JP2019178596A - building - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a building in which the space where heat insulation should be prioritized is reasonably insulated.SOLUTION: A building 1A has a plurality of spaces in contact with an outer peripheral wall 2 on the same floor, and at least one of the plurality of spaces (toilet, washroom, bathroom) is a heat-insulating priority space where heat-insulating performance is prioritized. Of the plurality of spaces, the remaining space is a normal space (such as a hallway, living room, kitchen) other than the heat-insulating priority space. The thermal conductivity U1 of at least a part of an outer peripheral wall 2A in contact with the heat-insulating priority space is lower than the minimum value of the thermal conductivity U2 of the outer peripheral wall 2 in contact with the normal space.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a building.

  A typical building includes a heat insulating material on an outer peripheral wall that partitions the room from the outside (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 2015-161160

  The heat insulation performance of the building is effective in improving the energy saving performance of the building. For this reason, improving the thermal insulation performance of buildings is a subject of much debate in countries and markets.

  In recent years, a phenomenon called a heat shock phenomenon has attracted attention. The heat shock phenomenon is mainly caused by a temperature difference when moving from a relatively warm space (for example, a living room) to a cold space (for example, a toilet, a dressing room, or a bathroom). For this reason, improving the heat insulation performance of the building is also effective as a heat shock countermeasure.

  However, as described in Patent Document 1, the conventional building merely arranges the heat insulating material uniformly regardless of the use of the space in contact with the outer peripheral wall. For this reason, when it is going to improve the heat insulation performance in the conventional building, you have to change the performance of the heat insulating material contained in all the outer peripheral walls. That is, the conventional building was not insulated according to the use of the space of the building.

  On the other hand, in the conventional building, according to the use of the space of the building, it is also conceivable to individually heat the space by using a heating device such as a heater. However, it takes time until the room temperature is safe for the human body only by heating the space individually with the heating device. In addition, it is difficult to maintain a safe room temperature even when the heating is stopped even if the temperature is once warmed only by the heating by the heating device.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a building in which the space where heat insulation should be prioritized is reasonably insulated.

  The building according to the present invention includes a plurality of spaces in contact with the outer peripheral wall on the same floor, and at least one of the plurality of spaces is a heat-insulating priority space in which heat-insulating performance is prioritized, Of the plurality of spaces, the remaining space is a normal space other than the heat-insulating priority space, and at least a portion of the outer wall in contact with the heat-insulating priority space has a heat conductivity that is in contact with the normal space. Is lower than the minimum value of the heat transmissivity.

  The building which concerns on this invention WHEREIN: It is preferable that the heat transmissivity of the said outer peripheral wall shall be set with the thickness of the heat insulating material contained in the said outer peripheral wall.

  The building which concerns on this invention WHEREIN: It is preferable that the said heat insulating material consists of a some unit heat insulating material, and the thickness of the said heat insulating material shall be set with the number of the said unit heat insulating materials. Here, the “unit heat insulating material” refers to the same type of heat insulating material, that is, the heat insulating material having the same material and the same thermal conductivity, and the term “unit heat insulating material” is used in a normal sense. The term “insulation” is included. The unit heat insulating material includes not only the same thickness but also different thicknesses. In addition, even if it is the same kind of heat insulating material, it may have a finished surface on the surface. In this case, when the kind of material which is ensuring the heat insulation performance is the same, it handles as the same heat insulating material.

  The building which concerns on this invention WHEREIN: It is preferable that the said outer peripheral wall which contact | connects the said heat insulation priority space is arrange | positioned so that a structural pillar may be included.

  In the building according to the present invention, of the plurality of spaces, a plurality of spaces are the heat insulation priority spaces, and the remaining spaces are a plurality of normal spaces, between the heat insulation priority spaces and the normal spaces. It is preferable that the thermal conductivity of the partition walls is equal to or less than the thermal conductivity of the partition walls between the heat-insulating priority spaces and equal to or less than the thermal conductivity of the partition walls between the normal spaces.

  The building which concerns on this invention WHEREIN: It is preferable that the said heat insulating material has water resistance.

  In the building according to the present invention, it is preferable that a plurality of spaces among the plurality of spaces is the heat-insulating priority space, and the heat-insulating priority spaces are arranged adjacent to each other along the outer peripheral wall. .

  The building which concerns on this invention WHEREIN: It is preferable that the said outer peripheral wall is contacting the said heat insulation priority space for the whole range of the said outer peripheral wall.

  The building which concerns on this invention WHEREIN: It is preferable that the said heat insulation priority space is a space which can produce a temperature difference between the said heat insulation priority space and the adjacent space.

  In the building according to the present invention, a plurality of spaces among the plurality of spaces is the heat-insulating priority space, and a vent is provided in a partition wall between the heat-insulating priority spaces. Can do.

  In the building which concerns on this invention, when the said vent hole is provided, it is preferable that the air conditioning apparatus is provided in either one of the said heat insulation priority space.

  In the building according to the present invention, of the plurality of spaces, the plurality of spaces are the heat-insulating priority spaces, and the air-conditioning that simultaneously air-conditions each of the heat-insulating priority spaces on a partition wall between the heat-insulating priority spaces. A device may be provided.

  In the building according to the present invention, the air conditioner may be a ceiling embedded type air conditioner.

  In the building according to the present invention, the air conditioner may be a heat pump type air conditioner.

  The building which concerns on this invention WHEREIN: The said air conditioner shall be a hot water supply heat and waste heat utilization type air conditioner.

  In the building according to the present invention, the air conditioner may be a solar energy utilization type air conditioner.

  In the building according to the present invention, the heat-insulating priority space may be in contact with a non-warming space communicating with the entrance, and may be in communication with the non-warming space via an entrance fitting. Examples of the non-warming space include a normal space that is not kept warm.

