JP2019183910A - Fuel gas filling system - Google Patents

Abstract

To reduce load on a high-pressure tank caused by a low temperature of gas to be filled, in a fuel gas filling system filling the gas into the high-pressure tank.SOLUTION: The fuel gas filling system comprises: a filling flow passage connected to a high-pressure tank at one end part, and for flowing gas to be filled into the high-pressure tank; an in-flow port provided at the other end part of the filling flow passage, and for flowing the gas into the filling flow passage; two on-off valves arranged in the middle of the filling flow passage, and forming a closed zone in the filling flow passage; a temperature raising mechanism raising temperature of the closed zone; a temperature sensor acquiring temperature of the high-pressure tank; and a control part. When the acquired temperature is lower than a preset reference temperature, the control part closes the two on-off valves to thereby cause the closed zone to hold the gas, causes the temperature raising mechanism to raise temperature of the gas in the closed zone, and after the temperature of the gas in the closed zone is raised by the temperature raising mechanism, the control part opens the on-off valve which is provided at the high-pressure tank side out of the two on-off valves, and causes the temperature-raised gas to flow to the high-pressure tank side.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

  The present disclosure relates to a fuel gas filling system.

  In a high pressure tank made of resin, if the internal temperature and internal pressure of the tank are low due to the difference between the linear expansion coefficient of the liner and the linear expansion coefficient of the CFRP layer (reinforcing layer) protecting the liner, the liner and the CFRP layer In some cases, there was a gap between the two. Therefore, if the tank is rapidly filled with gas when the internal temperature and pressure of the tank are low, the liner may be heavily loaded. 2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in a fuel gas filling system, a technique for calculating a gap amount between a liner and a reinforcing layer and limiting a gas filling amount according to the calculated gap amount is known (for example, Patent Document 1). .

JP 2011-231799 A

  In a conventional fuel gas filling system, when the gas supplied from a gas supply source (for example, a hydrogen station) is cooled, the temperature inside the tank when the gas is filled tends to be low. When the temperature inside the tank is lowered, for example, a gap is generated between the liner and the reinforcing layer, and pressure due to gas filling may be applied to the liner that is not reinforced by the reinforcing layer. In this case, the burden on the tank may increase.

  This indication is made in order to solve the above-mentioned subject, and can be realized as the following forms.

  According to one form of the present disclosure, a fuel gas filling system is provided. The fuel gas filling system has one end connected to the high-pressure tank, and is provided in a filling passage for circulating the gas filled in the high-pressure tank, and at the other end of the filling passage, An inlet for flowing into the filling flow path, two open / close valves that are arranged in the middle of the filling flow path and are closed to form a closed section in the filling flow path, and a rise that raises the temperature of the closed section A temperature mechanism; a temperature sensor that acquires the temperature of the high-pressure tank; and a control unit that controls the two on-off valves in accordance with the acquired temperature. When the temperature is lower than a predetermined reference temperature, the gas is held in the closed section by closing the two on-off valves, and the gas in the closed section is heated by the temperature raising mechanism. The gas in the closed section is After being heated by hot mechanism, opens the on-off valve disposed in the high-pressure tank of said two opening and closing valves, circulating the heating gas to the high-pressure tank. In this type of fuel gas filling system, when the temperature of the high-pressure tank is lower than a predetermined reference temperature, the control unit holds the gas in the closed section, and the gas in the closed section is raised by the temperature raising mechanism. After being heated, the heated gas is circulated to the high-pressure tank side. For this reason, since the temperature in a high pressure tank can be made high compared with the case where the gas which is not heated up is filled, the burden to the high pressure tank by the temperature of the gas filled low can be reduced.

  The present disclosure can be realized in various forms other than the fuel gas filling system. For example, the present invention can be realized in the form of a fuel gas filling method, a fuel cell system including the fuel gas filling system, a mobile body such as a fuel cell vehicle, a ship, an airplane, or a stationary facility such as a house or a building.

1 is a schematic diagram of a fuel cell system according to a first embodiment. The block diagram which shows the structure of the fuel gas filling system in 1st Embodiment. The flowchart which shows the fuel gas filling process performed in the fuel cell system which concerns on 1st Embodiment. The figure which shows the timing of opening and closing of the 1st on-off valve and the 2nd on-off valve when the filling process by a low flow is performed. The figure which shows the timing of opening and closing of the 1st on-off valve and the 2nd on-off valve when the filling process by the low flow volume in 2nd Embodiment is performed. The block diagram which shows the structure of the fuel gas filling system which concerns on 3rd Embodiment. The block diagram which shows the structure of the fuel gas filling system which concerns on 4th Embodiment.

