JP2019522195A - 気相媒質の品質を監視するための方法及び装置 - Google Patents
気相媒質の品質を監視するための方法及び装置 Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 6
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 43
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004566 IR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009530 blood pressure measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002238 attenuated effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 13
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 238000002835 absorbance Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000002329 infrared spectrum Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 6
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000005429 filling process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910001868 water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 4
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethane Chemical compound CC OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 3
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008033 biological extinction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 2
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 2
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N methanone Chemical compound O=[14CH2] WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012854 evaluation process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004817 gas chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium atom Chemical compound [Ge] GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004255 ion exchange chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011545 laboratory measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010561 standard procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
- G01N21/31—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry
- G01N21/35—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light
- G01N21/3504—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light for analysing gases, e.g. multi-gas analysis
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/01—Arrangements or apparatus for facilitating the optical investigation
- G01N21/03—Cuvette constructions
- G01N21/0317—High pressure cuvettes
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
- G01N21/88—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination
- G01N21/94—Investigating contamination, e.g. dust
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/22—Fuels; Explosives
- G01N33/225—Gaseous fuels, e.g. natural gas
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
- G01N21/31—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry
- G01N21/35—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light
- G01N21/3504—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light for analysing gases, e.g. multi-gas analysis
- G01N2021/3536—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light for analysing gases, e.g. multi-gas analysis using modulation of pressure or density
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
- G01N21/31—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry
- G01N21/35—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light
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Abstract
Description
A=lg(I0/I1)=lg(1/T)=ε(λ)・c・d
この式において、
A 吸光度
I0 入射光の強度[W/m2]
I1 減衰光の強度[W/m2]
T=I0/I1 透過度
ε(λ) (十進法による)分子吸光係数[m2/mol]
c 濃度[mol/L]
d 光線が試料を通過する距離[m]
Claims (10)
- タンクステーションから放出可能な気相媒質、特に水素の品質を赤外測定装置(42)によって監視するための方法であって、
前記赤外測定装置(42)は、気相の媒質がタンクステーションから出て消費機器に達する放出経路に接続されていて、種々異なる波長と圧力の赤外線の透過を測定し、それに基づいて品質に影響する不純物の濃度を計算し、少なくとも設定可能な品質パラメータを超えるとそのことが表示されるようにした方法。 - 前記赤外測定装置(42)によって双極子モーメントに基づき赤外活性である不純物が検出されることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記赤外測定装置(42)は、赤外分光法を用いて試料の吸光帯の位置から不純物の種類を決定し、赤外線が試料を透過する際に赤外線が減衰することにも基づいてそれぞれの不純物の濃度を決定することを特徴とする、請求項1又は2に記載の方法。
- 試料中のそれぞれの不純物の濃度を決定するためにランベルト・ベールの法則を用いることを特徴とする、請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記赤外測定装置(42)によって試料分析を非常に高い圧力、好ましくは50MPa(500バール)を超える圧力、特に好適には70MPa(700バール)を超える圧力で行うことを特徴とする、請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 水素放出経路に対するバイパス内で弁装置(46)により試料が次々と採取されて不純物に関してチェックされ、タンクステーションから接続された消費機器への水素のそれぞれの放出が中断されないように、前記赤外測定装置(42)が接続されていることを特徴とする、請求項1〜5のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記赤外測定装置(42)の制御・計算ユニット(52)は、密度が種々異なるそれぞれの試料における透過測定を一時保存して、測定値の決定のために互いに減算すること、及び試料密度を決定するために圧力測定を行い、必要な場合は追加的に試料の温度測定を行うことを特徴とする、請求項1〜6のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 請求項1〜7のいずれか1項に記載の方法を実施するための装置であって、前記装置は、赤外測定装置からなり、少なくとも次のコンポーネント、即ち、
高耐圧赤外キュベット(10)、
赤外線エミッタ(28)、
赤外線検出器(40)、
圧力センサー(P)、及び、
制御・計算ユニット(52)を有することを特徴とする装置。 - 前記高耐圧赤外キュベット(10)は、少なくとも次のコンポーネント、即ち、
耐圧管部材(12)、
試料の入口と出口のための接続部(16;18)、及び、
管部材(12)の内部の赤外導波管(14)を有することを特徴とする、請求項8に記載の装置。 - 高耐圧赤外キュベット(10)の管端にある少なくとも1つのフランジ部分(22;24)は、耐圧赤外線透過窓(30)及び/又は赤外線反射鏡(56)を有することを特徴とする、請求項8又は9に記載の装置。
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DE102016007825.1A DE102016007825A1 (de) | 2016-06-25 | 2016-06-25 | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Überwachung der Qualität von gasförmigen Medien |
DE102016007825.1 | 2016-06-25 | ||
PCT/EP2017/000682 WO2017220189A1 (de) | 2016-06-25 | 2017-06-12 | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur überwachung der qualität von gasförmigen medien |
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PL433088A1 (pl) * | 2020-02-29 | 2021-08-30 | Instytut Wysokich Ciśnień Polskiej Akademii Nauk | Przepływowy układ zabezpieczający odbiornik paliwa wodorowego oraz sposób zabezpieczania odbiornika paliwa wodorowego |
US11733156B2 (en) | 2021-02-23 | 2023-08-22 | Joseph R. Demers | Semiconductor package for free-space coupling of radiation and method |
US11680897B2 (en) * | 2021-02-23 | 2023-06-20 | Joseph R. Demers | Multi-pass spectroscopy apparatus, associated sample holder and methods |
CN116660166B (zh) * | 2023-07-31 | 2023-09-22 | 中国科学院空天信息创新研究院 | 一种用于腔辅助气体浓度测量的气体腔结构 |
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US20190212260A1 (en) | 2019-07-11 |
JP7412511B2 (ja) | 2024-01-12 |
EP3475686A1 (de) | 2019-05-01 |
JP2023011020A (ja) | 2023-01-20 |
WO2017220189A1 (de) | 2017-12-28 |
DE102016007825A1 (de) | 2017-12-28 |
US11060971B2 (en) | 2021-07-13 |
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