  The building which concerns on this invention WHEREIN: The said heat insulation priority space shall be interrupted | blocked with respect to the warming space. Examples of the warming space include the heat-insulating priority space or the warmed normal space.

  In the building according to the present invention, the heat-insulated priority space and the normal space are on a ground floor, and the heat-transfer rate on the floor side of the heat-insulated priority space is lower than the heat-transfer rate on the floor side of the normal space. preferable.

  In the building according to the present invention, the floor of the heat-insulating priority space includes a floor slab and a heat insulating material, and the heat insulating material is disposed on the floor slab, and the heat insulating material of the outer peripheral wall and the heat-insulating priority space. It is preferable that it is continuous with at least one of the heat insulating materials of the partition wall that partitions the wall.

  The building which concerns on this invention WHEREIN: The roof is formed immediately above the said heat insulation priority space and the said normal space, The heat | fever permeability of the wall of the roof side of the said heat insulation priority space is the wall of the roof side of the said normal space. It is preferable that the heat transmissivity is lower.

  In the building according to the present invention, the roof-side wall of the heat-insulating priority space includes a roof slab and a heat insulating material, and the heat insulating material is disposed under the roof slab, and the heat insulating material and partition of the outer peripheral wall. It is preferable that it is continuous with at least one of the wall insulating materials.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the building where the space which should give priority to heat insulation can be rationally insulated can be provided.

It is a top view of the building concerning a 1st embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 1, it is a figure which shows schematically the cross section of the outer peripheral wall which contact | connects heat insulation priority space. In FIG. 1, it is a figure which shows schematically the cross section of the outer peripheral wall which contact | connects normal space. It is an enlarged plan view of the building concerning a 2nd embodiment of the present invention. It is an expanded sectional view which shows one example of arrangement | positioning of the air conditioner applicable to the building which concerns on this invention. It is an expanded sectional view which shows the other example of arrangement | positioning of the air conditioner applicable to the building which concerns on this invention. It is an expanded sectional view showing other example of arrangement of an air-conditioner applicable to a building concerning the present invention. It is a top view of the 1st floor part of the building concerning a 3rd embodiment of the present invention. It is an expanded sectional view of the 1st floor part of the building of FIG. It is an expanded sectional view of the 2nd floor part of the building of FIG. It is a top view of the 1st floor part of the building concerning a 4th embodiment of the present invention. It is an expanded sectional view of the 1st floor part of the building of FIG. It is an expanded sectional view of the 2nd floor part of the building of FIG.

  Hereinafter, buildings according to various embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In the following description, the same reference numerals are used for substantially the same parts.

  FIG. 1 shows a first floor portion of a building 1A according to the first embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, the building 1 </ b> A includes a plurality of spaces in contact with the outer peripheral wall 2 on the same floor.

  In the building 1A, at least one of the plurality of spaces is a heat-insulating priority space where heat-insulating performance is prioritized. In FIG. 1, a plurality of special rooms (insulated priority spaces) are arranged in the hatched portions. In the present embodiment, the special rooms are a toilet, a washroom (dressing room), and a bathroom.

  In the building 1A, the remaining spaces among the plurality of spaces are normal spaces other than the heat-insulating priority space. In FIG. 1, the entrance (normal space), the staircase (normal space), the storage room (normal space), the corridor (normal space), and the general room (normal space) are arranged in a portion other than the hatched portion. . In the present embodiment, the general room is a living room or a kitchen.

In the building 1A, at least a part of the heat flow rate U1 of the outer peripheral wall 2A in contact with the heat-insulating priority space is lower than the minimum value of the heat flow rate U2 of the outer peripheral wall 2 in contact with the normal space. Here, the heat transmissibility U is also called a U value, and is represented by U value (W / m ² · K) = 1 / thermal resistance value. The thermal resistance value is expressed as thermal resistance value (m ² · K / W) = thickness (m) / thermal conductivity (W / m · K).

  In FIG. 1, the range of the outer peripheral wall 2A that is in contact with the heat-insulated priority space (toilet, washroom, bathroom) is indicated by dots. As indicated by the dotted area in FIG. 1, the heat transmissivity U1 of the outer peripheral wall 2 in contact with the three special rooms (toilet, washroom, bathroom) is normal space (entrance, stairs, hallway, storage room, It is lower than the minimum value of the heat transmissibility U2 of the outer peripheral wall 2 in contact with the living room or kitchen. In other words, the heat transmissibility U1 of the outer peripheral wall 2 in contact with the three special chambers is smaller than the minimum value of the heat transmissibility U2 of the outer peripheral wall 2 in contact with the normal space. Therefore, according to the building 1A according to the present embodiment, it is possible to obtain a building in which the space where heat insulation should be given priority is reasonably insulated.

  The heat transmissibility U can be set by, for example, the thickness of the outer peripheral wall 2A, the thickness of the heat insulating material, the material of the member constituting the outer peripheral wall 2A, and the material of the heat insulating material.

  In the building 1 </ b> A according to the present embodiment, the thermal conductivity U of the outer peripheral wall 2 is set by the thickness of the heat insulating material included in the outer peripheral wall 2. Specifically, the thickness of the heat insulating material of the outer peripheral wall 2A (the outer peripheral wall 2A shown in the range of the dots in FIG. 1) in contact with the toilet, washroom, and bathroom is the entrance, stairs, hallway, storage room, living room, kitchen It is made thicker than the thickness of the heat insulating material contained in the outer peripheral wall 2 in contact with the outer peripheral wall 2 (the outer peripheral wall 2 other than the outer peripheral wall 2A shown in the range of the dots in FIG. 1). In this case, it is possible to obtain a building in which the space that should be prioritized for heat insulation is reasonably insulated by a simple method that only changes the thickness of the heat insulating material. Specific examples include a case where a plurality of heat insulating materials having different thicknesses are prepared as the heat insulating material and a case where a plurality of unit heat insulating materials are prepared. However, the method of increasing the thickness of the outer peripheral wall 2 is not limited to these methods.

