JP2019209802A - Attachment method of wheel and/or brake rotor - Google Patents

Abstract

To easily remove a wheel or the like by preventing the adhesion of a hub unit and the wheel or the like caused by rust development while suppressing a rise of a manufacturing cost.SOLUTION: A hub flange 21 for attaching a wheel 12 or the like is formed at either of an inner ring member 14 and an outer ring member 13 integrally therewith. The hub flange 21 has an engagement part 30 which is engaged with a center shaft of a pilot member 40 coaxially therewith. An external peripheral face of the pilot member 40 is formed of a cylindrical face and/or a conical face. In the attachment method, the pilot member 40 is engaged with the hub flange 21, the wheel 12 or the like is fixed to the hub flange 21 wheel being fit to an external periphery of the pilot member 40, and after that, the pilot member 40 is removed.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to an attachment method for attaching a wheel and / or a brake rotor to a wheel bearing.

  In vehicles such as automobiles, for example, a hub unit in which a rolling bearing and a hub flange are integrated is used as a wheel bearing for rotating and supporting a wheel. An annular pilot portion protruding in the axial direction is provided on the hub flange coaxially with the rotating shaft. A guide hole having a cylindrical inner peripheral surface is formed at the center of the wheel, and the inner diameter of the guide hole is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the pilot portion. A wheel is assembled | attached coaxially with the rotating shaft of a hub unit by fitting the guide hole of a wheel to a pilot part.

The hub flange is made of carbon steel such as S55C. For this reason, when rainwater, accumulated water on the road, or the like is flooded, the rainwater or the like stays on the fitting surface of the guide hole and the pilot portion due to surface tension. When left in that state for a long time, the pilot portion and the guide hole may be fixed due to rusting on the outer peripheral surface of the pilot portion, and it may be difficult to attach and detach the wheel.
For this reason, as shown in Patent Document 1, the pilot part is separated from the hub flange and formed of corrosion-resistant stainless steel or the like, as disclosed in Patent Document 1, thereby fixing the wheel and the hub flange. Measures to prevent this have been proposed.
Patent Document 2 proposes a method for positioning a wheel or the like by providing a plurality of protruding portions protruding in the axial direction on the side surface of the hub flange.

JP 2008-68682 A JP, 2014-31136, A

However, when painting the pilot part, a process such as masking is required to prevent the paint from adhering to other parts, which increases the manufacturing cost of the hub unit.
Moreover, when providing a separate pilot part like patent document 1, it requires the expense for manufacturing the said pilot part, and it is necessary to form the attachment hole for incorporating a pilot part in a hub flange by machining This increases the manufacturing cost of the hub unit.
An object of the present invention is to make it easy to remove a wheel by preventing the hub unit and the wheel from sticking due to rusting while suppressing an increase in manufacturing cost.

  The present invention includes an inner shaft member having a double row inner raceway groove on the outer periphery, an outer ring member having a double row outer raceway groove on the inner periphery, and a rollable between the inner raceway groove and the outer raceway groove. A plurality of rolling elements disposed on the inner shaft member, and either one of the inner shaft member and the outer ring member is a central axis relative to the other member of the inner shaft member and the outer ring member The wheel and / or the brake rotor is attached to a wheel flange in which a hub flange for attaching the wheel and / or the brake rotor is integrally formed on the one member. The hub flange includes an engaging portion that engages a pilot member having an outer peripheral surface formed of a cylindrical surface and / or a conical surface coaxially with the central axis, and the pilot member is connected to the hub. On the flange The wheel and / or the brake rotor are fixed to the hub flange in a state where the wheel and / or the brake rotor are fitted to the outer periphery of the pilot member, and then the pilot member is removed. It is said.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to prevent the hub unit and the wheel from being fixed due to rusting and to easily remove the wheel while suppressing an increase in manufacturing cost. Further, by removing the pilot member when the vehicle is traveling, the so-called “unsprung weight” can be reduced, and the wheel and / or the brake rotor can be accurately attached in the radial direction.

It is sectional drawing which shows the axial cross section of the wheel bearing apparatus which carries out rotation support of the wheel. It is the side view which looked at the hub flange of Drawing 1 in the direction of an axis. It is a perspective view of a pilot member. It is an axial sectional view showing the form of a stopper plug. It is explanatory drawing which shows arrangement | positioning of a wheel and a protrusion member in a conventional structure. It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating the eccentric amount of a wheel in a conventional structure.

