, and hydrogen peroxide is reduced while improving safety. This has the effect that it can be generated in

式（３） Ｈ２Ｏ→２Ｈ＋＋２ｅ−＋１／２Ｏ２
式（４） ２Ｈ＋＋Ｏ２＋２ｅ−→Ｈ２Ｏ２ Formula (3) H 2 O → 2H + + 2e − + 1 / 2O 2
Formula (4) 2H + + O 2 + 2e − → H 2 O 2

図１は、本発明の実施の形態である電気分解ユニットの構成を模式的に示す模式図である。FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram schematically showing a configuration of an electrolysis unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.

以下に添付図面を参照して、本発明に係る電気分解ユニットの好適な実施の形態について詳細に説明する。   Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of an electrolysis unit according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

図１は、本発明の実施の形態である電気分解ユニットの構成を模式的に示す模式図である。ここで例示する電気分解ユニット１は、電気化学素子１０を備えている。   FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram schematically showing a configuration of an electrolysis unit according to an embodiment of the present invention. The electrolysis unit 1 exemplified here includes an electrochemical element 10.

電気化学素子１０は、基部１１と、第１電極部１２と、第２電極部１３とを備えて構成されている。基部１１は、例えばフッ素樹脂製電解質膜等のイオン導電性電解質よりなる膜１１ａにより構成された平板状のものであり、水素イオンを通過させる性質を有している。   The electrochemical element 10 includes a base 11, a first electrode 12, and a second electrode 13. The base 11 is a flat plate formed of a membrane 11a made of an ion-conductive electrolyte such as a fluororesin electrolyte membrane, and has a property of passing hydrogen ions.

第１電極部１２は、基部１１の一面、すなわちイオン導電性電解質よりなる膜１１ａの一方の面に形成されている。この第１電極部１２は、水の電気分解活性を示す触媒により形成されている。   The first electrode portion 12 is formed on one surface of the base 11, that is, on one surface of the film 11a made of an ion-conductive electrolyte. The first electrode portion 12 is formed of a catalyst exhibiting electrolysis activity of water.

この水の電気分解活性を示す触媒は、白金族系触媒により構成され、該白金族系触媒として、Ｐｔ、ＩｒＯ２、ＩｒＲｕ、ＰｔＩｒの少なくとも１つであることが好ましい。また第１電極部１２においては、図には明示しないが、外側表面において集電層として金属メッシュが設けられている。 The catalyst exhibiting the electrolysis activity of water is composed of a platinum group catalyst, and the platinum group catalyst is preferably at least one of Pt, IrO 2 , IrRu and PtIr. Although not explicitly shown in the drawing, the first electrode portion 12 is provided with a metal mesh as a current collecting layer on the outer surface.

第２電極部１３は、基部１１の他面、すなわちイオン導電性電解質よりなる膜１１ａの他方の面に形成されている。この第２電極部１３は、酸素の２電子還元活性を示す触媒により形成されている。   The second electrode portion 13 is formed on the other surface of the base 11, that is, on the other surface of the film 11a made of an ion-conductive electrolyte. The second electrode portion 13 is formed of a catalyst exhibiting two-electron reduction activity of oxygen.

この酸素の２電子還元活性を示す触媒は、導電性炭素材料及び金属ポルフィリン触媒の少なくとも１つにより構成されている。   The catalyst exhibiting the two-electron reduction activity of oxygen is composed of at least one of a conductive carbon material and a metalloporphyrin catalyst.

導電性炭素材料としては、電気伝導性を有する種々の炭素材料を用いることができ、活性炭、カーボンブラック、カーボンファイバー等の炭素材料が好ましい。尚、これらの炭素材料は、単独若しくは２種以上の混合物として用いてもよい。金属ポルフィリン触媒としては、例えばコバルトポルフィリン触媒を用いることが好ましい。   As the conductive carbon material, various carbon materials having electric conductivity can be used, and carbon materials such as activated carbon, carbon black, and carbon fiber are preferable. These carbon materials may be used alone or as a mixture of two or more. As the metal porphyrin catalyst, for example, a cobalt porphyrin catalyst is preferably used.

