JP2019173913A - Lock type bidirectional clutch utilizing link member - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a small-sized and positive operation-type lock type bidirectional clutch in which a link member is mounted between an output member and a fixed part to prevent transmittance of rotation from the output member to an input member.SOLUTION: An input member 2 and an output member 3 with a pair of input driving pieces 23A, 23B are mounted in a housing 1, and also a cam member 4 formed in an annular shape to enclose the output member 3 is attached to the housing 1 and fixed. A link member 5 that can be rotated around a center of a pivot shaft 51 is pivoted to the output member 3 and an engaging shaft 52 arranged at an extremity end of the link member 5 is oppositely faced against an outer peripheral surface of the cam member 4 formed with a cam surface becoming a recess. When the input member 2 is rotated, one of the pair of input driving pieces 23A, 23B is abutted against the link member 5 and the other input driving piece presses an output engaging member 3F to rotate the output member 3. When the output member 3 is rotated, the link member 5 is inclined with respect to the radial direction to cause the engaging shaft 52 to be abutted against the cam surface and stop a rotation of the output member 3.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention is a clutch device that changes a power transmission state between an input shaft and an output shaft, and in particular, transmits power of normal / reverse rotation from the input shaft to the output shaft, and power transmission from the output shaft is: The present invention relates to a lock-type bidirectional clutch that shuts off an output shaft as being unrotatable.

In a power transmission system that drives a mechanical device or the like from a driving source such as a motor, various transmission devices are used so as to correspond to the characteristics of the device to be driven. Among such transmission devices, what is called a “two-way clutch (or“ reverse input cutoff clutch ”) is a power transmission from the input shaft (drive side) to the output shaft (driven side). Both the rotation in the direction and the reverse direction are transmitted to the output shaft, and the power transmission from the output shaft to the input shaft in the opposite direction is cut off. The bidirectional clutch includes a clutch that locks the output shaft when the transmission of power from the output shaft is interrupted so that the output shaft cannot rotate, and is called a lock-type bidirectional clutch.
The lock-type bidirectional clutch can be used, for example, in an elevating device that moves an article up and down by a motor so that the position of the article is automatically held when the motor is stopped. In the bidirectional clutch of this device, when the input shaft is rotated forward / reversely by the motor, the output shaft is linked forward / reversely to move the article up / down while the output shaft is rotated forward / reversely. The shaft is locked to prevent the article from falling.

  An outline of the lifting device using the lock type bidirectional clutch and an example of the structure of the bidirectional clutch will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 9 shows a cross-sectional structure of a lifting / lowering device that moves an article up and down by a belt and a pulley and a lock type bidirectional clutch used in the driving device. FIG. 10 (a) shows an output shaft interlocked with an input shaft. 10B shows a cross section AA of the lock type bidirectional clutch in a state where the article is raised and lowered, and FIG. 10B shows a cross section AA of the state where the output shaft is locked to prevent the article from falling.

  The lifting device of FIG. 9 is a device in which a belt B is stretched between pulleys P1 and P2 arranged above and below, and an article W to be transferred to the belt B is fixed, and the upper pulley P1 is rotationally driven. The motor M which can be rotated forward / reversely is connected via a lock type bidirectional clutch DC. The lock-type bidirectional clutch DC has an input shaft IS connected to the motor M, an output shaft OS connected to the pulley P1, and a fixed housing HG. As shown in the section AA, in the housing HG of the lock type bidirectional clutch DC, the input shaft IS is divided into a plurality of fan-shaped portions, and the output shaft OS is fitted inside the fan-shaped portion. The output shaft OS is provided with a protruding portion that enters with a slight gap between adjacent fan-shaped portions of the input shaft IS, and a V-shaped recess VR formed at the tip of the protruding portion and the housing HG. A roller R is interposed between the two.

As shown in FIG. 10A, when the input shaft IS is rotated by the motor M, the side surface of the fan-shaped portion of the input shaft IS simultaneously contacts the roller R and the side surface of the protruding portion of the output shaft OS, and the output shaft OS Are rotated at the same speed in the same direction while being pushed by the input shaft IS. The same applies to the case where the input shaft IS rotates in the reverse direction. When the motor M is rotated forward / reversely in the lifting device of FIG. 7, the article W fixed on the belt B can be raised or lowered.
On the other hand, when the output shaft OS rotates, as shown in FIG. 8B, the roller R is pushed up to the slope of the V-shaped recess VR by a small amount of rotation, and moves outward. It is caught between the HG and the protruding portion of the output shaft OS. As a result, the output shaft OS is locked and stopped at that position, and rotation is not transmitted to the input shaft IS. That is, in the lifting device of FIG. 9, even if the driving by the motor M is stopped, the article W can be automatically prevented from falling due to its own weight. Such a lock-type bidirectional clutch is disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 4850653, which is a prior application of the present applicant.

  The lock-type bidirectional clutch can be applied to, for example, an elevating device that transfers a paper table on which a paper is placed, or an elevating device that raises and lowers a window blind of a building in a finisher of a copying machine. And if this is used, automatic power transmission can be controlled by a simple device, and there is no need to use electric power or the like, for example, when an electromagnetic clutch and a brake mechanism are provided for electrical control. At the same time, when there is an unexpected reverse input from the output shaft side, the motor of the drive source can be protected.