A. First Embodiment FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a fuel cell system 100 according to a first embodiment. The fuel cell system 100 includes a fuel cell stack 20, a fuel gas supply / discharge mechanism 50, an oxidant gas supply / discharge mechanism 60, a refrigerant circulation mechanism 70, a control unit 80, and a storage unit 82. The fuel cell system 100 generates power by a reaction between a fuel gas (anode gas) and an oxidant gas (cathode gas). In the present embodiment, the fuel gas is hydrogen gas, and the oxidant gas is air. In the present embodiment, the fuel cell system 100 is mounted on a fuel cell vehicle and used as a power generator that drives a drive motor.

  The fuel cell stack 20 has a stack structure in which a plurality of fuel cell single cells (not shown) are stacked. In the present embodiment, the single fuel cell constituting the fuel cell stack 20 is a solid polymer fuel cell that generates electric power by an electrochemical reaction between oxygen and hydrogen. The fuel cell stack 20 is adjusted to an appropriate temperature by the refrigerant circulation mechanism 70.

  The refrigerant circulation mechanism 70 is connected to the fuel cell stack 20 and includes a refrigerant circulation passage 71 through which a refrigerant (for example, water) flows and a pump 72 that sends out the refrigerant. The oxidant gas supply / discharge mechanism 60 includes an oxidant gas supply channel 61 that supplies an oxidant gas to the fuel cell stack 20 and an oxidant gas discharge channel 62 that discharges the oxidant gas to the outside. An air compressor 63 that pumps the oxidant gas is disposed in the oxidant gas supply channel 61. The oxidant gas supply / discharge mechanism 60 supplies air to the fuel cell stack 20 and discharges air from the fuel cell stack 20.

  The fuel gas supply / discharge mechanism 50 includes a fuel gas filling channel 32, a fuel gas supply channel 34, a fuel gas circulation channel 36, and three high-pressure tanks 202 to 206. The high-pressure tanks 202 to 206 are tanks for storing fuel gas, and are connected to the fuel gas filling channel 32 and the fuel gas supply channel 34 via main stop valves 421 to 423 which are on-off valves. The high pressure tanks 202 to 206 supply the fuel gas stored therein to the fuel cell stack 20 via the fuel gas supply flow path 34.

  The high-pressure tanks 202 to 206 include a liner having a space for filling a gas inside, and a reinforcing layer that is formed on the outer surface of the liner and reinforces the liner. The liner is formed of a resin having a gas barrier property (for example, polyamide 6). In addition, rubber is added to the resin used for the liner. Thereby, it is possible to improve the elasticity of a liner compared with the case where rubber | gum is not added. The reinforcing layer includes a carbon fiber reinforced resin (CFRP) obtained by impregnating a carbon fiber with a thermosetting resin and has pressure resistance.

  The fuel gas filling channel 32 is a channel that communicates with the high-pressure tanks 202 to 206, and circulates fuel gas filled from a fuel gas filling device such as a hydrogen station. High-pressure tanks 202 to 206 are connected to one end of the fuel gas filling channel 32. A receptacle 30 is provided at the other end of the fuel gas filling channel 32. The receptacle 30 is connected to the fuel gas filling device and functions as an inflow port through which the fuel gas filled from the fuel gas filling device flows into the fuel gas filling channel 32. The fuel gas filling channel 32 is provided with a joint 310 for distributing the fuel gas filled from the receptacle 30 to the high-pressure tanks 202 to 206.

  A first on-off valve 301 and a second on-off valve 302 are provided on the upstream side (receptacle 30 side) of the joint 310 in the fuel gas filling channel 32. The first on-off valve 301 is provided upstream of the second on-off valve 302. The first on-off valve 301 and the second on-off valve 302 make the upstream side and the downstream side (the high-pressure tanks 202 to 206 side) of the on-off valves 301 and 302 communicate with each other and do not communicate with each other. It is a valve mechanism which will be in any one state of a valve closing state. The first on-off valve 301 and the second on-off valve 302 form a closed section 322 in the fuel gas filling channel 32. The closed section 322 includes the first on-off valve 301 in the closed state and the second on-off valve 302 in the closed state, and the inflow of fuel gas from the upstream side of the first on-off valve 301 and the second on-off valve 322. This is a section in which the outflow of the fuel gas to the downstream side of the valve 302 is suppressed. In the present embodiment, the first on-off valve 301 and the second on-off valve 302 correspond to “two on-off valves” in the means for solving the problem.

