JP2019207049A - Fuel injection device and gas turbine - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a fuel injection device for enabling sufficient mixture of air and fuel gas while suppressing an increase in length of a premixing tube, and to provide a gas turbine.SOLUTION: A fuel injection device includes a premixing tube 2, a fuel introduction part, and a downstream side plate, the premixing tube 2 including a tube body 21, and a guide part 22, the tube body 21 having a through-hole 23 formed at an upstream side end 2a at a side near an introduction port 2A to communicate with an internal space and an external space S2, the guide part 22 extending from an end 23a of the through-hole 23 in a peripheral direction around an axis line A2 of the premixing tube 2 so as to cross both the peripheral direction and an axial direction Da where the axis line A2 extends.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

  The present invention relates to a fuel injection device and a gas turbine.

Fuel injection devices such as gas turbines and boilers often supply an air-fuel mixture in which compressed air and fuel gas are mixed in advance to a combustor.
Patent Document 1 discloses a fuel injection device that ejects an air-fuel mixture obtained by mixing compressed air and fuel gas from a plurality of ejection holes regularly formed on a circular substrate.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2006-080214

In a fuel injection device as described in Patent Document 1, it is desired to uniformly mix compressed air and fuel gas in order to reduce NOx (nitrogen oxide). Specifically, it is preferable that the compressed air and the fuel gas are uniformly mixed before reaching the plurality of ejection holes of the fuel injection device.
However, when the fuel gas is injected into the air using the premixing tube to mix the air and the fuel gas, the length of the premixing tube is increased in order to sufficiently mix the air and the fuel gas. There is a need to. If the premixing tube is lengthened, there is a possibility that the cost of parts increases, or combustion stability is lowered and combustion vibration occurs.
The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and a fuel injection device and a gas turbine capable of sufficiently mixing air and fuel gas while suppressing an increase in the length of the premixing tube. Is to provide.

In order to solve the above problems, the following configuration is adopted.
According to the first aspect of the present invention, the fuel injection device includes a premixing tube, a fuel introducing portion, and a downstream plate. The premixing tube introduces air into the internal space from the inlet. The premixing tube discharges the air-fuel mixture obtained by mixing the air and the fuel from the discharge port. The fuel introduction part introduces fuel into the internal space. The downstream plate has an end on the discharge port side of the premixing tube passing through and supports the downstream end of the premixing tube. The premixing tube includes a tube main body and a guide part. The tube main body is formed with a through hole that communicates the internal space and the external space at the upstream end on the side close to the introduction port. The guide portion extends from the end portion of the through hole in the circumferential direction around the axis of the premixing tube so as to intersect both the circumferential direction and the axial direction in which the axis extends.
With this configuration, a part of the air introduced into the internal space of the premixing tube is introduced into the internal space of the premixing tube through a through hole formed at the upstream end. At this time, air is guided from the end portion of the through hole in the circumferential direction by a guide portion extending so as to intersect both the circumferential direction and the axial direction in which the axis extends. The air flow guided by the guide includes a flow in the circumferential direction. For this reason, the air flow introduced into the internal space of the premixing tube includes a swirling flow around the axis of the premixing tube. Therefore, mixing of air and fuel is promoted by the swirl flow.
Therefore, it is possible to sufficiently mix the air and the fuel gas while suppressing the length of the premixing tube from being increased.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the guide part according to the first aspect may include an inner guide part. The inner guide portion extends from the first end portion of the through hole in the circumferential direction toward the inner side of the introduction port and closer to the second end portion of the through hole.
By guiding the air with the inner guide portion configured in this way, the air introduced into the internal space through the through hole is moved in the direction from the first end portion of the through hole to the second end portion in the circumferential direction. Can be swiveled.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, the guide part according to the first or second aspect may include an outer guide part. The outer guide portion extends from the second end portion of the through hole in the circumferential direction toward the outside of the introduction port and closer to the first end portion of the through hole.
By guiding the air by the outer guide portion configured as described above, the air introduced into the internal space through the through hole is moved in the direction from the first end portion of the through hole to the second end portion in the circumferential direction. Can be swiveled.

According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, a plurality of guide portions and through holes according to any one of the first to third aspects may be provided at intervals in the circumferential direction of the introduction port.
By comprising in this way, air can be simultaneously introduce | transduced into internal space from several through-holes. Since the air introduced into the internal space from the plurality of through holes is guided by the guide portion extending from the plurality of through holes, the swirling flow of the air introduced into the internal space can be further enhanced.

According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, the fuel introduction part according to any one of the first to fourth aspects may include a nozzle. The nozzle is inserted into the internal space from the introduction port and injects fuel from the tip.
With this configuration, when fuel is injected into the internal space of the premixing tube by the nozzle inserted from the introduction port, a swirling flow is generated in the flow of air that flows around the nozzle and flows downstream. Can be made. Therefore, air and fuel can be sufficiently mixed by the swirling flow on the downstream side of the nozzle and discharged from the discharge port.

