JP2020013373A - Vehicle maintenance management system and vehicle maintenance management method - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a vehicle maintenance management system and vehicle maintenance management method for instructing performance of maintenance at appropriate timing in consideration of a demand/supply state with respect to a vehicle.SOLUTION: A vehicle maintenance management system includes: a use information acquisition section 106 for acquiring use information of a vehicle; a maintenance necessity level estimation section 107 for estimating a maintenance necessity level of a vehicle; a demand/supply information acquisition section 110 for acquiring demand information and/or supply information of a use of a vehicle; a determination section 108 for determining whether a maintenance necessity level reaches a predetermined threshold; a threshold setting section 111 for setting a predetermined threshold to be relatively higher when a demand of a use of a vehicle is relatively higher on the basis of demand information and/or when a supply with respect to a demand of a use of a vehicle is relatively lower on the basis of supply information acquired by the demand/supply information acquisition section; and a maintenance instruction section 109 for instructing performance of maintenance of a vehicle when the determination section determines that a maintenance necessity level reaches the predetermined threshold set by the threshold setting section.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a vehicle maintenance management system and a vehicle maintenance management method.

  In order to systematically supply power from the battery, when the remaining battery level of the autonomously movable battery falls below a predetermined threshold, the battery is instructed to move to a charging station, and the maintenance of charging is performed. Is known. (Patent Document 1).

Japanese Patent No. 6050909

  However, in the above-described conventional battery control system, since a threshold for performing maintenance such as charging is predetermined, there is a high demand from users, such as provision of a transportation service, and there is a margin for responding to supply to the demand. Even for a certain vehicle (a vehicle that can satisfy the supply and demand situation), for example, a vehicle having a remaining fuel or remaining battery, maintenance is instructed uniformly when a predetermined threshold is exceeded. For this reason, there is a problem in that service cannot be provided during a certain period of time during which maintenance is performed, and the opportunity to provide a transport service or the like is lost.

  The problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a vehicle maintenance management system and a vehicle maintenance management method that instruct maintenance execution at an appropriate timing in consideration of the supply and demand situation of the vehicle.

  The present invention obtains vehicle usage information and vehicle supply / demand information, estimates the necessity of vehicle maintenance based on vehicle usage information, and determines whether the demand for vehicle usage is relatively high and / or When the supply to the demand for use is relatively low, the predetermined threshold for determining the maintenance necessity is set relatively high, and the maintenance necessity reaches the predetermined threshold in consideration of the supply and demand situation of the vehicle. When it is determined that the vehicle maintenance is performed, the above problem is solved.

  According to the present invention, maintenance can be instructed at an appropriate timing in consideration of the supply and demand situation of the vehicle.

It is a block diagram showing one embodiment of a vehicle maintenance management system of the present invention. 3 is a flowchart illustrating an example of a vehicle maintenance management process executed by the server in FIG. 1. 3 is a graph illustrating an example of a maintenance necessity threshold (vehicle cleaning maintenance) used in the determination unit of FIG. 1 and illustrating a relationship between vehicle maintenance necessity and time. 4 is a graph illustrating a relationship between a vehicle maintenance necessity and time, illustrating another example of a maintenance necessity threshold (vehicle tire replacement maintenance) used in the determination unit of FIG. 1. 4 is a graph illustrating a relationship between a vehicle maintenance necessity and time, illustrating another example of a maintenance necessity threshold used in the determination unit of FIG. 1 (vehicle traveling energy supply maintenance). 3 is a flowchart showing a subroutine of step S2 in FIG. 2 is a data sheet showing an example of member information registered in the vehicle information database of FIG.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing one embodiment of a vehicle maintenance management system S of the present invention. The vehicle maintenance management system S of the present embodiment is also a system that uses the vehicle maintenance management method according to the present invention. The vehicle maintenance management system S of the present embodiment is a preferable system to be applied when at least one vehicle 2 is used by one or more users (users). Use services such as car sharing, such as driving and using by yourself, services in which one or more users are transported to the destination using a vehicle driven by a driver, or using unmanned vehicles in which the driver does not ride The present invention can be applied to a service for transporting one or more users to a destination.

  In addition to such commercial vehicles, periodic cleaning and replenishment of running energy (fuel replenishment or replenishment) are performed on vehicles owned by individuals (so-called private vehicles) and vehicles owned by companies (so-called company vehicles). The present invention can also be applied to a service that provides charging (charging), component replacement (replacement of tires, batteries, various oils, and the like), and software update (version upgrade and the like) of the onboard computer. In short, the system is provided with a function of notifying various vehicles of the timing of the maintenance and actually performing the maintenance. The embodiment described below is an example in which the present invention is applied to a service in which one or more users are transported to a destination using an unmanned driving vehicle in which a driver does not ride. The vehicle maintenance management system S of the present embodiment includes a server 1, a vehicle 2, and a user terminal 3. Hereinafter, each configuration will be described.

<< Server 1 >>
The server 1 is composed of one or more computers (hardware including a CPU, a ROM, a RAM, etc., on which software for realizing functions to be described later is installed). And is a programmable server that performs various processes. The details of the configuration method of the server 1 are not particularly limited, and a general server may be used. The server 1 includes a vehicle information database 101, a map database 102, a vehicle request management unit 103, a vehicle planning unit 104, a vehicle reservation unit 105, a use information acquisition unit 106, a maintenance necessity estimation unit 107, a determination unit 108, and a maintenance instruction unit. 109, a supply and demand information acquisition unit 110 and a threshold setting unit 111. Among these units, the vehicle information database 101 and the map database 102 are configured by storage devices, and include other vehicle request management units 103, vehicle planning units 104, vehicle reservation units 105, usage information acquisition units 106, and maintenance necessity estimation. Each function of the unit 107, the determination unit 108, the maintenance instruction unit 109, the supply and demand information acquisition unit 110, and the threshold setting unit 111 is realized by software installed in the server 1.

