JP2019209286A - Biomass treatment method, wastewater treatment method and wastewater treatment equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a biomass treatment method capable of efficiently performing fermentation treatment by utilizing biomass containing polysaccharides hardly performed with fermentation treatment.SOLUTION: A biomass treatment method treating a treating object mixed with at least one of an ethanol fermentation separate liquid separated by solid-liquid separation from biomass containing polysaccharides, ruminant-derived lumen microorganisms and an ethanol fermentation residue after ethanol fermentation treatment and a methane fermentation separate liquid separated by solid-liquid separation from a methane fermentation residue after methane fermentation treatment includes: a pretreatment step generating fermentation components from polysaccharides; and a step performing the ethanol fermentation treatment to at least a part of the treating object containing the fermentation components.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a biomass processing method for obtaining ethanol or methane gas by fermentation using, for example, biomass containing a polysaccharide such as cellulose. In addition, the present invention relates to a wastewater treatment method and wastewater treatment equipment that can efficiently dispose of excess sludge generated in conjunction with wastewater treatment by the biomass treatment method.

  Biomass contains polysaccharides such as cellulose produced by living organisms in nature. Among polysaccharides, in particular, cellulose is difficult to be decomposed, so that it is difficult to be used as a fermentation raw material as it is in a fermentation process such as ethanol fermentation or methane fermentation.

  Conventionally, a biomass processing method is known in which a fermentation component that is easily fermented is produced from a polysaccharide such as cellulose contained in biomass, and the fermentation component is subjected to a fermentation treatment. As this kind of biomass processing method, for example, rumen liquid taken out from ruminant rumen, biomass containing cellulose-containing waste, and a compound such as cysteine having a reducing action are mixed. A biomass processing method is known in which fermentation components are generated and methane gas is generated from the fermentation components by methane fermentation treatment (for example, Patent Document 1).

  In the biomass treatment method described in Patent Document 1, rumen microorganisms can be actively metabolized and proliferated by the nutrient source contained in the rumen solution while maintaining anaerobic conditions by the reducing action of compounds such as cysteine. Along with this, rumen microorganisms produce an enzyme that decomposes cellulose and converts the cellulose into fermentation components such as volatile fatty acids. That is, rumen microorganisms can produce the above fermentation components that are nutrient sources for microorganisms involved in methane fermentation treatment. And in the biomass processing method of patent document 1, a methane fermentation process is performed with respect to the to-be-processed object containing the fermentation component produced | generated from biomass.

International Publication No. WO2012 / 053631

However, in the biomass treatment method described in Patent Document 1, for example, when the amount of biomass is relatively large, a nutrient source useful for rumen microorganisms (especially nitrogen content, phosphorus content, etc.) is provided by additionally supplying a rumen solution containing a nutrient source. ) Also needs to be increased. For this reason, the biomass processing method described in Patent Document 1 cannot always efficiently perform fermentation processing such as methane fermentation unless the rumen liquid is additionally supplied when the amount of biomass is relatively large, for example. There's a problem.
On the other hand, there is a demand for a biomass processing method capable of efficiently performing a fermentation process such as ethanol fermentation without supplying a rumen solution. Then, the present inventors paid attention to the fact that the liquid residue of the fermentation residue that has undergone the ethanol fermentation process or the methane fermentation process contains a nutrient source that is useful for rumen microorganisms.

This invention makes it a subject to provide the biomass processing method which can perform a fermentation process efficiently using the biomass containing the polysaccharide which is hard to perform a fermentation process in view of said problem.
This invention makes it a subject to provide the waste water treatment method and waste water treatment equipment which can dispose of the excess sludge produced with a waste water treatment efficiently by the said biomass treatment method.

In order to solve the above problems, the biomass processing method according to the present invention is:
Biomass containing polysaccharides;
Rumen microorganisms from ruminants,
At least one of the ethanol fermentation separation liquid separated by solid-liquid separation from the ethanol fermentation residue after ethanol fermentation treatment and the methane fermentation separation liquid separated by solid-liquid separation from the methane fermentation residue after methane fermentation treatment was mixed. In the treated object, a pretreatment step of generating a fermentation component from the polysaccharide,
A fermentation process in which an ethanol fermentation treatment is performed on at least a part of the object to be treated containing the fermentation component;
Is provided.

In the biomass treatment method described above, the ethanol fermentation separation liquid and the methane fermentation separation liquid contain a relatively large amount of nitrogen and phosphorus produced in association with the ethanol fermentation treatment and the methane fermentation treatment. When the pretreatment process contains an ethanol fermentation lysate or methane fermentation lysate, rumen microorganisms are actively metabolized using the nitrogen content and phosphorus content of the ethanol fermentation lysate and methane fermentation lysate. And can proliferate. Thereby, the rumen microorganism can fully produce | generate fermentation components, such as a monosaccharide, an oligosaccharide (oligosaccharide), and a volatile fatty acid, in a pre-processing process.
And by performing an ethanol fermentation process with respect to the to-be-processed object containing a fermentation component, a fermentation component becomes a nutrient source of the microorganisms in connection with ethanol fermentation, and an ethanol fermentation process advances efficiently.

In the biomass processing method described above, the ethanol fermentation separation liquid to be mixed with the object to be processed in the pretreatment step may include an ethanol fermentation separation liquid that has undergone the ethanol fermentation treatment in the fermentation step.
The amount of ethanol fermentation separation liquid subjected to wastewater treatment is reduced by the amount of ethanol fermentation separation liquid that has undergone the ethanol fermentation treatment in the fermentation process used in the pretreatment process. Therefore, it can utilize effectively, reducing the ethanol fermentation separation liquid which performs waste water treatment. In other words, the nitrogen content and phosphorus content of the ethanol fermentation separated solution can be effectively used for the metabolism and growth of rumen microorganisms.

In the biomass treatment method, in the fermentation step, methane fermentation treatment is performed on at least a part of the ethanol fermentation residue after the ethanol fermentation treatment is performed,
The methane fermentation separation liquid to be mixed with the object to be treated in the pretreatment process may include a methane fermentation separation liquid that has undergone the methane fermentation treatment in the fermentation process.

In the above biomass treatment method, the ethanol fermentation treatment is performed on a part of the object to be treated that has undergone the pretreatment step, and at least part of the remaining part of the object to be treated is subjected to the ethanol fermentation separation liquid and the methane. At least one of the fermentation separation liquid and the biomass may be further supplied to further generate fermentation components.
Thereby, the rumen microorganisms in a to-be-processed object metabolize and proliferate using at least one of an ethanol fermentation separation liquid or a methane fermentation separation liquid, and the polysaccharide of biomass. Therefore, fermentation components can be further generated. Therefore, without newly adding rumen fluid (first gastric fluid) taken from ruminants, it is possible to grow microorganisms that degrade polysaccharides, and to promote the degradation of polysaccharides to monosaccharides and oligosaccharides, Thereby, fermentation components, such as a volatile fatty acid, can be produced | generated.

