JP2019193394A - Construction system of disaster prevention type building structure - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a construction system for disaster prevention type building structure that appropriately implements BCP measures in an event of a natural disaster according to type, scale, and installation status of the structure, securing a lifeline of each building structure, and using hydrogen that is a clean energy source as a fuel to replace fossil fuels.SOLUTION: An automatic electrical power generation device 1 is provided that is installed in a building construction structure and comprises as one unit, a fuel cell 2, hydrogen generation and supply means generating and supplying hydrogen as fuel, and activation means activating the hydrogen generation and supply means to generate hydrogen. In the automatic electrical power generation device, the hydrogen generation and supply means is constituted of methylcyclohexane 4 and a dehydrogenation device 3, the activation operation is constituted of a heating device 5 heating a catalyst 18. After the activation of the dehydrogenation device, the catalyst is heated by the heat of separated and generated toluene in place of the heating device to separate the methylcyclohexane 4 into hydrogen and toluene to generate hydrogen, which is used as fuel for the fuel cell.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

The present invention, for example, does not rely on a commercial power supply, and can be used for building a disaster prevention building structure that can generate power on its own in a building structure, or even when receiving power from a commercial power supply. In preparation for when the supply of commercial power is stopped due to natural disasters, etc., a system that can generate power on its own in a building structure, considering the types of building structures with different building structures Thus, the present invention relates to a construction system for disaster prevention type building structures capable of constructing a disaster prevention system suitable for each building structure.

  In recent years, construction of a disaster prevention type building structure equipped with a system that can generate electric power on its own without relying on a commercial power source has been demanded for a newly built building structure. Moreover, even if there is a power supply from a commercial power source, there is a demand for the construction of a disaster prevention type building structure equipped with a system in which most of the power can be generated by itself.

  Furthermore, in recent years, efforts have been made to improve the earthquake resistance of structures in order to respond to natural disasters such as earthquakes. However, it is not enough to improve the earthquake resistance of a building structure simply by improving the earthquake resistance of the structure. Absent.

  In the event of a major natural disaster, it is necessary to take thorough measures for the subsequent BCP, and it is necessary to secure a lifeline for residents of the building structure. For example, when the power supply from the commercial power supply is stopped, even if a nominal emergency generator is simply installed in the structure, the conventional emergency power generation is performed when the power is cut off for several days. The power generation by the machine is inadequate and the lifeline of the building structure may be disrupted.

Moreover, conventional emergency generators are operated with fossil fuels such as gasoline, and cannot be said to be in line with social trends in recent years when clean energy is required.
Here, a fuel cell system has attracted attention as a clean energy source to replace fossil fuel. One fuel of the fuel cell system is hydrogen fuel.

In a fuel cell system using hydrogen fuel as fuel, only water is discharged when power is generated, and therefore, it is attracting attention as a clean energy source with the smallest environmental load.
However, since hydrogen is a gas and a flammable substance at room temperature, it is difficult to store and transport.
In view of this, various hydrogen generation / hydrogen storage / hydrogen supply systems have been proposed that can safely store hydrogen and supply hydrogen as needed with good response.

JP 2017-81793 A

Thus, the present invention has been made in view of the above-described conventional requests, proposals made in the past, and social trends in recent years, and it relates to newly built structures or existing building structures. Depending on the scale, size, and installation conditions, BCP measures can be properly taken in the event of a natural disaster, the lifeline of each building structure can be secured, and conventional emergency generators can be operated with fossil fuels such as gasoline. On the other hand, an object of the present invention is to provide a construction system for a disaster prevention type building structure using hydrogen as a clean energy source instead of the fossil fuel.