According to the sixth aspect of the present invention, the fuel introduction part according to any one of the first to fourth aspects includes the downstream side plate, the upstream side plate, the fuel supply pipe, and the fuel through hole forming part. And may be provided. The upstream plate forms a plenum between the outer wall of the premix tube and the downstream plate. The upstream plate is disposed closer to the introduction port than the downstream plate, and has an upstream through hole that allows the premixing tube to pass therethrough. The fuel supply pipe supplies fuel to the plenum. The fuel through hole forming part forms a part of the outer wall of the premixing tube and forms a fuel through hole that penetrates the outer wall of the premixing tube.
With this configuration, when fuel is supplied from the fuel supply pipe to the plenum and fuel is supplied from the plenum to the internal space, a swirl flow can be formed in the internal space of the premixing tube. Therefore, the fuel and air supplied from the plenum can be sufficiently mixed in the internal space of the premixing tube and discharged from the discharge port.

According to the seventh aspect of the present invention, the gas turbine includes the fuel injection device according to any one of the first to seventh aspects.
By comprising in this way, since air and fuel can fully be mixed, nitrogen oxides can be reduced. Furthermore, since the overall length of the premixing tube can be shortened, combustion vibration can be suppressed.

  According to the fuel injection device and the gas turbine, the compressed air and the fuel gas can be sufficiently mixed while suppressing an increase in the length of the premixing tube.

It is a block diagram which shows schematic structure of the gas turbine in 1st embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows schematic structure of the fuel-injection apparatus in 1st embodiment of this invention. It is the perspective view which expanded the edge part of the upstream of the tube main body of the premixing tube in 1st embodiment of this invention. It is the figure which looked at the tube main body of the premixing tube in 1st embodiment of this invention from the axial direction. It is a figure equivalent to FIG. 4 in 2nd embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the example of arrangement | positioning of the premixing tube in 2nd embodiment of this invention. It is a figure equivalent to FIG. 4 in 3rd embodiment of this invention. It is a figure equivalent to FIG. 2 in the other modification of embodiment of this invention.

(First embodiment)
Next, a fuel injection device and a gas turbine according to a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing a schematic configuration of a gas turbine according to an embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in FIG. 1, the gas turbine 100 of this embodiment includes a compressor 51, a plurality of combustors 52, and a turbine 53.

The compressor 51 compresses the outside air Ao to generate compressed air A. The compressor 51 includes a compressor rotor 56, a compressor casing 57, and a plurality of compressor vane rows 58.
The compressor rotor 56 rotates about the gas turbine axis Ar. The compressor rotor 56 includes a compressor rotor shaft 59 and a plurality of compressor moving blade rows 60. The compressor rotor shaft 59 extends along the gas turbine axis Ar. The plurality of compressor blade rows 60 are attached to the compressor rotor shaft 59.
The compressor casing 57 covers the compressor rotor 56 rotatably.

  The plurality of compressor rotor cascades 60 are arranged in the axial direction of the gas turbine axis Ar. Each compressor moving blade row 60 includes a plurality of moving blades (not shown) arranged in the circumferential direction of the gas turbine axis Ar. On the downstream side of the plurality of compressor moving blade rows 60, compressor stationary blade rows 58 are respectively arranged.

  The plurality of compressor stationary blade rows 58 are all fixed inside the compressor casing 57. Each of the plurality of compressor stationary blade rows 58 includes a plurality of stationary blades (not shown) arranged in the circumferential direction of the gas turbine axis Ar.

  The plurality of combustors 52 generate high-temperature and high-pressure combustion gas G. The plurality of combustors 52 are fixed to the intermediate casing 67. The plurality of combustors 52 are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction of the gas turbine axis Ar.

Each of the plurality of combustors 52 includes a fuel injection device 1 and a combustion cylinder 69.
The fuel injection device 1 generates an air-fuel mixture of the compressed air A compressed by the compressor 51 and the fuel gas F and supplies it to the combustion cylinder 69. The fuel injection device 1 is disposed inside an outer cylinder (not shown) of the combustor 52.

  The combustion cylinder 69 burns the air-fuel mixture supplied from the fuel injection device 1 and guides the combustion gas G thus combusted to the turbine 53.

  The turbine 53 converts the thermal energy of the combustion gas G into rotational energy. The turbine 53 includes a turbine rotor 61, a turbine casing 62, and a plurality of turbine stationary blade rows 63. The turbine rotor 61 rotates about the gas turbine axis Ar. The turbine rotor 61 has a turbine rotor shaft 64 and a plurality of turbine rotor blade rows 65. The turbine rotor shaft 64 extends along the gas turbine axis Ar. The turbine rotor 61 is connected to the compressor rotor 56 described above, and constitutes a gas turbine rotor 68 together with the compressor rotor 56. The case where the generator G is connected as a load is illustrated to the gas turbine rotor 68 in this embodiment.

  The plurality of turbine rotor blade rows 65 are attached to the turbine rotor shaft 64. The plurality of turbine rotor blade rows 65 are arranged in the axial direction of the gas turbine axis Ar. Each of the plurality of turbine rotor blade rows 65 includes a plurality of rotor blades (not shown) arranged in the circumferential direction of the gas turbine axis Ar.