The wastewater treatment method of the present invention is
A first treatment step of biologically treating organic wastewater with activated sludge;
A second treatment step of subjecting the fermentation component produced from the polysaccharide by ruminant microorganisms derived from ruminants to an ethanol fermentation treatment,
The second treatment step includes
By the solid-liquid separation from the biomass containing the polysaccharide, the rumen microorganisms, the ethanol fermentation separation liquid separated from the ethanol fermentation residue through the ethanol fermentation treatment, and the methane fermentation residue through the methane fermentation treatment In a workpiece to be mixed with at least one of the separated methane fermentation separation liquid, a pretreatment step for generating the fermentation component;
A fermentation process for performing the ethanol fermentation treatment on at least a part of the object to be treated containing the fermentation component,
The fermentation process is an ethanol fermentation process in which the ethanol fermentation process is performed, and a methane fermentation process is performed on at least part of the ethanol fermentation separated solids separated from the ethanol fermentation residue that has undergone the ethanol fermentation process by solid-liquid separation. A methane fermentation process,
The methane fermentation process of the methane fermentation process is performed on a part of the excess sludge generated with the biological process of the first process process.

The wastewater treatment facility of the present invention is
A first treatment unit for biologically treating organic wastewater with activated sludge;
A second processing unit that performs an ethanol fermentation process on a fermentation component generated from a polysaccharide by ruminant microorganisms derived from ruminants,
The second processing unit includes:
By the solid-liquid separation from the biomass containing the polysaccharide, the rumen microorganisms, the ethanol fermentation separation liquid separated from the ethanol fermentation residue through the ethanol fermentation treatment, and the methane fermentation residue through the methane fermentation treatment In a workpiece to be mixed with at least one of the separated methane fermentation separation liquid, a pretreatment unit that generates the fermentation component;
A fermentation section that performs the ethanol fermentation treatment on at least a part of the object to be treated containing the fermentation component,
The fermentation part is an ethanol fermentation part that performs the ethanol fermentation process, and at least a part of the ethanol fermentation separated solids separated by solid-liquid separation from the ethanol fermentation residue that has undergone the ethanol fermentation process of the second process part. And a methane fermentation section that performs methane fermentation treatment,
A part of the excess sludge generated in association with the biological treatment of the first treatment unit is supplied to the methane fermentation unit, and the methane fermentation treatment is performed on the supplied excess sludge in the methane fermentation unit. It is configured.

The biomass treatment method of the present invention has an effect that fermentation treatment can be efficiently performed using biomass containing polysaccharides that are difficult to undergo fermentation treatment.
The wastewater treatment facility and the wastewater treatment method of the present invention have an effect that the surplus sludge generated with the wastewater treatment can be efficiently disposed by the biomass treatment method.

The schematic diagram showing an example of the biomass processing apparatus for enforcing the biomass processing method of this embodiment. Schematic showing an example of the waste water treatment facility of this embodiment. Schematic showing the other example of the biomass processing apparatus for enforcing a biomass processing method.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of a biomass processing method according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings showing an example of a biomass processing apparatus 20 used for carrying out the method.

The biomass processing method of the present embodiment includes a biomass B containing a polysaccharide,
Rumen microorganisms from ruminants,
At least one of an ethanol fermentation separation liquid C separated by solid-liquid separation from an ethanol fermentation residue subjected to an ethanol fermentation treatment, and a methane fermentation separation liquid D separated by solid-liquid separation from a methane fermentation residue subjected to a methane fermentation treatment; In a processing object mixed with, a pretreatment step of generating a fermentation component from the polysaccharide,
And a fermentation process for subjecting at least a part of the object to be treated containing the fermentation component to an ethanol fermentation treatment.
The fermentation process is an ethanol fermentation process in which an ethanol fermentation process is performed as described above.
A first solid-liquid separation step of obtaining an ethanol fermentation separation liquid C and an ethanol fermentation separation solid content by solid-liquid separation from the ethanol fermentation residue after the ethanol fermentation treatment is performed;
A distillation step for obtaining purified ethanol E by subjecting the ethanol fermentation separation liquid C obtained by the first solid-liquid separation step to a distillation treatment;
A methane fermentation process in which a methane fermentation process is performed on at least a part of the ethanol fermentation separated solids obtained in the first solid-liquid separation process;
A second solid-liquid separation step of obtaining a methane fermentation separation liquid D and a methane fermentation separation solid content by solid-liquid separation from the methane fermentation residue after being subjected to the methane fermentation treatment.
In the present embodiment, it is preferable to perform the ethanol fermentation process and the methane fermentation process of the fermentation process while performing the pretreatment process.

  In the biomass processing method of the present embodiment, the biomass B containing the polysaccharide and the rumen fluid A (containing rumen microorganisms) taken out from the rumen of the ruminant are mixed, and the ethanol fermentation separation liquid C is not mixed. In the prepared to-be-processed object, the pretreatment process which produces | generates a fermentation component from polysaccharide with a rumen microorganism is provided. In the biomass treatment method of the present embodiment, the pretreatment process is performed after the preliminary treatment process.

Biomass B contains polysaccharides such as cellulose. Biomass B usually contains at least persistent cellulose. Cellulose is one of the components constituting a plant. Cellulose is contained in herbaceous plants and woody plants, for example.
Examples of biomass B used in the present embodiment include biomass that can be disposed of. Examples of biomass that can be disposed of include waste paper, herbs after cutting, coffee cakes, teacups, vegetable waste, paper sludge discharged from paper mills, and biological wastewater treatment facilities in paper mills. Examples include excess sludge that is generated.
Biomass B may contain lignocellulose, for example.

  Examples of ruminants having the rumen microorganisms include cows, sheep, goats, and the like.

  Rumen microorganisms are naturally present in the rumen of ruminants. Rumen microorganisms include many types of bacteria (cellulose-degrading bacteria, protein-degrading bacteria, etc.) and protozoa. With the metabolism and growth of these microorganisms, polysaccharides such as cellulose can be converted into glucose or volatile fatty acids such as acetic acid, propionic acid, and butyric acid.

  Ruminant microorganisms derived from ruminants are those taken from the rumen of ruminants, or after such microorganisms have grown outside the rumen. Rumen microorganisms are contained in rumen fluid A in the rumen. Rumen fluid A can be removed from live ruminants or slaughtered ruminants. By performing the pretreatment step using the rumen fluid A, it is possible to generate fermentation components from the polysaccharide by the rumen microorganisms. On the other hand, as will be described later, fermentation components can also be produced in the pretreatment step by the rumen microorganisms grown in the pretreatment step (that is, microorganisms grown outside the first stomach). In the pretreatment step, the rumen microorganism after growing outside the first stomach is used.