  The vehicle information database 101 is a database that stores dynamic vehicle information transmitted at predetermined time intervals from the vehicle information transmission unit 23 of the vehicle 2 in addition to the vehicle type, vehicle registration date, and other static information that are known in advance. It is. As will be described later, since there are a plurality of vehicles 2, information on all vehicles existing in a predetermined service area is stored here. The vehicle information includes position information of the vehicle 2, vehicle orientation, vehicle speed, door lock and door opening / closing state, seat belt sensor values, various vehicle states such as whether or not automatic driving is in progress, use period of the vehicle 2, use of the vehicle 2 The number of times, the riding distance of the vehicle 2, the remaining running energy of the vehicle 2 (fuel remaining for an engine vehicle, remaining battery for an electric vehicle, remaining fuel and / or battery for a hybrid vehicle), Life of various parts of the vehicle 2, software update information of a computer (ECU, etc.) mounted on the vehicle 2, total number of occupants of the vehicle 2 for each maintenance, characteristics of users of the vehicle 2 (whether or not they like beautifully) , The travel area of the vehicle 2 and the weather when the vehicle 2 is used. In addition, information on remote monitoring of unmanned automatic driving, such as whether or not a vehicle request can be received, whether or not maintenance is being performed, whether or not maintenance is in progress, whether or not passengers have arrived, and whether or not they have arrived at the destination for transportation instructions, are also the same vehicle. Is stored in association with the ID of the user.

  The map database 102 includes, in addition to a so-called navigation map including road link information on which the vehicle 2 can travel, information on a place where the user can get on and off, a refueling and / or charging place, and a waiting place of the vehicle 2. In addition, it may include pedestrian road link information for calculating a route on which the user walks.

  The vehicle request management unit 103 receives the use request information of the vehicle 2 from the user terminal 3 and outputs the use request information of the vehicle 2 to the vehicle planning unit 104. Further, it inputs the use request result information for the use request information from the vehicle planning unit 104 and transmits the use request result information to the user terminal 3.

  The vehicle planning unit 104 calculates the vehicle allocation plan information of the vehicle 2 using the usage request information of the vehicle 2 output from the vehicle request management unit 103 and the vehicle information stored in the vehicle information database 101. The vehicle allocation plan information of the vehicle 2 is output to the vehicle request management unit 103 and the vehicle reservation unit 105. Here, a method of calculating the vehicle allocation plan information of the vehicle 2 will be described. First, the position information of the departure point and the destination point included in the use request information of the vehicle 2 and the position information of the getting on / off place included in the map database 102 are used. Then, the nearest getting on / off place is determined as the getting on / off place, respectively. Next, among all the vehicles 2 that can receive the use request information of the vehicle 2, the vehicle 2 closest to the boarding place is determined as the assigned vehicle. The method of calculating the vehicle allocation plan information of the vehicle 2 is not particularly limited, and another method other than the above may be used.

  The vehicle reservation unit 105 uses the vehicle allocation plan information of the vehicle 2 output from the vehicle planning unit 104 and the vehicle information included in the vehicle information database 101, to a traveling route to a point where the user can be loaded, and to a point where the user can be dropped off. Is calculated and added to the information required for operating other unmanned self-driving vehicles, and transmitted to the server information receiving unit 24 of the vehicle 2.

  The usage information acquisition unit 106 determines the last maintenance associated with the vehicle ID of the vehicle 2 from the vehicle information of the vehicle 2 stored in the vehicle information database 101 with respect to the vehicle 2 assigned to the usage request information of the user. (Hereinafter, also referred to as the last maintenance date and time) at which the operation was performed. Regarding the final maintenance date and time acquired here, the date and time of cleaning (only the car wash outside the vehicle compartment, only the interior of the vehicle interior, or the date and time of cleaning both the exterior and interior of the vehicle interior) and the supply of travel energy are performed. One or more pieces of information may be included, such as the date and time when a component was replaced (replacement of tires, batteries, various oils, etc.), and the date and time when software of an in-vehicle computer was updated (such as an upgrade). If there is a terminal device capable of accessing the vehicle information database 101, the last maintenance date and time is directly input by a person in charge of maintenance or a person in charge of remote monitoring who has obtained information from the person in charge of maintenance. Alternatively, maintenance may be input by a terminal device mounted on the vehicle 2 and stored in the vehicle information database 101 from the vehicle information transmitting unit 23. In the present embodiment, the maintenance necessity of the vehicle 2 up to the present is estimated from the last maintenance date and time. However, the maintenance is calculated from a reference date different from the last maintenance date and time, for example, the initial registration date of the vehicle 2. The maintenance necessity of the vehicle 2 up to the present may be estimated by reducing the maintenance necessity every time the operation is performed.

  The maintenance necessity estimating unit 107 estimates the maintenance necessity of the vehicle 2 based on the usage information of the vehicle. More specifically, the maintenance necessity of the vehicle 2 is estimated based on the usage information of the vehicle 2 from the last maintenance date and time acquired by the usage information acquisition unit 106 to the present. In this embodiment, as the substitute characteristics of the usage information of the vehicle 2, in the present embodiment, the time at which the user gets on the vehicle 2, the distance at which the user gets on the vehicle 2, the number of times the user gets on the vehicle 2, and the remaining running energy ( The remaining value of the fuel or the remaining amount of the battery, the life information of the used parts, the software update information, or an integrated value of a combination of two or more thereof is used. A specific example of the maintenance necessity estimation method will be described later.

  The determining unit 108 determines whether the maintenance necessity estimated by the maintenance necessity estimating unit 107 exceeds a threshold set by a threshold setting unit 111 described later. If the maintenance necessity estimated by the maintenance necessity estimating unit 107 exceeds the threshold, it is determined that the vehicle 2 needs maintenance, and the maintenance necessity estimated by the maintenance necessity estimating unit 107 is required. If the degree does not exceed the threshold, it is determined that the vehicle 2 does not require maintenance.

  The supply-and-demand information obtaining unit 110 determines, for each vehicle or each vehicle existing in a predetermined area (for example, within a radius of 500 m of the area where the service is deployed), how much demand is being generated for the provided service. To get. For example, the number of reservations for the latest one hour and the maximum number of reservations for the past hour are acquired from the vehicle planning unit 104, and the value obtained by dividing the number of reservations for the latest one hour by the maximum number of reservations for the past hour is calculated as demand. Quantify the situation.

  Further, the supply and demand information acquisition unit 110 determines, for each vehicle or each vehicle existing within a predetermined area (for example, within a radius of 500 m of the area where the service is deployed), how much supply of the provided service is achieved. Get status. For example, the vehicle planning unit 104 obtains the current service supply number and the past maximum service supply number of the vehicle 2 in the area where the service is deployed, and calculates the current service supply number by the past maximum service supply number. The divided value is quantified as the supply status.