  When a plurality of heat insulating materials having different thicknesses are prepared as the heat insulating material, a heat insulating material that is thicker than the outer peripheral wall 2 in contact with the normal space is used for the outer peripheral wall 2A in contact with the heat insulating priority space. More specifically, among the plurality of heat insulating materials, one thick heat insulating material is used for the outer peripheral wall 2A in contact with the heat insulating priority space, and the other outer peripheral wall 2 in contact with the normal space is used. On the other hand, one thin insulating material is used.

  On the other hand, in the building 1A according to the present embodiment, the heat insulating material includes a plurality of unit heat insulating materials, and the thickness of the heat insulating material is set by the number of unit heat insulating materials. Here, the “unit heat insulating material” refers to the same type of heat insulating material, that is, the heat insulating material having the same material and the same thermal conductivity, and the term “unit heat insulating material” is used in a normal sense. The term “insulation” is included. The unit heat insulating material includes not only the same thickness but also different thicknesses. In this case, desired heat insulation performance can be obtained by changing the number of unit heat insulating materials. In addition, it is possible to unify the types of heat insulating materials to be used, and therefore, it is possible to prevent erroneous construction that may be caused by using different heat insulating materials, and it is possible to reduce costs. As a specific example, a plurality of unit heat insulating materials are prepared as the heat insulating material, and a larger number of unit heat insulating materials are used for the outer peripheral wall 2A in contact with the heat insulating priority space than in the outer peripheral wall 2 in contact with the normal space. More specifically, one unit heat insulating material is used for the outer peripheral wall 2 in contact with the normal space, and two or more units are used for the other outer peripheral wall 2A in contact with the heat insulating priority space. Use insulation. As a further specific example, a unit heat insulating material having the same thickness is pasted on the entire outer peripheral wall 2 to form the outer peripheral wall 2 in contact with the normal space, and further, a unit heat insulating material having a necessary thickness is provided in the special room. An example of forming the outer peripheral wall 2A in contact with the heat-insulating priority space by pasting is given. In addition, when a plurality of unit heat insulating materials are used for the outer peripheral wall 2 that is in contact with the normal space, the outer peripheral wall 2A that is in contact with the heat-insulated priority space is more than the number used for the outer peripheral wall 2 in contact with the normal space. Use multiple unit insulation. Moreover, as a unit heat insulating material, the unit heat insulating material of the same thickness can be used, and the unit heat insulating material of different thickness can also be used.

  FIG. 2 schematically shows a cross section of the outer peripheral wall 2A in contact with the three special chambers. In the building 1 </ b> A according to the present embodiment, the outer peripheral wall 2 </ b> A includes an ALC (Autoclaved Lightweight Aerated Concret) 3, a heat insulating material 4, and an ALC 3 in order from the outdoor to the indoor. In this embodiment, the heat insulating material 4 is comprised by the two unit heat insulating materials 4A. On the other hand, in FIG. 3, the cross section of the outer peripheral wall 2 which contact | connects normal space is shown typically. In the building 1 </ b> A according to the present embodiment, the outer peripheral wall 2 other than the outer peripheral wall 2 </ b> A is configured by an ALC 3, a heat insulating material 4, and an ALC 3 in order from the outdoor to the indoor. In the present embodiment, the heat insulating material 4 is composed of only one unit heat insulating material 4A. Thereby, desired heat insulation performance can be obtained with respect to the heat insulation priority space by changing the number of unit heat insulating materials 4.

  Moreover, when it is going to improve the heat insulation performance by increasing the thickness of a heat insulating material in the conventional building, you have to increase the thickness of the heat insulating material contained in all the outer peripheral walls. For this reason, if it is going to improve the heat insulation performance in the conventional building, there exists room for improvement in terms of cost. On the other hand, the building 1A according to the present embodiment is advantageous in terms of cost because it is only necessary to change the thickness of the outer peripheral wall 2A in contact with the three special rooms.

  In addition, when the thickness of the heat insulating material is increased in all the outer peripheral walls 2 as in a conventional building, the thickness of all the outer peripheral walls 2 is increased regardless of the use of the space in contact with the outer peripheral wall 2. End up. For this reason, if it is going to improve the heat insulation performance in the conventional building, the space which can be used effectively will decrease. On the other hand, according to the building 1A according to the present embodiment, it is only necessary to change the thickness of the outer peripheral wall 2A in contact with the three special rooms, so that the space can be used effectively.

  As shown in FIG. 1, in the building 1 </ b> A according to the present embodiment, the outer peripheral wall 2 </ b> A in contact with the three special rooms is disposed so as to include the structural pillar 6. Thereby, in this embodiment, the structure pillar 6 exists in 2 A of outer peripheral walls. In this case, it is possible to secure a larger space for filling the heat insulating material than the outer peripheral wall 2 in contact with the normal space by the amount of inclusion of the structural pillar 6, and as a result, the heat insulating performance can be further improved. Further, if the structural column 6 is included in the outer peripheral wall 2A, the room (special room) of the building has a so-called column shape. As a result, the aesthetics of the building can be improved, and box-type sanitary equipment, furniture, and the like such as a vanity can be efficiently stored.