The present invention
A fuel cell, a hydrogen generation supply means for generating and supplying hydrogen as fuel to the fuel cell, and an operation means for operating the hydrogen generation supply means to generate hydrogen in the building structure Installed an automatic power generation device as a unit,
The automatic power generation apparatus comprises the dehydrogenation apparatus, wherein the hydrogen generation and supply means includes a methylcyclohexane, and a dehydrogenation reactor that separates the methylcyclohexane into hydrogen and toluene by reacting the methylcyclohexane with a catalyst. The means is constituted by a heating device that heats the catalyst, and after the dehydrogenation device is operated, the catalyst is heated by the heat of the separated and produced toluene instead of the heating device to be separated into hydrogen and toluene. And produce hydrogen as fuel for the fuel cell,
It is characterized by
Or
A fuel cell, a hydrogen generation supply means for generating and supplying hydrogen as fuel to the fuel cell, and an operation means for operating the hydrogen generation supply means to generate hydrogen in the building structure Installed the automatic power generation device and control device as a unit,
The automatic power generation apparatus comprises the dehydrogenation apparatus, wherein the hydrogen generation and supply means includes a methylcyclohexane, and a dehydrogenation reactor that separates the methylcyclohexane into hydrogen and toluene by reacting the methylcyclohexane with a catalyst. The means is constituted by a heating device that heats the catalyst, and after the dehydrogenation device is operated, the catalyst is heated by the heat of the separated and produced toluene instead of the heating device to be separated into hydrogen and toluene. And produce hydrogen as fuel for the fuel cell,
The control device is a means for searching a maximum expected inundation height of a region where a building structure is constructed, and a means for calculating an installation floor of the building structure disaster prevention equipment that is not submerged from the searched maximum expected inundation height.
Means for calculating power consumption within a predetermined time when commercial power is cut off from the scale of the building structure,
It is characterized by
Or
A thermal generator is installed in the passage of toluene having the heat, and the electric power obtained by the thermal generator is used as a load in the building structure.
It is characterized by
Or
The heating device is configured by using electric power for heating from a solar cell,
It is characterized by
Or
The control device performs switching control between power supply from a commercial power source and power supply from an automatic power generation device when supplying power into a building structure.
It is characterized by this.

According to the present invention, a BCP countermeasure at the time of a natural disaster can be appropriately performed according to the type, scale, and installation status of a newly built building structure or an existing building structure, and each building structure In addition, while conventional emergency generators operate on fossil fuels such as gasoline, disaster-preventing building structures that use hydrogen as a clean energy source to replace the fossil fuels It is possible to provide an excellent construction system.

1 is a configuration explanatory diagram illustrating a configuration of an automatic power generation device according to the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is whole structure explanatory drawing explaining the whole structure of this invention. It is explanatory drawing explaining the transmission / reception state of a control apparatus and an external site. FIG. 2 is a configuration explanatory diagram illustrating a configuration of a control device. It is a structure explanatory drawing explaining the structure of a calculation control part.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes an automatic power generation apparatus according to the present invention in which apparatuses used for automatic power generation are combined into one set of units.

  The automatic power generation apparatus 1 includes a fuel cell 2, a dehydrogenation device 3, a methylcyclohexane 4 that flows into a reactor in the dehydrogenation device 3 and reacts with a catalyst 18 such as platinum attached in the reactor, The heating device 5 and the control device 7 for heating the catalyst 18 in the dehydrogenation device 3 are provided. The methylcyclohexane 4 is stored in a liquid tank 6.

  Here, the control device 7 controls the introduction of the methylcyclohexane 4 into the dehydrogenation device 3. That is, control is performed such that methylcyclohexane 4 is introduced into the dehydrogenation device 3 and sprayed onto the catalyst 18 at predetermined time intervals. Further, although the catalyst 18 is heated to a high temperature by the heating device 5, it is determined whether or not the catalyst 18 has reached a temperature at which the reaction occurs when the methylcyclohexane 4 is sprayed on the catalyst 18, and the catalyst 18 reaches a predetermined high temperature. When the temperature is reached, the control of spraying methylcyclohexane 4 onto the catalyst 18 is also performed. Furthermore, the catalyst 18 is controlled to be circulated without discharging the separated high-temperature toluene and heated. In addition, when power is supplied to the building structure, switching control between power supply from a commercial power supply and power supply from the automatic power generation apparatus 1 according to the present invention is also performed.

  Incidentally, for example, as shown in FIG. 1, a container or cubicle forming a rectangular box is prepared, and the fuel cell 2, the dehydrogenation device 3, and the methylcyclohexane 4 are stored in the container or cubicle. The liquid tank 6, the heating device 5, the control device 7, and the like are arranged to form the automatic power generation device 1.

  In order to operate the automatic power generation device 1, the catalyst 18 in the dehydrogenation device 3 must be heated by the heating device 5. Here, there is no limitation on the configuration of the heating device 5. It is good also as the heating apparatus 5 using the electric power from the solar cell system which installed the solar panel and comprised with this solar panel. Further, as the heating device 5, for example, a generator using LP gas can be considered. Electric power generated by these generators is used as heating electric power such as a heater to heat the catalyst 18.