  The closed section 322 is provided with a temperature raising mechanism 324 that raises the temperature of the fuel gas in the closed section 322. In the present embodiment, the piping that forms the closed section 322 functions as the temperature raising mechanism 324. Specifically, the piping as the temperature raising mechanism 324 that forms the closed section 322 has a higher thermal conductivity than the piping that forms a region other than the closed section 322 in the fuel gas filling channel 32. Thereby, when the temperature of the fuel gas in the closed section 322 is lower than the outside air temperature, the temperature of the fuel gas in the closed section 322 is raised by heat exchange between the inside and the outside of the piping forming the closed section 322. .

  The fuel gas supply channel 34 is a channel for supplying fuel gas filled in the high-pressure tanks 202 to 206 to the fuel cell stack 20. The fuel gas supply channel 34 is provided with an on-off valve 432, a regulator 44, and an injector 45. A fuel gas circulation channel 36 is connected to the fuel gas supply channel 34 in the middle.

  The fuel gas circulation channel 36 is a channel for collecting unreacted fuel gas that has passed through the inside of the fuel cell stack 20 and supplying it again to the fuel cell stack 20. A circulation pump 46 for circulating the fuel gas and a gas-liquid separator 47 for separating the fuel gas and the liquid water contained in the fuel gas are arranged in the middle of the fuel gas circulation passage 36. ing. The liquid water contained in the fuel gas is generated water generated by an electrochemical reaction in the fuel cell stack 20. The liquid water separated by the gas-liquid separator 47 is discharged to the outside by opening the on-off valve 48.

  The fuel gas supply / discharge mechanism 50 is provided with various sensors for acquiring the state of the fuel gas. For example, the closed section 322 is provided with a first temperature sensor 91 that acquires the temperature of the fuel gas in the closed section 322 and a first pressure sensor 92 that acquires the pressure of the fuel gas in the closed section 322. ing. In addition, a second temperature sensor 93 is provided inside the high-pressure tanks 202 to 206 to acquire an internal temperature that is the temperature in the high-pressure tanks 202 to 206. The joint 310 is provided with a second pressure sensor 94 that acquires the pressure of the fuel gas at the joint 310. Here, in the flow path between the joint 310 provided with the second pressure sensor 94 and the high pressure tanks 202 to 206, a configuration such as a pressure regulating valve for changing the pressure is not arranged. For this reason, the pressure acquired by the 2nd pressure sensor 94 is a pressure comparable as the internal pressure of the high pressure tanks 202-206. The second temperature sensor 93 corresponds to a “temperature sensor” in a means for solving the problem.

  The control unit 80 has a central processing unit (CPU), and uses the information acquired from the various sensors 91 to 94 and the information stored in the storage unit 82 to use the first on-off valve 301 and the second on-off valve. The operation of the valve 302 is controlled. Details of control of the first on-off valve 301 and the second on-off valve 302 by the control unit 80 will be described later.

  The storage unit 82 includes a storage medium such as a ROM or a RAM. The storage unit 82 stores various programs used when executing the control by the control unit 80 and information acquired by the various sensors 91 to 94.

  FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the fuel gas filling system 400 in the first embodiment. The fuel gas filling system 400 includes a fuel gas supply device 500, a fuel gas filling channel 32, and high pressure tanks 202 to 206. The fuel gas filling system 400 is a system for filling the high pressure tanks 202 to 206 of the fuel cell system 100 with fuel gas. The fuel gas supply device 500 is, for example, a hydrogen station.

  The fuel gas supply apparatus 500 includes a fuel gas supply source 510 for a fuel gas, which is a high-pressure tank, and a nozzle 502 that functions as a connection portion between the fuel cell system 100. Each of the receptacle 30 and the nozzle 502 is provided with communication units 304 and 530 that can communicate with each other.

  The fuel gas supplied from the fuel gas supply device 500 flows from the receptacle 30 into the fuel gas filling channel 32. The fuel gas that has flowed into the fuel gas filling channel 32 is distributed and filled in the high-pressure tanks 202 to 206 by the joint 310. Note that the temperature of the fuel gas supplied from the fuel gas supply device 500 to the fuel cell system 100 is adjusted to be equal to or lower than a predetermined temperature (for example, -17.5 ° C. when conforming to the SAE standard). ing. The fuel gas in the closed section 322 can be heated by receiving heat from the heating mechanism 324.

  The control unit 80 controls the first on-off valve 301 and the second on-off valve 302 according to information acquired from the various sensors 91 to 94. In addition, the control unit 80 instructs the fuel gas supply device 500 via the communication unit 304 provided in the receptacle 30. An instruction from the control unit 80 to the fuel gas supply device 500 is received by the communication unit 530 provided in the nozzle 502. The fuel gas supply apparatus 500 supplies fuel gas in response to an instruction from the control unit 80.

  FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing a fuel gas filling process executed in the fuel cell system 100 according to the first embodiment. This fuel gas filling process is started, for example, by removing a fuel cover (not shown) that covers the receptacle 30 and attaching the nozzle 502 to the receptacle 30. In the present embodiment, the communication unit 304, the various sensors 91 to 94, and the control unit 80 are activated when the fuel gas filling process is started.

  When the fuel gas filling process is started, the control unit 80 acquires the internal temperature and pressure of the high-pressure tanks 202 to 206 (step S101). The internal temperature is a temperature measured by the second temperature sensor 93. The pressure is a pressure measured by the second pressure sensor 94.

  After acquiring the internal temperature and pressure, the control unit 80 determines whether or not both of the acquired internal temperature and pressure are greater than or equal to a reference value (step S102). Specifically, the control unit 80 determines whether or not the internal temperature of the high-pressure tanks 202 to 206 is equal to or higher than a predetermined first temperature (reference temperature), and the pressure in the high-pressure tanks 202 to 206 is determined. It is determined whether or not the pressure is equal to or higher than a predetermined first pressure (reference pressure). When a plurality of high-pressure tanks are used in the fuel cell system 100, the temperature of the high-pressure tank having the lowest temperature is used as a representative value for determination, and the pressure of the high-pressure tank having the lowest pressure is used as a representative value for determination. Use.

  As the reference temperature and the reference pressure, a temperature and a pressure at which a gap can be formed between the liner and the reinforcing layer in the high-pressure tanks 202 to 206 are set. The temperature and pressure at which a gap is formed between the liner and the reinforcing layer in the high-pressure tanks 202 to 206 varies depending on, for example, the material constituting the high-pressure tanks 202 to 206. For example, when the difference between the linear expansion coefficient of the liners of the high-pressure tanks 202 to 206 and the linear expansion coefficient of the reinforcing layer is large, a gap is likely to be generated, so that the reference temperature and the reference pressure tend to increase. In the present embodiment, the gaps in the high-pressure tanks 202 to 206 can be generated when the internal temperature of the high-pressure tanks 202 to 206 is lower than the reference temperature and the pressure is near the out-of-gas pressure. Such a combination of the internal temperature and the pressure may occur when fuel gas is rapidly consumed by continuously traveling on a highway in a cold region where the outside air temperature is less than −30 ° C., for example.

  Moreover, in this embodiment, the elasticity of a liner falls by the glass transition of the rubber | gum added to resin which forms a liner generate | occur | producing. When the elasticity of the liner is lowered, the risk of damage to the liner is increased as compared with the case where the elasticity is not lowered. In the present embodiment, the reference temperature is determined according to a change in storage elastic modulus caused by the glass transition of the liners of the high-pressure tanks 202 to 206. Specifically, an inflection point of a graph showing the relationship between the storage elastic modulus of the liner and the temperature is experimentally obtained, and the temperature at the inflection point due to the glass transition of the liner is adopted as the reference temperature. In the present embodiment, the reference temperature and the reference pressure are obtained experimentally, but are not limited thereto. For example, the reference temperature and the reference pressure at which a gap may occur may be calculated using the linear expansion coefficient of each configuration of the high-pressure tanks 202 to 206.

  When both the internal temperature and pressure of the high-pressure tanks 202 to 206 are equal to or higher than the reference value (step S102: Yes), the control unit 80 performs a normal filling process (step S110). The normal filling process is a process for filling the high-pressure tanks 202 to 206 with the fuel gas while the first on-off valve 301 and the second on-off valve 302 are opened. The high-pressure tanks 202 to 206 are filled with the fuel gas, for example, in accordance with the internal pressure of the high-pressure tanks 202 to 206 until the high-pressure tanks 202 to 206 reach a predetermined full tank amount. When filling of the high pressure tanks 202 to 206 with the fuel gas is completed, the fuel gas filling process is finished. In the present embodiment, the communication unit 304, the various sensors 91 to 94, and the control unit 80 are stopped when the fuel cover is attached to the receptacle 30 after the fuel gas filling process is completed.