  As shown in FIG. 1, in the building 1 </ b> A according to the present embodiment, the thermal conductivity U <b> 7 of the partition wall 7 between the heat-insulated priority space and the normal space has a partition wall 8 between the heat-insulated priority spaces. And the heat flow rate U9 of the partition wall 9 between the normal spaces is less than or equal to U8. In this case, the outflow of heat from the heat insulation priority space to the normal space can be suppressed. In this embodiment, the partition wall 7 between the heat-insulated priority space and the normal space includes a partition wall between the toilet and the storage room, a partition wall between the toilet and the washroom and the hallway, a bathroom and a kitchen. It is a partition wall between. The partition wall 8 between the heat-insulated priority spaces is a partition wall between the toilet and the washroom, and a partition wall between the washroom and the bathroom. Further, the partition wall 9 between the normal spaces includes a partition wall between the entrance and the stairs, a partition wall between the stairs and the storage room, a partition wall between the hallway and the living room, and a space between the kitchen and the living room. It is a partition wall. When there are a plurality of partition walls 8 between the heat-insulating priority spaces and the partition walls 9 between the normal spaces as in the present embodiment, the heat flow rates U8 and U9 are, for example, the heat flow rates U8, respectively. And the average value of each of U9 can be used.

  Moreover, in the building 1A according to the present embodiment, the heat insulating material (unit heat insulating material) 4 is preferably water-resistant. In this case, the heat insulation performance can be maintained over a long period of time. Examples of such a heat insulating material include a foamed resin heat insulating material, and specific examples include urethane foam, polystyrene foam, and phenol foam. Particularly in this embodiment, phenol foam is preferable.

  Further, in the building according to the present invention, of the plurality of spaces partitioned on the same floor, the plurality of spaces are the heat insulation priority spaces, and the heat insulation priority spaces are arranged adjacent to each other along the outer peripheral wall 2. It is preferable that As shown in FIG. 1, the building 1A according to the present embodiment has three special rooms (toilet, washroom, bathroom) on the same floor, and these special rooms are adjacent to each other along the outer peripheral wall 2A. Are arranged. In the building 1A according to the present embodiment, these special rooms are arranged adjacent to each other along the outer peripheral wall 2A that is continuous in a straight line. Further, in this case, the outer peripheral wall 2A in contact with the three special rooms can be constituted by a single common outer peripheral wall 2, so that the workability for the heat insulation priority space is improved.

  FIG. 4 shows a first floor portion of a building 1B according to the second embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 4, the building 1B according to the present embodiment has four special rooms (a washroom, a bathroom, and a nursing room) on the same floor, and these special rooms are adjacent to each other along the outer peripheral wall 2A. Are arranged. In the building 1B according to the present embodiment, the washroom and the special room of the bathroom are arranged adjacent to each other along the outer peripheral wall 2A that is continuous in a straight line. In this case, the outer peripheral wall 2 </ b> A in contact with the two special chambers can be constituted by a single common outer peripheral wall 2. In addition, special rooms such as bathrooms, toilets, and nursing rooms are also arranged adjacent to each other along the outer peripheral wall 2A that is continuous in a straight line. In this case, the outer peripheral wall 2A in contact with the three special chambers can be constituted by a common outer peripheral wall 2A. Therefore, also in these cases, the workability for the heat insulation priority space is improved.

  In particular, in the building according to the present invention, the outer peripheral wall 2 is preferably such that the entire range of the outer peripheral wall 2 is in contact with the heat insulating priority space. As shown in FIG. 4, in the building 1 </ b> B, the outer peripheral wall 2 </ b> A has a straight continuous portion on the right side in the plan view, and the entire range of the portion constitutes one outer peripheral wall of the building 1 </ b> B. is doing. In the present embodiment, the entire range of the outer peripheral wall 2 on the right side of the building 1 </ b> B is in contact with three special rooms (a bathroom, a toilet, and a care room). In this case, the outer peripheral wall 2A in contact with the three special chambers can be constituted by one common outer peripheral wall 2A. In this case, the workability for the heat-insulated priority space is further improved.

  Moreover, the building which concerns on this invention WHEREIN: It is preferable that the said heat insulation priority space is a space which can produce a temperature difference between the said heat insulation priority space and the adjacent space. As shown in FIG. 1, in the building 1A according to this embodiment, the heat-insulating priority space is a toilet, a dressing room, and a bathroom. As shown in FIG. 4, according to the present invention, the heat-insulating priority space is preferably a space that can cause a temperature difference between adjacent spaces. As a specific example, a space (heat shock space) facing a corridor such as a toilet, a dressing room, a bathroom, a bedroom and the like that can cause a heat shock can be given. In the building 1B according to the present embodiment, the heat-insulating priority space is a toilet, a dressing room, a bathroom, or a care room. Each of the building 1A in FIG. 1 and the building 1B in FIG. 4 is effective for heat shock countermeasures.

  Moreover, the building which concerns on this invention WHEREIN: The ventilation hole shall be provided in the partition wall between the said heat insulation priority space. In this case, it is possible to effectively keep a plurality of heat insulation priority spaces while suppressing cost. This is particularly effective when heat-insulating priority spaces that do not require large-capacity air conditioners are kept warm.

  FIG. 5A shows an arrangement example of an air conditioner applicable to a building according to the present invention. In this example, the air conditioner is arranged in a dressing room. As shown in FIG. 5A, the building 1 </ b> A in FIG. 1 is provided with a vent 10 in the partition wall 8 between the toilet and the washroom. The vent 10 can circulate air between the toilet and the washroom. In this case, the toilet and the washroom can be effectively kept warm while cost is suppressed. Moreover, in this case, it is possible to keep the temperature of a toilet and a washroom that do not require a large-capacity air conditioner at the same time. In the present embodiment, the vent 10 can be opened and closed by the movable space 11.

  FIG. 5B shows another arrangement example of the air conditioner applicable to the building according to the present invention. As shown in FIG. 5B, the building 1 </ b> B in FIG. 4 is also provided with a vent 10 in the partition wall 8 between the washroom and the toilet. As shown to FIG. 5B, in this embodiment, the toilet and the toilet can be opened and closed by the hinge door 12A so that opening and closing is possible. In the present embodiment, the vent 10 is disposed on the hinge door 12A. Also in this embodiment, the vent 10 can be opened and closed by the movable space 11.

