JP2019186729A - Antenna and measuring probe - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a technique which, at the measurement of a radio module output signal, can perform antenna measurement without an additional process and equipment for radiation suppression.SOLUTION: An antenna includes at least one conductor layer which includes a ground conductor, a power supply part, a power supply conductor, a first conductor and a second conductor. The ground conductor is connected to the power supply part which is a linear conductor, whose one end is connected to the power supply part, whereas the other end is an open end, and at least the other end is arranged to be coupled with the first conductor. The second conductor connects the ground conductor to the first conductor. The power supply conductor is arranged to be sandwiched by at least one of the ground conductor or the first conductor.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to an antenna and a measurement probe that can easily measure an output signal.

  Before shipping the electronic device or after mounting the wireless device, it can be measured whether the output signal (output radio wave intensity) of the wireless device is within the standard value. In the measurement of output radio field intensity using a measurement probe, in order to prevent unintentional radiation from the antenna of the wireless device, the process of physically separating the antenna from the transmission line of the wireless device, such as removal of a coaxial connector with a switch or solder bridge removal There was a case. Or in order to suppress the radiation | emission from an antenna, the measurement which combined the additional instrument and antennas, such as arrange | positioning an additional ground plane, may be performed. Patent Document 1 describes an antenna having a measurement terminal at the end of a radiating element, and by arranging an additional ground plane, the radiating element becomes a transmission line during measurement.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2006-54465

  However, in the configuration of Patent Document 1, a structure that operates as a ground plane is required separately from the antenna, and the characteristics fluctuate depending on the positional relationship between the ground plane and the antenna. The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and in measuring the output radio wave intensity of a wireless device, the antenna measurement can be performed without using an additional process or an additional instrument for suppressing radiation from the antenna. The purpose is to provide technology.

  In order to achieve the above object, an antenna according to one embodiment of the present invention has the following configuration. That is, the present invention is, for example, an antenna, an antenna including at least one conductor layer including a ground conductor, a feeding portion, a feeding conductor, a first conductor, and a second conductor, The ground conductor is connected to the power supply unit, the power supply conductor is a linear conductor, one end is connected to the power supply unit, the other end is an open end, and at least the other end is coupled to the first conductor. The second conductor connects the ground conductor and the first conductor, and the power supply conductor is disposed so as to be sandwiched between at least one of the ground conductor and the first conductor. It is characterized by that.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, in the measurement of the output field intensity of a radio | wireless apparatus, the technique which can perform an antenna measurement, without using the additional process for suppressing radiation and an additional instrument can be provided.

The figure which shows an example of the antenna which concerns on 1st embodiment. The figure which shows S parameter at the time of operation | movement of the antenna which concerns on 1st embodiment. The figure which shows an example at the time of the measurement of the antenna which concerns on 1st embodiment. The figure which shows S parameter at the time of the measurement of the antenna which concerns on 1st embodiment. The figure which shows an example at the time of the operation | movement of the antenna which concerns on 2nd embodiment, and a measurement. The figure which shows an example of the antenna which concerns on 3rd embodiment. The figure which shows an example of the antenna which concerns on 4th embodiment. The figure which shows an example of the antenna which concerns on this embodiment. The figure which shows the equivalent circuit of the antenna which concerns on 1st embodiment.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments do not limit the present invention according to the claims, and all combinations of features described in the present embodiments are not necessarily essential to the solution means of the present invention.

<First embodiment>
An example of the antenna according to the first embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. The antenna according to this embodiment includes a dielectric 101, a conductor 102, a power feeding unit 103, a conductor 104, a conductor 105, and a conductor 106.

  The dielectric 101 is an FR4 substrate having a thickness of 0.5 mm, for example. It is assumed that the conductor 102 and the conductor layer including the conductors 104 to 106 in this embodiment are a 35 μm thick copper thin film and are bonded to the dielectric 101. The conductor 102 is a conductor that is partly connected or coupled to the power feeding unit 103, and is an example of a ground conductor. In this embodiment, the area of the conductor 102 is larger than the conductors 104, 105, or 106. Here, the planar conductor is not limited to a rectangular conductor, and may be a polygonal shape or a disc shape, or may have one or more holes. Note that in the case where the antenna is mounted over a multilayer substrate, the conductor 102 may have a three-dimensional structure. An example of the conductor 102 having a three-dimensional structure will be described in a third embodiment to be described later. The power supply unit 103 is a wireless circuit in one example.

