JP2019207008A - Lock-type bidirectional clutch - Google Patents

Abstract

To constitute a lock-type bidirectional clutch by combining a planetary gear mechanism therewith without using a gearing roller, to prevent the generation of noise or the like accompanied by an operation, and to surely hold a lock state when stopping an output shaft.SOLUTION: Two planetary gears P1, P2 which are rotatably pivoted mutually by a common carrier shaft 40 are geared with an input gear IG, either of the two planetary gears P1 is geared with a fixed gear FG, a transmission outer-tooth gear DO is fastened to the other P2, and the transmission outer-tooth gear DO is geared with an output gear OG.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a clutch device that changes a power transmission state between an input rotating member and an output rotating member, and in particular, transmits forward / reverse rotating power from an input rotating member (drive side) and an output rotating member ( The power transmission from the driven side) relates to a lock-type bidirectional clutch that shuts off the output rotating member as being unrotatable.

  In a power transmission system that drives work equipment or the like from a drive source such as a motor, for example, a lifting device that moves an article up and down by a motor, when the article is in a predetermined position, the article is automatically An operation that maintains the position may be required. For this reason, a lock-type bidirectional clutch having an input shaft (input rotation member) and an output shaft (output rotation member) is used to connect the input shaft to a motor that can rotate forward and backward, and by rotating the output shaft. Devices for raising and lowering articles are known. In the bidirectional clutch of this device, when the input shaft is rotated forward / reversely by the motor, the output shaft is linked forward / reversely to move the article up / down while the output shaft is rotated forward / reversely. The shaft is locked to prevent the article from falling.

An outline of an elevating device using a lock type bidirectional clutch and an example of the structure of the bidirectional clutch will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 9 shows an AA cross-sectional structure of a lifting device that moves an article up and down by a belt and a pulley and a bidirectional clutch provided in the driving device. FIG. 10A shows an output shaft as an input shaft. An AA cross section in a state where the article is moved up and down in conjunction with each other, (b) shows an AA cross section in a state in which the output shaft is locked to prevent the article from falling.
The lifting device of FIG. 9 is a device in which a belt B is stretched between pulleys P1 and P2 arranged above and below, and an article W to be transferred to the belt B is fixed, and the upper pulley P1 is rotationally driven. A motor M that can rotate forward and backward is coupled via a bidirectional clutch DC. The bidirectional clutch DC includes an input shaft IS that is continuous with the motor M, an output shaft OS that is continuous with the pulley P1, and a fixed housing HG.

  As shown in the AA sectional view, in the housing HG of the bidirectional clutch DC, the input shaft IS is divided into a plurality of fan-shaped portions, and the output shaft OS is fitted inside the fan-shaped portion. The output shaft OS is provided with a protrusion that enters between adjacent fan-shaped portions of the input shaft IS, and a roller R is provided between the V-shaped recess formed at the tip of the protrusion and the housing HG. Intervened.

As shown in FIG. 10A, when the input shaft IS is rotated by the motor M, the side surface of the fan-shaped portion of the input shaft IS and the side surface of the protruding portion of the output shaft OS come into contact, and the output shaft OS Rotates at the same speed in the same direction as pushed by the shaft IS. The same applies to the case where the input shaft IS rotates in the reverse direction. When the motor M is rotated forward and backward in the lifting device of FIG.
On the other hand, when the output shaft OS rotates, as shown in (b), the roller R is pushed up by the inclined surface of the V-shaped recess and moves outward, and the protrusion of the housing HG and the output shaft OS. It is sandwiched between the parts. As a result, the output shaft OS is locked and stopped at that position, and rotation is not transmitted to the input shaft IS. That is, in the lifting device of FIG. 9, even if the driving by the motor M is stopped, the article W can be automatically prevented from falling due to its own weight. Such a lock-type bidirectional clutch is disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 4850653, which is based on the idea of the present applicant.

  The lock-type bidirectional clutch can be applied to, for example, an elevating device that transfers a paper table on which a paper is placed, or an elevating device that raises and lowers a window blind of a building in a finisher of a copying machine. When this is used, automatic power transmission can be controlled by a simple device. For example, when using an electromagnetic clutch, the use of electric power or the like is unnecessary, and from the output shaft side. It is also possible to protect the motor of the drive source when there is an unexpected reverse input.