  Furthermore, FIG. 5C shows the further example of arrangement | positioning of the air conditioner applicable to the building based on this invention. In the building 1A of FIG. 1 and the building 1B of FIG. 4, a vent 10 can also be provided in the partition wall 8 between the bathroom and the bathroom. In this case, the vent 10 can circulate air between the bathroom and the bathroom. In this embodiment, the washroom and the bathroom can be opened and closed by the sliding door 12B. In the present embodiment, the vent 10 is disposed on the upper part of the slide door 12B. In this case, it is possible to effectively keep the bathroom and bathroom warm while reducing costs. In this case, it is possible to keep the bathroom and bathroom where a large-capacity air conditioner is unnecessary at the same time. Also in this embodiment, the vent 10 can be opened and closed by the movable space 11. Further, if necessary, the partition wall 8 between the toilet and the nursing room can be provided with the vent 10 and the movable column 11 at the upper part of the slide door 12B.

  When the vent 10 is provided in the partition wall 8 between the heat-insulated priority spaces as in the buildings 1A and 1B according to the present embodiment, an air conditioner is provided in one of the heat-insulated priority spaces. Is preferred. In this case, a plurality of heat insulation priority spaces can be kept warm efficiently and simultaneously.

  In the building 1A of FIG. 1 and the building 1B of FIG. 4, an air conditioner 13 is provided in the washroom. In this case, two special rooms such as a toilet and a washroom can be efficiently and simultaneously maintained, and if necessary, three special rooms including a bathroom can be kept warm.

  In the building which concerns on this invention, the air conditioning apparatus which air-conditions each of the said heat insulation priority space simultaneously can be provided in the partition wall between the said heat insulation priority space. In this case as well, a plurality of heat-insulating priority spaces separated by one partition wall can be kept warm effectively and at the same time while the cost is reduced by the common air conditioner. For example, in the building 1A of FIG. 1A and the building 1B of FIG. 4, if one air conditioner is embedded in the partition wall 8 between the toilet and the washroom, each of the toilet and the washroom can be air-conditioned. In particular, when the air conditioner is a radiation type air conditioner, it is desirable because it is possible to simultaneously realize the shielding of the line of sight between the heat insulation priority spaces and the air conditioning of both spaces. As such a radiation type air conditioner, for example, a heat dissipating panel “Thermoid” (registered trademark) TM850-HCA (produced by Mitsubishi Plastics Co., Ltd., producer and director: Asahi Kasei Homes Co., Ltd.) This is particularly effective when heat-insulating priority spaces (toilet and washroom) that do not require a large-capacity air conditioner, such as the building 1A in FIG. 1A and the building 1B in FIG.

  Next, the heat source which gives heat to the heat insulation priority space of this invention is demonstrated. In the present invention, the heat-insulated priority space is unlikely to lose heat. For this reason, although a heat source is not specifically limited, In order to realize the heat insulation performance, it is preferable to positively apply heat. In particular, it is preferable to use an energy efficient air conditioner, natural energy, waste heat, or the like as a heat source from the viewpoint of improving energy saving performance.

  In the building according to the present invention, the air conditioner may be a ceiling embedded type air conditioner. In the present embodiment, the air conditioner 13 is a ceiling embedded type air conditioner. In this case, even if the heat insulation priority space is a relatively narrow space such as a toilet, a washroom, and a bathroom, the heat insulation priority space can be efficiently kept warm.

  In the building according to the present invention, the air conditioner may be a heat pump type air conditioner. In this case, heat insulation can be performed using an existing air conditioner such as an air conditioner, a heat pump floor heater, or a heat pump type radiation panel. For example, in the building 1B of FIG. 4, if an air conditioner is arranged in the nursing room, the toilet and the nursing room can be kept warm simultaneously through the vent (10) between the toilet and the nursing room.

  Moreover, the building which concerns on this invention WHEREIN: The said air conditioner shall be a hot water supply heat and waste heat utilization type air conditioner. In this case, heat insulation can be performed using hot water supplied from a water heater or bath water in a bathroom. Specific examples include a heating device using hot water or bath water as a heat source.

  Furthermore, the building which concerns on this invention WHEREIN: The said air conditioner shall be a solar energy utilization type air conditioner. In this case, the heat-insulated priority space can be kept warm by taking solar heat (sunlight: direct sunlight) from an opening (for example, a window). Alternatively, in this case, heat insulation can be performed using warm air or warm water using solar heat. As a specific example, there is a heating device using hot air / hot water using solar heat as a heat source.

  Moreover, the building which concerns on this invention WHEREIN: The said heat insulation priority space shall be in contact with the non-warming space connected with the entrance, and shall be connected with the said non-warming space via the entrance / exit fitting. Examples of the non-warming space include a normal space that is not kept warm. In the building 1A of FIG. 1, the toilet and the washroom are in contact with the corridor / storage room communicating with the entrance, and hinge doors 12A (entrance door fittings) / sliding doors 12B (entrance door fittings) are connected to the corridors / storage rooms. Communicated through. According to the present embodiment, it is possible to make it difficult for the heat shock phenomenon to occur even in such a case where the floor space is likely to cause the heat shock phenomenon. Moreover, in the building 1B of FIG. 4, the washroom is in contact with the hallway communicating with the entrance, and communicates with the hallway via the hinge door 12A. This case is also effective for heat shock countermeasures.

  Moreover, the building which concerns on this invention WHEREIN: The said heat insulation priority space shall be interrupted | blocked with respect to the warming space. Examples of the warming space include the heat insulation priority space or the warmed normal space. In the building 1B of FIG. 4, the bathroom is blocked from the hallway / living room. According to the present embodiment, it is possible to make it difficult for the heat shock phenomenon to occur even in such a case where the floor space is likely to cause the heat shock phenomenon.

