JP2019515232A - High-intensity luminescent light for destruction or interruption of the eye and visual incapacitation - Google Patents

Abstract

The method and apparatus of the present invention is an optical apparatus for producing incapacitation by dark spot glare / flash blind / light stress when directed at an animal and / or human target. The apparatus comprises an assembly having a head portion, one or more light windows, and one or more optical systems for aiming and delivering light to a target, and one that generates light of about 200 nm to 900 nm. Or connected to a plurality of luminescence light sources, recycling optics for recycling stray light, focusing, aiming and projecting light, and one or more light sources, one or more light generation sources Electronic circuits that regulate and modulate power, current or voltage output to the source, thermal management systems that regulate the temperature of the luminescence light source and the electronic circuit, connected to the electronic circuit, and / or removed in the assembly And capable of fixed power supply.

Description

Cross Reference to Related Applications This is an international application claiming priority to US Provisional Patent Application No. 62 / 328,705, filed April 18, 2016.

Statement Regarding Federally Sponsored Research or Development Not Applicable

Name of Joint Research Contractor Not applicable

Include by reference on materials submitted on compact disc Not applicable

  The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for illumination and luminous flux luminescence light for destruction or interruption of the eye and visual incapacitation using a modulated light source. By directly modulating the light source, it is possible to change the number of pulses, the duration of the light pulse, the frequency and the number of secondary pulses in the main pulse, rather than providing a constant illumination.

  An optical incapacitance device was considered for use on the battlefield in 1915. During World War II, Canal Defense Light (CDL), a tank-mounted 9.5 KW carbon arc lamp capable of constant beam and flash strobe, was built, but with little or no deployment in combat. The main drawbacks have been the power plants needed for larger equipment, carbon rod consumption, fuel consumption, and on-site deployment. Given the information and investigations available at the time, perhaps no consideration was given to the potential eye damage of the enemy combatants.

  The US military studied high-intensity lasers and incoherent light for flash blinds in the 1960s and 1970s. One such device used a 50,000 lm second flash lamp. Again, in the early 1990's, xenon flash tubes were used to generate a condenser-powered intense light flash, and the development of a sufficiently powerful visual incapacitance to cause temporary blindness (For example, U.S. Pat. No. 5,072,342 by Minovich). These devices required bulk cooling, time to fully cool the flash tube between flashes before recharging and re-emitting.

  In the late 1990's, laser devices developed to cause temporary vision impairment, epilepsy, delay, disturbance, and diminished effectiveness of combat and function by claiming glare, flash blinds, and psychological effects (E.g., U.S. Patent No. 5,685,636 to German). Green Laser Dazzler entered the battlefield with reported eye safety issues. Lasers provide coherent light in a narrow range of single wavelengths. The eye is not adapted to treat a coherent laser without the risk of eye damage. Lasers, on the other hand, are energy efficient, consume less power, and use less battery.

  In the mid 2000's, portable xenon short arc lamps for lighting, warning and visual suppression of flash blinds were developed (e.g., U.S. Pat. No. 7,497,586 to Eisenberg). While reducing the risk of eye damage, as compared to lasers, short arcs are energy inefficient and produce only 5% of light requiring a large and heavy power source for portable applications. Portable short-arc lamps that are bright enough to cause flash blinds can generally not be darkened by more than 50% and do not provide complete turn-down control of safe near-field and far-field effects. Devices based on short arc lamp technology have been found to be bulky, have a short battery life, and have limited flash blind functionality beyond 30 feet. Because they use short arc lamps, the life of the bulbs is limited, and the light output is reduced in the first 500 hours, resulting in a loss of performance. Another technique at this time consisted of an array of flashing LEDs (eg, US Pat. No. 7,180,426 to Rublsov). This design is also bulky, heavy, short-distance making the target uncomfortable and partially disorienting, but powerful enough to cause complete visual loss of the target and flash blind for more than 10 seconds It was not. The video clip showed that the range of disorientation was less than 30 feet. The impact of disorientation was only on the period of lighting, probably due to limited intensity. Furthermore, the recovery after partial rhodopsin bleaching exposure was quite rapid and would not effectively invalidate the target effectively for most take-down applications.