Japanese Patent No. 4850653

  As described above, the lock-type two-way clutch of FIG. 9 is a mechanical part that is compact and can reliably control power transmission, but there is still room for improvement depending on the application. The present invention solves the following problems of a bidirectional clutch.

In the bidirectional clutch having the structure shown in FIG. 9, in order to achieve its function, it is necessary to provide a gap between the fan-shaped portion of the input shaft IS and the protruding portion of the output shaft OS, and an impact sound is generated during operation. To do. When the bidirectional clutch is applied to the lifting device of FIG. 9, there is no problem when the motor M is rotated forward to raise the article W, but when the motor M is reversed and the article W is lowered, Due to the gravity, the speed of the output shaft OS repeatedly fluctuates slightly, and vibrations and abnormal noises may occur. This is due to the following reason.
When the motor M is rotated in reverse to lower the article W, the output shaft OS may rotate (overrun) faster than the input shaft IS due to gravity acting on the article W. When overrun occurs, 10B, the roller R and the housing HG are engaged with each other, and the output shaft OS is locked. This locked state is released when the roller R is pushed by the rotation of the input shaft IS, but the repetition of the biting and the release gives a fine fluctuation to the speed of the output shaft OS. In order to release the locked state, it is necessary to apply a torque (moment) that overcomes the frictional force acting on the roller. This is also the case when the article W in the stopped state is raised. In addition to the load torque that raises the article W, a torque for releasing the biting is also required.

  Further, in the lock type bidirectional clutch of FIG. 9, the rotational speed of the output shaft OS is always equal to the rotational speed of the input shaft IS, and the rotational direction of the output shaft OS is also equal to the rotational direction of the input shaft IS. The two-way clutch itself cannot change the rotational direction or the rotational speed, so that the torque cannot be increased or decreased between the input and output shafts, and the load torque acting on the output shaft OS is large. Therefore, it is necessary to prepare a large motor that generates a torque corresponding to that as a drive source.

In view of the above problems, the present invention forms a lock-type bidirectional clutch by combining a planetary gear mechanism without using a biting roller, and prevents the generation of noise or the like due to operation, and the output shaft. When stopping, the locked state is surely held. That is, the present invention
“A non-rotatable fixing member and an input rotating member and an output rotating member that are rotatable around a common rotating shaft, and forward and reverse rotations from the input rotating member are transmitted to the output rotating member. The transmission of rotation from the output rotating member to the input rotating member is a lock-type bidirectional clutch that blocks the output rotating member by making it non-rotatable,
A planetary gear mechanism is installed between the input rotating member and the output rotating member,
The planetary gear mechanism includes a carrier that is rotatable about the common rotation axis, a first planetary gear that is rotatably supported on the carrier axis of the carrier, and has the same number of teeth, and a second planetary gear. A planetary gear, and a transmission external gear is fixed to the second planetary gear coaxially therewith,
The first planetary gear meshes with an input gear provided on the input rotating member and a fixed gear provided on the fixed member to constitute a planetary gear train, and the second planetary gear is connected with the input gear. The transmission external gear meshes with the output gear provided on the output rotating member.
This is a lock type two-way clutch.

The first planetary gear and the second planetary gear are preferably spaced apart in the axial direction.
The input gear is a ring gear that is fixed to the input rotation member and meshes with the first planetary gear from the outside, and the output gear is a sun gear that meshes with the transmission external gear from the inside. Good.
The fixing member may be a housing in which an internal space for accommodating the planetary gear mechanism is formed.
The input rotating member and the output rotating member may be gears pivotally supported by the fixed member.
The planetary gear mechanism is provided with an idle external gear that is rotatable around the common rotational axis independently of the input rotary member and the output rotary member, and the idle external gear is The planetary gear or the transmission external gear is preferably engaged from the inside.