For example, as shown in FIG. 1, the biomass processing apparatus 20 used to implement the biomass processing method includes a pretreatment unit 21 that performs the pretreatment step and the pretreatment step, and a fermentation unit that performs the fermentation step. 22.
The fermentation unit 22 includes an ethanol fermentation unit 221 that performs an ethanol fermentation process on the object to be processed supplied from the pretreatment unit 21, and
1st solid-liquid separation part which obtains ethanol fermentation separation liquid C (1st ethanol fermentation separation liquid) and ethanol fermentation separation solid content by solid-liquid separation from the ethanol fermentation residue after the ethanol fermentation process of ethanol fermentation part 221 was given 222,
A distillation section 223 for obtaining a purified ethanol E by subjecting the ethanol fermentation separation liquid C (first ethanol fermentation separation liquid) obtained in the first solid-liquid separation section 222 to a distillation treatment;
A methane fermentation unit 224 that performs a methane fermentation process on at least a portion of the ethanol fermentation separated solids obtained by the solid-liquid process of the first solid-liquid separation unit 222;
A second solid-liquid separation unit 225 that obtains a methane fermentation separation liquid D and a methane fermentation separation solid content by solid-liquid separation from the methane fermentation residue after the methane fermentation treatment is performed.
The biomass processing apparatus 20 supplies the ethanol fermentation separation liquid C (first ethanol fermentation separation liquid) obtained in the first solid-liquid separation unit 222 to the distillation unit 223, and ethanol in which ethanol is reduced in the distillation unit 223. It is configured to supply (return) at least a part of the fermentation separation liquid C (also referred to as second ethanol fermentation separation liquid distillation waste liquid) to the pretreatment unit 21.
In addition, as shown in FIG. 1, the biomass processing apparatus 20 of this embodiment has the crushing part 23 which grind | pulverizes the biomass B in the upstream of the pre-processing part 21, and the biomass B grind | pulverized by the crushing part 23 is shown. You may comprise so that it may supply to the pre-processing part 21. FIG.

  The pretreatment unit 21 has a pretreatment tank that accommodates an object to be treated containing, for example, biomass B containing lignocellulose and rumen microorganisms. The pretreatment tank can also accommodate the ethanol fermentation separation liquid C described above. In the pretreatment tank, the pretreatment unit 21 activates the metabolism and growth of rumen microorganisms by nitrogen and phosphorus contained in the ethanol fermentation separation liquid C, and also converts cellulose into monosaccharides (glucose) by the rumen microorganisms. Etc.), oligosaccharides (oligosaccharides), or volatile fatty acids, etc., to produce fermentation components. And it is comprised so that the to-be-processed object which will contain a fermentation component may be accommodated in a pre-processing tank. The pretreatment tank is configured so that the contents in the tank can be stirred.

  Said biomass processing apparatus 20 is comprised so that a part of to-be-processed object of the pre-processing part 21 may be supplied to the ethanol fermentation part 221 of the fermentation part 22. FIG. The biomass processing apparatus 20 may be a semi-continuous type that intermittently supplies a part of the object to be processed, or a continuous type that continuously supplies a part of the object to be processed to the ethanol fermentation unit 221. There may be.

  Said biomass processing apparatus 20 is comprised so that biomass B may be supplied to the pre-processing part 21 (pre-processing tank) continuously or intermittently, and it is returned via the distillation part 223 from the 1st solid-liquid separation part 222. The ethanol fermentation separation liquid C (second ethanol fermentation separation liquid) is continuously or intermittently supplied to the pretreatment unit 21 (pretreatment tank), and is processed from the pretreatment unit 21 to the ethanol fermentation unit 221. It is preferable to be configured to supply a part of the object continuously or intermittently.

  In addition, the biomass processing apparatus 20 of the present embodiment is configured to supply a part of the ethanol fermentation residue from the ethanol fermentation unit 221 to the first solid-liquid separation unit 222 continuously or intermittently. The ethanol fermentation separated solid content separated by liquid separation is configured to be supplied continuously or intermittently from the first solid-liquid separation unit 222 to the methane fermentation unit 224, and from the methane fermentation unit 224 to the second solid-liquid separation unit 225. The methane fermentation residue is preferably configured to be supplied continuously or intermittently.

The biomass processing apparatus 20 is preferably configured to return the ethanol fermentation separated liquid C (second ethanol fermentation separated liquid) after the distillation treatment of the distillation unit 223 to the pretreatment unit 21. With such a configuration, the ethanol fermentation separation liquid C containing nitrogen and phosphorus, which are easily used by the rumen microorganisms, is supplied to the pretreatment tank, and the rumen microorganisms grow in the pretreatment tank. Therefore, the polysaccharide of the biomass B supplied to a pretreatment tank is fully converted into a fermentation component by rumen microorganisms.
Moreover, it is preferable that said biomass processing apparatus 20 is comprised so that the methane fermentation separation liquid D obtained by the 2nd solid-liquid separation process may be returned to the pre-processing part 21. FIG. With such a configuration, the methane fermentation separation liquid D containing inorganic nutrients such as ammonia nitrogen and phosphate phosphorus, which are easily used by the rumen microorganisms, is supplied to the pretreatment tank, and the rumen microorganisms grow in the pretreatment tank. To do. Therefore, the polysaccharide of the biomass B supplied to a pretreatment tank is fully converted into a fermentation component by rumen microorganisms.

In the pretreatment process, biomass B is supplied to the pretreatment tank. In the pretreatment process, unlike the pretreatment process, rumen microorganisms are included in the object to be treated by supplying the rumen liquid A to the pretreatment tank. Further, the ethanol fermentation separation liquid C is not supplied to the pretreatment tank. Thereby, the to-be-processed object which contains the rumen liquid A (containing rumen microorganisms) and the biomass B and does not contain the ethanol fermentation separation liquid C is prepared.
In the pretreatment process, since the rumen solution A contains nitrogen and phosphorus as nutrient sources for the rumen microorganisms, even if the object to be treated does not contain the ethanol fermentation separation liquid C, the rumen microorganisms are metabolized in the object to be treated. Can proliferate. Therefore, fermentation components can be generated from the polysaccharide. Note that the pretreatment process and the pretreatment process can be performed under the same conditions.

In said biomass processing method, a part of to-be-processed object which passed through the pre-processing process and the pre-processing process can be taken out from a pre-processing tank. An ethanol fermentation process in the fermentation process can be performed on a part of the processed object taken out. For example, a part of the object to be processed after the pretreatment process and the pretreatment process is taken out, and the part is supplied to the ethanol fermentation unit 221 as it is, and the ethanol fermentation process is performed on the supplied object to be processed. Can be applied. On the other hand, the liquid (including fermentation components such as volatile fatty acids) after the operation for separating rumen microorganisms in the object to be treated can be supplied to the ethanol fermentation unit 221 and used as a raw material for the ethanol fermentation process.
In the above biomass treatment method, biomass B and ethanol fermentation separation liquid C (second ethanol fermentation separation that has undergone distillation treatment) are stored in a pretreatment tank that contains at least a part of the remaining part of the workpiece that has undergone the pretreatment step. Liquid) is newly supplied and a pretreatment process is performed. Note that the pretreatment step and the pretreatment step can be performed in the same pretreatment tank.