  The plurality of turbine stationary blade rows 63 are arranged on the upstream side of the plurality of turbine rotor blade rows 65. Each of the plurality of turbine vane rows 63 is fixed inside the turbine casing 62. Each of the plurality of turbine vane rows 63 is composed of a plurality of vanes (not shown) arranged in the circumferential direction of the gas turbine axis Ar.

  The turbine casing 62 covers the turbine rotor 61 rotatably. An intermediate casing 67 is disposed between the turbine casing 62 and the compressor casing 57 described above. The intermediate casing 67 is formed in a cylindrical shape centered on the gas turbine axis Ar.

  According to the gas turbine 100, first, the outside air Ao taken into the compressor 51 is compressed by passing through the plurality of compressor stationary blade rows 58 and the compressor moving blade row 60, thereby compressing at high temperature and high pressure. It becomes air A. This compressed air A is mixed with the fuel gas F in the combustor 52. The mixed air-fuel mixture is burned to become a high-temperature / high-pressure combustion gas G. The combustion gas G passes through the turbine stationary blade row 63 and the turbine rotor blade row 65 of the turbine 53. At that time, the turbine rotor shaft 64 is rotationally driven, and rotational energy is transmitted to the generator G connected to the gas turbine rotor 68. This rotational energy is converted into electrical energy by the generator G and output.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a schematic configuration of the fuel injection device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in FIG. 2, the fuel injection device 1 includes a fuel supply pipe 8, a plurality of premixing tubes 2, an upstream plate 3, a downstream plate 4, and an outer wall 5.
In the following description, the direction in which the axis At of the fuel supply pipe 8 extends is defined as the axial direction Da. A direction perpendicular to the axis At is a radial direction Dr, a side away from the axis At in the radial direction Dr is a radially outer Dr1, and a side closer to the axis At in the radial direction Dr is a radially inner Dr2. Also, the side where the fuel gas F in the axial direction Da is introduced (the left side in FIG. 2) is the upstream side Da1, and the side where the fuel gas F in the axial direction Da is injected (the right side in FIG. 2) is the downstream side Da2. . Further, the circumferential direction around the axis At is simply referred to as a circumferential direction Dc.

  The fuel supply pipe 8 forms a flow path that guides the fuel gas F supplied from the outside to the plenum PF (details will be described later). The fuel supply pipe 8 has a tubular shape extending in the axial direction Da. The fuel gas F in the fuel supply pipe 8 flows from the upstream Da1 toward the downstream Da2. An end portion 8a of the downstream side Da2 of the fuel supply pipe 8 is supported by the upstream side plate 3 and opens in the plenum PF.

  The upstream plate 3 supports an end portion (upstream end portion) 2 a of the upstream Da 1 of the plurality of premixing tubes 2 and an end portion 8 a of the downstream Da 2 of the fuel supply pipe 8. The upstream plate 3 further closes the opening of the upstream side Da1 of the outer wall 5. The upstream plate 3 has a disc shape centered on the axis At. The upstream plate 3 includes a first through hole 3a formed at the center of the disk and a plurality of second through holes (upstream through holes) 3b formed around the first through hole 3a. I have.

  The end portion 8a on the downstream side Da2 of the fuel supply pipe 8 described above is inserted into the first through hole 3a. More specifically, the end portion 8a on the downstream side Da2 of the fuel supply pipe 8 is disposed so as to protrude to the downstream side Da2 of the upstream plate 3 through the first through hole 3a. An end 2a of the upstream Da1 of the premixing tube 2 is inserted through the second through hole 3b. More specifically, the end 2a of the upstream Da1 of the premixing tube 2 is disposed so as to protrude to the upstream Da1 of the upstream plate 3 through the second through hole 3b.

  The downstream plate 4 supports the end portions 2 b of the downstream Da 2 of the plurality of premixing tubes 2. The downstream plate 4 further closes the opening of the downstream side Da <b> 2 of the outer wall 5. The downstream plate 4 is formed in a disc shape centered on the axis At and has an outer diameter substantially the same as that of the upstream plate 3.

  The outer side wall 5 is formed in a cylindrical shape that forms a plenum PF inside. More specifically, the outer wall 5 has a cylindrical shape extending in the axial direction Da about the axis At. In the outer wall 5, the opening on the upstream side Da <b> 1 is closed by the upstream side plate 3, and the opening on the downstream side Da <b> 2 is closed by the downstream side plate 4. That is, the downstream plate 4 and the upstream plate 3 are connected via the outer wall 5. Thereby, the surface 4a of the downstream Da2 of these downstream plates 4, the surface 3c of the upstream Da1 of the upstream plate 3, the inner peripheral surface 5a of the outer wall 5, and the outer peripheral surface of the outer wall 2d of the premixing tube 2 And 2f, a plenum PF that accommodates the fuel gas G is defined.