Japanese Patent No. 4850653

  As described above, the lock-type two-way clutch shown in FIG. 9 is a compact mechanical part that can reliably control power transmission, but there is still room for improvement depending on the application. The present invention solves the following problems of a lock type bidirectional clutch.

  The lock-type two-way clutch in FIG. 9 transmits and blocks rotation by using the biting of the roller R and the release thereof. In order for the roller R to be engaged between the V-shaped recess VR of the output shaft and the surface of the housing HG, the angle at which the two contact points of the roller R intersect (so-called “contact angle”) is important. If the angle is too large, the roller R slips and rotation of the output shaft cannot be prevented. On the other hand, if the angle is small, excessive biting occurs and the torque required for release increases. In order to prevent such a problem, high dimensional accuracy is required for the roller R and the V-shaped recess VR.

Since the roller R is in contact with the V-shaped recess VR and the surface of the housing HG, when the rotation is transmitted from the input shaft side to the output shaft side, the components of the components are caused by the rolling of the roller R. Wear occurs and slipping occurs during operation. When an impact is applied from outside during operation, components such as the housing HG are elastically deformed, and in an extreme case, the roller R falls off the V-shaped recess VR and the operation becomes impossible. There is. On the other hand, when the rotation from the output shaft side is blocked, when the reverse torque from the output shaft side increases, the roller R remains stuck between the V-shaped recess VR and the housing HG. Even if the fan-shaped portion of the input shaft abuts, it is not released, and there is a possibility that rotation transmission from the input shaft side may become impossible.
An object of the present invention is to install a link member between the input shaft and the output shaft and change the posture of the link member so as to eliminate such problems of the conventional lock type bidirectional clutch using a roller. Another object of the present invention is to provide a lock-type bidirectional clutch having a simple and compact configuration that allows transmission and interruption of rotation.

In view of the above problems, the lock-type bidirectional clutch of the present invention has a fixed cam member that is annular around the output member (output shaft), forms a cam surface on the outer peripheral surface, and outputs the output member. A link member is installed between the cam member and the cam surface, and the posture of the link member is controlled by an input member (input shaft) to transmit and block rotation with the output member. That is, the present invention
“A non-rotatable housing, an input member and an output member that are rotatable around a common rotation axis in the housing, and forward / reverse rotation from the input member is transmitted to the output member, and Transmission of rotation from the output member to the input member is a lock-type bidirectional clutch that is shut off because the output shaft cannot rotate,
A cam member formed in an annular shape surrounding the output member is fixed to the housing, and a cam surface serving as a recess is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the cam member.
An output engaging member having a pair of contact surfaces radially outward from the outer peripheral surface of the cam member is fixed to the output member, and a link member pivotable about a pivot is pivotally attached. And
The link member is provided with an engagement shaft that can contact the cam surface of the cam member, and a connecting portion that connects the pivot and the engagement shaft.
The input member is provided with a pair of input drive pieces radially outward from the outer peripheral surface of the cam member,
When the input member rotates, one of the input drive pieces simultaneously holds the link member in a neutral position where the engagement shaft is located on the same radius as the pivot, while the other of the input drive pieces is When the output member is rotated by pressing one contact surface of the output engagement member, and the output member rotates, the link member rotates from the neutral position, and the engagement shaft Is in contact with the cam surface of the cam member, and the rotation of the output member is prevented. ''
This is a lock type two-way clutch.

  In the lock-type bidirectional clutch of the present invention, a plurality of link members are pivotally attached to the output member at equal intervals, and the outer peripheral surface of the cam member has a non-integer multiple of the link members. The cam surface can be formed.

  Further, in the lock type bidirectional clutch of the present invention, the engagement shaft of the link member is accommodated in a groove of a retainer member that is rotatably installed in the housing, and the housing and the retainer member A wave spring is installed between them, and a resistance force can be applied to the rotation of the retainer member. In this case, the retainer member is provided with an input engaging portion, and when the input member rotates, one of the input drive pieces comes into contact with the input engaging portion, and the link member is brought into the neutral position. It can be configured to hold.

  In order to pivotally attach the link member to the output member, a groove having a U-shaped cross-section with a radially outward opening is formed in the output member, and the pivot shaft of the link member has a U-shaped cross-section. It can be configured to be inserted into the groove and abut against the inner peripheral surface of the annular cam member.

  In the lock type two-way clutch of the present invention, an input member and an output member having a common rotating shaft are installed in a fixed housing, and a cam member formed in an annular shape so as to surround the output member is fixed to the housing. And the cam surface used as a recess is formed in the outer peripheral surface of a cam member. The output member is pivotally attached with a link member that can pivot about a pivot, and the link member is provided with an engagement shaft that can contact the cam surface of the outer peripheral surface of the cam member. Then, the output engagement member is fixed to the output member, and a pair of contact surfaces positioned radially outward from the outer peripheral surface of the cam member is formed on the output member. A pair of input drive pieces to be engaged is provided.