また第２電極部１３においては、図には明示しないが、外側表面において集電層として例えばカーボンペーパー等のカーボン繊維が設けられている。   Although not explicitly shown in the drawing, the second electrode portion 13 is provided with carbon fibers such as carbon paper as a current collecting layer on the outer surface.

そのような電気化学素子１０は、第１電極部１２と第２電極部１３とが、それぞれ導線２１を介して直流電源２０に電気的に接続されて構成されている。すなわち、第１電極部１２が直流電源２０の正極に電気的に接続され、第２電極部１３が直流電源２０の負極に電気的に接続されることで、第１電極部１２がアノード、第２電極部１３がカソードを構成している。つまり、直流電源２０は、電気化学素子１０の第１電極部１２をアノードとし第２電極部１３をカソードとする態様で、両電極間に直流電圧を印加するものである。   Such an electrochemical device 10 is configured such that the first electrode portion 12 and the second electrode portion 13 are electrically connected to the DC power supply 20 via the conductive wires 21, respectively. That is, the first electrode unit 12 is electrically connected to the positive electrode of the DC power supply 20, and the second electrode unit 13 is electrically connected to the negative electrode of the DC power supply 20. The two electrode portions 13 constitute a cathode. That is, the DC power supply 20 applies a DC voltage between the two electrodes in such a manner that the first electrode portion 12 of the electrochemical element 10 is used as an anode and the second electrode portion 13 is used as a cathode.

そして、本実施の形態である電気分解ユニット１において、電気化学素子１０は、アノードを構成する第１電極部１２が臨む第１の雰囲気２が、カソードを構成する第２電極部１３が臨む第２の雰囲気３よりも相対湿度が高くなるよう配置されている。つまり、第１の雰囲気２は、第１電極部１２に対して水分を多く含む加湿空気が供給される環境にあり、第２の雰囲気３は、第２電極部１３に対して上記加湿空気よりも相対湿度が小さい空気が供給される環境にある。   In the electrolysis unit 1 according to the present embodiment, the electrochemical element 10 is configured such that the first atmosphere 2 facing the first electrode portion 12 constituting the anode faces the second atmosphere facing the second electrode portion 13 constituting the cathode. It is arranged so that the relative humidity is higher than that of the atmosphere 3 of the second. That is, the first atmosphere 2 is in an environment in which humidified air containing a large amount of moisture is supplied to the first electrode unit 12, and the second atmosphere 3 is provided to the second electrode unit 13 from the humidified air. Also in an environment where air with a small relative humidity is supplied.

以上のような構成を有する電気分解ユニット１においては、直流電源２０から第１電極部１２と第２電極部１３との間に直流電圧が印加されて電流が供給されると、第１電極部１２では、下記式（５）に示すように、第１の雰囲気２中の水蒸気等の水の電気分解反応が起こる。   In the electrolysis unit 1 having the above-described configuration, when a DC voltage is applied between the first electrode unit 12 and the second electrode unit 13 by the DC power supply 20 to supply a current, the first electrode unit At 12, the electrolysis reaction of water such as water vapor in the first atmosphere 2 occurs as shown in the following equation (5).

式（５） Ｈ２Ｏ→２Ｈ＋＋２ｅ−＋１／２Ｏ２ Formula (5) H 2 O → 2H + + 2e − + 1 / 2O 2

一方、第２電極部１３では、第１電極部１２で生じて基部１１を通過した水素イオンと、第２の雰囲気３である空気中に含まれる酸素分子とで、下記式（６）及び下記式（７）の反応が起こる。   On the other hand, in the second electrode portion 13, the hydrogen ion generated in the first electrode portion 12 and passed through the base portion 11 and the oxygen molecules contained in the air as the second atmosphere 3 form the following formula (6) and The reaction of equation (7) occurs.

式（６） ２Ｈ＋＋２ｅ−＋１／２Ｏ２→Ｈ２Ｏ
式（７） ２Ｈ＋＋Ｏ２＋２ｅ−→Ｈ２Ｏ２ Formula (6) 2H + + 2e − + 1 / 2O 2 → H 2 O
Formula (7) 2H + + O 2 + 2e − → H 2 O 2

つまり、第２電極部１３では、水の生成反応が起こりつつ、酸素の２電子還元反応により、過酸化水素を生成することができる。そのように水の生成反応が起こることにより、電気化学素子１０においては、第１電極部１２（アノード）が設けられた面よりも第２電極部１３（カソード）が設けられた面の方が絶対湿度が高くなる。   That is, in the second electrode portion 13, hydrogen peroxide can be generated by a two-electron reduction reaction of oxygen while a water generation reaction occurs. Due to such a generation reaction of water, in the electrochemical element 10, the surface provided with the second electrode portion 13 (cathode) is more than the surface provided with the first electrode portion 12 (anode). Absolute humidity increases.

