JP2020020203A - Foundation structure of building - Google Patents

Foundation structure of building Download PDF

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JP2020020203A
JP2020020203A JP2018145958A JP2018145958A JP2020020203A JP 2020020203 A JP2020020203 A JP 2020020203A JP 2018145958 A JP2018145958 A JP 2018145958A JP 2018145958 A JP2018145958 A JP 2018145958A JP 2020020203 A JP2020020203 A JP 2020020203A
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bundle
protection plate
heat insulating
plate
insulating material
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JP7107778B2 (en
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翔 徳永
Sho Tokunaga
翔 徳永
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Sekisui Chemical Co Ltd
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Sekisui Chemical Co Ltd
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Abstract

To provide a foundation structure of a building capable of obtaining high adhesive property between bundle portions/a bottom plate portion and a protection plate when a protection plate is disposed at an outside face side of a heat insulation material disposed so as to fill openings between bundle portions.SOLUTION: A foundation structure 10 of a building constructed of concrete comprises: a foundation slab 1 formed in a slab-shape; a plurality of bundle portions (corner bundle portions 2A, intermediate bundle portions 2B) disposed with an interval along a peripheral edge of an upper face 11 of the foundation slab; plate-shaped heat insulation materials 3 disposed so as to fill openings between the bundle portions; and protection plates 5 disposed at outside face 3a sides of the heat insulation materials. The protection plate is formed such that both side edges respectively cover a cutout portion 26 of the bundle portions, and a lower edge covers a cutout portion 14 of the foundation slab.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

本発明は、べた基礎などのコンクリートで構築される建物の基礎構造に関するものである。   The present invention relates to a foundation structure of a building constructed of concrete such as a solid foundation.

特許文献1,2には、鉄筋コンクリートによってスラブ状に構築された基礎スラブの周縁に、間隔を置いてプレキャストコンクリート製のブロックを配置することで形成された建物の基礎構造が開示されている。この基礎構造においては、基礎スラブ周縁に配置されたブロック間に断熱材が配置される。   Patent Literatures 1 and 2 disclose a foundation structure of a building formed by arranging precast concrete blocks at intervals around a base slab constructed of reinforced concrete in a slab shape. In this foundation structure, a heat insulating material is arranged between blocks arranged on the periphery of the foundation slab.

一方、特許文献3には、布基礎の側面に取り付けられた断熱材の外側面側を、防蟻シートによって覆った建築物の断熱基礎構造が開示されている。ここで、基礎スラブ周縁に配置されたブロック間に断熱材を配置する場合は、断熱材を覆う保護層も断熱材が配置された箇所にのみ配置するのが経済的である。   On the other hand, Patent Literature 3 discloses a heat insulating basic structure of a building in which an outer surface side of a heat insulating material attached to a side surface of a cloth base is covered with a termite sheet. Here, when the heat insulating material is arranged between the blocks arranged on the periphery of the base slab, it is economical to arrange the protective layer covering the heat insulating material only at the place where the heat insulating material is arranged.

特開2018−35530号公報JP 2018-35530 A 特開2018−35531号公報JP 2018-35531A 特開平11−350502号公報JP-A-11-350502

しかしながら、部分的に保護層を設ける場合、その両側のコンクリート部分に隙間なく付着させることが求められる。
そこで、本発明は、束部間の開口を埋めるように配置された断熱材の外側面側に保護板が配置される場合に、束部及び底板部と保護板との間で高い密着性能を得ることが可能な建物の基礎構造を提供することを目的としている。
However, when the protective layer is partially provided, it is required that the protective layer be adhered to the concrete portions on both sides without any gap.
Therefore, the present invention provides a high adhesion performance between the bundle and the bottom plate and the protective plate when the protective plate is arranged on the outer surface side of the heat insulating material arranged to fill the opening between the bundles. The purpose is to provide a foundation structure of the building that can be obtained.

前記目的を達成するために、本発明の建物の基礎構造は、コンクリートで構築される建物の基礎構造であって、スラブ状に形成された底板部と、前記底板部の上面の周縁に沿って間隔を置いて配置された複数の束部と、前記束部間の開口を埋めるように配置される板状の断熱材と、前記断熱材の外側面側に配置される保護板とを備え、前記保護板は、両側縁がそれぞれ前記束部の側縁部を覆うとともに、下縁が前記底板部の上縁部を覆うことを特徴とする。   In order to achieve the above object, the foundation structure of the building of the present invention is a foundation structure of a building constructed of concrete, and has a bottom plate formed in a slab shape and a peripheral edge of an upper surface of the bottom plate. A plurality of bundles arranged at intervals, a plate-shaped heat insulating material arranged to fill the opening between the bundles, and a protective plate arranged on the outer surface side of the heat insulating material, The protection plate is characterized in that both side edges respectively cover side edge portions of the bundle portion, and a lower edge covers an upper edge portion of the bottom plate portion.

ここで、前記束部の外側面と前記保護板の外側面とが、面一に形成される構成とすることができる。また、前記保護板は、防蟻断熱材であることが好ましい。   Here, the outer surface of the bundle portion and the outer surface of the protection plate may be formed to be flush with each other. Preferably, the protection plate is a termite heat insulating material.

さらに、前記保護板と、それに対向される前記束部の前記側縁部及び前記底板部の前記上縁部とが、嵌合構造によって接合されている構成とすることができる。この前記嵌合構造は、前記保護板に設けられる断面視略V字形の溝部と、前記束部側に設けられる断面視略V字形の凸部とによって形成することができる。   Further, the protection plate, the side edge portion of the bundle portion facing the protection plate, and the upper edge portion of the bottom plate portion may be joined by a fitting structure. The fitting structure can be formed by a groove having a substantially V-shaped cross section provided on the protection plate and a convex portion having a substantially V-shaped cross section provided on the bundle portion side.

また、前記底板部の側面並びに前記束部及び前記保護板の外側面に、連続した被覆層が設けられる構成とすることができる。さらに、前記束部の内部側に基礎断熱材が配置される構成とすることができる。   Further, a continuous coating layer may be provided on the side surface of the bottom plate portion and the outer side surfaces of the bundle portion and the protection plate. Further, a configuration may be adopted in which a basic heat insulating material is disposed inside the bundle.