  The premixing tube 2 is formed in a cylindrical shape extending in the axial direction Da. In the premixing tube 2, compressed air A is introduced from an inlet 2 </ b> A on the upstream side Da <b> 1, and an air-fuel mixture MG in which compressed air A and fuel gas F are mixed is discharged from a discharge port 2 </ b> B on the downstream side Da <b> 2. As described above, the end 2a of the upstream Da1 of the premixing tube 2 in this embodiment is supported by the upstream plate 3, and the end 2b of the downstream Da2 is supported by the downstream plate 4.

  The end 2b of the downstream Da2 of the premixing tube 2 exemplified in the first embodiment does not protrude from the downstream plate 4 to the downstream Da2, and the surface of the downstream Da2 of the downstream plate 4 in the axial direction Da. It is arranged at the same position as 4b. In other words, the end surface 2bt of the downstream Da2 of the premixing tube 2 and the surface 4b of the downstream Da2 of the downstream plate 4 are flush with each other. An end 2a of the upstream Da1 of the premixing tube 2 is formed so as to protrude from the upstream plate 3 to the upstream Da1.

  The outer wall 2d of the premixing tube 2 includes a fuel through hole forming portion 12 that forms a fuel through hole 12h penetrating in the radial direction. In the first embodiment, the downstream plate 4, the upstream plate 3, the fuel supply pipe 8, and the fuel through hole forming unit 12 constitute the fuel supply unit of the present invention.

  The fuel through hole 12h allows the internal space S1 of the premixing tube 2 and the plenum PF to communicate with each other. The fuel gas F accommodated in the plenum PF flows into the internal space S1 of the premixing tube 2 through these fuel through holes 12h. The fuel through hole 12 h has, for example, a circular cross-sectional shape and extends in the radial direction of the premixing tube 2. In this embodiment, a plurality of fuel through holes 12 h are provided at intervals in the circumferential direction of the premixing tube 2. The positions of the fuel through holes 12h of the plurality of premix tubes 2 are the same in the axial direction Da. The fuel through hole 12h exemplified in this embodiment is located closer to the introduction port 2A than the center of the premixing tube 2 in the axial direction Da. The direction in which the fuel through hole 12h extends is not limited to the radial direction. Further, the positions of the fuel through holes 12h in the plurality of premixing tubes 2 may be different in the axial direction Da.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged perspective view of the upstream end of the tube body of the premixing tube according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a view of the tube body of the premixed tube according to the first embodiment of the present invention as seen from the axial direction.
As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the premixing tube 2 includes a tube main body 21 and a guide portion 22.

  The tube body 21 includes a through hole 23 that communicates the internal space S1 and the external space S2 at the end 2a of the upstream side Da1 on the side close to the introduction port 2A. The through-hole 23 is formed in the upstream Da1 with respect to the upstream plate 3 in the end 2a of the upstream Da1. The through hole 23 in this embodiment is formed so as to be recessed from the end face 2at of the upstream side Da1 of the tube body 21 toward the downstream side Da2. More specifically, the through hole 23 includes a first side (first end) 23a and a second side (second end) 23b extending in the axial direction Da from the end face 2at of the upstream Da1, A bottom portion 23c extending in the circumferential direction (hereinafter simply referred to as the circumferential direction Dc2) around the axis A2 of the tube body 21 so as to connect the ends of the downstream side Da2 of the one side portion 23a and the second side portion 23b. It is equipped with.

  A plurality of through holes 23 are formed at intervals in the circumferential direction Dc <b> 2 of the tube main body 21. Four through holes 23 in this embodiment are formed at equal intervals in the circumferential direction Dc2 of the tube main body 21. The length Lc1 in the circumferential direction Dc2 of these through holes 23 is exemplified as being longer than the distance Lc2 between the through holes 23 adjacent in the circumferential direction Dc2. In this embodiment, the first side 23 a is disposed on the first side of the tube body 21 in the circumferential direction Dc 2, and the second side 23 b is disposed on the second side of the tube body 21 in the circumferential direction Dc 2. In the through hole 23 in this embodiment, the bottom side 23c is formed longer than the first side 23a and the second side 23b. Therefore, the through-hole 23 has a long rectangle in the circumferential direction Dc2 when viewed from the radial direction of the tube body 21.

  The guide portion 22 guides the air A introduced into the internal space S <b> 1 of the tube main body 21 through the through hole 23 in the turning direction around the axis A <b> 2 of the tube main body 21. The guide part 22 in this embodiment includes an inner guide part 22I. The inner guide portion 22I extends from the first side portion (first end portion) 23a that is an end portion of the through hole 23 in the circumferential direction Dc2 around the axis A2 of the tube body 21 to the circumferential direction Dc2 and the axial direction Da (or , The direction in which the axis A2 extends). The inner guide portion 22I is disposed within a range where the through hole 23 is formed in the circumferential direction Dc2.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the inner guide portion 22 </ b> I extends so as to be inclined with respect to a virtual straight line VL extending in the radial direction about the axis A <b> 2 of the tube main body 21. The inner guide portion 22I is inclined so as to approach the center of the tube body 21 (in other words, the axis A2) as it goes from the first side portion 23a to the second side portion 23b. The inner guide portion 22I in FIG. 4 extends linearly from the first side portion 23a, but may be formed to be slightly curved.

