JP2019503333A - Inorganic fiber - Google Patents

Abstract

  Contains silica and magnesia as the main fiber components to improve the thermal performance and manufacturability of the fiber, and also includes calcia and additional alkali metal oxides other than magnesia, such as lithium oxide Inorganic fiber further including the intended synergistic amount. Inorganic fibers are easy to manufacture, have better fiber quality, show excellent thermal performance at service temperatures above 1260 ° C, retain mechanical integrity after exposure to service temperatures, and in physiological fluids It shows low in vivo durability. Also provided are methods of preparing inorganic fibers and methods of insulating an article using a thermal insulator prepared from the inorganic fibers.

Description

  High temperature resistant inorganic fibers are provided that are useful as insulating materials against heat, electricity, or sound and that have a continuous use temperature of 1260 ° C. or higher. High temperature resistant inorganic fibers are easily manufacturable, exhibit low shrinkage after exposure to use temperature, retain excellent mechanical strength after continuous exposure to use temperature, and low in vivo in physiological fluids Shows biopersistence.

Refractory ceramic fibers, such as those based on aluminosilicate chemistry, have been widely sold in thermal and electrical insulation applications since they were developed in the 1950s. Inhalation studies in rodents conducted in the 1980s demonstrated the level of carcinogenic potential associated with in vivo durable refractory ceramic fibers. These studies have motivated the industry to develop inorganic fibers that are soluble in physiological lung fluid and have no in vivo durability as alternatives to refractory ceramic fibers.
Although candidate fibers have been proposed, the temperature limits of use of these fibers have not been high enough to fit many of the applications in which high temperature resistant refractory ceramic fibers are used. For example, such low in vivo durable fibers often exhibit high linear shrinkage at continuous use temperatures and / or typical refractory ceramics when exposed to continuous use temperatures above 1260 ° C. It shows reduced mechanical properties compared to fiber performance.
High temperature resistant, low in vivo durable fibers provide long-term or continuous exposure to anticipated use temperatures and to expected use temperatures to provide effective heat protection for insulated articles Should show minimal linear shrinkage.
In addition to temperature resistance, as expressed by the important shrinkage properties in fibers used in insulation, low in vivo durable fibers can maintain their structural integrity and thermal insulation properties during fiber use It is also necessary to have the characteristics of mechanical properties during and after exposure to expected use or service temperatures.

One characteristic of the mechanical integrity of a fiber is its embrittlement after use. The more easily a fiber is crushed, i.e., the fiber is more easily crushed or broken into a powder, the lower the mechanical integrity of the fiber. In general, inorganic fibers that exhibit both high temperature resistance and low in vivo durability in physiological fluids also exhibit a high degree of post-practical embrittlement. This results in friable fibers lacking strength or mechanical integrity after exposure to operating temperature so as to provide the structure necessary to achieve their insulating purpose. Other measures of fiber mechanical integrity include compressive strength and compressibility.
Exhibits low in vivo durability in physiological fluids, exhibits low shrinkage during and after exposure to operating temperatures of 1260 ° C. and higher, further exhibits low brittleness after exposure to expected use temperatures, and Produces an improved inorganic fiber composition with improved viscosity so that it can be easily manufactured from a fiberizable melt of the desired component that maintains mechanical integrity after exposure to service temperatures above 1260 ° C It is desirable to do.

  High temperature resistant and low in vivo durable inorganic fibers are provided that exhibit improved thermal stability when exposed to high temperatures of 1260 ° C., 1400 ° C. or higher. By intentionally including a synergistic amount of at least one alkali metal oxide and at least one alkaline earth metal oxide different from magnesium oxide in the magnesium silicate inorganic fiber, alkali metal oxidation It has been discovered that compared to alkaline earth silicate fibers that do not include a synergistic combination of materials and alkaline earth metal oxides, the fiber shrinkage is reduced and the mechanical strength of the fibers is enhanced. In the present disclosure, at least one alkaline earth metal oxide different from magnesium oxide in the magnesium silicate mineral is referred to as “additional alkaline earth metal oxide”. Intentional synergistic amounts also result in improved viscosity of the raw material melt so that easier manufacturing and better fiber quality are provided.

According to certain exemplary embodiments, the high temperature resistant and low in vivo durable inorganic fibers are intended to have a synergistic amount of one alkali metal oxide and one additional alkaline earth metal oxide. The magnesium silicate fiber included in According to another exemplary embodiment, the high temperature resistant and low in vivo durable inorganic fibers include magnesium silicate fibers intentionally including a synergistic amount of lithium oxide and calcia.
Inorganic fibers exhibit low in vivo durability in physiological solutions, reduced linear shrinkage, improved mechanical strength and compression recovery after exposure to expected use temperatures.

Viscosity of low in vivo durable magnesium silicate fibers marketed under the registered trademark ISOFRAX and fiber melt used to prepare certain exemplary embodiments of the inorganic fibers disclosed herein It is a figure of the temperature-viscosity curve which compares.

According to certain embodiments, the inorganic fibers include fibrates of silica, magnesia, calcia and lithium oxide.
According to certain embodiments, the inorganic fibers include silica, magnesia, calcia, lithium oxide, and additional viscosity modifier fibrosis.
According to certain embodiments, the inorganic fibers comprise fiberized silica, magnesia, lithium oxide, calcia and alumina.
According to certain embodiments, the inorganic fibers include fiberized silica, magnesia, lithium oxide, calcia and boria.
According to certain embodiments, the inorganic fibers include fiberized products of silica, magnesia, lithium oxide, calcia, and a mixture of alumina and boria.
According to certain embodiments, the inorganic fibers comprise fibrates of silica, magnesia, zirconia, lithium oxide, calcia and further viscosity modifiers.
According to certain embodiments, the inorganic fibers include fibrates of silica, magnesia, zirconia, lithium oxide, calcia and alumina.
According to certain embodiments, the inorganic fibers include fibrates of silica, magnesia, zirconia, lithium oxide, calcia and boria.
According to certain embodiments, the inorganic fibers include fibrates of silica, magnesia, zirconia, lithium oxide, calcia, and a mixture of alumina and boria.

When ranges of values are described in the disclosure of the present invention, it is to be understood that all values within the range including the endpoints are intended to be considered disclosed. For example, “silica in the range of 65-86” can be read to indicate all possible values of consecutive numbers between 65-86. We recognize and understand that all values within that range are considered to be specifically stated, and we have the entire range and within that range. It shall be understood that all values have ownership.
In the present disclosure, the term “about” used with a value has the meaning defined by the context, including the stated value. For example, it includes at least some error associated with the measurement of a particular value. For those skilled in the art, the term “about” is used herein in the compositions and / or methods of the present disclosure that an “approximate (about)” amount of the listed values produces the desired degree of effectiveness. It is understood that it is used as meaning. One of ordinary skill in the art will understand that the “about” boundary for percentage, quantity or quantity values of any component in the embodiments is to change the value, determine the effectiveness of the composition for each value, and book It is further understood that it can be determined by determining the range of values that will result in a composition having the desired degree of effectiveness in accordance with the disclosure. The term “about” is further used to reflect the possibility that the composition may contain minor constituents of other materials that do not alter the effectiveness or safety of the composition.
In this disclosure, the term “substantially” refers to a degree of deviation that is small enough not to appreciably impair a specified property or environment. The exact degree of deviation that can be tolerated may depend on the specific situation in some cases. The phrase “substantially free” means that any amount greater than a trace amount that the composition may be present in the raw starting material that is not intentionally added to the fiber melt but is the raw material of the fiber. It means not containing impurities.

The weight percentage of the composition disclosed herein is based on the total weight of the fiber. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the total weight percent of fibers cannot exceed 100%. For example, a fiber composition comprising 65-86 weight percent silica, 14-35 weight percent magnesia, 0.1-5 weight percent calcia, and 0.1-2 weight percent lithium oxide does not exceed 100%. Those skilled in the art will readily recognize and understand this. One skilled in the art understands that the amount of silica and magnesia is adjusted to include the desired amount of silica, magnesia, calcia and lithium oxide so as not to exceed 100% by weight of the fiber. Shall.
According to certain exemplary embodiments, the inorganic fibers comprise about 65 to about 86 weight percent silica, greater than 0 to about 35 weight percent magnesia, calcia, and lithium oxide fibrates.

According to certain exemplary embodiments, the inorganic fibers comprise about 65 to about 86 weight percent silica, greater than 0 to about 35 weight percent magnesia, greater than 0 to about 35 weight percent calcia, and lithium oxide. Of fiberized products.
According to certain exemplary embodiments, the inorganic fibers comprise about 65 to about 86 weight percent silica, greater than 0 to about 35 weight percent magnesia, greater than 0 to about 35 weight percent calcia, and greater than 0. It contains up to about 5 weight percent lithium oxide fibrates.
According to certain exemplary embodiments, the inorganic fibers comprise about 65 to about 86 weight percent silica, 5 to about 35 weight percent magnesia, 1 to about 15 weight percent calcia, and about 0. 0.1 to about 5 weight percent of lithium oxide fiberized product.

According to certain exemplary embodiments, the inorganic fibers comprise about 65 to about 86 weight percent silica, greater than 0 to about 35 weight percent magnesia, about 0.1 to about 15 weight percent calcia, and about 0.1 to about 5 weight percent of lithium oxide fiberized.
According to certain exemplary embodiments, the inorganic fibers comprise about 65 to about 86 weight percent silica, greater than 0 to about 35 weight percent magnesia, about 0.1 to about 10 weight percent calcia, and about 0.1 to about 2 weight percent of lithium oxide fiberized.

According to certain exemplary embodiments, the inorganic fibers comprise about 65 to about 86 weight percent silica, greater than 0 to about 35 weight percent magnesia, about 0.1 to about 5 weight percent calcia, and about 0.1 to about 1 percent by weight of lithium oxide fiberized product.
According to certain exemplary embodiments, the inorganic fibers comprise about 65 to about 86 weight percent silica, greater than 0 to about 35 weight percent magnesia, about 0.1 to about 3 weight percent calcia, and about 0.1 to about 1 percent by weight of lithium oxide fiberized product.
According to certain exemplary embodiments, the inorganic fibers comprise about 65 to about 86 weight percent silica, about 5 to about 35 weight percent magnesia, about 0.1 to about 15 weight percent calcia, and about 0. 0.1 to about 5 weight percent of lithium oxide fiberized product.
According to certain exemplary embodiments, the inorganic fibers comprise about 65 to about 86 weight percent silica, about 5 to about 35 weight percent magnesia, more than about 15 weight percent calcia, and about. 1 to about 5 weight percent lithium oxide fibrates.
According to certain exemplary embodiments, the inorganic fibers comprise about 65 to about 86 weight percent silica, about 5 to about 35 weight percent magnesia, about 0.1 to about 10 weight percent calcia, and about 0. .1 to about 2 weight percent of lithium oxide fiberized.