  The conductor 104 is an example of a power supply conductor, and is a linear conductor having one end connected to the power supply unit 103 and the other end open. In this embodiment, the line width of the conductor 104 is substantially constant, and the conductor 104 can be arranged substantially in parallel so as to be sandwiched between the conductor 102 and the conductor 105. In this embodiment, the distance between the conductor 104 and the conductor 102 is substantially constant, and the distance between the conductor 104 and the conductor 105 is also substantially constant. Further, the distance between the conductor 104 and the conductor 102 and the distance between the conductor 104 and the conductor 105 can be substantially the same. The impedance is determined by parameters such as the thickness of the dielectric, the thickness of the conductor layer, the line width of the conductor 104, the distance between the conductor 104 and the ground conductor, and the frequency of the electromagnetic wave output from the power supply unit 103. Since the parameter is substantially constant, the impedance of the conductor 104 viewed from the power feeding unit 103 also appears to be substantially constant. In one example, the parameter can be designed to achieve impedance matching with the power feeding unit 103. Further, when the conductor 104 and the conductor 105 are close to each other, when the electromagnetic wave is output from the power feeding unit 103, the conductor 104 and the conductor 105 are capacitively coupled, and power can be transmitted to the conductor 105. it can. Note that the coupling between the conductor 104 and the conductor 105 may be any of magnetic field coupling, electric field coupling, and electromagnetic induction coupling. When the antenna is mounted on the multilayer substrate, the conductor 104 may have a three-dimensional structure including a via.

  The conductor 105 is a planar conductor and is connected to the conductor 106 at a side different from the side facing the conductor 104. The conductor 105 and the conductor 106 are examples of a first conductor and a second conductor, respectively. Similarly to the conductor 102, the conductor 105 may have a polygonal shape or a disk shape, and may have one or more holes. In the case where the conductor 105 has a disk shape, the conductor 105 may be connected to the conductor 106 at a portion different from the portion coupled to the conductor 104. In other words, the conductor 106 and the conductor 104 may be arranged so that the bond between the conductor 105 and the conductor 104 is smaller than the bond between the conductor 105 and the conductor 104. The conductor 106 which is a linear conductor connects the conductor 105 and the conductor 102 and has a meander shape in one example. In another example, the conductor 106 includes a planar spiral inductor, a winding coil, and a chip inductor, and when the conductor 106 has a meander shape, the conductor length may correspond to the inductance. The conductor 105, which is a planar conductor, and the conductor 106, which is a linear conductor, operate as a radiating element as will be described later.

  In the present embodiment, the entire surface of the substrate is covered with the resist except for the resist opening 107. The conductor 104 has a resist opening 107 on the open end side. Similarly, the conductors 102 and 105 have resist openings 107 at positions adjacent to the open ends of the conductors 104. In the present embodiment, a total of three resist openings 107 are linearly arranged. Note that the number, shape, and arrangement position of the resist openings 107 are not limited, and the resist openings 107 may be omitted as long as the conductor is configured not to be covered with the resist.

  Next, the antenna operation when a high-frequency signal is output from the power supply unit 103 without connecting the measurement probe (during operation), and the antenna operation when the measurement probe is connected to the resist opening 107 (during measurement) The operation will be described.

(During operation)
When the power feeding unit 103 outputs an electromagnetic wave, the electromagnetic wave propagates to the conductor 104, and the conductor 105 is excited by capacitive coupling. A current flows through the conductor 106 due to the potential difference between the excited conductor 105 and the conductor 102, and the conductor 105 and the conductor 106 operate as a radiating element.