このように構成された本発明の建物の基礎構造は、スラブ状に形成された底板部の上面の周縁に沿って間隔を置いて配置された複数の束部間に、その開口を埋めるように板状の断熱材が配置される。そして、断熱材の外側面側に配置される保護板は、両側縁がそれぞれ束部の側縁部を覆うとともに、下縁が底板部の上縁部を覆うように形成される。
このため、束部及び底板部と保護板との間で高い密着性能を得ることができる。
The foundation structure of the building of the present invention configured as described above fills the opening between a plurality of bundle portions arranged at intervals along the periphery of the upper surface of the bottom plate portion formed in a slab shape. A plate-like heat insulating material is arranged. The protection plate disposed on the outer surface side of the heat insulating material is formed such that both side edges respectively cover the side edge portions of the bundle portion, and the lower edge covers the upper edge portion of the bottom plate portion.
Therefore, high adhesion performance can be obtained between the bundle portion and the bottom plate portion and the protection plate.

また、束部の外側面と保護板の外側面とが面一に形成されていれば、これらに跨る外装材などが設けやすくなる。さらに、保護板が地中に埋設されるような場合に防蟻断熱材であれば、白蟻などの基礎構造内への侵入を効果的に防ぐことができる。   Further, if the outer surface of the bundle portion and the outer surface of the protection plate are formed flush with each other, it becomes easy to provide an exterior material or the like straddling these. Furthermore, in the case where the protective plate is buried in the ground, if a termite-insulating heat insulating material is used, it is possible to effectively prevent the termites or the like from entering the basic structure.

そして、保護板とそれに対向される束部の側縁部及び底板部の上縁部とが嵌合構造によって接合されていれば、地震の揺れなどによって水平力が作用しても離れにくくすることができる。このような嵌合構造は、保護板に設けられる断面視略V字形の溝部と、束部側に設けられる断面視略V字形の凸部との組み合わせにすることが好ましい。   If the protective plate and the side edge of the bundle facing it and the upper edge of the bottom plate are joined by a fitting structure, it is difficult for them to separate even if horizontal force acts due to earthquake shaking etc. Can be. Such a fitting structure is preferably a combination of a substantially V-shaped cross-section groove provided on the protection plate and a substantially V-shaped cross-section projection provided on the bundle side.

さらに、底板部の側面並びに束部及び保護板の外側面に連続した被覆層が設けられるのであれば、連続性と一体感のある外装の意匠を創出することが容易にできる。また、束部の内部側に基礎断熱材を配置することで、より断熱性能の高い基礎構造とすることができる。   Furthermore, if a continuous coating layer is provided on the side surface of the bottom plate portion and the outer surface of the bundle portion and the protective plate, it is easy to create an exterior design having continuity and a sense of unity. In addition, by disposing the basic heat insulating material inside the bundle, a basic structure having higher heat insulating performance can be obtained.

本実施の形態の建物の基礎構造の構成を拡大して説明する斜視図である。It is a perspective view which expands and demonstrates the structure of the foundation structure of the building of this Embodiment. 建物の基礎構造の全体構成を説明する斜視図である。It is a perspective view explaining the whole foundation structure of a building. 図1のA−A矢視方向で見た平面図である。FIG. 2 is a plan view as viewed in the direction of arrows AA in FIG. 1. 図1のB−B矢視方向で見た断面図である。FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view as viewed in the direction of arrows BB in FIG. 1. 保護板の嵌合構造の密着性能を確認する試験について説明する図で、(a)は試験概念の説明図、(b)は嵌合構造周辺の構成を示した図、(c)は外力を作用させた後に第1剥離が始まった状態を示した図、(d)は保護板に亀裂が発生した状態を示した図である。FIGS. 8A and 8B are diagrams illustrating a test for confirming the adhesion performance of the fitting structure of the protection plate, in which FIG. 9A is an explanatory diagram of the test concept, FIG. FIG. 4D is a diagram showing a state in which the first peeling has started after acting, and FIG. 4D is a diagram showing a state in which a crack has occurred in the protective plate.

以下、本発明の実施の形態について図面を参照して説明する。図1は、本実施の形態の建物の基礎構造10の構成を拡大して説明する斜視図であり、図2は、基礎構造10の全体構成を示している。   Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is an enlarged perspective view illustrating a configuration of a foundation structure 10 of a building according to the present embodiment, and FIG. 2 illustrates an overall configuration of the foundation structure 10.

本実施の形態の基礎構造10は、コンクリートで構築される建物のべた基礎である。すなわち基礎構造10は、図2に示すように、建物の基礎施工領域となる例えば平面視長方形領域に、鉄筋コンクリートによってスラブ状に構築された底板部としての基礎スラブ1と、その基礎スラブ1の周縁に間隔を置いて配置された複数の束部(2A,2B,2C)と、束部間の開口を埋めるように配置される板状の断熱材3と、断熱材3の外側面側に配置される保護板5とによって、主に構成される。   The foundation structure 10 of the present embodiment is a solid foundation of a building constructed of concrete. That is, as shown in FIG. 2, the base structure 10 includes, as shown in FIG. A plurality of bundles (2A, 2B, 2C) arranged at intervals, a plate-like heat insulating material 3 arranged to fill an opening between the bundles, and an outer surface side of the heat insulator 3 The protection plate 5 is mainly configured.

基礎スラブ1は、図示は省略するが、水平方向に向けて格子状に配筋された複数の鉄筋によって構成される配筋部と、現地で打設されるコンクリートとによって主に構成される。   Although not shown, the base slab 1 is mainly constituted by a reinforcing member constituted by a plurality of reinforcing bars arranged in a lattice shape in the horizontal direction and concrete cast on site.

基礎スラブ1の下方には、図1に示すように、栗石や捨てコンクリートなどによって捨石層13が形成される。また、板状の基礎スラブ1の下部は、後工程において地面Gの下に埋め戻され(図4参照)、上部は地面Gから突出される。すなわち基礎スラブ1の側面12の上部及び上面11は、地面Gから突出されて露出された状態になる。   As shown in FIG. 1, a rubble layer 13 is formed below the foundation slab 1 by means of chestnut stone or waste concrete. In addition, the lower part of the plate-shaped base slab 1 is buried under the ground G in a later step (see FIG. 4), and the upper part protrudes from the ground G. That is, the upper portion and the upper surface 11 of the side surface 12 of the base slab 1 are projected from the ground G and exposed.