According to certain exemplary embodiments, the inorganic fibers comprise about 65 to about 86 weight percent silica, about 5 to about 35 weight percent magnesia, more than about 10 weight percent calcia, and about. 1 to about 2 weight percent lithium oxide fiberized.
According to certain exemplary embodiments, the inorganic fibers comprise about 65 to about 86 weight percent silica, about 5 to about 35 weight percent magnesia, about 0.1 to about 5 weight percent calcia, and about 0. .1 to about 1 weight percent of lithium oxide fiberized product.
According to certain exemplary embodiments, the inorganic fibers comprise about 65 to about 86 weight percent silica, about 5 to about 35 weight percent magnesia, more than about 5 weight percent calcia, and about. 1 to about 1 weight percent of lithium oxide fiberized.

According to certain exemplary embodiments, the inorganic fibers comprise about 65 to about 86 weight percent silica, about 5 to about 35 weight percent magnesia, about 0.1 to about 3 weight percent calcia, and about 0. .1 to about 1 weight percent of lithium oxide fiberized product.
According to certain exemplary embodiments, the inorganic fibers comprise about 65 to about 86 weight percent silica, about 10 to about 25 weight percent magnesia, about 0.1 to about 15 weight percent calcia, and about 0. 0.1 to about 5 weight percent of lithium oxide fiberized product.
According to certain exemplary embodiments, the inorganic fibers comprise about 65 to about 86 weight percent silica, about 10 to about 25 weight percent magnesia, more than about 15 weight percent calcia, and about. 1 to about 5 weight percent lithium oxide fibrates.
According to certain exemplary embodiments, the inorganic fibers comprise about 65 to about 86 weight percent silica, about 10 to about 25 weight percent magnesia, about 0.1 to about 10 weight percent calcia, and about 0. .1 to about 2 weight percent of lithium oxide fiberized.

According to certain exemplary embodiments, the inorganic fibers comprise about 65 to about 86 weight percent silica, about 10 to about 25 weight percent magnesia, more than about 10 weight percent calcia, and about. 1 to about 2 weight percent lithium oxide fiberized.
According to certain exemplary embodiments, the inorganic fibers comprise about 65 to about 86 weight percent silica, about 10 to about 25 weight percent magnesia, about 0.1 to about 5 weight percent calcia, and about 0. .1 to about 1 weight percent of lithium oxide fiberized product.
According to certain exemplary embodiments, the inorganic fibers comprise about 65 to about 86 weight percent silica, about 10 to about 25 weight percent magnesia, more than about 5 weight percent calcia, and about 0.0. 1 to about 1 weight percent of lithium oxide fiberized.

According to certain exemplary embodiments, the inorganic fibers comprise about 65 to about 86 weight percent silica, about 10 to about 25 weight percent magnesia, about 0.1 to about 3 weight percent calcia, and about 0. .1 to about 1 weight percent of lithium oxide fiberized product.
According to certain exemplary embodiments, the inorganic fibers comprise about 65 to about 86 weight percent silica, about 10 to about 25 weight percent magnesia, more than about 3 weight percent calcia, and about 0.0. 1 to about 1 weight percent of lithium oxide fiberized.
According to certain exemplary embodiments, the inorganic fibers comprise about 65 to about 86 weight percent silica, greater than 0 to about 35 weight percent magnesia, greater than 0 to about 35 weight percent calcia, lithium oxide and Contains boria fiberized material.
According to certain exemplary embodiments, the inorganic fibers comprise about 65 to about 86 weight percent silica, about 10 to about 25 weight percent magnesia, more than about 10 weight percent calcia, about 0.1 From about 2 to about 2 weight percent lithium oxide and from about 0.1 to about 5 weight percent boria fibrates.

According to certain exemplary embodiments, the inorganic fibers comprise about 65 to about 86 weight percent silica, about 10 to about 25 weight percent magnesia, greater than about 10 weight percent calcia, lithium oxide and alumina. And fiberized combinations of boria.
According to certain exemplary embodiments, the inorganic fibers comprise about 65 to about 86 weight percent silica, about 10 to about 25 weight percent magnesia, more than about 10 weight percent calcia, about 0.1 About 2 to about 2 weight percent lithium oxide, about 0.1 to about 5 weight percent alumina, and about 0.1 to about 5 weight percent boria fibrates.

According to certain exemplary embodiments, the inorganic fibers comprise about 65 to about 86 weight percent silica, about 5 to about 35 weight percent magnesia, more than about 35 weight percent calcia, and more than zero. Includes up to about 2 weight percent lithium oxide fibrates.
According to certain exemplary embodiments, the inorganic fibers comprise about 65 to about 86 weight percent silica, about 5 to about 35 weight percent magnesia, more than about 35 weight percent calcia, and about. 1 to about 1.5 weight percent lithium oxide fibrates.

According to certain exemplary embodiments, the inorganic fibers comprise about 65 to about 86 weight percent silica, about 5 to about 35 weight percent magnesia, more than about 35 weight percent calcia, and about. 1 to about 1 weight percent of lithium oxide fiberized.
According to certain exemplary embodiments, the inorganic fibers comprise about 65 to about 86 weight percent silica, about 5 to about 35 weight percent magnesia, more than about 35 weight percent calcia, and about. 1 to about 0.75 weight percent of lithium oxide fibrates.
According to certain exemplary embodiments, the inorganic fibers comprise about 65 to about 86 weight percent silica, about 5 to about 35 weight percent magnesia, more than about 35 weight percent calcia, and about. 1 to about 0.5 weight percent of lithium oxide fiberized.

According to certain exemplary embodiments, the inorganic fibers comprise about 65 to about 86 weight percent silica, about 5 to about 35 weight percent magnesia, greater than 1 to about 35 weight percent calcia, greater than about 0. Up to 2 weight percent lithium oxide and alumina fiberization.
According to certain exemplary embodiments, the inorganic fibers comprise about 65 to about 86 weight percent silica, about 5 to about 35 weight percent magnesia, more than about 35 weight percent calcia, and about. 1 to about 2 weight percent of lithium oxide and alumina fiberized.
According to certain exemplary embodiments, the inorganic fibers comprise about 65 to about 86 weight percent silica, about 5 to about 35 weight percent magnesia, greater than 1 to about 35 weight percent calcia, greater than about 0. Includes up to 2 weight percent fibres of lithium oxide and boria.
According to certain exemplary embodiments, the inorganic fibers comprise about 65 to about 86 weight percent silica, about 5 to about 35 weight percent magnesia, more than about 35 weight percent calcia, and about. 1 to about 2 weight percent of lithium oxide and boria fiberized.
According to certain exemplary embodiments, the inorganic fiber comprises about 65 to about 86 weight percent silica, greater than 0 to about 35 weight percent magnesia, greater than 0 to about 35 weight percent calcia, greater than 0. Up to about 2 weight percent lithium oxide and fibrates of a combination of alumina and boria.

According to certain exemplary embodiments, the inorganic fibers comprise about 65 to about 86 weight percent silica, about 5 to about 35 weight percent magnesia, more than about 35 weight percent calcia, and about. 1 to about 2 weight percent of lithium oxide and a fiberized combination of alumina and boria.
According to certain exemplary embodiments, the inorganic fiber comprises about 65 to about 86 weight percent silica, greater than 0 to about 35 weight percent magnesia, greater than 0 to about 35 weight percent calcia, greater than 0. Up to about 2 weight percent lithium oxide, and greater than 0 to about 5 weight percent alumina fibrates.
According to certain exemplary embodiments, the inorganic fibers comprise about 65 to about 86 weight percent silica, greater than 0 to about 35 weight percent magnesia, greater than 0 to about 35 weight percent calcia, about 0.0. 1 to about 2 weight percent lithium oxide, and greater than 0 to about 5 weight percent alumina fibrates.

According to certain exemplary embodiments, the inorganic fibers comprise about 65 to about 86 weight percent silica, greater than 0 to about 35 weight percent magnesia, greater than 0 to about 35 weight percent calcia, about 0.0. 5 to about 2 weight percent lithium oxide, and more than 0 and up to about 5 weight percent alumina fiber.
According to certain exemplary embodiments, the inorganic fibers comprise about 65 to about 86 weight percent silica, greater than 0 to about 35 weight percent magnesia, greater than 0 to about 35 weight percent calcia, About 2 weight percent lithium oxide, and greater than 0 to about 5 weight percent alumina fiber.

According to certain exemplary embodiments, the inorganic fibers comprise about 65 to about 86 weight percent silica, greater than 0 to about 35 weight percent magnesia, greater than 0 to about 35 weight percent calcia, about 1. 5 to about 2 weight percent lithium oxide, and more than 0 and up to about 5 weight percent alumina fiber.
According to certain exemplary embodiments, the inorganic fibers comprise about 65 to about 86 weight percent silica, about 10 to about 35 weight percent magnesia, greater than 0 to about 15 weight percent calcia, greater than about 0. Includes up to 2 weight percent lithium oxide, and greater than 0 to about 5 weight percent alumina fiber.
According to certain exemplary embodiments, the inorganic fibers comprise about 65 to about 86 weight percent silica, about 10 to about 35 weight percent magnesia, about 0.1 to about 10 weight percent calcia, and about 0. .1 to about 2 weight percent of lithium oxide fiberized.

According to certain exemplary embodiments, the inorganic fibers comprise about 65 to about 86 weight percent silica, about 10 to about 35 weight percent magnesia, about 0.1 to about 10 weight percent calcia, and about 0. .1 to about 1.5 weight percent of lithium oxide fiberized product.
According to certain exemplary embodiments, the inorganic fibers comprise about 65 to about 86 weight percent silica, about 10 to about 35 weight percent magnesia, about 0.1 to about 10 weight percent calcia, and about 0. .1 to about 1 weight percent of lithium oxide fiberized product.
According to certain exemplary embodiments, the inorganic fibers comprise about 65 to about 86 weight percent silica, about 10 to about 35 weight percent magnesia, about 0.1 to about 10 weight percent calcia, and about 0. .1 to about 0.75 weight percent of lithium oxide fiberized product.

According to certain exemplary embodiments, the inorganic fibers comprise about 65 to about 86 weight percent silica, about 10 to about 35 weight percent magnesia, about 0.1 to about 10 weight percent calcia, and about 0. .1 to about 0.5 weight percent of lithium oxide fiberized product.
According to certain exemplary embodiments, the inorganic fiber comprises about 65 to about 86 weight percent silica, about 10 to about 35 weight percent magnesia, more than about 15 weight percent calcia, about 0.1 From about 0.1 to about 2 weight percent lithium oxide and from about 0.1 to about 5 weight percent alumina fiber.
According to certain exemplary embodiments, the inorganic fibers comprise about 70 to about 82 weight percent silica, about 10 to about 25 weight percent magnesia, more than about 15 weight percent calcia, about 0.1 From about 0.1 to about 2 weight percent lithium oxide and from about 0.1 to about 5 weight percent alumina fiber.

According to certain exemplary embodiments, the inorganic fibers comprise about 70 to about 82 weight percent silica, about 10 to about 25 weight percent magnesia, more than about 15 weight percent calcia, about 0.1 About 1.5 weight percent lithium oxide, and about 0.1 to about 5 weight percent alumina fiber.
According to certain exemplary embodiments, the inorganic fibers comprise about 70 to about 82 weight percent silica, about 10 to about 25 weight percent magnesia, more than about 15 weight percent calcia, about 0.1 From about 1 to about 1 weight percent lithium oxide, and from about 0.1 to about 5 weight percent alumina fiber.
According to certain exemplary embodiments, the inorganic fibers comprise about 70 to about 82 weight percent silica, about 10 to about 25 weight percent magnesia, more than about 15 weight percent calcia, about 0.1 From about 0.8 to about 0.8 weight percent lithium oxide and from about 0.1 to about 5 weight percent alumina fiber.