  FIG. 9 shows an equivalent circuit of the antenna according to this embodiment. The equivalent circuit of FIG. 9 includes the capacitance 901 and the inductance 902 between the conductors 104 and 105 connected in series, and the capacitance 903 and the conductivity between the conductors 105 and 102 connected in parallel. Including the inductance 904 of the body 106. The obtained resonance is caused by the capacitance 903 and the inductance 904 connected in parallel, and the electric field distribution of the conductor 105 is uniform at the time of resonance. That is, the antenna according to the first embodiment has a zeroth-order resonance mode. In order to obtain zero-order resonance, the capacitance 903 and the inductance 904 connected in parallel have only to resonate at a desired frequency, and the shapes of the conductor 105 and the conductor 106 are not limited.

  FIG. 2 shows the reflection characteristics (S11) of the antenna according to this embodiment shown in FIG. 1 at 2 to 3 GHz. The input / output port is the power supply unit 103. As shown in FIG. 2, the reflection is 2.4 to 2.5 GHz and −3 dB or less, and the antenna according to the present embodiment resonates at 2.4 to 2.5 GHz with 2.44 GHz as the center frequency. I understand that.

(When measuring)
FIG. 3 shows an example of a configuration at the time of measurement of the antenna shown in FIG. For measurement of the output radio wave intensity of the antenna, a measurement probe 208 extended from a measurement device (not shown) separate from the antenna can be used. As shown in FIG. 3, the measurement probe 208 has three terminals arranged on a straight line. The central terminal (signal terminal) of the measurement probe 208 is for signal measurement, and the terminals at both ends (ground terminals) are for electrical short-circuited ground connection. Each terminal is connected through three resist openings 107. Connected to the antenna.

  The ground terminal of the measurement probe 208 is connected by a short-circuit wire, and when contacting the conductor 102 and the conductor 105, the conductor 102 and the conductor 105 are set to the same potential. Since the conductor 102 that is a ground conductor is electrically larger and more stable than the conductor 105, when the conductor 102 and the conductor 105 are short-circuited, the conductor 102 and the conductor 105 operate as ground. . Therefore, the conductor 104 is sandwiched between the conductors 102 and 105, which are the ground, and operates as a coplanar line. Therefore, when the power feeding unit 103 connected to the conductor 104 outputs an electromagnetic wave, the electromagnetic wave propagates through the conductor 104, which is a coplanar line, and is input to the signal terminal, and the measurement apparatus directly measures the electromagnetic wave transmitted from the power feeding unit 103. can do. Note that when the conductor 105 is short-circuited with the conductor 102 and has the same potential, almost no current flows through the conductor 105 and the conductor 106, and the conductors 105 and 106 do not radiate electromagnetic waves and operate as an antenna. do not do.

  In the present embodiment, the measurement probe 208 only needs to be able to measure the electromagnetic wave propagating through the conductor 104 with the conductor 102 and the conductor 105 at the same potential, and the number, shape, and arrangement position of the measurement probe 208 are as follows. It is not limited. In addition, the resist opening 107 may be arranged so that the portion in contact with the measurement probe 208 is not covered with the resist. In one example, a plurality of resist openings 107 may be arranged in one conductor so that each of the conductors 102, 104, and 105 can contact the measurement probe 208 at a plurality of locations. In one example, the open end of the conductor 104 and three resist openings 107 arranged linearly in the vicinity thereof can be arranged. However, the resist opening 107 may be disposed on the entire outer periphery of the power supply conductor 104 and the sides of the conductors 102 and 105 facing the power supply conductor 104, or the resist opening 107 may be disposed on the entire surface. .

  Further, the measurement probe 208 may include a spring in at least a part of the ground terminal or the signal terminal, and the ground terminal may be longer than the signal terminal when no external force is applied to the measurement probe 208. Alternatively, when no external force is applied to the measurement probe 208, the tip of the signal terminal is not positioned on the straight line connecting the two tips of the ground terminal, and when the external force is applied, the tip of the signal terminal is linearly applied. The measurement probe 208 may be configured so that is positioned. That is, the measurement probe 208 may be configured such that the signal terminal contacts the conductor 104 after the ground terminal contacts the conductor 102 and the conductor 105. Thus, after confirming that the conductor 102 and the conductor 105 are short-circuited at the ground terminal, the signal terminal can be brought into contact with the conductor 104.