  FIG. 6 is a plan view of the first floor portion of a building 1C according to the third embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 6, the internal structure of the building 1 </ b> C is simplified and illustrated with only the special room, the general room, and the outer peripheral wall 2. In FIG. 6, the outer peripheral wall 2 shows only ALC 3 and the heat insulating material 4 (unit heat insulating material 4A). As shown in FIG. 6, in the building 1 </ b> C, the outer peripheral wall 2 </ b> A in contact with the special room includes two unit heat insulating materials 4 </ b> A. In contrast, the outer peripheral wall 2 in contact with the general chamber includes one unit heat insulating material 4A. As described above, also in the building 1C, the thickness of the heat insulating material 4 included in the outer peripheral wall 2 is changed between the special room and the general room, and the entire outer peripheral wall 2A in contact with the special room is in contact with the general room. If it is made thicker than the thickness of the outer peripheral wall 2, it is possible to obtain a building in which the space that should be prioritized for heat insulation is reasonably insulated by a simple method that only changes the thickness of the heat insulating material 4.

  The building 1C according to the present embodiment is a flat roof type two-story building. FIG. 7 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the first floor portion of the building 1C of FIG. FIG. 7 mainly shows the first floor (grounding floor) of the building 1C. In FIG. 7, the internal structure of the first floor is simplified by only a special room, a general room, the outer peripheral wall 2, the floor 14 of the first floor, and the foundation 16. In FIG. 7, the outer peripheral wall 2 shows only ALC3 and the heat insulating material 4 (unit heat insulating material 4A). In FIG. 7, the floor 14 shows only the heat insulating material 4 (unit heat insulating material 4 </ b> A) and the floor slab 15.

  FIG. 8 mainly shows the second floor (top floor) of the building 1C. FIG. 8 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the second floor portion of the building 1C of FIG. In FIG. 8, the internal structure of the second floor is shown in a simplified manner with only a special room, a general room, an outer peripheral wall 2, a roof wall (wall on the roof side) 17, and a floor 20 on the second floor. In FIG. 8, the outer peripheral wall 2 shows only ALC3 and the heat insulating material 4 (unit heat insulating material 4A). In FIG. 8, the roof wall 17 shows only the heat insulating material 4 (unit heat insulating material 4 </ b> A) and the roof slab 18. In FIG. 8, the floor 20 on the second floor shows only the floor slab 21 and the flooring material 22.

  As shown in FIGS. 6 to 8, the building 1 </ b> C according to the present embodiment has an inner heat insulating structure in which the heat insulating material 4 is disposed inside the outer peripheral wall 2. As shown in FIG. 6, the special room and the general room on the first floor are arranged at positions aligned with the special room and the general room on the second floor in plan view.

  In the building according to the present invention, the heat-insulated priority space and the normal space are on a ground floor, and the heat-transfer coefficient U3 on the floor side of the heat-insulated priority space is lower than the heat-transfer coefficient U4 on the floor side of the normal space. It is preferable. In this case, the heat insulation performance of the entire heat insulation priority space can be improved by improving the heat insulation performance on the floor side. In the present embodiment, the heat insulation performance on the floor side of the first floor is obtained by the heat insulating material arranged on the floor 14 of the building 1C (floor heat insulation fit). As shown in FIG. 7, in the building 1 </ b> C, the heat insulating material 4 of the floor 14 of the general room on the first floor is composed of one unit heat insulating material 4 </ b> A. On the other hand, the heat insulating material 4 of the floor 14 of the special room on the first floor is composed of a plurality of unit heat insulating materials 4A. In this embodiment, the heat insulating material 4 of the floor 14 of the special room is composed of two unit heat insulating materials 4A. Thereby, the thickness of the heat insulating material 4 of the floor 14 of the special room becomes thicker than the thickness of the heat insulating material 4 of the floor 14 of the general room. In this case, the heat insulation performance of the entire special room can be improved by improving the heat insulation performance of the floor 14 on the first floor.

  Moreover, in the building which concerns on this invention, the floor of the said heat insulation priority space contains a floor slab and a heat insulating material, and while the said heat insulating material is arrange | positioned on a floor slab, the heat insulating material of the said outer peripheral wall, and the said heat insulation priority space It is preferable that it is continuous with at least one of the heat insulating materials of the partition wall that partitions the wall. In this case, the heat insulation performance of the whole heat insulation priority space can be improved more. As shown in FIG. 7, in the building 1 </ b> C, the floor 14 of the special room on the first floor includes a floor slab 15 and a heat insulating material 4, and the heat insulating material 4 is disposed on the floor slab 15. Moreover, in this embodiment, among the heat insulating materials 4 of the floor 14 of the special room on the first floor, the unit heat insulating material 4A on one side (indoor side) is the heat insulating material 4 on the outer peripheral wall 2 (unit heat insulating material 4A on the indoor side) and It continues to both the heat insulating materials 4 (unit heat insulating material 4A) of the partition wall. In this case, the heat insulation performance of the entire first floor special room can be improved more efficiently.

  Moreover, in the building which concerns on this invention, the roof is formed immediately above the said heat insulation priority space and the said normal space, The heat-transfer coefficient U5 of the wall of the roof side of the said heat insulation priority space is the roof side of the said normal space. It is preferable that it is lower than the thermal conductivity U6 of the wall. In this case, the heat insulation performance of the whole heat insulation priority space can be improved by improving the heat insulation performance under the roof. As shown in FIG. 8, in the building 1C, the heat insulating material 4 of the roof wall 17 of the second floor general room is composed of one unit heat insulating material 4A. On the other hand, the heat insulating material 4 of the roof wall 17 of the special room on the second floor is composed of a plurality of unit heat insulating materials 4A. In this embodiment, the heat insulating material 4 of the roof wall 17 of the special room is composed of two unit heat insulating materials 4A. Thereby, the thickness of the heat insulating material 4 of the roof wall 17 of a special room becomes thicker than the thickness of the heat insulating material 4 of the roof wall 17 of a general room. In this case, the heat insulation performance of the entire special room can be improved by improving the heat insulation performance of the roof wall 17.