  When at least one of the internal temperature and pressure of the high-pressure tanks 202 to 206 is less than the reference value (step S102: No), the control unit 80 performs a filling process at a low flow rate (steps S121 to S129). . In the filling process at a low flow rate, the flow rate of the fuel gas flowing from the fuel gas supply device 500 to the high-pressure tanks 202 to 206 is smaller than in the normal filling process (step S110). When the filling process at a low flow rate (steps S121 to S129) is started, first, the control unit 80 instructs the second on-off valve 302 (FIG. 2) to close (step S121). After the second on-off valve 302 is closed, the start of the supply of the fuel gas from the fuel gas supply source 510 to the fuel gas filling channel 32 is instructed (step S122). In the state where the second on-off valve 302 is closed, the fuel gas is supplied to the fuel gas filling passage 32 so that the fuel gas is upstream of the second on-off valve 302 in the fuel gas filling passage 32. Temporarily stored on the side.

  After the process of step S122 is started, the control unit 80 determines whether or not the pressure value acquired by the first pressure sensor 92 disposed in the closed section 322 is equal to or higher than a predetermined second pressure. (Step S123). Here, the predetermined second pressure is a value larger than the pressure in the high-pressure tanks 202 to 206 when the process of at least step S123 is executed. As a result of the process of step S123, when the pressure value is less than the second pressure (step S123: No), the control unit 80 repeats the process of step S123 until the pressure value becomes equal to or higher than the second pressure. . When the pressure value is equal to or higher than the second pressure as a result of the process in step S123 (step S123: Yes), the control unit 80 instructs the first on-off valve 301 to close the valve and also supplies the fuel gas supply device. The supply of fuel gas by 500 is stopped (step 124).

  By closing the first on-off valve 301, the flow of the fuel gas into the closed section 322 is stopped. The temperature of the fuel gas in the closed section 322 is raised by the temperature raising mechanism 324. In the present embodiment, the temperature of the fuel gas in the closed section 322 is raised by heat exchange with the outside of the fuel gas filling channel 32 by the temperature raising mechanism 324. That is, the temperature of the fuel gas in the closed section 322 is raised by maintaining the closed state of the two on-off valves 301 and 302. After the process of step S124 is executed, the control unit 80 determines whether or not the temperature of the fuel gas in the closed section 322 is equal to or higher than a predetermined second temperature (step S125). Here, the predetermined second temperature is at least higher than the reference temperature.

  As a result of the process of step S125, when the temperature of the fuel gas in the closed section 322 is lower than the predetermined second temperature (step S125: No), the control unit 80 executes the process of step S125 again. To do. If the temperature in the closed section 322 is equal to or higher than the second temperature as a result of the process in step S125 (step S125: Yes), the second on-off valve 302 is instructed to open (step S126). By opening the second on-off valve 302, the high-pressure tanks 202 to 206 are filled with the fuel gas whose temperature has been raised in the closed section 322.

  After performing the process of step S126, after the pressure in the closed section 322 acquired by the first pressure sensor 92 becomes the same level as the internal pressure of the high-pressure tanks 202 to 206, the control unit 80 performs the second operation. The on / off valve 302 is instructed to close the valve (step S127). After the process of step S127, it is determined whether or not the internal temperature and pressure of the high-pressure tanks 202 to 206 are equal to or higher than a predetermined reference value (step S128). In addition, the reference value in the process of step S128 is the same value as the reference value (reference temperature and reference pressure) in the process of step S102. As a result of the process of step S128, when both the internal temperature and pressure of the high-pressure tanks 202 to 206 are equal to or higher than the reference value (step S128: Yes), a normal filling process (step S110) is executed.

  If at least one of the internal temperature and pressure of the high-pressure tanks 202 to 206 is less than the reference value as a result of the processing in step S128 (step S128: No), the control unit 80 opens the first on-off valve 301. The valve is instructed (step S129). After the first on-off valve 301 is opened, the control unit 80 executes the process of step S122 again.

  FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the opening / closing timings of the first on-off valve 301 and the second on-off valve 302 when the filling process at a low flow rate (step S121 to step S129 in FIG. 3) is executed. FIG. 4 shows the state of the fuel gas filling process when the internal temperature of the high-pressure tanks 202 to 206 is lower than the reference temperature. At time t0, the control unit 80 instructs the second on-off valve 302 to close according to the internal temperature of the high-pressure tanks 202 to 206. In the period from time t0 to time t1, the first on-off valve 301 is in the open state, so that the fuel gas supplied from the fuel gas supply device 500 is filled in the closed section 322. At time t1, when the pressure in the closed section 322 becomes equal to or higher than the second pressure, the first on-off valve 301 is closed. In the period from time t1 to time t2, the fuel gas held in the closed section 322 is heated by the temperature raising mechanism 324.

