JP2019218207A - Dust scattering prevention material - Google Patents
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、粉塵飛散防止材に関する。 The present invention relates to a dust scattering prevention material.
土壌貯蔵施設や工事現場においては、風による土壌表層の飛散や雨による土壌の流出を防止するため、日々の作業の終了時に即日覆土したり、シートで覆ったりしている。土壌が粉塵として飛散することを防止するものとして、例えば特許文献１に開示されているように、生分解性樹脂を含有する粉塵飛散防止材を土壌の表層に散布する方法が知られている。 In soil storage facilities and construction sites, soil is covered immediately or covered with sheets at the end of daily work in order to prevent the surface of the soil from being scattered by the wind and the soil from flowing out due to rain. As a method for preventing the soil from scattering as dust, for example, as disclosed in Patent Document 1, a method of spraying a dust scattering prevention material containing a biodegradable resin on a surface layer of soil is known.
生分解性樹脂を含有する粉塵飛散防止材は、所望の期間中に粉塵飛散防止効果が得られ、且つ、その後に生分解性を発揮することが望ましい。特許文献１に開示されている粉塵飛散防止材は、必ずしも所望の期間に亘る粉塵飛散防止効果が得られない。 It is desirable that the dust scattering preventing material containing the biodegradable resin has an effect of preventing dust scattering during a desired period, and then exhibits biodegradability. The dust scattering prevention material disclosed in Patent Literature 1 does not necessarily achieve the dust scattering prevention effect over a desired period.
そこで本発明は、粉塵の飛散防止効果が高く、且つ、適度な生分解性を備える粉塵飛散防止材を提供することを目的とする。 Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a dust scattering prevention material having a high dust scattering prevention effect and having an appropriate biodegradability.
本発明は、水と、ポリ乳酸と、増粘剤とを含有する粉塵飛散防止材であって、増粘剤以外の成分の合計体積を１００体積％としたときのポリ乳酸の濃度が０．０１〜１０体積％であり、増粘剤以外の成分の合計重量を１００質量％としたときの増粘剤の濃度が０．０１〜１．０質量％である。 The present invention relates to a dust scattering prevention material containing water, polylactic acid and a thickener, wherein the concentration of polylactic acid is 0.1% when the total volume of components other than the thickener is 100% by volume. The content of the thickener is 0.01 to 1.0% by mass when the total weight of the components other than the thickener is 100% by mass.
この粉塵飛散防止材は、適度な粘性を有しているので散布しやすい。そして、散布した粉塵飛散防止材は土壌の表面で皮膜を形成するため、土壌の表面から粉塵が飛散することが防止される。また、形成される皮膜は数か月程度に亘る飛散防止効果を奏するとともに、その後に生分解する適度な生分解性を有している。 Since this dust scattering prevention material has an appropriate viscosity, it is easy to spray. Further, since the dispersed dust scattering preventing material forms a film on the surface of the soil, dust is prevented from scattering from the surface of the soil. In addition, the formed film has an effect of preventing scattering for several months and has an appropriate biodegradability to be subsequently biodegraded.
ここで、ポリ乳酸の濃度は０．５〜１０体積％であることが好ましく、増粘剤の濃度は０．１〜１．０質量％であることが好ましい。また、増粘剤の濃度は０．１〜０．８質量％であることが好ましく、増粘剤は多糖類であることが好ましい。 Here, the concentration of the polylactic acid is preferably 0.5 to 10% by volume, and the concentration of the thickener is preferably 0.1 to 1.0% by mass. The concentration of the thickener is preferably 0.1 to 0.8% by mass, and the thickener is preferably a polysaccharide.
本発明によれば、粉塵の飛散防止効果が高く、且つ、適度な生分解性を備える粉塵飛散防止材を提供することができる。 ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the dust scattering prevention material with a high dust scattering prevention effect and moderate biodegradability can be provided.