  In the building according to the present invention, the roof side wall of the heat-insulating priority space includes a roof slab and a heat insulating material, and the heat insulating material is disposed under the roof slab, and the heat insulating material and the partition wall of the outer peripheral wall. It is preferable that it is continuous with at least one of the heat insulating materials. In this case, the heat insulation performance of the whole heat insulation priority space can be improved more. As shown in FIG. 8, in the building 1 </ b> C, the roof wall 17 of the special room on the second floor includes a roof slab 18 and a heat insulating material 4, and the heat insulating material 4 is disposed below the roof slab 18. Moreover, in this embodiment, among the heat insulating materials 4 of the roof wall 17 of the second floor special room, one (inner side) unit heat insulating material 4A is the heat insulating material 4 (inner unit heat insulating material 4A) of the outer peripheral wall 2 and the partition. It is continuous with both of the wall insulation 4 (unit insulation 4A). In this case, the heat insulation performance of the entire second floor special room can be improved more efficiently.

  In the building 1 </ b> C according to this embodiment, the floor 20 on the second floor does not include the heat insulating material 4. This is because the special rooms on the upper and lower floors can function as one heat insulating layer. However, it is possible to include the heat insulating material 4 in the floor 20 on the second floor. Further, in the building 1C, as with the floor 14 on the first floor, the thickness of the heat insulating material 4 on the floor 20 in contact with the special room can be made larger than the thickness of the heat insulating material 4 on the floor 20 in contact with the general room.

  FIG. 9 is a plan view of the first floor portion of a building 1D according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention. The building 1D according to the present embodiment is also a flat roof type two-story building. FIG. 10 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the first floor portion of the building 1D of FIG. FIG. 11 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the second floor portion of the building 1D of FIG.

  As shown in FIGS. 9 to 11, the building 1 </ b> D according to the present embodiment has an outer heat insulating structure in which the heat insulating material 4 is disposed outside the outer peripheral wall 2. As shown in FIG. 9, the special room and the general room on the first floor are arranged at positions aligned with the special room and the general room on the second floor in a plan view like the building 1 </ b> C of FIG. 6.

  In the building 1D according to the present embodiment as well, as shown in FIG. 9, at the same floor, at least a part of the outer wall 2A in contact with the heat-insulated priority space U1 has a heat flow rate U1 of the outer wall 2 in contact with the normal space. It is lower than the minimum value of U2. In the present embodiment, the heat transmissibility U1 of the outer peripheral wall 2 is also set by the thickness of the heat insulating material included in the outer peripheral wall 2. In the building 1D according to the present embodiment, the outer peripheral wall 2A in contact with the special room has an ALC 3 and a heat insulating material 4. In the present embodiment, the heat insulating material 4 in the special room is composed of two unit heat insulating materials 4A. In the present embodiment, the ALC 3 is interposed between the two unit heat insulating materials 4A as an intermediate wall. On the other hand, the outer peripheral wall 2 in contact with the general chamber also has a heat insulating material 4 and an ALC 3. In the present embodiment, the heat insulating material 4 in the general room is one unit heat insulating material 4A. Thus, the sum total of the heat insulating material 4 contained in the outer peripheral wall 2 is changed between the special room and the general room, and the total thickness of the outer peripheral wall 2A in contact with the special room is more than the thickness of the outer peripheral wall 2 in contact with the general room. Even if the thickness is increased, a building in which the space that should be prioritized for heat insulation can be reasonably insulated can be obtained by a simple method by simply changing the thickness of the heat insulating material 4.

  Further, in the building 1D according to the present embodiment, as in the building 1C, the heat-transfer coefficient U3 on the floor side of the heat insulation priority space on the ground floor is lower than the heat-transfer coefficient U4 on the floor side of the normal space. In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 10, the floor 14 of the general room on the first floor does not include the heat insulating material 4 in the building 1 </ b> D. In the present embodiment, the heat insulation performance on the floor side of the general room on the first floor is acquired by the heat insulating material 4 (in the present embodiment, one unit heat insulating material 4A) arranged outside the base 16 (the basic heat insulating property). Set). On the other hand, the heat insulation performance on the floor side of the special room on the first floor includes the heat insulating material 4 (in this embodiment, one unit heat insulating material 4A) disposed on the floor 14 of the building 1D, and the heat insulating material 4A Acquired (floor insulation fit). That is, the floor side heat insulation performance of the special room on the first floor is the floor heat insulation fit between the heat insulating material 4 (4A) disposed outside the foundation 16 and the heat insulating material 4 (4A) included in the floor 14. Acquired in combination with basic insulation fit. Also in this case, the heat insulation performance of the whole special room can be improved by improving the heat insulation performance of the floor on the first floor.

  In addition, the building 1D according to the present embodiment also has a roof formed immediately above the heat-insulated priority space and the normal space, and the heat permeability U5 of the wall on the roof side of the heat-insulated priority space is the same as that of the normal space. It is lower than the thermal conductivity U6 of the wall on the roof side. In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 11, in the building 1 </ b> D, the heat insulating material 4 of the roof wall 17 of the second floor general room is composed of one unit heat insulating material 4 </ b> A. On the other hand, the heat insulating material 4 of the roof wall 17 of the special room on the second floor is composed of a plurality of unit heat insulating materials 4A. In this embodiment, the roof wall 17 of the special room is composed of two unit heat insulating materials 4A. In the present embodiment, the ALC 3 is interposed between the two unit heat insulating materials 4A as an intermediate wall. Thus, the sum total of the heat insulating material 4 contained in the roof wall 17 is changed between the special room and the general room, and the thickness of the entire roof wall 17 directly above the special room is changed to the roof wall directly above the general room. Even when the thickness is larger than 17, the heat insulation performance of the entire special room can be improved by improving the heat insulation performance of the roof wall 17.