  At time t2, when the temperature of the fuel gas in the closed section 322 becomes equal to or higher than the second temperature, the second on-off valve 302 is opened. During the period from time t2 to time t3, the fuel gas held in the closed section 322 is filled in the high-pressure tanks 202 to 206, so that the pressure in the closed section 322 decreases. At time t3, the pressure in the closed section 322 becomes the same level as the internal pressure of the high-pressure tanks 202 to 206, whereby the second on-off valve 302 is closed. In the period from time t3 to time t4, both the first on-off valve 301 and the second on-off valve 302 are closed. In the period from time t3 to time t4, the control unit 80 determines whether or not the internal temperature of the high-pressure tanks 202 to 206 is equal to or higher than the reference temperature. When the internal temperature of the high-pressure tanks 202 to 206 is lower than the reference temperature, the internal temperature of the high-pressure tanks 202 to 206 is raised by repeating the processing executed in the period from time t0 to time t4. .

  According to the first embodiment described above, the control unit 80 holds the fuel gas in the closed section 322 when at least one of the internal temperature and pressure of the high-pressure tanks 202 to 206 is less than the reference value. The temperature of the fuel gas in the closed section 322 is raised by the temperature raising mechanism 324. In this case, the control unit 80 causes the fuel gas heated by the temperature raising mechanism 324 to flow out to the high-pressure tank side. For this reason, compared with the case where the gas which is not heated up is filled, the temperature in the high-pressure tanks 202 to 206 can be increased. As a result, the burden on the high-pressure tanks 202 to 206 due to the low temperature of the fuel gas to be filled, for example, gas is applied to the liner that is not reinforced by the reinforcing layer due to a gap formed between the liner and the reinforcing layer. The burden caused by the application of pressure due to filling can be reduced.

  Further, according to the first embodiment described above, the fuel gas filling system 400 can fill the high-pressure tanks 202 to 206 after raising the temperature of the fuel gas. For this reason, even when the internal temperature of the high-pressure tanks 202 to 206 is lower than the reference value, the fuel gas filling system 400 is compared with the case where the high-pressure tanks 202 to 206 are filled without increasing the temperature of the fuel gas. The increase in temperature of the high-pressure tanks 202 to 206 can be promoted. Thereby, even if it is a case where the filling process (step S121-step S129) by a low flow volume is performed in the fuel gas filling system 400, it can switch to a normal filling process (step S110) at an early stage. Therefore, the fuel gas filling system 400 can suppress an increase in time required for fuel gas filling.

  Further, according to the first embodiment described above, the temperature raising mechanism 324 does not use a power consumption source such as a heater for raising the temperature of the fuel gas in the closed section 322. For this reason, the electric power required when filling with fuel gas can be reduced.

B. Second Embodiment The fuel gas filling system 400 according to the second embodiment has a first opening / closing operation of the second on-off valve 302 when the high-pressure tanks 202 to 206 are filled with the fuel gas whose temperature has been increased in the closed section 322. Different from the embodiment. Below, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected about the structure similar to 1st Embodiment among the structures of the fuel gas filling system 400 which concerns on 2nd Embodiment, and detailed description is abbreviate | omitted.

  FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating opening and closing timings of the first on-off valve 301 and the second on-off valve 302 when the low-flow filling process is executed in the second embodiment. In the second embodiment, the second on-off valve 302 is intermittently opened during the period from time t2 to time t3. By intermittently opening the second on-off valve 302, the filling speed of the fuel gas into the high-pressure tanks 202 to 206 can be reduced in the filling process at a low flow rate in the second embodiment. By reducing the filling rate, the strain rate of the high-pressure tanks 202 to 206 during filling can be reduced. When the strain rate is low, the elongation at break of the high-pressure tanks 202 to 206 increases.

  According to the second embodiment described above, the same effects are achieved in that the configuration is the same as that of the first embodiment. Furthermore, according to the second embodiment, in the filling process at a low flow rate in the second embodiment, the second on-off valve 302 is intermittently opened, so that the high-pressure tanks 202 to 206 may be broken (broken). Can be reduced.

C. Third Embodiment FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a fuel gas filling system 700 according to a third embodiment. In the fuel gas charging system 700 according to the third embodiment, the temperature raising mechanism 724 is related to the first embodiment and the second embodiment in that it has an outside air circulation mechanism 726 that circulates outside air in the vicinity of the closed section 322. Different from the fuel gas filling system 400. In the present embodiment, the outside air circulation mechanism 726 has an intake port 728 for taking in outside air and an outlet port 729 for discharging outside air. At least one of the intake port 728 and the discharge port 729 may be provided with a blower for assisting the circulation of outside air.