以下、本発明の好適な実施形態について詳細に説明する。本実施形態の粉塵飛散防止材は、土壌の表層に散布する液状の混合物であって、水と、ポリ乳酸と、増粘剤とを含有する。 Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail. The dust scattering prevention material of the present embodiment is a liquid mixture that is sprayed on the surface layer of soil, and contains water, polylactic acid, and a thickener.
ポリ乳酸の濃度（含有量）は、増粘剤以外の成分の合計体積を１００体積％としたとき０．０１〜１０体積％である。この濃度は、０．０２〜８体積％であることがより好ましい。また、この濃度は０．５〜１０体積％であってもよく、１．０〜８体積％であってもよい。濃度がこれらの範囲内にあると、粉塵飛散防止材の粘性が散布に程よい状態に維持され、且つ、土壌に散布した場合に土壌の表面に高分子からなる皮膜を形成することができる。また、ポリ乳酸は生分解性を有しているので、形成された皮膜を土壌から回収しなくても、土壌中の微生物によって分解される。 The concentration (content) of the polylactic acid is 0.01 to 10% by volume when the total volume of the components other than the thickener is 100% by volume. This concentration is more preferably 0.02 to 8% by volume. The concentration may be 0.5 to 10% by volume or 1.0 to 8% by volume. When the concentration is within these ranges, the viscosity of the dust scattering preventing material is maintained in a state suitable for spraying, and a film made of a polymer can be formed on the surface of soil when sprayed on soil. In addition, since polylactic acid has biodegradability, it is decomposed by microorganisms in the soil without collecting the formed film from the soil.
増粘剤の濃度（含有量）は、増粘剤以外の成分の合計重量を１００質量％としたとき０．０１〜１．０質量％である。この濃度は、０．０１〜０．８質量％であることが好ましく、０．０２〜０．７質量％であることがより好ましく、０．０３〜０．６質量％であることが更に好ましい。また、この濃度は０．１〜１．０質量％である。この濃度は、０．１〜０．８質量％であることが好ましく、０．２〜０．７質量％であることがより好ましく、０．３〜０．６質量％であることが更に好ましい。増粘剤は、粉塵飛散防止材の粘性を高くし、特に、対象土壌の含水比が高い場合に粉塵飛散防止材を適用するのに役立つ。増粘剤の含有量が１．０重量％を超えると粉塵飛散防止材の粘性が高くなり、散布しにくくなる傾向がある。 The concentration (content) of the thickener is 0.01 to 1.0% by mass when the total weight of components other than the thickener is 100% by mass. This concentration is preferably from 0.01 to 0.8% by mass, more preferably from 0.02 to 0.7% by mass, even more preferably from 0.03 to 0.6% by mass. . This concentration is 0.1 to 1.0% by mass. This concentration is preferably from 0.1 to 0.8% by mass, more preferably from 0.2 to 0.7% by mass, and still more preferably from 0.3 to 0.6% by mass. . The thickener increases the viscosity of the dust scattering prevention material, and is particularly useful for applying the dust scattering prevention material when the water content of the target soil is high. When the content of the thickener exceeds 1.0% by weight, the viscosity of the dust scattering preventing material is increased, and it tends to be difficult to spray.
増粘剤としては、水溶性であることが好ましく、中でも多糖類が好ましい。多糖類としては、グァーガム、アラビアガム、キサンタンガム、カルボキシメチルセルロース、タマリンドシードガム、カラギーナン、カラヤガム、スクシノグリカン、ローカストビーンガム、大豆多糖類、プルラン、サイリウムシードガム、カードラン、アルギン酸・ＰＧＡ、ジェランガム、グルコマンナン、寒天、ペクチン等が挙げられる。これらの中でもガラクトマンナンを主成分とするグァーガムやキサンタンガムが好ましい。 The thickener is preferably water-soluble, and among them, polysaccharide is preferable. As polysaccharides, guar gum, gum arabic, xanthan gum, carboxymethylcellulose, tamarind seed gum, carrageenan, karaya gum, succinoglycan, locust bean gum, soy polysaccharide, pullulan, psyllium seed gum, curdlan, alginic acid / PGA, gellan gum, Glucomannan, agar, pectin and the like. Among them, guar gum and xanthan gum containing galactomannan as a main component are preferable.
