JP2019168085A

JP2019168085A - Clutch unit

Info

Publication number: JP2019168085A
Application number: JP2018058043A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 高田　声一; Seiichi Takada; 声一高田
Original assignee: NTN Corp; NTN Toyo Bearing Co Ltd
Current assignee: NTN Corp
Priority date: 2018-03-26
Filing date: 2018-03-26
Publication date: 2019-10-03

Abstract

To provide a clutch unit that has a function of switching transmission and cutoff of rotation between input and output members and a function of holding the position of a driven member on an output side when rotation transmission is not performed, has high efficiency of torque transmission between the input and the output, and is easy in arrangement when assembling.SOLUTION: A clutch has a configuration comprising: an input pulley (input member) 1; an output shaft (output member) 2; a first clutch 3 that performs transmission and cutoff of the rotation inputted from the input pulley 1; a brake 4 that switches a rotation transmission state and a rotation cutoff state of the first clutch 3; and a second clutch 5 that is connected to the first clutch 3 and the output shaft 2, transmits the rotation transmitted from the first clutch 3 to the output shaft 2 and is locked against a reverse input torque applied to the output shaft 2 to stop the output shaft 2. A clutch having rollers 33, 53 of a wedge action is employed as the respective clutches 3, 5, so that the clutch has high torque transmission efficiency and less restriction in assembling as compared with a clutch using a worm mechanism.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

本発明は、入力側から出力側への回転の伝達と遮断を切り替える機能と、回転の伝達を行わないときに出力側の被駆動部材の位置を保持する機能を有するクラッチユニットに関する。 The present invention relates to a clutch unit having a function of switching between transmission and interruption of rotation from the input side to the output side and a function of holding the position of the driven member on the output side when rotation is not transmitted.

モータ駆動によって被駆動部材を作動させる装置では、入力側から出力側への回転の伝達と遮断を切り替えることができ、かつ、回転の伝達を行わないときには被駆動部材の位置を保持できるクラッチユニットが必要とされる場合がある。 In a device that operates a driven member by driving a motor, there is a clutch unit that can switch between transmission and interruption of rotation from the input side to the output side and can hold the position of the driven member when rotation is not transmitted. May be required.

上記のような機能を有するクラッチユニットとしては、例えば特許文献１で提案されているものがある。この特許文献１のクラッチユニットは、入力部材と一体回転する外輪の径方向内側に出力部材と一体回転する内輪を配し、その内輪の外周面にカム面を周方向に複数設けて、外輪の内周円筒面と内輪の各カム面との間に周方向の両側で次第に狭小となる楔形空間を形成し、これらの各楔形空間に一対のローラとそのローラを一つずつ楔形空間の両側の狭小部へ押し込むばねを組み込み、各楔形空間の周方向両側に挿入される柱部を有するロック解除片を、内輪と同一軸心のまわりに回転する制御軸（ブレーキ軸）に固定し、その制御軸をブレーキ（励磁型電磁ブレーキ）に連結するとともに、入力部材の入力側にセルフロック機能を有するウォーム機構を組み込んだものである。 As a clutch unit having the above functions, for example, there is one proposed in Patent Document 1. In the clutch unit of Patent Document 1, an inner ring that rotates integrally with an output member is arranged radially inside an outer ring that rotates integrally with an input member, and a plurality of cam surfaces are provided in the circumferential direction on the outer peripheral surface of the inner ring. A wedge-shaped space that gradually narrows on both sides in the circumferential direction is formed between the inner peripheral cylindrical surface and each cam surface of the inner ring, and a pair of rollers and one of those rollers are placed in each wedge-shaped space on each side of the wedge-shaped space. Incorporating a spring that pushes into the narrow part, lock release pieces with pillars inserted on both sides in the circumferential direction of each wedge-shaped space are fixed to the control shaft (brake shaft) that rotates around the same axis as the inner ring, and control The shaft is connected to a brake (excitation type electromagnetic brake), and a worm mechanism having a self-locking function is incorporated on the input side of the input member.