  In the lock type two-way clutch of the present invention, when the engaging shaft of the link member pivotally attached to the output member is in a neutral position located on the same radius as the pivot shaft, the input member (and The radial distance from the rotation axis of the output member) is the maximum. In this state, the output shaft can rotate because the engagement shaft of the link member does not contact the outer peripheral surface of the annular output member. However, when the link member is rotated with respect to the output member and the connecting portion is inclined with respect to the radial direction, the radial distance from the rotation shaft of the engagement shaft is reduced. Therefore, the engaging shaft of the link member enters the recess on the outer peripheral surface of the cam member fixed to the housing and comes into contact with the cam surface, and the output member cannot be rotated.

The neutral position or the inclined state of the link member is controlled by an input drive piece provided on the input member. When the input member rotates, one of the pair of input drive pieces comes into contact with the link member or the like, and the link member is held in a neutral position where the engaging shaft is located on the same radius as the pivot. At the same time, the other input drive piece presses one of the pair of contact surfaces formed on the output engagement member fixed to the output member (which is switched in the rotation direction of the input member), whereby the input member The output member is rotated so as to be rotated.
On the other hand, when the output member rotates, the link member moves in the rotational direction integrally with the output member while the pivot shaft pivotally attached to the output member moves, while the radially outward engagement shaft moves. In order to delay by the resistance force or the inertia acting on it, it rotates relative to the output member, and the connecting portion is inclined with respect to the radial direction. The engagement shaft of the link member contacts the cam surface of the outer peripheral surface of the fixed cam member, and stops the rotation of the output member.

As described above, the lock-type bidirectional clutch of the present invention transmits the rotation of the input member to the output member using the link member pivotally attached to the output member, and the rotation of the output member is The output member is blocked as non-rotatable without being transmitted to the input member. This lock type two-way clutch is reliable in operation, has few components, and can easily be made compact and compact as a whole. The locking of the output member due to the contact between the link member and the cam surface does not require high precision of parts as much as the roller bites between the two surfaces, and the link member connected by the pivot is not required. There is no risk of falling off the output member.
Further, the lock type bidirectional clutch of the present invention is not a link member that transmits and blocks rotation by using the engagement and release of a roller, unlike the lock type bidirectional clutch of Patent Document 1. The rotation transmission is controlled by contacting and releasing the (engagement shaft) and one cam surface. Therefore, the component parts do not wear or slip due to the rolling of the parts, and the link member (engagement shaft) remains on the cam surface even if the reverse torque from the output member side increases. It will not be impossible to release it.

  As an embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of link members are pivotally attached to the output member at equal intervals, and a cam surface of a non-integer multiple of the link members is formed at equal intervals on the outer peripheral surface of the cam member. it can. If comprised in this way, when an output member rotates, any one of several link members will contact | abut to a cam surface, and an output member will stop in a stop position. In other words, since a plurality of link members do not contact a plurality of cam surfaces at the same time, output member stop positions are generated in the circumferential direction by “the number of link members × the number of cam surfaces”. If it is made very small, high accuracy can be achieved, and at the same time, the so-called dead time until the output member rotates and then stops can be shortened.

As an embodiment of the engaging shaft portion of the link member of the present invention, it can be accommodated in a groove of a retainer member rotatably installed in the housing, and a wave spring can be installed between the housing and the retainer member. . Thus, a resistance force is applied to the rotation of the retainer member by the wave spring, and when the output member rotates, the movement of the engaging shaft of the link member is delayed and comes into contact with the cam surface without fail. .
Furthermore, when such a retainer member is installed, an input engagement portion is provided on the retainer member, and when the input member rotates, one of the input drive pieces of the input member abuts on the input engagement portion, The link member can be held in a neutral position. Thereby, it becomes possible to increase the degree of freedom in designing the input drive piece in the input member.

  Further, as an embodiment when the link member of the present invention is pivotally attached to the output member, a groove having a U-shaped cross-section with the radially outward opening is formed in the output member, and the pivot axis of the link member is It can be inserted into a groove having a U-shaped cross section and brought into contact with the inner peripheral surface of the annular cam member. In this way, the diameter of the output member pivotally attached to the link member can be made as small as possible, so that the lock type bidirectional clutch can be made compact, and the link member can be assembled from the outside in the radial direction of the output member. Thus, the lock type bidirectional clutch can be easily manufactured.

1 is an overall view showing a first embodiment of a lock-type bidirectional clutch of the present invention. FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of the lock-type bidirectional clutch of FIG. 1 in parts. It is a single figure of the main components of the lock type bidirectional clutch of FIG. It is a figure explaining the action | operation at the time of rotation transmission of the lock type bidirectional | two-way clutch of FIG. It is a figure explaining the action | operation at the time of transmission interruption | blocking of the lock type bidirectional | two-way clutch of FIG. It is a general view showing a second embodiment of the lock type bidirectional clutch of the present invention. It is a single figure of the main components of the lock type bidirectional clutch of FIG. It is a figure explaining the action | operation at the time of rotation transmission of the lock type bidirectional | two-way clutch of FIG. It is a general view which shows an example of the conventional lock type bidirectional clutch. It is explanatory drawing explaining the action | operation of the lock type bidirectional | two-way clutch of FIG.