粉塵飛散防止材は、可塑剤を含有していてもよい。可塑剤の濃度（含有量）は、増粘剤以外の成分の合計体積を１００体積％としたとき０．２〜７体積％であることが好ましく、０．４〜５体積％であることがより好ましい。可塑剤を含有していると、形成される皮膜の柔軟性が向上し、皮膜形成後に土壌表面の凹凸が変化した場合に形状が追従しやすいので、皮膜が割れにくい。 The dust scattering preventing material may contain a plasticizer. The concentration (content) of the plasticizer is preferably 0.2 to 7% by volume, and more preferably 0.4 to 5% by volume, when the total volume of the components other than the thickener is 100% by volume. More preferred. When a plasticizer is contained, the flexibility of the formed film is improved, and the shape easily follows the unevenness of the soil surface after the formation of the film, so that the film is not easily broken.
粉塵飛散防止材は、消泡剤や防腐剤その他の添加材を含有していてもよい。 The dust scattering preventing material may contain an antifoaming agent, a preservative and other additives.
粉塵飛散防止材の調製方法としては、ポリ乳酸を適量の水に混合して溶解させた後に、加水して上記組成割合とする方法が好ましい。例えば、ポリ乳酸を、ポリ乳酸の１倍〜３倍の体積の水に混合し（つまりポリ乳酸として２５体積％〜５０体積％とし）、これを常温で、又は加温しながら撹拌して溶解させる。そして、全体の組成割合が上記組成割合の範囲内となるように水を追加する。最後に、増粘剤を上記含有量となるように添加して撹拌する。また、各時点でダマが発生したときには、混合液を濾過してダマを取り除いてもよい。このようにして粉塵飛散防止材を調製することができる。 As a method for preparing the dust scattering preventing material, a method in which polylactic acid is mixed and dissolved in an appropriate amount of water and then water is added to obtain the above composition ratio is preferable. For example, polylactic acid is mixed with water of 1 to 3 times the volume of polylactic acid (that is, 25% to 50% by volume as polylactic acid), and dissolved by stirring at room temperature or while heating. Let it. Then, water is added so that the total composition ratio is within the range of the above composition ratio. Finally, a thickener is added so as to have the above content, and the mixture is stirred. Further, when lumps are generated at each time, the lumps may be removed by filtering the mixed solution. Thus, the dust scattering preventing material can be prepared.
上記のようにして調製された粉塵飛散防止材は、上記組成割合を有しているので、適度な粘性を有しており散布しやすい。そして、散布された粉塵飛散防止材は土壌の表面で皮膜を形成するため、土壌の表層から粉塵が飛散することが防止される。また、形成される皮膜は数か月程度に亘る飛散防止効果を奏するとともに、その後に生分解する適度な生分解性を有している。 Since the dust scattering preventive material prepared as described above has the above composition ratio, it has an appropriate viscosity and is easy to spray. Then, since the dispersed dust scattering preventing material forms a film on the surface of the soil, the scattering of the dust from the surface layer of the soil is prevented. In addition, the formed film has an effect of preventing scattering for several months and has an appropriate biodegradability to be subsequently biodegraded.
また、粉塵飛散防止材は増粘剤を含んでいるので、粉塵飛散防止材が土壌に含まれる水で薄まったとしても十分な皮膜を形成することができる。例えば、降雨直後等のように土壌の含水比が高い場合は、散布した粉塵飛散防止材が土壌中の水によって薄まることが考えられるが、増粘剤の添加によって粘性が高められているので、土壌に浸み込みにくく、土壌の表面に皮膜が形成されて飛散防止効果が奏される。 Further, since the dust scattering preventing material contains a thickener, a sufficient film can be formed even if the dust scattering preventing material is diluted with water contained in the soil. For example, when the water content of the soil is high, such as immediately after rainfall, it is conceivable that the sprayed dust scattering prevention material is diluted by water in the soil, but since the viscosity is increased by the addition of a thickener, It is difficult to penetrate into the soil, and a film is formed on the surface of the soil, so that the effect of preventing scattering is exhibited.