  Further, the measurement probe 208 may include a spring at a part of at least two terminals, and the lengths of all the terminals may be different in the state where no external force is applied to the measurement probe 208. That is, the measurement probe 208 may be configured such that each terminal contacts the antenna in turn. Thus, the measurement probe 208 can be brought into contact with the antenna while confirming that each terminal is in contact with each of the conductors 102, 104, and 105.

  FIG. 4 shows the reflection characteristic (S11) and the attenuation characteristic (S21) of the conductor 104 in this embodiment in dB units. Port 1 is the power supply unit 103, port 2 is the measurement probe 208, S11 is indicated by a solid line, and S21 is indicated by a dotted line. As shown in FIG. 4, it is understood that S11 is −16 dB or less at 2.0 to 3.0 GHz. Therefore, it can be seen that about 97% of the electromagnetic wave output from the power feeding unit 103 propagates through the antenna without being reflected. Moreover, S21 is larger than -0.5 dB in 2.0-3.0 GHz. Therefore, at least about 89% of the electromagnetic waves output from the power supply unit 103 are input to the wired measurement probe 208. Therefore, most of the electromagnetic wave output from the power supply unit 103 propagates to the measurement probe 208 without being reflected, attenuated, or radiated. That is, when the conductors 102 and 105 are short-circuited and the measurement probe 208 comes into contact with the antenna so as to come into contact with the open end of the conductor 104, the conductor 104 connects the power feeding unit 103 and the measurement probe 208. It can function as a transmission line. In one example, when the measurement probe is brought into contact, it may be determined that it functions as a transmission line when the attenuation (S21) is larger than the reflection (S11).

  As described above, in the antenna according to the present embodiment, when the radiating element is short-circuited with the ground conductor, the feeding conductor for feeding power to the radiating element operates as a transmission line. Thereby, in the measurement of the output signal of the wireless module, it is possible to perform the measurement without using an additional process or an additional instrument for suppressing radiation.

<Second Embodiment>
In the first embodiment, the measurement probe that has three terminals and is configured to short-circuit the conductor 102 and the conductor 105 has been described. In the second embodiment, the inner conductor is in contact with the conductor 104 and the outer conductor is configured to short-circuit the conductor 102, the conductor 105, and the conductor 106. An example of a measurement probe and an antenna measured by the measurement probe will be described. In addition, description is abbreviate | omitted about the structure similar to 1st embodiment.

  FIG. 5 shows a plan view of a substrate on which the antenna according to this embodiment is mounted and a plan view at the time of signal measurement.

  The conductor 506 corresponds to the conductor 106 in FIG. 1, and a part of the conductor 506 can be close to the conductor 102. The resist opening 507 is an open end portion of the conductor 104 and a part of the conductor 102, the conductor 105, and the conductor 506, and is provided within a predetermined distance from the open end portion.

  The measurement probe 508 has a columnar inner conductor for signal measurement and a cylindrical outer conductor for ground connection. In this embodiment, the inner conductor and the outer conductor are concentric. Measurement probe 508 is dimensioned such that its inner conductor contacts resist opening 507 of conductor 104 and its outer conductor contacts resist opening 507 of conductors 102, 105, and 506. Here, the outer surface of the measurement probe 508 is not at least in contact with the conductive wire 104, and the measurement probe 508 is not in contact with the conductor 104 on the bottom surface in contact with the substrate, or the conductive wire 104 and the outer conductor. And are insulated from each other. That is, when the outer conductor of the measurement probe 508 has a cylindrical shape, the outer conductor may have a shape in which a portion that contacts the conductor 104 is missing, or the portion may be formed of an insulator. . By making the measurement probe 508 cylindrical, the measurement probe can be mounted using a coaxial cable or the like, but the outer conductor of the measurement probe may be a rectangular tube or have a large cross section. It may be a cylindrical cylinder. However, in either case, the outer conductor has a shape that does not contact the conductor 104 on the bottom surface or a structure in which the conductor 104 and the outer conductor are insulated. The inner conductor is also assumed to be a cylinder having a conical tip in this embodiment, but may be a prism.