An embodiment of the present invention (hereinafter, “this embodiment”) will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows an axial cross section of a wheel bearing device for rotating and supporting a wheel of an automobile or the like. The wheel 12 and the brake rotor 27 are supported by a wheel bearing attached to a suspension device 11 such as a knuckle. ing. In addition, about a wheel, only the wheel 12 is illustrated and the display of a tire is abbreviate | omitted.
In this embodiment, a hub unit 10 in which a hub flange to which a wheel is attached and a rolling bearing are integrally combined is used as a wheel bearing. The hub unit 10 rotates around a central axis m that is parallel to the paper surface and extends in the left-right direction.
In the following description, the direction of the central axis m is referred to as the axial direction, the direction orthogonal to the central axis m is referred to as the radial direction, and the direction of circling around the central axis m is referred to as the circumferential direction. In FIG. 1, the right side of the hub unit 10 is the outside of the vehicle. For this reason, in the following description, the right side in FIG. 1 may be referred to as the outer side, and the left side may be referred to as the inner side.

  The hub unit 10 includes a housing 13 (outer ring member), an inner shaft 14 (inner shaft member), and a plurality of balls 15 (rolling elements).

  The housing 13 has a substantially cylindrical shape, and is manufactured of a steel material such as carbon steel by hot forging or the like. A plurality of flanges 16 are formed integrally with the housing 13 and project radially from the outer periphery of the housing 13. Each flange 16 is provided with a screw hole penetrating in the axial direction. In addition, double row outer raceway grooves 17 and 17 are formed on the inner circumference of the housing 13 over the entire circumference.

  The inner shaft 14 has a configuration in which an inner ring 19 is press-fitted into the shaft end of the hub shaft 18.

The hub shaft 18 is made of a steel material such as carbon steel by hot forging or the like, and the shaft portion 20 and the hub flange 21 are integrally formed.
The shaft portion 20 has a substantially cylindrical shape, and the first inner raceway groove 23 is formed over the entire outer periphery.
The hub flange 21 has a disk shape, and the thickness direction is formed in the same direction as the central axis m. The side surface 29 on the outer side of the hub flange 21 is a plane that is turned and is orthogonal to the central axis m.
FIG. 2 is a side view of the hub flange 21 of FIG. 1 as viewed in the direction of the arrow X in the axial direction. A plurality of hub bolts 24 are assembled through the hub flange 21 in the axial direction. The hub bolts 24 are assembled at equal intervals in the circumferential direction on a pitch circle C1 centered on the central axis m.
A plurality of jig mounting holes 30 (engaging portions) are formed on the side surface 29. Each jig attachment hole 30 is a cylindrical hole (cylindrical hole) extending in the axial direction from the side surface 29 to a predetermined depth, and is formed at equal intervals in the circumferential direction on a pitch circle C2 centering on the central axis m. Has been. In the present embodiment, the jig mounting holes 30 are formed at three places in the circumferential direction.

  Refer to FIG. 1 again. The inner ring 19 is annular and is made of a steel material such as bearing steel. A second inner raceway groove 25 is formed on the outer circumference of the inner ring 19 over the entire circumference. The inner ring 19 is assembled to the inner side end portion of the shaft portion 20 with an interference fit. A caulking portion 31 is formed by plastically deforming the shaft end of the shaft portion 20 projecting inward from the inner ring 19. The inner ring 19 is fixed to the hub shaft 18 by the caulking portion 31 being pressed against the end surface of the inner ring 19.

A plurality of balls 15 are arranged between the outer row raceway grooves 17 and 17 in the double row and the first and second inner raceway grooves 23 and 25 so as to roll freely at predetermined intervals in the circumferential direction. ing. Thus, the inner shaft 14 can freely rotate around the central axis m with respect to the housing 13. A sealing device 32 such as an oil seal is assembled in an annular opening between the housing 13 and the inner shaft 14 at the outer side end of the housing 13. The sealing device 32 prevents foreign matters such as water and sand from entering each track groove.
An ABS sensor is assembled to the inner side end of the hub unit 10. The ABS sensor has an encoder 33 fixed to the inner shaft 14 and a magnetic sensor 34 fixed to the housing 13. The encoder 33 has a magnetic surface in which S-poles and N-poles are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction, and by detecting a change in magnetic poles by using a magnetic sensor 34 arranged in proximity, the rotation speed of a wheel, etc. The information of can be acquired.