  In the lock-type bidirectional clutch of the present invention, a planetary gear mechanism is installed between the input rotating member and the output rotating member. The planetary gear mechanism includes a carrier that is rotatable about a common rotation axis, a first planetary gear that is rotatably supported on the carrier axis of the carrier, and a second planetary gear. The number of teeth of the gear and the number of teeth of the second planetary gear are set to be the same. A transmission external gear is fixed to the second planetary gear coaxially therewith. The first planetary gear meshes with the input gear provided on the input rotation member and the fixed gear provided on the fixed member to form a planetary gear train, and the second planetary gear meshes with the input gear and transmits. The external gear meshes with the output gear provided on the output rotating member.

  When the input rotating member rotates, the input gear integrated therewith rotates, and the first planetary gear meshing with the input gear and the fixed gear revolves while rotating. At this time, since the input gear is also meshed with the second planetary gear, the second planetary gear revolves while rotating in the same manner as the first planetary gear. Further, since the transmission external gear is fixed to the second planetary gear, the transmission external gear revolves while rotating in the same manner as the first planetary gear and the second planetary gear. As the transmission external gear operates in this way, the output gear meshing with it rotates. Thus, the rotation of the input rotating member is transmitted to the output rotating member.

  On the other hand, when the rotation is transmitted from the output rotation member to the input rotation member, the power is transmitted from the output gear to the input rotation member via the transmission external gear. However, as will be described in detail later, at this time, the first planetary gear rotatably supported by the common carrier shaft and the second planetary gear are pulled and locked in an attempt to revolve in opposite directions. As a result, the output rotating member cannot rotate.

  As described above, in the lock type bidirectional clutch of the present invention, the planetary gear mechanism is used to transmit the rotational power from the input rotating member to the output rotating member and to block the transmission in the opposite direction. Since the rotation transmission from the output rotating member is blocked without using the frictional force by setting the planetary gear mechanism to the locked state, the holding of the stop of the output rotating member is not limited by the frictional force. Further, since the planetary gear mechanism is locked immediately when it is driven from the output rotating member side, unlike the bidirectional clutch shown in FIG. 9, no impact noise is generated during operation. Further, there is no occurrence of fluctuations in the speed of the output rotating member due to repeated engagement and release of the roller, and there is no need to apply an extra torque for releasing the engagement of the roller.

It is a figure which shows 1st Example of the lock type bidirectional | two-way clutch of this invention. FIG. 2 is an exploded view of a single housing of the bidirectional clutch of FIG. 1. FIG. 2 is an exploded view of an input / output relationship of the bidirectional clutch of FIG. 1. FIG. 2 is an exploded view of a single part of a component pivotally supported by a carrier in the bidirectional clutch of FIG. 1. FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an operation when an input rotation member is rotated counterclockwise in the bidirectional clutch of FIG. 1. FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an operation when an output rotation member is rotated clockwise in the bidirectional clutch of FIG. 1. It is a figure which shows 2nd Example of the lock type bidirectional | two-way clutch of this invention. It is a figure which shows 3rd Example of the lock type bidirectional | two-way clutch of this invention. It is a figure which shows an example of the conventional lock type bidirectional clutch. It is a figure explaining the action | operation of the lock type bidirectional | two-way clutch of FIG.

  Hereinafter, the lock type bidirectional clutch of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. First, the overall structure of the first embodiment of the bidirectional clutch according to the present invention is shown in FIG. 1, and its single part diagram is shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 show the operation of the bidirectional clutch of the embodiment of FIG.

  As shown in the longitudinal sectional view of the center of FIG. 1, the bidirectional clutch of the first embodiment has an input rotary member 4 and an output rotary member 6 on both sides of a fixed housing 2 (fixed member) placed in the center. Although not shown, the input rotating member 4 is connected to a driving side such as a motor, and the output rotating member 6 is connected to a driven side such as a lifting device. A lid 8 that is a part of the housing 2 is press-fitted and shielded at the opening end of the housing 2, and the lid 8 also serves as a bearing for the input rotation member 4 that passes through the lid 8.