According to certain exemplary embodiments, the inorganic fibers comprise about 70 to about 82 weight percent silica, about 10 to about 25 weight percent magnesia, more than about 15 weight percent calcia, about 0.1 From about 0.1 to about 0.5 weight percent lithium oxide, and from about 0.1 to about 5 weight percent alumina fibrates.
According to certain exemplary embodiments, the inorganic fibers comprise about 65 to about 86 weight percent silica, about 10 to about 35 weight percent magnesia, greater than 0 to about 15 weight percent calcia, about 0.5 -About 2 weight percent lithium oxide, and greater than 0 to about 5 weight percent alumina fibrates.

According to certain exemplary embodiments, the inorganic fibers comprise about 65 to about 86 weight percent silica, about 10 to about 35 weight percent magnesia, more than about 15 weight percent calcia, about 0.5 From about 0.1 to about 2 weight percent lithium oxide and from about 0.1 to about 5 weight percent alumina fiber.
According to certain exemplary embodiments, the inorganic fibers comprise about 65 to about 86 weight percent silica, about 10 to about 25 weight percent magnesia, more than about 15 weight percent calcia, about 0.5 -About 2 weight percent lithium oxide, and greater than 0 to about 5 weight percent alumina fibrates.
According to certain exemplary embodiments, the inorganic fibers comprise about 70 to about 82 weight percent silica, about 10 to about 25 weight percent magnesia, more than about 15 weight percent calcia, about 0.5 From about 3 weight percent lithium oxide and from about 0.1 to about 5 weight percent alumina fiber.
According to certain exemplary embodiments, the inorganic fibers comprise about 70 to about 82 weight percent silica, about 10 to about 25 weight percent magnesia, more than about 15 weight percent calcia, about 0.5 From about 0.1 to about 2.5 weight percent lithium oxide, and from about 0.1 to about 5 weight percent alumina fiber.

According to certain exemplary embodiments, the inorganic fibers comprise about 70 to about 82 weight percent silica, about 10 to about 25 weight percent magnesia, more than about 15 weight percent calcia, about 0.5 From about 0.1 to about 2 weight percent lithium oxide and from about 0.1 to about 5 weight percent alumina fiber.
According to certain exemplary embodiments, the inorganic fibers comprise about 70 to about 82 weight percent silica, about 10 to about 25 weight percent magnesia, more than about 15 weight percent calcia, about 0.5 About 1.5 weight percent lithium oxide, and about 0.1 to about 5 weight percent alumina fiber.

According to certain exemplary embodiments, the inorganic fibers comprise about 70 to about 82 weight percent silica, about 10 to about 25 weight percent magnesia, more than about 15 weight percent calcia, about 0.5 From about 1 to about 1 weight percent lithium oxide, and from about 0.1 to about 5 weight percent alumina fiber.
According to certain exemplary embodiments, the inorganic fibers comprise about 65 to about 86 weight percent silica, about 10 to about 35 weight percent magnesia, greater than 0 to about 15 weight percent calcia, about 1 to about 2% by weight lithium oxide and more than 0 up to about 5% by weight alumina fibrates.

According to certain exemplary embodiments, the inorganic fibers comprise about 65 to about 86 weight percent silica, about 10 to about 35 weight percent magnesia, greater than 0 to about 15 weight percent calcia, about 1.5 -About 2 weight percent lithium oxide, and greater than 0 to about 5 weight percent alumina fibrates.
According to certain exemplary embodiments, the inorganic fibers comprise about 70 to about 82 weight percent silica, about 10 to about 25 weight percent magnesia, more than about 15 weight percent calcia, about 1 to about 2% by weight lithium oxide and about 0.1 to about 5% by weight alumina fibrates.

According to certain exemplary embodiments, the inorganic fibers comprise about 65 to about 86 weight percent silica, about 10 to about 35 weight percent magnesia, greater than 0 to about 6 weight percent calcia, greater than about 0. Includes up to 2 weight percent lithium oxide, and greater than 0 to about 5 weight percent alumina fiber.
According to certain exemplary embodiments, the inorganic fibers comprise about 65 to about 86 weight percent silica, about 10 to about 35 weight percent magnesia, greater than 0 to about 6 weight percent calcia, greater than about 0. Up to 1 weight percent lithium oxide and up to about 5 weight percent alumina fibrates.
According to certain exemplary embodiments, the inorganic fibers comprise about 65 to about 86 weight percent silica, about 10 to about 35 weight percent magnesia, greater than 0 to about 6 weight percent calcia, greater than about 0. Including up to 0.5 weight percent lithium oxide, and greater than 0 to about 5 weight percent alumina fiber.
According to certain exemplary embodiments, the inorganic fibers comprise about 65 to about 86 weight percent silica, about 10 to about 35 weight percent magnesia, more than about 6 weight percent calcia, about 0.1 From about 0.1 to about 2 weight percent lithium oxide and from about 0.1 to about 5 weight percent alumina fiber.
According to certain exemplary embodiments, the inorganic fibers comprise about 65 to about 86 weight percent silica, about 10 to about 35 weight percent magnesia, more than about 6 weight percent calcia, about 0.1 From about 1 to about 1 weight percent lithium oxide, and from about 0.1 to about 5 weight percent alumina fiber.
According to certain exemplary embodiments, the inorganic fiber comprises about 70 to about 82 weight percent silica, about 10 to about 25 weight percent magnesia, more than about 6 weight percent calcia, about 0.1 From about 0.1 to about 2 weight percent lithium oxide and from about 0.1 to about 5 weight percent alumina fiber.

According to certain exemplary embodiments, the inorganic fiber comprises about 70 to about 82 weight percent silica, about 10 to about 25 weight percent magnesia, more than about 6 weight percent calcia, about 0.1 From about 1 to about 1 weight percent lithium oxide, and from about 0.1 to about 5 weight percent alumina fiber.
According to certain exemplary embodiments, the inorganic fiber comprises about 65 to about 86 weight percent silica, about 10 to about 35 weight percent magnesia, greater than 0 to about 3 weight percent calcia, greater than about 0. Includes up to 2 weight percent lithium oxide, and greater than 0 to about 5 weight percent alumina fiber.
According to certain exemplary embodiments, the inorganic fiber comprises about 65 to about 86 weight percent silica, about 10 to about 35 weight percent magnesia, greater than 0 to about 3 weight percent calcia, greater than about 0. Up to 1 weight percent lithium oxide and up to about 5 weight percent alumina fibrates.

According to certain exemplary embodiments, the inorganic fiber comprises about 65 to about 86 weight percent silica, about 10 to about 35 weight percent magnesia, greater than 0 to about 3 weight percent calcia, greater than about 0. Including up to 0.5 weight percent lithium oxide, and greater than 0 to about 5 weight percent alumina fiber.
According to certain exemplary embodiments, the inorganic fibers comprise about 65 to about 86 weight percent silica, about 10 to about 35 weight percent magnesia, more than about 3 weight percent calcia, about 0.1 From about 0.1 to about 2 weight percent lithium oxide and from about 0.1 to about 5 weight percent alumina fiber.

According to certain exemplary embodiments, the inorganic fibers comprise about 65 to about 86 weight percent silica, about 10 to about 35 weight percent magnesia, more than about 3 weight percent calcia, about 0.1 From about 1 to about 1 weight percent lithium oxide, and from about 0.1 to about 5 weight percent alumina fiber.
According to certain exemplary embodiments, the inorganic fibers comprise about 70 to about 82 weight percent silica, about 10 to about 25 weight percent magnesia, more than about 3 weight percent calcia, about 0.1 From about 0.1 to about 2 weight percent lithium oxide and from about 0.1 to about 5 weight percent alumina fiber.

According to certain exemplary embodiments, the inorganic fibers comprise about 70 to about 82 weight percent silica, about 10 to about 25 weight percent magnesia, more than about 3 weight percent calcia, about 0.1 From about 1 to about 1 weight percent lithium oxide, and from about 0.1 to about 5 weight percent alumina fiber.
According to certain exemplary embodiments, the inorganic fibers comprise about 75 to about 82 weight percent silica, about 12 to about 25 weight percent magnesia, greater than 0 to about 3 weight percent calcia, greater than about 0. Up to 0.5 weight percent lithium oxide, and greater than 0 to about 3 weight percent alumina fibrates.
According to certain exemplary embodiments, the inorganic fibers comprise about 75 to about 82 weight percent silica, about 12 to about 25 weight percent magnesia, greater than 0 to about 3 weight percent calcia, greater than about 0. Lithium oxide up to 0.25 weight percent and alumina fiberization of greater than 0 to about 3 weight percent.
According to certain exemplary embodiments, the inorganic fibers comprise about 75 to about 82 weight percent silica, about 12 to about 25 weight percent magnesia, greater than 0 to about 3 weight percent calcia, greater than about 0. Including up to 0.1 weight percent lithium oxide, and greater than 0 to about 3 weight percent alumina fiber.

According to certain exemplary embodiments, the inorganic fibers comprise about 75 to about 82 weight percent silica, about 12 to about 25 weight percent magnesia, more than about 3 weight percent calcia, about 0.1 From about 1 to about 1 weight percent lithium oxide and from about 0.1 to about 3 weight percent alumina fiber.
According to certain exemplary embodiments, the inorganic fibers comprise about 75 to about 82 weight percent silica, about 12 to about 25 weight percent magnesia, more than about 3 weight percent calcia, about 0.1 From about 0.8 weight percent lithium oxide, and from about 0.1 to about 3 weight percent alumina fiber.
According to certain exemplary embodiments, the inorganic fibers comprise about 75 to about 82 weight percent silica, about 12 to about 25 weight percent magnesia, more than about 3 weight percent calcia, about 0.1 From about 0.1 to about 0.5 weight percent lithium oxide, and from about 0.1 to about 3 weight percent alumina fiber.

According to certain exemplary embodiments, the inorganic fibers comprise about 75 to about 82 weight percent silica, greater than 0 to about 22 weight percent magnesia, greater than about 3 weight percent calcia, greater than about 1 to about 1 Lithium oxide up to weight percent, and fiberized alumina of greater than 0 and up to about 3 weight percent.
According to certain exemplary embodiments, the inorganic fibers comprise about 75 to about 82 weight percent silica, 5 to about 22 weight percent magnesia, about 3 weight percent calcia, about 0.1 to about About 1 weight percent lithium oxide, and about 0.1 to about 3 weight percent alumina fiberized.

According to certain exemplary embodiments, the inorganic fibers comprise about 75 to about 82 weight percent silica, greater than 0 to about 22 weight percent magnesia, greater than about 4 weight percent calcia, greater than about 1 Lithium oxide up to weight percent, and fiberized alumina of greater than 0 and up to about 3 weight percent.
According to certain exemplary embodiments, the inorganic fibers comprise about 75 to about 82 weight percent silica, 5 to about 22 weight percent magnesia, about 4 weight percent calcia, about 0.1 to about About 1 weight percent lithium oxide, and about 0.1 to about 3 weight percent alumina fiberized.
According to certain exemplary embodiments, the inorganic fibers comprise about 75 to about 82 weight percent silica, greater than 0 to about 22 weight percent magnesia, greater than about 5 weight percent calcia, greater than about 1 Lithium oxide up to weight percent, and fiberized alumina of greater than 0 and up to about 3 weight percent.

