JP2020020209A - Sea bottom installation-type foundation structure - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a foundation structure of an offshore wind power generation facility capable of generating power at high efficiency by fixing an installation posture of an offshore wind power generation facility and capable of being constructed without large scale facility, time and cost.SOLUTION: A sea bottom installation-type foundation structure 100 of an offshore wind power generation facility 200 comprises: a cylindrical main body 10; and a tower connecting portion 20 provided at an upper end of the cylindrical main body 10 (a cylindrical main body upper end 11) side. The upper end of the cylindrical main body 10 (the cylindrical main body upper end 11) is positioned at a sea level 310 or in the vicinity thereof, and a lower end of the cylindrical main body 10 (a cylindrical main body lower end 12) is positioned at a sea bottom 320 or in the vicinity thereof.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a foundation structure of a wind power generator, and more particularly to a foundation structure of a type installed on the sea floor.

  In recent years, interest in global environmental issues such as global warming has increased. On the other hand, since wind power generation does not emit environmental pollutants such as carbon dioxide and can produce inexhaustible natural energy, expectations for development and implementation are increasing.

BACKGROUND ART Conventionally, offshore wind turbines are mainly of a floating type that floats on the sea and moored with anchors, and a pile foundation type that is fixed to the sea floor using a pile foundation.
As an example of the floating type, there is known a type in which a tower of a wind power generator is supported above a floating object, and the floating object is moored to a predetermined area by an anchor as shown in Patent Document 1, for example.
Further, as an example of the pile foundation type, there is known a type in which an upper end of a pile installed on the sea floor and a lower end of a tower of a wind power generator are connected and supported as shown in Patent Document 2, for example. As another example of the pile foundation type, there is also a type in which a tower is connected to a base installed on the seabed and indicated by a plurality of piles and indicated.

  As can be understood from the above-described example, the offshore wind turbine is different from the onshore wind turbine in such a manner that the offshore wind turbine is prevented from being swept, overturned, or raised on the sea where there is movement due to waves or ocean currents. The basic structure plays an important role because it needs to be installed.

JP 2010-216273 A JP 2017-115373 A

The above-described conventional offshore wind turbine has the following problems.
That is, although the floating offshore wind turbine can moor the offshore wind turbine in a predetermined area with the anchor, the installation posture is not completely fixed. Therefore, when the offshore wind turbine is hit by strong winds or waves, the floating body shakes and the installation posture of the power plant itself changes, and the blades provided on the offshore wind turbine completely block the wind. Is not accepted. As a result, the floating offshore wind turbine has a problem in that the amount of power generation with respect to the airflow decreases and the power generation efficiency deteriorates. In addition, since floating offshore wind turbines are supported in an unstable environment offshore, it is necessary to construct a floating foundation structure with a large-scale structure, and to prevent the structure from being washed away. They need to be moored firmly on the sea floor. However, in the current technology, the anchor is not sufficiently fixed to the seabed, so that a number of piles for mooring purposes are provided. Therefore, there is a problem that considerable cost is required to construct a floating foundation structure.

On the other hand, in the case of the pile foundation type, since the installation posture of the offshore wind turbine is fixed, the above-described problem that the installation posture is not stable does not occur. However, constructing a pile foundation on the sea floor has a problem that it requires a large amount of equipment, time and cost. In addition, when excavating the seabed to bury a pile, a large amount of earth and sand is scattered in the sea, which causes a problem of causing marine pollution and destruction of fishing grounds.
Furthermore, in the sea area with a certain depth or more, there are many areas where the thickness of the sedimentary layer is small and the distance from the seabed to the bedrock is short. In such a region, it is very difficult to drive the pile into the bedrock layer.On the other hand, if the pile is supported only by a thin layer, the resistance to the moment will be small, and sufficient bearing capacity will be obtained. There was no problem.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above problems. That is, the present invention fixes the installation position of the offshore wind power generation device, enables high-efficiency power generation, and enables offshore wind power generation that can be constructed without using large-scale facilities, time, and costs and does not cause fishing ground destruction. The present invention provides a basic structure of a power generation device. Further, the present invention can be implemented regardless of the stratum, for example, can be implemented even in a sea area having a small-thickness sedimentary layer and a bedrock layer formed below the sedimentary layer. Can be supported.

  The submarine-installed substructure of the present invention is a substructure of an offshore wind turbine, and includes a cylindrical main body, and a tower joint provided on an upper end side of the cylindrical main body. The upper end of the main body is located at or near the sea surface, and the lower end of the tubular main body is located at or near the sea floor.

In the submarine-installed substructure according to the present invention, since the tubular main body is installed on the submarine, the installation posture of the substructure is fixed. Therefore, the installation posture of the wind power generation device including the tower coupled to the tower coupling portion provided on the upper end side of the cylindrical main body can be fixed. As a result, the wind power generator can convert the wind power into electric power with high efficiency without changing the installation posture and receiving the wind even when receiving the wind.
Further, the submarine-installed foundation structure of the present invention has a cylindrical main body and can be stably installed on the ocean floor. Therefore, unlike the conventional method, a pile foundation is not required, and it can be constructed in a short time with simple equipment, and the cost can be suppressed more easily than the construction of the conventional offshore wind turbine generator. Further, since the present invention does not require a pile, the present invention does not have a problem of fishing ground destruction caused by earth and sand generated by excavating the seabed to bury the pile.