そして、上記の構成により、ブレーキが制御軸を回転可能に解放した状態（以下、「ＯＦＦ状態」と称する。）で、駆動モータからウォーム機構を介して入力部材に入力トルクが加えられると、入力部材と一体回転する外輪が各楔形空間の一対のローラのうちの回転方向前側のローラを介して内輪とロックして、外輪の回転が内輪および出力部材に伝達され、ブレーキが制御軸を回転不能に拘束した状態（以下、「ＯＮ状態」と称する。）で入力部材に入力トルクが加えられたときは、回転方向前側のローラが制御軸に固定されたロック解除片の柱部に当接して停止し、外輪と内輪のロック状態が解除されて、外輪の回転が内輪および出力部材に伝達されず、外輪および入力部材が空転するようになっている。すなわち、駆動モータの駆動中にブレーキのＯＮ状態とＯＦＦ状態の切替操作（以下、単に「ＯＮ・ＯＦＦ操作」とも称する。）を行うだけで、入力側から出力側への回転の伝達と遮断を切り替えることができる。 With the above configuration, when input torque is applied to the input member from the drive motor via the worm mechanism in a state where the brake releases the control shaft in a rotatable manner (hereinafter referred to as “OFF state”), The outer ring that rotates integrally with the member locks with the inner ring via the roller on the front side in the rotational direction of the pair of rollers in each wedge-shaped space, and the rotation of the outer ring is transmitted to the inner ring and the output member, and the brake cannot rotate the control shaft. When an input torque is applied to the input member in a state where it is constrained (hereinafter referred to as the “ON state”), the roller on the front side in the rotational direction comes into contact with the column portion of the unlocking piece fixed to the control shaft. The outer ring and the inner ring are unlocked, the outer ring is not transmitted to the inner ring and the output member, and the outer ring and the input member are idled. That is, the rotation transmission and interruption from the input side to the output side can be performed only by performing a switching operation between the ON state and OFF state of the brake (hereinafter also simply referred to as “ON / OFF operation”) while the drive motor is being driven. Can be switched.

また、駆動モータの停止中は、被駆動部材が受ける重力等の外力が、出力部材、内輪、ローラおよび外輪を介して入力部材に逆入力トルクとして加えられても、ウォーム機構のロック動作によって入力部材および外輪が停止するので、内輪および出力部材も停止し、被駆動部材の位置を保持することができる。なお、ブレーキＯＮ状態で駆動モータの駆動により外輪が空転しているときは、ブレーキの制御軸に対するブレーキ力がロック解除片およびローラを介して内輪および出力部材の回転を規制することにより、被駆動部材の位置を保持できるようになっている。 In addition, when the drive motor is stopped, even if external force such as gravity received by the driven member is applied as reverse input torque to the input member via the output member, inner ring, roller, and outer ring, it is input by the locking operation of the worm mechanism. Since the member and the outer ring are stopped, the inner ring and the output member are also stopped, and the position of the driven member can be maintained. When the outer ring is idling by driving the drive motor with the brake on, the brake force against the brake control shaft regulates the rotation of the inner ring and the output member via the unlocking piece and the roller, so that the driven wheel is driven. The position of the member can be maintained.

特開２０１６−１１４２３２号公報JP 2016-114232 A

しかしながら、上記特許文献１で提案されているクラッチユニットは、駆動モータ停止中に被駆動部材の位置を保持するために、入力部材の入力側にセルフロック機能を有するウォーム機構を組み込んでいるので、入力側から出力側へのトルク伝達の効率が低いという問題がある。 However, since the clutch unit proposed in Patent Document 1 incorporates a worm mechanism having a self-locking function on the input side of the input member in order to hold the position of the driven member while the drive motor is stopped. There is a problem that the efficiency of torque transmission from the input side to the output side is low.