According to certain exemplary embodiments, the inorganic fibers comprise about 75 to about 82 weight percent silica, greater than 5 to about 22 weight percent magnesia, greater than about 5 weight percent calcia, about 0.1 to about About 1 weight percent lithium oxide, and about 0.1 to about 3 weight percent alumina fiberized.
According to certain exemplary embodiments, the inorganic fibers comprise about 75 to about 82 weight percent silica, greater than 0 to about 22 weight percent magnesia, greater than about 6 weight percent calcia, greater than about 1 to about 1 Lithium oxide up to weight percent, and fiberized alumina of greater than 0 and up to about 3 weight percent.
According to certain exemplary embodiments, the inorganic fibers comprise about 75 to about 82 weight percent silica, 5 to about 22 weight percent magnesia, about 6 weight percent calcia, about 0.1 to about About 1 weight percent lithium oxide, and about 0.1 to about 3 weight percent alumina fiberized.
According to certain exemplary embodiments, the inorganic fibers comprise about 70 to about 80 weight percent silica, about 15 to about 30 weight percent magnesia, lithium oxide and calcia fibrosis.

According to certain exemplary embodiments, the inorganic fibers comprise about 70 to about 80 weight percent silica, about 15 to about 30 weight percent magnesia, greater than 0 to about 2 weight percent lithium oxide, and about 15 ˜about 30 weight percent calcia fibrates.
According to certain exemplary embodiments, the inorganic fibers comprise about 70 to about 80 weight percent silica, about 15 to about 30 weight percent magnesia, about 0.1 to about 2 weight percent lithium oxide, and about 15 to about 30 weight percent calcia fibrates.
According to certain exemplary embodiments, the inorganic fibers comprise about 70 to about 80 weight percent silica, about 15 to about 30 weight percent magnesia, greater than 0 to about 1 weight percent lithium oxide, and about 15 ˜about 30 weight percent calcia fibrates.
According to certain exemplary embodiments, the inorganic fibers comprise about 70 to about 80 weight percent silica, about 15 to about 30 weight percent magnesia, about 0.1 to about 1 weight percent lithium oxide, and about 15 to about 30 weight percent calcia fibrates.

According to certain exemplary embodiments, the inorganic fibers comprise about 70 to about 80 weight percent silica, about 15 to about 30 weight percent magnesia, greater than 0 to about 0.75 weight percent lithium oxide, and About 15 to about 30 weight percent calcia fibrates.
According to certain exemplary embodiments, the inorganic fibers comprise about 70 to about 80 weight percent silica, about 15 to about 30 weight percent magnesia, about 0.1 to about 0.75 weight percent lithium oxide, And from about 15 to about 30 weight percent calcia fibre.

  According to certain exemplary embodiments, the inorganic fibers comprise about 70 to about 80 weight percent silica, about 15 to about 30 weight percent magnesia, about 15 to about 30 weight percent calcium oxide, and lithium oxide. The amount of lithium oxide comprising fibrids is greater than 0 to about 1 weight percent lithium oxide, greater than 0 to about 0.9 weight percent lithium oxide, greater than 0 to about 0.8 weight percent lithium oxide , More than 0 to about 0.7 weight percent lithium oxide, more than 0 to about 0.6 weight percent lithium oxide, more than 0 to about 0.5 weight percent lithium oxide, more than 0 to about 0.4 weight percent Lithium oxide up to mass percent, lithium oxide greater than 0 up to about 0.3 mass percent, or greater than 0 about 0.25 quality Lithium oxide up to percent, up to about 0.2 weight percent lithium oxide, more than 0 up to about 0.175 weight percent lithium oxide, more than 0 up to about 0.15 weight percent lithium oxide, more than 0 More than about 0.125 weight percent lithium oxide, more than 0 to about 0.1 weight percent lithium oxide, more than 0 to about 0.075 weight percent lithium oxide, more than 0 to about 0.05 weight percent Lithium oxide, greater than 0 to about 0.025 weight percent lithium oxide, greater than 0 to about 0.0125 weight percent lithium oxide, or greater than 0 to about 0.01 weight percent lithium oxide .

According to certain exemplary embodiments, the inorganic fibers comprise about 70 to about 80 weight percent silica, about 15 to about 30 weight percent magnesia, greater than 0 to about 2 weight percent lithium oxide, about 15 to About 30 weight percent calcia, and greater than 0 to about 5 weight percent alumina fibrates.
According to certain exemplary embodiments, the inorganic fibers comprise about 70 to about 80 weight percent silica, about 15 to about 30 weight percent magnesia, about 0.1 to about 2 weight percent lithium oxide, about 15 -About 30 weight percent calcia, and greater than 0 to about 5 weight percent alumina fibrates.
According to certain exemplary embodiments, the inorganic fibers comprise about 70 to about 80 weight percent silica, about 15 to about 30 weight percent magnesia, about 0.1 to about 1 weight percent lithium oxide, about 15 -About 30 weight percent calcia, and greater than 0 to about 5 weight percent alumina fibrates.

According to certain exemplary embodiments, the inorganic fibers comprise about 70 to about 80 weight percent silica, about 15 to about 30 weight percent magnesia, greater than 0 to about 2 weight percent lithium oxide, about 15 to About 30 weight percent calcia, and greater than 0 to about 5 weight percent boria fibrates.
According to certain exemplary embodiments, the inorganic fibers comprise about 70 to about 80 weight percent silica, about 15 to about 30 weight percent magnesia, greater than 0 to about 2 weight percent lithium oxide, about 15 to About 30 weight percent calcia, and greater than 0 to about 5 weight percent of a combination of alumina and boria fibrates.

According to certain exemplary embodiments, the inorganic fibers comprise about 70 to about 80 weight percent silica, about 15 to about 30 weight percent magnesia, greater than 0 to about 1 weight percent lithium oxide, about 15 to About 30 weight percent calcia, and greater than 0 to about 5 weight percent alumina fibrates.
According to certain exemplary embodiments, the inorganic fibers comprise about 70 to about 80 weight percent silica, about 15 to about 30 weight percent magnesia, greater than 0 to about 1 weight percent lithium oxide, about 15 to About 30 weight percent calcia, and greater than 0 to about 5 weight percent boria fibrates.

According to certain exemplary embodiments, the inorganic fibers comprise about 70 to about 80 weight percent silica, about 15 to about 30 weight percent magnesia, greater than 0 to about 1 weight percent lithium oxide, about 15 to About 30 weight percent calcia, and greater than 0 to about 5 weight percent of a combination of alumina and boria fibrates.
According to certain exemplary embodiments, the inorganic fibers comprise about 70 to about 80 weight percent silica, about 15 to about 30 weight percent magnesia, greater than 0 to about 0.5 weight percent lithium oxide, about 15 to about 30 weight percent calcium oxide, and more than 0 and up to about 5 weight percent alumina fiber.
According to certain exemplary embodiments, the inorganic fibers comprise about 70 to about 80 weight percent silica, about 15 to about 30 weight percent magnesia, about 0.5 to about 2 weight percent lithium oxide, about 15 From about 0.1 to about 30 weight percent calcium oxide and from about 0.1 to about 5 weight percent alumina fiber.

According to certain exemplary embodiments, the inorganic fibers comprise about 70 to about 80 weight percent silica, about 15 to about 30 weight percent magnesia, greater than 0 to about 0.5 weight percent lithium oxide, about 15 to about 30 weight percent calcia, and greater than 0 to about 5 weight percent boria fibrates.
According to certain exemplary embodiments, the inorganic fibers comprise about 70 to about 80 weight percent silica, about 15 to about 30 weight percent magnesia, greater than 0 to about 0.5 weight percent lithium oxide, about 15 to about 30 weight percent calcium oxide, and more than 0 and up to about 5 weight percent alumina and boria combination fibrates.
According to certain exemplary embodiments, the inorganic fibers comprise about 79 weight percent silica, about 20 weight percent magnesia, greater than 0 to about 0.4 weight percent lithium oxide, greater than 0 to about 6 weight percent. And up to about 1.5 weight percent alumina fibrates.
According to certain exemplary embodiments, the inorganic fibers comprise about 76 to about 82 weight percent silica, about 10 to about 19 weight percent magnesia, about 0.1 to about 1 weight percent lithium oxide, 1 to Often includes up to about 6 weight percent calcia, and from about 0.5 to about 1.5 weight percent alumina fibrates.

According to certain exemplary embodiments, the inorganic fibers comprise about 76 to about 82 weight percent silica, about 10 to about 19 weight percent magnesia, about 0.1 to about 0.75 weight percent lithium oxide, From 1 to about 6 weight percent calcia, and from about 0.5 to about 1.5 weight percent alumina fiberized.
According to certain exemplary embodiments, the inorganic fibers comprise about 76 to about 82 weight percent silica, about 10 to about 19 weight percent magnesia, about 0.1 to about 0.5 weight percent lithium oxide, From 1 to about 6 weight percent calcia, and from about 0.5 to about 1.5 weight percent alumina fiberized.
According to certain exemplary embodiments, the inorganic fibers comprise about 76 to about 82 weight percent silica, about 10 to about 19 weight percent magnesia, about 0.1 to about 1 weight percent lithium oxide, 1 to Often includes up to about 5 weight percent calcia and from about 0.5 to about 1.5 weight percent alumina fibrates.

According to certain exemplary embodiments, the inorganic fibers comprise about 76 to about 82 weight percent silica, about 10 to about 19 weight percent magnesia, about 0.1 to about 1 weight percent lithium oxide, 1 to Often includes up to about 4 weight percent calcia and from about 0.5 to about 1.5 weight percent alumina fibrates.
According to certain exemplary embodiments, the inorganic fibers comprise about 76 to about 82 weight percent silica, about 10 to about 19 weight percent magnesia, about 0.1 to about 1 weight percent lithium oxide, 1 to Often includes up to about 3 weight percent calcia, and about 0.5 to about 1.5 weight percent alumina fibrates.

According to certain exemplary embodiments, the inorganic fibers comprise about 76 to about 82 weight percent silica, about 10 to about 19 weight percent magnesia, about 0.1 to about 1 weight percent lithium oxide, 1 to Often includes up to about 2 weight percent calcia, and from about 0.5 to about 1.5 weight percent alumina fibrates.
According to certain exemplary embodiments, the inorganic fibers comprise about 76 to about 82 weight percent silica, about 10 to about 19 weight percent magnesia, about 0.5 to about 1.5 weight percent lithium oxide, From 1 to about 6 weight percent calcia, and from about 0.5 to about 1.5 weight percent alumina fiberized.