粉塵飛散防止材の散布方法としては、散水車（機）、ハイドロシーダー（車）、ディストリビュータ、ウオータージェット、解体現場の粉塵散水用、無線式散水機（重機）、散水スプリンクラー等を用いる方法が挙げられる。 Examples of the method of spraying the dust scattering prevention material include a method using a watering machine (machine), a hydroseeder (vehicle), a distributor, a water jet, dusting water at a demolition site, a wireless watering machine (heavy machine), a watering sprinkler, and the like. Can be
以上、本発明の好適な実施形態について説明したが、本発明は上記実施形態に何ら限定されるものではない。 As described above, the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments.
以下、実験例を挙げて本発明の粉塵飛散防止材（以下、単に「飛散防止材」と呼ぶ。）をより具体的に説明する。なお、本発明は下記実験例に限定されるものではない。 Hereinafter, the dust scattering preventing material of the present invention (hereinafter, simply referred to as “scattering preventing material”) will be described more specifically with reference to experimental examples. The present invention is not limited to the following experimental examples.
使用した飛散防止材は以下のとおりである。
・飛散防止材Ａ
ポリ酢酸ビニル：水＝４０：６０の体積比で含み、更に、これらの合計体積に対してポリビニルアルコールを０．５体積％以下で含む混合液を用意した。これに水を加えて５倍の体積になるように希釈した。希釈後の重量を１００質量％とみなしたとき、０．５質量％となる量で、増粘剤としてのグァーガムを０．５質量％添加した。これを飛散防止材Ａとする。
・飛散防止材Ｄ
ポリ乳酸を３５〜４４％、水を５６〜６５％含む混合物（ミヨシ油脂株式会社製、商品名「ＬＡＮＤＹ ＰＬ−３０００」）に対し、水を加えて２５〜５０倍の体積になるよう希釈した。希釈後の重量を１００質量％とみなしたとき、０．５質量％となる量で、増粘剤としてのグァーガムを添加した。これを飛散防止材Ｄとする。
・飛散防止材Ｅ
ポリ酢酸ビニル系飛散防止材（クリタ工業社製、商品名「クリコート７２０Ｃ」）に水を加えて１０倍の体積になるように希釈した。これを飛散防止材Ｅとする。
・飛散防止材Ｆ
生分解性を有する天然高分子を含有する飛散防止材（不二サッシ社製、商品名「フライネットＲ」）に水を加えて１０倍の体積になるように希釈した。これを飛散防止材Ｆとする。
・飛散防止材Ｇ
不溶性ポリマーを含有する飛散防止材（ウェストコットウェスト社製、商品名「ダストッパー」）に水を加えて１０倍の体積になるように希釈した。これを飛散防止材Ｇとする。
The scattering prevention materials used are as follows.
・ Splash prevention material A
A mixed solution containing polyvinyl acetate: water at a volume ratio of 40:60, and further containing polyvinyl alcohol at 0.5% by volume or less based on the total volume thereof was prepared. Water was added to this to dilute it to 5 times the volume. When the weight after dilution was regarded as 100% by mass, 0.5% by mass of guar gum as a thickener was added in an amount of 0.5% by mass. This is referred to as a scattering prevention material A.
・ Shatterproof material D
Water was added to a mixture containing 35 to 44% of polylactic acid and 56 to 65% of water (manufactured by Miyoshi Oil & Fat Co., Ltd., trade name "LANDY PL-3000") to dilute to a volume of 25 to 50 times. . Guar gum as a thickener was added in an amount of 0.5% by mass when the weight after dilution was regarded as 100% by mass. This is designated as a scattering prevention material D.