  Further, the supply and demand information acquisition unit 110 determines how much supply to demand for the provided service is for each vehicle or for each vehicle existing within a predetermined area (for example, within a radius of 500 m of the area where the service is deployed). Or get the situation. For example, a value obtained by obtaining the current reserved number and the current service supply number of the vehicle 2 in the area where the service is deployed from the vehicle planning unit 104, and dividing the current service supply number by the current reservation number. (The so-called supply and demand rate) is quantified as the supply and demand situation.

  The threshold setting unit 111 sets a threshold in the determination unit 108 using the digitized demand status, supply status, or supply / demand status acquired by the demand / supply information acquisition unit 110. The threshold setting unit 111 sets a threshold as a criterion for determining whether or not the maintenance necessity estimated by the maintenance necessity estimating unit 107 has reached the timing at which maintenance is required in the determining unit 108. Have an initial value arbitrarily set in advance. Then, by taking into account the demand situation, supply situation or supply / demand situation acquired by the demand / supply information acquisition unit 110 with respect to this initial value, it is determined whether to keep the threshold value as it is or to make the threshold value relatively high. Set an appropriate threshold.

  For example, when the value obtained by dividing the latest one-hour reservation number by the maximum one-hour reservation number in the past one hour is less than, for example, 50% for the demand situation of each vehicle or each vehicle existing in a predetermined area, the demand is reduced. While the threshold is determined to be small and the threshold is maintained at the initial value, if the value obtained by dividing the latest one-hour reservation number by the past one-hour maximum reservation number is, for example, 50% or more, it is determined that the demand is large. Then, the threshold is changed to a value higher than the initial value, that is, a direction in which an instruction to perform maintenance is not issued.

  If the value obtained by dividing the current service supply number by the past maximum service supply number is, for example, 80% or more for the supply status of each vehicle or each vehicle existing in a predetermined area, the supply is sufficient. If the value is obtained by dividing the current service supply number by the past maximum service supply number, for example, is less than 80%, it is determined that the supply is not sufficient. Then, the threshold is changed to a value higher than the initial value, that is, a direction in which an instruction to perform maintenance is not issued.

  Furthermore, regarding the supply and demand situation for each vehicle or each vehicle existing in a predetermined area, if the value obtained by dividing the current number of service supplies by the current number of reservations (demand rate) is 90% or more, for example, the demand When the supply is determined to be sufficient and the threshold is maintained at the initial value, while the value obtained by dividing the current service supply number by the current reservation number (demand rate) is less than 90%, for example, the demand It is determined that the supply is not sufficient, and the threshold value is changed to a value higher than the initial value, that is, a direction in which a maintenance execution instruction is not issued. The specific numerical values 50%, 80%, and 90% described above are merely examples, and the administrator or the like of the vehicle maintenance management system S according to the present embodiment can arbitrarily set the values based on empirical rules, service provision policies, and the like. Is a value that can be set to

  FIGS. 3 to 5 are graphs illustrating an example of the maintenance necessity level of the vehicle and the time, illustrating an example of the maintenance necessity threshold value set by the threshold value setting unit 111 and used by the determination unit 108. FIG. 3 exemplifies cleaning maintenance of the vehicle 2, FIG. 3 exemplifies maintenance of tire replacement of the vehicle, and FIG. 5 exemplifies maintenance of supply of running energy of the vehicle. Examples provided with the threshold setting unit 111 of the present embodiment are shown, and the lower figures in each figure show comparative examples without the threshold setting unit 111 of the present embodiment.

An example of the cleaning maintenance of the vehicle 2 shown in FIG. 3 is an example in which the riding time on the vehicle 2 (the riding time from the last cleaning date and time to the present time) is adopted as a substitute value of the maintenance necessity. The cleaning maintenance timing t ₀ is uniquely determined by a predetermined normal cleaning maintenance threshold T ₀ , and when the riding time from the last cleaning date to the present reaches the normal cleaning maintenance threshold T ₀ , At that time becomes the timing t ₀ of cleaning maintenance. In contrast, in the embodiment shown in the figure, between the comparative example as well as while the threshold T ₀ of the normal cleaning maintenance is set, which ride time than longer service reserve capacity limit value T _max , A cleaning maintenance threshold T ₁ (T ₀ ≦ T ₁ ≦ T _max ) in consideration of the supply and demand situation is set. Here, the service remaining capacity limit value T _max is a limit at which, when providing a transport service using an unmanned vehicle, the cleanliness of the vehicle 2 is reduced and the transport service quality cannot be satisfied during a longer ride time. Value. The service remaining power limit value T _max is set to an arbitrary value by a provider of a transport service for unmanned driving vehicles.

Then, thresholds T ₁ cleaning maintenance in consideration of the supply and demand situation that is set by the threshold setting unit 111, a threshold T ₀ of the normal cleaning maintenance is boarding time than this between the long service margin limit T _max Is set. For example, when the above-mentioned demand situation of the vehicle 2 is obtained from a value obtained by dividing the number of reservations for the latest one hour by the number of past reservations for one hour, the numerical value of the demand situation is between 0 and 1 when the upper limit is 1. Value. Therefore, the value between the threshold value T ₀ of the normal cleaning maintenance and the service margin limit value T _{max for} which the riding time is longer than this is set from 0 to 1, and a value corresponding to the numerical value of the demand situation is taken into account in consideration of the supply and demand situation. may be thresholds T ₁ cleaning maintenance was. For example, when the value obtained by dividing the number of reservations for the latest one hour by the highest number of reservations for one hour is 0, the number of reservations for the latest one hour is zero, and the demand is not high. instructing cleaning maintenance at the same time t ₁ with a threshold value T ₀ cleaning maintenance. On the other hand, if the value obtained by dividing the latest one-hour reservation count by the one-hour past maximum reservation count is 1, the latest one-hour reservation count is the same as the one-hour past maximum reservation count. since There is a very high availability, until it reaches the service available capacity limit T _max continued transport service, instructs the cleaning maintenance time t ₁ has reached the service reserve capacity limit T _max.