It is a side view of the seabed installation type foundation structure concerning a first embodiment of the present invention. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the submarine installation type | formula foundation structure of 1st embodiment shown in FIG. It is an explanatory view showing an example of a conveyance method of a cylindrical main part in a first embodiment. It is a fragmentary sectional view showing the modification of the seabed installation type foundation structure concerning a first embodiment. It is a longitudinal section of the seabed installation type foundation structure concerning a second embodiment of the present invention. 6 (a) to 6 (c) are top views showing modified examples of the fixing means according to the second embodiment of the present invention. It is a side view of the submarine installation type foundation structure concerning a third embodiment of the present invention. It is a longitudinal section of the seabed installation type foundation structure concerning a 4th embodiment of the present invention. It is a side view of the undersea installation type foundation structure concerning a 5th embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described.
Various components of the present invention need not be individually independent, that a plurality of components are formed as one member, one component is formed of a plurality of members, It is permitted that a certain component is a part of another component, that a part of a certain component overlaps a part of another component, and the like.
In the present invention or the specification of the present application, the vertical direction means the upper and lower sides when the sea surface side is the upward direction with respect to the sea floor, and in the structure of the present invention, the upper end means a predetermined region including the upper end, and the lower end The part means a predetermined area including the lower end. Further, in the present invention, the seabed-installed foundation structure means a foundation structure in which a tubular main body is installed on or near the seabed, and is distinguished from a foundation structure using a conventional pile support technique. In the following description, the offshore wind power generator may be simply referred to as a wind power generator, and the submarine-installed basic structure may be simply referred to as a basic structure.

The submarine-installed foundation structure of the present invention is a foundation structure of an offshore wind turbine. The basic structure of the present invention includes a cylindrical main body, and a tower joint provided on an upper end side of the cylindrical main body. In the basic structure of the present invention, the cylindrical body has an upper end located at or near the sea surface and a lower end located at or near the sea floor.
The foundation structure of the present invention having such a configuration can be easily installed in a predetermined sea area where the installation of the wind power generation device is planned as compared with the conventional foundation structure, and can reduce the cost for construction. it can.

  The submarine-installed substructure according to the present invention is applicable to a large-scale offshore wind power generator to a medium-sized offshore wind power generator. According to the present invention, the scale of the tubular main body can be adjusted according to the scale of the offshore wind turbine generator, and a fixing means described later can be provided as appropriate. Also, the scale of the fixing means can be appropriately designed according to the scale of the offshore wind turbine. In addition, the submarine-installed substructure of the present invention can adjust the scale according to the depth of the seabed in the sea area where the submarine is to be installed. For example, the present invention can sufficiently cope with a case where the depth of the seabed is 30 m or more and 100 m or less.

The basic structure of the present invention includes both a mode in which the inside of the tubular body is hollow and a mode in which the inside is solid. The cylindrical body may have a circular, elliptical, square, or any other fixed or irregular cross-section, or any combination thereof. The cross section of the tubular main body is preferably circular from the viewpoint that it is difficult to receive the resistance of seawater.
Further, the cylindrical main body in the present invention has a structure of a long axis in the vertical direction, for example, the cross section may have substantially the same diameter in the vertical direction, or a conical shape in which the cross section increases in diameter from above to below. It may be. The member constituting the tubular main body in the present invention is not particularly limited, but a member having an appropriate weight and having no trouble even if it is installed in the sea for a long period of time is preferable. For example, iron is suitable.

The submarine-installed foundation structure of the present invention has a relatively shallow depth of the sea area, or when the supporting wind power generator is a medium-sized one, arranges the tubular main body on the seabed and stably operates only by the weight of the tubular main body. It is possible to maintain an upright state.
A preferred embodiment of the submarine-installed substructure according to the present invention includes fixing means for installing and fixing the tubular main body to or near the seabed. The submarine-installed substructure according to the present invention including the fixing means can sufficiently support the wind power generator even in a relatively deep sea area or when the wind power generator to be supported is large. In the following, the invention will be described mainly using embodiments comprising fixing means.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In all the drawings, the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals, and duplicate description will be appropriately omitted. In the illustrated embodiment of the present invention, for the sake of easy understanding, a specific member may be illustrated as being relatively large as a whole or may be illustrated as a small member. It is not limited.

<First embodiment>
Hereinafter, a submarine-installed substructure 100 (hereinafter, simply referred to as a substructure 100) according to a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
FIG. 1 is a side view of a submarine-installed substructure 100 (hereinafter, also simply referred to as a substructure 100) according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of the basic structure 100. In the present specification, a vertical cross-sectional view means a vertical cross-sectional view cut at the center of the axis of the cylindrical main body unless otherwise specified. FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an example of a method of transporting the cylindrical main body 10. FIG. 4 is a partial cross-sectional view illustrating a modification of the basic structure 100 according to the first embodiment, and specifically illustrates a modification of the container 30.
FIG. 2 illustrates only the tower 210 with respect to the offshore wind turbine 200, and omits other parts. Similarly, in FIGS. 5 to 8 to be described later, only the tower 210 of the offshore wind turbine 200 is illustrated, and other parts are not illustrated.

  The basic structure 100 shown in FIG. 1 includes a cylindrical main body 10 and a tower connecting portion 20 provided on the upper end 11 side of the cylindrical main body 10. In the tubular main body 10, the tubular main body upper end 11 is located at or near the sea surface 310, and the tubular main body lower end 12 (see FIG. 2) is located at or near the sea floor 320. The substructure 100 supports an offshore wind turbine 200. The offshore wind turbine 200 includes a blade 220 and a tower 210. The lower end portion of the tower 210 and the tower connecting portion 20 are connected to each other, whereby the offshore wind turbine 200 is supported by the tubular main body 10 located below the tower connecting portion 20.

  The tubular main body 10 in the present embodiment is installed on a mound 14 for securing horizontality on the sea floor 320. That is, the tubular main body 10 in the present embodiment is disposed near the sea floor 320. The mound 14 in the present embodiment has a donut shape on which the cylindrical main body lower end 12 can be placed when viewed from above. The mound 14 is a structure having at least an upper surface formed substantially horizontally. However, the cylindrical main body 10 may be installed directly on the seabed 320 without using the mound 14, or the horizontality of the installation surface of the cylindrical body 10 may be secured by other means.