・ Shatterproof material E
Water was added to a polyvinyl acetate-based anti-scattering material (manufactured by Kurita Kogyo Co., Ltd., trade name "Cricoat 720C") to dilute to 10 times the volume. This is designated as a scattering prevention material E.
・ Shatterproof material F
Water was added to a shatterproof material (trade name "Flynet R", manufactured by Fujisashi Co., Ltd.) containing a biodegradable natural polymer, and diluted to 10 times the volume. This is referred to as a scattering prevention material F.
・ Shatterproof material G
Water was added to a scattering prevention material containing an insoluble polymer (trade name "Dustpper", manufactured by Westcott West Co., Ltd.) to dilute to 10 times the volume. This is referred to as a scattering prevention material G.
＜膜厚と硬度＞
６．０ｃｍ×４．０ｃｍの長方形にカットした５枚のポリプロピレン製のシートの上に、マイクロピペットを用いて飛散防止材Ａ，Ｄ，Ｅ，Ｆ，Ｇをそれぞれ５．０ｍｌずつ塗布し、室温で２４時間養生した。
<Film thickness and hardness>
Spray prevention materials A, D, E, F, and G were applied to each of 5.0 polypropylene sheets cut into a rectangular shape of 6.0 cm × 4.0 cm using a micropipette by 5.0 ml each. For 24 hours.
膜厚の測定としては、シートから剥がした皮膜をクーラントマイクロメータで挟み、隙間がなくなるまでツマミを回してデジタルの数値を読み取ることで行った。硬度の測定としては、ＩＳＯ ４５８６−２に準拠し、スプリング荷重ひっかき硬度試験器を皮膜に押し当て、膜に穴が開くまで荷重をかけ、穴が開く直前の硬度を求めることで行った。これらの結果を表１に示す。 The film thickness was measured by sandwiching the film peeled from the sheet with a coolant micrometer, turning the knob until there was no gap, and reading a digital value. The hardness was measured according to ISO 4586-2 by pressing a spring-loaded scratch hardness tester against the film, applying a load to the film until a hole was formed, and determining the hardness immediately before the hole was formed. Table 1 shows the results.
表１に示した結果から、飛散防止材Ｄを用いた場合（実施例１）では、他の例と同等程度の膜厚及び硬度を有していることが分かる。 From the results shown in Table 1, it can be seen that when the anti-scattering material D was used (Example 1), the film thickness and hardness were almost equivalent to those of the other examples.
＜急性魚毒性試験＞
ＯＥＣＤ（Ｇｕｉｄｅｌｉｎｅ ｆｏｒ Ｔｅｓｔｉｎｇ ｏｆ Ｃｈｅｍｉｃａｌｓ ２０３（１９９２））、及び、ＪＩＳ Ｋ ０１０２：２０１６の工場排水試験方法「７１．魚類による急性毒性試験」に準拠し、９６時間急性毒性試験を実施してＬＣ５０（Ｍｅｄｉａｎ ｌｅｔｈａｌ ｃｏｎｃｅｎｔｒａｔｉｏｎ：半致死濃度）を求めた。
<Acute fish toxicity test>
According to OECD (Guideline for Testing of Chemicals 203 (1992)) and JIS K 0102: 2016 factory wastewater test method “71. Acute toxicity test by fish”, a 96-hour acute toxicity test is performed and LC 50 ( The median lethal concentration (semi-lethal concentration) was determined.
体長１．８〜２．０ｃｍ、体重０．０６〜０．０８ｇのヒメダカ１０匹を用いた。飛散防止材Ａ，Ｂ，Ｃ，Ｅ，Ｆ，Ｇについて、それぞれ５種類の濃度（１００ｍｇ／Ｌ、１８０ｍｇ／Ｌ、３２０ｍｇ／Ｌ、５６０ｍｇ／Ｌ、１０００ｍｇ／Ｌ）の試験水を調製し、試験濃度区とした。水は脱塩素した水道水を用いた。 Ten medaka, 1.8 to 2.0 cm in length and 0.06 to 0.08 g in weight, were used. For each of the scattering prevention materials A, B, C, E, F, and G, test water was prepared at five concentrations (100 mg / L, 180 mg / L, 320 mg / L, 560 mg / L, and 1000 mg / L), and tested. The concentration group was used. The water used was dechlorinated tap water.
