JP2019192562A - Storage battery state monitoring system - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a technology related to a storage battery state monitoring system, capable of enhancing the degree of freedom of a connection configuration between a measuring device and a storage battery in a storage battery system and performing more accurate measurement and state estimation.SOLUTION: A storage battery state monitoring system comprises: a plurality of measurement devices 4 connected to a storage battery group 50; and a host device 10 connected to the plurality of measurement devices 4. In the plurality of measurement devices 4, as the predetermined number X of connections, mixture of a device to which a first number (for example, 3) of storage batteries 5 are connected, and a device to which a second number (for example, 4) of storage batteries 5 are connected, is allowed. Each measurement device 4 recognizes configuration information including the number X of connections and acquires measurement data including a measurement value of voltage for each storage battery 5. The host device 10 recognizes configuration information including the number X of connections of each measurement device 4, confirms the number X of connections related to measurement data from the measurement device 4, and performs calculation processing for estimating a state including discharge capacity for each storage battery 5 by using setting information corresponding to the number X of connections.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a storage battery state monitoring system that monitors the state of a storage battery, and measures and estimates the state of a storage battery by energizing a storage battery group that is always connected to a load in applications such as backup and output fluctuation mitigation. It relates to the technology to do.

  In the storage battery state monitoring system, the voltage, temperature, internal impedance, etc. of the storage battery are measured, the discharge capacity of the storage battery is estimated based on the measurement data, and the state of the storage battery such as life and deterioration is detected. In the storage battery state monitoring system, a measurement device (storage battery state measurement device) connected to the storage battery group of the storage battery system is provided. One measuring device is electrically connected to one or more storage batteries. For example, when the storage battery is a single-cell lead storage battery, a plurality of single-cell lead storage batteries connected in series may be connected to one measuring device as one unit.

  JP, 2005-26153, A (patent documents 1) is mentioned as a prior art example concerning a storage battery state monitoring system. Patent Document 1 describes that as a storage battery monitoring system, the temperature of an assembled battery composed of a plurality of storage batteries is detected, the voltage and internal resistance of each battery cell are measured, and the life of the battery cell is determined.

JP 2005-26153 A

  In the storage battery state monitoring system and the storage battery system of the prior art example, as a connection configuration between the measurement device and the storage battery, for example, one measurement device has three or four storage batteries (for example, a single cell lead storage battery) as a predetermined number. Connection was possible. Depending on the requirements and design, in a whole storage battery system, each of a plurality of measuring devices needs to be implemented and operated only with a connection configuration of a predetermined number of storage batteries, either three or four. It was. In other words, in the storage battery state monitoring system and the storage battery system of the prior art example, mixing of a measuring device having a connection configuration of three storage batteries and a measuring device having a connection configuration of four storage batteries was not allowed.

  For this reason, the total number of storage batteries that can be realized by the storage battery system according to the related art example and the resulting power are one of three times or four times, which is limited as a pattern and has a low degree of freedom in mounting. Further, if a measuring device having a connection configuration of three storage batteries and a measuring device having a connection configuration of four storage batteries are mixed in one storage battery system, different types of measurement data are mixed. The host device performs state estimation calculation and the like on the measurement data using the same threshold value and calculation formula, so accurate estimation and determination cannot be performed.

  The purpose of the present invention is to provide a technology that can increase the degree of freedom of the connection configuration between the measuring device and the storage battery in the storage battery system, and can perform more accurate measurement and state estimation regarding the technology of the storage battery state monitoring system. is there.

  A typical embodiment of the present invention is a storage battery state monitoring system having the following configuration. The storage battery state monitoring system of an embodiment includes a plurality of measurement devices connected to a storage battery group, and a host device connected to the plurality of measurement devices, and the plurality of measurement devices are Mixing of the first type measuring device to which the first number of storage batteries are connected as the predetermined number of connections and the second type measuring device to which the second number of storage batteries are connected is permitted, and each of the plurality of measuring devices is allowed to be mixed. The measuring device grasps the first configuration information including the number of connections, acquires measurement data including a measured value of voltage for each target storage battery among the storage batteries of the number of connections, The second configuration information including the number of connections of the measurement device is obtained, the measurement data is obtained from the measurement device, the number of connections related to the measurement data is confirmed, and setting information corresponding to the number of connections is used. Including the discharge capacity of each target storage battery. It performs calculation processing for estimating the state.

  According to a typical embodiment of the present invention, regarding the technology of the storage battery state monitoring system, the degree of freedom of the connection configuration between the measurement device and the plurality of storage batteries in the storage battery system can be increased, and more accurate measurement or State estimation is possible.

It is a figure which shows the structure of the storage battery state monitoring system of Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a figure which shows the mounting structural example of the storage battery state monitoring system of Embodiment 1. FIG. In Embodiment 1, it is a figure which shows the example of a connection structure of one measuring apparatus (slave unit) and a some storage battery. In Embodiment 1, it is a figure which shows another example of the connection structure of one measuring apparatus (slave unit) and a some storage battery. In Embodiment 1, it is a figure which shows the structural example of a power supply device. In Embodiment 1, it is a figure which shows the example of a connection structure between each apparatus as an example of mounting. In Embodiment 1, it is a figure which shows the example of arrangement | positioning structure of the storage battery group in a power supply device. In Embodiment 1, it is a figure which shows the structural example of structure information or measurement data. In Embodiment 1, it is a figure which shows the structural example of a measuring apparatus (slave unit). It is a figure which shows the connection structural example between the apparatuses in the storage battery state monitoring system of the comparative example with respect to Embodiment 1. FIG. In a comparative example, it is a figure which shows the example of arrangement | positioning structure of the storage battery group in a power supply device.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. Note that components having the same function are denoted by the same reference symbols throughout the drawings for describing the embodiment, and the repetitive description thereof will be omitted.

(Embodiment 1)
The storage battery state monitoring system according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. In the storage battery state monitoring system of the first embodiment, a storage battery (for example, a single cell lead) connected to one measurement device as a connection configuration of each of the plurality of measurement devices and the plurality of storage batteries in one storage battery system. When the number of storage batteries is the number of connections X, a mixture of two types of connection configurations, that is, a first number (X = 3) connection configuration and a second number (X = 4) connection configuration is allowed.

  The storage battery state monitoring system according to the first embodiment has a hardware and software configuration that allows the mixture thereof. The measuring device and the host device grasp the mixed configuration as configuration information. The host device performs estimation calculation and determination of the state of each storage battery according to the number of connections X related to the measurement data from each measurement device, corresponding to the mixed configuration.

[Storage battery status monitoring system (1)]
FIG. 1 shows the configuration of the storage battery state monitoring system of the first embodiment. The storage battery state monitoring system according to the first embodiment includes a host device 10 and a power supply device 40 (particularly, a plurality of measuring devices 4 among them), which are connected through a communication network 102. The power supply device 40 includes a storage battery group 50 to be monitored and a plurality (m pieces) of measuring apparatuses 4 connected to the storage battery group 50, which are connected. The storage battery group 50 includes an assembled battery that is a plurality (n) of storage batteries 5 connected in series, and the positive and negative terminals thereof are connected to the control power supply device 60. The control power supply 60 is connected to the communication network 102.

  At a customer base (customer environment) or the like, it has a load 72 that is an important device or system (such as a data center) that needs to operate constantly. The load 72 may be connected to the power supply device 40 including the storage battery group 50 and the control power supply device 60. The storage battery group 50 of the power supply device 40 is always electrically connected to the load 72 and the like through the control power supply device 60.

  The control power supply 60 is, for example, an uninterruptible power supply (UPS), a power control system (PCS), a DC power supply, or the like. The control power supply device 60 includes a charge / discharge control unit 61 and is a device that controls charging and discharging of the storage battery group 50. The control power supply device 60 is connected to a power system (commercial power supply) 71, a load 72, a power generation device 73, and the like. A power system (commercial power supply) 71 supplies AC power. The load 72 is an arbitrary device or system at a customer base that is a target for backup, output fluctuation mitigation, or the like. Although there may be no power generation device 73, the power generation device 73 supplies generated power. The control power supply device 60 performs charging with the electric power system 71 and charging with the generated electric power from the power generation device 73 to discharge the load 72. For example, when detecting a power failure in the customer environment, the control power supply device 60 discharges the load 72 based on the power charged in the storage battery group 50. For example, the control power supply 60 charges the storage battery group 50 based on the power from the power system 71 or the like when detecting the return from a power failure. The charged state of the storage battery 5 is brought close to 100% by charging.

  The storage battery group 50 is normally charged with power supplied from the commercial power supply 71 based on the control of the control power supply device 60. In an emergency or the like, the storage battery group 50 performs a discharge operation to the load 72 based on the control of the control power supply device 60. For example, a case where power supply from the commercial power supply 71 is interrupted, such as a power failure or a momentary interruption, or a case where the power is not used or cannot be used (“emergency”) may occur. In the case of an emergency or the like, power supply from the power supply device 40 to the load 72 can be continued through the control power supply device 60. A system including the power supply device 40 and the control power supply device 60 may be referred to as a storage battery system. The storage battery group 50 may have assembled batteries connected in parallel.