An example of the tire replacement maintenance of the vehicle 2 shown in FIG. 4 is an example in which the travel distance of the vehicle 2 (the travel distance from the last tire replacement date and time to the present time) is used as a substitute value of the maintenance necessity, and a comparative example shown in the following figure. Then, the timing t ₀ of the tire replacement maintenance is uniquely determined by a predetermined normal tire replacement maintenance threshold T ₀ , and the traveling distance from the last tire replacement date and time to the present time is the normal tire replacement maintenance threshold T 0. when ₀ is reached, the time becomes the timing t ₀ of tire replacement maintenance. In contrast, in the embodiment shown in the figure, between the comparative example as well as while the threshold T ₀ of the normal tire changing maintenance is set, than this travel distance is also longer service reserve capacity limit value T _max The threshold value T ₁ (T ₀ ≦ T ₁ ≦ T _max ) of the tire replacement maintenance in consideration of the supply and demand situation is set. Here, the service remaining capacity limit value T _max is a limit value at which the performance of the tire is reduced and the quality of the transport service cannot be satisfied at a mileage longer than that in providing a transport service by an unmanned vehicle. Say. The service remaining power limit value T _max is set to an arbitrary value by a provider of a transport service for unmanned driving vehicles.

Then, the threshold T ₁ of the tires maintenance in consideration of the supply and demand situation that is set by the threshold setting unit 111, a threshold T ₀ of the normal tire changing maintenance, than the running distance also is this with long service margin limit T _max Set between. For example, when the above-mentioned demand situation of the vehicle 2 is obtained from a value obtained by dividing the number of reservations for the latest one hour by the number of past reservations for one hour, the numerical value of the demand situation is between 0 and 1 when the upper limit is 1. Value. Therefore, the value between the normal tire replacement maintenance threshold value T ₀ and the service remaining power limit value T _max having a longer mileage is set from 0 to 1 and a value corresponding to the numerical value of the demand situation is changed. it is possible to the threshold value T ₁ of the consideration of the tire replacement maintenance. For example, when the value obtained by dividing the number of reservations for the latest one hour by the highest number of reservations for one hour is 0, the number of reservations for the latest one hour is zero, and the demand is not high. to indicate the tire exchange maintenance at the same time t ₁ with a threshold value T ₀ of the tire replacement maintenance. On the other hand, if the value obtained by dividing the latest one-hour reservation count by the one-hour past maximum reservation count is 1, the latest one-hour reservation count is the same as the one-hour past maximum reservation count. There because it is very high status, until it reaches the service available capacity limit T _max continued transport service, instructs the tires maintenance timing t ₁ has reached the service reserve capacity limit T _max.

An example of the traveling energy replenishment maintenance (refers to refueling or charging gasoline or the like) of the vehicle 2 shown in FIG. in a value obtained by dividing, in the case of an electric vehicle is an example of adopting the value obtained by dividing) at the electricity cost SOC, in the comparative example shown below, the timing t ₀ of running energy supply maintenance, normal replenishment maintenance predetermined is the uniquely determined by the threshold T _0, travelable distance reaches the threshold T ₀ of a normal replenishment maintenance, the time becomes the timing t ₀ of running energy supply maintenance. On the other hand, in the embodiment shown in the above figure, the threshold value T ₀ of the normal replenishment maintenance is set as in the comparative example, but the threshold value T ₀ is less than the service remaining power limit value T _{max in} which the mileage is shorter than this. , A threshold value T ₁ (T _max ≦ T ₁ ≦ T ₀ ) of the replenishment maintenance considering the supply and demand situation is set. Here, the service remaining capacity limit value T _max is a limit value at which the transportation service by an unmanned vehicle is provided and the fuel or battery capacity is lost at a mileage less than this and the transportation service quality cannot be satisfied. Say. The service remaining power limit value T _max is set to an arbitrary value by a provider of a transport service for unmanned driving vehicles.

Then, the threshold T ₁ of the replenishment maintenance in consideration of the supply and demand situation that is set by the threshold setting unit 111, between the threshold value T ₀ of a normal replenishment maintenance travelable distance than this short service margin limit T _max Is set to For example, when the above-mentioned demand situation of the vehicle 2 is obtained from a value obtained by dividing the number of reservations for the latest one hour by the number of past reservations for one hour, the numerical value of the demand situation is between 0 and 1 when the upper limit is 1. Value. Therefore, a value between the threshold value T ₀ of the normal replenishment maintenance and the service margin limit value T _max having a shorter mileage than this is set from 0 to 1, and the value corresponding to the numerical value of the demand situation is changed to the demand / supply situation. it can be the threshold T ₁ of the consideration to supply maintenance. For example, when the value obtained by dividing the number of reservations for the latest one hour by the highest number of reservations for one hour is 0, the number of reservations for the latest one hour is zero, and the demand is not high. instructing running energy supply maintenance at the same time t ₁ with a threshold value T ₀ of the supply maintenance. On the other hand, if the value obtained by dividing the latest one-hour reservation count by the one-hour past maximum reservation count is 1, the latest one-hour reservation count is the same as the one-hour past maximum reservation count. since There is a very high availability, until it reaches the service available capacity limit T _max continued transport service, it instructs the running energy supply maintenance timing t ₁ has reached the service reserve capacity limit T _max.

  Returning to FIG. 1, when the determination unit 108 determines that the maintenance of the vehicle 2 is necessary, the maintenance instruction unit 109 instructs or notifies that fact. Although not particularly limited, the instruction destination or the notification destination of the maintenance instruction unit 109 includes a transport service providing company or a person in charge thereof, a company performing maintenance or a person in charge thereof, a robot, and the like. The instruction or notification method by the maintenance instruction unit 109 is a method capable of visual or auditory recognition, for example, display on a display, lighting of a display provided at a predetermined position of the vehicle 2, instruction or notification by sound including sound, and the like. Is mentioned.

  Note that when the determination unit 108 determines that the vehicle 2 needs to be cleaned, maintenance of the vehicle 2 may be automatically performed. Specifically, the maintenance instruction unit 109 calculates a traveling route from the current position to the maintenance location with reference to the map database 102, and transmits the traveling route to the vehicle 2 with an unmanned automatic driving function. The vehicle 2 inputs the traveling route transmitted from the maintenance instruction unit 109 to the traveling control unit 25 via the server information receiving unit 24, travels to the maintenance location using the automatic driving function, and automatically receives the vehicle 2 Maintenance may be performed.