Next, an attachment method for attaching the wheel 12 of the wheel and the brake rotor 27 to the hub unit 10 will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the pilot member 40.
The hub unit 10 is mounted on the vehicle by fastening the flange 16 to the suspension device 11 with bolts 26. Thereafter, the wheel 12 and the brake rotor 27 are assembled to the outer side of the hub flange 21. In the present embodiment, the wheel 12 and the brake rotor 27 are attached using a detachable pilot member 40. As will be described later, the pilot member 40 is used only when the wheel 12 and the brake rotor 27 are attached, and is removed after the wheel 12 and the brake rotor 27 are attached. For this reason, in FIG. 1, the pilot member 40 is shown with the broken line.

  The pilot member 40 will be described with reference to FIG. The pilot member 40 has three pins 42 incorporated in a cylindrical main body 41.

  The outer periphery of the main body 41 is a cylindrical surface coaxial with the central axis m, and when fitted in a guide hole formed in the center of the wheel 12 and the brake rotor 27, the diameter in the radial direction is generally from 0.1 mm to 0 mm. The size is such that a clearance of 5 mm is formed. End faces 43 and 43 are formed at both ends in the axial direction of the main body 41 in a direction orthogonal to the central axis m.

Each of the three pins 42 has a cylindrical shape, and is vertically incorporated in the end face 43. Each pin 42 protrudes from the end face 43 by a substantially equal dimension. The height h at which the pin 42 protrudes is smaller than the axial depth H (see FIG. 1) of the jig mounting hole 30 of the hub flange 21. Further, the diameter d of the pin 42 is slightly smaller than the inner diameter D of the jig mounting hole 30.
Each pin 42 is incorporated at equal intervals in the circumferential direction on a pitch circle C3 centered on the central axis m. The diameter K3 of the pitch circle C3 is equal to the diameter K2 of the pitch circle C2 in which the jig mounting hole 30 is disposed, and the arrangement of the pins 42 as viewed in the axial direction depends on the jig mounting hole 30 of the hub flange 21. It corresponds to the arrangement. Thereby, each pin 42 can be simultaneously fitted in the jig mounting hole 30, and the pilot member 40 can be assembled coaxially with the central axis m.

  A screw hole 44 is provided on the pitch circle C3 between the pin 42 and the pin 42. The screw hole 44 penetrates the main body 41 in the axial direction, and the entire inner periphery of the screw hole 44 is threaded.

  In the present embodiment, the jig mounting hole 30 of the hub flange 21 and the pins 42 of the pilot member 40 are provided at three locations in the circumferential direction, respectively, but the present invention is not limited to this. By engaging the jig mounting hole 30 and the pin 42, the pilot member 40 may be assembled coaxially with the central axis m. The jig mounting hole 30 and the pin 42 are provided at two or more locations, respectively. It only has to be done.

  When attaching the wheel 12 and the brake rotor 27 to the hub flange 21, first, the pilot member 40 is engaged with the hub flange 21 in the axial direction. At this time, each pin 42 is fitted in each jig mounting hole 30 of the hub flange 21, and the pilot member 40 has an end surface 43 on the side where the pin 42 is installed, and the side surface 29 of the hub flange 21. It is pushed in the axial direction until it abuts in the direction.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 1, the wheel 12 and the brake rotor 27 are assembled to the outer side of the hub flange 21 with the central guide hole fitted to the outer periphery of the pilot member 40. A predetermined clearance s is provided in the radial direction between the outer periphery of the pilot member 40 and the guide holes of the wheel 12 and the brake rotor 27. For this reason, the wheel 12 and the brake rotor 27 can be easily fitted to the outer periphery of the pilot member 40.

  Thus, since the pilot member 40 is fixed coaxially with the central axis m of the hub unit 10, the brake rotor 27 and the wheel 12 are guided by the pilot member 40 and attached coaxially with the central axis m. At this time, the hub bolt 24 penetrates the brake rotor 27 and the wheel 12 in the axial direction at the same time, and the brake rotor 27 and the wheel 12 are simultaneously fixed to the hub flange 21 by tightening the nut 28.

  Next, the pilot member 40 is pulled out in the axial direction and removed from the hub unit 10. In the pilot member 40, the pin 42 is merely inserted in the jig mounting hole 30 in the axial direction, and has a clearance s around the entire circumference between the wheel 12 and the guide hole of the brake rotor 27. Therefore, it can be easily removed in the axial direction.