  The angle θ1 formed between the tangent TL1 at the radially inner edge of the first side portion 23a and the inner guide portion 22I may be between 90 degrees and 45 degrees. The angle θ1 may be about 60 degrees. By setting the angle θ1 to about 60 degrees, when the position of the fuel through hole 12h in the axial direction Da is a constant position, the position where the air A and the fuel gas G are sufficiently mixed in the axial direction Da is It becomes possible to be closer to the introduction port 2A.

  The length L1 of the inner guide portion 22I is shorter than the length Lc1 of the through hole 23 in the circumferential direction Dc2. The length L1 of the inner guide portion 22I may be about half the length Lc1 of the through hole 23. The inner guide portion 22I may be formed by, for example, cutting the tube body 21 of the introduction port 2A by cutting or the like and bending a part of the tube body 21. By doing in this way, the inner side guide part 22I can be formed easily.

In the first embodiment described above, a part of the air A introduced into the internal space S1 of the premixing tube 2 is internal to the premixing tube 2 through the through hole 23 formed in the end 2a of the upstream Da1. Introduced into S1. At this time, the air A is guided from the first side portion 23a that is the end portion of the through hole 23 in the circumferential direction Dc2 by the inner guide portion 22I that extends in a direction intersecting both the circumferential direction Dc2 and the axial direction Da. The flow of air A guided by the inner guide portion 22I includes a flow toward the circumferential direction Dc2. Therefore, the flow of the air A introduced into the internal space S1 of the premixing tube 2 includes a swirl flow centered on the axis A2 of the premixing tube 2. Therefore, mixing of the air A and the fuel F is promoted by this swirl flow.
As a result, the air A and the fuel F can be sufficiently mixed while suppressing an increase in the length of the premixing tube 2.

  The inner guide portion 22I in the first embodiment described above is from the first side portion 23a of the through hole 23 in the circumferential direction Dc2 to the inner side of the introduction port 2A and closer to the second side portion 23b of the through hole 23. It extends towards. Therefore, by guiding the air A by the inner guide portion 22I configured in this manner, the air A introduced into the internal space S1 through the through hole 23 is converted into the first side portion of the through hole 23 in the circumferential direction Dc2. It can be turned in the direction from 23a toward the second side 23b.

  A plurality of the inner guide portions 22I and the through holes 23 of the first embodiment described above are provided at intervals in the circumferential direction Dc2 of the introduction port 2A. Therefore, the air A can be simultaneously introduced into the internal space S1 from the plurality of through holes 23. Since the air A introduced into the internal space S1 from the plurality of through holes 23 is guided by the inner guide portion 22I extending from the plurality of through holes 23, the swirling flow of the air A introduced into the internal space S1 is further enhanced. be able to.

  The upstream plate 3 of the first embodiment described above forms a plenum PF between the outer wall 2 d of the premixing tube 2 and the downstream plate 4. The upstream plate 3 is disposed closer to the introduction port 2 </ b> A than the downstream plate 4, and has a second through hole 3 b that allows the premixing tube 2 to pass therethrough. The fuel supply pipe 8 supplies the fuel F to the plenum PF. The fuel through hole forming part 12 forms a part of the outer wall 2d of the premixing tube, and forms a fuel through hole 12h that penetrates the outer wall 2d of the premixing tube 2. Therefore, the fuel F is supplied from the fuel supply pipe 8 to the plenum PF, and the fuel F is supplied from the plenum PF to the internal space S1.

  Thus, when the fuel F is supplied from the plenum PF through the fuel through hole 12h, the inner guide portion 22I disposed on the upstream side Da1 with respect to the fuel through hole 12h turns into the internal space S1 of the premixing tube 2. A flow can be formed. Therefore, the fuel F and air A supplied from the plenum PF in the internal space S1 of the premixing tube 2 can be sufficiently mixed and discharged from the discharge port 2B.

Since the gas turbine 100 of the first embodiment includes the fuel injection device 1 having the above-described configuration, the air A and the fuel F can be sufficiently mixed, so that nitrogen oxides can be reduced. Furthermore, the air A and the fuel F can be sufficiently mixed even if the total length of the premixing tube 2 is not long. Therefore, combustion vibration can be suppressed by reducing the total length of the premixing tube 2 while reducing nitrogen oxides.
Furthermore, since the guide part 22 (inner guide part 22I) is not disposed outside the premixing tube 2, it is possible to suppress an increase in the interval between adjacent premixing tubes 2 due to interference between the guide parts 22.

(Second embodiment)
Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The fuel injection device of the second embodiment differs from the fuel injection device 1 of the first embodiment described above only in the configuration of the guide portion. Therefore, while using FIG. 2, the same portions as those in the first embodiment described above are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted.

  As in the first embodiment, the fuel injection device in the second embodiment includes a fuel supply pipe 8, a plurality of premixing tubes 202, an upstream plate 3, a downstream plate 4, an outer wall 5, It has.