  The tubular main body 10 in the present embodiment is configured to be hollow, and a hole 68 that communicates with the inside and outside of the cylindrical main body 10 below the sea surface 310 is provided on a side surface of the cylindrical main body 10. FIG. 1 shows a mode in which a plurality of holes 68 having the same diameter are provided, but a plurality of holes 68 having different diameters or different shapes may be provided. By providing the hole 68, the inside of the hollow cylindrical main body 10 is filled with seawater and marine organisms such as fish and shellfish can enter. Thereby, the tubular main body 10 itself can be a fishing reef. That is, by installing the offshore wind turbine 200 using the basic structure 100 of the present invention, not only efficient power generation can be performed, but also new fishing reefs and fishing grounds can be provided.

  Above the sea surface 310 of the tubular main body 10, a deaeration window 69 may be provided. This is because when the hollow cylindrical main body 10 is submerged in the sea, air is exhausted to the outside from the deaeration window 69 to allow seawater to smoothly enter the inside. After the installation of the tubular main body 10, the water level inside the tubular main body 10 also fluctuates due to the fluctuation of the water level on the sea surface. On the other hand, the air inside the cylindrical main body 10 can be discharged through the degassing window 69 and can flow in with the fluctuation of the water level.

The basic structure 100 of the present embodiment includes a container 30 in which a heavy object 34 is stored as a fixing unit.
That is, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the basic structure 100 includes the container 30 which is arranged in the outer peripheral direction at the lower end of the tubular main body 10 and whose upper end 32 is open. The container 30 in the present embodiment is continuous at the lower end of the cylindrical main body 10 over the entire circumference in the outer circumferential direction. The bottom surface of the container 30 is in contact with the upper surface of the mound 14 and has good stability.

The container 30 is joined to the cylindrical main body 10 and contains a plurality of heavy objects 34 in the container 10. Therefore, the container 30 serves as a weight of the tubular main body 10, and contributes to stably fixing the tubular main body 10 to the seabed 320.
In addition, by providing the container 30 containing the heavy object 34 at the lower end of the tubular main body 10, it is possible to resist the moment applied to the lower end, and to stably maintain the installation posture of the basic structure 100. Can be.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the container 30 according to the present embodiment is provided by joining a container 30 manufactured separately from the tubular main body 10 to the tubular main body 10 by any joining means such as welding. Have been. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, as shown in FIG. The container 30 may be configured. That is, the container 30 may be formed integrally with the tubular main body 10.

  Further, the container 30 in which the plurality of heavy objects 34 are housed has a large number of gaps formed between the heavy objects 34 and the heavy objects 34 and between the container 30 and the heavy objects 34, and becomes a good fishing reef. That is, the base structure 100 including the container 30 can not only support the offshore wind power generation device 200 but also provide a new fishing reef.

The container 30 has a shape of an upper end opening having a lateral side surface and a bottom surface. The heavy object 34 is easily accommodated from the upper end opening. The timing at which the heavy objects 34 are accommodated in the container 30 is not particularly limited. For example, first, the cylindrical main body 10 including the container 30 is transported to a predetermined sea area where the offshore wind turbine 200 is to be installed. The heavy object 34 can be stored in the container 30 in a predetermined sea area. Here, when the bottom surface and the side surface of the container 30 are substantially impervious, the empty container 30 can give buoyancy to the cylindrical main body 10 transported on the sea. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 3, the empty container 30 is placed on the sea surface 310, the tubular body 10 is floated on the sea, and the tubular body 10 in that state is hung with a rope 332 and towed by the tugboat 330. be able to. Thereby, the cylindrical main body 10 is easily transported to a predetermined sea area. That is, the container 30 can be used as a float replacement when the tubular main body 10 is transported on the sea. Although not shown, when transporting the tubular body 10 floating on the sea surface, in addition to the tugboat 330, a push boat (a pusher boat) capable of pushing the tubular body 10 from the side or rear side is used. You can also.
In order to smoothly sink the cylindrical body 10 into the sea, a water injection valve (not shown) may be provided on the bottom surface of the container 30. By opening the water injection valve, seawater can be made to enter the interior of the container 30, and the tubular main body 10 can be submerged by the weight of the seawater.

  The heavy object 34 may be any object that has an appropriate weight and can be a weight, for example, natural stones, artificial materials such as concrete, metals such as iron, or gravel. The weight 34 may be one type, or a plurality of materials may be mixed.

  The tubular main body 10 in the present embodiment is provided with the upper / lower separation part 66 at the upper end portion and below the sea surface 310 at low tide. The upper / lower separation part 66 is a part that allows the upper structure and the lower part of the basic structure 100 to be easily separated via the upper / lower separation part 66. The upper part of the basic structure 100 including the upper and lower separation parts 66 can be removed from the upper and lower separation parts 66 and the lower part than the upper and lower separation parts 66 can be left in the sea. For this reason, when the offshore wind turbine 200 becomes used or the like, the base structure 100 is separated by the upper / lower separation part 66 so that a part of the foundation structure 100 is left in the sea, and the offshore wind turbine 200 and the foundation are separated. The top of the structure 100 can be easily removed.

  Although the specific configuration of the upper and lower separating portions 66 is not particularly limited, for example, flanges are provided at the upper lower end and the lower upper end of the base structure 100, and these are brought into contact with each other and fixed with fixing tools such as screws or bolts and nuts. Thus, the upper and lower separation unit 66 can be configured. In order to separate the upper and lower separating portions 66 having such a configuration, a simple operation such as cutting a screw or loosening a nut to detach a bolt may be performed. The lower part of the base structure 100 left on the seabed can be used as a fishing reef thereafter.

The lower part of the substructure 100 left under the sea has a possibility of further utilization other than fishing reefs. Specifically, based on the lower part of the remaining basic structure 100, it is possible to install a culture management facility, a reef maintenance management facility, a fishing ground management facility, and the like above the lower part.
Further, after the offshore wind turbine 200 is removed, the remaining substructure 100 can be reused as a substructure of a different offshore wind turbine. Therefore, it is preferable that the thickness of a member such as iron constituting the cylindrical main body 10 is sufficiently increased, and the basic structure 100 has durability of about 50 to 100 years. For example, if the development of a wind power generation device provides a next-generation device having excellent performance or power generation efficiency, the old wind power generation device (offshore wind power generation device 200) is removed from the substructure 100, and the new wind power generation device is removed. The power generator can be supported by the substructure 100.