  Hereinafter, the lock type bidirectional clutch of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows the overall structure of a first embodiment of the lock-type bidirectional clutch of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a perspective view exploded into single parts, and FIG. 3 is a projected view of main parts. 4 and 5 are explanatory views for explaining the operation of the lock type bidirectional clutch of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 1, the lock-type bidirectional clutch of the first embodiment includes a fixed housing 1 having a space having a circular cross section, and an input member having a common rotation axis o at the center of the housing 1. 2 and the output member 3 are installed. For example, the input member 2 is connected to a drive source such as a drive motor, and the output member 3 is connected to a driven device such as an elevating device that conveys the article up and down.
The input member 2 includes a shaft portion 21 and a disc portion 22, and a pair of input drive pieces 23A and 23B are fixed to the surface of the disc portion 22 opposite to the shaft portion 21 (FIG. 3 ( See also d)). In the first embodiment, the input drive pieces 23 </ b> A and 23 </ b> B are symmetrically formed in an arc shape along the peripheral edge portion of the disc portion 22. In the first embodiment, the shaft portion 21 of the input member 2 is provided integrally with the disc portion 22. However, the shaft portion 21 is a separate body and cannot be rotated on the disc portion 22 using a key or the like. Of course, it can be configured to be attached.

The output member 3 includes a large-diameter portion 31 to which a later-described link member 5 and the like are attached, and a shaft portion 32 formed integrally therewith. The large-diameter portion 31 is a cylindrical member having a relatively short axial length, and is formed with three grooves 33 each having a U-shaped cross section that is opened radially outward (FIG. 3). (See also (e)), the link member 5 is pivotally attached to one of them.
An output engagement member 3F made of a lightweight material such as synthetic resin is fixed to the large diameter portion 31 of the output member 3 (see also FIG. 3 (f)). The output engagement member 3F has two attachment shafts 3F1 extending in the axial direction, and these attachment shafts 3F1 are inserted into two of the grooves 33 having a U-shaped cross section of the large-diameter portion 31 for output. It is fixed to the member 3.

The output engagement member 3F is formed with a pair of contact surfaces 3FA and 3FB that contact the input drive pieces 23A and 23B of the input member 2, and these contact surfaces are more than the outer peripheral surface of the cam member 4 described later. Located radially outward. Further, a V-shaped notch 3F2 is formed in the output engagement member 3F. When the output engagement member 3F is fixed to the large diameter portion 31 pivotally attached to the link member 5, the connecting portion 53 of the link member 5 is provided. Enters the notch 3F2 and can rotate in the circumferential direction.
The large-diameter portion 31 of the output member 3 is rotatably fitted in the internal space of the annular portion of the cam member 4 that surrounds it.

  The cam member 4 is a cup-shaped member including an annular peripheral wall portion 41 and an end wall portion 42 (see also FIG. 3C), and the involute spline S formed on the peripheral edge of the end wall portion 42 is used as a housing. Fixed to the end wall of 1 so as not to rotate. A central hole through which the shaft portion 32 of the output member 3 passes is provided in the center of the end wall portion 42, and the outer peripheral surface 41O of the annular peripheral wall portion 41 is recessed so as to be slightly recessed inward. In the first embodiment, nine cam surfaces 41C are provided at equal intervals in the circumferential direction, and each cam surface 41C is formed symmetrically from the center to both sides in the circumferential direction (see FIG. 4, see also FIG. 5 (b)). When the large-diameter portion 31 of the output member 3 is fitted into the internal space of the peripheral wall portion 41 of the cam member 4, the inner peripheral surface 41 </ b> I of the peripheral wall portion 41 comes into contact with the outer peripheral surface of the large-diameter portion 31.

The pivot 51 of the link member 5 is inserted into one of the grooves 33 having a U-shaped cross section in the large diameter portion 31 of the output member 3 (upper groove in FIG. 1). The link member 5 (see also FIG. 3B) is a member in which the pivot 51 having a circular cross section and the engagement shaft 52 are coupled by a coupling portion 53, and the section has a U shape, and is coupled around the pivot 51. The portion 53 is pivotally attached to the large-diameter portion 31 so as to be rotatable. The outer side of the pivot 51 is in contact with the inner peripheral surface 41 </ b> I of the annular peripheral wall 41 of the cam member 4.
The engagement shaft 52 located radially outward is opposed to the outer peripheral surface 41O of the peripheral wall portion 41 so as to straddle the peripheral wall portion 41 at the connecting portion 53. In the state shown in FIG. 1, the rotatable link member 5 is in a neutral position, that is, a position where the center of the engagement shaft 52 is aligned on the same radius as the center of the pivot shaft 51. The distance between the center and the common rotation axis o is maximized (see also FIG. 4B).