そして、図2に示すように、基礎スラブ1の周縁に沿って、複数の束部(2A−2C)が間隔を置いて配置される。ここで、基礎スラブ1の隅角部に配置される束部をコーナー束部2Aとし、コーナー束部2A,2A間に配置される束部を中間束部2B又はT型束部2Cとする。   Then, as shown in FIG. 2, a plurality of bundles (2 </ b> A- 2 </ b> C) are arranged at intervals along the periphery of the base slab 1. Here, the bundle disposed at the corner of the base slab 1 is referred to as a corner bundle 2A, and the bundle disposed between the corner bundles 2A, 2A is referred to as an intermediate bundle 2B or a T-shaped bundle 2C.

束部(2A−2C)は、基礎スラブ1と一体になるように鉄筋コンクリートで構築される。基礎スラブ1と束部(2A−2C)を一度のコンクリート打設で構築することもできるし、別々にコンクリートを二度打ちして構築することもできる。ここで、コーナー束部2Aは平面視略L字形に成形され、中間束部2Bは平面視略長方形に成形され、T型束部2Cは平面視略T字形に成形される。   The bundle (2A-2C) is constructed of reinforced concrete so as to be integrated with the foundation slab 1. The base slab 1 and the bundle (2A-2C) can be constructed by casting concrete once, or can be constructed by separately striking concrete twice. Here, the corner bundle portion 2A is formed in a substantially L shape in plan view, the intermediate bundle portion 2B is formed in a substantially rectangular shape in plan view, and the T-shaped bundle portion 2C is formed in a substantially T shape in plan view.

さらに、基礎スラブ1の内部にも、必要に応じてI型束部24や中央束部25が鉄筋コンクリートによって設けられる。対峙するT型束部2C,2C同士の交点には、平面視略長方形の中央束部25が配置され、中間束部2Bと中央束部25との間には、平面視略I字形のI型束部24が配置される。   Further, an I-shaped bundle 24 and a central bundle 25 are also provided inside the base slab 1 by reinforced concrete as needed. At the intersection of the opposed T-shaped bundles 2C, 2C, a central bundle 25 having a substantially rectangular shape in a plan view is arranged. Between the intermediate bundle 2B and the central bundle 25, a substantially I-shaped I-shaped plan view is provided. The mold bundle 24 is arranged.

ここで、図2を参照しながら、コーナー束部2Aを例にして束部の構成についてさらに説明する。コーナー束部2Aには、基礎スラブ1の上面11から壁状に立ち上げられる外側面21が形成される。この外側面21は、基礎スラブ1の側面12とほぼ連続する鉛直面を形成する。   Here, the configuration of the bundle will be further described with reference to FIG. 2 taking the corner bundle 2A as an example. An outer side surface 21 is formed on the corner bundle 2A so as to rise from the upper surface 11 of the base slab 1 in a wall shape. The outer side surface 21 forms a vertical surface substantially continuous with the side surface 12 of the base slab 1.

コーナー束部2Aの上面には、アンカーボルト23を介して建物本体U(図4参照)を連結させるための補強プレート22が配置される。また、束部間の開口を埋めるように板状の断熱材3が配置される。すなわち、コーナー束部2Aと中間束部2Bとの間、中間束部2B,2B間、中間束部2BとT型束部2Cとの間の長方形の開口を塞ぐように長方形板状の断熱材3が配置される。   A reinforcing plate 22 for connecting the building body U (see FIG. 4) via an anchor bolt 23 is disposed on the upper surface of the corner bundle 2A. Further, a plate-like heat insulating material 3 is arranged so as to fill the opening between the bundle portions. That is, a rectangular plate-shaped heat insulating material is provided so as to close a rectangular opening between the corner bundle 2A and the intermediate bundle 2B, between the intermediate bundles 2B and 2B, and between the intermediate bundle 2B and the T-shaped bundle 2C. 3 are arranged.

このような断熱材3は、1枚の断熱板によって形成することができるが、複数枚の断熱板を重ねて形成することもできる。この断熱板には、押出法ポリスチレンフォームなどの発泡プラスチック系断熱材が使用できる。   Such a heat insulating material 3 can be formed by one heat insulating plate, but can also be formed by stacking a plurality of heat insulating plates. For this heat insulating plate, a foamed plastic heat insulating material such as an extruded polystyrene foam can be used.

この断熱材3の側縁と隣接するコーナー束部2Aの側縁部には、断熱材3の外側面3aとほぼ面一となる深さまで外側面21から窪んだ切欠部26が設けられる。さらに、この切欠部26の下端には、基礎スラブ1の上縁部の切欠部14が接続され、水平方向に延伸された切欠部14の端部には、中間束部2Bの側縁部の切欠部26が接続される。要するに、断熱材3の両側縁及び下縁を囲むように、正面視略U字形の切欠部26,14,26が設けられる。   At the side edge of the corner bundle 2A adjacent to the side edge of the heat insulating material 3, a cutout portion 26 recessed from the outer surface 21 to a depth substantially flush with the outer surface 3a of the heat insulating material 3 is provided. Further, a notch 14 at the upper edge of the base slab 1 is connected to a lower end of the notch 26, and an end of the notch 14 extending in the horizontal direction is provided with a side edge of the intermediate bundle 2B. The notch 26 is connected. In short, the cutouts 26, 14, 26, which are substantially U-shaped in a front view, are provided so as to surround both side edges and the lower edge of the heat insulating material 3.

図1に示すように、これらの切欠部26,14には、保護板5の側縁51と下縁52がそれぞれ収容される。すなわち、保護板5は、断熱材3の外側面3aより一回り大きな長方形の板状に形成されていて、断熱材3の外側面3aを覆ったうえで張り出された両側の側縁51と下縁52とが切欠部26,14に収容される。   As shown in FIG. 1, the side edges 51 and the lower edge 52 of the protection plate 5 are accommodated in these notches 26 and 14, respectively. That is, the protection plate 5 is formed in a rectangular plate shape slightly larger than the outer surface 3 a of the heat insulating material 3, and covers the outer side surface 3 a of the heat insulating material 3 and protrudes from both side edges 51. The lower edge 52 is accommodated in the notches 26 and 14.