  Next, the tower coupling section 20 will be described. The tower coupling section 20 is provided on the upper end 32 side of the tubular main body 10 and couples with the tower 210 of the offshore wind turbine 200. Although the joining method is not particularly limited, as shown in FIG. 2, in the present embodiment, the lower end of the tower 210 is inserted into the inside of the tower joining portion 20 and the periphery thereof is solidified with a solidifying material such as concrete, so that the tower joining is performed. The lower end of the tower 210 is connected to the section 20. In addition, the bracket can be used as a support for supporting the tower 210 on the tower joint 20 and the bracket can be welded to the tower joint to reinforce the joint.

  In the present embodiment, the tower coupling unit 20 is provided at or near the sea surface 310, and is configured such that the lower end of the tower 210 to be coupled is located above the sea surface 310 at high tide.

  In the present embodiment, a horizontal adjustment unit 22 is provided between the tubular main body 10 and the tower coupling unit 20. In the horizontal adjustment unit 22, at least the upper surface of the horizontal adjustment unit 22 is adjusted horizontally so as to achieve the horizontality of the installation surface of the tower coupling unit 20, and the inclination of the installation posture of the offshore wind turbine 200 supported by the foundation structure 100 Is adjustable.

  The configuration of the horizontal adjustment unit 22 is not particularly limited as long as the horizontality can be adjusted for the above purpose. For example, the horizontal adjustment unit 22 may include a jack for horizontal adjustment, and the horizontality may be adjusted by the jack. Further, as an example of a different horizontal adjustment unit 22, the horizontal adjustment unit 22 may function as an adjustment unit that sandwiches a level adjustment liner plate for adjusting the upper surface of the horizontal adjustment unit 22 horizontally.

By the way, in general, a wind power generator generates vibrations due to the rotational vibration of the blades and the swaying of the tower, and the vibrations are propagated to the foundation structure, causing a load on the foundation structure, causing a failure and shortening the service life. Problem.
On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 2, it is preferable to provide the vibration absorbing portion 24 inside the cylindrical main body 10. Thereby, a part of the vibration propagating from the tower 210 is absorbed by the vibration absorbing section 24, so that the amount of vibration propagating to the tubular main body 10 can be reduced.
The vibration absorbing unit 24 is a long metal member directly or indirectly attached to the bottom surface of the tower connecting unit 20. In the present embodiment, a vibration absorbing section 24 extending downward from the bottom surface of the horizontal adjustment section 22 is provided. That is, in the present embodiment, the vibration absorbing section 24 is indirectly attached to the bottom surface of the tower connecting section 20. The metal long member is, for example, a rod or a tube made of metal such as iron, and preferably has a rust-proofing treatment on its surface.

<Second embodiment>
Next, a submarine-installed base structure 120 (hereinafter, also simply referred to as a base structure 120) according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view of the basic structure 120 according to the second embodiment. FIGS. 6A to 6C are top views showing modified examples of the fixing means (metal member 40) in the second embodiment of the present invention. 6 (a) to 6 (c), the offshore airflow power generation device 200 and the heavy objects 34 accommodated in the container 30 are not shown.

  The basic structure 120 according to the second embodiment has the same configuration as the basic structure 100 according to the first embodiment except that a metal member 40 is provided in addition to the container 30 as fixing means. Therefore, hereinafter, the configuration specific to the basic structure 120 will be mainly described, and the detailed description of the configuration common to the basic structure 100 will be omitted as appropriate.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the basic structure 120 includes a plurality of metal members 40 that are long in the axial direction and are directly or indirectly joined to the outer surface of the lower end portion of the tubular main body 10. As shown in FIG. 6, the plurality of metal members 40 extend radially around the cylindrical main body 10. By providing such a metal member 40, the foundation structure 120 is excellent in installation stability and is fixed to the seabed 320 satisfactorily. In particular, when the offshore wind turbine 200 (not shown) supported by the foundation structure 120 is exposed to strong wind, a strong moment is applied to the lower end of the tubular main body 10. On the other hand, by providing the metal member 40 at the lower end, resistance to a moment can be provided, and the overturn or movement of the base structure 120 can be prevented well.

  In the present embodiment, the metal member 40 is joined to the side surface of the container 30. That is, in the present embodiment, the metal member 40 is indirectly joined to the tubular main body 10. As a modification of such an embodiment, the metal member 40 may be directly joined to the tubular main body.

  The metal member 40 is a long member made of metal. Examples of the metal include steel and iron. As an example of the metal member 40, a rod-shaped body having a predetermined shape such as a square, a circle, an H-shape, an L-shape, or a U-shape can be given. For example, H steel having an H-shaped cross section and made of steel is preferable as the metal member 40 from the viewpoints of strength, grounding stability with respect to the sea floor 320, and the like.

  The length of the metal member 40 is not particularly limited, and the depth of the sea area where the basic structure 120 is constructed, the size of the cylindrical body 10, or the size of the offshore wind turbine generator 100 to be supported or the offshore wind turbine generator 100 is installed. It can be determined as appropriate from the moment assumed from the ocean current and the wave motion in the area.

The metal member 40 shown in FIG. 5 is formed of one long member. However, the metal member 40 is not limited to this. As shown in FIG. 6A, the metal member 40 may include a first metal member 42 and a second metal member 44 longer than the first metal member 42. In the metal member 40, one end of the first metal member 42 is directly or indirectly joined to the outer surface of the lower end of the tubular main body 10. In the present embodiment, one end of the first metal member 42 is joined to the container 30. The other end of the first metal member 42 is connected to one end of the second metal member 44, thereby forming the metal member 40.
Here, the term “joining” means a state in which the members are fixed to each other and are not easily separated from each other. Means for realizing the joining are not particularly limited, and may be, for example, welding or fixed with a fastener such as a bolt. Is also good. The first metal member 42 and the second metal member 44 can be connected using a joint member such as a steel joint, for example.