  A planetary gear mechanism M is installed between the input rotating member 4 and the output rotating member 6. The planetary gear mechanism M includes a carrier C that can rotate around a common rotation axis o, and a first planetary gear P1 and a second planetary gear P2 that are rotatably supported by the carrier C. . A transmission external gear DO is fixed to the second planetary gear P2 coaxially therewith. The first planetary gear P1 meshes with an input gear IG integral with the input rotation member 4 and a fixed gear FG provided in the housing 2 to constitute a planetary gear train, and the second planetary gear P2 is an input gear IG. The meshing and transmission external gear DO is meshed with an output gear OG provided on the output rotating member 6. In this embodiment, the planetary gear mechanism M is housed in an internal space formed inside the housing 2, the output gear OG and the fixed gear FG are sun gears, and the input gear IG is a ring gear. In FIG. 1 and the like, for the sake of clarity, the housing 2 has a relatively dark gray, the lid 8 has a relatively light gray, and the carrier C is hatched from the upper right to the lower left of the page. The carrier assistance integrated with the carrier C (which will be described later) is indicated by hatching from the upper left to the lower right of the drawing.

Next, with reference to FIG. 2 to FIG. 4 together with FIG. 1, each component constituting the lock type bidirectional clutch of the first embodiment will be described.
Referring to FIG. 2 together with FIG. 1, the housing 2 is a cup-shaped part including a substantially square end plate portion 10 and a peripheral wall portion 12 extending from the outer peripheral edge of the end plate portion 10 to one side in the axial direction. . A circular through-opening that supports the input rotating member 4 is formed in the center of the end plate portion 10, and a cylindrical wall 14 that extends in the axial direction toward the inside of the peripheral wall portion 12 is also formed surrounding the opening. A fixed gear FG that is a sun gear is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical wall 14.

  Referring to FIG. 3 together with FIG. 1, the input rotating member 4 is a cup-shaped component including a substantially circular end plate portion 16 and a peripheral wall portion 18 extending from the outer peripheral edge of the end plate portion 16 to one axial side. It is. A connection hole 20 to which a drive source such as a motor is connected is formed at the center of the end plate portion 16, and an outer cylindrical wall 22 that surrounds the connection hole 20 and extends toward the other side in the axial direction is also formed. Further, an inner cylindrical wall 24 is formed at the center of the end plate portion 16 so as to protrude toward the inner side of the peripheral wall portion 18, that is, toward one side in the axial direction. A circular support hole 26 into which the axial end of the output rotation member 6 is fitted is formed inside the inner cylindrical wall 24. In this embodiment, an input gear IG, which is a ring gear, is fixed to the input rotating member 4, and the input gear IG meshes with the first planetary gear P1 from the outside. The input rotation member 4 and the input gear IG are fixed by the joint movement of the engagement groove 30 and the engagement protrusion 32 formed in each. The engaging groove 30 is formed by locally increasing the inner diameter of the peripheral wall portion 18, and extends linearly in the axial direction from the open end of the peripheral wall portion 18 toward the end plate portion 16. The engagement protrusion 32 is formed by locally increasing the outer diameter of the input gear IG, and extends in the axial direction. Three engagement grooves 30 and three engagement protrusions 32 are formed at equal angular intervals in the circumferential direction.

  If it continues and demonstrates with reference to FIG. 3 with FIG. 1, the output rotation member 6 will be a shaft-shaped member entirely. A connection portion 34 to which a driven member such as an elevating device is connected is formed at the left end portion in the central longitudinal sectional view of FIG. The cross section of the connecting portion 34 has a circular cutout shape. A support portion 36 having a circular cross section that fits into the support hole 26 of the input rotation member 4 is formed at the right end of the central longitudinal cross-sectional view. OG is formed. The output gear OG meshes with the transmission external gear DO from the inside.

  Referring to FIG. 4 together with FIG. 1, the carrier C includes an annular flange portion 38 and a carrier shaft 40 extending in the axial direction from the flange portion 38, and a carrier auxiliary 42 which is a separate member. Combined to work together with this. Three carrier shafts 40 are arranged at equiangular intervals in the circumferential direction, and each carrier shaft 40 is provided with a first portion 40a, a second portion 40b, and a third portion 40c. Yes. The first part 40a, the second part 40b, and the third part 40c are each arranged in this order from the base end toward the tip and set so that the outer diameter becomes smaller in order. The carrier auxiliary 42 is an annular plate-like member, and is formed with a receiving hole 44 for bearing the tip of each carrier shaft 40, that is, the third portion 40c.