また、ウォーム機構の構造上、そのウォーム歯車と入力部材はそれぞれの軸心が直交するように配置する必要があるので、機械装置に組み込む際に、ウォーム歯車よりも入力側の各部材と入力部材よりも出力側の各部材との位置関係に対する制約によって配置の自由度が狭められるという難点がある。 In addition, because of the structure of the worm mechanism, the worm gear and the input member must be arranged so that their axes are orthogonal to each other. In addition, there is a difficulty in that the degree of freedom of arrangement is narrowed due to restrictions on the positional relationship with each member on the output side.

そこで、本発明は、入出力部材間での回転の伝達と遮断を切り替える機能と、回転伝達を行わないときに出力側の被駆動部材の位置を保持する機能を有し、かつ、入出力間のトルク伝達効率が高く、組込時の配置が容易なクラッチユニットを提供することを課題とする。 Therefore, the present invention has a function of switching between transmission and interruption of rotation between input and output members, a function of holding the position of the driven member on the output side when rotation transmission is not performed, and between input and output It is an object of the present invention to provide a clutch unit that has a high torque transmission efficiency and that can be easily installed when assembled.

上記の課題を解決するため、本発明のクラッチユニットは、入力部材と、出力部材と、前記入力部材に連結され、入力部材から入力された回転の伝達と遮断を行う第１クラッチと、前記第１クラッチに連結され、第１クラッチの回転伝達状態と回転遮断状態を切り替えるブレーキと、前記第１クラッチと出力部材に連結され、第１クラッチから伝達された回転を出力部材に伝達し、出力部材に加えられる逆入力トルクに対してはロックして出力部材を停止させる第２クラッチとを備え、
前記第１クラッチは、前記入力部材と一体回転する第１外輪の径方向内側に第１内輪を配し、前記第１内輪の外周面にカム面を周方向に複数設けて、前記第１外輪の内周円筒面と第１内輪の各カム面との間に周方向の両側で次第に狭小となる楔形空間を形成し、これらの各楔形空間に一対のローラとそのローラを一つずつ楔形空間の両側の狭小部へ押し込むばねを組み込み、前記各楔形空間の周方向両側に挿入される柱部を有する第１ロック解除片を、前記第１内輪と同一軸心のまわりに回転する制御軸に固定したものであり、
前記ブレーキは、前記制御軸を回転不能に拘束する状態（ＯＮ状態）と前記制御軸を回転可能に解放する状態（ＯＦＦ状態）とを切り替える操作（ＯＮ・ＯＦＦ操作）が行えるものであり、
前記第２クラッチは、固定部材に固定された第２外輪の径方向内側に前記出力部材と一体回転する第２内輪を配し、前記第２内輪と前記第１クラッチの第１内輪との間に、第１内輪の回転を僅かな角度遅れをもって第２内輪に伝達するトルク伝達手段を設け、前記第２内輪の外周面にカム面を周方向に複数設けて、前記第２外輪の内周円筒面と第２内輪の各カム面との間に周方向の両側で次第に狭小となる楔形空間を形成し、これらの各楔形空間に一対のローラとそのローラを一つずつ楔形空間の両側の狭小部へ押し込むばねを組み込み、前記各楔形空間の周方向両側に挿入される柱部を有する第２ロック解除片を、前記第１クラッチの第１内輪に固定したものであり、
前記ブレーキが前記制御軸を回転可能に解放した状態（ＯＦＦ状態）で、前記入力部材に入力トルクが加えられると、前記第１クラッチでは、前記第１外輪が前記各楔形空間の一対のローラのうちの回転方向前側のローラを介してロックした第１内輪と一体に回転し、前記第２クラッチでは、前記第１内輪に固定された第２ロック解除片が、前記各楔形空間の一対のローラのうちの回転方向後側のローラを押して前記第２外輪と第２内輪のロック状態を解除した後に、前記トルク伝達手段によって前記第１内輪の回転が前記第２内輪および出力部材に伝達され、
前記ブレーキが前記制御軸を回転不能に拘束した状態（ＯＮ状態）で、前記入力部材に入力トルクが加えられると、前記第１クラッチでは、前記回転方向前側のローラが前記制御軸に固定された第１ロック解除片の柱部に当接して停止することにより、前記第１外輪と第１内輪のロック状態が解除されて第１外輪および入力部材が空転し、前記第２クラッチの第２内輪および出力部材には回転が伝達されない構成とした。 In order to solve the above-described problems, a clutch unit according to the present invention includes an input member, an output member, a first clutch coupled to the input member, for transmitting and blocking rotation input from the input member, and the first clutch. A brake coupled to one clutch and switching between a rotation transmission state and a rotation cut-off state of the first clutch; a rotation coupled to the first clutch and the output member; and transmission transmitted from the first clutch to the output member; A second clutch that locks against the reverse input torque applied to the motor and stops the output member,