U.S. Pat. No. 5,072,342 U.S. Patent No. 5,685,636 U.S. Patent No. 7,497,586 U.S. Patent No. 7,180,426

  As a result, with standoff distances of more than 15 feet (distance between the user and the attacker), they can be disrupted and visually disabled (flash blind), reducing the power required to operate, Energy saving thereby reducing battery weight and size (compact), achieving longer operating time for the same or lower weight and package size at the same operating time, and longer valve life over 3000 hours There is a need to have a lightweight portable device that provides a light intensity of Reduce emitted violet light or coherent single-wavelength laser light to eliminate or reduce the risk of thermal retinal damage according to the International Convention for Painful or Permanent Eye Injuries There is also a need. Furthermore, by supplying a sufficient illuminance and luminous flux to the target (attack side) within a very limited period of time before the eyelids naturally close (estimated 0.1 seconds), 10 before natural vision recovery occurs. It is necessary to achieve the maximum flash blind effect in a period of ~ 170 seconds. Finally, it is necessary to enable aiming of the disabled beam in order to focus the beam on the selected target and to avoid the accompanying disabling.

  The related prior art examples and the limitations associated therewith are exemplary and not exclusive and do not imply any limitations to the invention described and claimed herein. Various limitations of the related art will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading and understanding the following specification and the accompanying drawings.

  The devices disclosed and described herein may be uncomfortable glare, disordered glare, dazzling glare and dark spot glare / flash blind / no light stress when targeting one or more animal and / or human targets. Provided is an optical device for providing a capability. In one aspect of the invention, an apparatus includes an assembly having a head portion, one or more light windows, and one or more optical systems for aiming and delivering light to a target, and fixed within the assembly. One or more luminescent light sources that provide light in the spectral range of about 200 nm to about 900 nm, and recycling optics that recycle stray light and focus, aim and project light and stray light on a target An electronic circuit connected to the one or more light sources and fixed in the assembly, the electronic circuit adjusting and modulating the power, current or voltage output to the one or more light sources And a thermal management system interfaced with one or more luminescence light sources and electronics to regulate the temperature of the luminescence light sources and electronics Connected to the electronic circuitry, and / or removably in the assembly includes a fixed power, the.

  In a first embodiment, the luminescence generating light source is photoluminescence, electroluminescence, cathodoluminescence, thermoluminescence, or a combination of these luminescence generating light sources. Luminescence-generating light sources include fluorescent light emitting diodes (LEDs), nanowire LEDs, laser fluorescent hybrids, super luminescent light emitting diodes (SLEDs), nanotubes, nanocrystals, doped waveguides, quantum dots, scintillators, laser luminescent hybrids, Alternatively, it may be a laser diode excitation light source, or any combination of these light sources. The one or more luminescent light sources may provide light in the spectral range of about 200 nm to about 900 nm for the animal target in the spectral range of about 440 nm to about 600 nm for human targets . Additionally, one or more luminescence light sources provide a peak spectral output at about 500 nm, deliver a constant light beam or a flashing light beam, and a flash frequency in the range of about 1 Hz to about 40 Hz and about 0 Delivering a flashing light beam with a flash duration ranging from .0005 seconds to about 1 second to produce a randomized flash frequency, about 2,000 for one or more animal and / or human targets It produces light above lux up to about 10,000 lux, is arranged in an array, has a color rendering index (CRI) of about 70 to about 100, and is 3000 hours at 80% or more of the original luminous emittance Can provide a luminous flux emittance that exceeds.

  In a second embodiment, animal or human targets are impaired by glare disruption or flash blinds.

  In a third embodiment, the recycling optics increase the spectral output of the luminescence to increase the light output intensity.

  In a fourth embodiment, one or more optical systems for aiming and delivering light may be an aspheric lens or for aiming and focusing within an angle of about 0.25 degrees to about 180 degrees. It can include a Fresnel lens. One or more optical systems for aiming and delivering light can provide a light beam of less than about 36 square millimeters.

  In a fifth embodiment, the thermal management system may be a convection system or a conduction system or may be forced air cooling, passive heat sink cooling, heat pipes, Peltier cooling systems, or electrostatic fluid accelerated cooling.

  In the sixth embodiment, the power supply may be a DC power supply or an AC power supply. The power source may be a battery, a capacitor, a super capacitor, a fuel cell, and their hybrids.

  In a seventh embodiment, the apparatus may further include flash control means for modulating the flash frequency of the luminescence generating light source at about 1 Hz to about 40 Hz.