  Further, the control power supply device 60 has state detection values and information (charge / discharge information INF) related to charge and discharge, and has a function of outputting the charge / discharge information INF. Devices such as the host device 10 can acquire the charge / discharge information INF from the control power supply device 60 through the communication network 102 and use it for monitoring or the like. The charge / discharge information INF includes, for example, the presence / absence and date / time of charge / discharge, the detected value of the current flowing through the storage battery group 50 during charge / discharge, and the like. In addition, about the direct current | flow resistance value which is a direct current | flow component among the internal resistance of the storage battery 5, it can calculate using the voltage value at the time of charging / discharging of the storage battery 5, and an electric current value based on charging / discharging information INF.

  As the battery 5 is discharged many times, the discharge capacity gradually decreases and approaches the life. In addition, the storage battery 5 deteriorates over time even in a non-operating state. When the life of the storage battery 5 is reduced due to a decrease in the discharge capacity, or a failure occurs due to deterioration, the optimal discharge operation by the storage battery group 50 of the power supply device 40 cannot be performed. Therefore, it is effective to automatically monitor the state of the storage battery group 50 using the storage battery state monitoring system and detect the life or deterioration of the storage battery 5. The storage battery state monitoring system measures the voltage, temperature, internal impedance and the like of the storage battery 5 and estimates the state of charge and discharged capacity of the storage battery 5 using the measured values. Thereby, the storage battery state monitoring system determines the lifetime of the storage battery 5 and outputs announcement information and the like to the user.

  In the power supply device 40, each measuring device 4 in the plurality of measuring devices 4 is a storage battery state measuring device. One measuring device 4 is connected to a predetermined plurality (number of connections X) of storage batteries 5 up to a predetermined maximum number (for example, four). In particular, each measuring device 4 has a connection configuration in which the number of storage batteries 5 of three (first number) or four (second number) is connected as the number of connections X. In the configuration example of FIG. 1, in one storage battery system, measurement device 4 (for example, ID = C1) connected to X = 3 storage batteries 5 as the first type and X = 4 pieces as the second type. The storage battery 5 and the measuring device 4 connected (for example, ID = C2) are mixed.

  The measuring device 4 includes a plurality of storage batteries 5 connected in series (number of connections X) as a unit, and a unit for each storage battery 5, voltage (voltage between terminals), temperature (neighbor temperature), and It has a function to measure internal impedance. For example, the measuring device 4 constantly measures the voltage value between the positive electrode terminal and the negative electrode terminal of the storage battery 5. Moreover, the measuring apparatus 4 always measures the vicinity temperature of the storage battery 5 using the temperature sensor provided in the position close | similar to the storage battery 5, for example. Further, the measuring device 4 applies a current waveform of a predetermined measurement frequency (for example, two or more types of measurement frequencies) for measuring the internal impedance corresponding to the internal resistance between the terminals of the storage battery 5, for example. Measure the response voltage waveform to. The internal impedance can be calculated from the data of the response voltage waveform. The measurement device 4 stores measurement data including the voltage, temperature, and internal impedance in a memory and transmits the measurement data to the host device 10.

  The measuring device 4 includes a connection number grasping unit 140. The connection number grasping unit 140 grasps the number of storage batteries 5 connected to its own measuring device 4 as the connection number X. The measuring device 4 stores and holds the configuration information (first configuration information) related to the configuration of the own measuring device 4 and the connected storage battery 5 including the number of connections X in the memory, and notifies the host device 10 of the configuration information. When the configuration related to the measuring device 4 is changed, the measuring device 4 updates the configuration information and notifies the higher-level device 10.

  The host device 10 is a monitoring processing device that performs monitoring processing related to the state of the storage battery group 50 of the power supply device 40 to be monitored. The host device 10 acquires measurement data from each measurement device 4 and stores it in the storage means, and monitors the state of each storage battery 5. The host device 10 performs a calculation process for estimating the state of each storage battery 5 based on the measurement data, and performs determination and detection of soundness confirmation, life estimation, deterioration, and the like of the storage battery 5. The host device 10 creates and saves monitoring information including the state estimation result and outputs it to the user.

  The host device 10 includes a monitoring application 101. The monitoring application 101 performs monitoring processing by software program processing based on hardware such as a CPU of the upper level device 10. The monitoring application 101 includes a measurement data acquisition unit 101A, a discharge capacity estimation unit 101B, a GUI unit 101C, and a configuration grasping unit 101D as functional blocks.

  The measurement data acquisition unit 101A acquires measurement data based on communication with each of the plurality of measurement devices 4 of the power supply device 40 through the communication network 102. The measurement data includes information such as the measurement date and time, the ID of the measurement device 4, and measured values of each parameter (voltage, temperature, internal impedance) of the storage battery 5.

  The discharge capacity estimation unit 101B performs calculation processing for estimating the discharge capacity and the like for each storage battery 5 using the measurement data and setting information, and creates monitoring information including estimation result information. The host device 10 (monitoring application 101) holds measurement data, monitoring information, and the like in a storage unit.

  The GUI unit 101C provides a screen or the like as a graphical user interface (GUI) for a user (such as a monitoring worker). The GUI unit 101C includes input / output interfaces of input devices and output devices that are built in or connected to the host device 10. The GUI unit 101C receives an instruction or the like by a user input operation. The GUI unit 101C collects measurement data, monitoring information, and configuration information in a predetermined format and displays them on the screen. The user can recognize the state and configuration of the storage battery group 50 of the power supply device 40 by looking at the screen.

  The configuration grasping unit 101D grasps the configuration including each measuring device 4 and each storage battery 5 of the storage battery system (power supply device 40), and centrally manages the configuration information (second configuration information). The configuration grasping unit 101D creates or updates the second configuration information managed by itself based on the setting by the user or the notification of the first configuration information from the measurement device 4. When receiving the notification of the first configuration information from the measurement device 4, the configuration grasping unit 101 </ b> D updates the content of its own second configuration information to the latest state using the first configuration information.

  When the measurement data acquisition unit 101A acquires the measurement data from the measurement device 4, the measurement data acquisition unit 101A checks information such as the number of connections X of the measurement device 4 that is the transmission source of the measurement data based on the reference to the configuration information of the configuration grasping unit 101D. To do. When the measurement apparatus 4 describes information such as the number of connections X in the measurement data, the measurement data acquisition unit 101A confirms the number of connections X by referring to the information in the acquired measurement data. it can.

  The discharge capacity estimation unit 101B performs calculation processing for estimating the state of each storage battery 5 based on information such as measurement data and the number of connections X. At that time, the discharge capacity estimation unit 101B performs a calculation process for estimating a discharge capacity and the like for each storage battery 5 using a threshold value, a calculation formula, and the like according to the number of connections X (= 3 or 4) of the measuring device 4. This makes it possible to accurately estimate the state in accordance with the configuration of the number of connections X.

  The host device 10 of the storage battery state monitoring system announces a standard update time according to the usage time of the storage battery 5 to the user. In addition, the host device 10 detects a state in which the storage battery 5 is approaching the end of its life (life time) based on the estimation result such as the discharge capacity of the storage battery 5, and in that case, the state of the storage battery 5 and the storage battery 5 is determined for maintenance, update, replacement, etc. (described as maintenance time), and announcement information is output to the user.

[Storage battery state monitoring system (2-1)]
FIG. 2 shows a mounting configuration example of the storage battery state monitoring system according to Embodiment 1 of FIG. As a correspondence relationship between the configuration in FIG. 2 and the configuration in FIG. 1, the higher-level device 10 in FIG. 1 includes the remote monitoring server 1, the central master unit 2, and the master unit 3 in FIG. 2. 1 is configured as a plurality of slave units 4 in FIG. In the case of the system of FIG. 2, the status of each storage battery system at a plurality of customer bases can be collectively monitored by the remote monitoring server 1 and managed centrally. The system of FIG. 2 has a tree-like hierarchical structure regarding devices and communications.

  The entire system including the storage battery state monitoring system of FIG. 2 has a remote monitoring server 1, a user terminal 9, and a storage battery system for each customer base, which are connected via a wide area communication network 90. The wide area communication network 90 includes an infrastructure such as the Internet or a mobile network. The storage battery system includes a control device 20, a plurality of parent devices 3, a power supply device 40, a control power supply device 60, and the like. The power supply device 40 includes a plurality of storage battery devices 6. Storage battery device 6 includes a slave unit 4 and a plurality of storage batteries 5.

  The remote monitoring server 1 is configured as a cloud server on a cloud computing system. The remote monitoring server 1 is a server device that performs a remote monitoring process on the storage battery group 50 of the power supply device 40 at the target customer base. The remote monitoring server 1 stores and manages data / information such as setting information, configuration information, measurement data, and monitoring information in a database (DB) 100. The remote monitoring server 1 includes an application (remote monitoring application) corresponding to the monitoring application 101 in FIG. The remote monitoring server 1 performs trend management of the state for each storage battery 5, and estimates and detects a state including deterioration, abnormality, and life for each storage battery 5 based on threshold management. The app has a function of estimating a state such as a discharge capacity and determining and detecting a state such as deterioration as a monitoring processing function. The application also has a function of displaying data such as measured values and calculated values on a screen in the form of a graph or a table. In addition, this storage battery state monitoring system has a function of detecting a connection configuration between devices and a communication abnormality between devices.