  It should be noted that the jig mounting hole 30 and the pin 42 are strong due to the wheel 12 urging the pilot member 40 in the radial direction by its own weight or due to a processing error between the position of the pin 42 and the position of the jig mounting hole 30. When contacting and removing the pilot member 40, a large force may be required. In this case, the pilot member 40 can be pulled out by screwing a bolt or the like into the screw hole 44 formed in the pilot member 40 and pressing the tip of the bolt against the hub shaft 18.

  Even after the pilot member 40 is removed, the wheel 12 and the brake rotor 27 are fixed to the hub flange 21 by the hub bolt 24, so that their positions do not change.

After the pilot member 40 is removed, for example, a stopper plug 45 as shown in FIG. 4 is inserted into the jig mounting hole 30. Thereby, even when the wheel 12 gets wet, generation | occurrence | production of the rust of the jig attachment hole 30 can be suppressed.
The stopper plug 45 includes a shaft portion 48 and an umbrella portion 47 provided at the shaft end, and is manufactured by vulcanization molding of a rubber material such as nitrile butadiene rubber (NBR) or acrylic rubber (ACM). ing.
The shaft portion 48 has a diameter equivalent to that of the jig mounting hole 30 and includes a retaining portion 46 having a diameter larger than that of the jig mounting hole 30 in a part of the axial direction. Since the retaining portion 46 has a tightening margin in the radial direction with respect to the inner periphery of the jig mounting hole 30, the retaining plug 45 can be prevented from falling off. Moreover, the umbrella part 47 has a larger diameter than the jig mounting hole 30 and can prevent water and the like from entering the jig mounting hole 30 by contacting the side surface 29 of the hub flange 21 in the axial direction.

  Thus, by using the stopper plug 45, rusting of the jig mounting hole 30 can be prevented. Therefore, when the wheel 12 and the brake rotor 27 are detached and attached during periodic inspections, the pilot member 40 is repeatedly attached to the hub shaft 18. Can be engaged.

  Instead of installing the stopper plug 45 for each jig mounting hole 30, a cap (not shown) for preventing water entry may be assembled to the guide hole of the wheel 12. The cap can be appropriately selected from metals such as aluminum, resin materials such as polyamide resin, and rubber materials such as nitrile butadiene rubber.

Thus, in this embodiment, when the vehicle travels, since the pilot member 40 is removed, the wheel 12 and the hub shaft 18 are not fixed due to rust or the like. Therefore, the wheel 12 can be easily removed even when rainwater or the like is flooded.
Further, since the pilot member 40 is removed when the vehicle is traveling, the weight of the movable portion supported by the suspension (so-called “unsprung weight”) can be reduced.

  As described above, the hub shaft 18 according to the present embodiment does not require painting on the pilot portion or installing a separate pilot portion, so that an increase in manufacturing cost of the hub unit 10 can be suppressed. . Note that the pilot member 40 can be used when the wheel 12 is attached in another vehicle, and therefore has little influence on the manufacturing cost of the hub unit 10.

Furthermore, compared with the case where the protruding member 50 protruding in the axial direction from the side surface 29 of the hub flange 21 as described in Patent Document 2 is used, in this embodiment, the wheel 12 or the like is attached to the hub shaft 18. Mounting accuracy is improved when mounting. This will be described below with reference to the drawings.

First, the mounting accuracy of the wheel 12 in the structure shown in Patent Document 2 (hereinafter referred to as “conventional structure”) will be described. FIG. 5 shows a state in which the wheel 12 is arranged coaxially with the central axis m and arranged with a clearance s in the radial direction between each protruding member 50 in the conventional structure. In the following description, the position of the wheel 12 is referred to as “reference position”.
Further, as shown in FIG. 5, each protruding member 50 will be described with reference numerals A, B, and C.

The amount of eccentricity when the wheel 12 is eccentric in the radial direction from this reference position is, for example, that the wheel 12 is displaced in the direction from the central axis m toward the protruding member A, so that the guide hole of the wheel 12 becomes the protruding member B. And the largest when contacting the protruding member C. That is, the amount of eccentricity is maximized in a direction orthogonal to the direction connecting adjacent projecting members 50.
FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the amount of eccentricity of the wheel 12 in the conventional structure, and shows the movement of the wheel 12 at the position of the protruding member B. FIG. In FIG. 6, the position of the wheel 12 at the reference position is indicated by a broken line, and the position when the wheel 12 at the reference position is radially displaced toward the protruding member A and contacts the protruding member B is indicated by a solid line. Show.