Since it is not easy to perform welding work on the tubular main body 10 and the metal member 40 at sea, the metal member 40 is welded directly or indirectly to the tubular main body 10 on land beforehand and joined to a predetermined position. It is practical to transport to the sea area. However, it is difficult to transport the cylindrical main body 10 in a state where the plurality of relatively long metal members 40 radially extend from the side surface from the land to a predetermined sea area.
On the other hand, when the metal member 40 includes the first metal member 42 and the second metal member 44, the relatively short first metal member 42 is welded to the tubular main body 10 in advance, and in this state, And the first metal member 42 and the second metal member 44 are connected to each other in the sea area to complete the metal member 40. Thus, the basic structure 120 including the metal member 40 can be easily provided.

  The plurality of metal members 40 provided on the basic structure 120 may be independent of each other as shown in FIG. 6A, but as shown in FIG. The end 48 located on the side opposite to the main body 10 and the end 48 located on the side opposite to the cylindrical main body 10 of another adjacent metal member 40 may be connected by the connecting metal member 50. As described above, in the aspect in which the plurality of metal members 40 are integrally connected by the connection metal member 50, the installation stability of the base structure 120 is further improved, and the base structure 120 is more appropriately fixed to the seabed 320. . The connecting metal member 50 is not limited to the end portion 48, and may connect an intermediate portion of another adjacent metal member 40.

  In another embodiment, the metal member 40 may be fixed to the seabed 320 with an arbitrary fixing member 52. More specifically, for example, as shown in FIG. 6C, the end portion 48 of the metal member 40 located on the opposite side to the cylindrical main body 10 or the vicinity thereof is fixed to the seabed 320 by an arbitrary fixing member 52. Is also good. According to such an embodiment, the installation stability of the foundation structure 120 is also improved, and the foundation structure 120 is more favorably fixed to the seabed 320.

  As the fixing member 52 for fixing the metal member 40 to the sea floor 320, for example, a metal chain can be used. Specifically, it is possible to fix the metal member 40 by arranging the metal chain from above the metal member 40 in a direction crossing the extending direction of the metal member 40 and fixing both ends of the metal chain to the seabed 320. it can. The means for fixing the metal chain to the seabed 320 is not particularly limited. For example, anchors (not shown) are provided at both ends of the metal chain, and the metal chain can be fixed to the seabed 320.

  In the present embodiment, the plurality of metal members 40 have the same length, but metal members 40 having different lengths may be provided.

<Third embodiment>
Next, a submarine-installed substructure 140 (hereinafter, simply referred to as a substructure 140) according to a third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 7 is a side view of the basic structure 140 according to the third embodiment of the present invention.

  The basic structure 140 according to the third embodiment is provided with an anchor chain 60 in addition to the container 30 as fixing means, and that the container 30 is provided intermittently in the lower end portion of the tubular main body 10 in the circumferential direction. Has the same configuration as the basic structure 100 according to the first embodiment. Therefore, in the following, a configuration specific to the basic structure 140 will be mainly described, and a detailed description of a configuration common to the basic structure 100 will be omitted as appropriate.

  As shown in FIG. 7, the base structure 140 includes an anchor chain 60 that is continuous from the outer surface of the tubular main body 10 to the seabed 320. Thereby, the basic structure 140 of the tubular main body 10 is excellent in installation stability and is fixed to the seabed 320 satisfactorily.

  FIG. 7 shows a mode in which the anchor chains 60 are provided one by one at positions opposed to each other by 180 degrees, but the number of the anchor chains 60 is not limited to this. From the viewpoint of improving the installation posture of the tubular main body 10 in a well-balanced manner, a plurality of anchor chains 60 may be provided on the outer surface of the tubular main body 10 at equal intervals in the circumferential direction.

  In this embodiment, one end of the anchor chain 60 is connected to an O-shaped connecting tool 64 provided on the outer surface of the tubular main body 10. An anchor 62 is provided at the other end of the anchor chain 60, and the anchor 62 is installed on the sea floor 320 to serve as a weight. Although the anchor 62 alone has an effect as a weight, in order to prevent the operation of the anchor 62, the anchor 62 may be covered with a plurality of heavy objects 34 and fixed as shown in FIG.

  The container 30 in the present embodiment is provided intermittently in the outer circumferential direction at the lower end of the tubular main body 10. In such an embodiment, a space is created between adjacent containers 30. The space allows a work boat (for example, a Self Elevation Platform ship; SEP ship) to approach the base structure 140 when the offshore wind turbine 200 is installed after the construction of the base structure 140. Specifically, for example, regarding a work boat (not shown) having a platform for performing crane work and the like and a leg fixed to the seabed, the work boat and the foundation structure are arranged by disposing the flat form or the leg in the space. 140 can be brought closer. Thereby, the installation work of the offshore wind power generation device 200 becomes easy. Further, after the installation of the offshore wind turbine 200, the space can be a good fishing reef.

<Fourth embodiment>
Next, a submarine-installed substructure 160 (hereinafter, simply referred to as a substructure 160) according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 8 is a longitudinal sectional view of the basic structure 160 according to the fourth embodiment.

  The basic structure 160 is a basic structure of the offshore wind turbine 200 and includes the tubular main body 10. On the upper end side (upper end 11 of the tubular main body) of the tubular main body 10, a tower connecting portion 20 is provided, and a tower 210 is connected, and a wind power generator 200 (not shown) is supported. In the basic structure 160, the upper end 11 of the tubular main body is located at or near the sea surface, and the lower end 12 of the tubular main body is located at or near the sea floor 320.

  The cylindrical main body 10 in the present embodiment is cylindrical, and has substantially the same diameter in the cross section from the upper end 11 of the cylindrical main body to the upper end 12 of the cylindrical main body. The lower end of the tubular body 10 may be embedded in the seabed 320 from the viewpoint of increasing the installation stability of the tubular body 10 and resisting the moment applied to the lower end of the tubular body 10.