  The engaging shaft 52 of the link member 5 is accommodated in a groove 61 formed in the retainer member 6. The retainer member 6 (see also FIG. 3A) is a cup-shaped member made of synthetic resin or the like that is installed in a space having a circular cross section of the housing 1 and accommodates the engagement shaft 52. The groove 61 to be formed has the same cross-sectional shape as the groove 33 provided in the output member 3. A washer 7 (FIG. 2) and a wave spring 8 are placed in the axial gap between the retainer member 6 and the housing 1, and a certain resistance force is applied to the rotation of the retainer member 6 due to the elasticity of the wave spring 8. .

  The operation of the lock type bidirectional clutch of the first embodiment configured as described above will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a state in which the rotation of the input member 2 is transmitted to the output member 3, and FIG. 5 illustrates a state in which the rotation of the output member 3 is locked and is not transmitted to the input member 2. .

In the lock-type two-way clutch in the state of section AA in FIG. 1, when the input member 2 rotates in the clockwise direction, as shown in FIG. 4A, the end of one input drive piece 23B (rotation direction) The front end of the output member 3 abuts against the abutment surface 3FB of the output engagement member 3F fixed to the output member 3, and rotates the output member 3 clockwise. At this time, the end portion of the other input drive piece 23A is in contact with the tip portion where the engagement shaft 52 of the link member 5 is located, and the output member 3 is linked to the output member 3 while the output member 3 is rotating clockwise. The posture of the member 5 is held at the neutral position shown in FIG.
FIG. 4B shows the output member 3, the cam member 4, and the link member 5 when the link member 5 is in the neutral position and the center of the engagement shaft 52 is aligned on the same radius as the center of the pivot shaft 51. It is an enlarged schematic diagram showing a state (for the sake of clarity, the number of cam surfaces 41C in the cam member 4 is six). At this time, the center of the engagement shaft 52 exists at the position of the radius Rl farthest from the common rotation axis o, and there is very little between the outer peripheral surface 41O of the annular cam member 4 and the engagement shaft 52. There is a gap. Therefore, when the link member 5 holds the neutral position, the output member 3 can freely rotate without being restrained by the cam member 4 and is pushed by the input drive piece 23A of the input member 2 to be integrated. Will rotate. When the input member 2 rotates counterclockwise, the input drive piece 23A comes into contact with the output engagement member 3F, and the input drive piece 23B comes into contact with the link member 5 to perform the same rotation transmission.

  On the other hand, when the output member 3 is slightly rotated in the clockwise direction while the input member 2 is stopped, the link member 5 is separated from the input drive piece 23A as shown in FIG. The link member 5 has its pivot shaft 51 integrally moved with the output member 3 in the clockwise direction, but the radially outer engagement shaft 52 is rotated in the clockwise direction by the resistance force, inertia, etc. acting on the retainer member 6. The movement of is delayed. Then, as shown in FIG. 5B, which is an enlarged schematic view, when the engagement shaft 42 reaches the cam surface 42C that is a recess of the outer peripheral surface 42O of the cam member 4, the engagement shaft 52 moves inward. Thus, the link member 5 rotates relative to the output member 3, and the connecting portion 53 is inclined with respect to the radial direction. The distance between the center of the engagement shaft 52 and the rotation shaft o is a radius Rs smaller than the radius Rl at the neutral position, and the engagement shaft 52 contacts the cam surface 42 </ b> C of the cam member 4 fixed to the housing 1. Therefore, the rotation of the output member 3 is locked and the rotation transmission to the input member 2 is blocked. Similarly, when the output member 3 rotates counterclockwise, its rotation is locked.

As described above, the lock type bidirectional clutch of the present invention controls the posture of the link member 5 pivotally attached to the output member 3, and transmits the rotation of the input member 2 to the output member 3. The rotation of the output member 3 makes the output member 3 unrotatable and interrupts transmission to the input member 2. Unlike the lock-type two-way clutch described in Patent Document 1, it does not cause rotation to be transmitted / interrupted by using the engagement and release of the rolling roller, so the link is caused by an excessive load. The parts such as the member 5 do not bite and cannot be released or the components are not worn.
In the lock type two-way clutch of the present invention, when the output shaft 3 is locked by bringing the engagement shaft 52 of the link member 5 into contact with the cam surface 42C, and the rotation is transmitted from the input member 2 to the output member 3. Moves the link member 5 integrally with the input drive pieces 23A, 23B of the input member 2. Such locking action and rotation transmission action do not require parts accuracy as high as roller engagement and release. Therefore, the lock type two-way clutch of the present invention can reliably function at low cost. Can be realized.

  Next, a second embodiment of the lock type bidirectional clutch of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. The lock type two-way clutch of the second embodiment is characterized in that a plurality of link members are pivotally attached to the output member at equal intervals. FIGS. 6 and 7 show the features of the second embodiment. The overall structure and projections of main parts are shown, and FIG. 8 is an explanatory view of the operation of the second embodiment. In these drawings, parts corresponding to the parts of the lock type bidirectional clutch of the first embodiment shown in FIG.