  For example, the cleaning of the vehicle 2 can be performed using an automatic car wash machine including a car wash robot for cleaning the outside of the vehicle compartment, or can be automatically performed using a cleaning robot for cleaning the interior of the vehicle compartment. Alternatively, the vehicle may travel to the cleaning location using the automatic driving function and stop at the predetermined cleaning location, so that the cleaning staff of the cleaning company may clean the vehicle 2. Alternatively or additionally, cleaning of the vehicle 2 includes injecting a window washer of the vehicle 2 to operate a wiper to clean a front window, a rear window, and / or a headlamp. .

《Vehicles》
The vehicle 2 is a service vehicle provided in response to a use request (request) from a user. In the present embodiment, it is assumed that a plurality of vehicles 2 are arranged in an area where the service is deployed. However, as described above, this does not exclude non-service vehicles such as private cars and company cars. The vehicle 2 includes a vehicle position calculation unit 21, a vehicle state detection unit 22, a vehicle information transmission unit 23, a server information reception unit 24, and a travel control unit 25.

  The vehicle position calculator 21 calculates the position of the vehicle 2 and outputs the calculated position to the vehicle information transmitter 23. The vehicle position calculation unit 21 is, for example, an ECU connected to a GPS / INS sensor, and outputs the latitude / longitude position information output from the GPS / INS sensor at regular intervals (for example, 100 msec). The method of calculating the position information is not particularly limited. For example, another method capable of specifying a position, such as map matching based on map data, may be used.

  The vehicle state detection unit 22 is capable of receiving usage request information to the vehicle 2 including various vehicle states such as a vehicle speed, a door lock and a door open / close state, a seat belt sensor value, and whether or not automatic driving is being performed. No, information on remote monitoring of unmanned automatic driving, such as whether or not the vehicle is being cleaned, whether or not there are passengers and the number of passengers, and whether or not the vehicle has arrived at the destination of the movement instruction, is also detected and output to the vehicle information transmitting unit 23.

  The vehicle information transmitting unit 23 is an in-vehicle device having a mobile communication function of, for example, 4G / LTE, and transmits information output from the vehicle position calculating unit 21 and the vehicle state detecting unit 22 by CAN, LAN, or the like for a certain period of time (for example, Every 100 msec), the data is transmitted to the vehicle information database 101 of the server 1.

  The server information receiving unit 24 is, for example, an in-vehicle device provided with a 4G / LTE mobile communication function. The server information receiving unit 24 transmits a route to a standby place and a point on which a user is to be loaded, transmitted from the vehicle reservation unit 105 and the maintenance instruction unit 109 of the server 1. It receives information necessary for operating an unmanned automatic driving vehicle, including various driving routes such as a driving route to a cleaning place and a driving route to a cleaning place.

  The traveling control unit 25 is a controller that automatically controls a traveling drive source (engine and / or motor) of the vehicle 2, a steering mechanism, a braking mechanism, various electric devices including a direction indicator and a wiper, and a vehicle reservation unit of the server 1. In order to operate various unmanned automatic driving vehicles including various driving routes, such as a route to a waiting place, a driving route to a place where a user is loaded, a driving route to a cleaning place, etc., transmitted from the maintenance instruction unit 105 and the maintenance instruction unit 109. And automatically controls the traveling drive source, the steering mechanism, the braking mechanism, and various electric devices of the vehicle 2 based on the necessary information.

《User terminal》
The user terminal 3 is a terminal device used by a user who desires a transport service to make a use request, and is, for example, a portable terminal device such as a smart phone. The server 1 is accessed via a telecommunications network such as / LTE or WiFi (registered trademark). In addition, the user terminal 3 is not particularly limited, and may use other mounting methods other than the above-described means, such as making a use request from a personal computer mounted as WEB application software via the Internet.

  Based on the input by the user, the use request information of the vehicle 2 described below is transmitted to the vehicle request management unit 103. Further, it receives usage request result information for the usage request information from the vehicle request management unit 103 and presents it to the user via a display or the like.

  The use request information of the vehicle 2 transmitted to the vehicle request management unit 103 includes a departure place and a destination, and the destination is obtained by input from the user, and the departure place is obtained by position information of the user or input from the user. May be. In addition, additional information such as the designation of a stopover point, the designation of a boarding / alighting point, the number of passengers, the reservation time, and the possibility of sharing may be further included.

  The usage request result information transmitted from the vehicle request management unit 103 includes information for identifying the user's boarding place and getting off place, the current position of the reserved vehicle 2, and the reserved vehicle. Based on the calculated information, additional information such as a time when the vehicle arrives at the boarding location, a travel time from the boarding location to the getting off location, and a recommended walking route for the user to travel to the boarding location may be included.

  Next, a specific processing flow will be described with reference to FIG. This processing flow is preferably executed periodically, for example, at a predetermined time interval or each time the use of one user ends. In the following description, cleaning maintenance of the vehicle 2 is exemplified as maintenance of the vehicle 2, but other maintenance can be processed in the same way. In the following description, an example in which the user's riding time on the vehicle 2 is used as the estimated substitute characteristic value of the maintenance necessity is shown, but the user's riding distance and the user's riding frequency are also processed in the same way. Can be.

  In step S1 in FIG. 2, the usage information acquisition unit 106 extracts the last cleaning date and time for the vehicle 2 assigned by the vehicle planning unit 104 with reference to the vehicle information database 101, and proceeds to step S2. In step S2, the maintenance necessity estimating unit 107 sets the total time of the user's riding time from the last cleaning date and time to the present time as an estimated substitute characteristic value of the maintenance necessity (for example, T = 100 minutes), and proceeds to step S3. .

In step S3, the threshold setting unit 111 acquires a normal cleaning maintenance threshold (for example, T ₀ = 200 minutes) and a service remaining limit (for example, T _max = 250 minutes) regarding the boarding time set by the service provider, Further, the supply and demand information acquisition unit 110 sets a value obtained by dividing the number of reservations for the latest one hour by the highest number of reservations for one hour (for example, Z = 10/20 = 0.5) as a value quantifying the demand situation. Is obtained and output to the threshold setting unit 111, and the process proceeds to step S4.