According to certain exemplary embodiments, the inorganic fibers comprise about 76 to about 82 weight percent silica, about 10 to about 19 weight percent magnesia, about 0.5 to about 1.5 weight percent lithium oxide, From 1 to about 5 weight percent calcia, and from about 0.5 to about 1.5 weight percent alumina fiberized.
According to certain exemplary embodiments, the inorganic fibers comprise about 76 to about 82 weight percent silica, about 10 to about 19 weight percent magnesia, about 0.5 to about 1.5 weight percent lithium oxide, From 1 to about 4 weight percent calcia, and from about 0.5 to about 1.5 weight percent alumina fiberized.
According to certain exemplary embodiments, the inorganic fibers comprise about 76 to about 82 weight percent silica, about 10 to about 19 weight percent magnesia, about 0.5 to about 1.5 weight percent lithium oxide, More than 1, up to about 3 weight percent calcia, and from about 0.5 to about 1.5 weight percent alumina fiberized.
According to certain exemplary embodiments, the inorganic fibers comprise about 76 to about 82 weight percent silica, about 10 to about 19 weight percent magnesia, about 0.5 to about 1.5 weight percent lithium oxide, More than 1, up to about 2 weight percent calcia, and from about 0.5 to about 1.5 weight percent alumina fiberized.
According to certain exemplary embodiments, the inorganic fibers comprise about 75 to about 82 weight percent silica, about 12 to about 25 weight percent magnesia, about 1 to about 3 weight percent calcia, and more than about 0. Contains up to 2 percent by weight of Lithia fiber.

According to certain exemplary embodiments, the inorganic fibers comprise about 75 to about 82 weight percent silica, about 12 to about 25 weight percent magnesia, about 1 to about 3 weight percent calcia, and more than about 0. Contains up to 1 percent by weight of Lithia fiber.
According to certain exemplary embodiments, the inorganic fibers comprise about 75 to about 82 weight percent silica, about 12 to about 25 weight percent magnesia, about 1 to about 3 weight percent calcia, and more than about 0. Contains up to 0.75 weight percent Lithia fiber.
According to certain exemplary embodiments, the inorganic fibers comprise about 75 to about 82 weight percent silica, about 12 to about 25 weight percent magnesia, about 1 to about 3 weight percent calcia, and more than about 0. Contains up to 0.5 weight percent of Lithia fiber.

According to certain exemplary embodiments, the inorganic fibers comprise about 75 to about 82 weight percent silica, about 12 to about 25 weight percent magnesia, about 1 to about 3 weight percent calcia, greater than about 1 Includes up to weight percent Lithia, and greater than 0 to about 3 weight percent alumina fiber.
According to certain exemplary embodiments, the inorganic fibers comprise about 75 to about 82 weight percent silica, about 5 to about 25 weight percent magnesia, more than 3 weight percent calcia, and more than 0 about 2 weight percent. Contains up to percent Lithia fiber.
According to certain exemplary embodiments, the inorganic fibers are about 75 to about 82 weight percent silica, about 5 to about 25 weight percent magnesia, 3 weight percent calcia, and more than 0 about 1 weight. Contains up to percent Lithia fiber.

According to certain exemplary embodiments, the inorganic fibers comprise about 75 to about 82 weight percent silica, about 5 to about 25 weight percent magnesia, 3 weight percent calcia, and more than 0 about 0.00. Contains up to 75 percent by weight of Lithia fiber.
According to certain exemplary embodiments, the inorganic fibers comprise about 75 to about 82 weight percent silica, about 5 to about 25 weight percent magnesia, 3 weight percent calcia, and more than 0 about 0.00. Contains up to 5 percent by weight of Lithia fiber.
According to certain exemplary embodiments, the inorganic fibers comprise about 75 to about 82 weight percent silica, about 5 to about 25 weight percent magnesia, 3 weight percent calcia, greater than 0 to about 1 weight percent. And up to about 3 weight percent alumina fibrates.
According to certain exemplary embodiments, the inorganic fibers comprise about 75 to about 82 weight percent silica, about 5 to about 25 weight percent magnesia, about 3 to about 6 weight percent calcia, and more than about 0. Contains up to 2 percent by weight of Lithia fiber.

  In conjunction with all of the described inorganic fiber embodiments, and based on the amount of calcia listed in a given embodiment, in addition to magnesia, silica, a given fiber composition may have the intended calcia content. Is added in an amount greater than 0 to about 10 weight percent, greater than 0 to about 7.5 weight percent, greater than 0 to about 7 weight percent, greater than 0 to about 6.5 weight percent. An amount up to percent, an amount greater than 0 to an amount of about 6 mass percent, an amount greater than 0 to an amount of about 5.5 mass percent, an amount greater than 0 to an amount of about 5 mass percent, and an amount greater than 0 to about 4. Up to about 5 weight percent, up to about 4 weight percent, up to about 0 to about 3.5 weight percent, up to about 0 up to about 3 weight percent, up to about 0 2.5 mass percent Up to about 2 weight percent, up to about 0 up to about 1.5 weight percent, up to about 0 up to about 1 weight percent, up to about 0.5 and up to about 0.5 weight percent. In an amount up to about 0, in an amount greater than 0 to about 0.25, in an amount of about 0.1 to about 10 percent, in an amount of about 0.1 to about 9 percent, 1 to about 7.5 weight percent, about 0.1 to about 7 weight percent, about 0.1 to about 6.5 weight percent, about 0.1 to about 6 weight percent In an amount of about 0.1 to about 5.5 weight percent, in an amount of about 0.1 to about 5 weight percent, in an amount of about 0.1 to about 4.5 weight percent, About 0.1 to about 3 weight percent in an amount of about 0.1 to about 3.5 weight percent. Cent amounts, about 0.1 to about 2.5 weight percent, about 0.1 to about 2 weight percent, about 0.1 to about 1.5 weight percent, about 0 0.1 to about 1 weight percent, about 0.1 to about 0.5 weight percent, about 0.1 to about 10 weight percent, about 0.1 to about 0.25 weight percent In an amount of about 0.5 to about 10 weight percent, in an amount of about 0.5 to about 9 weight percent, in an amount of about 0.5 to about 7.5 weight percent, In an amount of about 7 weight percent, in an amount of about 0.5 to about 6.5 weight percent, in an amount of about 0.5 to about 6 weight percent, in an amount of about 0.5 to about 5.5 weight percent; About 0.5 to about 5 weight percent, about 0.5 to about 4.5 weight percent, about 0.5 to about 4 weight percent, about In an amount from 0.5 to about 3.5 weight percent, in an amount from about 0.5 to about 3 weight percent, in an amount from about 0.5 to about 2.5 weight percent, and from about 0.5 to about 2 weight percent; In an amount of about 0.5 to about 1.5 weight percent, in an amount of about 0.5 to about 1 weight, in an amount of about 1 to about 10 weight percent, about 1.5 to about 10 In an amount of from about 2 to about 10 percent by weight, in an amount from about 2.5 to about 10 percent by weight, in an amount from about 3 to about 10 percent by weight, from about 3.5 to about 10 percent by weight In an amount of about 4 to about 10 weight percent, in an amount of about 1 to about 6 weight percent, in an amount of about 1.5 to about 6 weight percent, in an amount of about 2 to about 6 weight percent, An amount of about 2.5 to about 6 percent by weight, an amount of about 3 to about 6 percent by weight, and an amount of about 3.5 to about 6 percent by weight , It may be contained in an amount of from about 4 to about 6 weight percent, or from about 5 to about 6 amount.

  In connection with all of the described inorganic fiber embodiments and based on the amount of lithium oxide listed in a given embodiment, in addition to magnesia, silica, a given fiber composition is intended Lithium oxide in an amount greater than 0 to about 5 weight percent, greater than 0 to about 4.5 weight percent, greater than 0 to about 4 weight percent, greater than 0 to about 3.5 weight percent In an amount up to percent, in an amount of greater than 0 to about 3 weight percent, in an amount of greater than 0 to about 2.5 weight percent, in an amount of greater than 0 to about 2 weight percent, greater than 0 and about 1. In an amount up to 5 weight percent, in an amount greater than 0 to about 1 weight percent, in an amount greater than 0 to about 0.8 weight percent, in an amount greater than 0 to about 0.5 weight percent, and from 0 About 0.3 mass par From about 0.1 to about 2 weight percent, from about 0.1 to about 1.5 weight percent, from about 0.1 to about 1 weight percent, and from about 0.1 to about 2 weight percent. 1 to about 0.9 weight percent, about 0.1 to about 0.8 weight percent, about 0.1 to about 0.7 weight percent, about 0.1 to about 0.00 weight percent. In an amount of 7 weight percent, in an amount of about 0.1 to about 0.6 weight percent, in an amount of about 0.1 to about 0.5 weight percent, in an amount of about 0.1 to about 0.4 weight percent In an amount of about 0.1 to about 0.3 weight percent, in an amount of about 0.1 to about 0.2 weight percent, in an amount of about 0.2 to about 2 weight percent, An amount of about 2 weight percent, an amount of about 0.4 to about 2 weight percent, an amount of about 0.5 to about 2 weight percent, an amount of about 0.6 to about 2 weight percent In an amount of about 0.7 to about 2 weight percent, in an amount of about 0.8 to about 2 weight percent, in an amount of about 0.9 to about 2 weight percent, in an amount of about 1 to about 2 weight percent , About 1.2 to about 2 weight percent, or about 1.5 to about 2 weight percent.

  In connection with all of the described inorganic fiber embodiments and based on the amount of alumina listed in a given embodiment, alkali metal oxides such as magnesia, silica, lithia, and additional alkalis such as calcia In addition to the earth oxide, a given fiber composition comprises alumina in an amount greater than 0 to about 4.5 weight percent, greater than 0 to about 4 weight percent, greater than 0 to about 3 In an amount up to 5 weight percent, in an amount greater than 0 and up to about 3 weight percent, in an amount greater than 0 and up to about 2.5 weight percent, in an amount greater than 0 and up to about 2 weight percent, greater than 0 In an amount up to about 1.5 weight percent, in an amount greater than 0 to about 1 weight percent, in an amount greater than 0 to about 0.8 weight percent, and in an amount greater than 0 to about 0.5 weight percent From 0 In an amount of up to about 0.3 weight percent, in an amount of about 0.1 to about 2 weight percent, in an amount of about 0.1 to about 1.5 weight percent, in an amount of about 0.1 to about 1 weight percent In an amount of about 0.1 to about 0.9 weight percent, in an amount of about 0.1 to about 0.8 weight percent, in an amount of about 0.1 to about 0.7 weight percent, 0.1 to about 0.7 weight percent, about 0.1 to about 0.6 weight percent, about 0.1 to about 0.5 weight percent, about 0.1 to about 0 In an amount of about 4 weight percent, in an amount of about 0.1 to about 0.3 weight percent, in an amount of about 0.1 to about 0.2 weight percent, in an amount of about 0.2 to about 2 weight percent; About 0.3 to about 2 weight percent, about 0.4 to about 2 weight percent, about 0.5 to about 2 weight percent, about 0.6 to about In an amount of about 0.7 to about 2 percent by weight, about 0.8 to about 2 percent by weight, about 0.9 to about 2 percent by weight, about 1 to about 2 It may be included in a weight percent amount, in an amount of about 1.2 to about 2 weight percent, or in an amount of about 1.5 to about 2 weight percent.