The basic structure 160 according to the present embodiment is solid. More specifically, an aggregate 70 extending vertically and a filling member 74 filled around the aggregate 70 are provided inside the tubular main body 10.
In the present embodiment, the aggregate 70 is on an extension of the tower 210 in the longitudinal direction. Therefore, the center of gravity of the offshore wind turbine 200 can be substantially lowered to below the aggregate 70, and the offshore wind turbine 200 can be stably supported.

  The bottom surface 16 of the solid cylindrical main body 10 in the present embodiment is provided above the lower end 12 of the cylindrical main body, and the lower end of the cylindrical main body 10 located below the bottom surface 16 is embedded in the seabed 320. It is configured to be easy.

  The aggregate 70 is a bar that is long in the vertical direction, and is made of, for example, concrete. In order to increase the strength of the cylindrical main body 10, it is preferable that a reinforcing bar or the like is disposed inside as a core material of the rod-shaped body. The aggregate 70 in this embodiment is provided with an enlarged diameter portion 72 at the lower end. The enlarged diameter portion 72 is larger than the cross-sectional diameter of the aggregate 70 and has a diameter equal to or smaller than the inner diameter of the tubular main body 10. The aggregate 70 rises from substantially the center of the upper surface of the enlarged diameter portion 72 and extends upward. With this structure, when the aggregate 70 is installed inside the tubular main body 10, the positioning of the aggregate 70 is easy.

  The aggregate 70 in the present embodiment extends to the tower joint 20, and the upper end of the aggregate 70 ends at an intermediate portion of the tower joint 20. The tower 210 is arranged above the aggregate 70, and the weight of the offshore wind turbine 200 not shown is directly supported by the aggregate 70. The weight applied to the aggregate 70 is diffused in the plane direction at the enlarged diameter portion 72 and propagated to the bottom surface 16 of the tubular main body 10. By providing the enlarged diameter portion 72, it is possible to prevent the weight applied to the aggregate 70 from being concentrated locally on the bottom surface 16.

  On the outer surface of the aggregate 70, a vibration absorbing layer 78 is provided. The vibration absorbing layer 78 is a layer that absorbs the vibration transmitted from the tower 210. As a member constituting the vibration absorbing layer 78, a vibration absorbing member is preferable, and examples thereof include a foamed resin member and rubber. The method for forming the vibration absorbing layer 78 is not particularly limited, but the vibration absorbing layer 78 can be easily formed, for example, by winding and fixing a sheet formed using the above-described vibration absorbing member around the aggregate 70.

  Examples of the foamed resin member include, but are not limited to, polypropylene-based resin foam, polystyrene-based resin foam, polyethylene-based resin foam, and polyurethane-based resin foam.

  A filling member 74 is filled inside the cylindrical main body 10 and around the aggregate 70. The filling member 74 may be any member that can protect the aggregate 70 and fill the inside of the tubular main body 70, and examples thereof include earth and sand, sandbags, foams, and concrete. From the viewpoint of allowing some curvature of the aggregate 70, earth and sand, sandbags, or foams are preferable. Since the sandbag has an appropriate weight and can absorb a part of the vibration transmitted from the tower 210 to the tubular main body 10, the sandbag is more preferable as the filling member 74.

  In the basic structure 160 according to the present embodiment, the vertical separation part 66 is provided between the tubular main body 10 and the tower coupling part 20. In the present embodiment, the cylindrical body constituting the cylindrical main body 10 extends above the upper end 11 of the cylindrical main body, and forms a side surface of the tower connecting portion 20. In other words, the side surface of the tower connecting portion 20 and the cylindrical main body 10 are formed of the same cylindrical body. The inside of the tower connecting portion 20 has an upper end portion of the aggregate 70 at the center of the shaft and a tower 210 disposed above the upper end portion, and a concrete portion 76 filled with concrete is provided around the upper end thereof. I have.

In the basic structure 160 of the present embodiment, the container 30 containing the heavy object 34 and the anchor chain 60 are provided as fixing means. An anchor 62 is provided at an end of the anchor chain 60, and is fixed to the seabed 320 by this. Note that, similarly to the embodiment shown in FIG. 7, by appropriately covering the anchor 62 with a stone or the like, the anchoring state with respect to the seabed 320 can be further stabilized.
In the container 30 in the present embodiment, a heavy object 34 is also arranged on the outer periphery. By arranging the heavy objects 34 also on the outer periphery of the container 30 in this manner, the installation stability of the base structure 160 can be further improved, and the fishing reef can be expanded, which is preferable. In addition, the heavy objects 34 arranged on the outer periphery of the container 30 prevent scouring of the sea floor around the foundation structure 160 and enhance the installation stability of the foundation structure 160.

<Fifth embodiment>
Next, a seabed-installed substructure 180 (hereinafter, simply referred to as a substructure 180) according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 9 is a side view of a foundation structure 180 according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention.

  The basic structure 180 according to the fifth embodiment has the same configuration as the basic structure 100 according to the first embodiment except that a work stage is provided at the upper end of the cylindrical main body 10 and above the sea surface 310 at high tide. Have. Therefore, hereinafter, the configuration specific to the basic structure 180 will be mainly described, and the detailed description of the configuration common to the basic structure 100 will be appropriately omitted.

As shown in FIG. 9, the basic structure 180 is provided with a work stage 18 on which a crane can be installed at a position above the sea surface 310 at the time of high tide at the upper end of the tubular main body 10. The work stage 18 has a substantially horizontal upper surface and a predetermined area. Although the area of the upper surface of the work stage 18 is not particularly limited, it is preferable that at least a crane is mounted and crane work is possible. It is preferable that the crane is a large crane 230 capable of installing the offshore wind power generation device 200 on the foundation structure 180. Specifically, it is preferable that the work stage 18 can mount a crane having a weight of about 100 to 900 tons, a height of about 15 to 120 m, and a fishing height of about 50 to 150 m. The basic structure 180 shown in FIG. 9 has two work stages 18 at opposing positions, and a large crane 230 is mounted on one, and a small crane 240 is mounted on the other. The size of the small crane 240 is, for example, less than about 100 tons, less than about 15 m in height, and less than about 50 m in fishing height.
In this specification, a crane includes both a device capable of crane work and a vehicle equipped with the device capable of crane work.