このような保護板5には、防蟻断熱材、押出法ポリスチレンフォームなどの発泡プラスチック系断熱材が使用できる。例えば、ポリカーボネート樹脂を高倍率に発泡させることで硬質にして、防蟻性能を高めることができる。このような防蟻断熱材は、ポリスチレンフォームに比べて高い耐熱性能を備えるとともに、セメント系材料との接着性能も高い。また、複数ひび割れ型繊維補強セメント板(HPFRCC:High Performance Fiber Reinforced Cement Composites)などを保護板5にすることもできる。基礎スラブ1の下部などが地面Gの下に埋め戻されるような場合には、防蟻断熱材など防蟻性能を有する防護板5を使用することが好ましい。   For such a protective plate 5, a foamed plastic heat insulating material such as a termite heat insulating material or an extruded polystyrene foam can be used. For example, a polycarbonate resin can be made hard by foaming it at a high magnification, and the termite-controlling performance can be enhanced. Such a termite heat insulating material has a higher heat resistance than polystyrene foam, and also has a higher adhesive performance with a cement-based material. Further, the protection plate 5 may be a multiple crack type fiber reinforced cement board (HPFRCC: High Performance Fiber Reinforced Cement Composites) or the like. When the lower part of the base slab 1 or the like is buried under the ground G, it is preferable to use a protective plate 5 having termite-proof performance such as a termite-insulating material.

さらに、図3に示すように、保護板5の側縁51と、それに対向されるコーナー束部2Aの側縁部となる切欠部26とは、嵌合構造によって接合される。この嵌合構造は、保護板5に設けられる断面視略V字形の溝部511と、コーナー束部2A側に設けられる断面視略V字形の凸部27とによって形成される。すなわち、保護板5の溝部511に嵌り込んだ凸部27との嵌合により、保護板5の延伸方向(水平方向)の力に対して対抗させることができる。   Further, as shown in FIG. 3, the side edge 51 of the protection plate 5 and the notch 26 which is the side edge of the corner bundle 2A opposed thereto are joined by a fitting structure. This fitting structure is formed by a groove portion 511 having a substantially V-shaped cross section provided on the protection plate 5 and a convex portion 27 having a substantially V-shaped cross section provided on the corner bundle portion 2A side. That is, by fitting with the convex portion 27 fitted into the groove 511 of the protective plate 5, it is possible to oppose the force in the extending direction (horizontal direction) of the protective plate 5.

この保護板5によるV字形の凹凸嵌合の形状については、これに限定されるものではない。例えば、断面視略U字形、断面視略長方形などのトリマーなどで容易に加工できる形状であれば、いずれの形状の溝部にすることもできる。   The shape of the V-shaped concave and convex fitting by the protection plate 5 is not limited to this. For example, the groove may have any shape as long as it can be easily processed with a trimmer such as a substantially U-shaped cross-section or a substantially rectangular cross-section.

この保護板の側縁に設ける凹凸嵌合の溝形状の選定においては、1)付着強度、2)コンクリート打設時のジャンカ率、3)加工性、4)溝という欠損を設けたことによる強度低下、などが考慮される。   In selecting the groove shape of the concave-convex fitting provided on the side edge of the protective plate, 1) adhesive strength, 2) jumper rate at the time of concrete casting, 3) workability, 4) strength due to the provision of the groove. Reduction, etc. are considered.

そこで、1)付着強度について検討すると、強度が高い方から、長方形溝>U字形溝>V字形溝となる。一方、2)ジャンカ率については、小さいほど良く、良好な順に、長方形溝<U字形溝<V字形溝となる。また、3)加工性については、作業効率の高い順で、V字形溝>U字形溝>長方形溝となる。さらに、4)欠損による強度低下については、少ないほど良く、強度低下が少ない順に、V字形溝<長方形溝<U字形溝となる。   Then, 1) When examining the adhesive strength, the order is rectangular groove> U-shaped groove> V-shaped groove in descending order of strength. On the other hand, 2) the smaller the jumper ratio, the better and the order is good, in which order is rectangular groove <U-shaped groove <V-shaped groove. Further, regarding the 3) workability, in the order of higher working efficiency, V-shaped groove> U-shaped groove> rectangular groove. 4) Regarding the strength decrease due to the defect, the smaller the better, the better and the order of the strength decrease is V-shaped groove <rectangular groove <U-shaped groove.

ここで、4)の欠損による強度低下については、保護板の厚みを付着力以上になるように設計することで回避できるため、重要な選定ポイントにはならない。そして、加工コストあたりの付着強度及び施工不良によるジャンカ率を考慮した場合に、V字形の溝部511が最も好ましくなるため、以下ではV字形溝を例に説明する。   Here, the decrease in strength due to the loss in 4) can be avoided by designing the thickness of the protective plate to be equal to or greater than the adhesive force, and thus is not an important selection point. In consideration of the adhesion strength per processing cost and the jumper rate due to poor construction, the V-shaped groove portion 511 is most preferable. Therefore, the V-shaped groove will be described below as an example.

また、図4に示すように、保護板5の下縁52と、それに対向される基礎スラブ1の上縁部となる切欠部14とは、嵌合構造によって接合される。この嵌合構造は、保護板5に設けられる断面視略V字形の溝部521と、基礎スラブ1側に設けられる断面視略V字形の凸部15とによって形成される。すなわち、保護板5の溝部521に嵌り込んだ凸部15との嵌合により、保護板5の上下方向(鉛直方向)の力に対して対抗させることができる。   In addition, as shown in FIG. 4, the lower edge 52 of the protection plate 5 and the notch 14 serving as the upper edge of the base slab 1 opposed thereto are joined by a fitting structure. This fitting structure is formed by a groove 521 having a substantially V-shaped cross section provided on the protection plate 5 and a convex portion 15 having a substantially V-shaped cross section provided on the base slab 1 side. That is, by fitting with the convex portion 15 fitted into the groove 521 of the protective plate 5, it is possible to oppose the vertical force of the protective plate 5 (vertical direction).