In connection with all of the described inorganic fiber embodiments and based on the amount of iron oxide listed in a given embodiment, alkali metal oxides such as magnesia, silica, lithia, and additional such as calcia In addition to the alkaline earth oxide, a given fiber composition comprises iron oxide in an amount of about 2 weight percent or less, in an amount of about 1.5 weight percent or less, in an amount of about 1 weight percent or less. It may be present in an amount up to about 0.75 weight percent, in the range of about 0.1 to about 1, or in the range of about 0.1 to about 0.5.
According to any of the above inorganic fiber compositions, the high temperature resistant inorganic fibers exhibit a linear shrinkage of no more than 5% when exposed to a use temperature of 1260 ° C. or higher for 24 hours, after exposure to the use temperature. Maintains mechanical integrity and exhibits low in vivo durability in physiological fluids.

According to any of the above inorganic fiber compositions, the high temperature resistant inorganic fibers exhibit a linear shrinkage of no more than 4% when exposed to a use temperature of 1260 ° C. or higher for 24 hours, after exposure to the use temperature. Maintains mechanical integrity and exhibits low in vivo durability in physiological fluids.
Any of the inorganic fiber compositions described above exhibit 10% or less linear shrinkage when exposed to a use temperature of 1400 ° C. or higher for 24 hours and maintain mechanical integrity after exposure to the use temperature. Thus, a high temperature resistant inorganic fiber exhibiting low in vivo durability in physiological fluid is provided.
According to any of the above embodiments, the high temperature resistant inorganic fibers exhibit a linear shrinkage of no more than 5% when exposed to a use temperature of 1400 ° C. or higher for 24 hours, and are mechanically complete after exposure to the use temperature. Maintain low in vivo durability in physiological fluids.

Also, a method of making any one of the exemplary embodiments described above, (1) silica, magnesia, and at least one alkaline earth different from at least an alkali metal oxide and magnesium oxide Forming a molten melt of a component comprising a synergistic amount with a metal oxide, optionally alumina, optionally boria, and optionally zirconia, and (2) from the molten melt of the component A method is also provided that includes forming a fiber.
According to certain embodiments, the method of making inorganic fibers of any one of the exemplary embodiments described above is (1) different from silica, magnesia, and one alkali metal oxide and magnesia. Forming a melt with a synergistic amount of two alkaline earth metal oxides, optionally alumina, optionally boria, and optionally zirconia, and (2) molten components Forming fibers from the melt.
According to certain embodiments, the method of making the inorganic fiber of any one of the exemplary embodiments described above includes (1) silica, magnesia, and a synergistic amount of calcia and lithium oxide, any Forming a melt of a component comprising optionally alumina, optionally boria, and optionally zirconia, and (2) forming a fiber from the melt of the component.

A method for preparing a fiber includes forming a molten melt of components including about 65 to about 86 weight percent silica, greater than 0 to about 35 weight percent magnesia, calcia, and lithium oxide, and Forming fibers from the molten melt.
The method for preparing the fibers is a melt of components including about 65 to about 86 weight percent silica, greater than 0 to about 35 weight percent magnesia, greater than 0 to about 35 weight percent calcia, and lithium oxide. Forming a melt.
Methods for preparing the fibers include about 65 to about 86 weight percent silica, greater than 0 to about 35 weight percent magnesia, greater than 0 to about 35 weight percent calcia, and greater than 0 to about 2 weight percent. Forming a molten melt of the component comprising the lithium oxide, and forming a fiber from the molten melt of the component.

The process for preparing the fibers includes about 65 to about 86 weight percent silica, greater than 0 to about 35 weight percent magnesia, greater than 0 to about 35 weight percent calcia, greater than 0 to about 2 weight percent. Forming a molten melt of the component comprising lithium oxide and greater than 0 to about 5 weight percent alumina, and forming a fiber from the molten melt of the component.
The process for preparing the fibers includes about 65 to about 86 weight percent silica, about 10 to about 35 weight percent magnesia, greater than 0 to about 15 weight percent calcia, greater than 0 to about 2 weight percent oxidation. Forming a molten melt of the component comprising lithium and greater than 0 to about 5 weight percent alumina, and forming fibers from the molten melt of the component.

The method for preparing the fibers includes about 75 to about 82 weight percent silica, about 12 to about 25 weight percent magnesia, greater than 0 to about 3 weight percent calcia, greater than 0 to about 0.1 weight percent. Forming a molten melt of a component comprising a lithium oxide of and about 0 to about 3 weight percent alumina, and forming a fiber from the molten melt of the component.
The process for preparing the fibers includes about 75 to about 82 weight percent silica, greater than 0 to about 22 weight percent magnesia, greater than about 3 weight percent calcia, greater than 0 to about 1 weight percent lithium oxide. And forming a molten melt of the component comprising more than 0 and up to about 3 weight percent alumina, and forming fibers from the molten melt of the component.

Numerous specific exemplary embodiments of methods for making inorganic fibers are listed above in this specification, but any amount of the raw components of the fiber composition disclosed herein may provide the fibers. Note that it can be used in the method of making.
Also, an article with a fibrous insulation prepared from a plurality of high temperature resistant and low in vivo durable inorganic fibers disclosed herein, as described in any of the disclosed exemplary embodiments above. A method of thermal insulation is also provided.
The method comprises silica, magnesia, and at least one alkaline earth metal oxidation different from at least one alkali metal oxide and magnesia on, in, near, or around the article to be insulated. Including disposing a thermal insulation material comprising a plurality of any of the disclosed inorganic fibers including a synergistic amount with the article, optionally alumina, optionally boria, and optionally a zirconia fiberized product. .
The method comprises the steps of synthesizing silica, magnesia, and lithium oxide and calcia, optionally alumina, optionally boria on, in, near, or around the article to be insulated. And optionally disposing a thermal insulation material comprising a plurality of inorganic fibers comprising a zirconia fiber.

The method includes about 65 to about 86 weight percent silica, greater than 0 to about 35 weight percent magnesia, calcia, and lithium oxide on, in, near, or around the article to be insulated. It arrange | positions the heat insulation material containing the some inorganic fiber containing the fiberized material of this.
The method includes about 65 to about 86 weight percent silica, greater than 0 to about 35 weight percent magnesia, greater than 0 to about 35 on, in or near the article to be insulated. Disposing a thermal insulation material comprising a plurality of inorganic fibers including up to mass percent calcia and lithium oxide fibrates.

The method includes about 65 to about 86 weight percent silica, greater than 0 to about 35 weight percent magnesia, greater than 0 to about 35 on, in or near the article to be insulated. Disposing a thermal insulation material comprising a plurality of inorganic fibers comprising up to weight percent calcia, and greater than 0 up to about 2 weight percent lithium oxide fibrates.
The method includes about 65 to about 86 weight percent silica, greater than 0 to about 35 weight percent magnesia, greater than 0 to about 35 on, in or near the article to be insulated. Disposing a thermal insulation material comprising a plurality of inorganic fibers including up to 0 weight percent calcia, more than 0 up to about 2 weight percent lithium oxide, and up to about 5 weight percent alumina fibrates.

The method comprises about 65 to about 86 weight percent silica, about 10 to about 35 weight percent magnesia, greater than about 0 to about 15 weight on, in or near the article to be insulated. Disposing a thermal insulation material comprising a plurality of inorganic fibers including up to percent calcia, up to about 2 weight percent lithium oxide, and up to about 5 weight percent alumina fibrates.
The method comprises about 75 to about 82 weight percent silica, about 12 to about 25 weight percent magnesia, about 0 to about 3 weight on, in, near, or around the article to be insulated. Including disposing a thermal insulation material comprising a plurality of inorganic fibers including up to percent calcia, up to about 0.1 weight percent lithium oxide, and up to about 3 weight percent alumina fiberized material. .

The method comprises about 75 to about 82 weight percent silica, greater than 0 to about 22 weight percent magnesia, greater than about 3 weight percent on, in, near, or around the article to be insulated. It includes disposing a thermal insulation material comprising a plurality of inorganic fibers including many calcias, greater than 0 to about 1 weight percent lithium oxide, and greater than 0 to about 3 weight percent alumina fiber.
Although a number of specific exemplary embodiments of methods of making inorganic fibers are listed above in this specification, it is noted that any of the disclosed inorganic fiber compositions can be used in a method of insulating an article. I want.
Also blankets, blocks, boards, caulking compositions, cement compositions, coatings, felts, mats, moldable compositions, modules, paper, pumpable compositions, putty. Composition, sheet, tamping mixture, vacuum cast shape, vacuum cast form, or fabric (eg, but not limited to blade, cloth, fabric, rope, tape, sleeving There is also provided an inorganic fiber-containing article comprising a plurality of inorganic fibers of any one of the exemplary embodiments described above in the form of a core.
In order to make a glass composition a promising candidate for producing fiber products with sufficient high temperature resistance, the fibers produced are manufacturable and sufficiently soluble in physiological fluids (ie, It must be capable of withstanding high temperatures with minimal shrinkage and minimal loss of mechanical integrity during exposure to high operating temperatures.

The inorganic fiber of the present invention exhibits low in vivo durability in physiological fluids. “Low in vivo durability” in physiological fluids means, at least in part, that inorganic fibers dissolve in such fluids, such as simulated lung fluid, during in vitro testing.
In vivo durability can be tested by measuring the rate of mass loss (ng / cm ² -hour) from the fiber under conditions that simulate the temperature and chemical conditions found in the human lung. This test consists of exposing approximately 0.1 g of de-shotted fiber to 50 ml of simulated lung fluid (“SLF”) for 6 hours. The entire test system is maintained at 37 ° C. to simulate human body temperature.
After exposing the SLF to the fiber, the fiber is collected and analyzed for glass components using inductively coupled plasma spectroscopy. A “blank” SLF sample is also measured and used to calibrate the elements present in the SLF. Given this data, it is possible to calculate the rate at which the fiber loses mass over the time interval of the study. This fiber has significantly lower in vivo durability in simulated lung fluid than normal refractory ceramic fibers and is at least as soluble as magnesium silicate fibers without the intended addition of calcia and lithium oxide. Have.

To measure the dissolution rate of fibers in simulated lung fluid, approximately 0.1 g of fiber is placed in a 50 ml centrifuge tube containing simulated lung fluid warmed to 37 ° C. This is then placed in a shaking incubator for 6 hours and stirred at 100 cycles / minute. At the end of the test, the tube is centrifuged and the solution is poured into a 60 ml syringe. The solution is then passed through a 0.45 μm filter to remove particulates and tested for glass components using inductively coupled plasma spectroscopy. This test can be performed using either a near neutral pH solution or an acidic solution. Although there is no specific dissolution rate criterion, fibers having a dissolution value exceeding 100 ng / cm ² -hour are considered to indicate fibers that are not in vivo durable. The composition for simulated lung fluid was used to test the durability of the fiber composition of the present invention.

To approximately 18 liters of deionized water, the above reagents are added sequentially in the amounts shown in the table above. Dilute the mixture to 20 liters with deionized water and continue to stir the contents for at least 15 minutes with a magnetic stir bar or other suitable means.
“Viscosity” refers to the ability of a glass melt to withstand flow or shear stress. The relationship between viscosity and temperature is important in determining whether a given glass composition can be fiberized. The optimal viscosity curve will have a low viscosity (5-50 poise) at the fiberization temperature and will gradually increase as the temperature decreases. If the melt does not have sufficient viscosity at the fiberization temperature (ie too thin), short thin fibers containing a high proportion of non-fibrotic material (shots) result. If the melt viscosity is too high at the fiberization temperature, the resulting fibers will be very coarse (large in diameter) and short.