  At the reference position, the wheel 12 and the protruding member B are separated in the radial direction by the clearance s. The maximum eccentric amount δA is a displacement amount until the wheel 12 comes into contact with the protruding member B, and is represented by δA = s / sin θ. θ is an angle formed between the direction connecting the central axis m and the protruding member B and the direction connecting the protruding member B and the protruding member C. When the protruding members 50 are provided at three locations, θ is 30 °. Therefore, δA = s × 2.

On the other hand, in this embodiment, the pilot member 40 is assembled | attached coaxially with the central axis m, and the outer peripheral surface of the pilot member 40 is a cylindrical surface. Assuming that the position of the wheel 12 arranged coaxially with the central axis m is the reference position, at the reference position, the pilot member 40 and the guide hole of the wheel 12 have the same size in any radial direction. It has a clearance s. Therefore, in this embodiment, the maximum eccentric amount δB of the wheel 12 is the clearance s.
be equivalent to.

  Therefore, the maximum eccentric amount δB of the wheel 12 of the present embodiment is ½ of the maximum eccentric amount δA in the conventional structure. That is, in this embodiment, the amount of eccentricity when the wheel 12 or the like is mounted on the hub shaft 18 can be suppressed, and mounting accuracy can be improved.

  As described above, in the hub unit 10 of the present embodiment, it is possible to prevent the hub unit 10 and the wheel 12 from being fixed due to rusting and prevent the wheel 12 from being detached while suppressing an increase in manufacturing cost. it can. Furthermore, the weight of the hub unit 10 can be reduced, and the wheel 12 and / or the brake rotor 27 can be accurately attached in the radial direction.

Note that the above-described embodiment is merely an example for carrying out the present invention. The present invention is not limited to the embodiment described above, and can be implemented by appropriately changing the embodiment described above without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
For example, the outer peripheral surface of the pilot member 40 is not limited to a cylindrical surface, and may be a conical surface. Moreover, the cylindrical surface with a step from which the diameter of the outer peripheral surface which each supports the wheel 12 and the brake rotor 27 mutually differs may be sufficient.
Further, the screw hole 44 formed in the pilot member 40 may be formed at only one place along the central axis m in the radial center of the main body portion 41.
In the present embodiment, the hub unit mounted on the rear wheel (driven wheel) of the front wheel drive vehicle is illustrated, but the hub unit mounted on the front wheel (drive wheel) driven by the engine may be used. Good. Although not shown, in the case of a drive wheel, the jig mounting hole is formed on the side surface of the hub flange, radially outward from the spline groove.
Further, in the present embodiment, an inner ring rotating hub unit in which the inner shaft rotates is illustrated, but a so-called outer ring rotating hub unit in which the housing rotates with respect to the inner shaft may be used. In the outer ring rotating hub unit, the hub flange is formed integrally with the outer ring. The pilot member is engaged coaxially with the central axis m by a jig mounting hole provided in the outer ring.

10: Hub unit, 11: Suspension device, 12: Wheel, 13: Housing, 14: Inner shaft, 15: Ball, 16: Flange, 17: Outer raceway groove, 18: Hub shaft, 19: Inner ring, 20: Shaft part , 21: hub flange, 23, 25: inner raceway groove, 24: hub bolt, 27: brake rotor, 29: side, 30: jig mounting hole, 40: pilot member, 41: main body, 42: pin, 45: Stopcock, 50: Protruding member (conventional structure)

Claims (2)

An inner shaft member having a double row inner raceway groove on the outer periphery, an outer ring member having a double row outer raceway groove on the inner periphery, and a rollable arrangement between the inner raceway groove and the outer raceway groove. A plurality of rolling elements, and either one of the inner shaft member and the outer ring member rotates about a central axis with respect to the other member of the inner shaft member and the outer ring member The wheel and / or the brake rotor may be attached to a wheel flange in which a hub flange for attaching the wheel and / or the brake rotor is integrally formed on the one member.
The hub flange has an engagement portion that engages a pilot member having an outer peripheral surface formed of a cylindrical surface and / or a conical surface coaxially with the central axis,
Engaging the pilot member with the hub flange;
Fixing the wheel and / or the brake rotor to the hub flange in a state where the wheel and / or the brake rotor are fitted to the outer periphery of the pilot member;
Thereafter, the pilot member is removed, and the wheel and / or brake rotor mounting method is provided.   The wheel and / or brake rotor attachment method according to claim 1, wherein the engagement portion is a plurality of cylindrical holes formed in the direction of the central axis.

Images