一方、保護板5の外側面5a側は被覆層6によって覆われる。この被覆層6は、建物本体Uの外壁U1の外側面とほぼ面一となる。また、保護板5の上縁は、建物本体Uの下縁から張り出された水切材U2によって覆われる。   On the other hand, the outer surface 5 a side of the protection plate 5 is covered with the coating layer 6. This coating layer 6 is substantially flush with the outer surface of the outer wall U1 of the building body U. The upper edge of the protection plate 5 is covered with a draining material U2 that protrudes from the lower edge of the building body U.

さらに、コーナー束部2Aの内部側の側面には、図1及び図3に示すように、基礎断熱材4が配置される。基礎断熱材4は、コーナー束部2Aの内側面に沿って配置される長方形板状の鉛直部41と、基礎スラブ1の上面11に載置される長方形板状の水平部42とによって、側面視略L字形に形成される。基礎断熱材4には、例えば微細な気泡構造の発泡プラスチック系断熱材が使用できる。   Further, on the inner side surface of the corner bundle 2A, a basic heat insulating material 4 is arranged as shown in FIGS. The base heat insulating material 4 is formed by a rectangular plate-shaped vertical portion 41 arranged along the inner surface of the corner bundle 2A and a rectangular plate-shaped horizontal portion 42 placed on the upper surface 11 of the base slab 1. It is formed in a substantially L-shape when viewed. As the basic heat insulating material 4, for example, a foamed plastic heat insulating material having a fine cell structure can be used.

また、図示しないが、束部(2A−2C)と断熱材3との間に防水材を介在させることができる。例えば、コーナー束部2Aと中間束部2Bとの間などの束部間には、対向する束部の端面と基礎スラブ1の上面11とに連続して、水膨張シーリング材などが防水材として配置される。   Although not shown, a waterproof material can be interposed between the bundle (2A-2C) and the heat insulating material 3. For example, between bundle portions such as between the corner bundle portion 2A and the intermediate bundle portion 2B, a water-expandable sealing material or the like is used as a waterproof material so that the end surface of the facing bundle portion and the upper surface 11 of the base slab 1 are continuous. Be placed.

水膨張シーリング材は、水分と接触すると水を吸収し、体積を膨張させるシール材である。自己給水の膨張機能により、優れた止水性を発揮することができる。例えば水膨張シーリング材によって、束部(2A−2C)の幅方向のほぼ中央に、束部間で連続する防水ラインを形成することができる。   A water-expandable sealing material is a sealing material that absorbs water when it comes into contact with moisture and expands its volume. Due to the expansion function of self-supplying water, excellent water stopping properties can be exhibited. For example, a waterproof line continuous between the bundle portions can be formed at substantially the center in the width direction of the bundle portions (2A-2C) by the water-expandable sealing material.

また、面一に形成された基礎構造10の外側面には、図1に示すように、外装として連続した被覆層6を設けることができる。例えば、高弾性樹脂モルタルなどを塗布した下地層の表面に、塗装を仕上層として塗布することで被覆層6を形成することができる。   As shown in FIG. 1, a continuous coating layer 6 can be provided as an exterior on the outer surface of the base structure 10 formed flush. For example, the coating layer 6 can be formed by applying a coating as a finishing layer on the surface of the underlayer coated with a high elasticity resin mortar or the like.

次に、本実施の形態の建物の基礎構造10の構築方法について説明する。
まず、基礎施工領域となる地面Gを掘削し、栗石(砕石)が敷き均された後に、捨てコンクリートを打設することで捨石層13を設ける。そして、捨石層13の上に基礎スラブ1用の鉄筋を配筋する。
Next, a method of constructing the basic structure 10 of the building according to the present embodiment will be described.
First, the ground G serving as the foundation construction area is excavated, and after the rubble stone (crushed stone) is spread and laid, the rubble layer 13 is provided by casting discarded concrete. Then, reinforcing bars for the foundation slab 1 are arranged on the rubble layer 13.

また、基礎スラブ1用の鉄筋の上には、束部(2A−2C)並びにI型束部24及び中央束部25の配筋も行う。さらに、束部(2A−2C)間の開口の形状に合わせて成形された断熱材3を配置する。   In addition, on the reinforcing bar for the base slab 1, the arrangement of the bundle portion (2A-2C) and the I-shaped bundle portion 24 and the central bundle portion 25 are also performed. Furthermore, the heat insulating material 3 formed according to the shape of the opening between the bundle portions (2A-2C) is arranged.

続いて、断熱材3の外側面3aに保護板5を貼り付け、側縁51,51及び下縁52が断熱材3から突出された状態にする。この保護板5の側縁51及び下縁52の内側面側には、溝部511,521が形成されている。   Subsequently, the protective plate 5 is attached to the outer side surface 3a of the heat insulating material 3 so that the side edges 51, 51 and the lower edge 52 protrude from the heat insulating material 3. Grooves 511 and 521 are formed on the inner side surfaces of the side edge 51 and the lower edge 52 of the protection plate 5.

そして、保護板5の外側面5aを覆う位置や束部(2A−2C)の外側面21となる位置などに型枠を組み立て、現場打ちのコンクリートを打設する。ここで、コンクリートは、1度に打設することができるが、基礎スラブ1用とそれ以外の2度に分けて打設することもできる。   Then, the formwork is assembled at a position covering the outer surface 5a of the protection plate 5 and a position serving as the outer surface 21 of the bundle (2A-2C), and cast-in-place concrete is cast. Here, concrete can be cast at once, but can also be cast separately for the foundation slab 1 and the other two.

基礎スラブ1や束部(2A−2C)にコンクリートが打設されると、溝部511,521に流れ込んだコンクリートが硬化して凸部27,15となる。また、保護板5の側縁51及び下縁52が張り出されてコンクリートが充填されなかった箇所が、切欠部26,14となる。   When concrete is poured into the base slab 1 or the bundle (2A-2C), the concrete flowing into the grooves 511, 521 is hardened and becomes the protrusions 27, 15. The portions where the side edge 51 and the lower edge 52 of the protection plate 5 are protruded and are not filled with the concrete are the cutouts 26 and 14.