  Viscosity depends on the chemical nature of the melt, and such properties are also affected by factors or compounds that act as viscosity modifiers. Viscosity modifiers allow the fibers to be blown or spun from the fiber melt. However, it is desirable that such viscosity modifiers do not adversely affect the solubility, shrinkage resistance, or mechanical strength of the blown or spun fibers, either by type or amount.

  One approach for testing whether fibers of a defined composition can be easily manufactured at an acceptable quality level is that the viscosity curve of experimental chemistry is that of a known product that can be easily fiberized. Is to determine if it matches. The viscosity-temperature profile can be measured with a viscometer capable of operating at elevated temperatures. In addition, a sufficient viscosity profile can be inferred by routine experiments examining the quality (indicator, diameter, length) of the produced fiber. The shape of the viscosity versus temperature curve for the glass composition is the ease with which the melt fiberizes, and thus the quality of the resulting fiber (eg, affects fiber shot content, fiber diameter, and fiber length). Represents. Glass generally has a low viscosity at high temperatures. As the temperature decreases, the viscosity increases. The value of viscosity at a given temperature will vary with composition, and the overall steepness of the viscosity vs. temperature curve will vary as well. The fiber melt composition of the present invention has an easily manufacturable fiber viscosity profile.

The linear shrinkage of inorganic fibers is an excellent measure of fiber dimensional stability at high temperatures or its performance at a specific continuous practical or use temperature. The fibers are tested for shrinkage by forming the fibers into a mat and needle punching the mat together into a pad having a density of approximately 4-10 pounds per cubic foot and a thickness of about 1 inch. Such a pad is cut into 3 inch by 5 inch pieces and a platinum pin is inserted into the surface of the material. The separation distance of these pins is then carefully measured and recorded. The pad is then placed in a furnace and gradually warmed up and held at that temperature for a certain period. After heating, pin separation is measured again to determine the linear shrinkage experienced by the pad.
In one such test, the length and width of the fiber pad was carefully measured and the pad was placed in the furnace and allowed to reach 1260 ° C or 1400 ° C for 24 or 168 hours. After cooling, the transverse dimension was measured and the linear shrinkage was determined by comparing the measurement “before” and the measurement “after”. If the fiber is available in the form of a blanket, the measurement can be made directly on the blanket without having to form a pad.

Mechanical integrity is also an important property because the fiber must support its own weight in any application, and must also be able to withstand abrasion due to air or gas movement. An indication of fiber integrity and mechanical strength is provided by visual and tactile observations, as well as mechanical measurements, of these properties in the fibers after exposure to operating temperatures. The ability of a fiber to maintain integrity after exposure to use temperature can also be measured mechanically by testing for compressive strength and compressibility. Each of these tests measures how easily the pad can deform after 50% compression and how much elasticity (or compression recovery) the pad exhibits. Visual and tactile observations indicate that the inorganic fibers of the present invention remain intact and remain in their form after exposure to use temperatures of at least 1260 ° C or 1400 ° C.
Low in vivo durable inorganic fibers are made by standard glass and ceramic fiber manufacturing methods. Use raw materials, such as silica, and any suitable magnesia source, such as pyroxene, dolomite, magnesia, magnesite, calcined magnesite, magnesium zirconate, periclase, steatite, or talc Can do. Any suitable lithium-containing compound can be used as the lithium oxide source. Lithium may be included in the fiber melt as Li ₂ CO ₃ . If the fiber melt includes zirconia, any suitable zirconia source can be used such as, for example, badereite, magnesium zirconate, zircon or zirconia. The material is introduced into a suitable furnace where it is melted and blown or spun using a fiberizing nozzle in either batch or continuous mode.
According to certain embodiments, the inorganic fibers of the present invention have an average diameter of 4 μm or more.

  Inorganic fibers containing the intended synergistic amount of lithium oxide and calcia combinations are useful for thermal insulation applications at continuous practical or operating temperatures of at least 1260 ° C, 1400 ° C or higher. According to certain embodiments, the fibers containing lithium oxide and calcium oxide are useful for thermal insulation applications at continuous practical or operating temperatures of at least 1400 ° C. and contain calcium oxide and addition of lithium oxide. It has been discovered that the magnesium silicate fibers do not melt until they are exposed to temperatures of 1500 ° C. or higher.

  Inorganic fibers can be prepared by fiber blowing or fiber spinning techniques. Suitable fiber blowing techniques include mixing together starting raw materials containing magnesia, silica, lithium oxide, calcium oxide, additional viscosity modifier, and optional zirconia to form a component material mixture, component Introducing the material mixture into a suitable container or container, melting the component material mixture for discharge through a suitable nozzle, and introducing high pressure gas onto the discharged flow of the molten component material mixture. Spraying to form fibers.

A suitable fiber spinning technique involves mixing the starting raw materials together to form a component material mixture, introducing the component material mixture into a suitable container or container, and providing a suitable nozzle on the spinning wheel. Melting the material mixture of the components for release through. The melted stream is then flowed stepwise over a spinning wheel to coat the spinning wheel and form fibers by swinging it with centripetal force.
In some embodiments, the fibers are flowed from the raw material melt by exposing the molten stream to a jet of high pressure / high velocity air or by pouring the melt onto a rapidly spinning spinning wheel. Produced by spinning.

In addition to the calcium oxide-containing compound and the lithium oxide-containing compound, the viscosity of the component material melt is optionally adjusted to that of other viscosity modifiers in an amount sufficient to provide the necessary fiberization for the desired application. It may be controlled by presence. Viscosity modifiers may be present in the raw materials that supply the major constituents of the melt, or at least partially may be added separately. The desired particle size of the raw material is determined by furnace conditions such as furnace size (SEF), pouring rate, melt temperature, residence time, and the like.
The fibers may be manufactured with existing fiberization technology and formed into multiple insulation product forms, including but not limited to bulk fibers, fiber-containing blankets, boards, paper, felts , Mats, blocks, modules, coatings, cement, moldable compositions, pumpable compositions, putties, ropes, blades, cores, fabrics (eg cloth, tape, sleeving, strings, yarns, etc.) And vacuum casting molds and composites. The fibers can be used as a substitute for conventional refractory ceramic fibers in combination with conventional materials utilized in the production of fiber-containing blankets, vacuum casting molds and composites. The fibers may be used alone or in combination with other materials, such as binders, in the production of paper and felt containing the fibers.
The fibers can be easily melted by standard glass heating methods and fiberized by standard RCF fiberizing devices and are not in vivo durable in simulated body fluids.
High temperature resistant inorganic fibers are easily manufacturable from melts with improved viscosity suitable for blowing or spinning fibers, are non-durable in physiological fluids, and have good mechanical properties up to practical temperatures It exhibits strength and exhibits excellent linear shrinkage up to and above 1400 ° C., presenting improved viscosity for fiberization.

  The following examples further illustrate exemplary embodiments of inorganic fibers and illustrate methods of preparing inorganic fibers, methods of preparing thermal insulation articles containing fibers, and methods of using fibers as thermal insulation materials. It is described in order to do this. However, the examples should not be construed as limiting the process of making or using fibers in any way as fibers, articles containing fibers, or insulation.

Line Shrinkage A shrink pad was prepared by puncturing the fiber mat using a set of felt needles. A 3 inch x 5 inch test piece was cut from the pad and used for shrinkage testing. The length and width of the test pad was carefully measured. The test pad was then placed in a furnace and brought to a temperature of 1400 ° C. for 24 hours. After heating for 24 hours, the test pad was removed from the test furnace and cooled. After cooling, the length and width of the test pad were measured again. The linear shrinkage of the test pad was determined by comparing the dimensional measurement “before” and the dimensional measurement “after”.
A second shrink pad was prepared in a manner similar to that disclosed for the first shrink pad. However, the second shrink pad was placed in the furnace and brought to a temperature of 1260 ° C. for 24 hours. After heating for 24 hours, the test pad was removed from the test furnace and cooled. After cooling, the length and width of the test pad were measured again. The linear shrinkage of the test pad was determined by comparing the dimensional measurement “before” and the dimensional measurement “after”.

Compression Recovery The ability of inorganic fibers to retain mechanical strength after exposure to use temperature was evaluated by a compression recovery test. Compression recovery is a measure of the mechanical performance of inorganic fibers in response to exposure of the fibers to the desired use temperature over a given period of time. Compression recovery is measured by firing a test pad made from inorganic fiber material to a test temperature for a selected period of time. The fired test pads are then compressed to half their thickness and allowed to rebound spontaneously. The amount of rebound is measured as a percent recovery of the compressed pad thickness. Compression recovery was measured after exposure to service temperature at 1260 ° C. for 24 and 168 hours, and 1400 ° C. for 24 and 168 hours.

Fiber dissolution Inorganic fibers are either non-durable in physiological fluids or not durable in vivo. “Non-durable” or “not in-vivo durable” in a physiological fluid means at least part of the inorganic fibers in the fluid such as simulated lung fluid during in vitro testing described below. It means to dissolve or decompose.
The in vivo durability test measures the rate of mass loss (ng / cm ² -hour) from the fiber under conditions that simulate the temperature and chemical conditions found in the human lung. In particular, the fiber exhibits low in vivo durability in simulated lung fluid at a pH of about 7.4.
To measure the dissolution rate of fibers in simulated lung fluid, approximately 0.1 g of fiber is placed in a 50 ml centrifuge tube containing simulated lung fluid warmed to 37 ° C. This is then placed in a shaking incubator for 6 hours and stirred at 100 cycles / minute. At the end of the test, the tube is centrifuged and the solution is poured into a 60 ml syringe. The solution is then passed through a 0.45 μm filter to remove any particulates and tested for glass components using inductively coupled plasma spectroscopy. This test can be performed using either a near neutral pH solution or an acidic solution. Although there is no specific dissolution rate criterion, fibers having a dissolution value exceeding 100 ng / cm ² -hour are considered to indicate fibers that are not in vivo durable.

Table I shows the fiber melt chemistry for various comparative fiber samples and fiber samples of the present invention.

Table II shows the median fiber diameter for the fibers of Table I, as well as the thickness (inches) and density (pcf) of blankets prepared from the fibers.

  Table III shows the results for fiber shrinkage after exposure to 1260 ° C and 1400 ° C for 24 hours.

Table III shows that the magnesium silicate inorganic fiber composition, which includes a synergistic combination of calcium oxide and lithium oxide as a component of the fiberized product, has no intended addition of calcium oxide and lithium oxide. When compared to, it shows lower linear shrinkage at both 1260 ° C and 1400 ° C.
Table IV shows the compression recovery and solubility results for the fibers of Table I after 24 hours exposure to 1260 ° C and 1400 ° C.

  Table IV shows that a magnesium silicate inorganic fiber composition comprising a synergistic combination of calcium oxide and lithium oxide intended as a component of the fiberized product is silicic acid without the intended addition of calcium oxide and lithium oxide. It shows improved compression recovery at both 1260 ° C and 1400 ° C when compared to magnesium inorganic fibers. A magnesium silicate inorganic fiber composition that includes a synergistic combination of calcium oxide and lithium oxide as a component of the fiberized product exhibits an average compression recovery of at least 50% after 24 hours exposure to 1260 ° C. A magnesium silicate inorganic fiber composition comprising a synergistic combination of calcium oxide and lithium oxide as a component of the fiberized product exhibits an average compression recovery of at least 10% after being exposed to 1400 ° C. for 24 hours.