  As shown in the overall structure of FIG. 6, the lock-type two-way clutch of the second embodiment includes a fixed housing 1 having a space with a circular cross section, as in the first embodiment. An input member 2 and an output member 3 having a common rotation axis o are installed at the central portion. The input member 2 includes a shaft portion 21 and a disc portion 22, and a pair of input drive pieces 23A and 23B are fixed to a surface of the disc portion 22 opposite to the shaft portion 21 (FIG. 7 ( See also d)). Such points are not different from those of the first embodiment, but the input drive pieces 23A and 23B of the lock type two-way clutch of the second embodiment are rod-like protrusions having a substantially rectangular cross section and extending in the axial direction. It is.

  The output member 3 includes a large-diameter portion 31 and a shaft portion 32 to which the link member 5 and the like are attached. In the large-diameter portion 31, a groove 33 having a U-shaped cross section opened outward in the radial direction is equally spaced. Individually formed (see also FIG. 7E). And in the lock type two-way clutch of the second embodiment, the three link members 5 are pivotally attached to every other groove 33, so that the angular interval of the link members 5 is 120 °. Yes.

  An output engagement member 3F (see also FIG. 3 (f)) is fixed to the large diameter portion 31 of the output member 3. The output engagement member 3F has three attachment shafts 3F1 extending in the axial direction. Each of the attachment shafts 3F1 is inserted into the groove 33 of the link member 5 that is not pivotally attached to the output member 3. Fixed. The output engagement member 3F is formed with a pair of protrusions 3FA and 3FB extending in an axial direction having a substantially rectangular cross section, and the upper surfaces of the protrusions are in contact with the input drive pieces 23A and 23B of the input member 2. It becomes a pair of contact surfaces.

  The large-diameter portion 31 of the output member 3 to which the link member 5 or the like is attached is placed in the internal space of the cam member 4 (see also FIG. 3C) fixed to the end wall of the housing 1 by the involute spline S so as not to rotate. It is fitted in a rotatable manner. Each of the three link members 5 (see also FIG. 3B) includes a pivot 51, an engagement shaft 52, and a connecting portion 53, and the pivot 51 is pivotally attached to the large diameter portion 31. At the same time, the engagement shaft 52 faces the outer peripheral surface 41O of the peripheral wall portion 41 so as to straddle the peripheral wall portion 41 of the cam member 4 at the connecting portion 53. In the lock type two-way clutch of the second embodiment, 13 cam surfaces 41 </ b> C that are recessed are provided on the outer peripheral surface 41 </ b> O of the peripheral wall portion 41 at equal intervals in the circumferential direction.

  The engagement shaft 52 of the link member 5 is accommodated in a groove 61 formed in the retainer member 6 (see also FIG. 7A). In the retainer member 6 in the second embodiment, a pair of engaging portions 62A and 62B that abut on the input drive pieces 23A and 23B of the input member 2 are provided symmetrically on both sides of one groove 61. When the rotation is transmitted from the input member 2 to the output member 3, the engaging portions 62 </ b> A and 62 </ b> B are in contact with one of the input drive pieces 23 </ b> A and 23 </ b> B and hold the postures of the three link members 5 in the neutral position. It works like this.

  The operation of the lock type bidirectional clutch of the second embodiment is basically the same as that of the first embodiment. For example, when the input member 2 rotates in the clockwise direction, as shown in FIG. 8, the end face in the circumferential direction of one input drive piece 23 </ b> B is on the protrusion 3 </ b> FB of the output engagement member 3 </ b> F fixed to the output member 3. Abutting and rotating the output member 3 clockwise. At this time, in the lock type two-way clutch of the second embodiment, the end face of the other input drive piece 23A abuts on the engaging portion 62A of the retainer member 6, and the three pieces accommodated in the groove 61 of the retainer member 6 are provided. All the postures of the link member 5 are held at the neutral position, and the output member 3 can be rotated. When the input member 2 rotates counterclockwise, the circumferential end surface of the input drive piece 23A abuts on the protrusion 3FA of the output engagement member 3F, and the end surface of the input drive piece 23B is the engagement portion of the retainer member 6. Abutting 62B, the counterclockwise rotation is transmitted to the output member 3.

In the lock type two-way clutch of the second embodiment, when the output member 3 rotates, the output engagement member 3F is separated from the input drive piece as in the first embodiment. Since the movement of the engagement shaft 52 is delayed with respect to the rotation of the output member 3, the link member 5 is inclined with respect to the radial direction when reaching the cam surface 42 </ b> C that is a recess of the outer peripheral surface 42 </ b> O of the cam member 4. Then, the engaging shaft 52 comes into contact with the cam surface 42C of the cam member 4 fixed to the housing 1, and the rotation of the output member 3 is locked.
Here, in the lock-type bidirectional clutch of the second embodiment, the three link members 5 are pivotally attached to the output member 3 at equal intervals, and the 13 cam surfaces 42C are provided on the outer peripheral surface of the cam member 4. Are formed at equal intervals. As described above, when the number of cam surfaces 42C is set to a non-integer multiple of the link member 5, when the output member 3 rotates, the three link members 5 do not contact the cam surface 42C at the same time. Any one of 5 will contact | abut to the cam surface 42C, and the output member 3 will stop in a stop position. In other words, the stop position of the output member 3 exists in the circumferential direction by 39 positions, which is “the number of link members × the number of cam surfaces”, and the second embodiment has a very small interval between the stop positions. Thus, the rotation of the output member 3 is immediately stopped and the stop position is highly accurate.