コンクリートの養生後に、型枠を撤去し、束部(2A−2C)や基礎スラブ1などの表面に付着しているコンクリートノロなどの汚れや異物を除去する。
そして、束部(2A−2C)の内部側には、束部(2A−2C)に対向させる面の縁部を囲繞するように接着剤が塗布された基礎断熱材4の鉛直部41を貼り付ける。さらに、鉛直部41に隣接して、基礎スラブ1の上面11に貼り付ける水平部42を設置する。また、断熱材3、保護板5及び束部(2A−2C)の上面は、必要に応じて防水シートで覆うことができる。
After the concrete is cured, the form is removed, and dirt and foreign matters such as concrete sticks adhered to the surface of the bundle (2A-2C) and the foundation slab 1 are removed.
The vertical portion 41 of the basic heat insulating material 4 to which an adhesive is applied is attached to the inside of the bundle portion (2A-2C) so as to surround the edge of the surface facing the bundle portion (2A-2C). wear. Further, a horizontal portion 42 to be attached to the upper surface 11 of the base slab 1 is installed adjacent to the vertical portion 41. In addition, the upper surfaces of the heat insulating material 3, the protection plate 5, and the bundle (2A-2C) can be covered with a waterproof sheet as needed.

そして、図1に示すように、束部(2A−2C)の外側面21と基礎スラブ1の側面12と保護板5の外側面5aとに、連続して高弾性樹脂モルタルを塗布して下地層を設け、その上から仕上層となる塗装をして被覆層6を完成させる。なお、被覆層6は、一度塗りで完成させることもできる。   Then, as shown in FIG. 1, a high elastic resin mortar is continuously applied to the outer surface 21 of the bundle portion (2A-2C), the side surface 12 of the base slab 1, and the outer surface 5a of the protection plate 5, and A base layer is provided, and a coating serving as a finishing layer is applied thereon to complete the coating layer 6. In addition, the coating layer 6 can be completed by one coating.

次に、本実施の形態の建物の基礎構造10の作用について説明する。
このように構成された本実施の形態の建物の基礎構造10は、スラブ状に形成された基礎スラブ1の上面11の周縁に沿って間隔を置いて配置された複数の束部(2A−2C)間に、開口を埋めるように板状の断熱材3が配置される。
Next, the operation of the foundation structure 10 of the building according to the present embodiment will be described.
The basic structure 10 of the building of the present embodiment configured as described above has a plurality of bundles (2A-2C) arranged at intervals along the periphery of the upper surface 11 of the base slab 1 formed in a slab shape. In the meantime, a plate-shaped heat insulating material 3 is arranged so as to fill the opening.

そして、断熱材3の外側面3a側に配置される保護板5は、両側縁51,51がそれぞれ束部(2A−2C)の側縁部となる切欠部26を覆うとともに、下縁52が基礎スラブ1の上縁部となる切欠部14を覆うように形成される。   The protective plate 5 arranged on the outer surface 3a side of the heat insulating material 3 has the both side edges 51, 51 respectively covering the cutout portions 26 serving as the side edges of the bundle (2A-2C), and the lower edge 52 having the lower edge 52. The base slab 1 is formed so as to cover the cutout portion 14 serving as an upper edge portion.

このように、保護板5と束部(2A−2C)の側縁部となる切欠部26との間、及び保護板5と基礎スラブ1の上縁部となる切欠部14との間で、重なり合う部分が形成されていれば、高い密着性能を得ることができる。   As described above, between the protection plate 5 and the notch 26 serving as the side edge of the bundle (2A-2C), and between the protection plate 5 and the notch 14 serving as the upper edge of the foundation slab 1, If the overlapping portion is formed, high adhesion performance can be obtained.

特に、保護板5とそれに対向される束部(2A−2C)の切欠部26及び基礎スラブ1の切欠部14とが嵌合構造によって接合されていれば、地震の揺れなどによって水平力が作用しても離れにくくすることができる。   In particular, if the protection plate 5 and the notch 26 of the bundle portion (2A-2C) and the notch 14 of the foundation slab 1 that are opposed to each other are joined by a fitting structure, horizontal force acts due to shaking of the earthquake or the like. Even if it is difficult to separate.

この嵌合構造による密着性能について、試験によって確認した結果を、図5を参照しながら説明する。図5(a)は、試験概念を説明するための図である。試験体Mは、断熱材3の両側に束部2,2を模した構成となっている。そして、束部2,2の作用点M1,M1間に介在させたジャッキ(不図示)を伸長して、作用点M1,M1間が広がるような外力P,Pを水平力として作用させる。   The result of checking the adhesion performance by the fitting structure by a test will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 5A is a diagram for explaining the test concept. The test body M has a configuration imitating the bundles 2 and 2 on both sides of the heat insulating material 3. Then, a jack (not shown) interposed between the application points M1 and M1 of the bundle portions 2 and 2 is extended, and external forces P and P that spread the application points M1 and M1 act as horizontal forces.

ここで、保護板5と束部2の側縁部との嵌合構造の密着性能を確認する試験では、図5(b)に嵌合構造周辺の構成を拡大して示したように、断熱材3の外側面3aと束部2の切欠部26とに跨って、保護板5を取り付ける。   Here, in the test for confirming the adhesion performance of the fitting structure between the protective plate 5 and the side edge of the bundle portion 2, as shown in an enlarged view of the configuration around the fitting structure in FIG. The protection plate 5 is attached across the outer surface 3a of the material 3 and the notch 26 of the bundle 2.

試験を行う嵌合構造は、保護板5に設けられる断面視略V字形の溝部511と、束部2側に設けられる断面視略V字形の凸部27との組み合わせによって構成される。ここで、保護板5の厚みを15mmとし、溝部511の深さ(凸部27の突出量)を6mmとする。   The fitting structure for performing the test is constituted by a combination of a groove portion 511 having a substantially V-shaped cross section provided on the protection plate 5 and a convex portion 27 having a substantially V-shaped cross section provided on the bundle portion 2 side. Here, the thickness of the protection plate 5 is set to 15 mm, and the depth of the groove 511 (the protrusion amount of the projection 27) is set to 6 mm.