  In the pretreatment process, the newly supplied biomass B, the newly supplied ethanol fermentation separation liquid C, and the remainder of the material to be processed that has undergone the pretreatment process (containing rumen microorganisms after being propagated through the pretreatment process), Are mixed in a pretreatment tank to prepare an object to be treated. In the biomass treatment method of the present embodiment, the ethanol fermentation separation liquid C included in the object to be treated is obtained through the ethanol fermentation step and the first solid-liquid separation step. In addition, even if the ethanol fermentation separation liquid C and the methane fermentation separation liquid D which are mixed with a to-be-processed object at a pre-processing process are obtained in ethanol fermentation processes and methane fermentation processes other than the fermentation process of this embodiment, respectively. Good.

  Specifically, in the pretreatment process, the ethanol treatment and solid-liquid separation according to the present embodiment are applied to the pretreatment tank that contains the remainder of the processed material (including the grown rumen microorganisms) that has undergone the pretreatment process. The to-be-processed object can be prepared by newly supplying the ethanol fermentation separation liquid C obtained as described above and the biomass B pulverized as necessary. And rumen microorganisms can be propagated by making predetermined time pass under anaerobic conditions. Thereby, fermentation components, such as a volatile fatty acid, can be produced | generated.

  In the pretreatment step, the object to be treated may be continuously stirred, the stirring may be intermittently performed, or the stirring may be stopped. The pretreatment step is performed under anaerobic conditions as in the rumen of the ruminant. By setting the inside of the pretreatment tank to anaerobic conditions, the pretreatment process can be performed under anaerobic conditions. The pretreatment step is preferably performed at a temperature close to that in the rumen of the ruminant. For example, the pretreatment process is continued for 1 to 48 hours until cellulose is converted and a predetermined amount of volatile fatty acid is produced. As will be described later, the pretreatment process can be performed a plurality of times.

According to the pretreatment process, rumen microorganisms can proliferate while performing metabolism mainly using cellulose as a carbon source. Moreover, rumen microorganisms can be actively proliferated using the nitrogen content and the phosphorus content contained in the ethanol fermentation separation liquid C. Along with the metabolism and growth of rumen microorganisms, cellulose becomes a fermentation component such as monosaccharides (such as glucose), oligosaccharides (oligosaccharides), and volatile fatty acids that can be easily used as nutrient sources by fermentation bacteria in the fermentation process of the fermentation process. Is converted. And the to-be-processed object containing the produced | generated fermentation component can be obtained. Therefore, the to-be-processed object which fully contains the fermentation component for the ethanol fermentation process in a fermentation process can be obtained.
In the pretreatment step, even if the amount of biomass is relatively large, the above fermentation can be performed by relatively increasing the amount of the ethanol fermentation separation liquid C and the methane fermentation separation liquid D mixed with the object to be treated. Ingredients can be produced sufficiently. Therefore, the above-described biomass processing method can efficiently perform the fermentation process particularly when the amount of biomass to be mixed with the object to be processed is relatively large.

  Further, according to the pretreatment step, it is possible to further propagate the rumen microorganisms based on a part of the rumen microorganisms grown in the pretreatment step, thereby generating fermentation components such as volatile fatty acids. Therefore, it is possible to produce fermentation components such as volatile fatty acids without newly supplying rumen fluid A (including rumen microorganisms) taken directly from ruminants.

  The fermentation component includes at least one of oligosaccharide (oligosaccharide), monosaccharide, or volatile fatty acid.

  In said biomass processing method, a part of to-be-processed object which passed through the pre-processing process can be taken out from a pre-processing tank. In addition, when all the to-be-processed objects which passed through the pre-processing process are supplied to the ethanol fermentation part 221 from a pre-processing tank, performing said pre-processing process in a pre-processing tank, and also performing a pre-processing process as mentioned above. Can do.

  The pretreatment process may be repeated a plurality of times. For example, each time the pretreatment step is performed, a part of the object to be processed is taken out from the pretreatment tank, and the extracted part is subjected to the ethanol fermentation treatment, while at least a part of the object to be processed remaining after the removal is removed In addition, a pretreatment step can be performed. In this way, fermentation components such as volatile fatty acids can be repeatedly generated by repeating the growth of rumen microorganisms using a part of the processed material containing the rumen microorganisms after growth. Accordingly, fermentation components such as volatile fatty acids can be generated every time the pretreatment process is performed.

  The ethanol fermentation unit 221 has an ethanol fermentation tank that performs an ethanol fermentation process. The ethanol fermentation unit 221 uses a microorganism related to ethanol fermentation (hereinafter sometimes simply referred to as “yeast or the like”) and an object to be processed supplied from the pretreatment unit 21 (pretreatment tank). It is comprised so that an ethanol fermentation process may be performed in the tank.

  In the present embodiment, in the ethanol fermentation process, an ethanol fermentation process is performed on at least a part of the workpiece that has undergone the pretreatment process or the pretreatment process. For example, a part of the object to be processed in the pretreatment tank that has undergone the pretreatment process or the pretreatment process can be taken out, and the extracted object to be processed can be supplied to the ethanol fermentation tank as it is. In a fermentation process, the inside of an ethanol fermenter is set as anaerobic conditions, and ethanol fermentation processing is performed under anaerobic conditions.

  In an ethanol fermentation process, fermentation components, such as a volatile fatty acid, become nutrient sources, such as yeast, by performing ethanol fermentation processing to a processed material containing a fermentation component. Specifically, monosaccharides and oligosaccharides produced by rumen microorganisms from hardly degradable biomass (lignocellulose) are decomposed into ethanol, carbon dioxide and the like by yeasts and the like. Therefore, the ethanol fermentation process proceeds efficiently by the fermentation components, and ethanol can be obtained efficiently.

  In the ethanol fermentation process, the ethanol fermentation process is performed under anaerobic conditions. The ethanol fermentation treatment is preferably performed in a temperature range suitable for the metabolism and growth of yeast and the like. An ethanol fermentation residue is produced | generated by the ethanol fermentation process of an ethanol fermentation process. The ethanol fermentation residue is a processed product after the ethanol fermentation treatment is performed.

  The 1st solid-liquid separation part 222 is comprised so that the ethanol fermentation residue after the ethanol fermentation process supplied from the ethanol fermentation part 221 may be solid-liquid separated. For example, the first solid-liquid separator 222 has a solid-liquid separator, and the ethanol fermentation residue is separated into liquid (ethanol fermentation separated liquid C) and solid (ethanol fermentation separated solid, for example, yeast residue) by the solid-liquid separator. ) And to be separated. Specifically, examples of the solid-liquid separator include, but are not limited to, a concentrator such as a belt concentrator, or a dehydrator such as a centrifugal dehydrator, a screw press dehydrator, and a belt press dehydrator. It is not something.

  In the first solid-liquid separation step, the ethanol fermentation residue is separated into an ethanol fermentation separated liquid C and an ethanol fermentation separated solid by solid-liquid separation in the first solid-liquid separation unit 222. The ethanol fermentation separation liquid C is a liquid obtained by the above solid-liquid separation. The ethanol fermentation separation liquid C includes a first ethanol fermentation separation liquid obtained by the above-described solid-liquid separation and supplied to the distillation section 223, and a first ethanol fermentation separation liquid in which the ethanol in the first ethanol fermentation separation liquid has been reduced by the distillation treatment of the distillation section 223. 2 ethanol fermentation separates. On the other hand, the ethanol fermentation separation solid content is a solid content obtained by the above-described solid-liquid separation.