各試験濃度区にヒメダカを入れ、２４時間後、４８時間後、７２時間後、９６時間後に死亡数を記録するとともに、異常な外観や行動を記録した。各試験濃度区のヒメダカの死亡数から死亡率を算出し、統計的手法を用いて９６時間後のＬＣ５０を算出した。結果を表２に示す。表２において、１００％生存濃度は全匹で異常が観察されなかった濃度であり、異常確認濃度は１匹でも異常が観察された最低濃度である。濃度が１０００ｍｇ／Ｌでも全匹が生存していた場合は「＞１００００」と表示している。 Red medaka was placed in each test concentration group, and the number of deaths was recorded 24 hours, 48 hours, 72 hours, and 96 hours later, and abnormal appearance and behavior were recorded. Calculating mortality from deaths killifish of each test concentration group was calculated LC 50 after 96 hours using a statistical method. Table 2 shows the results. In Table 2, the 100% survival concentration is the concentration at which no abnormality was observed in all animals, and the abnormality confirmation concentration is the lowest concentration at which abnormality was observed in at least one animal. Even if the concentration is 1000 mg / L, if all the animals survived, ">10000" is displayed.
表２に示した結果から、いずれの例でもＬＣ５０が１００ｍｇ／Ｌ以上であり、有害分類対象外とされる「水生生物に対して比較的害が少ない」分類に該当した。 From the results shown in Table 2, the LC 50 In both examples is a 100 mg / L or more, and corresponds to the "relatively harmless small to aquatic organisms" Classification as harmful Not applicable.
＜屋外曝露試験＞
粘性土の乾燥土壌をバットに入れ、これに飛散防止材Ａ，Ｄ，Ｅ，Ｆ，Ｇを２Ｌ／ｍ２散布し、２日間養生した。送風機を稼働（風速１０ｍ／ｓ×１０分）し、粉塵飛散量を測定した。その後、毎日屋外曝露を続け、定期的に粉塵飛散量を測定した。
<Outdoor exposure test>
Dry clay soil was placed in a vat, and scattering prevention materials A, D, E, F, and G were sprayed at 2 L / m 2 on the vat and cured for 2 days. The blower was operated (wind speed: 10 m / s × 10 minutes), and the amount of scattered dust was measured. Thereafter, outdoor exposure was continued every day, and the amount of dust scattering was periodically measured.
測定した粉塵飛散量（単位はグラム）の結果を表３及び図１，２に示す。ここで図１は、表３に示した値のうち飛散防止材Ａ，Ｄ，Ｅについて２日後〜１８０日後の粉塵飛散量を示しており、図２は、表３に示した値のうち飛散防止材Ａ，Ｄ，Ｅ，Ｆ，Ｇについて２日後〜１２０日後の粉塵飛散量を示している。 Table 3 and FIGS. 1 and 2 show the results of the measured dust scattering amount (unit: grams). Here, FIG. 1 shows the amount of dust scattering after 2 days to 180 days for the anti-scattering materials A, D, and E among the values shown in Table 3, and FIG. For the prevention materials A, D, E, F, and G, the amount of dust scattered after 2 to 120 days is shown.
これらの結果から、飛散防止材Ｅ（比較例２）、飛散防止材Ｆ（比較例３）、飛散防止材Ｇ（比較例４）を用いた場合は、飛散防止効果が紫外線の曝露によって早期に低下したことが分かる。これらに対し、飛散防止材Ｄ（実施例１）は、１８０日間は飛散防止効果が持続したことが分かる。 From these results, when the anti-scattering material E (Comparative Example 2), the anti-scattering material F (Comparative Example 3), and the anti-scattering material G (Comparative Example 4) were used, the anti-scattering effect was shortened by exposure to ultraviolet light. It can be seen that it has decreased. On the other hand, it can be seen that the scattering prevention material D (Example 1) maintained the scattering prevention effect for 180 days.