  In the carrier shaft 40, the transmission external gear DO is at the proximal end of the first part 40a, the second planetary gear P2 is at the distal end of the first part 40a, and the first planetary gear is at the second part 40b. The gear assist P42 is disposed in the third portion 40c of the gear P1, respectively. As clearly shown in the central longitudinal sectional view of FIG. 1 and the like, the first planetary gear P1 and the second planetary gear P2 are separated in the axial direction.

Next, the operation of the bidirectional clutch of the embodiment of FIG. 1 will be described with reference to FIGS.
As indicated by the arrows in the central longitudinal sectional view of FIG. 5, when the input rotating member 2 is rotated counterclockwise (as viewed from the right in the axial direction) around the rotation axis o by, for example, a motor of a driving source, First, as indicated by an arrow in the sectional view CC, an input gear IG (ring gear) integrated with the input rotation member 2 rotates counterclockwise. Then, due to the presence of the fixed gear FG (sun gear), the first planetary gear P1 revolves around the planet, that is, rotates in a counterclockwise direction as shown by an arrow in FIG. Rotate in the direction. At this time, the second planetary gear P2 also meshes with the input gear IG (ring gear), and the number of teeth of the first planetary gear P1 and the number of teeth of the second planetary gear P2 are set to be the same. The second planetary gear P2 operates in the same manner as the first planetary gear P1, that is, performs a planetary motion in the counterclockwise direction as indicated by an arrow in the sectional view BB. As a result, as indicated by an arrow in the sectional view AA, the transmission external gear DO integrated with the second planetary gear P2 also performs a planetary motion in the counterclockwise direction, and the output gear OG that meshes with the external gear gear DO rotates clockwise. It rotates and the output rotation member 6 rotates. Accordingly, the rotation from the input rotation member 2 is transmitted to the output rotation member 6.

  On the other hand, as shown in the central longitudinal sectional view of FIG. 6, when the output rotating member 6 is rotated clockwise (seen from the right in the axial direction) around the rotation axis o, first, the sectional view is shown. As indicated by the broken arrow in AA, the output gear OG integrated with the output rotating member 6 is rotated in the clockwise direction, and the outer transmission gear DO meshing with the output gear OG is rotated in the counterclockwise direction. Since the transmission external gear DO is integral with the second planetary gear P2, the second planetary gear P2 and the input gear IG (ring gear) are counterclockwise as shown by broken arrows in the sectional view BB. The second planetary gear P2 attempts to revolve clockwise with respect to the input gear IG (ring gear), and the carrier C generates a rotational torque T1 in the clockwise direction. On the other hand, when the input gear IG (ring gear) tries to rotate counterclockwise, the first planetary gear P1 is caused by the presence of the fixed gear FG (sun gear) as shown by the arrows in the sectional view CC. When trying to make a planetary motion in the counterclockwise direction, the carrier C generates a rotational torque T2 in the counterclockwise direction. At this time, in the bidirectional clutch of the present invention, the number of teeth of the first planetary gear P1 is set to be the same as the number of teeth of the second planetary gear P2, and meshes with the common input gear IG. Therefore, the magnitudes of the rotational torques T1 and T2 are the same and their directions are opposite to each other, so that the carrier C stops. As a result, the rotation of the first planetary gear P1 and the second planetary gear P2 is locked, and the transmission external gear DO integrated with the second planetary gear P2 and the output gear OG meshing therewith are also locked. Therefore, the transmission of rotation from the output rotating member 6 to the input rotating member 4 is interrupted because the rotation of the output rotating member 6 cannot be rotated. In the illustrated embodiment, the first planetary gear P1 and the second planetary gear P2 are separated in the axial direction, so that the first planetary gear P1 is integrated with the second planetary gear P2 by friction. Therefore, the lock is more reliably generated.