  In an eighth embodiment, the apparatus can further include a filter that reduces or eliminates the UV and violet light emissions.

  In a ninth embodiment, the apparatus further comprises a photocell for determining the amount of ambient light, a range finder for determining the distance to the target, and a control circuit for adjusting the illumination delivered to the target. it can.

  In a second aspect of the invention, the illumination of one or more animal and / or human targets causes discomfort glare, impairment glare, glare glare and dark spot glare / flash blind / light stress incapacitation A method is provided. The method comprises the steps of orienting an optical device as described in the first aspect of the invention and further detailed in the first to ninth embodiments above, one or more animals and / or humans. Activating the optical device to illuminate the target.

Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of one embodiment of the device of the present invention. FIG. 2 shows the operating concept of the device according to the invention, showing the optically continuous area of the force range of the portable device of FIG. FIG. 5 shows ray trace paths of a typical LED optical column. FIG. 6 shows ray trace paths of an embodiment of a preferred optical train of the device of the present invention using recycled light colors. Fig. 3 shows the current pattern applied to the light source in a preferred embodiment of the device of the invention. FIG. 6 illustrates a second linear Fresnel lens at a 90 degree angle to a first linear Fresnel lens positioned between the light source and the outer Fresnel lens to increase forward light intensity.

  In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. However, one skilled in the art will understand that the invention may be practiced without these specific details. Various modifications to the described embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the particular embodiments shown and described but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein. . In other instances, well known methods, procedures, components and circuits may not be described in detail in order not to obscure the invention.

  Unless otherwise defined, all terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. All patents, patent applications and publications mentioned throughout the disclosure of this specification are incorporated by reference in their entirety. Where there is more than one definition of a term herein, the terms in this section prevail.

  The term "intensity" as used herein is the illuminance or luminous flux (lux-lumens / square meter) delivered to a target, and is a measure of the light intensity striking the surface or target perceived by the eye. It is.

  The terms "target" and / or "attacker" as used herein are humans or animals exposed to the beam of the apparatus or method of the invention.

  The devices disclosed and described herein may be uncomfortable glare, disordered glare, dazzling glare and dark spot glare / flash blind / no light stress when targeting one or more animal and / or human targets. Provided is an optical device for providing a capability. In one aspect of the invention, an apparatus includes an assembly having a head portion, one or more light windows, and one or more optical systems for aiming and delivering light to a target, and fixed within the assembly. One or more luminescent light sources that provide light in the spectral range of about 200 nm to about 900 nm, and recycling optics that recycle stray light and focus, aim and project light and stray light on a target An electronic circuit connected to the one or more light sources and fixed in the assembly, the electronic circuit adjusting and modulating the power, current or voltage output to the one or more light sources And a thermal management system interfaced with one or more luminescence light sources and electronics to regulate the temperature of the luminescence light sources and electronics Connected to the electronic circuitry, and / or removably in the assembly includes a fixed power, the.

  The present invention is directed to low-cost, low-power, highly effective warning, incoherent light to impair visual glare and flash blinds, and disorientation due to high intensity illumination with high intensity and broad spectrum visible incoherent light. The invention relates to a non-lethal, eye-safe security device based on intense light emission to provide.

  The present invention, in achieving the effects of glare, flash blinds and disorientation, the current methods for eye destruction or interruption and / or visual glare and flash blinds and incapacitation, as compared to other prior art Even safe incoherent light is used to increase the effective working distance at higher energy efficiency, lower energy levels, and improve with a much more compact and more efficient device.

  This innovation provides a luminescent light source, such as an LED, that is about three to five times more efficient at generating light than a short arc lamp, then recycles "stray light" and directs the emitted light By aiming at the direction, 1.5 to 4 times the aimed light of the prior art is delivered to the target. Thereafter, by electronic manipulation and modulation of the current and voltage, the power required to produce the specified amount of luminous flux divergence is reduced by more than 30% using current, voltage or power modulation electronics. Modulated light delivered to the target is believed to anchor the eye's rhodopsin chemical "memory" to the image and actually uses a selected LED or luminescence source optimized for aiming In some cases, the light perceived by the brain is brighter to the eye, several times more than when exposed to a flash of light at the required glare or flash blind level at a specific illuminance (LUX at the target) to achieve incapacitation Take advantage of the By replacing the LED with a laser-excited LED (ie LED-laser hybrid), a laser-excited phosphor, or a laser-excited luminescent material, a higher energy reduction is achieved to increase the light output by up to 2 times, or Power consumption can be proportionally reduced for the same illumination level at the target.