  According to 3rd Embodiment described above, there exists the same effect in the point which has the structure similar to the said 1st Embodiment and 2nd Embodiment. Furthermore, according to the third embodiment, the temperature raising mechanism 724 raises the temperature of the closed section 322 using outside air. For this reason, when the outside air temperature is higher than the second temperature, it is possible to efficiently raise the temperature of the closed section 322 by receiving heat from the outside air.

D. Fourth Embodiment FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a fuel gas filling system 800 according to a fourth embodiment. In the fuel gas filling system 800 according to the fourth embodiment, the temperature raising mechanism 824 is related to the first to third embodiments in that it has a refrigerant flow path 826 provided adjacent to the closed section 322. Different from the fuel gas filling systems 400 and 700. In the present embodiment, the coolant channel 826 is a channel extended from the coolant circulation mechanism 70 for adjusting the temperature of the fuel cell stack 20. The refrigerant flowing through the refrigerant flow path 826 is heated by being used for cooling the fuel cell stack 20.

  According to 4th Embodiment described above, there exists the same effect in the point which has the structure similar to the said 1st Embodiment to 3rd Embodiment. Further, in the fourth embodiment, the temperature of the closed section 322 can be increased by receiving heat from the refrigerant flowing in the refrigerant flow path 826. For this reason, even if it is a case where external temperature is lower than 2nd temperature, the closed area 322 can be heated up. Further, it is possible to efficiently cool the refrigerant that has been heated by the fuel cell stack 20 that has generated heat due to power generation accompanied by rapid fuel gas consumption.

E. Other embodiments E1. 1st other embodiment In the fuel gas filling process (FIG. 3) in the said embodiment, a high pressure tank is used for judgment (step S102) whether to perform the filling process (step S121-step S129) by a low flow volume. Both the internal temperature and pressure of 202-206 are used. However, the process of step S102 is not limited to this. The control unit 80 may determine whether or not to perform the filling process at a low flow rate (steps S121 to S129) using only the internal temperature of the internal temperatures and pressures of the high-pressure tanks 202 to 206. Good. Specifically, for example, it is determined whether or not the internal temperature of the high-pressure tanks 202 to 206 acquired by the second temperature sensor 93 is equal to or higher than a predetermined reference temperature. Ordinary filling processing (step S110) may be executed. Further, when the temperature is lower than the reference temperature, the filling process at a low flow rate (steps S121 to S129) may be executed. Even in this case, similarly to the above embodiment, the burden on the high-pressure tanks 202 to 206 due to the low temperature of the fuel gas to be filled can be reduced.

E2. Second Embodiment In the above embodiment, in the fuel gas filling system 400, 700, 800, the temperature and pressure of the closed section 322 acquired by the first temperature sensor 91 and the first pressure sensor 92 are obtained. Is used to control the first on-off valve 301 and the second on-off valve 302. However, it is not limited to this. For example, the controller 80 may control the first on-off valve 301 and the second on-off valve 302 without using the pressure value acquired by the first pressure sensor 92. Specifically, in the process of step S123 of FIG. 3, the control unit 80 stops the supply of the fuel gas and performs the first opening / closing according to the time when the supply of the fuel gas to the fuel gas filling channel 32 is executed. It may be determined whether or not the valve 301 is to be closed. In this case, the first pressure sensor 92 may not be provided. In this case, in the process of step S125 of FIG. 3, the control unit 80 determines whether or not to open the second on-off valve 302 according to the time elapsed since the supply of the fuel gas was stopped. May be determined. In this case, the first temperature sensor 91 may not be provided. Even in these cases, similarly to the above-described embodiment, the burden on the high-pressure tanks 202 to 206 due to the low temperature of the fuel gas to be filled can be reduced.

E3. Third Embodiment In the above embodiment, the supply speed of the fuel gas in the process of step S122 in FIG. 3 may be smaller than the supply speed in the process of step S110. In this case, it is possible to reduce the burden on the piping constituting the closed section 322. Even in this case, similarly to the above embodiment, the burden on the high-pressure tanks 202 to 206 due to the low temperature of the fuel gas to be filled can be reduced.