図5(c)は、外力Pを作用させた後に、断熱材3と束部2との間に第1剥離S1が始まった状態を示している。この状態では、保護板5の側縁51において、溝部511の最深点から断熱材3側が伸びて伸長部512となるが、保護板5と束部2の切欠部26との付着は保持された状態で、密着性能は低下していない。   FIG. 5C shows a state in which the first peeling S1 has started between the heat insulating material 3 and the bundle 2 after the external force P is applied. In this state, at the side edge 51 of the protection plate 5, the heat insulating material 3 side extends from the deepest point of the groove portion 511 to become an extension portion 512, but the adhesion between the protection plate 5 and the cutout portion 26 of the bundle portion 2 is maintained. In this state, the adhesion performance has not deteriorated.

さらに、外力Pを大きくすると、図5(d)に示したように、第1剥離S1の間隔が広がって、伸長部512の応力が保護板5の引張強度に達すると、溝部511の最深点付近に亀裂513が発生することになる。   When the external force P is further increased, as shown in FIG. 5D, the interval between the first peelings S1 is widened, and when the stress of the elongated portion 512 reaches the tensile strength of the protection plate 5, the deepest point of the groove portion 511 is formed. A crack 513 will be generated in the vicinity.

このような亀裂513が生じるような大きな外力Pが作用すると、保護板5と束部2の切欠部26との間に第2剥離S2が発生することになる。しかしながら、溝部511の最深点より端部(束部2内部側)では、保護板5と束部2の切欠部26とは依然として付着した状態である。要するに、大地震の揺れや外部衝撃などによって大きな水平力が外力Pとして作用して束部2が変形しても、保護板5はその変形に追従できるので、防水性や防蟻性などの密着性能は保持されると言える。   When a large external force P that causes such a crack 513 is applied, the second peeling S2 occurs between the protection plate 5 and the notch 26 of the bundle 2. However, at the end (the inside of the bundle 2) of the groove 511 from the deepest point, the protection plate 5 and the notch 26 of the bundle 2 are still attached. In short, even if the bundle 2 is deformed by a large horizontal force acting as an external force P due to a shaking of a large earthquake, an external impact, or the like, the protection plate 5 can follow the deformation, so that the protection plate 5 can adhere to the waterproof and termite-proof properties. It can be said that performance is maintained.

また、保護板5が防蟻断熱材であれば、白蟻などが保護板5の内部に蟻道を設けることを防ぐことができるので、保護板5の側縁51や下縁52などの縁部において密着性能が保持されていれば、基礎構造内への白蟻の侵入を効果的に防ぐことができる。なお、掘り下げ基礎のように保護板が地中に埋設されない場合は、防蟻断熱材を使用しなくてもよい。   If the protection plate 5 is made of a heat-insulating material, termites can be prevented from being provided inside the protection plate 5 by termites. In this case, if the adhesion performance is maintained, the invasion of termites into the basic structure can be effectively prevented. When the protection plate is not buried in the ground like a digging foundation, it is not necessary to use a termite heat insulating material.

また、束部(2A−2C)の外側面21と保護板5の外側面5aとが面一に形成されていれば、これらに跨る外装材などが設けやすくなるので、外装の意匠性を高めることが自由にできる。   Further, if the outer surface 21 of the bundle portion (2A-2C) and the outer surface 5a of the protective plate 5 are formed to be flush with each other, it becomes easier to provide an exterior material that straddles them, so that the design of the exterior is improved. You can do it freely.

また、基礎スラブ1の側面12側に突出部が発生しないので、外装パネルなどを使用する必要がなく、高い意匠性を保ちつつコスト削減を図ることを、制約の少ない中で自由に行うことができる。   Further, since no projecting portion is generated on the side surface 12 side of the base slab 1, there is no need to use an exterior panel or the like, and it is possible to freely reduce costs while maintaining high designability with few restrictions. it can.

そして、基礎スラブ1の側面12並びに束部(2A−2C)の外側面21及び保護板5の外側面5aに連続した被覆層6が設けられるのであれば、連続性と一体感のある外装の意匠を創出することが容易にできる。また、束部(2A−2C)の内部側に基礎断熱材4を配置することで、より断熱性能の高い基礎構造とすることができる。   Then, if a continuous coating layer 6 is provided on the side surface 12 of the base slab 1, the outer surface 21 of the bundle portion (2A-2C), and the outer surface 5a of the protection plate 5, an exterior having continuity and a sense of unity is provided. It is easy to create designs. In addition, by disposing the basic heat insulating material 4 inside the bundle (2A-2C), a basic structure having higher heat insulating performance can be obtained.

以上、図面を参照して、本発明の実施の形態を詳述してきたが、具体的な構成は、この実施の形態に限らず、本発明の要旨を逸脱しない程度の設計的変更は、本発明に含まれる。   Although the embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the drawings, the specific configuration is not limited to this embodiment, and design changes that do not depart from the gist of the present invention may be made in the present invention. Included in the invention.

例えば、前記実施の形態では、現場打ちコンクリートによって構築する束部(2A−2C)を例に説明したが、これに限定されるものではなく、基礎スラブ1の周縁に沿って間隔を置いてプレキャスト製の束部を設置する構成であってもよい。   For example, in the above-described embodiment, the bundle portion (2A-2C) constructed by cast-in-place concrete has been described as an example. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the precast is performed at intervals along the periphery of the foundation slab 1. A configuration in which a bundle made of steel is installed may be used.

また、前記実施の形態では、保護板5をV字形の凹凸嵌合によって束部(2A−2C)などに接合させる場合について説明したが、これに限定されるものではない。例えば保護板の縁部に穴を穿孔しておいて、その穴にコンクリートを充填することで凹凸嵌合を形成することができる。さらには、保護板の縁部に、束部(2A−2C)などのコンクリート充填側に突出するビスなどを突き刺しておくことで、保護板を束部などに接合させることができる。   Further, in the above-described embodiment, the case where the protection plate 5 is joined to the bundle portion (2A-2C) or the like by V-shaped concave and convex fitting is described, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, it is possible to form a concave-convex fit by forming a hole in the edge of the protective plate and filling the hole with concrete. Furthermore, by inserting a screw or the like protruding toward the concrete filling side such as the bundle (2A-2C) into the edge of the protective plate, the protective plate can be joined to the bundle or the like.