  The ethanol fermentation separation liquid C contains a metabolite generated by yeast or the like involved in ethanol fermentation. Such metabolites include nutrient sources such as nitrogen and phosphorus (for example, various amino acids). Nitrogen and phosphorus are easily used as a nutrient source for the rumen microorganisms. By using the ethanol fermentation separation liquid C containing such a nutrient source in the above pretreatment step, rumen microorganisms can actively metabolize and grow using the nitrogen content and phosphorus content of the ethanol fermentation separation liquid C. Since nutrient sources such as nitrogen and phosphorus are dissolved in water, rumen microorganisms are easy to use directly as nutrient sources. Since such a nutrient source can be used, rumen microorganisms can be actively metabolized and proliferated in the pretreatment process.

  The distillation part 223 has a distillation column, for example. The distillation unit 223 is configured to subject the ethanol fermentation separated liquid C (first ethanol fermentation separated liquid) obtained by the first solid-liquid separation step to a distillation process by a distillation tower. The distillation unit 223 is configured to obtain purified ethanol E by vaporizing and condensing ethanol contained in the ethanol fermentation separation liquid C once. Since ethanol is volatilized from the ethanol fermentation separation liquid C by the distillation treatment, an ethanol fermentation separation liquid C (second ethanol fermentation separation liquid) with a reduced amount of ethanol can be obtained.

  In the distillation step, the ethanol fermentation separation liquid C (first ethanol fermentation separation liquid) obtained by the first solid-liquid separation step is subjected to a distillation treatment to obtain purified ethanol E from the ethanol fermentation separation liquid C. Thereby, ethanol in ethanol fermentation separation liquid C can be reduced. In the distillation step, the ethanol fermentation separation liquid C can be subjected to a distillation treatment by a general method using a distillation tower. The purified ethanol E obtained is used as a fuel, for example.

  In this embodiment, at least a part of the ethanol fermentation separation liquid C (second ethanol fermentation separation liquid) after the distillation treatment is supplied to the pretreatment tank to perform the pretreatment step. In the present embodiment, a part of the ethanol fermentation separation liquid C after the distillation treatment may be supplied to the methane fermentation unit 224 to perform the methane fermentation process.

  Like this embodiment, the load for draining the ethanol fermentation separation liquid C is reduced by using a part of the ethanol fermentation separation liquid C obtained by the first solid-liquid separation process in the pretreatment process. For example, wastewater treatment facilities can be reduced to a small scale.

  The methane fermentation unit 224 has a methane fermentation tank for performing a methane fermentation process on at least a part of the ethanol fermentation residue after the ethanol fermentation process is performed. The methane fermentation unit 224 includes a microorganism related to methane fermentation (hereinafter sometimes simply referred to as “methane producing bacteria”) and a solid content (ethanol fermentation separated solid content) supplied from the first solid-liquid separation unit 222. Are housed in a methane fermentation tank, and methane fermentation treatment is performed in the tank. The methane fermentation unit 224 is configured so that a part of the ethanol fermentation separation liquid C (second ethanol fermentation separation liquid) subjected to the distillation process in the distillation unit 223 can be accommodated therein.

  In the methane fermentation process, the methane fermentation process is performed on at least a part of the solid content (ethanol fermentation separated solid content) obtained by solid-liquid separation of the ethanol fermentation residue that has undergone the ethanol fermentation process. For example, the ethanol fermentation separation solid content which passed through the 1st solid-liquid separation process can be supplied to a methane fermentation tank as it is. In the methane fermentation process, the inside of the methane fermentation tank is set to anaerobic conditions, and methane fermentation treatment is performed under anaerobic conditions.

  In the methane fermentation process, the substance constituting the yeast or the like becomes a nutrient source for the methane-producing bacteria and the like by subjecting the ethanol fermentation separated solid content that has undergone the first solid-liquid separation process to methane fermentation treatment. Specifically, a high molecular substance in yeast cells or the like is first decomposed into lower molecular substances by hydrolyzing bacteria. Subsequently, acid-producing bacteria produce volatile fatty acids such as acetic acid and propionic acid, lactic acid and ethanol. Acetic acid is further converted into ethanol and carbon dioxide by methanogens (methanogenic archaea). In addition, volatile fatty acids other than acetic acid, lactic acid and ethanol are converted into hydrogen and acetic acid by hydrogen-producing bacteria, and finally decomposed into methane gas, carbon dioxide, and the like by methanogens (methane-producing archaea). In this way, substances constituting yeast and the like are decomposed by methanogenic bacteria and the like, and methane gas is generated.

  In the methane fermentation process, the methane fermentation treatment is performed under anaerobic conditions. A methane fermentation residue is produced | generated by the methane fermentation process of a methane fermentation process. The methane fermentation residue is a processed product after the methane fermentation treatment is performed. The methane fermentation treatment may be a so-called medium temperature methane fermentation treatment (above 20 ° C. and 40 ° C. or less, preferably 30 ° C. to 37 ° C.), and a high temperature methane fermentation treatment (above 40 ° C. and 65 ° C. or less, preferably Although it may be from 50 ° C. to 55 ° C., medium temperature methane fermentation treatment is preferable in that energy for heating the methane fermentation tank can be reduced.

  The second solid-liquid separation unit 225 is configured in the same manner as the first solid-liquid separation unit 222, for example. In addition, the second solid-liquid separation step can be performed by solid-liquid separation of the methane fermentation residue in the same manner as the first solid-liquid separation step. The methane fermentation separated liquid D obtained in the second solid-liquid separation step is a liquid obtained by solid-liquid separation of the methane fermentation residue. On the other hand, the methane fermentation separation solid content obtained in the second solid-liquid separation step is a solid content obtained by solid-liquid separation of the methane fermentation residue. The methane fermentation separated solid content can be sent to the outside of the biomass processing apparatus 20 and further processed, for example.

  In this embodiment, at least a part of the methane fermentation separation liquid D obtained by the second solid-liquid separation step in the second solid-liquid separation unit 225 is supplied to the pretreatment tank to perform the pretreatment step.

  The methane fermentation separation liquid D separated from the methane fermentation residue by solid-liquid separation in the second solid-liquid separation step contains a relatively large amount of metabolites produced by the microorganisms involved in methane fermentation along with the methane fermentation treatment. Such metabolites include, for example, inorganic nutrients such as ammonia nitrogen and phosphate phosphorus. By using the methane fermentation separated solution D containing such inorganic nutrients in the above pretreatment step, the rumen microorganism uses the ammonia nitrogen of the methane fermentation separated solution D as a nitrogen component, and also uses phosphate phosphorus. It can be actively metabolized and proliferated by using it as a phosphorus content. Since inorganic nutrients such as ammonia nitrogen and phosphate phosphorus are dissolved in water, rumen microorganisms are easy to use directly as nutrient sources. Since such a nutrient source can be used, rumen microorganisms can be actively metabolized and proliferated in the pretreatment process.