In step S4, the threshold setting unit 111, a normal cleaning maintenance threshold _{T 0,} the difference between the service margin limit _{T max} (e.g. _T max _-T 0 = 50 min), using the value Z of market demand, calculating a cleaning maintenance in consideration of the supply and demand threshold _{(T 1 = (T max -T} 0) · Z + T 0 = 225 min), the process proceeds to step S5.

In step S5, the estimated substitute characteristic value T of the maintenance necessity calculated in step S2 is compared with the cleaning maintenance threshold T ₁ (for example, T ₁ = 225 minutes) in consideration of the supply and demand situation calculated in step S4. If the estimated substitute characteristic value T of the necessity is larger (T ≧ T ₁ ), the process proceeds to step S6. If the estimated substitute characteristic value T of the maintenance necessity is smaller (T <T ₁ ), the processing is performed. finish. In step S6, an instruction or notification that cleaning is necessary is performed by the maintenance instruction unit 109, and cleaning is performed instead or in addition to this.

Note that, in step S5, the result of comparing the threshold value T ₁ of the cleaning maintenance in consideration of estimated substitute characteristic value T and supply and demand of the maintenance need of the case towards the estimated alternative characteristic value T of the maintenance required degree is large (T ≧ T ₁ ), the process proceeds to step S6, and the maintenance instruction unit 109 issues an instruction or notification that cleaning is necessary, and performs cleaning instead of or in addition to this. In this case, an instruction to perform cleaning maintenance in a relatively shorter time than normal cleaning maintenance may be accompanied. Examples of the cleaning maintenance performed in a relatively short time include cleaning limited to a portion that is easily noticeable, simple cleaning limited in the number of cleaning times, and the like. Such an instruction for shortening the maintenance is not limited to cleaning maintenance, but may be performed for maintenance such as replenishment of running energy, replacement of parts, and software update of the on-board computer.

In addition, for maintenance such as periodic cleaning, replenishment of running energy, replacement of parts, and software update of the on-board computer, the importance according to the service to be provided is set in advance, and when the demand is high and / or the supply is low. May prohibit an instruction to perform maintenance with low importance, or may uniformly set the maintenance threshold T ₁ in consideration of the supply and demand situation set by the threshold setting unit 111 to the service margin limit value T _max. .

  In addition, for maintenance such as periodic cleaning, replenishment of running energy, replacement of parts, and software update of the on-board computer, the estimated substitute characteristic value of the maintenance necessity is calculated based on the time when the user gets on the vehicle 2 and the user gets on the vehicle 2 Distance, the number of times the user has boarded the vehicle 2, the remaining running energy of the vehicle 2, the life of parts of the vehicle 2, software update information of a computer mounted on the vehicle 2, the total number of occupants of the vehicle 2 for each maintenance, the vehicle In addition to at least one of the characteristics of the second user, the travel area of the vehicle 2, and the weather when the vehicle 2 is used, an integrated value of a combination of two or more of these may be used. For example, when combining the distance that the user has boarded the vehicle 2 and the number of times that the user has boarded the vehicle 2, in step S2 of FIG. A value obtained by multiplying the total value by the number of times the user has boarded the vehicle 2 from the last cleaning date to the present time is calculated as an estimated substitute characteristic value of the maintenance necessity.

  In calculating the estimated substitute characteristic value of the maintenance necessity in step S2 of FIG. 2, the estimated substitute characteristic value of the maintenance necessity is calculated using a coefficient X (hereinafter, also referred to as an acceleration / deceleration coefficient) for accelerating or decelerating the maintenance necessity. May be calculated (corrected). FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing a subroutine of step S2 in FIG. This processing flow is another example (extended function) of the maintenance necessity estimating unit 107 in FIG. The acceleration / deceleration coefficient X indicates the date and time when the user used the vehicle 2, the weather at the date and time when the user used the vehicle 2, the characteristics of the travel area where the user used the vehicle 2, One of the characteristics of the utilized user or a combination of two or more of these characteristics can be used.

  In step S21, the maintenance necessity (riding time) from the last cleaning date and time of the assigned vehicle 2 to the present, which is extracted in step S2 in FIG. 2, is acquired, and the process proceeds to step S22. In step S22, the application of the acceleration / deceleration coefficient X is determined. Here, the value of the acceleration / deceleration coefficient X can be set to an arbitrary value by the service provider, but for the sake of simplicity, the following description will be made using the temporarily set values.

  For example, when the date and time when the user uses the vehicle 2 is used as the acceleration / deceleration coefficient X, the lunch time zone is set to X = 1.2, and the year-end dinner time is set to X = 1.5. When the vehicle 2 is used during a meal time, the possibility of the interior of the vehicle being dirty becomes higher than when using other time periods. In particular, during the lunch time, the possibility of being brought into the vehicle interior by takeout increases. Also, during the dinner time period at the end of the year or the beginning of the year, the frequency of using the vehicle 2 for eating out becomes high.

  When the weather at the date and time when the user uses the vehicle 2 is used as the acceleration / deceleration coefficient X, X = 1.0 (that is, not applicable) when the weather is fine, or X = 1.5 when the weather is rainy. . The acquired weather information can be determined from the operation information of the wiper of the vehicle 2 and the like. If the vehicle 2 is used in rainy weather, it is more likely that the outside of the vehicle compartment will become dirty than in the case of using the vehicle 2 in fine weather, or the vehicle interior will be more likely to be stained by the user's clothes and shoes. is there.

  In addition, when the user uses the characteristics of the traveling area (area where the transport service is deployed) using the vehicle 2 as the acceleration / deceleration coefficient X, the city area is set to X = 1.0 (that is, not applicable), and the tourist area is set to X = 1.0. X = 1.2 or X = 1.5 for a mountain or unpaved road. In urban areas, there are many paved roads, while in mountainous areas there are many unpaved roads.Therefore, when traveling on mountainous areas or unpaved roads, there is a high possibility that the outside of the vehicle compartment will be dirty compared to traveling on urban areas. Because it becomes. Also, when traveling in a sightseeing spot, there are relatively many opportunities to eat food and drinks sold in the sightseeing spot in the vehicle interior, and the possibility of the interior of the vehicle interior becoming more dirty than in an urban area is increased.