As described in detail above, the lock-type bidirectional clutch of the present invention has an annular cam member fixed around the output member, and forms a cam surface as a recess on the outer peripheral surface of the cam member. By linking the link member between the outer peripheral surface and the output member and changing the posture of the link member, the rotation transmission between the input member and the output member and the rotation of the output member are locked. Is.
In the above embodiment, an axial force is applied to the retainer member by the wave spring, and a resistance force is applied to the engagement shaft of the link member. By installing a spring or the like and bringing the leaf spring into contact with the inner peripheral surface of the housing, a resistance force can be applied to the retainer member from the radial direction. Also, when multiple link members are installed, an increase in torque when locking the output member by forming an integral multiple of the cam surface on the cam member and simultaneously bringing two or more link members into contact with the cam surface It is apparent that various modifications can be made to the above-described embodiment, such as the above.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1: Housing 2: Input member 23A, 23B: Input drive piece 3: Output member 31: Large diameter part 3F: Output engaging member 4: Cam member 41O: Outer peripheral surface (of cam member)
41C: Cam surface (cam member)
5: Link member 51: Pivot 52: Engagement shaft 6: Retainer member 8: Wave spring

In view of the above problems, the lock-type bidirectional clutch of the present invention has a fixed cam member that is annular around the output member (output shaft), forms a cam surface on the outer peripheral surface, and outputs the output member. A link member is installed between the cam member and the cam surface, and the posture of the link member is controlled by an input member (input shaft) to transmit and block rotation with the output member. That is, the present invention
“A non-rotatable housing, an input member and an output member that are rotatable around a common rotation axis in the housing, and forward and reverse rotations from the input member are transmitted to the output member, and Transmission of rotation from the output member to the input member is a lock-type bidirectional clutch that is blocked when the output member cannot rotate,
An annular cam member is fixed to the housing so as to surround the output member, and a cam surface serving as a recess is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the cam member.
An output engagement member having a pair of contact surfaces radially outward from the outer peripheral surface of the cam member is fixed to the output member, and is disposed at a distance in the radial direction from the common rotating shaft. A link member that can rotate around the pivot axis is pivotally attached,
The link member is provided with an engagement shaft that can contact the cam surface of the cam member, and a connecting portion that connects the pivot and the engagement shaft.
The input member is provided with a pair of input drive pieces radially outward from the outer peripheral surface of the cam member,
When the input member rotates, one of the input drive pieces holds the link member in a neutral position where the center of the engagement shaft is located on a straight line connecting the center of the pivot and the common rotation shaft. At the same time, when the other of the input drive pieces presses one abutment surface of the output engagement member to rotate the output member, and the output member rotates, the link member is in the neutral position. Rotating from the position, the engagement shaft comes into contact with the cam surface of the cam member, and the rotation of the output member is prevented. "
This is a lock type two-way clutch.

In the lock type two-way clutch of the present invention, an input member and an output member having a common rotating shaft are installed in a fixed housing, and a cam member formed in an annular shape so as to surround the output member is fixed to the housing. And the cam surface used as a recess is formed in the outer peripheral surface of a cam member. The output member is pivotally attached to a link member that can rotate around a common rotation axis and a pivot that is radially spaced from the output member. The link member includes a cam surface on an outer peripheral surface of the cam member. An engagement shaft capable of abutting on is provided. Then, the output engagement member is fixed to the output member, and a pair of contact surfaces positioned radially outward from the outer peripheral surface of the cam member is formed on the output member. A pair of input drive pieces to be engaged is provided.

In the lock type two-way clutch of the present invention, the state of the neutral position where the center of the engaging shaft of the link member pivotally attached to the output member is located on the straight line connecting the center of the pivot and the common rotating shaft The radial distance from the rotation axis of the input member (and output member) is maximized. In this state, the output shaft can rotate because the engagement shaft of the link member does not contact the outer peripheral surface of the annular output member. However, when the link member rotates with respect to the output member and the connecting portion is inclined with respect to the radial direction, the radial distance from the rotation shaft of the engagement shaft is reduced. Therefore, the engaging shaft of the link member enters the recess on the outer peripheral surface of the cam member fixed to the housing and comes into contact with the cam surface, and the output member cannot be rotated.

The neutral position or the inclined state of the link member is controlled by an input drive piece provided on the input member. When the input member rotates, one of the pair of input drive pieces comes into contact with the link member etc., and the link member is on a straight line connecting the center of the pivot and the common rotation axis. Hold in the neutral position. At the same time, the other input drive piece presses one of the pair of contact surfaces formed on the output engagement member fixed to the output member (which is switched in the rotation direction of the input member), whereby the input member The output member is rotated so as to be rotated.
On the other hand, when the output member rotates, the link member moves in the rotational direction integrally with the output member while the pivot shaft pivotally attached to the output member moves, while the radially outward engagement shaft moves. In order to delay by the resistance force or the inertia acting on it, it rotates relative to the output member, and the connecting portion is inclined with respect to the radial direction. The engagement shaft of the link member contacts the cam surface of the outer peripheral surface of the fixed cam member, and stops the rotation of the output member.