Table V shows the compressive strength results for the fibers of Table I after 24 hours exposure to 1260 ° C and 1400 ° C.

  While inorganic fibers, thermal insulation, methods of preparing inorganic fibers, and methods of thermal insulation of articles using thermal insulation have been described with various embodiments, other similar embodiments may be used to perform the same function. It is to be understood that modifications and additions may be made to the described embodiments. In addition, various exemplary embodiments can be combined to produce a desired result. Therefore, the inorganic fiber, the heat insulating material, the method for preparing the inorganic fiber, and the method for heat insulating the article using the heat insulating material are not limited to any single embodiment, but are described in the appended claims. Should be construed in width and range according to the details. It should be understood that the embodiments described herein are exemplary only, and that variations and modifications can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. All such variations and modifications are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention as described above. Moreover, all disclosed embodiments are not necessarily alternatives, and various embodiments of the invention can be combined to provide the desired result.

While inorganic fibers, thermal insulation, methods of preparing inorganic fibers, and methods of thermal insulation of articles using thermal insulation have been described with various embodiments, other similar embodiments may be used to perform the same function. It is to be understood that modifications and additions may be made to the described embodiments. In addition, various exemplary embodiments can be combined to produce a desired result. Therefore, the inorganic fiber, the heat insulating material, the method for preparing the inorganic fiber, and the method for heat insulating the article using the heat insulating material are not limited to any single embodiment, but are described in the appended claims. Should be construed in width and range according to the details. It should be understood that the embodiments described herein are exemplary only, and that variations and modifications can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. All such variations and modifications are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention as described above. Moreover, all disclosed embodiments are not necessarily alternatives, and various embodiments of the invention can be combined to provide the desired result.
Another aspect of the present invention may be as follows.
[1] An inorganic fiber containing a fiberized product of silica, about 5 mass percent or more of magnesia, about 1 mass percent or more of calcia, and at least one alkali metal oxide. Inorganic fibers exhibiting a shrinkage of 5% or less after time exposure.
[2] comprising a fiberized product of about 65 to about 86 weight percent silica, about 5 to about 35 weight percent magnesia, about 1 weight percent or more calcia, and greater than 0 to about 2 weight percent Lithia The inorganic fiber according to [1].
[3] comprising a fiberized product of about 65 to about 86 weight percent silica, about 5 to about 35 weight percent magnesia, about 1 weight percent or more calcia, and greater than 0 to about 1 weight percent Lithia. The inorganic fiber according to [1].
[4] comprising a fiberized product of about 70 to about 85 weight percent silica, about 10 to about 25 weight percent magnesia, about 1 weight percent or more calcia, and greater than 0 to about 5 weight percent Lithia. The inorganic fiber according to [1].
[5] comprising a fiberized product of about 70 to about 85 weight percent silica, about 10 to about 25 weight percent magnesia, about 1 weight percent or more calcia, and greater than 0 to about 1 weight percent Lithia. The inorganic fiber according to [1].
[6] about 70 to about 85 weight percent silica, about 10 to about 25 weight percent magnesia, about 1 weight percent or more calcia, more than 0 to about 2 weight percent Lithia, more than about 0 The inorganic fiber according to [1] above, comprising a fiberized product of up to 3 mass percent alumina.
[7] A fiberized product of about 75 to about 82 weight percent silica, about 12 to about 25 weight percent magnesia, about 1 to about 3 weight percent calcia, and greater than 0 to about 2 weight percent Lithia. Inorganic fiber as described in said [1] containing.
[8] A fiberized product of about 75 to about 82 weight percent silica, about 12 to about 25 weight percent magnesia, about 1 to about 3 weight percent calcia, and greater than 0 to about 1 weight percent Lithia. The inorganic fiber according to [7], including
[9] from about 75 to about 82 weight percent silica, from about 12 to about 25 weight percent magnesia, from about 1 to about 3 weight percent calcia, and from greater than 0 to about 0.75 weight percent Lithia. The inorganic fiber according to [7], including a fiberized product.
[10] about 75 to about 82 weight percent silica, about 12 to about 25 weight percent magnesia, about 1 to about 3 weight percent calcia, and greater than 0 to about 0.5 weight percent lithia; The inorganic fiber according to [7], including a fiberized product.
[11] from about 75 to about 82 weight percent silica, from about 12 to about 25 weight percent magnesia, from about 1 to about 3 weight percent calcia, from greater than 0 to about 1 weight percent Lithia; The inorganic fiber according to the above [7], comprising a fiberized product of alumina up to about 3 mass percent.
[12] comprising a fiberized product of about 75 to about 82 weight percent silica, about 5 to about 25 weight percent magnesia, more than 3 weight percent calcia, and more than 0 to about 2 weight percent lithia The inorganic fiber according to [1].
[13] comprising a fiberized product of about 75 to about 82 weight percent silica, about 5 to about 25 weight percent magnesia, more than 3 weight percent calcia, and more than 0 to about 1 weight percent lithia The inorganic fiber according to [12].
[14] A fiberized product of about 75 to about 82 weight percent silica, about 5 to about 25 weight percent magnesia, more than 3 weight percent calcia, and more than 0 to about 0.75 weight percent Lithia. The inorganic fiber as described in [12] above.
[15] A fiberized product of about 75 to about 82 weight percent silica, about 5 to about 25 weight percent magnesia, more than 3 weight percent calcia, and more than 0 to about 0.5 weight percent Lithia. The inorganic fiber as described in [12] above.
[16] about 75 to about 82 weight percent silica, about 5 to about 25 weight percent magnesia, more than 3 weight percent calcia, more than 0 to about 1 weight percent Lithia, more than about 0 The inorganic fiber according to [12] above, comprising a fiberized product of up to 3 mass percent alumina.
[17] A fiberized product of about 75 to about 82 weight percent silica, about 5 to about 25 weight percent magnesia, about 3 to about 6 weight percent calcia, and greater than 0 to about 2 weight percent Lithia. The inorganic fiber as described in [12] above.
[18] Bulk fiber, blanket, block, board, caulking composition, cement composition, coating, felt, mat, moldable composition, module, paper, pumpable composition, putty composition, sheet An inorganic fiber-containing article comprising at least one of a tamping mixture, a vacuum cast model, a vacuum cast mold, or a fabric, blade, cloth, fabric, rope, tape, sleeving, core material, An article comprising a plurality of inorganic fibers including the fiberized product according to any one of [1] to [17].

Claims (18)

  An inorganic fiber comprising a fiber of silica, greater than about 5 weight percent magnesia, greater than about 1 weight percent calcia, and at least one alkali metal oxide, exposed to a temperature of 1400 ° C. for 24 hours. An inorganic fiber having a shrinkage of 5% or less.   A fiberized product of about 65 to about 86 weight percent silica, about 5 to about 35 weight percent magnesia, about 1 weight percent or more calcia, and greater than 0 to about 2 weight percent Lithia. The inorganic fiber according to 1.   A fiberized product of about 65 to about 86 weight percent silica, about 5 to about 35 weight percent magnesia, about 1 weight percent or more calcia, and greater than 0 to about 1 weight percent lithia. The inorganic fiber according to 1.   A fiberized product of about 70 to about 85 weight percent silica, about 10 to about 25 weight percent magnesia, about 1 weight percent or more calcia, and greater than 0 to about 5 weight percent lithia. The inorganic fiber according to 1.   A fiberized product of about 70 to about 85 weight percent silica, about 10 to about 25 weight percent magnesia, about 1 weight percent or more calcia, and greater than 0 to about 1 weight percent lithia. The inorganic fiber according to 1.   About 70 to about 85 weight percent silica, about 10 to about 25 weight percent magnesia, about 1 weight percent or more calcia, more than 0 to about 2 weight percent Lithia, and more than 0 to about 3 weight percent The inorganic fiber according to claim 1, comprising a fiberized product of up to alumina.   Comprising a fiberized product of about 75 to about 82 weight percent silica, about 12 to about 25 weight percent magnesia, about 1 to about 3 weight percent calcia, and greater than 0 to about 2 weight percent Lithia; The inorganic fiber according to claim 1.   Comprising a fiberized product of about 75 to about 82 weight percent silica, about 12 to about 25 weight percent magnesia, about 1 to about 3 weight percent calcia, and greater than 0 to about 1 weight percent Lithia; The inorganic fiber according to claim 7.   A fiberized product of about 75 to about 82 weight percent silica, about 12 to about 25 weight percent magnesia, about 1 to about 3 weight percent calcia, and greater than 0 to about 0.75 weight percent Lithia. The inorganic fiber of Claim 7 containing.   A fiberized product of about 75 to about 82 weight percent silica, about 12 to about 25 weight percent magnesia, about 1 to about 3 weight percent calcia, and greater than 0 to about 0.5 weight percent Lithia. The inorganic fiber of Claim 7 containing.   About 75 to about 82 weight percent silica, about 12 to about 25 weight percent magnesia, about 1 to about 3 weight percent calcia, more than 0 to about 1 weight percent Lithia, and more than 0 to about 3 The inorganic fiber according to claim 7, comprising a fiberized product with up to mass percent alumina.   A fiberized product of about 75 to about 82 weight percent silica, about 5 to about 25 weight percent magnesia, more than 3 weight percent calcia, and more than 0 to about 2 weight percent lithia. The inorganic fiber according to 1.   A fiberized product of about 75 to about 82 weight percent silica, about 5 to about 25 weight percent magnesia, more than 3 weight percent calcia, and more than 0 to about 1 weight percent lithia. 12. Inorganic fiber according to 12.   Comprising a fiberized product of about 75 to about 82 weight percent silica, about 5 to about 25 weight percent magnesia, more than 3 weight percent calcia, and more than 0 to about 0.75 weight percent lithia; The inorganic fiber according to claim 12.   Comprising a fiberized product of about 75 to about 82 weight percent silica, about 5 to about 25 weight percent magnesia, more than 3 weight percent calcia, and more than 0 to about 0.5 weight percent Lithia; The inorganic fiber according to claim 12.   About 75 to about 82 weight percent silica, about 5 to about 25 weight percent magnesia, more than 3 weight percent calcia, more than 0 to about 1 weight percent Lithia, more than 0 to about 3 weight percent The inorganic fiber according to claim 12, comprising a fiberized product of up to alumina.   Comprising a fiberized product of about 75 to about 82 weight percent silica, about 5 to about 25 weight percent magnesia, about 3 to about 6 weight percent calcia, and greater than 0 to about 2 weight percent Lithia; The inorganic fiber according to claim 12.   Bulk fiber, blanket, block, board, caulking composition, cement composition, coating, felt, mat, moldable composition, module, paper, pumpable composition, putty composition, sheet, tamping mixture 18. An article containing inorganic fibers, comprising at least one of: a vacuum casting model, a vacuum casting mold, or a fabric, blade, cloth, fabric, rope, tape, sleeving, core material, An article comprising a plurality of inorganic fibers comprising the fiberized product according to any one of the above.