  When the characteristics of the user using the vehicle 2 are used as the acceleration / deceleration coefficient X, the information in the member database (which may be stored in the vehicle information database 101) that manages the user information is referred to, and the vehicle interior is checked. A user who puts garbage in the room and sets X = 1.2, and a user who clears the garbage in the vehicle compartment and returns is X = 0.8. FIG. 7 is a data sheet showing an example of member information registered in the vehicle information database 101 shown in FIG. As member information, in addition to the information necessary for using the service, including the personal information of the member, the number of garbage removals and the number of garbage take-outs are analyzed, calculated, and recorded from video data captured by the in-vehicle camera. This is used as a material for calculating the coefficient X of the service provider.

  When the characteristics of the user who uses the vehicle 2 are used as the acceleration / deceleration coefficient X, not only the person who reserves to use the vehicle 2 but also the characteristics of the fellow passenger may be considered. For example, when the passengers are only adults, X = 1.0 (that is, not applicable), or when the passengers include many children, such as elementary and junior high school students or less, X = 1.5. This is because if there are many small children, there is a high possibility that the interior of the vehicle will be dirty. Further, when the fellow passenger is registered in the member database, the characteristic of the fellow passenger may be extracted from the data sheet shown in FIG.

  As the acceleration / deceleration coefficient X, the date and time when the user used the vehicle 2, the weather when the user used the vehicle 2, the characteristics of the traveling area where the user used the vehicle 2, Any one of the characteristics of the user using the vehicle 2 can be used, and a combination of two or more of these characteristics can be used. For example, when the elements of the acceleration / deceleration coefficient X occur simultaneously, such as when the weather is rainy and the driving area is a sightseeing spot, the value obtained by multiplying the acceleration / deceleration coefficient X of each element is the final acceleration / deceleration. What is necessary is just to set it as the deceleration coefficient X.

  Returning to FIG. 6, if it is determined in step S22 that the acceleration / deceleration coefficient X is not applied (that is, X = 1.0), the process ends, but if it is determined that the acceleration / deceleration coefficient X is applied, Proceeding to step S23, after multiplying the acceleration / deceleration coefficient X to be applied by the estimated substitute characteristic value of the maintenance necessity, the process proceeds to step S3 of FIG.

  As described above, according to the vehicle maintenance management system S and the vehicle maintenance management method of the present embodiment, the maintenance necessity of the vehicle 2 is estimated based on the usage information of the vehicle 2, and the maintenance necessity reaches a predetermined threshold. If it is determined that the demand for the use of the vehicle is relatively high and / or the supply of the demand for the use of the vehicle is relatively low when the maintenance of the vehicle 2 is instructed, the predetermined Since the threshold value is set relatively high, it is possible to instruct maintenance at an appropriate timing while suppressing loss of service provision opportunities.

  Further, according to the vehicle maintenance management system S and the vehicle maintenance management method of the present embodiment, for each vehicle or for each vehicle existing in a predetermined area, the usage demand value immediately before a predetermined time from the present and the past maximum usage demand value Demand information on the use of vehicles is acquired, so that demand information with high reliability can be used, and maintenance instructions can be given at an appropriate timing while further suppressing loss of service provision opportunities. be able to.

  Further, according to the vehicle maintenance management system S and the vehicle maintenance management method of the present embodiment, for each vehicle or for each vehicle existing in a predetermined area, the supply supply value immediately before a predetermined time from the present and the past maximum use supply value Since the supply information of the use of the vehicle using the information is acquired, the supply information with high reliability can be used, and the maintenance is instructed at an appropriate timing while further suppressing the loss of the service providing opportunity. be able to.

  In addition, according to the vehicle maintenance management system S and the vehicle maintenance management method of the present embodiment, when it is determined that the maintenance necessity has reached the predetermined threshold set by the threshold setting unit, the maintenance of the vehicle is relatively performed. Since the instruction including the fact that the operation is performed in a short time is given, the time required for the maintenance is shortened, and the maintenance instruction can be given at an appropriate timing while suppressing the loss of the service providing opportunity. .

  Further, according to the vehicle maintenance management system S and the vehicle maintenance management method of the present embodiment, even if it is determined that the maintenance necessity has reached the predetermined threshold value set by the threshold value setting unit, it is determined in advance. For maintenance with relatively low importance, the instruction to carry out vehicle maintenance is prohibited, so the maintenance instruction is given at the appropriate timing while further suppressing loss of service provision opportunities. can do.

  Further, according to the vehicle maintenance management system S and the vehicle maintenance management method of the present embodiment, the usage information acquisition unit determines the usage period of the vehicle, the number of times the vehicle has been used, the riding distance of the vehicle, the remaining traveling energy of the vehicle, Obtain at least one of the following information: component life, software update information of a computer installed in the vehicle, total number of passengers in the vehicle for each maintenance, characteristics of vehicle users, travel area of the vehicle, and weather when using the vehicle. Therefore, the accuracy of estimating the necessity of maintenance is improved, and it is possible to instruct maintenance at an appropriate timing while further suppressing loss of service provision opportunities.

  In addition, according to the vehicle maintenance management system S and the vehicle maintenance management method of the present embodiment, the necessity of maintenance of the vehicle 2 is estimated based on the usage information of the vehicle 2 from the last cleaning date and time to the present. In this case, the accuracy of estimating the necessity of maintenance can be improved, and the maintenance can be instructed at an appropriate timing while suppressing the loss of service provision opportunities.

  Further, according to the vehicle maintenance management system S and the vehicle maintenance management method of the present embodiment, the maintenance necessity of the traveling energy supply of the vehicle is estimated based on the usage information of the vehicle from the last traveling energy supply date to the present. Therefore, the accuracy of estimating the necessity of the maintenance of the traveling energy supply is improved, and the maintenance can be instructed at an appropriate timing while suppressing the loss of the service providing opportunity.

  Further, according to the vehicle maintenance management system S and the vehicle maintenance management method of the present embodiment, the maintenance necessity of the vehicle component replacement is estimated based on the vehicle usage information from the last component replacement date and time to the present. In addition, the accuracy of estimating the necessity of maintenance for component replacement is improved, and it is possible to instruct maintenance at an appropriate timing while further suppressing loss of service providing opportunities.