＜生分解性試験＞
生分解性試験として、ＪＩＳ Ｋ ６９５５：２００６（ＩＳＯ １７５５６：２００３）に準拠して、発生する二酸化炭素の測定することによって生分解度を求めた。二酸化炭素発生量の測定は、電位差自動滴定装置（京都電子工業社製、ＡＴ−６１０、ＭＣＲ−６１０、ＥＢＵ−６４０−２０Ｂ、ＣＨＡ−６００−１２）、複合ガラス電極（京都電子工業社製、Ｃ−１７１）、二酸化炭素吸収液として０．５ｍｏｌ／Ｌ ＫＯＨ溶液、滴定試薬として０．５ｍｏｌ／Ｌ ＨＣｌ溶液を用いた。
<Biodegradability test>
As a biodegradability test, the degree of biodegradation was determined by measuring generated carbon dioxide in accordance with JIS K 6955: 2006 (ISO 17556: 2003). The measurement of the amount of carbon dioxide generated was carried out by an automatic potentiometric titrator (AT-610, MCR-610, EBU-640-20B, CHA-600-12, manufactured by Kyoto Electronics Co., Ltd.), a composite glass electrode (manufactured by Kyoto Electronics Industry, C-171), a 0.5 mol / L KOH solution was used as a carbon dioxide absorbing solution, and a 0.5 mol / L HCl solution was used as a titration reagent.
飛散防止材Ａ，Ｄ，Ｆによって形成した皮膜を冷凍粉砕し、理論的二酸化炭素発生量の総量（ＴｈＣＯ２）を測定した。５００ｍＬの試験容器をそれぞれ用意し、畑地の土壌４００ｇに対して各皮膜１ｇを混合した。ブランクとしてのセルロース（微結晶、ＭＥＲＣＫ社製）についても、同様の試験容器に投入した。各試験容器について約２５℃で培養しながら、８日後、３４日後、５９日後、７３日後、９０日後、１０５日、１２０日後の二酸化炭素の発生量を測定した。二酸化炭素の発生量について、結果を表４に示す。また、以下の式で求めた生分解度について、表５に示す。
生分解度（％）＝｛（皮膜試料からのＣＯ２発生量（ｍｇ））−（ブランクからのＣＯ２発生量（ｍｇ））／ＴｈＣＯ２（ｍｇ）｝×１００
ここで「ＴｈＣＯ２」の値は、飛散防止材Ａでは１８８８ｍｇ、飛散防止材Ｄでは１８４１ｍｇ、飛散防止材Ｆでは３１２８ｍｇであった。
The coatings formed by the shatterproof materials A, D, and F were freeze-pulverized, and the total amount of theoretical carbon dioxide generated (ThCO 2 ) was measured. Each 500 mL test container was prepared, and 1 g of each coating was mixed with 400 g of soil in the field. Cellulose (microcrystal, manufactured by MERCK) as a blank was also charged into the same test container. While culturing each test container at about 25 ° C., the amount of carbon dioxide generated was measured after 8, 34, 59, 73, 90, 105, and 120 days. Table 4 shows the results of the amount of generated carbon dioxide. Table 5 shows the degree of biodegradation determined by the following equation.
Biodegradation (%) = {(CO 2 generation amount (mg) from coating sample) − (CO 2 generation amount (mg) from blank) / ThCO 2 (mg)} × 100
Here, the value of “ThCO 2 ” was 1888 mg for the shatterproof material A, 1841 mg for the shatterproof material D, and 3128 mg for the shatterproof material F.