  The advantage of the present invention is that, when combined with aiming optics that increase the effective working distance, using recycled light technology (RLTTM), the luminescence light for deactivation is 1.5 in the forward direction. ~ Including 4 times stronger. The beam can be of narrow shape and can be specifically directed at the target (narrow angle). The device has longer beam throws at the same power than other technologies and thus has a wider operating range capability. There are no black hole artifacts. Use an LED or luminescent light source that is less expensive and more efficient than a short arc. The device may be more compact because less power is required, the luminescence light source is smaller than the short arc lamp and weight and size reduction is significantly improved. Laser hybrids provide much more efficient light generation with LEDs alone. The battery power can be lower or provide more operating time. Because the power requirements are lower, a smaller thermal management system may be required for the same illumination and disabling power output. Does not require lamp warm up time. The electronics designer ultimately controls the energy supplied to the device. Ability to selectively target individuals or groups.

Effect "Disruption or interruption of the eye and / or visual incapacitation" is a range of optical effects including discomfort glare, impairment glare, dazzling glare and dark spot glare. Discomfort Glare causes discomfort. Disturbance glare is a physiological glare that impairs vision. Glare glare causes awkwardness, discomfort, aversion, and visual impairment when the illumination level of the retina is high. Dark point glare, light stress, or temporary flash blinds are blindness and afterimage due to excessive bleaching of macular pigment. For more information, see Martin A. See "Glare's Causes, Consequences, and Clinical Challenges After a Century of Ophthalmic study (Jan. 2, 2012)" by Mainster and Patricia L Turner.

  This technique affects three eye systems: photopic, dim and dark vision, and eliminates the ability to see temporarily from the target. At the highest illumination levels, the target experiences partial or complete "whiteout" by rhodopsin bleaching, depending on the intensity of the beam and the initial ambient light. The optimal optical light pattern projected by the device can completely impair peripheral vision and macular vision.

  Other effects may include loss of parallelism between the optical axis of the eye caused by the dysfunction of the extrinsic muscle and the loss of biological balance. They may appear as dignified, floating, spinning, or swaying sensations, dizziness or dizziness, and instability (unbalance), loss of balance, stumbling, rolling, swaying, and walking straight around the corner. It leads to imbalances and loss of spatial position perception that manifests as being difficult or falling over when you stand up. The target may also experience temporary clumsy, loss of fine or gross motor skills and have other difficulties of coordination. Effects vary across the population based on genetics, age, vision and other factors.

Apparatus The assemblies described herein can be scaled up or down in size for larger or smaller effective distances. By integrating a single assembly into an array, greater distance effects can be realized. The exemplary portable single window assembly depicted in FIG. 1A can use a 100 watt LED (2) with forced air cooling (3) consisting of a heat sink, heat pipe or thermal cooling device. FIG. 1B shows another portable single window assembly that utilizes a 20 watt LED. The light output from the luminescence source is electronically modulated into a continuous beam for the main light switch (7) and the momentary switch (6) for illumination or warning for glare / flash blind mode. A portion of the light beam with "stray light" is recycled to the luminescent light source. The portion of the light beam exiting through the recycled light collar (15) is further shaped and aimed at a 120 mm aspheric lens (14) or a Fresnel lens with a focal length of 120 mm, with a divergence of about 2 degrees Aiming at the light, the LED flash driver (4) delivers a flash having a duration of 0.032 seconds at an illumination intensity of 38,000 lux at 25 feet in a circular, rectangular or square pattern with a diameter of 10 inches. The recycling components and aiming can be changed for different projection and coverage areas, depending on what is implemented in optical technology. A light recycling color (15) is preferred to increase range and efficiency, but one skilled in the art will recognize that light recycling optics may be omitted for near range targets. Another embodiment may consist of an array of light source engines as shown in FIG. 3B. In another array embodiment, linear Fresnel lenses can be used to collect multiple light source engines to produce a single band of light across multiple targets or larger areas. In this latter embodiment, the second linear Fresnel lens is disposed between the light source and the outer Fresnel lens at an angle of 90 degrees with respect to the first linear Fresnel lens to obtain the forward light intensity shown in FIG. It can be increased.