The first clutch has a first inner ring disposed radially inward of a first outer ring that rotates integrally with the input member, and a plurality of cam surfaces are provided in the circumferential direction on the outer circumferential surface of the first inner ring, and the first outer ring A wedge-shaped space gradually narrowing on both sides in the circumferential direction is formed between the inner peripheral cylindrical surface of the first inner ring and each cam surface of the first inner ring, and a pair of rollers and one roller are provided in each wedge-shaped space one by one. Springs to be pushed into the narrow portions on both sides of the wedge-shaped space, and the first unlocking pieces having the pillar portions inserted on both sides in the circumferential direction of each wedge-shaped space are used as control shafts that rotate around the same axis as the first inner ring. Is fixed,
The brake is capable of performing an operation (ON / OFF operation) for switching between a state (ON state) that restrains the control shaft to be unrotatable and a state (OFF state) that the control shaft is rotatably released (OFF state),
The second clutch includes a second inner ring that rotates integrally with the output member on a radially inner side of a second outer ring fixed to a fixing member, and is between the second inner ring and the first inner ring of the first clutch. A torque transmitting means for transmitting the rotation of the first inner ring to the second inner ring with a slight angular delay, and providing a plurality of cam surfaces in the circumferential direction on the outer peripheral surface of the second inner ring, A wedge-shaped space gradually narrowing on both sides in the circumferential direction is formed between the cylindrical surface and each cam surface of the second inner ring, and a pair of rollers and its rollers are placed in each wedge-shaped space on both sides of the wedge-shaped space. A spring that pushes into the narrow portion is incorporated, and the second unlocking pieces having the column portions inserted on both sides in the circumferential direction of each wedge-shaped space are fixed to the first inner ring of the first clutch,
When an input torque is applied to the input member in a state in which the control shaft is rotatably released (OFF state), in the first clutch, in the first clutch, the first outer ring is connected to a pair of rollers in each wedge-shaped space. A second inner ring that rotates together with a first inner ring locked via a roller on the front side in the rotation direction, and a second unlocking piece fixed to the first inner ring is a pair of rollers in each wedge-shaped space. The second outer ring and the second inner ring are released from the locked state by pushing a roller on the rear side in the rotation direction, and the torque transmission means transmits the rotation of the first inner ring to the second inner ring and the output member,
When an input torque is applied to the input member in a state where the brake restrains the control shaft so as not to rotate (ON state), in the first clutch, the roller in the rotational direction front side is fixed to the control shaft. The first outer ring and the first inner ring are unlocked by abutting and stopping on the column portion of the first unlocking piece, the first outer ring and the input member are idled, and the second inner ring of the second clutch In addition, the rotation is not transmitted to the output member.