  Like this embodiment, the load for draining the methane fermentation separation liquid D is reduced by using the methane fermentation separation liquid D obtained by the second solid-liquid separation process in the pretreatment process. For example, the amount of air diffused in an aeration tank for treating activated sludge can be suppressed, and the equipment for wastewater treatment can be reduced to a small scale.

In the present embodiment, the biomass processing method can be carried out in a so-called semi-continuous type.
For example, after performing the pretreatment process in the pretreatment unit 21 until the pH of the treatment object of the pretreatment unit 21 is lower than a specified value due to the generated volatile fatty acid, a part of the treatment object is subjected to the ethanol fermentation unit. 221 is supplied. On the other hand, in the pretreatment tank, the remaining part of the object to be processed, the newly supplied biomass B, and the ethanol fermentation separation liquid C newly supplied from the distillation unit 223 through the first solid-liquid separation step are mixed, A new object is prepared. In addition, the methane fermentation separation liquid D which passed through the 2nd solid-liquid separation process is newly supplied to a to-be-processed object as needed. And a pre-processing process is performed similarly.
Moreover, after supplying a part of to-be-processed object from the pre-processing part 21 to the ethanol fermentation part 221, the ethanol fermentation process is given with respect to the supplied to-be-processed object for a predetermined period, and an ethanol fermentation process is performed. Thereafter, a part of the contents of the ethanol fermenter (ethanol fermentation residue) is supplied to the first solid-liquid separator 222.
Similarly, the pretreatment process and the ethanol fermentation process are repeated, and the biomass treatment method can be carried out in a semi-continuous manner.
Moreover, the ethanol fermentation separation solid content according to the quantity of the ethanol fermentation residue supplied to the 1st solid-liquid separation part 222 is supplied to the methane fermentation part 224, and the ethanol fermentation separation liquid C according to the quantity of the said ethanol fermentation residue is supplied. It supplies to the distillation part 223. The ethanol fermentation separation liquid C that has undergone the distillation process of the distillation unit 223 is supplied to the pretreatment unit 21 as described above.
Moreover, after performing a methane fermentation process by the methane fermentation process of a predetermined period, a part of contents (methane fermentation residue) of a methane fermentation tank are supplied to the 2nd solid-liquid separation part 225. The methane fermentation separation liquid D corresponding to the amount of methane fermentation residue supplied to the second solid-liquid separation unit 225 is supplied to the pretreatment unit 21 as described above.

On the other hand, in this embodiment, the biomass processing method can also be carried out in a so-called continuous manner.
For example, while supplying a part of the processing object to the ethanol fermentation unit 221 while performing the preprocessing step in the preprocessing unit 21, the processing object in the preprocessing unit 21 is supplied with biomass B at a predetermined time interval. The ethanol fermentation separation liquid C from the distillation part 223 which passed through the 1st solid-liquid separation process is supplied. In addition, the methane fermentation separation liquid D which passed through the 2nd solid-liquid separation process is also supplied to a to-be-processed object as needed. And the to-be-processed object containing a fermentation component is supplied to the ethanol fermentation part 221, producing | generating a fermentation component from the polysaccharide of biomass B by a pre-processing process.
In addition, the ethanol fermentation process is performed while supplying the workpiece from the pretreatment unit 21 to the ethanol fermentation tank of the ethanol fermentation unit 221. Moreover, a part of the fermentation residue in the ethanol fermenter is supplied to the first solid-liquid separator 222 while performing the ethanol fermentation process.
As described above, in the biomass processing method performed in a continuous manner, for example, a predetermined amount of an object to be processed per unit time is pretreated so that the amount of ethanol generated per unit time generated in the ethanol fermentation unit 221 becomes a desired amount. 21 to the ethanol fermentation unit 221, and a predetermined amount of ethanol fermentation residue per unit time can be taken out from the ethanol fermentation tank and supplied to the first solid-liquid separation unit 222.
Further, the ethanol fermentation separation liquid C corresponding to the amount of ethanol fermentation residue supplied to the first solid-liquid separation unit 222 is supplied to the distillation unit 223. The ethanol fermentation separation liquid C that has undergone the distillation process while performing the distillation process in the distillation unit 223 is supplied to the pretreatment unit 21 as described above.
In addition, the ethanol fermentation separation solid content corresponding to the amount of ethanol fermentation residue supplied to the first solid-liquid separation unit 222 is supplied to the methane fermentation unit 224. A part of the content of the methane fermentation tank (methane fermentation residue) is supplied to the second solid-liquid separation unit 225 while supplying the ethanol fermentation separation solids to the methane fermentation unit 224. The methane fermentation separation liquid D corresponding to the amount of methane fermentation residue supplied to the second solid-liquid separation unit 225 is supplied to the pretreatment unit 21 as described above.
In this way, the biomass processing method can be carried out continuously.

  Next, an embodiment of the wastewater treatment facility according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

As shown in FIG. 2, the wastewater treatment facility 1 of the present embodiment
A first treatment unit 10 for biologically treating organic wastewater with activated sludge;
And a second processing unit 20 that performs an ethanol fermentation process on the fermentation components generated from the polysaccharide by ruminant microorganisms derived from ruminants.
The 2nd process part 20 is the biomass B containing polysaccharide, the rumen microorganism, the ethanol fermentation separation liquid C separated from the ethanol fermentation residue which passed through the ethanol fermentation process, and the methane fermentation which passed through the methane fermentation process. In the to-be-processed object which mixed at least one of the methane fermentation separation liquid D isolate | separated from the residue by solid-liquid separation, the pre-processing part 21 which produces | generates a fermentation component,
And a fermentation unit 22 that performs an ethanol fermentation process on at least a part of the processing object including the fermentation component.
The fermentation unit 22 has an ethanol fermentation unit 221 that performs an ethanol fermentation process, and at least a portion of the ethanol fermentation separated solids separated by solid-liquid separation from the ethanol fermentation residue that has undergone the ethanol fermentation process of the second processing unit 20. And a methane fermentation unit 224 that performs methane fermentation treatment.
The wastewater treatment facility 1 of the present embodiment supplies a part of the excess sludge F generated by the biological treatment of the first treatment unit 10 to the methane fermentation unit 224, and methane fermentation for the supplied excess sludge F. The unit 224 is configured to perform a methane fermentation process.

The 1st process part 10 is the living body which carries out the biological treatment of the waste_water | drain supplied from the front | former stage separation | separation part 11 which isolate | separates primary sedimentation sludge from said organic waste water before biological treatment by the activated sludge with the activated sludge. The process part 12 and the back | latter stage separation part 13 which isolate | separates the treated water and activated sludge to which the biological treatment was performed are provided. In the present invention, the first processing unit 10 does not necessarily have the pre-stage separation unit 11.
The 2nd process part 20 is comprised similarly to the apparatus for enforcing the biomass processing method mentioned above.