FIG. 5 is a view corresponding to FIG. 4 in the second embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in FIG. 5, the premixing tube 202 is formed in a cylindrical shape extending in the axial direction Da (see FIG. 2). The premixing tube 202 includes a tube main body 21 and a guide portion 22. Similarly to the tube body 21 of the first embodiment, the tube body 21 penetrates the internal space S1 and the external space S2 through the end 2a on the upstream side Da1 (see FIG. 2) that is close to the introduction port 2A. A hole 23 is provided. The through hole 23 in the second embodiment is formed so as to be recessed from the end face 2at of the upstream side Da1 of the tube body 21 toward the downstream side Da2 (see FIG. 2). As in the first embodiment, the through-hole 23 includes a first side 23a and a second side 23b extending in the axial direction Da from the end face 2at of the upstream side Da1, and the first side 23a and the second side 23b. And a bottom side 23c extending in the circumferential direction Dc2 connecting the ends of the downstream side Da2.

  A plurality of through holes 23 are formed at intervals in the circumferential direction Dc <b> 2 of the tube main body 21. Four through-holes 23 exemplified in the second embodiment are also formed at equal intervals in the circumferential direction Dc2 of the tube main body 21 like the through-holes 23 in the first embodiment. In the second embodiment, the length Lc1 of the through hole 23 in the circumferential direction Dc2 and the distance Lc2 between the through holes 23 adjacent in the circumferential direction Dc2 have the same relationship as in the first embodiment. The case is shown as an example.

  The guide part 22 guides the air A introduced into the internal space S1 of the tube body 21 through the through hole 23 in the turning direction around the axis A2 of the tube body 21 as in the first embodiment described above. To do. The guide part 22 in the second embodiment includes an outer guide part 220. The outer guide portion 220 extends from the second side portion 23b so as to intersect both the circumferential direction Dc2 and the axial direction Da. In other words, the outer guide part 220 is extended so as to be inclined with respect to the virtual straight line VL extending in the radial direction DrA with the axis A2 of the tube main body 21 as the center.

  The outer guide portion 220 extends from the second side portion 23b toward the outer side DrA1 in the radial direction DrA and closer to the first side portion 23a in the circumferential direction Dc2 of the tube body 21. Thereby, the end 22Ot on the side close to the first side 23a of the outer guide part 22O is arranged outside the first side 23a and the second side 23b in the radial direction Dr2 of the tube main body 21. . In the second embodiment, the end portion 22Ot on the side close to the first side portion 23a of the outer side guide portion 22O is disposed on the radially outer side DrA1 with respect to the tangent line TL2 passing through the edge of the second side portion 23b on the radially outer side DrA1. Has been. Note that the outer guide portion 220 may extend from the second side portion 23b in the tangential line TL2 direction.

  The outer guide portion 22O is illustrated as extending linearly from the second side portion 23b when viewed from the axial direction Da. However, the outer guide portion 22O is slightly curved when viewed from the axial direction Da. It may be formed. Similarly to the inner guide portion 22I of the first embodiment, the outer guide portion 22O in the second embodiment is cut into the tube body 21 of the introduction port 2A by cutting or the like, and a part of the tube body 21 is bent. It may be formed by doing so. By doing in this way, the outer side guide part 220 can be formed easily.

  The length L2 of the outer guide portion 22O is shorter than the length Lc1 of the through hole 23 in the circumferential direction Dr2. The length L2 of the outer guide portion 22O may be about half the length Lc1 of the through hole 23.

FIG. 6 is a view showing an arrangement example of the premixing tubes in the second embodiment of the present invention.
The plurality of premixing tubes 202 of the second embodiment can be arranged as shown in FIG. Of the four outer guide portions 22O of the premix tube 202, two predetermined outer guide portions 22O disposed opposite to each other across the axis A2 of the premix tube 202 are in a first direction D1 orthogonal to the axis A2. It is arranged to extend. Further, the remaining two of the outer guide portions 22O shown in FIG. 6 extend in a direction orthogonal to the axis A2 and the first direction D1. By arrange | positioning like this FIG. 6, it can suppress that the outer side guidance part 22O of the adjacent premixing tube 202 interferes, reducing the space | interval of the some premixing tube 202. FIG.

  The outer side guide part 220 of the second embodiment described above is directed from the second side part 23b of the through hole 23 in the circumferential direction Dc2 toward the side closer to the first side part 23a of the through hole 23 at the radially outer side DrA1. It extends. Therefore, by guiding the air A by the outer guide portion 220, the air A introduced into the internal space S1 through the through hole 23 is guided to the first of the through hole 23 in the circumferential direction Dc2 as in the first embodiment. It can be turned in the direction from the side 23a toward the second side 23b.

  A plurality of the outer guide portions 220 and the through holes 23 of the second embodiment described above are provided at intervals in the circumferential direction Dc2. Therefore, the air A can be simultaneously introduced into the internal space S1 from the plurality of through holes 23. Since the air A introduced into the internal space S1 from the plurality of through holes 23 is guided by the outer guide portion 220 extending from the plurality of through holes 23, the swirling flow of the air A introduced into the internal space S1 is further enhanced. be able to.