  The remote monitoring server 1 transmits a command to the central master unit 2 and acquires measurement data and configuration information from the central master unit 2. The remote monitoring server 1 stores the acquired measurement data in the DB 100, reads it as necessary, and displays it on the screen in the form of a graph, a table, or the like. The remote monitoring server 1 confirms the storage battery type, the number of connections X, the number of series connections, the number of parallel connections, and the like for the measurement data of the target storage battery 5 based on the configuration information. The remote monitoring server 1 refers to calculation formulas and threshold values corresponding to the number of connections X and the like, and performs state estimation calculation processing such as discharge capacity for each storage battery 5 and life determination processing. The remote monitoring server 1 displays the monitoring information including the estimation result on the screen in the form of a graph or a table.

  The user terminal 9 is a client terminal operated by a user (remote monitoring worker), and accesses the remote monitoring server 1 and the like. The remote monitoring server 1 provides the user terminal 9 with a GUI screen (for example, a web page) that displays monitoring information and the like.

  The control device 20 is a control device for a storage battery system, and includes a central master unit 2 and a local monitoring PC 21 in the case of an optional configuration. The local monitoring PC 21 is an apparatus provided when performing local monitoring at a customer base as an optional function in the storage battery state monitoring system. For each customer, the local monitoring PC 21 may be used instead of the remote monitoring server 1, or may not be used, or both may be used. The local monitoring PC 21 has a monitoring processing function similar to the function of the remote monitoring server 1. The local monitoring PC 21 cannot perform remote monitoring, but can use basic monitoring functions such as state estimation, does not require external communication connection, and can be operated closed in the customer base. For example, the local monitoring PC 21 is used when communication with the outside is restricted at the customer base from the viewpoint of security or the like.

  The central master unit 2 is a device that performs overall control of a plurality of base units 3 connected to a lower level, and has a gateway function for communicating with the wide area communication network 90 and a communication interface function with the communication network 70. A gateway device may be provided separately from the central master unit 2. The central master unit 2 communicates with the host remote monitoring server 1 and controls the plurality of master units 3 in accordance with instructions from the remote monitoring server 1. The central master unit 2 acquires measurement data and the like from the plurality of master units 2 through the communication network 70, and transmits them to the remote monitoring server 1 for storage. The central master unit 2 can communicate with a plurality of master units 3 (for example, a maximum of eight units, two in the example of FIG. 2). The communication between the central master unit 2 and the remote monitoring server 1 ensures security while using public mobile communication. The central master unit 2 collects measurement data from lower-level device groups, for example, according to a predetermined schedule set.

  The communication network 70 is, for example, Ethernet (registered trademark), and is, for example, a wired LAN. Through the communication network 70, the central master unit 2, the plurality of master units 3, and the control power supply device 60 are connected and can communicate with each other.

  The plurality of master units 3 and the plurality of slave units (measuring devices) 4 are wirelessly connected through a wireless communication network 80 and can communicate with each other. The wireless communication network 80 is a wireless communication network that complies with, for example, IEEE 802.15.4. The parent device 3 is a wireless communication parent device, and the child device 4 is a wireless communication child device. As the plurality of parent devices 3, for example, two parent devices 3 (ID = P1, P2) are shown. The base unit 3 acquires measurement data and the like from a plurality of subordinate base units 4 and transmits it to the general base unit 2. A wireless communication process is performed between the parent device 3 and the child device 4 using a channel having a set wireless frequency. The base unit 3 can wirelessly communicate with a plurality of (for example, a maximum of 270) slave units 4.

  The plurality of parent devices 3 have a configuration for sharing communication with a plurality (n) of child devices 4. For example, one parent device P1 is responsible for half the number of child devices 4, and the other parent device P2 is responsible for the other half number of child devices 4. Alternatively, the plurality of parent devices 3 may have a multiplexing configuration in which communication with a plurality (n) of child devices 4 is performed in duplicate. For example, one parent device P1 and the other parent device P2 communicate with the same plurality (n) of child devices 4, respectively.

  The storage battery system at the customer base has one or more power supply devices 40 connected to the load 72 in FIG. The power supply device 40 includes a plurality (m pieces) of slave devices (measuring devices) 4 and a storage battery group 50 that is an assembled battery in which a plurality (n pieces) of storage batteries 5 are connected in series. It is connected to the. The storage battery group 50 is connected to the control power supply device 60, and charging / discharging is controlled as described above. A portion including one slave unit 4 and a plurality (number of connections X) of storage batteries 5 is configured as a storage battery device (storage battery with measuring device) 6.

  A plurality (m) of slave units 4 (ID = C1, C2,..., Cm) are the above-described storage battery state measuring devices. The subunit | mobile_unit 4 measures the voltage, temperature, and internal impedance of each connected storage battery 5, memorize | stores measurement data, and transmits to the main | base station 3 by radio | wireless communication. The subunit | mobile_unit 4 always measures a voltage for every time unit, for example for every 100 milliseconds, for example, always measures temperature for every time unit for every second, and hold | maintains each measured value. The subunit | mobile_unit 4 transmits the measurement data of a voltage and temperature to the main | base station 3 at the timing of a period of 5 minutes, for example. Moreover, the subunit | mobile_unit 4 measures an internal impedance based on the instruction | command from the main | base station 3, for example at the timing of a once a day cycle, and transmits measurement data to the main | base station 3. FIG.

  In the devices (host device 10) such as the remote monitoring server 1 and the central master device 2, a system including each device such as the central master device 2, the master device 3, the slave device 4, and the storage battery 5 when the storage battery system at the customer base is installed. Configuration information is set. This configuration information includes information such as the ID (identification information), communication address, number, and type of each device, the number of serial connections and parallel connections of the storage battery 5, the connection relationship, the number of connections X (number of handset cells), and the like. . The setting information includes threshold values (estimation threshold value and determination threshold value) corresponding to the number of connections X. The remote monitoring server 1 and the central master unit 2 grasp the configuration information and synchronize with each other through mutual communication. The remote monitoring server 1 stores configuration information in the DB 100 and updates it when the configuration is changed. The number of handset cells corresponding to the number of connections X is the number of storage batteries 5 (single cell lead storage batteries) connected to the handset 4.

  Each device of this system has a function of grasping the configuration of lower-level devices hierarchically and notifying higher-level devices. For example, the subunit | mobile_unit 4 grasps | ascertains the kind, ID, the number of connections X, etc. of the storage battery 5 connected using the connection number grasping | regulation part 140, and notifies the 1st structure information to the main | base station 3. FIG. The parent device 3 grasps the first configuration information of the child device 4 and notifies the overall parent device 2. The central master unit 2 grasps the configuration information below the master unit 3 and notifies the remote monitoring server 1 of the configuration information. The remote monitoring server 1 grasps the second configuration information of the storage battery system based on the notification from the central master unit 2 and the like.

  The threshold value in the setting information is a threshold value used in processing such as state estimation calculation and life determination in the application of the remote monitoring server 1 (the monitoring application 101 of the host device 10). As this threshold value, there are a plurality of different threshold values depending on the storage battery type and the number of connections X (= 3 or 4). Note that the threshold value, the calculation formula, the program, and the like may be fixed design information in the present system (the monitoring application 101 of the host device 10 or the like) or may be setting information that can be changed as appropriate. The user can check and set various information including the configuration information and setting information on the GUI screen.

[Storage battery status monitoring system (2-2)]
The outline of operation in the storage battery state monitoring system of FIG. 2 is as follows. Basically, operations such as automatic measurement and estimation are realized based on the setting.

  (1) The remote monitoring server 1 communicates from the upper level to the lower level in the order of the central master unit 2, the master unit 3, and the slave unit 4, and transmits settings and commands. It should be noted that various settings can be made through communication from the higher level device 10 (the remote monitoring server 1 or the centralized master unit 2) to the lower level slave unit 4 or the like. In addition, as described above, configuration information can be notified from a device such as the subordinate slave unit 4 to a higher-level device through communication. The subunit | mobile_unit 4 notifies the structure information containing the own connection number X to a high-order apparatus (parent | base_unit 3).

  At the time of installation of the storage battery system, the central master unit 2 grasps the configuration of the storage battery system based on work including setting by the user. The configuration information of the configuration includes information such as the ID and type of each device having a hierarchical connection configuration, the number X of the storage batteries 5 connected to the slave unit 4, the number of series connections and the number of parallel connections of the storage battery group 50, and the like.

  (2) Based on the command or setting from the master unit 3, the slave unit 4 sends measurement data including measured values of the voltage and temperature of the storage battery 5 to the master unit at predetermined time intervals (for example, 5 minutes). 3 to send.