以上説明したように、本発明の実施の形態である電気分解ユニット１によれば、アノードを構成する第１電極部１２が、水の電気分解活性を示す触媒により形成され、カソードを構成する第２電極部１３が、酸素の２電子還元活性を示す触媒により形成されており、電気化学素子１０が、第１電極部１２が第２電極部１３よりも相対湿度の高い雰囲気を臨むよう配置されたので、第１電極部１２で水の電気分解が行われるとともに、第２電極部１３で過酸化水素の生成が行われ、これにより、第１の雰囲気２中の水蒸気等の水と、第２の雰囲気３中の酸素とで、過酸化水素を生成することができる。つまり、従来のように可燃性の水素ガスや支燃性の酸素ガス等を用いることなく、水と空気中の酸素とを用いることができ、安全性の向上を図りながら、過酸化水素を良好に生成することができる。   As described above, according to the electrolysis unit 1 of the embodiment of the present invention, the first electrode portion 12 constituting the anode is formed of the catalyst exhibiting the electrolysis activity of water, and the first electrode portion 12 constituting the cathode is formed of the catalyst. The two-electrode unit 13 is formed of a catalyst exhibiting a two-electron reduction activity of oxygen, and the electrochemical element 10 is arranged such that the first electrode unit 12 faces an atmosphere having a higher relative humidity than the second electrode unit 13. Therefore, while electrolysis of water is performed in the first electrode unit 12, hydrogen peroxide is generated in the second electrode unit 13, whereby water such as water vapor in the first atmosphere 2 and Hydrogen peroxide can be generated with oxygen in the atmosphere 3 of the second embodiment. In other words, water and oxygen in the air can be used without using flammable hydrogen gas or oxidizing oxygen gas as in the related art, and hydrogen peroxide is reduced while improving safety. Can be generated.

以下、本発明の実施例について説明する。尚、本発明は、かかる実施例に限定されるものではない。   Hereinafter, examples of the present invention will be described. Note that the present invention is not limited to the embodiment.

［実施例１］
電気化学素子１０として、基部１１を「ナフィオン（登録商標）１１７」（ケマーズ製）により形成し、第１電極部１２をＩｒＯ２触媒により形成し、第２電極部１３を活性炭及びカーボンファイバーの導電性炭素材料と、電解質樹脂とにより形成した。第１電極部１２と第２電極部１３とのそれぞれの大きさが５０ｃｍ２となるようにした。第１電極部１２が臨む第１の雰囲気２は、１Ｌ／ｍｉｎで空気を流通させつつ純水１５０ｍＬを供給した。第２電極部１３が臨む第２の雰囲気３は、０．１Ｌ／ｍｉｎで空気を流通させた。 [Example 1]
As the electrochemical element 10, the base 11 is formed of "Nafion (registered trademark) 117" (manufactured by Chemers), the first electrode 12 is formed of an IrO 2 catalyst, and the second electrode 13 is formed of activated carbon and carbon fiber. It was formed of a conductive carbon material and an electrolyte resin. The size of each of the first electrode unit 12 and the second electrode unit 13 was set to 50 cm 2 . In the first atmosphere 2 facing the first electrode unit 12, 150 mL of pure water was supplied while flowing air at 1 L / min. In the second atmosphere 3 facing the second electrode portion 13, air was circulated at 0.1 L / min.

そのような電気化学素子１０に直流電圧を２Ｖ印加して、２時間通電させることを２回行ったところ、第２電極部１３では、１回目に５質量％の過酸化水素が生成し、２回目に３質量％の過酸化水素が生成した。   When a DC voltage of 2 V was applied to such an electrochemical device 10 and energization was performed for 2 hours twice, 5% by mass of hydrogen peroxide was generated in the second electrode portion 13 for the first time. At the third time, 3% by mass of hydrogen peroxide was produced.