  Note that the measurement probe 508 includes a spring as a part of the inner conductor or the outer conductor. When no external force is applied to the measurement probe 508, the inner conductor protrudes from the tip of the outer conductor, and when the external force is applied, the outer conductor The tip and the inner conductor may be arranged on the same plane. That is, the measurement probe 508 may be configured such that the outer conductor contacts the conductors 102 and 105 after the inner conductor contacts the conductor 104. Thereby, after confirming that the inner conductor is in contact with the conductor 104, the outer conductor can be brought into contact with the conductors 102 and 105.

  When the measurement probe 508 contacts the resist opening, the outer conductor of the measurement probe 508 short-circuits the conductor 102, the conductor 105, and the conductor 506. By being short-circuited with the electrically large conductor 102 and having the same potential, the conductor 102, the conductor 105, and the conductor 506 operate as a ground. Therefore, the conductor 104 surrounded by the ground conductor operates as a signal line of the coplanar line, and the electromagnetic wave output by the power feeding unit 103 propagates through the conductor 104 and is input to the inner conductor of the measurement probe 508 with low loss. Is done.

  Note that the measurement probe 508 may be in contact with each of the conductor 102, the conductor 104, the conductor 105, and the conductor 506 so that the conductor 102, the conductor 105, and the conductor 506 have the same potential, and the shape is limited. Not. The resist opening 507 is not limited in shape as long as the resist opening 507 includes a predetermined region in contact with the measurement probe 508. Further, the resist opening 507 may not be provided as long as the conductor is not covered with the resist.

  In one example, the portion in contact with the measurement probe 508 can be designed so that resonance does not occur when the measurement probe 508 is in contact. For example, when the outer conductor of the measurement probe 508 connecting the conductors 102 and 105 operates as an inductor, resonance occurs due to the capacitance between the conductors 105 and 102, the inductance of the outer conductor, and the inductance of the conductor 106. Designed not to occur. Further, in one example, it can be designed so that reflection does not occur when the measurement probe 508 is in contact. For example, when the inner conductor of the measurement probe 508 comes into contact with a portion away from the open end of the conductor 104, the conductor 104 and the measurement probe 508 appear to be branched when viewed from the power supply unit 103. In this case, the electromagnetic wave output from the power feeding unit 103 cannot be measured well with the measurement probe 508. For this reason, impedance matching between the measurement probe 508 and the power supply unit 103 can be achieved, and the electromagnetic wave output from the power supply unit 103 can be measured in a state where reflection is suppressed.

  As described above, in this embodiment, measurement is performed using a measurement probe that includes an inner conductor and an outer conductor, and the outer conductor short-circuits the ground conductor and the radiating element when the inner conductor is in contact with the feeding conductor. Do. Accordingly, measurement can be performed with only one measurement probe without using soldering or an additional measurement member.

<Third embodiment>
In the first and second embodiments, the antenna is mounted using a single-sided substrate having a single conductor layer. In the third embodiment, an example of an antenna mounted using a double-sided board will be described. In addition, description is abbreviate | omitted about the structure similar to 1st or 2nd embodiment.

  FIG. 6 shows a top plan view, a back plan view, and a cross-sectional view taken along the line aa ′ of the double-sided board on which the antenna according to this embodiment is mounted.

  The double-sided board includes a dielectric 601, a power feeding unit 603, and conductors 602, 604, 605, and 608 bonded to the dielectric 601. On the substrate surface, the conductor 604 is arranged in parallel so as to be sandwiched between the conductor 602 and the conductor 605, and the distance between the conductor 604 and the conductor 602 is equal to the distance between the conductor 604 and the conductor 605. The conductor 602 is also disposed on the back surface of the substrate, and the substrate front surface and the substrate back surface are electrically connected by a via 606 penetrating the substrate. The conductor 605 is connected to a meander-shaped conductor 608 disposed on the back surface of the substrate via a via 607 penetrating the substrate from the center, and the conductor 608 is connected to the conductor 602.