  (3) Moreover, the subunit | mobile_unit 4 is based on the instruction | command (impedance measurement instruction | command) or setting from the main | base station 3 with a predetermined | prescribed period (for example, once a day), for every storage battery 5, for example, two or more types of measurement Each internal impedance is measured using the frequency. The subunit | mobile_unit 4 transmits the measurement data containing the impedance measured value (voltage waveform data) to the main | base station 3. FIG.

  (4) The base unit 3 wirelessly communicates with a plurality of subordinate base units 4 based on the command of the central base unit 2, and measurement data of each parameter (voltage, temperature, and internal impedance) from each base unit 4 To get. The master unit 3 stores the acquired measurement data and transmits it to the central master unit 2.

  (5) Based on the command from the remote monitoring server 1, the central master unit 2 communicates with a plurality of subordinate master units 3 to control the master unit 3 and acquires measurement data from the master unit 3. The central master unit 2 stores the acquired measurement data and transmits it to the remote monitoring server 1.

  (6) The application of the remote monitoring server 1 communicates with the central master unit 2, acquires the measurement data from the central master unit 2, and stores it in the DB 100. At this time, the application may check the number of connections X related to the measurement data based on the configuration information.

  (7) The app of the remote monitoring server 1 performs an estimation process of the discharge capacity (represented by the discharge duration) for each storage battery 5 as one of the remote monitoring processes using the measurement data. At this time, the app of the remote monitoring server 1 confirms the number of connections X for the measurement data, applies a threshold or a calculation formula corresponding to the number of connections X, and performs state estimation calculation. The app estimates the life time of the storage battery 5 from the estimated discharge capacity, and determines the state approaching the life time, the maintenance time, and the like.

  (8) The application of the remote monitoring server 1 stores monitoring information including the estimation result in the DB 100, and configures a GUI screen including the monitoring information. The user can check the state of the storage battery 5 from the user terminal 9 on the GUI screen. Moreover, the application of the remote monitoring server 1 transmits announcement information to the user terminal 9 when a state such as deterioration is detected.

[Connection between slave unit and storage battery]
FIG. 3 shows a connection configuration example of one slave unit (measuring device) 4 and a plurality (number of connections X) of storage batteries 5 and an external configuration example of the storage battery 5. In the first embodiment, one slave unit 4 includes an interface unit 301 that can be connected to a maximum of four storage batteries 5. In the mounting example, three or four storage batteries 5 with the number of connections X are connected to each slave unit 4 in the entire power supply device 40. In the example of FIG. 3, in a slave unit 3 (ID = C1) of a certain storage battery device 6 (ID = D1), three storage batteries 5 (ID = B1, B2, B3) are set as one unit through the interface unit 301. It is connected. A power cable 303 is connected between the negative terminal and the positive terminal of adjacent storage batteries 3 connected in series.

  The interface unit 301 includes a plurality of terminals for connecting a storage battery. The terminal of the interface unit 301 and the positive electrode (+) and negative electrode (−) terminals of the storage battery 5 are connected by a connection line 302. In the connection configuration example of FIG. 3, connection lines 302 are connected to the positive and negative terminals of each storage battery 5, and are connected to corresponding terminals of the interface unit 301. The connection line 302 is also connected to the positive and negative terminals of one unit. In this example, as indicated by a broken line, some terminals of the interface unit 301 are in a disconnected state in which the storage battery 5 is not connected, and the number of connections X = 3.

  In the mounting example of the first embodiment, the storage battery 5 is a single cell type lead storage battery having a voltage of 2V. 2V × 3 = 6V (or 2V × 4 = 8V) is connected to one slave unit 4 as one unit with the number of connections X = 3 (or 4). The subunit | mobile_unit 4 can measure the state for every storage battery 5 of this single cell, and the state in 1 unit. The host device 10 can estimate the state of each single cell storage battery 5 and the state of one unit.

  In another implementation example, the storage battery 5 may be a monoblock type battery having a voltage of 6V or 12V, for example. In that case, one monoblock type storage battery 5 is connected to one slave unit 4.

  The storage battery 5 has a battery case 501 and a lid 502 as an external appearance. The lid 502 includes positive and negative terminals. In the battery case 501, as a known structural example, a positive electrode plate and a negative electrode plate are arranged in a state of being immersed in an electrolytic solution, and are connected to a positive electrode terminal and a negative electrode terminal through a strap. In addition, a temperature sensor may be installed on the surface of the battery case 501 or the lid 502 of the storage battery 5 or a position in the vicinity thereof.

  The slave unit 4 (number-of-connections grasping unit 140) indicates whether or not the storage battery 5 is connected to each terminal of the interface unit 301 through the connection line 302 when activated by turning on the power. It has a function of detecting the presence or absence of a signal. Thereby, the connection number grasping unit 140 grasps the connection number X (the number of child device cells) of the storage battery 5 in the child device 4. Moreover, the subunit | mobile_unit 4 (connection number grasping | ascertainment part 140), when the storage battery 5 is connected with respect to the interface part 301 by an operator, or when the connected storage battery 5 is removed (it disconnected), The state of the number of connections X may be detected in real time.

  In addition, when the structure where the subunit | mobile_unit 4 is connected for every storage battery 5 of a single cell is considered, since the number of the subunit | mobile_units 4 required for the whole system increases, it is disadvantageous from viewpoints, such as cost. Since a large number of slave units 4 must be installed in the casing of the power supply device 40, it is disadvantageous in terms of wiring amount, installation space, radio wave interference, and the like. In the first embodiment, it is advantageous from the viewpoint of cost and the like that the measurement of the plurality of single-cell storage batteries 5 is covered by one slave unit 4.

  In FIG. 3, with respect to the configuration of the measurement connection line 302, the connection line 302 is connected to both the positive terminal and the negative terminal for each storage battery 5. For example, when the adjacent storage battery B1 and storage battery B2 are viewed, the connection line 302 to the negative terminal of the storage battery B1 and the connection line 302 to the positive terminal of the storage battery B2 are provided. Not limited to this, another configuration of the connection line 302 may be as shown in FIG.

  FIG. 4 shows another configuration example related to the connection line 802. In the example of FIG. 4, four single-cell storage batteries 5 are connected to the handset 4 as one unit. In FIG. 4, the connection line 302 is connected to one of the positive electrode terminal and the negative electrode terminal of the adjacent storage battery 5 as the connection line 302 for measuring a voltage or the like. That is, they are grouped into one connection line 302 between adjacent storage batteries 5. For example, in the negative electrode terminal of the storage battery B1 and the positive electrode terminal of the storage battery B2, the connection line 302 is connected only to the negative electrode terminal of the storage battery B1, and is connected to the corresponding terminal of the interface unit 301. In the case of this configuration, for example, the negative electrode potential of the storage battery B1 and the positive electrode potential of the storage battery B2 can be regarded as almost the same and can be measured.

  Note that the connection number grasping unit 140 of the measuring device 4 is not connected to the storage battery 5 (X = 0), or is connected to only one or two storage batteries 5 (X = 1 or The state of 2) may be grasped separately. Even in the state (X = 0, 1 or 2), the measuring device 4 may notify the host device 10 of information including the number of connections X. In this case, the configuration grasping unit 101D of the host device 10 can grasp the state of the number of connections X = 0, 1 or 2 of the measuring device 4 based on the notification.

  Moreover, you may make it as follows as a modification. When the number of connections X = 0, 1 or 2, the measuring device 4 may distinguish and grasp it as a predetermined state (for example, “maintenance” state) other than the state of X = 3 or 4. In the storage battery state monitoring system and the storage battery system of the first embodiment, all the measurement devices 4 and storage battery groups 50 that are normally used are operated as a connection configuration with the number of connections X = 3 or 4. Therefore, the measuring device 4 and the host device 10 grasp, for example, the state of X = 3 (first type) or the state of X = 4 (second type), and grasp these states as, for example, “normal” states. To do. Further, the measurement device 4 and the host device 10 grasp the state of X = 0, 1 or 2 as, for example, the “maintenance” state.

  The GUI unit 101C of the host device 10 outputs information to the user on the GUI screen or the like so that the state (at least the number of connections X) and the configuration of each measuring device 10 and the storage battery 5 of the storage battery system (power supply device 40) can be understood. To do. The user can perform system maintenance operation while recognizing the state and configuration.

[Power supply]
FIG. 5 shows a configuration example of the power supply device 40, and shows an arrangement configuration example of the plurality of storage batteries 5 and the slave units 4 (only one unit as an example) in the casing of the power supply device 40. The casing of the power supply device 40 is composed of a frame 501, a flat plate 502, members such as side walls and doors (not shown). The flat plate 502 can have a multi-stage configuration in the height direction (Z direction). A plurality of storage batteries 5 can be arranged on the flat plate 502. In this example, on one flat plate 502, 5 × 4 = 20 storage batteries 5 are arranged in one row in the X direction as viewed from the front and four rows in the Y direction as viewed from the side. . One subunit | mobile_unit 4 is connected through the connection line 302 by making the some storage battery 5 (for example, X = 4 pieces) into 1 unit. The installation position of the subunit | mobile_unit 4 is the side surface or upper surface of any storage battery 5, for example. Not only this but the installation position of the subunit | mobile_unit 4 is good also as either position of the housing | casing of the power supply device 40. FIG.