上記の構成によれば、ブレーキのＯＮ・ＯＦＦ操作によって、入力部材に入力トルクが加えられるときに、出力側への回転伝達を行う状態と回転伝達を遮断する状態とを切り替えることができ、回転伝達を行わないときには、出力側の被駆動部材から出力部材に逆入力トルクが加えられても、第２クラッチのロック動作によって出力部材が停止し、被駆動部材の位置を保持することができる。そして、その構造にはウォーム機構のようなトルク伝達効率の低い部分がないし、機械装置に組み込む際には、入力側の駆動モータと出力側の被駆動部材とを同軸に配することができるので、配置が容易である。 According to the above configuration, when the input torque is applied to the input member by the brake ON / OFF operation, the rotation transmission state to the output side and the rotation transmission cutoff state can be switched. When transmission is not performed, even if reverse input torque is applied to the output member from the driven member on the output side, the output member is stopped by the locking operation of the second clutch, and the position of the driven member can be maintained. The structure does not have a portion with low torque transmission efficiency like the worm mechanism, and the drive motor on the input side and the driven member on the output side can be arranged coaxially when incorporated in a mechanical device. Easy to place.

ここで、前記ブレーキとしては、非通電時は前記制御軸を回転不能に拘束し、通電時は前記制御軸を回転可能に解放する無励磁型電磁ブレーキを採用することができる。 Here, as the brake, a non-excitation electromagnetic brake that restrains the control shaft to be non-rotatable when not energized and releases the control shaft to be rotatable when energized can be adopted.

また、本発明のクラッチユニットでは、前記入力部材または前記第１クラッチの第１外輪に、前記入力部材に入力トルクが加えられたときに回転を出力する出力部が設けられている構成とすることができる。このようにすれば、入力部材または第１外輪の出力部からの出力を第１出力、出力部材からの出力を第２出力として、入力部材への１つの入力に対して第１出力と第２出力を同時に行ったり、第１出力のみを行ったりできるようになる。 In the clutch unit of the present invention, the input member or the first outer ring of the first clutch is provided with an output portion that outputs rotation when input torque is applied to the input member. Can do. If it does in this way, the output from the output part of an input member or the 1st outer ring will be the 1st output, the output from an output member will be the 2nd output, and the 1st output and the 2nd with respect to one input to an input member Output can be performed simultaneously or only the first output can be performed.

また、前記出力部材に、出力部材の回転を減速して出力する減速機構が連結されている構成とすることもできる。このようにすれば、被駆動部材が受ける外力に応じて減速機構の減速比を適切に設定することにより、第１クラッチおよび第２クラッチの設計の自由度を大きくできるので、各クラッチのサイズ等を一定にして、クラッチユニット全体の形状を汎用性のあるものに統一できるようになる。 Moreover, it can also be set as the structure by which the deceleration mechanism which decelerates and outputs the rotation of an output member is connected with the said output member. In this way, the degree of freedom in designing the first clutch and the second clutch can be increased by appropriately setting the speed reduction ratio of the speed reduction mechanism according to the external force received by the driven member. It becomes possible to unify the overall shape of the clutch unit to a versatile one.

本発明のクラッチユニットは、上述したように、ブレーキのＯＮ・ＯＦＦ操作によって、入力部材に入力トルクが加えられるときに、入出力部材間での回転の伝達と遮断を切り替えることができ、回転伝達を行わないときには、第２クラッチの作用によって出力側の被駆動部材の位置を保持することができる。 As described above, the clutch unit of the present invention can switch between rotation transmission and interruption between the input and output members when input torque is applied to the input member by the brake ON / OFF operation. When not, the position of the driven member on the output side can be held by the action of the second clutch.

そして、回転伝達を行わないときに被駆動部材の位置を保持する第２クラッチは、同様の機能を果たすウォーム機構よりもトルク伝達効率が高いので、クラッチユニット全体としても、ウォーム機構を用いた従来のものよりも入出力間のトルク伝達効率の高いものとすることができる。また、ウォーム機構を用いたものに比べると、機械装置に組み込む際に各部材の位置関係に対する制約が少なく、配置が容易である。 And since the 2nd clutch which hold | maintains the position of a to-be-driven member when not performing rotation transmission has higher torque transmission efficiency than the worm mechanism which performs the same function, the conventional clutch unit also used the worm mechanism. The torque transmission efficiency between the input and output can be higher than that of the motor. Further, compared with the one using a worm mechanism, there are few restrictions on the positional relationship of each member when incorporating into a mechanical device, and the arrangement is easy.