  The guide part 22 (outer guide part 220) is not arranged in the internal space S1 of the premixing tube 202 of the second embodiment. Therefore, for example, it is possible to suppress an increase in pressure loss of the air A flowing into the internal space S1 of the premixing tube 202.

(Third embodiment)
Next, a third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The fuel injection device of the third embodiment is different from the first and second embodiments only in the configuration of the guide portion. Therefore, FIG. 2 is used, the same parts as those in the second embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and duplicate descriptions are omitted.
FIG. 7 is a view corresponding to FIG. 4 in the third embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in FIG. 7, the premixing tube 302 of the fuel injection device according to the third embodiment includes a tube main body 21 and a guide portion 22.
The tube main body 21 includes a through hole 23 that communicates the internal space S1 and the external space S2 at the end 2a (see FIG. 2) of the upstream Da1.

  The guide portion 22 guides the air A introduced into the internal space S <b> 1 of the tube main body 21 through the through hole 23 in the turning direction around the axis A <b> 2 of the tube main body 21. The guide part 22 in the third embodiment includes an inner guide part 22I and an outer guide part 220.

  The inner guide portion 22I has the same configuration as the inner guide portion 22I of the first embodiment described above, and intersects both the circumferential direction Dc2 and the axial direction Da from the first side portion 23a that is the end portion of the through hole 23. It extends in the direction to do. In other words, the inner guide portion 22I extends so as to be inclined with respect to the virtual straight line VL extending in the radial direction about the axis A2 of the tube main body 21. As in the first embodiment, the inner guide portion 22I extends linearly from the first side portion 23a, but may be formed to be slightly curved.

  The outer guide portion 22O has the same configuration as the outer guide portion 22O of the second embodiment described above, and intersects both the circumferential direction Dc2 and the axial direction Da from the second side portion 23b that is an end portion of the through hole 23. It extends in the direction to do. That is, the outer guide part 220 is extended so as to be inclined with respect to a virtual straight line extending in the radial direction around the axis A <b> 2 of the tube main body 21. The inclination angle θ2 of the outer guide portion 22O with respect to the tangent line TL2 passing through the outer edge of the second side portion 23b is larger than the inclination angle θ1 of the inner guide portion 22I with respect to the tangent line TL passing through the inner edge of the first side portion 23a. It is getting smaller.

  As in the first and second embodiments, the inner guide portion 22I and the outer guide portion 220 are cut into the tube body 21 of the inlet 2A by, for example, cutting and bending a part of the tube body 21. It may be formed by doing so. At this time, in the third embodiment, a cut is formed in the axial direction Da near the center of the through hole 23 in the circumferential direction Dc2, and a portion closer to the first side portion 23a than the cut is defined as the inner guide portion 22I. What is necessary is just to let the part close | similar to the two sides 23b be the outer side guide part 220. By doing in this way, the inner side guide part 22I and the outer side guide part 220 can be formed easily.

  In the third embodiment described above, the guide unit 22 includes an inner guide unit 22I and an outer guide unit 220. Therefore, the air A passing through the through hole 23 can be guided by both the inner guide portion 22I and the outer guide portion 220. Therefore, it is possible to generate the swirl flow more stably as compared with the case where the air A is guided by only one of the inner guide portion 22I and the outer guide portion 220.

  In the third embodiment described above, the inclination angle θ1 of the inner guide portion 22I with respect to the tangent line TL is larger than the inclination angle θ2 of the outer guide portion 22O with respect to the tangent line TL2. With this configuration, the air A guided into the through hole 23 by the outer guide portion 220 is collided with the inner guide portion 22I and guided by the inner guide portion 22I in the inner space S1 of the tube body 21. The As a result, the direction of the flow of the air A passing through the through hole 23 can be made to gradually move toward the radially inner side DrA2 by the outer guide portion 220 and the inner guide portion 22I. As a result, a swirl flow can be generated in the internal space S1 of the premixing tube 2 more smoothly.

(Other variations)
FIG. 8 is a diagram corresponding to FIG. 2 in another modification of the embodiment of the present invention.
In each embodiment described above, the case where the fuel introduction unit supplies the fuel F from the fuel supply pipe 8 to the plenum PF and then supplies the fuel F from the plenum PF to the internal space S1 has been described as an example. However, the configuration of the fuel introduction unit is not limited to the configuration of each embodiment described above.

  For example, when the fuel introduction part FI includes the fuel nozzle 30 for injecting the fuel F from the tip part 31 as in the fuel injection apparatus 101 of another modification shown in FIG. The guide unit 22 (not shown in FIG. 8) of the third embodiment can be applied. A plurality of fuel nozzles 30 are provided, and each extends in the axial direction Da as in the premixing tube 2. The fuel nozzle 30 has an outer diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the premixing tube 2, and each fuel nozzle 30 is inserted into the premixing tube 2. An internal space S <b> 1 through which air A flows is formed between the fuel nozzle 30 and the inner peripheral surface 2 i of the premix tube 2. In the modification shown in FIG. 8, the tip 31 of the fuel nozzle 30 is disposed at a position closer to the introduction port 2A than the center of the premixing tube 2 in the axial direction Da.