[Comparative example: Connection configuration]
FIG. 10 shows a configuration example of the connection relationship between the devices in the storage battery state monitoring system of the comparative example with respect to the first embodiment. FIG. 10A illustrates a connection configuration example of the host device 910, the plurality of parent devices 903, and the power supply device 940. The power supply device 940 has one or more units. In FIG. 10A, for example, a maximum of 12 parent devices 903 can be connected to one host device 910. All the measuring apparatuses 904 have either a connection configuration with the number of connections X = 3 or a connection configuration with X = 4, and cannot be mixed.

  Further, FIG. 10B shows a first configuration example including a connection between the parent device 903 and a plurality of child devices (measuring devices) 904 and a connection between the child device 904 and the plurality of storage batteries 905. FIG. 10C shows a similar second configuration example. The first configuration example in FIG. 10B is a case where the number of connections X = 4. In all the slave units 904, four single cell lead storage batteries connected in series are connected as one unit to one slave unit 904. The subunit | mobile_unit 904 is electrically connected through the connection line with respect to the positive electrode terminal and negative electrode terminal of the both ends of 1 unit (= 4 cells). The slave unit 904 can measure voltage, temperature, and internal impedance in one unit. Based on the measurement data from the measurement device 904, the host device 910 uses a fixed threshold value and a calculation formula based on one unit of X = 4 to estimate the state of discharge capacity and the like in one unit and determine the lifetime. It is carried out. About the state of the storage battery 905 of 1 cell, it is restricted to the rough estimation based on the state of 1 unit.

  The second configuration example of FIG. 10C is a case where the number of connections X = 3. In all the slave units 904, three single cell lead storage batteries connected in series are connected to one slave unit 904 as one unit. Similarly, based on the measurement data, the host device 910 performs state estimation calculation such as discharge capacity in one unit using a fixed threshold and a calculation formula based on one unit of X = 3.

  In the comparative example, the configuration of either the first configuration example (B) or the second configuration example (C) is adopted as the implementation. In the host device 10, a fixed threshold value or the like of any configuration is set in advance. The application of the host device 910 uses a threshold value, a calculation formula, or the like corresponding to either X = 3 or 4 on the premise of the measurement value of 1 unit of X = 3 or 4 for the measurement data acquired from the slave unit 904. Then, the estimation calculation process of the state of one unit is performed. Therefore, if the two types of connection number X (= 3, 4) of the slave units 904 are mixed, the app of the host device 910 cannot perform an accurate estimation calculation, and the estimation accuracy decreases. For example, when a threshold value or the like based on X = 4 is used for measurement data of the slave unit 904 with X = 3, accurate estimation calculation cannot be performed.

[Connection configuration]
FIG. 6 shows a configuration example of the connection relationship between the devices in the storage battery state monitoring system of the first embodiment. FIG. 6A shows a configuration example of connection of the host device 10, the plurality of parent devices 3, and the power supply device 40. FIG. 6B shows a configuration example including connection between the parent device 3 and a plurality of child devices (measuring devices) 4 and connection between the child device 4 and the plurality of storage batteries 5. FIG. 6C shows possible patterns as the total number of storage batteries of the storage battery system (power supply device 40).

  In FIG. 6A, in the storage battery state monitoring system and storage battery system of the first embodiment, for example, a maximum of eight units are provided for one host device 10 (remote monitoring server 1, central master unit 2 etc. in FIG. 2). Master unit 3 (ID = P1 to P8) can be connected. One or more power supply devices 40 can be connected to the plurality of master units 3. Each measuring device 4 of the power supply device 40 can have a connection configuration with the number of connections X = 3 or 4, and these two types can be mixed.

  In FIG. 6B, for example, a maximum of 270 slave units 4 (ID = C1 to Cm) can be connected to and controlled with respect to one master unit 3. One slave unit 4 is connected to a storage battery 5 (single cell lead storage battery) having the number of connections X = 3 or X = 4. For example, the storage battery 5 (B1 to B3) with X = 3 is connected to the child device C1, and the storage battery 5 (B4 to B7) with X = 4 is connected to the child device C2.

  The host device 10 performs a state estimation calculation process or the like according to the number of connections X of the slave units 4 based on the measurement data from the slave units 4 and the grasped configuration information. The host device 10 confirms whether the number of connections X = 3 or 4 for the measurement data acquired from the slave unit 4. The host device 10 performs a calculation for estimating a state such as a discharge capacity for each storage battery 5 using a threshold value, a calculation formula (corresponding program), or the like corresponding to the number of connections X for the measurement data. In addition, the high-order apparatus 10 can also perform the calculation which estimates the state in 1 unit of the subunit | mobile_unit 4. FIG.

  In the monitoring application 101 of the host apparatus 10, for example, a threshold value and calculation formula when X = 3 and a threshold value and calculation formula when X = 4 are set in advance. Reference thresholds and calculation formulas are referred to. Specifically, the threshold value and the calculation formula have different threshold values and calculation formulas depending on the storage battery type, the number of connections X, the number of series connections, the number of parallel connections, and the like.

  In FIG. 6C, in the storage battery state monitoring system and the storage battery system of the first embodiment, the number of connections X can be 3 or 4. Therefore, various patterns are possible as the connection configuration that realizes the total number of storage batteries including the combination of X = 3 and 4. The total number of storage batteries is selected according to the power required for the storage battery system at the customer base. At that time, the total number of storage batteries that can be realized with this pattern can be selected. Corresponding to the pattern to be selected, a combination of the number of connections X between the slave unit 4 and the storage battery 5 is employed. In this system, compared to the comparative example of FIG. 10, there are many patterns that can be used, the total number of storage batteries that can be realized is large, and the degree of freedom is high. In this system, it is easy to correspond to the total number of various storage batteries and electric power corresponding to the requirements, and flexible and diverse mounting and operation are possible.

  In this system, the following is mentioned as a pattern which implement | achieves the storage battery total number (it is set as Y) of a series connection. First, in the comparative example and the first embodiment, when the storage battery system is configured using only the connection configuration with the connection number X = 3, the storage battery total number Y is set to a triple number {3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21,24,27,30,33,36,39,42,45,48, ...} are possible. Similarly, when the storage battery system is configured using only the connection configuration with the number of connections X = 4, the storage battery total number Y is 4 times {4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24, 28, 32, 36, 40, 44,48, ...} is possible. For example, when considering the number of single-cell lead-acid batteries connected in series up to 50, the number of patterns that can be tripled is 16, and the number of patterns that can be quadrupled is 12.

  In the comparative example, the total number Y of storage batteries that can be realized by a triple or quadruple is as follows within the range of the number of series connections = 50. Y = 3,4,6,8,9,12,15,16,18,20,21,24,27,28,30,32,33,36,39,40,42,44,45, or 48 . The number of Y is 24.

  Further, in the comparative example, the total number Y of storage batteries that cannot be realized in the case of only the number of connections X = 3 is 48-16 in the range of the number of series connections = 3-50, except as a multiple of 3 (a non-triple number). There are 32 patterns. Other than triples: {4,5,7,8,10,11,13,14,16,17,19,20,22,23,25,26,28,29,31,32,34,35,37 , 38,40,41,43,44,46,47,49,50, ……}. In addition, in the case of only the number of connections X = 4, the total number of storage batteries Y that cannot be realized is 48-16 = 36 as a number other than four times (non-four times number) within the range of the number of series connections = 3-50. There is a pattern. Other than quadruple: {5,6,7,9,10,11,13,14,15,17,18,19,21,22,23,25,26,27,29,30,31,33,34 , 35,37,38,39,41,42,43,45,46,47,49,50, ……}. In the comparative example, the number of patterns that cannot be realized as the total number of storage batteries Y is 48-24 = 24. Total number of storage batteries Y that cannot be realized: {5,7,10,11,13,14,17,19,22,23,25,26,29,31,34,35,37,38,41,43,46,47 , 49,50, ……}.

  On the other hand, in the first embodiment, a combination of the slave unit 4 with the number of connections X = 3 and the slave unit 4 with the number of connections X = 4 is possible. Thereby, for example, when considering within the range of the number of serial connections = 3 to 50, most patterns of the total number of storage batteries Y can be realized, and the total number of storage batteries Y = 5 that cannot be realized is only 47. It is. For example, the following combinations are possible. Y = 7 (= 3 + 4), Y = 10 (= 3 + 3 + 4), Y = 11 (= 3 + 4 + 4), Y = 13 (= 3 + 3 + 3 + 4), Y = 14 (= 3 + 3 + 4 + 4), Y = 17 (= 3 + 3 + 3 + 4 + 4), Y = 19 (= 3 + 4 + 4 + 4 + 4), Y = 22 (= 3 + 3 + 4 + 4 + 4 + 4).

  As described above, in the first embodiment, most of the total number of storage batteries Y can be handled by a combination of multiples of 3 and 4. Compared to the case of the comparative example, in the first embodiment, the total number Y of compatible storage batteries greatly increases, and the degree of freedom regarding the system configuration is high.