  As mentioned above, according to this invention, the building where the space which should give priority to heat insulation was rationally insulated can be provided.

  The above is an example of various embodiments of the present invention, and various modifications can be made according to the description of the scope of claims. In the building according to the present invention, the outer peripheral wall 2 is preferably composed of a plurality of unit outer peripheral walls. In this case, the workability for the heat insulation priority space and the normal space is improved. Various configurations employed in the above-described embodiments can be appropriately replaced with each other.

  1A: Building (first embodiment), 1B: Building (second embodiment), 1C: Building (third embodiment), 2: Outer wall (outer wall in contact with normal space), 2A: Outer wall (insulation priority) 3) ALC, 4: Insulating material, 4A: Unit insulating material, 6: Structural pillar, 7: Partition wall between heat-insulating priority space and normal space, 8: Between heat-insulating priority space 9: Partition wall between normal spaces, 10: Vent, 11: Movable column, 12A: Hinge door, 12B: Slide door, 13: Air conditioner, 14: Floor on the first floor (ground floor) 15: floor slab, 16: foundation, 17: roof wall (wall on the roof side), 18: roof slab, 20: floor on the second floor (top floor), 21: floor slab, 22: flooring material

Claims (22)

It is equipped with multiple spaces in contact with the outer wall on the same floor,
At least one of the plurality of spaces is a heat insulation priority space where heat insulation performance is prioritized,
Of the plurality of spaces, the remaining space is a normal space other than the heat-insulating priority space,
The building in which the thermal conductivity of at least a part of the outer peripheral wall in contact with the heat-insulating priority space is lower than the minimum value of the thermal conductivity of the outer peripheral wall in contact with the normal space.   The building according to claim 1, wherein the thermal conductivity of the outer peripheral wall is set by a thickness of a heat insulating material included in the outer peripheral wall.   The building according to claim 2, wherein the heat insulating material includes a plurality of unit heat insulating materials, and the thickness of the heat insulating material is set by the number of the unit heat insulating materials.   The building according to claim 1, wherein the outer peripheral wall in contact with the heat-insulating priority space is disposed so as to include a structural column. Of the plurality of spaces, a plurality of spaces is the heat-insulating priority space, and the remaining spaces are a plurality of normal spaces,
The thermal conductivity of the partition wall between the heat-insulated priority space and the normal space is equal to or lower than the heat conductivity of the partition wall between the heat-insulated priority spaces, and the partition wall between the normal spaces. The building according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the building has a heat transmissibility or less.   The building according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the heat insulating material has water resistance. Of the plurality of spaces, a plurality of spaces is the heat-insulating priority space,
The said heat insulation priority space is a building of any one of Claims 1 thru | or 6 arrange | positioned adjacent to each other along the said outer peripheral wall.   The said outer peripheral wall is a building of any one of Claims 1 thru | or 6 with which the whole range of the said outer peripheral wall is in contact with the said heat insulation priority space.   The said heat insulation priority space is a building of any one of Claims 1 thru | or 8 which is a space which can produce a temperature difference between the said heat insulation priority space and the adjacent space. Of the plurality of spaces, a plurality of spaces is the heat-insulating priority space,
The building according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein a vent hole is provided in a partition wall between the heat-insulating priority spaces.   The building according to claim 10, wherein an air conditioner is provided in any one of the heat insulation priority spaces. Of the plurality of spaces, a plurality of spaces is the heat-insulating priority space,
The building according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein an air conditioning device that simultaneously air-conditions each of the heat-insulated priority spaces is provided on a partition wall between the heat-insulated priority spaces.   The building according to claim 11 or 12, wherein the air conditioner is a ceiling embedded type air conditioner.   The building according to claim 11, wherein the air conditioner is a heat pump type air conditioner.   The building according to any one of claims 11 to 13, wherein the air conditioner is a hot water supply / waste heat utilization type air conditioner.   The building according to claim 11, wherein the air conditioner is a solar energy utilization type air conditioner.   The building according to any one of claims 1 to 16, wherein the heat-insulated priority space is in contact with a non-heated space communicating with the entrance, and communicates with the normal space via an entrance fitting.   The building according to any one of claims 1 to 16, wherein the heat insulation priority space is blocked from a warming space. The heat insulation priority space and the normal space are on the ground floor,
The building according to any one of claims 1 to 18, wherein a heat-transfer rate on the floor side of the heat-insulated priority space is lower than a heat-transfer rate on the floor side of the normal space. The floor of the heat-insulated priority space includes a floor slab and a heat insulating material,
The heat insulating material is arranged on the floor slab and is continuous with at least one of the heat insulating material of the outer peripheral wall and the heat insulating material of the partition wall that partitions the heat insulating priority space. Building. A roof is formed immediately above the heat insulation priority space and the normal space,
The building according to any one of claims 1 to 20, wherein the heat-transfer coefficient of the wall on the roof side of the heat-insulating priority space is lower than the heat-transfer coefficient of the wall on the roof side of the normal space. The roof side wall of the heat-insulating priority space includes a roof slab and a heat insulating material,
The building according to claim 21, wherein the heat insulating material is disposed under the roof slab and is continuous with at least one of the heat insulating material of the outer peripheral wall and the heat insulating material of the partition wall.

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