E4. 4th other embodiment In the said 3rd Embodiment and 4th Embodiment, the temperature rising mechanism 724,824 is the temperature rising rate of the fuel gas in the closed area 322 according to the internal temperature of the high pressure tanks 202-206. You may have the structure which can adjust. For example, the temperature raising mechanism 724 in the third embodiment has a configuration in which the opening degree can be adjusted stepwise in at least one of the intake port 728 and the discharge port 729, and the opening degree increases as the internal temperature decreases. May be. In this case, the amount of outside air flowing through the outside air circulation mechanism 726 can be increased as the internal temperature decreases. Thereby, the temperature increase rate of the fuel gas in the closed section 322 due to heat received from the outside air can be increased. In addition, when the outside air circulation mechanism 726 is provided with a blower, the temperature increase rate may be adjusted by adjusting the output of the blower. In addition, for example, the temperature raising mechanism 824 in the fourth embodiment may adjust the temperature rising rate by adjusting the amount of refrigerant flowing in the refrigerant flow path 826. In this case, as the internal temperature decreases, the amount of refrigerant flowing through the refrigerant flow path 826 may be increased. Further, the amount of refrigerant flowing through the refrigerant flow path 826 may be adjusted according to the temperature of the refrigerant flowing through the refrigerant flow path 826. In this case, the amount of refrigerant flowing through the refrigerant flow path 826 may be increased as the refrigerant temperature decreases.

E5. 5th other embodiment In the said embodiment, the 2nd on-off valve 302 may be a valve mechanism which can adjust an opening degree. In this case, when the filling process at a low flow rate (steps S121 to S129) is performed, the opening degree of the second on-off valve 302 is smaller than when the normal filling process (step S110) is performed. It may be made smaller. Thereby, in the filling process at a low flow rate, the load on the high-pressure tanks 202 to 206 when filling the fuel gas can be further reduced. Furthermore, the opening degree of the second on-off valve 302 may be adjusted according to the internal temperature of the high-pressure tanks 202 to 206. In this case, in the filling process at a low flow rate, the control unit 80 causes the second opening / closing valve 302 so that the opening degree of the second opening / closing valve 302 increases as the internal temperature of the high-pressure tanks 202 to 206 increases. May be controlled.

  The present disclosure is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and can be realized with various configurations without departing from the spirit of the present disclosure. For example, the technical features in the embodiments corresponding to the technical features in each embodiment described in the summary section of the invention are intended to solve part or all of the above-described problems, or one of the above-described effects. In order to achieve part or all, replacement or combination can be appropriately performed. Further, if the technical feature is not described as essential in the present specification, it can be deleted as appropriate.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 20 ... Fuel cell stack 30 ... Receptacle 32 ... Fuel gas filling flow path 34 ... Fuel gas supply flow path 36 ... Fuel gas circulation flow path 44 ... Regulator 45 ... Injector 46 ... Circulation pump 47 ... Gas-liquid separator 48 ... On-off valve 50 ... fuel gas supply / discharge mechanism 60 ... oxidant gas supply / discharge mechanism 61 ... oxidant gas supply channel 62 ... oxidant gas discharge channel 63 ... air compressor 70 ... refrigerant circulation mechanism 71 ... refrigerant circulation channel 72 ... pump 80 ... Control unit 82 ... storage unit 91 ... first temperature sensor 92 ... first pressure sensor 93 ... second temperature sensor 94 ... second pressure sensor 100 ... fuel cell system 202 to 206 ... high-pressure tank 301 ... first Open / close valve 302 ... second open / close valve 304 ... communication unit 310 ... joint 322 ... closed section 324 ... temperature raising mechanism 400 ... fuel gas filling system 421 423 ... Main stop valve 432 ... Open / close valve 500 ... Fuel gas supply device 502 ... Nozzle 510 ... Fuel gas supply source 530 ... Communication unit 700 ... Fuel gas filling system 724 ... Temperature raising mechanism 726 ... Outside air circulation mechanism 728 ... Intake port 729 ... Exhaust port 800 ... Fuel gas filling system 824 ... Temperature raising mechanism 826 ... Refrigerant flow path

Claims (1)

A fuel gas filling system for filling a high pressure tank with gas,
One end is connected to the high-pressure tank, and a filling flow path for circulating the gas filled in the high-pressure tank;
An inlet provided at the other end of the filling flow path for allowing the gas to flow into the filling flow path;
Two on-off valves that are arranged in the middle of the filling flow path and close to form a closed section in the filling flow path;
A temperature raising mechanism for raising the temperature of the closed section;
A temperature sensor for acquiring the temperature of the high-pressure tank;
A controller that controls the two on-off valves according to the acquired temperature,
When the acquired temperature is less than a predetermined reference temperature, the control unit
The gas is held in the closed section by closing the two on-off valves, and the temperature of the gas in the closed section is increased by the temperature raising mechanism,
After the temperature of the gas in the closed section is raised by the temperature raising mechanism, the on-off valve arranged on the high-pressure tank side of the two on-off valves is opened, and the heated gas is supplied to the high pressure Distribute to tank side,
Fuel gas filling system.

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