FIG. 7 shows a second embodiment of the lock type bidirectional clutch of the present invention. In the following, the same components as those in the first embodiment will be described with “′” added to the numbers.
In the second embodiment, the basic structure and operation are not different from the lock type bidirectional clutch of the first embodiment, but the input rotating member 4 ′ and the output rotating member 6 ′ are pivotally supported by the fixed member 2 ′. As the gear, the input gear IG ′ is composed of the same parts as the input rotation member 4 ′. In this embodiment, power is transmitted through external gears formed on the outer peripheral surfaces of the input rotating member 4 ′ and the output rotating member 6 ′. In this embodiment, an idle external gear I ′ that meshes with the second planetary gear P2 ′ is also provided. The idle external gear I ′ is an external gear that can rotate around a common rotation axis o ′ independently of the input rotation member 4 ′ and the output rotation member 6 ′. Is engaged with the planetary gear P2 ′ from the inside to stabilize the rotation of the second planetary gear P2 ′.

FIG. 8 shows a third embodiment of the lock type bidirectional clutch of the present invention. In the following, the same components as those in the first embodiment will be described with “″” added to the numbers.
In the third embodiment, the basic structure and operation are the same as those of the lock-type two-way clutch of the first embodiment, but in this embodiment, the input gear IG ″ is a sun gear, and the output gear OG ″. The fixed gear FG ″ is a ring gear. In the present embodiment, an idle external gear I ″ that meshes with the transmission external gear DO ″ is provided, and the rotation of the transmission external gear DO ″ is stabilized.

  As described above in detail, the lock-type bidirectional clutch of the present invention has two planetary gears that are rotatably supported by a common carrier shaft and meshed with the input gear, and one of the two planetary gears. Meshes with a fixed gear, a transmission external gear is fixed to the other, and the transmission external gear meshes with an output gear. Therefore, in the bidirectional clutch of the present invention, it is possible to prevent the generation of noise or the like due to the operation, and to perform speed change between the input / output shafts. In the above-described embodiment, it is apparent that various modifications can be made to the above-described embodiment, such as reducing the friction loss by interposing a rolling bearing between each planetary gear and the support shaft.

2: Fixed member (housing)
4: Input rotating member 6: Output rotating member M: Planetary gear mechanism IG: Input gear OG: Output gear P1: First planetary gear P2: Second planetary gear DO: Transmission external gear C: Carrier

Claims (6)

A non-rotatable fixing member, and an input rotation member and an output rotation member that can rotate around a common rotation axis, and forward and reverse rotations from the input rotation member are transmitted to the output rotation member; Transmission of rotation from the output rotating member to the input rotating member is a lock type bidirectional clutch that blocks the output rotating member by making it non-rotatable,
A planetary gear mechanism is installed between the input rotating member and the output rotating member,
The planetary gear mechanism includes a carrier that is rotatable about the common rotation axis, a first planetary gear that is rotatably supported on the carrier axis of the carrier, and has the same number of teeth, and a second planetary gear. A planetary gear, and a transmission external gear is fixed to the second planetary gear coaxially therewith,
The first planetary gear meshes with an input gear provided on the input rotating member and a fixed gear provided on the fixed member to constitute a planetary gear train, and the second planetary gear is connected with the input gear. A lock type two-way clutch that meshes and the transmission external gear meshes with an output gear provided on the output rotating member.   The lock-type two-way clutch according to claim 1, wherein the first planetary gear and the second planetary gear are separated from each other in the axial direction.   The input gear is a ring gear that is fixed to the input rotation member and meshes with the first planetary gear from the outside, and the output gear is a sun gear that meshes with the transmission external gear from the inside. The lock-type bidirectional clutch according to 1 or 2.   The lock type bidirectional clutch according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the fixing member is a housing in which an internal space for accommodating the planetary gear mechanism is formed.   The lock type bidirectional clutch according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the input rotation member and the output rotation member are gears pivotally supported by the fixed member.   The planetary gear mechanism is provided with an idle external gear that is rotatable around the common rotational axis independently of the input rotary member and the output rotary member, and the idle external gear is The lock type bidirectional clutch according to any one of claims 1 to 5, which meshes with the planetary gear or the transmission external gear from the inside thereof.