第１実施形態のクラッチユニットの縦断正面図（ブレーキＯＮ状態）Longitudinal front view of clutch unit of first embodiment (brake ON state) 図１のII−II線に沿った断面図Sectional view along the line II-II in FIG. 図１のIII−III線に沿った断面図Sectional view along line III-III in FIG. 図１のクラッチユニットのブレーキＯＦＦ状態の縦断正面図1 is a longitudinal front view of the clutch unit of FIG. 図２に対応してブレーキＯＮ状態の第１クラッチの動作を説明する断面図Sectional drawing explaining operation | movement of the 1st clutch of a brake-on state corresponding to FIG. 図３に対応してブレーキＯＮ状態の第２クラッチの動作を説明する断面図Sectional drawing explaining operation | movement of the 2nd clutch of a brake-on state corresponding to FIG. 図２に対応してブレーキＯＦＦ状態の第１クラッチの動作を説明する断面図Sectional drawing explaining operation | movement of the 1st clutch of a brake-off state corresponding to FIG. 図３に対応してブレーキＯＦＦ状態の第２クラッチの動作を説明する断面図Sectional drawing explaining operation | movement of the 2nd clutch of a brake-off state corresponding to FIG. 図３に対応して図８に続く第２クラッチの動作を説明する断面図Sectional drawing explaining the operation | movement of the 2nd clutch following FIG. 8 corresponding to FIG. 第２実施形態のクラッチユニットの縦断正面図（ブレーキＯＮ状態）Vertical front view of clutch unit of second embodiment (brake ON state)

以下、図面に基づき、本発明の実施形態を説明する。図１乃至図９は第１の実施形態を示す。このクラッチユニットは、図１に示すように、入力部材としての入力プーリ１と、出力部材としての出力軸２と、入力プーリ１に連結される第１クラッチ３と、第１クラッチ３に連結されるブレーキ４と、第１クラッチ３と出力軸２の間に設けられる第２クラッチ５とを備え、そのブレーキ４と第２クラッチ５がそれぞれ固定部材であるハウジング６に支持されている。その入力プーリ１は、これに巻き掛けられた入力ベルト７を介して、図示省略した駆動モータから入力トルクを加えられるようになっている。また、出力軸２は、外周に形成されたキー溝２ａで図示省略した被駆動部材に連結されるようになっている。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. 1 to 9 show a first embodiment. As shown in FIG. 1, the clutch unit is connected to an input pulley 1 as an input member, an output shaft 2 as an output member, a first clutch 3 connected to the input pulley 1, and a first clutch 3. Brake 4 and a second clutch 5 provided between the first clutch 3 and the output shaft 2, and the brake 4 and the second clutch 5 are respectively supported by a housing 6 which is a fixed member. The input pulley 1 can be applied with an input torque from a drive motor (not shown) via an input belt 7 wound around the input pulley 1. The output shaft 2 is connected to a driven member (not shown) by a keyway 2a formed on the outer periphery.