The nature of the illumination source determines the different optical configurations to achieve the desired geometrical area for this disabled illumination device and technology. Several other suitable optical recycling and aiming configurations that can be used are taught in the tables of the following patents having the same assignee as the present invention and incorporated herein by reference.

The choice of luminescence source is driven by the compactness and lumens emitted per square millimeter, weighted by the energy efficiency of the light generated per square millimeter and the uniformity of the visible spectral output above 440 nm Close to light source and selection.

  By lowering the level of illumination, the desired effect is obtained that is more sensitive to norms than to parts of the population.

  The "Continuum of Force" graphic represents the operational concept (CONOPS) performance of this portable light suppression (deactivation / light stress / flash blind) device.

  The device can be powered using a series of lithium ion batteries providing about 12 V at 80 amps (5). The device can also be operated as a portable searchlight or flashlight. In this embodiment, the flash is randomized to 3 times the LED design rated wattage, 300 watts of power at 10 Hz, or between 8 Hz and 15 Hz, with power at duty cycles below the maximum rating of the selected LED. Supplied.

  The preferred light beam modulation is set to a frequency range of 1 Hz to 40 Hz. A preferred embodiment is set at a flash rate of 8-20 Hz for human targets, and the flash duration is set to about 0.0005 seconds to 1 second. The preferred flush duration is 0.01 to 0.05 seconds. These rates provide light output as a function of exposure time (seconds) and exposure intensity (lux) to be below the upper threshold of safe thermal eye exposure levels delivered to the target. Adjusted. Those implemented in the field of optical incapacitation can refer to studies based on the "Guidelines on the limits of exposure to broadband incoherent radiation" studies and other eye safety studies. Can be used as a guideline to determine the maximum allowable dose to intense incoherent light to avoid light flames.

  FIG. 3A shows a typical portable LED optical train consisting of a reflector for illumination and an aspheric lens, showing the unamplified and lost light of stray light (leakage light). FIG. 3B shows an optical train with light recycling according to the invention as shown in FIG. The recycled light (RLT) color reflects stray light back to the LED, increasing the useful light output of the LED through the RLT color opening and "brightening" the aimed light directed at the target . At the same time, purple and blue light is absorbed by the phosphor of the LED, whose energy produces more light towards the green and red spectra, the light beam looks like the spectral output of the sun, and the human retinal response Generate more light near the mid range of This results in selecting a luminescent light source with a color rendering index of 70 or more either before or after considering the spectral shift caused by RLT. While this further reduces the potential risk of "blue / purple" thermal eye damage without the need for UV, purple or blue filters, in some cases such filters are eye safety May still be recommended to further improve

  The device in this method is designed to have a very long distance to the target so that individuals can beam at a higher intensity than recommended to avoid eye damage and specific eye thermal damage. May be exposed and use a range finder to determine the distance to the target in the target field of view and adjust the beam illumination and exposure time downwards to fall below the eye safety threshold Is desirable.

  FIG. 4 shows a block diagram of the main building blocks of this assembly. The block 1 is a removable or rechargeable battery, a capacitor, a super capacitor, a fuel cell or a hybrid of these. The power source may be either an AC power source or a DC power source. Block 2 is an electronic package that adjusts current and voltage to drive a luminescent light source such as an LED to modulate voltage and current as shown in FIG. 5 and described herein. The block 3 consists of a luminescence light source, thermal management to cool the light source below its maximum allowable operating temperature, and the thermal management solution consists of a heat sink and a forced air fan. Block 4 may be comprised of one or more of the many light recycling methods that can be used, some of which are detailed in Table 1 including reflectors, mirrors and light pipes . Block 5 takes light emanating from the recycling optics and brings the beam block 6 to the desired focus in order to achieve the illuminance recommended in Table 2 in order to achieve the effect on the illuminance (lux) on the target block 7 It is an optical column to aim at.

  FIG. 5 shows the electrical modulation and operational flexibility of the pulse in the pulse, preferably above 60 Hz, and in the preferred embodiment is 100 Hz. The light modulation peak is generated with a duration greater than 0.001 seconds, and in the preferred embodiment is a duration of 0.03 seconds, with a random cycle of peak duration plus dwell ranging from 8 Hz to 20 Hz. Ru. The preferred embodiment is an integrated circuit (chip) 555 timer IC used in various timer, pulse generation and oscillator applications, or LT® 3743 fixed frequency designed to drive high current LEDs. By controlling the circuit using a synchronous rectification step-down DC / DC controller, the peak intensity output is randomized to avoid human adaptation to the disabling effect.