  Further, the conductor 602 on the back surface of the substrate includes a convex portion that overlaps the conductor 604 when seen through the substrate. The conductors 602, 604, and 605 include a resist opening 609 on the substrate surface.

  The antenna according to this embodiment is mounted on a double-sided board, but may be mounted using a multilayer board having three or more layers. In this case, at least one of the conductors 602, 604, and 605 may be arranged in a different layer from the other conductors, but the resistor opening 609 for contacting the measurement probe is on the same plane. It may be arranged. In this case, the resistor opening 609 may be a via or hole connected to the conductors 602, 604, and 605.

  As described above, the antenna according to the present embodiment is configured on a multilayer substrate having two or more layers. Thereby, in addition to the effect obtained by the first or second embodiment, an effect that the degree of freedom in designing the antenna can be increased can be obtained.

<Fourth embodiment>
In the first to third embodiments, the conductor 104 connected to the power feeding unit 103 is sandwiched between a ground conductor and a planar conductor as a transmission line during antenna operation. In the fourth embodiment, an explanation will be given of an antenna in which a part of the conductor connected to the power feeding unit 103 is a conductor that operates as a power feeding line. The description of the same configuration as in the first to third embodiments is omitted.

  FIG. 7 shows (A) a top plan view, (B) a cross-sectional view taken along the line aA ′, (C) a back plan view, and (D) a plan view of the double-sided board on which the antenna according to this embodiment is mounted. Figure.

  As shown in FIG. 7A, in the antenna according to this embodiment, the power feeding unit 703 and the conductors 702, 704, 705, and 706 are arranged on the substrate surface. A conductor 702 is disposed on the back surface of the substrate so as to overlap the conductors 702, 704, and 705 on the surface of the substrate, and the conductors 702 on both sides are electrically connected by vias 708. The conductor on the substrate is covered with a resist except for the resist opening 709.

  On the substrate surface, the conductors 702 and 705 are arranged to face each other. The conductor 702 has a recess and is connected to the power feeding unit 703. The conductor 704 has an open end arranged so that one end is connected to the power feeding unit 703 and the other end is coupled to the conductor 705. The distance between the conductor 702 and the conductor 704 is the same as the distance between the conductor 705 and the conductor 704, and the conductor 704 is configured to be surrounded by the conductors 702 and 705. In addition, the conductor 706 connects the conductor 702 to one side of the conductor 705 that is different from the side near the conductor 704. Note that at least a part of the conductor 704 may be surrounded by the conductor 702, and may operate as a coplanar line with a ground during both antenna operation and measurement. Further, at least part of the conductor 704 may not be a straight line. Further, at least a part of the conductor 704 may include a transmission line such as a coaxial cable, which is different from the coplanar line. Further, the conductor 705 does not have to be a rectangular conductor, and the conductor 705 may have a notch for impedance matching or the like. The conductor 706 is a linear conductor, and may have a meander shape, a spiral shape, or a chip inductor, as in the first embodiment.

(During operation)
The electromagnetic wave output from the power feeding unit 103 propagates through the conductor 704. Since the conductor 702 is electrically larger than the conductor 705 and operates as a ground conductor, a part of the conductor 704 surrounded by the conductor 702 operates in combination with the conductor 702 as a grounded coplanar line. The electromagnetic wave propagated through the conductor 704 propagates to the conductor 705 by capacitive coupling. The conductor 705 operates as an antenna when the inductance of the conductor 706 connected thereto and the capacitance of the conductor 702 on the back surface of the substrate resonate. By changing the conductor length of the conductor 706, the area of the conductor 705, or the shape of a portion where the conductor 705 surrounds the conductor 704, the resonance frequency of the conductor 705 and the conductor 706 can be adjusted.