  Generally, when installing an offshore wind turbine, a work boat (for example, an SEP ship) equipped with a crane is used for one to several ships, for several days to several weeks. The offshore wind turbine is hoisted using the work boat, and the work of installing the offshore wind turbine on the foundation structure is performed. The work boat generally has a platform for performing a crane operation or the like and a leg fixed to the sea floor. The work boat is a special ship in which the platform is not shaken by extending the legs and fixed to the seabed, thereby enabling crane work. Therefore, the above-mentioned work boat has a high charge fee, which is one of the major causes for increasing the installation cost of the offshore wind turbine.

On the other hand, since the basic structure 180 of the present embodiment includes the work stage 18, the large-sized crane 230 can be transported to the work stage 18 for installation, and the installation work of the offshore wind turbine 200 can be performed. Therefore, when the foundation structure 180 is operated, it is not necessary to prepare a work boat as in the related art, or the number of work boats can be reduced with respect to the installation of the offshore wind power generation apparatus 200. The installation cost can be reduced as compared with the related art.
After the installation work of the offshore wind turbine 200 is completed, the large crane 230 and the like may be removed from the work stage 18. However, even after the offshore wind power generation device 200 is installed, it is preferable that a crane (hereinafter, referred to as a work crane) that enables the work to be performed afterward on the work stage 18 is appropriately installed on the stage 18. The work crane may be the small crane 240 or the large crane 230 shown in the drawing, or may be a different crane. After the offshore wind power generator 200 is installed, work such as maintenance, periodic inspection, replacement of parts, or repair in the event of an accident (hereinafter, referred to as post-work) is performed on the offshore wind power generator 200. On the other hand, if the work crane is permanently installed on the work stage 18 and can be used at any time, when the post-work occurs, the work can be promptly performed without transporting the crane to the offshore wind turbine 200 each time. You can start. Also, from the viewpoint of safety that an accident can occur in the offshore wind turbine 200 immediately, it is preferable to provide the work stage 18 and always install a work crane here.

  The work stage 18 in the present embodiment is provided at two positions at positions substantially facing each other by 180 degrees, but the working stage 18 in the present invention is not limited to this. The present embodiment includes a mode in which the work stage 18 is provided at one or three or more positions, or a mode in which the work stage 18 is provided on the entire circumference of the cylindrical main body 10 in the circumferential direction.

  Although the first to fifth embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications, improvements, and the like can be made as long as the object of the present invention is achieved. Is included. For example, in each of the above-described embodiments, a mode is shown in which any one or a combination of the container 30, the metal member 40, and the anchor chain 60 is provided as the fixing means. However, the basic structure of the present invention is not limited to these embodiments, and includes an embodiment having no fixing means. Instead, it can be appropriately changed to another fixing means.

As described above, the basic structure of the present invention is an unconventional basic structure for an offshore wind turbine in which a tubular main body is installed and fixed on or near the sea floor. ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION The foundation structure of this invention can fix the installation attitude | position of an offshore wind power generator, and the labor and cost of installation are reduced compared with the conventional floating-type foundation structure or the foundation structure using a pile. Therefore, it can substantially contribute to the expansion of the offshore wind turbine.
In particular, the basic structure of the present invention, which is a mode including a container provided at the lower end of the cylindrical body or a mode including a hollow cylindrical body provided with a hole communicating with inside and outside, is a new reef. Can be provided. Therefore, it can contribute not only to securing power by the offshore wind power generator but also to the development of fisheries. Although coexistence with fisheries is an important issue to promote the substantial development of offshore power generation equipment, various aspects of the present invention can sufficiently solve the issue.

The foundation structure of the present invention can be used as a base of an offshore wind turbine as described above in the sea area where the depth of the seabed is 30 m or more and 100 m or less, and in addition to favorably supporting the offshore wind turbine , Can exert a reef effect.
Here, a relatively shallow sea area with a depth of 100 m or less is a sea area suitable for fisheries and aquaculture in Japan, and also a sea area in which resource protection is required. Therefore, the basic structure of the present invention which can not only favorably support the offshore wind power generation device but also exert a reef effect can be particularly preferably implemented in a sea area at such a depth.
Further, by installing the foundation structure of the present invention in a favorable sea area as a fishing ground, entry of an illegal bottoming boat becomes difficult, and poaching and illegal operation can be prevented. Further, by installing a surveillance camera on the basic structure of the present invention, it is also possible to more strictly prevent poaching, and it is possible to make use of the basic structure of the present invention from the viewpoint of fishery management and fishery conservation. .

  By the way, the manufacture of the floating foundation structure and the pile foundation structure for the conventional offshore wind power generator requires large-scale facilities and SEP ships, and has been performed only in a limited industry. On the other hand, the technology related to the manufacture and construction of the basic structure of the present invention is based on a new industry with a wide base in which any one or more industries such as the shipbuilding industry, the marine civil engineering industry, the salvage industry, or the fishing industry in Japan can participate. Can be provided.

  As described above, the basic structure of the present invention can contribute not only to the implementation of the wind turbine generator but also to the fisheries and the new industries described above. It is an important technology for energy and food in the sea area to be managed.

  Further, the basic structure of the present invention can also be used as a terminal base of a submarine power transmission network. By utilizing the basic structure of the present invention as such a terminal base, it is possible to increase the power transmission efficiency to an urban area which is a power consuming area. In addition, even if a land-based power plant is damaged by a major earthquake or the like and becomes inoperable, the offshore power generator supported by the basic structure of the present invention can be operated, enabling emergency power transmission from the sea to urban areas. And contribute to the quick restoration of urban functions.