前記第１クラッチ３は、図１および図２に示すように、入力プーリ１の径方向内側に配される第１外輪３１と、第１外輪３１の径方向内側に配される第１内輪３２と、第１外輪３１の内周面と第１内輪３２の大径部の外周面との間に組み込まれる複数のローラ３３およびコイルばね３４と、ローラ３３を挟んでコイルばね３４と対向する位置に挿入される柱部３５ａを有する第１ロック解除片３５と、第１内輪３２と同一軸心のまわりに回転するように配され、第１ロック解除片３５が固定される制御軸３６とで構成されている。なお、コイルばねは、板ばね等の他の弾性部材に代えることもできる。 As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the first clutch 3 includes a first outer ring 31 disposed on the radially inner side of the input pulley 1 and a first inner ring 32 disposed on the radially inner side of the first outer ring 31. A plurality of rollers 33 and a coil spring 34 incorporated between the inner peripheral surface of the first outer ring 31 and the outer peripheral surface of the large-diameter portion of the first inner ring 32, and a position facing the coil spring 34 across the roller 33. A first unlocking piece 35 having a column part 35a inserted into the first inner ring 32, and a control shaft 36 arranged to rotate about the same axis as the first inner ring 32 and to which the first unlocking piece 35 is fixed. It is configured. The coil spring can be replaced with another elastic member such as a leaf spring.

この第１クラッチ３の第１外輪３１は、入力プーリ１の内周に嵌合固定されることにより、入力プーリ１と一体回転するようになっている。そして、その軸方向の両端部よりも内径の小さい中央部の内周円筒面が径方向でローラ３３およびコイルばね３４と対向している。 The first outer ring 31 of the first clutch 3 rotates integrally with the input pulley 1 by being fitted and fixed to the inner periphery of the input pulley 1. And the inner peripheral cylindrical surface of the center part whose inner diameter is smaller than both end parts in the axial direction is opposed to the roller 33 and the coil spring 34 in the radial direction.

一方、第１内輪３２は、その円形の軸穴３２ａに制御軸３６の断面小判形の中央部３６ａが摺動自在に挿入されている。そして、一端側に設けられた大径部の外周面が径方向でローラ３３およびコイルばね３４と対向しており、他端側の小径部が、後述するように、第２クラッチ５の入力側に連結されている。また、この第１内輪３２の小径部と第１外輪３１の他端部との間、および制御軸３６の一端側の大径部と第１外輪３１の一端部との間にはそれぞれ軸受８、９が組み込まれ、第１外輪３１、第１内輪３２および制御軸３６がスムーズに相対回転できるようになっている。 On the other hand, in the first inner ring 32, a central portion 36a having an oval cross section of the control shaft 36 is slidably inserted into the circular shaft hole 32a. The outer peripheral surface of the large diameter portion provided on one end side is opposed to the roller 33 and the coil spring 34 in the radial direction, and the small diameter portion on the other end side is the input side of the second clutch 5 as will be described later. It is connected to. The bearing 8 is provided between the small diameter portion of the first inner ring 32 and the other end portion of the first outer ring 31 and between the large diameter portion on one end side of the control shaft 36 and one end portion of the first outer ring 31. 9 are incorporated so that the first outer ring 31, the first inner ring 32 and the control shaft 36 can smoothly rotate relative to each other.

また、第１内輪３２の大径部の外周には、径方向と直交するカム面３２ｂが周方向に複数設けられ、これらの各カム面３２ｂと第１外輪３１の中央部の内周円筒面との間に周方向の両側で次第に狭小となる楔形空間３７が形成されている。そして、これらの各楔形空間３７に、一対のローラ３３がそのローラ３３を一つずつ楔形空間３７の両側の狭小部に押し込むコイルばね３４を挟んだ状態で配され、各楔形空間３７の狭小部に押し込まれたローラ３３を介して第１外輪３１と第１内輪３２がロックするようになっている。また、各楔形空間３７の周方向両側には第１ロック解除片３５の柱部３５ａが挿入されており、その第１ロック解除片３５は制御軸３６の中央部３６ａの外周に隙間なく嵌合固定されている。 A plurality of cam surfaces 32 b perpendicular to the radial direction are provided on the outer periphery of the large-diameter portion of the first inner ring 32 in the circumferential direction, and each of the cam surfaces 32 b and the inner peripheral cylindrical surface at the center of the first outer ring 31 are provided. A wedge-shaped space 37 is formed which gradually narrows on both sides in the circumferential direction. A pair of rollers 33 is disposed in each wedge-shaped space 37 with a coil spring 34 that pushes the rollers 33 one by one into the narrow portions on both sides of the wedge-shaped space 37, and the narrow portion of each wedge-shaped space 37. The first outer ring 31 and the first inner ring 32 are locked via the roller 33 pushed into the shaft. Further, column portions 35a of the first unlocking pieces 35 are inserted on both sides in the circumferential direction of each wedge-shaped space 37, and the first unlocking pieces 35 are fitted to the outer periphery of the central portion 36a of the control shaft 36 without gaps. It is fixed.