[Comparative example: Power supply connection configuration]
FIG. 11 shows a connection configuration example of the storage battery group in the power supply device 940 of the comparative example. In the case of the power supply device 940, a configuration example is shown in which a storage battery group with the number of series connections (the number of series cells) = 54 is arranged in three stages of an upper stage, a middle stage, and a lower stage. In addition, it is a case where there is no parallel connection of an assembled battery. All the measuring devices 904 and storage batteries 905 are configured such that a single measuring device 904 has X = 3 single-cell lead storage batteries connected as one unit. In the case of a storage battery system with a total number of storage batteries Y = 54 when the number of series connections = 54 (voltage: 54 × 2 V = 108 V), a case where it can be realized by 3 cells × 18 groups is shown.

  In the conventional storage battery system of the mounting example, the storage battery group may be arranged in multiple stages in the power supply device 940 as in this example. In this case, in one stage, the plurality of storage batteries 905 are not necessarily neatly accommodated in a group of three or four storage batteries 905, and a group of three or four storage batteries 905 is arranged in two stages. You may need to connect across the bridge.

  In the example of FIG. 11, for example, on the upper flat plate (XY plane), 5 rows in 4 rows and 5 × 4 = 20 storage batteries 905 (ID = B1 to B20) are arranged in series connection. Has been. Similarly, in the middle stage, 5 × 4 = 20 storage batteries 905 (ID = B21 to B40) are arranged in series connection. In the lower stage, 4 × 3 + 2 = 14 storage batteries 905 (ID = B41 to B54) are arranged in series. Adjacent storage batteries 905 are connected by a power cable (black solid line) between negative and positive terminals.

  For example, in the upper stage, a group is formed for each of the storage batteries 905 with the number of connections X = 3, and a measuring device (child device) 904 is connected. For example, the storage batteries B1, B2, and B3 are configured as a group # 1, and the child device C1 is connected. For example, storage batteries B19, B20, B21 constitute one group # 7 and are connected to one measuring device 903 (slave device C7). In this group # 7, the storage batteries B19 and B20 on the upper stage and the storage battery B21 on the middle stage are divided and arranged across the stages. Further, the storage batteries B40, B41, B42 constitute one group # 14 and are connected to one measuring device 904 (slave device C14). In this group # 14, the storage battery B40 in the middle stage and the storage batteries B41 and B42 in the lower stage are divided and arranged across the stages.

  In the comparative example, when it is desired to set the total number of storage batteries Y = 54, it can be realized only by the configuration of 3 cells × 18 groups as described above, but cross-stage connection is necessary. When a connection of X = 4 is used, 2 cells are left in 4 cells × 13 groups = 52, which cannot be realized.

  Thus, when connected across steps, wiring of a harness or the like for connection between one measuring device 904 and a plurality of (for example, three) storage batteries 905 becomes long. As a result, the amount of noise induced by the wiring increases. For example, when measuring the internal impedance of the storage battery 905, the noise may affect the measurement accuracy. For example, the impedance measurement value of the storage battery 5 (B19, B20, B21) of the group # 7 includes an impedance corresponding to the wiring with the child device C7, resulting in an error. As the wiring becomes longer, the error of the impedance measurement value due to electromagnetic induction becomes larger and the accuracy becomes lower. For this reason, it is desirable that such a cross-stage connection, in other words, a connection with a long distance between the storage batteries 905 be as few or as few as possible.

  In the system of the comparative example, a mixed configuration of a group of three storage batteries 905 and a group of four storage batteries 905 is not allowed, and monitoring control in such a configuration cannot be realized. The application configuration of the host device 910 has setting information such as a fixed threshold value corresponding to the premise of the connection configuration of either the number of connections X = 3 or 4. The host device 910 performs state estimation calculation processing and the like on all measurement data by applying the fixed threshold value and the like. When the configurations of X = 3 and X = 4 coexist, for example, a threshold value of X = 4 is applied to measurement data of X = 3, and accurate state estimation calculation or the like cannot be performed.

[Power supply connection configuration]
FIG. 7 shows a connection configuration example of the storage battery group 50 of the power supply device 40 in the first embodiment. In the casing of the power supply device 40, the storage battery group 50 having the number of series connections (the number of series cells) = 54 (voltage: 2 V × 54 = 108 V) and the total number of storage batteries Y = 54 is divided into three stages: an upper stage, a middle stage, and a lower stage. A configuration example in the case of arrangement is shown. A configuration example of the storage battery system (power supply device 40) is a case where a 100V DC power supply is used, and a configuration where the assembled batteries are not connected in parallel (the number of parallel connections = 1). A case where the connection configuration of 12 groups (# 1 to # 12) with the number of connections X = 4 and the connection configuration of two groups (# 13, # 14) with X = 3 is realized. (4 × 12 + 3 × 2 = 54).

  In the upper stage, four cells with the number of connections X = 4 are regarded as one group, and five groups (# 1 to # 5) of storage batteries 5 (B1 to B20) and corresponding slave units 4 (C1 to C5) are provided. Similarly, the middle stage includes five groups (# 6 to # 10) of storage batteries 5 (B21 to B40) and corresponding slave units 4 (C6 to C10), where X = 4 is one group. In the lower stage, there are two groups # 11 and # 12 with X = 4 and two groups # 13 and # 14 with X = 3, and 2 × 4 + 2 × 3 = 14 storage batteries 5 (B41 to B54). And the corresponding handset 4 (C11 to C14).

  Thus, in Embodiment 1, the plurality of storage batteries 5 in the power supply device 40 are divided into groups for each stage, and can be connected to the slave unit 4 without connection across the stages. Therefore, the wiring (connection line 302) such as a harness for connecting the child device 4 and the plurality of storage batteries 5 is short, and the amount of noise induced by the wiring is correspondingly reduced. When the measuring device 4 measures the internal impedance of the storage battery 5, the influence of the noise is reduced, so that the measurement accuracy can be ensured or improved as compared with the comparative example. In Embodiment 1, since the freedom degree of the combination of the connection structure of the subunit | mobile_unit 4 and the storage battery 5 is high, even when setting it as the other various structures regarding the storage battery total number Y, at least step crossing connection can be minimized. The wiring length can be shortened.

  For example, even when 19 storage batteries 5 are arranged in one stage, it can be configured as 4 cells × 4 groups + 3 cells × 1 group = 19. Even when 21 storage batteries 5 are arranged in one stage, for example, it can be configured as 4 cells × 3 + 3 cells × 3 = 21. As described above, most of the plurality of storage batteries 5 arranged close to each other can be realized by a combination of 3 and 4. This eliminates the need for cross-step connection.

  As described above, in the storage battery state monitoring system according to the first embodiment, the measurement device 4 and the plurality of storage batteries 5 are considered in consideration that most combinations of the storage battery total number Y can be accommodated by combining 3 and 4 as the connection number X. The structure including the connection with is designed. This system can be suitably applied in the case where a DC power supply device or the like is used as the control power supply device 60, and in most cases where the number of series-connected storage batteries 5 of the storage battery group 50 is a combination of multiples of 3 and 4.

  In the storage battery state monitoring system of the first embodiment, monitoring control corresponding to the configuration can be realized even in the case of a storage battery system in which 3 cells and 4 cells are mixed. For example, in the central master unit 2, configuration information such as the number of connections X, the number of series connections, the number of parallel connections, and the like for each slave unit 4 is set as installation data when the storage battery system is installed at the customer base. Then, the installation data is transmitted from the central master unit 2 to the remote monitoring server 1. The remote monitoring server 1 acquires the configuration information of the installation data and sets it in the DB 100. The host device 10 manages configuration information including a mixture of the number of connections X in the storage battery system.

  For this reason, in this system, the measurement data measured by the slave unit 4 and transferred to the upper level device 10 matches the configuration information and setting information managed by the higher level device 10. The host device 10 can check the number of connections X of the storage batteries 5 of the handset 4 based on the configuration information based on the measurement data acquired from the lower device. The host device 10 performs a state estimation calculation process or the like using a threshold or a calculation formula corresponding to the number of connections X or the like.

  Note that the confirmation and determination of the number of connections X in the measurement device 4 and the host device 10 may be performed as follows, for example.

  (1) As one method, the subunit | mobile_unit 4 does not describe the information of the number of connections X in the measurement data in itself. The higher-level device 10 refers to and confirms attribute information such as the ID of the transmission source child device 4 for the measurement data received and acquired from the lower-level device. The host device 10 refers to the second configuration information from the ID of the transmission source child device 4 and confirms the connection number X of the child device 4 and the ID of the storage battery 5. The host device 10 performs a state estimation calculation process and the like with reference to a threshold value and a calculation formula corresponding to the number of connections X of the slave units 4 = 3 or 4.

  (2) As another method, the handset 4 describes information on the number of connections X = 3 or 4 in its own measurement data. The host device 10 confirms information such as the ID of the slave device 4 that is the transmission source, the number of connections X, and the ID of the storage battery 5 from the described information with respect to the measurement data received and acquired from the lower device. The host device 10 performs a state estimation calculation process and the like with reference to a threshold value and a calculation formula corresponding to the number of connections X of the slave units 4 = 3 or 4.