The pivot 51 of the link member 5 is inserted into one of the grooves 33 having a U-shaped cross section in the large diameter portion 31 of the output member 3 (upper groove in FIG. 1). The link member 5 (see also FIG. 3B) is a member in which the pivot 51 having a circular cross section and the engagement shaft 52 are coupled by a coupling portion 53, and the section has a U shape, and is coupled around the pivot 51. The portion 53 is pivotally attached to the large-diameter portion 31 so as to be rotatable. The outer side of the pivot 51 is in contact with the inner peripheral surface 41 </ b> I of the annular peripheral wall 41 of the cam member 4.
The engagement shaft 52 located radially outward is opposed to the outer peripheral surface 41O of the peripheral wall portion 41 so as to straddle the peripheral wall portion 41 at the connecting portion 53. In the state shown in FIG. 1, rotatable link member 5 is a neutral position, i.e., Ri Contact center of the engagement shaft 52 is positioned on a straight line connecting the center with a common axis of rotation o of the pivot 51, this Sometimes, the distance between the center of the engagement shaft 52 and the common rotation axis o is maximized (see also FIG. 4B).

In the lock-type two-way clutch in the state of section AA in FIG. 1, when the input member 2 rotates in the clockwise direction, as shown in FIG. 4A, the end of one input drive piece 23B (rotation direction) The front end of the output member 3 abuts against the abutment surface 3FB of the output engagement member 3F fixed to the output member 3, and rotates the output member 3 clockwise. At this time, the end portion of the other input drive piece 23A is in contact with the tip portion where the engagement shaft 52 of the link member 5 is located, and the output member 3 is linked to the output member 3 while the output member 3 is rotating clockwise. The posture of the member 5 is held at the neutral position shown in FIG.
FIG. 4B shows the output member 3 and the cam when the link member 5 is in the neutral position and the center of the engagement shaft 52 is located on a straight line connecting the center of the pivot 51 and the common rotation axis o. It is an enlarged schematic diagram showing the state of the member 4 and the link member 5 (the number of the cam surfaces 41C in the cam member 4 is six for easy understanding). At this time, the center of the engagement shaft 52 exists at the position of the radius Rl farthest from the common rotation axis o, and there is very little between the outer peripheral surface 41O of the annular cam member 4 and the engagement shaft 52. There is a gap. Therefore, when the link member 5 holds the neutral position, the output member 3 can freely rotate without being restrained by the cam member 4 and is pushed by the input drive piece 23A of the input member 2 to be integrated. Will rotate. When the input member 2 rotates counterclockwise, the input drive piece 23A comes into contact with the output engagement member 3F, and the input drive piece 23B comes into contact with the link member 5 to perform the same rotation transmission.

Claims (5)

A non-rotatable housing, and an input member and an output member rotatable around a common rotation axis in the housing, and forward and reverse rotations from the input member are transmitted to the output member and the output The transmission of rotation from the member to the input member is a lock type bidirectional clutch that is blocked when the output shaft cannot rotate,
An annular cam member is fixed to the housing so as to surround the output member, and a cam surface serving as a recess is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the cam member.
An output engagement member having a pair of contact surfaces radially outward from the outer peripheral surface of the cam member is fixed to the output member, and a link member pivotable about a pivot is pivotally attached. And
The link member is provided with an engagement shaft that can contact the cam surface of the cam member, and a connecting portion that connects the pivot and the engagement shaft.
The input member is provided with a pair of input drive pieces radially outward from the outer peripheral surface of the cam member,
When the input member rotates, one of the input drive pieces simultaneously holds the link member in a neutral position where the engagement shaft is located on the same radius as the pivot, while the other of the input drive pieces is When the output member is rotated by pressing one contact surface of the output engagement member, and the output member rotates, the link member rotates from the neutral position, and the engagement shaft A lock type two-way clutch, wherein the cam member abuts against a cam surface of the cam member to prevent the output member from rotating. A plurality of the link members are pivotally attached to the input member at equal intervals, and a number of non-integer multiples of the cam surfaces are formed at equal intervals on the outer peripheral surface of the output member. The lock type bidirectional clutch according to claim 1. An engagement shaft of the link member is accommodated in a groove of a retainer member rotatably installed in the housing, and a wave spring is installed between the housing and the retainer member, and the retainer member The lock type bidirectional clutch according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a resistance force is applied to the rotation. The retainer member is provided with an input engaging portion, and when the input member rotates, one of the input drive pieces comes into contact with the input engaging portion to hold the link member in the neutral position. The lock type bidirectional clutch according to claim 3. The output member is formed with a U-shaped groove having a radially outward opening, and the pivot of the link member is inserted into the U-shaped groove so as to form the annular cam member. The lock type bidirectional clutch according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the lock type bidirectional clutch is in contact with an inner peripheral surface of the clutch.