  It should be noted that a solar water heater is installed on the roof of the building structure, a binary generator using this hot water is attached, and the generated electric power may be used as the heating device 5, or the electric power generated by the binary generator is continued. It can also be configured to take in the building structure and use its power.

  When the catalyst 18 is heated by the heating device 5, the methylcyclohexane 4 comes into contact with the heated high-temperature catalyst 18 to cause a reaction to separate into hydrogen and toluene. Then, the separated hydrogen is taken out and introduced into the fuel cell 2 as fuel. It also accumulates in hydrogen cylinders.

  As can be understood from FIG. 1, reference numeral 6 is a liquid tank for storing methylcyclohexane 4. 200 liters of methylcyclohexane 4 is normally stored in the liquid tank 6. In some cases, it is possible to store in a liquid tank of 200 liters or more by amendment of laws and the like, and the liquid tank 6 is not limited to 200 liters.

  A catalyst 18 made of platinum or the like is provided in the reactor in the dehydrogenation apparatus 3, and the catalyst 18 is heated by the heating apparatus 5, and the methylcyclohexane 4 comes into contact with the catalyst 18 heated to a high temperature. And separated into hydrogen and toluene.

  Here, for example, a reaction occurs between the catalyst 18 and methylcyclohexane 4 at a high temperature of about 700 ° C., whereby toluene is separated and produced. The separated toluene has a high temperature of 200 ° C. or higher, and the high heat of this toluene can be reused. Therefore, it returns to the dehydrogenation apparatus 3 without discharging toluene. That is, the high temperature of toluene can be used to heat the catalyst 18 so that the high temperature state of the catalyst 18 can be maintained.

  Further, the high temperature state of the catalyst 18 itself is maintained by the reaction operation, and the high temperature of the catalyst 18 is maintained even by heating with toluene at 200 ° C., and the reaction operation of the catalyst 18 and methylcyclohexane 4 is sufficiently performed. Thus, separation of hydrogen and toluene can continue.

  That is, the heating of the catalyst 18 by the heating device 5 such as an LP gas generator may be performed only during the initial operation of the dehydrogenation device 3 (for example, about 1 hour), and after the separation of hydrogen and toluene is performed. Since high-temperature toluene is generated, the heat of the toluene is used for heating the catalyst 18 instead of the heating device 5.

  Here, to summarize the procedure for producing hydrogen by dehydrogenation using methylcyclohexane 4, first, the catalyst 18 such as platinum is heated using the heating device 5. Next, the pump of the liquid tank 6 is turned on. Then, methylcyclohexane 4 in the liquid tank 6 is sent to the reactor of the dehydrogenation device 3. For example, the valve is opened at regular intervals, and methylcyclohexane 4 is sprayed from the spray nozzle at regular intervals. Then, a dehydrogenation reaction of the sprayed methylcyclohexane 4 occurs on the surface of the catalyst 18, whereby hydrogen and toluene are separated and produced. The heated toluene is recovered without being discharged and further used for heating the catalyst 18.

  As shown in FIG. 2, a thermal generator 26 is installed in a passage for passing toluene having heat, for example, a passage toward the toluene underground tank 22, and the electric power obtained by the thermoelectric generator 26 is used as a load in the building structure. It can be used as Furthermore, this thermal generator 26 can also be installed in the automatic power generation apparatus 1 installed on the third floor of the disaster prevention apartment. That is, it is possible to generate electricity with the heat of the separated toluene and use the power in the disaster prevention apartment. Thereafter, the toluene is cooled and liquefied and stored in the toluene underground tank 22. Hydrogen is sent to the fuel cell 2 through a pipe.

  Reference numeral 7 denotes a control device. The control device 7 has a transmission / reception unit 10 that performs transmission / reception by connecting to a plurality of external sites 9 via a network 8 such as the Internet.

  In addition, it includes an arithmetic control unit 11 that performs various arithmetic controls, a storage unit 12 that stores arithmetically controlled data, an input unit 13 that includes a keyboard or a touch panel, and a display unit 14 such as a monitor display. Is done.