[Configuration Information]
FIG. 8 shows a table as an example of configuration information managed by the higher-level device 10 (configuration grasping unit 101D). For example, when the storage battery system (power supply device 40) is installed, the central master unit 2 and the remote monitoring server 1 set the configuration information of such a table, and share and hold the contents in synchronization.

  The table in FIG. 8A shows a connection configuration portion between the parent device 3 and the child device 4 as an example of the configuration information. This table includes, as columns, a general master device ID, a master device ID, a slave device ID, a group ID, the number of connections X, and the like. The group ID can be omitted. For example, a master unit 2 indicated by ID = P1 is connected to a general master unit 2 indicated by ID = “1001”, and a slave unit 4 indicated by ID = C1 to C14 is connected to the master unit P1. Yes. In each of the slave units C1 to C14, 3 (first type) or 4 (second type) is set as the connection number X.

  The table in FIG. 8B shows a connection configuration part between the slave unit 4 and the storage battery 5 as an example of the configuration information. This table has a handset ID, a storage battery ID, a storage battery type, a storage battery position, and the like as columns. For example, a storage battery 5 that is a lead battery of four single cells indicated by ID = B1 to B4 is connected as one unit to a certain slave unit 4 indicated by ID = C1. The storage battery type = A indicates a single cell lead storage battery (for example, the voltage is 2 V). The storage battery position indicates information for identifying the position where the storage battery is installed in the power supply device 40. For example, the identification of the upper, middle, and lower stages of FIG. 7, the position in the X direction (1 to 5), and the position in the Y direction (A to D) are shown.

  The table in FIG. 8C shows a schematic configuration example of measurement data and state estimation result information. This table has a handset ID, a storage battery ID, a voltage, a temperature, an impedance, a discharge capacity, a state, and the like. Although not shown, the measurement data is accompanied by information such as measurement date and time in time series. In detail, measurement values such as voltage, temperature, impedance, etc. are linked to information in another file (address) and have measurement values for each measurement date and time. Information on the state estimation result is stored in the discharge capacity and state columns. For example, when the estimated discharge capacity (discharge duration) is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold, it is determined as a “normal” state, and when it is less than the threshold, it is determined as a “degraded” state.

  In the storage battery state monitoring system according to the first embodiment, for example, the higher-level device 10 (the remote monitoring server 1, the central master unit 2, etc.) holds configuration information such as (A) and (B) in FIG. . For example, when the remote monitoring server 1 acquires measurement data from a certain slave unit 4 (for example, the slave unit C1), the connection number X of the slave unit C1 is 4 from the configuration information as shown in FIG. It can be confirmed that there is. Therefore, the remote monitoring server 1 can perform a state estimation calculation process or the like using a calculation formula or threshold corresponding to X = 4.

[Slave unit (measuring device)]
FIG. 9 shows a detailed configuration example of the slave unit (measuring device) 4 in the first embodiment. The slave unit 4 includes a measurement circuit for measuring each parameter (voltage, temperature, internal impedance). The subunit | mobile_unit 4 is provided with the microcomputer 41, the antenna 42, the V / I conversion part 43, the regulator 44, the multiplexer 45, the differential amplifier 46, AC differential amplifier 47, the temperature sensor 411, the temperature sensor 412 grade | etc.,. In the slave unit 4, a measurement function for each parameter and the configuration grasping unit 140 shown in FIG. In the connection configuration example of FIG. 9, a single battery 4 is connected as a single unit with storage batteries 5 (ID = B1 to B4) that are four single-cell lead storage batteries connected in series. The connection configuration example of FIG. 9 corresponds to FIG. 4 described above. Each storage battery 5 is connected to the interface unit 301 through each connection line 302 as in FIG. 4. In addition, when the three storage batteries 5 are connected as 1 unit, it becomes a structure which does not use some circuits (for example, AC differential amplifier # 4) in the measuring apparatus 4. FIG.

  The microcomputer 41 includes a DAC 401, a memory 402, an RF unit 403, an ADC 404 and the like in addition to a known CPU. The DAC 401 is a digital / analog converter. The ADC 404 is an analog / digital converter. The memory 402 is a nonvolatile memory or the like, and stores measurement data, configuration information, and the like. The RF unit 403 is a radio frequency (RF) unit connected to the antenna 42, and performs communication processing at the wireless communication interface of the wireless communication network 80 using the antenna 42. The RF unit 403 is mounted on-board (built in the microcomputer 41). The antenna 42 is mounted in the housing of the child device 4 using a pattern antenna.

  When measuring the internal impedance, the microcomputer 41 uses the DAC 401 to generate, for example, each sine wave voltage waveform 421 at two measurement frequencies in order. Further, the microcomputer 41 sequentially selects the storage battery 5 to be measured under the control of the multiplexer 45 when measuring the voltage.

  The V / I converter 43 is a voltage / current converter, receives the sine wave voltage waveform 421 of the measurement frequency from the ADC 401, converts the sine wave voltage waveform 421 into a current, and outputs it as a current waveform. The output line of the V / I conversion unit 43 is connected to the positive terminal of one unit of the storage battery 5 (the first storage battery B1) through the corresponding terminal of the interface unit 301 and the connection line 302. The negative terminal of one block of the storage batteries 5 (fourth storage battery B4 of them) is grounded (GND) through the connection line 302 and the corresponding terminals of the interface unit 301. The current waveform at the measurement frequency flows in common to the four storage batteries 5 of one unit.

  In Embodiment 1, the subunit | mobile_unit 4 uses the electric power of the storage battery 5 connected to self as an internal power supply for own operation | movement. The positive terminal of one unit of the storage battery 5 is connected to the regulator 44 through a corresponding terminal of the interface unit 301. The electric power input from the storage battery 5 through the regulator 44 and output as a constant voltage is used as the internal power supply of the child device 4.

  The multiplexer 45 is composed of a plurality of (for example, two) multiplexer circuits (MUX1, MUX2). Each multiplexer circuit outputs one selected from a plurality of inputs based on control from the microcomputer 41. The multiplexer 45 is connected to the input terminal side of each unit of the storage battery 5 through the corresponding terminal of the interface unit 301 and the like. The multiplexer 45 is connected to the input terminal of the differential amplifier 46 on the output terminal side. For example, the first multiplexer circuit MUX1 has four input terminals connected to the positive terminals of the four storage batteries 5 (B1 to B4). The second multiplexer circuit MUX2 has four input terminals connected to the negative terminals of the four storage batteries 5 (B1 to B4). The output terminal of the first multiplexer circuit MUX1 and the output terminal of the second multiplexer circuit MUX2 are connected to the two input terminals of the differential amplifier 46. Depending on the selection state of the multiplexer 45, one of the four storage batteries 5 of one unit or a plurality (two, three, or four) of storage batteries 5 connected in series can be selected. Then, the voltage across the terminals of the selected storage battery 5 can be input to the differential amplifier 46.

  One output terminal of the differential amplifier 46 is connected to the ADC 404. The differential amplifier 46 amplifies the difference between the two signals from the multiplexer 45 and outputs it as a voltage between terminals of the storage battery 5 to be measured (represented by voltage Vi).

  The ADC 404 receives the analog voltage Vi from the differential amplifier 46 and converts it to a digital voltage value by analog-digital conversion. The microcomputer 41 stores the measured voltage value, which is this voltage value, in the memory 402.

  The AC differential amplifier 47 includes a plurality (four) of AC differential amplifiers 47 (# 1 to # 4) (AC: alternating current). Each AC differential amplifier 47 has an input terminal side connected to one corresponding storage battery 5 (B1 to B4) in one unit. For example, the two input terminals of the fourth AC differential amplifier 47 (# 4) are connected to the positive and negative terminals of the fourth storage battery B4 through the corresponding terminals of the interface unit 301 and the like. The output terminal of each AC differential amplifier 47 is connected to the ADC 404. Each AC differential amplifier 47 inputs a voltage waveform 423 corresponding to the response current waveform at the measurement frequency from the positive and negative terminals of the corresponding storage battery 5. The AC differential amplifier 46 outputs the voltage signal of the impedance response waveform 422 at the measurement frequency from the output terminal based on the difference between the inputs of the two current signals.

  The ADC 404 receives the analog voltage signal of the impedance response waveform 422 from each AC differential amplifier 47, converts it to a digital voltage value by analog-digital conversion (sampling), and sets it as an impedance measurement value. The microcomputer 41 stores the impedance measurement value data in the memory 402. The microcomputer 41 (or the host device 10) calculates the internal impedance of the target storage battery 5 based on the impedance measurement value data.

  The temperature sensor 411 always measures the environmental temperature in the environment where the handset 4 is installed. The microcomputer 41 inputs a temperature measurement value (referred to as T0) from the temperature sensor 411 and stores it in the memory 402. In addition, at least one temperature sensor 412 is installed in the vicinity of one unit of the plurality of storage batteries 5. The temperature sensor 412 constantly measures the near temperature at the position near the storage battery 5. The microcomputer 41 inputs the temperature measurement value (referred to as Ti) of the temperature sensor 412 and stores it in the memory 402.