このように電気分解ユニット１においては、水と空気中の酸素とにより、第２電極部１３にて過酸化水素が生成することが明らかとなった。   Thus, in the electrolysis unit 1, it was clarified that hydrogen peroxide was generated at the second electrode portion 13 by water and oxygen in the air.

以上、本発明の好適な実施の形態について説明したが、かかる実施の形態で図示した各構成は概略的なものであり、必ずしも物理的に図示の構成をされていることを要しない。すなわち、各構成要素の分散・統合の形態は図示のものに限られず、その全部又は一部を各種の使用状況等に応じて、任意の単位で機能的又は物理的に分散・統合して構成することができる。   As described above, the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described. However, each configuration illustrated in such an embodiment is a schematic configuration and does not necessarily need to be physically configured as illustrated. In other words, the form of dispersion / integration of each component is not limited to the one shown in the figure, and all or a part thereof is functionally or physically dispersed / integrated in an arbitrary unit according to various usage conditions and the like. can do.

１ 電気分解ユニット
２ 第１の雰囲気
３ 第２の雰囲気
１０ 電気化学素子
１１ 基部
１１ａ 膜
１２ 第１電極部
１３ 第２電極部
２０ 直流電源
２１ 導線 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Electrolysis unit 2 1st atmosphere 3 2nd atmosphere 10 Electrochemical element 11 Base 11a film 12 1st electrode part 13 2nd electrode part 20 DC power supply 21 Lead wire

Claims (5)

イオン導電性電解質よりなる膜の両面に、電極触媒からなる電極が設けられて構成された電気化学素子と、
前記電気化学素子の一方の電極をアノードとし他方の電極をカソードとする態様で、両電極間に直流電圧を印加する直流電源と
を備えた電気分解ユニットであって、
前記アノードを構成する電極触媒は、水の電気分解活性を示す触媒により形成され、前記カソードを構成する電極触媒は、酸素の２電子還元活性を示す触媒により形成されており、
前記電気化学素子は、前記アノードを構成する面が前記カソードを構成する面よりも相対湿度の高い雰囲気を臨むよう配置されたことを特徴とする電気分解ユニット。 An electrochemical element configured by providing electrodes made of an electrode catalyst on both surfaces of a membrane made of an ion-conductive electrolyte,
A DC power supply for applying a DC voltage between the two electrodes, wherein one electrode of the electrochemical element is an anode and the other electrode is a cathode,
The electrode catalyst constituting the anode is formed of a catalyst exhibiting electrolysis activity of water, and the electrode catalyst constituting the cathode is formed of a catalyst exhibiting a two-electron reduction activity of oxygen,
An electrolysis unit, wherein the electrochemical element is arranged such that a surface forming the anode faces an atmosphere having a higher relative humidity than a surface forming the cathode. 前記水の電気分解活性を示す触媒は、白金族系触媒により構成されたことを特徴とする請求項１に記載の電気分解ユニット。   2. The electrolysis unit according to claim 1, wherein the catalyst exhibiting the electrolysis activity of water is formed of a platinum group catalyst. 前記白金族系触媒は、Ｐｔ、ＩｒＯ２、ＩｒＲｕ、ＰｔＩｒの少なくとも１つであることを特徴とする請求項２に記載の電気分解ユニット。 The platinum group catalyst, Pt, IrO 2, IrRu, electrolysis unit of claim 2, wherein at least is one of PtIr. 前記酸素の２電子還元活性を示す触媒は、導電性炭素材料及び金属ポルフィリン触媒の少なくとも１つを含有して構成されたことを特徴とする請求項１〜３のいずれか１つに記載の電気分解ユニット。   The catalyst according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the catalyst exhibiting the two-electron reduction activity of oxygen contains at least one of a conductive carbon material and a metalloporphyrin catalyst. Disassembly unit. 前記電気化学素子は、前記アノードが設けられた面よりも前記カソードが設けられた面の方が絶対湿度が高いことを特徴とする請求項１〜４のいずれか１つに記載の電気分解ユニット。   The electrolysis unit according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the electrochemical element has a higher absolute humidity on a surface on which the cathode is provided than on a surface on which the anode is provided. .
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