  Further, according to the vehicle maintenance management system S and the vehicle maintenance management method of the present embodiment, since the maintenance necessity of the software update is estimated based on the software update information, the estimation accuracy of the maintenance necessity of the software update is improved. In addition, maintenance can be instructed at an appropriate timing while suppressing loss of service provision opportunities.

  According to the vehicle maintenance management system S and the vehicle maintenance management method of the present embodiment, the maintenance necessity is estimated using the coefficient X for accelerating or decelerating the maintenance necessity. The maintenance necessity including that is estimated. As a result, the accuracy of estimating the necessity of maintenance is further improved.

  Further, according to the vehicle maintenance management system S and the vehicle maintenance management method of the present embodiment, the coefficient X for accelerating or decelerating the maintenance necessity is determined by the date and time when the vehicle 2 is used, the weather when the vehicle 2 is used, The acceleration / deceleration coefficient X is set more specifically because it is set based on one or a combination of two or more of the characteristics of the traveling area using the vehicle and the characteristics of the user using the vehicle 2. As a result, the accuracy of estimating the necessity of maintenance is further improved.

S: Vehicle maintenance management system 1: Server 101: Vehicle information database 102: Map database 103: Vehicle request management unit 104: Vehicle planning unit 105: Vehicle reservation unit 106: Usage information acquisition unit 107: Maintenance necessity estimation unit 108: Judgment Unit 109 maintenance instruction unit 110 supply and demand information acquisition unit 111 threshold setting unit 2 vehicle 21 vehicle position calculation unit 22 vehicle state detection unit 23 vehicle information transmission unit 24 server information reception unit 25 traveling control unit 3 … User terminal

Claims (12)

In a vehicle maintenance management system that instructs maintenance of the vehicle when the usage state of the vehicle satisfies a predetermined condition,
A use information acquisition unit that acquires use information of the vehicle,
A maintenance necessity estimating unit that estimates the maintenance necessity of the vehicle based on the usage information of the vehicle,
A supply and demand information acquisition unit for acquiring demand information and / or supply information for use of the vehicle,
A determination unit that determines whether the maintenance necessity estimated by the maintenance necessity estimation unit has reached a predetermined threshold,
When the demand for use of the vehicle is relatively high according to the demand information acquired by the demand and supply information acquisition unit and / or the supply to the demand for use of the vehicle is relatively determined by the supply information acquired by the demand and supply information acquisition unit. If low, the threshold setting unit to set the predetermined threshold relatively high,
A maintenance instructing unit that instructs maintenance of the vehicle when the maintenance necessity is determined to have reached the predetermined threshold set by the threshold setting unit; Management system.   The supply-and-demand information acquisition unit acquires, for each vehicle or each vehicle existing in a predetermined area, demand information of vehicle usage using a usage demand value immediately before a predetermined time from the present and a past maximum usage demand value. The vehicle maintenance management system according to claim 1.   The supply-and-demand information acquisition unit acquires supply information on use of a vehicle using a supply supply value immediately before a predetermined time from the present and a past maximum supply supply value for each vehicle or each vehicle existing in a predetermined area. The vehicle maintenance management system according to claim 1. The maintenance instruction unit includes:
When the demand for use of the vehicle is relatively high according to the demand information acquired by the demand and supply information acquisition unit and / or the supply to the demand for use of the vehicle is relatively determined by the supply information acquired by the demand and supply information acquisition unit. Is low, when the maintenance necessity is determined to have reached the predetermined threshold set by the threshold setting unit,
The vehicle maintenance management system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the vehicle maintenance management system is instructed to perform maintenance of the vehicle in a relatively short time. The maintenance instruction unit includes:
Even when the maintenance necessity is determined to have reached the predetermined threshold set by the threshold setting unit, the maintenance is performed by the vehicle with respect to a relatively low predetermined maintenance importance. The vehicle maintenance management system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein an instruction to perform maintenance of the vehicle is prohibited.   The usage information acquisition unit is configured to determine a usage period of the vehicle, the number of times the vehicle is used, a riding distance of the vehicle, a remaining running energy of the vehicle, a life of parts of the vehicle, and software update information of a computer mounted on the vehicle. 6. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein at least one of information of a total number of passengers of the vehicle for each maintenance, characteristics of a user of the vehicle, a traveling area of the vehicle, and weather when the vehicle is used is acquired. A vehicle maintenance management system according to item 1. The usage information obtaining unit obtains the last cleaning date and time of the vehicle and usage information of the vehicle from the last cleaning date to the current time,
The vehicle maintenance management system according to claim 6, wherein the maintenance necessity estimating unit estimates the maintenance necessity of the vehicle based on usage information of the vehicle from the last cleaning date to the present. The usage information obtaining unit obtains the last running energy replenishment date and time of the vehicle and the usage information of the vehicle from the last running energy replenishment date to the present,
8. The vehicle maintenance management system according to claim 6, wherein the maintenance necessity estimating unit estimates the maintenance necessity of the vehicle based on usage information of the vehicle from the last driving energy replenishment date to the present. . The usage information obtaining unit obtains the last part replacement date and time of the vehicle and the usage information of the vehicle from the last part replacement date and time to the present,
The said maintenance necessity estimation part estimates the maintenance necessity of the said vehicle based on the usage information of the said vehicle from the said last part replacement date to the present, The Claims any one of Claims 6-8. Vehicle maintenance management system. The usage information acquisition unit acquires the software update information,
The vehicle maintenance management system according to claim 6, wherein the maintenance necessity estimating unit estimates the maintenance necessity of the vehicle based on the software update information.   The vehicle maintenance management system according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the vehicle is a sales vehicle that uses at least one vehicle for one or more users. Using a computer operated by a program, in a vehicle maintenance management method for instructing the maintenance of the vehicle when the use state of the vehicle satisfies a predetermined condition,
The computer is
Obtain usage information of the vehicle,
Based on the usage information of the vehicle, the maintenance necessity of the vehicle is estimated,
Obtaining demand information and / or supply information of the use of the vehicle,
It is determined whether the estimated maintenance necessity has reached a predetermined threshold,
The predetermined threshold value is used when the demand for using the vehicle is relatively high according to the acquired demand information and / or when the supply for the demand for using the vehicle is relatively low according to the acquired supply information. Is set relatively high,
A vehicle maintenance management method for instructing maintenance of the vehicle when the maintenance necessity is determined to have reached the predetermined threshold value.

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