  Organic wastewater contains particles containing organic matter. The organic substance contains a nitrogen content such as organic nitrogen and a phosphorus content such as organic phosphorus. The organic wastewater is, for example, food / drinking water factory wastewater, brewery factory wastewater, paper mill wastewater, sewage and the like.

  The pre-stage separation unit 11 has an initial settling tank that is a settling tank that accommodates organic waste water therein. The pre-separation unit 11 lowers the flow rate of the organic wastewater first supplied to the settling tank and retains it, thereby precipitating sludge (including particles and the like) by precipitation from the organic wastewater before being biologically treated. It is configured to be stored in the lower part of the first sedimentation tank. The pre-stage separation unit 11 is configured such that the accumulated initial settling sludge can be extracted from the bottom of the first settling tank to the outside of the first settling tank.

  The biological treatment unit 12 includes an aeration tank that contains activated sludge inside, performs aeration by supplying air therein, and causes the activated sludge to flow by a stirring force accompanying aeration. The biological treatment unit 12 is configured to biologically treat the organic wastewater supplied from the upstream separation unit 11 in the aeration tank with activated sludge. By the microorganisms contained in the activated sludge, the organic matter in the organic waste water can be decomposed into inorganic matter under aerobic conditions.

  The post-stage separation unit 13 has a final sedimentation tank that stores treated water that has been subjected to biological treatment. The post-stage separation unit 13 is configured to store activated sludge in the lower part of the final sedimentation tank by sedimentation by lowering the flow rate of the treated water supplied to the final sedimentation tank and retaining it. The post-separation unit 13 is configured to extract the accumulated activated sludge from the bottom of the final sedimentation tank to the outside of the final sedimentation tank. Activated sludge contains microorganisms that can decompose organic matter. Therefore, the activated sludge contains a relatively large amount of organic matter, and also contains nitrogen and phosphorus such as organic nitrogen.

  In addition, the 1st process part 10 is comprised so that a part of activated sludge isolate | separated by the back | latter stage separation part 13 can be supplied (returned) to the aeration tank of the biological treatment part 12. FIG.

  The wastewater treatment facility 1 is configured to be able to supply the initial sedimentation sludge obtained by precipitation in the pre-stage separation unit 11 to the pretreatment unit 21. Thereby, the amount of waste generated in the wastewater treatment facility 1 can be reduced. Since the primary sludge contains a relatively large amount of nitrogen and phosphorus, it can activate the metabolism and growth of rumen microorganisms in the pretreatment step in the pretreatment unit 21. The initial settling sludge may contain vegetable scraps or teacups (tea husk) containing cellulose. In such a case, since the primary sedimentation sludge contains cellulose, the biomass B is supplied to the pretreatment unit 21 by supplying the primary sedimentation sludge to the pretreatment unit 21.

  In the wastewater treatment facility 1 described above, a part of the remaining portion (excess sludge F) obtained by removing (excluding) the amount supplied (returned) to the aeration tank of the biological treatment unit 12 from the activated sludge obtained by precipitation in the subsequent separation unit 13 is used for methane fermentation It is comprised so that it can supply to the methane fermenter of the part 224. Thereby, the amount of waste generated in the wastewater treatment facility 1 can be reduced. Since the excess sludge F contains a relatively large amount of organic matter, nitrogen and phosphorus, it can activate the metabolism and growth of methane-producing bacteria and the like in the methane fermentation process in the methane fermentation unit 224, and can promote the generation of methane gas. .

  In addition, the waste water treatment facility 1 of this embodiment includes the activated sludge (excess sludge F) separated by the rear separation unit 13 of the first treatment unit 10 and the second solid-liquid separation unit 225 of the second treatment unit 20. A sludge treatment unit 30 for treating the separated solid content (solid content of the methane fermentation residue) is further provided. Specifically, the sludge treatment unit 30 may include a sludge drying device for drying sludge, a sludge incineration device for incinerating sludge, and the like, but is not limited thereto.

  Then, one Embodiment of the waste water treatment method concerning this invention is described.

  The wastewater treatment method of the present embodiment includes a first treatment step for biologically treating organic wastewater with activated sludge and a second treatment step corresponding to the biomass treatment method.

Specifically, the wastewater treatment method of this embodiment is
A first treatment step of biologically treating organic wastewater with activated sludge;
A second treatment step of subjecting the fermentation component produced from the polysaccharide by ruminant microorganisms derived from ruminants to an ethanol fermentation treatment.
The second treatment step includes biomass B containing polysaccharides, rumen microorganisms, ethanol fermentation separation C separated from the ethanol fermentation residue that has undergone ethanol fermentation by solid-liquid separation, and methane fermentation residue that has undergone methane fermentation In the to-be-processed material in which at least one of the methane fermentation separated liquid separated from the liquid by solid-liquid separation is mixed, a pretreatment step for generating fermentation components;
And a fermentation process in which an ethanol fermentation process is performed on at least a part of an object to be processed including a fermentation component.
The fermentation process includes an ethanol fermentation process in which an ethanol fermentation process is performed, and a methane fermentation process in which at least a portion of the ethanol fermentation separated solids separated from the ethanol fermentation residue that has undergone the ethanol fermentation process is separated by solid-liquid separation. Process.
In the wastewater treatment method of the present embodiment, the methane fermentation process of the methane fermentation process is performed on a part of the surplus sludge F generated along with the biological treatment of the first process process.
In addition, a 2nd process process can be implemented like the biomass processing method mentioned above.

  The pre-stage separation step can be performed by the pre-stage separation unit 11 described above. In the pre-stage separation step, for example, the organic waste water supplied to the pre-stage separation section 11 is retained for several hours to several days, thereby precipitating sludge.

  The biological treatment process can be performed by the biological treatment unit 12 described above. In the biological treatment process, for example, aeration is performed by supplying air into the aeration tank. And the organic matter of organic waste water is decomposed | disassembled by the microorganisms which comprise activated sludge, making activated sludge flow with the stirring force accompanying aeration. Oxygen can be supplied to activated sludge microorganisms by aeration.

  The post-separation step can be performed by the post-separation unit 13 described above. In the subsequent separation step, for example, the treated water supplied to the subsequent separation unit 13 is retained for several hours to several days to precipitate activated sludge.

  In the wastewater treatment method of the present embodiment, the initial sedimentation sludge obtained by precipitation in the previous separation step may be supplied to the pretreatment unit 21. Thereby, the amount of waste generated by the wastewater treatment method can be reduced. Since the primary sludge contains a relatively large amount of nitrogen and phosphorus, it can activate the metabolism and growth of rumen microorganisms in the pretreatment step in the pretreatment unit 21. The initial settling sludge may contain vegetable scraps or teacups (tea husk) containing cellulose. In such a case, since the primary sedimentation sludge contains cellulose, the biomass B is supplied to the pretreatment unit 21 by supplying the primary sedimentation sludge to the pretreatment unit 21.