  While all of the basic features and mechanisms of the present invention have been shown and described herein with reference to specific embodiments thereof, modifications, various alterations and permutations are contemplated in the foregoing disclosure. It will be appreciated that, in some instances, some features of the invention may be used without corresponding use of other features without departing from the scope of the invention as described. . It should also be understood that various substitutions, alterations, and modifications may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Accordingly, all such modifications and variations are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims (47)

An optical device for providing discomfort glare, impairment glare, glare glare and dark spot glare / flash blind / light stress incapacitation when targeting one or more animal and / or human targets ,
a) an assembly having a head portion, one or more light windows, and one or more optical systems for aiming and delivering light to the target;
b) one or more luminescence light sources providing the light in the spectral range of about 200 nm to about 900 nm fixed in the assembly;
c) recycling optics to recycle stray light and to focus, aim and project the light and the stray light onto the target;
d) an electronic circuit connected to the one or more light sources and fixed in the assembly, wherein the output of power, current or voltage to the one or more light sources is adjusted An electronic circuit to modulate,
e) a thermal management system that interfaces with the one or more luminescent light sources and the electronic circuitry to adjust the temperature of the luminescent light sources and the electronic circuitry;
f) a power supply connected to the electronic circuitry and / or removably secured within the assembly;
Devices that contain   The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the luminescence generating light source is photoluminescence, electroluminescence, cathodoluminescence, thermoluminescence, or a combination of the luminescence generating light sources.   The luminescence generating light source is a fluorescent light emitting diode (LED), a nanowire LED, a laser fluorescent hybrid, a super luminescent light emitting diode (SLED), a nanotube, a nanocrystal, a doped waveguide, a quantum dot, a scintillator, a laser luminescent hybrid The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the apparatus is selected from the group comprising: or a combination of a laser diode excitation light source, and the luminescence generation.   The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the animal or human target is impaired by glare disruption or flash blinds when the luminescent light source is directed to the animal or human target.   The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising flash control means, wherein the flash control means modulates the flash frequency of the luminescence generating light source at about 1 Hz to about 40 Hz.   The one or more luminescent light sources provide the light in the spectral range of about 200 nm to about 900 nm for the animal target in the spectral range of about 440 nm to about 600 nm for the human target The device according to claim 1.   The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a filter that reduces or eliminates UV and violet light emissions.   The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the one or more luminescent light sources provide a peak spectral output at about 500 nm.   The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the one or more luminescent light sources deliver a constant light beam or a flashing light beam.   The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the one or more luminescent light sources generate light greater than about 7000 lux in the one or more animal and / or human targets.   The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the one or more luminescent light sources generate light greater than about 2000 lux and less than about 10000 lux in the one or more animal and / or human targets.   10. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the flashing light beam has a flash frequency in the range of about 1 Hz to about 40 Hz and a flash duration in the range of about 0.0005 seconds to about 1 second.   The apparatus of claim 12, wherein the flush duration is randomized.   The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising: a photocell for determining the amount of ambient light; a range finder for determining the distance to the target; and control circuitry for adjusting the illumination delivered to the target.   The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the recycling optics increase the spectral output of the luminescence to increase the light output intensity.   An aspheric or Fresnel lens for aiming and focusing the light emission within an angle of about 0.25 degrees to about 180 degrees by the one or more optical systems for aiming and delivering light. The apparatus according to claim 1, comprising:   The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the one or more optical systems for aiming and delivering light provide a light beam of less than about 36 square millimeters.   The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the one or more luminescent light sources are provided in an array.   The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the thermal management system is a convection system or a conduction system.   The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the thermal management system is forced air cooling, passive heat sink cooling, heat pipes, Peltier cooling system, or electrostatic fluid accelerated cooling.   The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the power supply is a direct current power supply or an alternating current power supply.   The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the power source is selected from the group consisting of a battery, a capacitor, a super capacitor, a fuel cell, and a hybrid thereof.   The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the one or more luminescent light sources have a color rendering index (CRI) of about 70 to about 100.   The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the one or more luminescent light sources provide 80% or more of the original luminous flux and more than 3000 hours of luminous flux. A method for causing discomfort glare, impairment glare, dazzling glare and dark spot glare / flash blind / light stress incapacitation when irradiating one or more animal and / or human targets, said method Is