The embodiment includes the following technical idea.
(1) The basic structure of an offshore wind turbine,
A tubular body,
A tower coupling portion provided on the upper end side of the tubular main body,
An undersea installation type substructure, wherein an upper end of the tubular body is located at or near the sea surface, and a lower end of the tubular body is located at or near the seabed.
(2) a container having an upper end opening arranged in a peripheral direction on an outer surface at a lower end portion of the tubular main body;
The container is joined to the tubular main body,
The submarine-installed substructure according to (1), wherein a plurality of heavy objects are accommodated in the container.
(3) a plurality of axially elongated metal members directly or indirectly joined to the outer surface of the lower end portion of the tubular main body;
The submarine-installed basic structure according to (1) or (2), wherein the metal member extends radially around the cylindrical main body.
(4) the metal member includes a first metal member and a second metal member longer than the first metal member;
One end of the first metal member is directly or indirectly joined to the outer surface of the lower end of the tubular main body,
The submarine-installed basic structure according to (3), wherein the other end of the first metal member is connected to one end of the second metal member.
(5) A connection for connecting an end of one metal member located on the opposite side to the tubular main body and an end of another adjacent metal member located on the opposite side to the tubular main body. The submarine-installed basic structure according to (3) or (4), further comprising a metal member.
(6) The submarine-installed basic structure according to any one of (1) to (5), further including an anchor chain that is continuous from the outer surface of the tubular main body to the seabed.
(7) An upper and lower separation portion is provided at a position above the sea surface at low tide at the upper end of the tubular main body,
The submarine-installed basic structure according to any one of (1) to (6), wherein an upper portion is removed from the upper and lower separation portion, and a lower portion than the upper and lower separation portion is configured to be left in the sea.
(8) The work stage according to any one of (1) to (7), wherein a work stage on which a crane can be installed is provided at a position above the sea surface at the time of high tide at the upper end of the tubular main body. Submarine-installed substructure described in 1.
(9) The seabed installation according to any one of (1) to (8) above, wherein the cylindrical main body is hollow and a hole communicating with the inside and outside of the cylindrical main body is provided on a side surface of the cylindrical main body. Mold foundation structure.
(10) Inside the cylindrical main body,
The seabed-installed basic structure according to any one of (1) to (8), wherein an aggregate extending in a vertical direction and a filling member filled around the aggregate are provided.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Cylindrical main body 11 ... Cylindrical main body upper end 12 ... Cylindrical main body lower end 14 ... Mound 16 ... Bottom surface 18 ... Work stage 20 ... Tower coupling part 22 ... Horizontal adjuster 24 Vibration absorber 30 Container 32 Upper end 34 Heavy object 40 Metal member 42 First metal member 44 Second metal member 46 .... Steel joint 48 ... End 50 ... Connecting metal member 52 ... Fixing member 60 ... Anchor chain 62 ... Anchor 64 ... Connecting tool 66 ... Vertical separating part 68 ... -Hole 69-Deaeration window 70-Aggregate 72-Expanded portion 74-Filling member 76-Concrete portion 78-Vibration absorbing layer 100, 120, 140, 160, 180 ... Submarine-installed foundation structure 200 ... Offshore wind power generator 210 ... Tower 2 0 ... blade 230 ... large crane 240 ... Small crane 310 ... sea 320 ... the seabed 330 ... tugboat 332 ... rope

The submarine-installed base structure of the present invention is a base structure of an offshore wind turbine, and includes a cylindrical main body, and a tower coupling portion provided on an upper end side of the cylindrical main body. The upper end is located at or near the sea surface, and the lower end of the tubular main body is located at or near the seabed, and is fixed directly or indirectly to the lower end of the tubular main body in the axial direction. It is long and includes a plurality of metal members capable of resisting the overturning moment of the cylindrical main body, and the plurality of metal members extend radially around the cylindrical main body on the sea floor. Submarine-installed substructure.

Claims (10)

The basic structure of an offshore wind turbine,
A tubular body,
A tower coupling portion provided on the upper end side of the tubular main body,
An undersea installation type substructure, wherein an upper end of the tubular body is located at or near the sea surface, and a lower end of the tubular body is located at or near the seabed. A container having an upper end opening arranged in a circumferential direction on an outer surface at a lower end portion of the tubular main body,
The container is joined to the tubular main body,
The submarine-installed substructure according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of heavy objects are accommodated in the container. A plurality of axially long metal members directly or indirectly joined to the outer surface at the lower end of the cylindrical body,
3. The submarine-installed substructure according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of metal members extend radially around the cylindrical main body. The metal member includes a first metal member and a second metal member longer than the first metal member,
One end of the first metal member is directly or indirectly joined to the outer surface of the lower end of the tubular main body,
The submarine-installed substructure according to claim 3, wherein the other end of the first metal member is connected to one end of the second metal member. An end portion of one of the metal members located on the opposite side to the tubular main body, and a connecting metal member for connecting an end of the other adjacent metal member located on the opposite side to the tubular main body. The submarine installation type substructure according to claim 3 or 4, further comprising: The submarine-installed substructure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising an anchor chain that is continuous from the outer surface of the tubular body to the seabed. An upper and lower separation unit is provided at a position below the sea surface at the time of low tide at the upper end of the tubular main body,
The submarine-installed substructure according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein an upper portion is removed from the upper and lower separation portion, and a lower portion than the upper and lower separation portion is left in the sea. The submarine installation type according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein a work stage on which a crane can be installed is provided at a position above the sea surface at the time of high tide at an upper end portion of the cylindrical main body. Foundation structure. The submarine-installed basic structure according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the tubular body is hollow, and a hole communicating with the inside and outside of the tubular body is provided on a side surface of the tubular body. Inside the cylindrical body,
The submarine-installed substructure according to any one of claims 1 to 8, further comprising an aggregate extending in a vertical direction and a filling member filled around the aggregate.

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