  In the wastewater treatment method of the present embodiment, a part of the remaining portion (excess sludge F) obtained by removing (excluding) the amount supplied (returned) to the aeration tank of the biological treatment unit 12 from the activated sludge obtained by precipitation in the subsequent separation step is used for methane fermentation. You may supply to the methane fermenter of the part 224. Since the excess sludge F contains a relatively large amount of organic matter, nitrogen, and phosphorus, it can activate the metabolism and growth of methane-producing bacteria and the like in the methane fermentation process in the methane fermentation unit 224, and can promote the generation of methane gas. .

Although the biomass treatment method, the wastewater treatment method, the wastewater treatment facility, and the like according to the present embodiment are as illustrated above, the present invention is not limited to the above-exemplified wastewater treatment facility.
Moreover, the various aspects used in a general biomass processing method, a wastewater treatment method, a wastewater treatment facility, etc. can be employ | adopted in the range which does not impair the effect of this invention.

  In the said embodiment, although the biomass processing method provided with the pretreatment process which does not mix the ethanol fermentation separation liquid C and the methane fermentation separation liquid D with a to-be-processed object was demonstrated in detail, this invention is limited to such a biomass processing method. Not. For example, the present invention does not include a pretreatment step, and a step of preparing an object to be processed by mixing rumen liquid A, biomass B, and further ethanol fermentation separation liquid C or methane fermentation separation liquid D. The biomass processing method provided instead of may be used.

  In the said embodiment, although the biomass processing method using the biomass processing apparatus which has the ethanol fermentation part 221 and the methane fermentation part 224 was demonstrated in detail, this invention is not limited to such a biomass processing method. For example, as shown in FIG. 3, the present invention may be a biomass processing method using a biomass processing apparatus that does not have the methane fermentation unit 224 but has only the ethanol fermentation unit 221 as the fermentation unit 22. In such a biomass treatment method, the solid content (ethanol fermentation separated solid content) obtained by solid-liquid separation from the ethanol fermentation residue after the ethanol fermentation treatment can be discarded.

  In addition, as shown by the broken line in FIG. 1, in the biomass processing apparatus of the above embodiment, the ethanol fermentation separation liquid C (that is, the first ethanol fermentation separation liquid) obtained in the first solid-liquid separation unit is the distillation unit 223. It may be configured so as to be returned to the preprocessing unit 21 without going through. Moreover, as shown by the broken line in FIG. 1, the ethanol fermentation residue after the ethanol fermentation process is performed in the ethanol fermentation unit 221 does not pass through the first solid-liquid separation unit 222 and the distillation unit 223, but the methane fermentation unit 224. May be configured to be supplied.

1: Wastewater treatment equipment,
10: 1st processing part,
11: First stage separation unit, 12: Biological treatment unit, 13: Second stage separation unit,
20: 2nd processing part (biomass processing apparatus),
21: Pre-processing unit,
22: Fermentation part,
221: ethanol fermentation section, 222: first solid-liquid separation section, 223: distillation section,
224: methane fermentation unit, 225: second solid-liquid separation unit,
23: crushing part,
30: Sludge treatment part,
A: Rumen liquid, B: Biomass, C: Ethanol fermentation separation liquid,
D: Methane fermentation separation liquid, E: Purified ethanol, F: Activated sludge (excess sludge).

Claims (6)

Biomass containing polysaccharides;
Rumen microorganisms from ruminants,
At least one of the ethanol fermentation separation liquid separated by solid-liquid separation from the ethanol fermentation residue after ethanol fermentation treatment and the methane fermentation separation liquid separated by solid-liquid separation from the methane fermentation residue after methane fermentation treatment was mixed. In the treated object, a pretreatment step of generating a fermentation component from the polysaccharide,
A fermentation process in which an ethanol fermentation treatment is performed on at least a part of the object to be treated containing the fermentation component;
A biomass processing method.   The biomass treatment method according to claim 1, wherein the ethanol fermentation separation liquid to be mixed with the object to be treated in the pretreatment step includes an ethanol fermentation separation liquid that has undergone the ethanol fermentation treatment in the fermentation step. In the fermentation step, methane fermentation treatment is performed on at least a part of the ethanol fermentation residue after the ethanol fermentation treatment is performed,
The biomass processing method according to claim 1 or 2 with which said methane fermentation separation liquid mixed with said processed material of said pretreatment process contains methane fermentation separation liquid which passed said methane fermentation processing of said fermentation process.   The ethanol fermentation treatment is performed on a part of the object to be processed that has undergone the pretreatment step, and at least a part of the remaining part of the object to be processed is at least one of the ethanol fermentation separation liquid and the methane fermentation separation liquid. The biomass processing method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the biomass is further supplied to further generate fermentation components. A first treatment step of biologically treating organic wastewater with activated sludge;
A second treatment step of subjecting the fermentation component produced from the polysaccharide by ruminant microorganisms derived from ruminants to an ethanol fermentation treatment,
The second treatment step includes
By the solid-liquid separation from the biomass containing the polysaccharide, the rumen microorganisms, the ethanol fermentation separation liquid separated from the ethanol fermentation residue through the ethanol fermentation treatment, and the methane fermentation residue through the methane fermentation treatment In a workpiece to be mixed with at least one of the separated methane fermentation separation liquid, a pretreatment step for generating the fermentation component;
A fermentation process for performing the ethanol fermentation treatment on at least a part of the object to be treated containing the fermentation component,
The fermentation process is an ethanol fermentation process in which the ethanol fermentation process is performed, and a methane fermentation process is performed on at least part of the ethanol fermentation separated solids separated from the ethanol fermentation residue that has undergone the ethanol fermentation process by solid-liquid separation. A methane fermentation process,
The waste water treatment method which performs the said methane fermentation process of the said methane fermentation process with respect to a part of surplus sludge produced with the said biological treatment of a said 1st process process. A first treatment unit for biologically treating organic wastewater with activated sludge;
A second processing unit that performs an ethanol fermentation process on a fermentation component generated from a polysaccharide by ruminant microorganisms derived from ruminants,
The second processing unit includes:
By the solid-liquid separation from the biomass containing the polysaccharide, the rumen microorganisms, the ethanol fermentation separation liquid separated from the ethanol fermentation residue through the ethanol fermentation treatment, and the methane fermentation residue through the methane fermentation treatment In a workpiece to be mixed with at least one of the separated methane fermentation separation liquid, a pretreatment unit that generates the fermentation component;
A fermentation section that performs the ethanol fermentation treatment on at least a part of the object to be treated containing the fermentation component,
The fermentation part is an ethanol fermentation part that performs the ethanol fermentation process, and at least a part of the ethanol fermentation separated solids separated by solid-liquid separation from the ethanol fermentation residue that has undergone the ethanol fermentation process of the second process part. And a methane fermentation section that performs methane fermentation treatment,
A part of the excess sludge generated in association with the biological treatment of the first treatment unit is supplied to the methane fermentation unit, and the methane fermentation treatment is performed on the supplied excess sludge in the methane fermentation unit. The wastewater treatment facility is composed of

Images