  Here, the control device 7 is configured to perform system design when a disaster prevention apartment is newly constructed or when a disaster prevention system is introduced into an existing apartment. That is, in the control device 7, the data on the maximum flooding height due to the tsunami in the disaster prevention apartment installation area, for example, is acquired from the external site 9 by the flooding height acquisition unit 15 of the arithmetic control unit 11.

  The acquired maximum inundation height data is sent to the automatic power generation device installation floor determination unit 16, and the automatic power generation device installation floor determination unit 16 installs the automatic power generation device 1 in the disaster prevention mansion. Is determined.

  For example, when the assumed maximum inundation height in Tokyo's Shimomachi Koto Ward is assumed to be a maximum of 7 m, an apartment floor of 7 m or more is determined as the installation floor (for example, the third floor) of the automatic power generation device 1, The automatic power generation device 1 is installed on this floor. If the automatic power generation device 1 is installed on a floor below this floor, the device may be inundated, and if it is submerged, emergency response for automatic power generation cannot be performed.

  In addition, the control device 7 has a required power measuring unit 17 that measures how much power is required for 24 hours (one day) when the supply of commercial power is stopped due to a natural disaster or the like. is doing. The required power measuring unit 17 measures how much power generated by the automatic power generation device 1 is necessary in an emergency when power supply from a commercial power supply is stopped.

  In measuring the required power, data from the apartment scale information unit 27 is taken into consideration. That is, in the apartment scale information section 27, how many households the corresponding disaster prevention apartments have, the apartments with stores, and the scale of common parts such as the assembly rooms and floors. Information data such as whether or not is collected in advance. Then, the collected information data of the apartment size information unit 27 is sent to the required power measurement unit 17, and the required power measurement unit 17, for example, for 24 hours (one day) of the disaster prevention apartment based on the information data, How much power is needed is measured.

Here, in the predetermined dehydrogenation apparatus 3, about 100 m ³ of hydrogen is obtained from 200 liters of methylcyclohexane 4, and the fuel cell 2 generates 120 kwh of electric power using this 100 m ³ of hydrogen as fuel. Has been confirmed.

  Therefore, with the automatic power generation device 1 of this scale, 120 kwh of power can be used in about 24 hours (about 1 day). However, it is possible to judge that the scale of the disaster prevention condominium corresponding to the power consumption, that is, the power consumption of 120 kwh in 24 hours is a condominium having about 40 households. That is, as the electric power for the lighting of the common part, the staircase part and the hallway part, for example, it can be provided for about 24 hours assuming that 5 kwh of electric power is used per hour. As a BCP countermeasure, for example, when a system capable of supplying power for 3 days is constructed, 1.5 kwh of power can be supplied per hour. In recent years, power-saving LEDs are often used as power for lighting in common areas, staircases, and corridors, and it is said that a power supply of 1.5 kwh is sufficient. It can also charge mobile phones and computers.

  If the apartment is larger than this, it is conceivable to install several liquid tanks 6 containing the methylcyclohexane 4 to increase the amount of hydrogen produced as fuel.

  As described above, when not only power corresponding to 24 hours but also power consumption for two days or three days is required, the number of liquid tanks 6 corresponding to the required time is installed.

  Next, the control device 7 has a commercial power supply stop recognition unit 19. The commercial power supply stop recognition unit 19 recognizes that the power transmission from the commercial power supply has been stopped due to a natural disaster such as an earthquake or a sudden accident, and when the stop of the power transmission is recognized, The information is notified from the commercial power supply stop recognizing unit 19 to the automatic power generation start unit 20, and upon receiving this notification, the heating device 5 is operated. Further, methylcyclohexane 4 is introduced into the dehydrogenation device 3, and the automatic power generation device. 1 is configured to operate. When the automatic power generation apparatus 1 operates, hydrogen is generated, and the generated hydrogen is sent to the fuel cell 2 to start power generation work.

FIG. 2 shows an example of the overall configuration of the present invention.
In FIG. 2, the building structure provided with the electric power generation apparatus 1 which produces | generates electric power automatically without depending on a commercial power source is shown.

  In the underground part of this building structure, first, there is an MCH underground tank 21 for storing methylcyclohexane 4. In addition, hydrogen and toluene are separated and generated by the operation of the automatic power generation apparatus 1, and has a toluene underground tank 22 for storing the separated toluene.