(When measuring)
At the time of measurement, as shown in FIG. 7D, one measurement probe 709 having an inner conductor and an outer conductor is connected so as to contact the resist opening 707. The outer conductor of the measurement probe 709 is a cylinder having a U-shaped bottom surface and is configured to short-circuit the conductors 702 and 705. In this case, the conductor 705 is short-circuited with the larger electrical conductor 702 by the measurement probe 709 and operates as a ground. Further, since the conductor 704 and the inner conductor of the measurement probe 709 connected thereto operate as a transmission line, the electromagnetic wave is input to the measurement probe 709 without being emitted.

  As described above, the antenna according to the present embodiment is arranged such that the feed conductor connected to the feed section is sandwiched between at least one of the ground conductor and the radiating element. This facilitates antenna adjustment and increases the degree of design freedom.

<Other embodiments>
Any of the first to fourth embodiments can be arbitrarily combined. For example, the conductor 604 of the third embodiment may have a portion sandwiched only by the ground conductor and a portion sandwiched only by the radiating elements, like the conductor 704 of the fourth embodiment. Alternatively, the ground conductor on the back surface of the substrate of the third embodiment may extend to the lower side of the radiating element. In this case, the capacitance between the radiating element and the feed conductor is reduced, and the capacitance between the feed conductor and the ground conductor is increased. This further increases the degree of freedom in antenna design.

  In the first to third embodiments, the conductor that operates as a radiating element (for example, the conductor 105 in FIG. 1) is a planar conductor. However, as shown in FIG. 8, the conductor 805 may be cut out in accordance with the shape of the dielectric 701 that is the outer shape of the substrate. In such a case, it is possible to adjust the resonance frequency by lengthening the conductor 806 to obtain the same characteristics as in FIG. Further, since the electric field distribution of the conductor 105 becomes uniform, a hole may be formed in the conductor 105 in FIG. 1 in a direction penetrating the substrate. In this case, the size or length of the conductor 105 or the conductor 106 may be increased. Similar resonance can be obtained by adjusting at least one of the above.

  101: Dielectric, 102: Conductor, 103: Feeder, 104: Conductor, 105: Conductor, 106: Conductor, 107: Resist opening, 208: Probe for measurement

Claims (12)

An antenna composed of at least one conductor layer including a ground conductor, a feeding portion, a feeding conductor, a first conductor, and a second conductor,
The ground conductor is connected to the power feeding unit,
The power supply conductor is a linear conductor, one end is connected to the power supply unit, the other end is an open end, and at least the other end is arranged to be coupled to the first conductor,
The second conductor connects the ground conductor and the first conductor;
The antenna, wherein the feeding conductor is disposed so as to be sandwiched between at least one of the ground conductor and the first conductor.   2. The antenna according to claim 1, wherein the first conductor is a planar conductor, and sides of the ground conductor and the first conductor facing each other are substantially parallel.   3. The antenna according to claim 1, wherein the first conductor and the ground conductor are arranged substantially in parallel so as to sandwich the feeding conductor. 4.   The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the second conductor is a meander-shaped linear conductor.   The antenna according to claim 1, wherein an area of the ground conductor is larger than an area of the first conductor.   The antenna according to claim 1, wherein a line width of the feeding conductor is substantially constant.   The power feeding conductor operates as a signal line of a coplanar line or a coplanar line with a ground when the first conductor is short-circuited to the ground conductor. Antenna.   8. The electric field distribution of the first conductor is uniformed by the electromagnetic wave output by the power feeding unit when the first conductor is not short-circuited with the ground conductor. The antenna according to item 1.   The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 8, further comprising a ground conductor in a conductor layer different from the feeding conductor in the case of a multilayer substrate.   10. The antenna according to claim 1, wherein the antenna is covered with a resist except for a part of each of the ground conductor, the feeding conductor, and the first conductor. 11. A measurement probe for measuring the antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 10,
When the measurement probe is in contact with a part of the ground conductor, the power supply conductor, and the first conductor that is not covered with a resist, the ground conductor and the first conductor And a probe for measurement characterized by being configured to short-circuit. Including inner and outer conductors,
The inner conductor contacts the open end of the feeder conductor;
12. The outer conductor is a predetermined region including a part of each of the ground conductor and the first conductor, and is in contact with a predetermined region surrounding an open end of the power supply conductor. Measuring probe.

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