An assembly having a head portion, one or more light windows, and one or more optical systems for aiming and delivering light to the target;
a) one or more luminescence light sources providing the light in the spectral range of about 400 nm to about 900 nm fixed in the assembly;
b) recycling optics for recycling stray light and focusing, aiming and projecting the light and the stray light onto the target;
c) an electronic circuit connected to the one or more light sources and fixed in the assembly, wherein the output of power, current or voltage to the one or more light sources is adjusted An electronic circuit to modulate,
d) a thermal management system that interfaces with the one or more luminescent light sources and the electronic circuitry to adjust the temperature of the luminescent light sources and the electronic circuitry;
e) directing an optical device, including a power supply connected to the electronic circuitry and / or removably secured within the assembly, in one or more animal and / or human targets;
Activating the optical device to illuminate the one or more animal and / or human targets;
Method including.   26. The method of claim 25, wherein the recycling optics increase the spectral output of the luminescent emission to increase the light output intensity.   26. The method of claim 25, wherein the luminescence generating light source is photoluminescence, electroluminescence, cathodoluminescence, thermoluminescence, or a combination of the luminescence generating light sources.   The luminescence generating light source is a fluorescent light emitting diode (LED), a nanowire LED, a laser fluorescent hybrid, a super luminescent light emitting diode (SLED), a nanotube, a nanocrystal, a doped waveguide, a quantum dot, a scintillator, a laser luminescent hybrid 26. The method according to claim 25, wherein the method is selected from the group comprising: or a combination of a laser diode excitation light source and the luminescence generation.   26. The method of claim 25, wherein the animal or human target is impaired by glare disruption or flash blinds when the luminescent light source is directed to the animal or human target.   The one or more luminescent light sources provide the light in the spectral range of about 200 nm to about 900 nm for the animal target in the spectral range of about 440 nm to about 650 nm for the human target 26. The method of claim 25, wherein:   26. The method of claim 25, further comprising a filter that reduces or eliminates UV and violet light emissions.   26. The method of claim 25, wherein the one or more luminescent light sources provide a peak spectral output at about 555 nm.   26. The method of claim 25, wherein the one or more luminescent light sources deliver a constant light beam or a flashing light beam.   26. The method of claim 25, wherein the one or more luminescent light sources generate light greater than about 7000 lux in the one or more animal and / or human targets.   26. The method of claim 25, wherein the one or more luminescent light sources generate light greater than about 2000 lux and less than about 10000 lux in the one or more animal and / or human targets.   26. The method of claim 25, wherein the flashing light beam has a flash frequency in the range of about 1 Hz to about 40 Hz and a flash duration in the range of about 0.0005 seconds to about 1 second.   26. The method of claim 25, wherein the flash duration is randomized.   26. The optical device according to claim 25, further comprising a photocell for determining the amount of ambient light, a range finder for determining the distance to the target, and a control circuit for adjusting the illumination delivered to the target. Method described.   An aspheric or Fresnel lens for aiming and focusing the light emission within an angle of about 0.25 degrees to about 180 degrees by the one or more optical systems for aiming and delivering light. 26. The method of claim 25, comprising:   26. The method of claim 25, wherein the one or more optical systems for aiming and delivering light provide a light beam of less than about 36 square millimeters.   26. The method of claim 25, wherein the one or more luminescent light sources are provided in an array.   26. The method of claim 25, wherein the thermal management system is a convection system or a conduction system.   26. The method of claim 25, wherein the thermal management system is forced air cooling, passive heat sink cooling, heat pipes, Peltier cooling system, or electrostatic fluid accelerated cooling.   26. The method of claim 25, wherein the power supply is a direct current power supply or an alternating current power supply.   26. The method of claim 25, wherein the power source is selected from the group consisting of batteries, capacitors, supercapacitors, fuel cells, and hybrids thereof.   26. The method of claim 25, wherein the one or more luminescent light sources have a color rendering index (CRI) of about 70 to about 100.   26. The method of claim 25, wherein the one or more luminescent light sources provide 80% or more of the original luminous flux and more than 3000 hours of luminous flux.