  In this system, the power demand in the building structure can be covered only by the automatic power generation device 1 without depending on the commercial power source. That is, the methylcyclohexane 4 is sucked up from the MCH underground tank 21 and supplied to the dehydrogenation device 3 to be separated into hydrogen and toluene. Hydrogen is supplied to the fuel cell 2 to generate electric power, and the electric power is used in the building structure. The separated toluene is stored in the toluene underground tank 22 and discharged periodically. The separated hydrogen can be not only sent to the fuel cell 2 but also stored in a hydrogen cylinder.

  By the way, when a natural disaster such as an earthquake or a sudden accident occurs and inundation is expected, the information is notified from the inundation prediction unit 23.

  In response to this notification, the connection pipe 24 connecting the MCH underground tank 21, the toluene underground tank 22 and the automatic power generation device 1 is shut off. That is, the MCH underground tank 21 and the toluene underground tank 22 are hermetically sealed to avoid the risk of outflow. In FIG. 2, reference numeral 25 denotes a vent.

In addition, even when power is supplied from a commercial power source, the MCH underground tank 21 and the toluene underground tank 22 are provided in the basement, and the automatic power generation apparatus 1 is continuously operated to generate hydrogen. Also good.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Power automatic generation apparatus 2 Fuel cell 3 Dehydrogenation apparatus 4 Methylcyclohexane 5 Heating apparatus 6 Liquid tank 7 Control apparatus 8 Network 9 External site 10 Transmission / reception part 11 Operation control part 12 Storage part 13 Input part 14 Display part 15 Inundation height Acquisition unit 16 Automatic power generation device installation floor determination unit 17 Required power measurement unit 18 Catalyst 19 Commercial power supply stop recognition unit 20 Automatic power generation start unit 21 MCH underground tank 22 Toluene underground tank 23 Inundation prediction unit 24 Connection pipe 25 Vent 26 Heat generation Electricity 27 Condominium Scale Information Department

Claims (5)

A fuel cell, a hydrogen generation supply means for generating and supplying hydrogen as fuel to the fuel cell, and an operation means for operating the hydrogen generation supply means to generate hydrogen in the building structure Installed an automatic power generation device as a unit,
The automatic power generation apparatus comprises the dehydrogenation apparatus, wherein the hydrogen generation and supply means includes a methylcyclohexane, and a dehydrogenation reactor that separates the methylcyclohexane into hydrogen and toluene by reacting the methylcyclohexane with a catalyst. The means is constituted by a heating device that heats the catalyst, and after the dehydrogenation device is operated, the catalyst is heated by the heat of the separated and produced toluene instead of the heating device to be separated into hydrogen and toluene. And produce hydrogen as fuel for the fuel cell,
A construction system for disaster prevention type building structures characterized by this.
A fuel cell, a hydrogen generation supply means for generating and supplying hydrogen as fuel to the fuel cell, and an operation means for operating the hydrogen generation supply means to generate hydrogen in the building structure Installed the automatic power generation device and control device as a unit,
The automatic power generation apparatus comprises the dehydrogenation apparatus, wherein the hydrogen generation and supply means includes a methylcyclohexane, and a dehydrogenation reactor that separates the methylcyclohexane into hydrogen and toluene by reacting the methylcyclohexane with a catalyst. The means is constituted by a heating device that heats the catalyst, and after the dehydrogenation device is operated, the catalyst is heated by the heat of the separated and produced toluene instead of the heating device to be separated into hydrogen and toluene. And produce hydrogen as fuel for the fuel cell,
The control device is a means for searching a maximum expected inundation height of a region where a building structure is constructed, and a means for calculating an installation floor of the building structure disaster prevention equipment that is not submerged from the searched maximum expected inundation height.
Means for calculating power consumption within a predetermined time when commercial power is cut off from the scale of the building structure,
A construction system for disaster prevention type building structures characterized by this.
A thermal generator is installed in the passage of toluene having the heat, and the electric power obtained by the thermal generator is used as a load in the building structure.
The construction system of a disaster prevention type building structure according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterized by that.
The heating device is configured by using electric power for heating from a solar cell,
The construction system for a disaster prevention type building structure according to claim 1, claim 2, or claim 3.
The control device performs switching control between power supply from a commercial power source and power supply from an automatic power generation device when supplying power into a building structure.
The construction system for a disaster prevention type building structure according to claim 2.

Images