表５に示した結果を図３にグラフとして示す。これらの結果から、飛散防止材Ｄ（実施例１）は、従来の飛散防止材Ａ（比較例１）及び飛散防止材Ｆ（比較例３）と比べて生分解性が高いことが分かる。 The results shown in Table 5 are shown as a graph in FIG. From these results, it can be seen that the anti-scattering material D (Example 1) has higher biodegradability than the conventional anti-scattering material A (Comparative Example 1) and the anti-scattering material F (Comparative Example 3).
＜増粘剤の含有量＞
飛散防止材Ｄの組成において、ポリ乳酸と増粘剤（グァーガム）の含有量を表６に示したとおり種々変化させて８種類の飛散防止材を調製した。これらの飛散防止材について、上記＜屋外曝露試験＞と同様の手順を行い、粉塵飛散量を測定した。結果を表６及び図４に示す。
<Content of thickener>
In the composition of the anti-scattering material D, eight kinds of anti-scattering materials were prepared by changing the contents of polylactic acid and the thickener (guar gum) variously as shown in Table 6. The same procedure as in the above <Outdoor exposure test> was performed on these scattering prevention materials, and the amount of dust scattering was measured. The results are shown in Table 6 and FIG.
確認例１〜８の結果から、増粘剤の含有量が１質量％の場合よりも０．５質量％の場合のほうが粉塵飛散量が少ないことが分かった。 From the results of Confirmation Examples 1 to 8, it was found that the amount of dust scattering was smaller when the content of the thickener was 0.5% by mass than when the content of the thickener was 1% by mass.
以上に示した各種の試験の結果から、飛散防止材Ｄ（実施例１）は、膜厚や硬度が従来の飛散防止材と遜色がなく、水生生物に対して比較的害が少なく、紫外線に曝露した場合でも飛散防止効果が数か月間に亘って持続し、適度な生分解性を有することが分かった。 From the results of the various tests described above, the anti-shattering material D (Example 1) is comparable in thickness and hardness to the conventional anti-shattering material, has relatively little harm to aquatic organisms, and is resistant to ultraviolet rays. It was found that even when exposed, the scattering prevention effect was maintained for several months, and had an appropriate biodegradability.
本発明は、土壌の表面からの粉塵の飛散を防止することに利用することができる。 INDUSTRIAL APPLICATION This invention can be utilized for preventing scattering of dust from the surface of soil.
Claims (4)
前記増粘剤以外の成分の合計体積を１００体積％としたときの前記ポリ乳酸の濃度が０．０１〜１０体積％であり、
前記増粘剤以外の成分の合計重量を１００質量％としたときの前記増粘剤の濃度が０．０１〜１．０質量％である、粉塵飛散防止材。 Water, polylactic acid, and a dust scattering prevention material containing a thickener,
The concentration of the polylactic acid is 0.01 to 10% by volume when the total volume of the components other than the thickener is 100% by volume,
A dust scattering preventing material, wherein the concentration of the thickener is 0.01 to 1.0% by mass when the total weight of components other than the thickener is 100% by mass.
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| CN110951462A (en) * | 2019-12-13 | 2020-04-03 | 喜跃发国际环保新材料股份有限公司 | Degradable environment-friendly efficient dust suppressant and preparation method and use method thereof |
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| JP2009035647A (en) * | 2007-08-02 | 2009-02-19 | Daiso Chemical Co Ltd | Dust scattering inhibitor and dust treating method |
| JP2012250211A (en) * | 2011-06-06 | 2012-12-20 | Dainichiseika Color & Chem Mfg Co Ltd | Adsorbent composition, adsorbent, and method for applying the same |
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| JP2009035647A (en) * | 2007-08-02 | 2009-02-19 | Daiso Chemical Co Ltd | Dust scattering inhibitor and dust treating method |
| JP2012250211A (en) * | 2011-06-06 | 2012-12-20 | Dainichiseika Color & Chem Mfg Co Ltd | Adsorbent composition, adsorbent, and method for applying the same |
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| CN110951462A (en) * | 2019-12-13 | 2020-04-03 | 喜跃发国际环保新材料股份有限公司 | Degradable environment-friendly efficient dust suppressant and preparation method and use method thereof |
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