  The memory 402 has, as measurement data, a voltage measurement value, a temperature measurement value, and an impedance measurement value for each storage battery 5 (B1 to B4), for example, in time series of measurement date and time. The microcomputer 41 transmits measurement data including measurement values of each parameter for each storage battery 5 to the parent device 3 through wireless communication processing by the RF unit 403.

  The positive and negative terminals of the first storage battery B1 are connected to the storage battery connection terminals of the interface unit 301, for example, the terminals t2 and t3, through the connection line 302. In that case, the presence of input electric signals from these terminals t2 and t3 can be detected by the microcomputer 41 through the differential amplifier 46 or the AC operation amplifier 47. Therefore, the microcomputer 41 can detect whether the storage battery 5 is connected to the position of each terminal of the interface unit 301. Therefore, the microcomputer 41 can grasp the connection number X of the storage batteries 5.

[GUI screen]
Various information including setting information, configuration information, measurement data, monitoring information and the like stored in the DB 100 can be displayed on the GUI screen output by the remote monitoring server 1 or the like. On the screen, for example, as monitoring information, for each storage battery system and storage battery 5 (ID), the measured values of voltage, temperature, and internal impedance, the state of estimated discharge capacity, life time, etc. are displayed in a table, graph, etc. Can be displayed. In addition, on the screen, configuration information including the hierarchical connection configuration of the storage battery system and the number of connections X for each slave unit 4 can be displayed. Also, announcement information such as maintenance time can be output not only on the screen but also by e-mail notification or the like. In the screen and announcement information, it is possible to output not only the estimated life time of the storage battery 5 but also a recommended maintenance time as a time before reaching the life. The user can know the life time and maintenance time of the storage battery 5 in advance, and the maintenance response becomes easy.

[Effects]
As described above, according to the storage battery state monitoring system of the first embodiment, the degree of freedom of the connection configuration between the measuring device 4 and the plurality of storage batteries 5 in the storage battery system can be increased, and the total number of storage batteries and the freedom of electric power thereby can be increased. The degree can be increased, and more accurate measurement and state estimation can be performed. According to this system, the combination of the number of connections X = 3 or 4 can cope with most of the total number of storage batteries, etc., can avoid connection across steps, reduce wiring noise, and ensure or improve measurement accuracy.

  In the storage battery state monitoring system of the first embodiment, as described above, the measuring device (child device) 4 and the host device 10 (the parent device 3, the central parent device 2, the remote monitoring server 1, etc.) = Has a function of grasping the configuration of 3 or 4. At least when the storage battery system is installed, the host device 10 sets configuration information that permits mixing of X = 3 or 4 as configuration information. Furthermore, even when the configuration of the number of connections X is changed during operation of the storage battery system, the configuration information is updated based on the inter-device communication. The measurement data in each slave unit 4 is consistent with the configuration information and setting information of the host device 10 in terms of the number of connections X and the like. For example, the remote monitoring server 1 can confirm the number of connections X and the like based on the measurement data from the slave unit 4 and the configuration information, and calculate the state estimation using a threshold value and a calculation formula corresponding to the number of connections X. Processing is possible. Therefore, the host device 10 can accurately and accurately estimate the state of each storage battery 5.

  In the storage battery state monitoring system of the first embodiment, since the number of connections X = 3 or 4 can be mixed, it is possible to deal with the following maintenance operation examples, and the maintainability is good. Initially, in a certain measuring device 4, it is assumed that, for example, four single-cell lead-acid batteries are connected with the number of connections X = 4. Of these four storage batteries 5, when the deterioration of one storage battery 5 is detected, the one storage battery 5 is removed. Thereby, the measuring device 4 is temporarily connected to the three storage batteries 5. At this time, in this system, the measurement device 4 is grasped as the number of connections X = 3, and the configuration information is updated. In this system, the measurement device 4 and the three storage batteries 5 can be continuously operated. Thereafter, when one new storage battery 5 is connected to the measuring device 4 in maintenance / replacement work, the number of connections X is returned to 4 and the configuration information is updated.

  In the storage battery state monitoring system according to the first embodiment, the number of connections X of the storage batteries 5 of the handset 4 is designed to be 3 or 4 in consideration of cost-effectiveness, operating voltage, and the like. Other connection numbers X are possible. For example, the number of connections X = 2 or 3 may be used. The number of connections X may be 1 or 2. The number of connections X = 5 may be possible. The number of connections X may be three or more.

  The following is also possible as a storage battery state monitoring system of another embodiment (modification). As a modified system, the central master unit 2 in FIG. 2 and a plurality of master units 3 may be connected via a wireless communication network. A plurality of parent devices 3 and a plurality of child devices 4 in FIG. 2 may be connected via a wired communication network. In addition, the three-layer configuration including the central master unit 2, the master unit 3, and the slave unit 4 is used. However, the configuration is not limited thereto, and a multi-layer configuration (for example, two layers or four layers) may be used. The measuring device 4 and the host device 10 may be integrated into one device.

  As a modified system, a part of the measurement processing in the measurement device (slave device) 4 is performed by the host device 10 (the remote monitoring server 1, the master device 2, or the parent device 3). Also good. Further, a part of the estimation processing and the like in the host device 10 (the remote monitoring server 1, the central master unit 2, or the master unit 3) may be performed by the measurement device (slave unit) 4. Moreover, the subunit | mobile_unit 4 may be divided and comprised by a measuring apparatus and a communication apparatus.

  In other embodiments, the storage battery 5 is not limited to a lead storage battery, and other types of storage batteries can be applied. Moreover, you may add to the measuring apparatus 4 the function to measure the electric current value of the storage battery 5, the function to calculate direct-current resistance value, etc. Further, the measurement data stored in the memory or the external storage of the measurement device 4 may be manually read out and acquired by the user when necessary.

  Although the present invention has been specifically described above based on the embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the invention.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 4 ... Measuring apparatus (storage battery state measuring apparatus), 5 ... Storage battery, 10 ... Host apparatus (monitoring processing apparatus), 40 ... Power supply apparatus, 50 ... Storage battery group, 60 ... Control power supply apparatus, 61 ... Charge / discharge control part, 71 ... Commercial power supply (electric power system), 72 ... load, 73 ... electric generator, 101 ... monitoring application, 102 ... communication network, 101A ... measurement data acquisition unit, 101B ... discharge capacity estimation unit, 101C ... GUI unit, 101D ... configuration grasping unit 140 ... connection number grasping unit, X ... number of connections.

Claims (8)

A plurality of measuring devices connected to the storage battery group;
A host device connected to the plurality of measuring devices;
With
The plurality of measuring devices are allowed to mix a first type measuring device to which a first number of storage batteries are connected as a predetermined number of connections and a second type measuring device to which a second number of storage batteries are connected,
Each measuring device of the plurality of measuring devices,
Grasping the first configuration information including the number of connections,
For each target storage battery of the number of connected storage batteries, obtain measurement data including measured values of voltage and internal impedance,
The host device is
Ascertaining second configuration information including the number of connections of each of the measuring devices;
Calculation for obtaining the measurement data from the measurement device, confirming the number of connections related to the measurement data, and estimating a state including a discharge capacity for each target storage battery using setting information according to the number of connections Process,
Storage battery status monitoring system. In the storage battery state monitoring system according to claim 1,
In the connection number, the first number is 3, the second number is 4,
As the total number of storage batteries in the storage battery group, a number by a combination of 3 times and 4 times is possible.
Storage battery status monitoring system. In the storage battery state monitoring system according to claim 1,
The measurement device notifies the host device of the first configuration information including the number of connections;
The higher-order device updates the second configuration information based on the first configuration information.
Storage battery status monitoring system. In the storage battery state monitoring system according to claim 1,
The measurement device describes information including the number of connections in the measurement data,
The host device confirms information including the number of connections described in the measurement data.
Storage battery status monitoring system. In the storage battery state monitoring system according to claim 1,
The setting information has different thresholds depending on the number of connections.
Storage battery status monitoring system. In the storage battery state monitoring system according to claim 1,
The measuring device is
An interface unit having a plurality of terminals for connecting the number of connected storage batteries; a corresponding terminal of the plurality of terminals of the interface unit; and a positive electrode for each storage battery of the number of connected storage batteries or A connection line connects between at least one terminal of the negative electrode,
Grasping the number of connections based on the presence or absence of an input electrical signal through the corresponding terminal of the interface unit;
Storage battery status monitoring system. In the storage battery state monitoring system according to claim 1,
A device equipped with the storage battery group and the plurality of measuring devices,
The storage battery group has an assembled battery in which a plurality of storage batteries are connected in series,
In the assembled battery, positive and negative terminals are connected to a control power supply, and discharge to a load is controlled through the control power supply.
Storage battery status monitoring system. In the storage battery state monitoring system according to claim 1,
The storage battery is a lead storage battery,
Storage battery status monitoring system.

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