  By configuring like the fuel injection device 101 of this modified example, the air flowing into the internal space S1 from the through hole 23 formed in the upstream end 2a as in the first to third embodiments described above. A swirling flow can be generated by guiding A by the guide unit 22. The flow including the swirling flow flows toward the discharge port 2B through an internal space S1 formed between the inner peripheral surface 2i and the outer peripheral surface 30f of the fuel nozzle 30. And the fuel F injected from the front-end | tip part 31 of the fuel nozzle 30 is mixed with the air A containing a swirl | vortex flow. Thereafter, the mixing of the air A and the fuel F proceeds as it approaches the discharge port 2B by the swirling flow, and the sufficiently mixed gas mixture MG is discharged from the discharge port 2B.

The present invention is not limited to the configuration of each of the embodiments described above, and the design can be changed without departing from the gist thereof.
For example, in each embodiment mentioned above, the case where the fuel-injection apparatuses 1 and 101 were used for the gas turbine 100 was demonstrated. However, it is not limited to the gas turbine 100. For example, the fuel injection devices 1 and 101 may be applied to boilers and burners other than the gas turbine 100.

  Each embodiment mentioned above demonstrated the case where the guide part 22 was equipped with the linear inner side guide part 22I and outer side guide part 22O seeing from the axial direction Da. However, the guide part 22 should just extend so that it may cross | intersect both the circumferential direction Dc2 and the axial direction Da, and is not restricted to the shape of each embodiment mentioned above. The inner guide part 22I and the outer guide part 220 may have other shapes such as a combination of a straight line and a curved line.

  In each embodiment mentioned above, the case where the through-hole 23 was formed in the rectangular shape long in the circumferential direction Dc2 seeing from radial direction outer side DrA2 was demonstrated. However, the shape of the through hole 23 is not limited to the above shape, and may be any shape as long as the air A can be introduced from the radially outer side DrA2.

1,101 Fuel injector 2,202,302 Premix tube 2a end (upstream end)
2A Inlet 2at End surface 2b End 2B Discharge port 2bt End surface 2d Outer wall 2f Outer surface 2i Inner surface 3 Upstream plate 3a First through hole 3b Second through hole (upstream through hole)
3c surface 4 downstream plate 4a surface 4b surface 5 outer wall 5a inner peripheral surface 8 fuel supply pipe 8a end 12 fuel through hole forming portion 12h fuel through hole 21 tube main body 22 guide portion 22I inner guide portion 22O outer guide portion 22Ot end Part 23 Through-hole 23a First side (first end)
23b Second side (second end)
23c Bottom 30 Fuel nozzle 30f Outer peripheral surface 31 Tip 51 Compressor 52 Combustor 53 Turbine 56 Compressor rotor 57 Compressor casing 58 Compressor vane row 59 Compressor rotor shaft 60 Compressor blade row 61 Turbine rotor 62 Turbine vehicle Chamber 63 Turbine stationary blade row 64 Turbine rotor shaft 65 Turbine rotor blade row 67 Intermediate casing 68 Gas turbine rotor 69 Combustion cylinder 100 Gas turbine

Claims (7)

A premixing tube that introduces air into the internal space from the inlet and discharges the air-fuel mixture obtained by mixing the air and fuel from the outlet;
A fuel introduction part for introducing fuel into the internal space;
An end on the discharge port side of the premixing tube passes therethrough, and a downstream plate that supports an end on the downstream side of the premixing tube;
With
The premix tube is
A tube body in which a through-hole communicating the internal space and the external space is formed at the upstream end on the side close to the introduction port;
A fuel injection device comprising: a guide portion that extends from an end portion of the through hole in a circumferential direction around the axis of the premixing tube so as to intersect both the circumferential direction and an axial direction in which the axis extends.   The said guide part is provided with the inner side guide part extended toward the side which approaches the 2nd end part of the said through-hole from the 1st end part of the said through-hole in the said circumferential direction inside the said inlet. Item 4. The fuel injection device according to Item 1.   The said guide part is provided with the outer side guide part extended toward the side near the 1st end part of the said through-hole from the 2nd end part of the said through-hole in the said circumferential direction on the outer side of the said inlet. Item 3. The fuel injection device according to Item 1 or 2.   4. The fuel injection device according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of the guide portions and the through holes are provided at intervals in a circumferential direction of the introduction port. 5.   The fuel injection device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the fuel introduction unit includes a nozzle that is inserted into the internal space from the introduction port and injects fuel from a tip portion. The fuel introduction part is
The downstream plate;
An upstream through-hole that is disposed closer to the inlet than the downstream plate and penetrates the premixing tube, and forms a plenum between the outer wall of the premixing tube and the downstream plate Upstream plate to
A fuel supply pipe for supplying fuel to the plenum;
The fuel through-hole formation part which forms a part of outer wall of the said premixing tube, and forms the fuel through-hole which penetrates the said outer wall of the said premixing tube is provided. Fuel injectors.   A gas turbine comprising the fuel injection device according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

Images