10 :建物の基礎構造
1 :基礎スラブ(底板部)
11 :上面
12 :側面
14 :切欠部(上縁部)
15 :凸部
2A :コーナー束部(束部)
2B :中間束部(束部)
2C :T型束部(束部)
21 :外側面
26 :切欠部(側縁部)
27 :凸部
3 :断熱材
3a :外側面
4 :基礎断熱材
5 :保護板
5a :外側面
51 :側縁
511 :溝部
52 :下縁
521 :溝部
6 :被覆層
10: Basic structure of building 1: Basic slab (bottom plate)
11: Top surface 12: Side surface 14: Notch (upper edge)
15: convex part 2A: corner bundle part (bundle part)
2B: Intermediate bundle part (bundle part)
2C: T-shaped bundle (bundle)
21: Outside surface 26: Notch (side edge)
27: convex portion 3: heat insulating material 3a: outer surface 4: basic heat insulating material 5: protective plate 5a: outer surface 51: side edge 511: groove portion 52: lower edge 521: groove portion 6: coating layer

Claims (7)

コンクリートで構築される建物の基礎構造であって、
スラブ状に形成された底板部と、
前記底板部の上面の周縁に沿って間隔を置いて配置された複数の束部と、
前記束部間の開口を埋めるように配置される板状の断熱材と、
前記断熱材の外側面側に配置される保護板とを備え、
前記保護板は、両側縁がそれぞれ前記束部の側縁部を覆うとともに、下縁が前記底板部の上縁部を覆うことを特徴とする建物の基礎構造。
The foundation structure of a building constructed of concrete,
A bottom plate formed in a slab shape,
A plurality of bundles arranged at intervals along the periphery of the upper surface of the bottom plate,
A plate-shaped heat insulating material arranged to fill the opening between the bundles,
A protective plate disposed on the outer surface side of the heat insulating material,
The basic structure of a building, wherein both sides of the protection plate cover side edges of the bundle, and a lower edge covers an upper edge of the bottom plate.
前記束部の外側面と前記保護板の外側面とが、面一に形成されることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の建物の基礎構造。   The foundation structure of a building according to claim 1, wherein an outer surface of the bundle portion and an outer surface of the protection plate are formed flush with each other. 前記保護板は、防蟻断熱材であることを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の建物の基礎構造。   The basic structure of a building according to claim 1, wherein the protection plate is a termite heat insulating material. 前記保護板と、それに対向される前記束部の前記側縁部及び前記底板部の前記上縁部とが、嵌合構造によって接合されていることを特徴とする請求項1乃至3のいずれか1項に記載の建物の基礎構造。   The said protection plate, The said side edge part of the said bundle part opposed to it, and the said upper edge part of the said bottom plate part are joined by the fitting structure, The Claim 1 characterized by the above-mentioned. The foundation structure of the building according to item 1. 前記嵌合構造は、前記保護板に設けられる断面視略V字形の溝部と、前記束部側に設けられる断面視略V字形の凸部とによって形成されることを特徴とする請求項4に記載の建物の基礎構造。   5. The fitting structure according to claim 4, wherein the fitting structure is formed by a substantially V-shaped cross-section groove provided on the protection plate and a substantially V-shaped cross-section projection provided on the bundle portion side. Foundation structure of the stated building. 前記底板部の側面並びに前記束部及び前記保護板の外側面に、連続した被覆層が設けられることを特徴とする請求項1乃至5のいずれか1項に記載の建物の基礎構造。   The foundation structure of a building according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a continuous covering layer is provided on a side surface of the bottom plate portion and outer surfaces of the bundle portion and the protection plate. 前記束部の内部側に基礎断熱材が配置されることを特徴とする請求項1乃至6のいずれか1項に記載の建物の基礎構造。   The basic structure of a building according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein a basic heat insulating material is disposed inside the bundle.
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JPH09328862A (en) * 1996-06-10 1997-12-22 Kanegafuchi Chem Ind Co Ltd Composite panel material for construction
JPH11236736A (en) * 1997-12-17 1999-08-31 Jsp Corp Termite preventive material consisting of polycarbonate resin foam
JP2004131965A (en) * 2002-10-08 2004-04-30 Sumitomo Metal Steel Products Inc Continuous footing
JP2006226023A (en) * 2005-02-18 2006-08-31 Yutaka Shimizu Foundation packing, installation method for foundation packing, and foundation structure
JP2006322280A (en) * 2005-05-20 2006-11-30 Sekisui Chem Co Ltd Foundation with decorative panel and building
JP2008208544A (en) * 2007-02-23 2008-09-11 Kubota Matsushitadenko Exterior Works Ltd Foundation heat-insulated structure
JP2010084357A (en) * 2008-09-30 2010-04-15 Tma Corp Pty Ltd Termite prevention structure of building and construction method for termite prevention of foundation of building
JP2018035530A (en) * 2016-08-30 2018-03-08 積水化学工業株式会社 Building foundation structure

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH09328862A (en) * 1996-06-10 1997-12-22 Kanegafuchi Chem Ind Co Ltd Composite panel material for construction
JPH11236736A (en) * 1997-12-17 1999-08-31 Jsp Corp Termite preventive material consisting of polycarbonate resin foam
JP2004131965A (en) * 2002-10-08 2004-04-30 Sumitomo Metal Steel Products Inc Continuous footing
JP2006226023A (en) * 2005-02-18 2006-08-31 Yutaka Shimizu Foundation packing, installation method for foundation packing, and foundation structure
JP2006322280A (en) * 2005-05-20 2006-11-30 Sekisui Chem Co Ltd Foundation with decorative panel and building
JP2008208544A (en) * 2007-02-23 2008-09-11 Kubota Matsushitadenko Exterior Works Ltd Foundation heat-insulated structure
JP2010084357A (en) * 2008-09-30 2010-04-15 Tma Corp Pty Ltd Termite prevention structure of building and construction method for termite prevention of foundation of building
JP2018035530A (en) * 2016-08-30 2018-03-08 積水化学工業株式会社 Building foundation structure

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