前記第２クラッチ５は、図１および図３に示すように、ハウジング６の柱部６ａに固定される第２外輪５１と、第２外輪５１の径方向内側に配される第２内輪５２と、第２外輪５１の内周面と第２内輪５２の大径部の外周面との間に組み込まれる複数のローラ５３およびコイルばね５４と、ローラ５３を挟んでコイルばね５４と対向する位置に挿入される柱部５５ａを有する第２ロック解除片５５と、第１クラッチ３の第１内輪３２に一体成形され、第２ロック解除片５５が固定される中間軸５６とで構成されている。なお、コイルばねは、板ばね等の他の弾性部材に代えることもできる。 As shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, the second clutch 5 includes a second outer ring 51 that is fixed to the column portion 6 a of the housing 6, and a second inner ring 52 that is disposed on the radially inner side of the second outer ring 51. A plurality of rollers 53 and a coil spring 54 incorporated between the inner peripheral surface of the second outer ring 51 and the outer peripheral surface of the large-diameter portion of the second inner ring 52, and a position facing the coil spring 54 across the roller 53 A second unlocking piece 55 having a column part 55a to be inserted and an intermediate shaft 56 formed integrally with the first inner ring 32 of the first clutch 3 and to which the second unlocking piece 55 is fixed. The coil spring can be replaced with another elastic member such as a leaf spring.

この第２クラッチ５の第２外輪５１は、ハウジング６の柱部６ａの軸穴内周に嵌合固定されている。そして、その軸方向の両端部よりも内径の小さい中央部の内周円筒面が径方向でローラ５３およびコイルばね５４と対向している。また、この第２外輪５１の一端部と中間軸５６の一端側の大径部との間に、中間軸５６を回転自在に支持する軸受１０が組み込まれている。 The second outer ring 51 of the second clutch 5 is fitted and fixed to the inner periphery of the shaft hole of the column portion 6 a of the housing 6. The central inner circumferential cylindrical surface having a smaller inner diameter than both ends in the axial direction faces the roller 53 and the coil spring 54 in the radial direction. A bearing 10 that rotatably supports the intermediate shaft 56 is incorporated between one end portion of the second outer ring 51 and a large-diameter portion on one end side of the intermediate shaft 56.

一方、第２内輪５２は、その一端面に中間軸５６の断面小判形の係合部５６ａが挿入される係合穴５２ａが設けられており、一端側に設けられた大径部の外周面が径方向でローラ５３およびコイルばね５４と対向し、他端側の小径部が出力軸２と一体に形成されている。また、この第２内輪５２の小径部と第２外輪５１の他端部との間に、第２内輪５２を回転自在に支持する軸受１１が組み込まれている。 On the other hand, the second inner ring 52 is provided with an engagement hole 52a into which an engagement portion 56a having an oblong cross section of the intermediate shaft 56 is inserted at one end surface, and an outer peripheral surface of a large diameter portion provided at one end side. Is opposed to the roller 53 and the coil spring 54 in the radial direction, and a small diameter portion on the other end side is formed integrally with the output shaft 2. A bearing 11 that rotatably supports the second inner ring 52 is incorporated between the small diameter portion of the second inner ring 52 and the other end of the second outer ring 51.

また、第２内輪５２の大径部の外周には、径方向と直交するカム面５２ｂが周方向に複数設けられ、これらの各カム面５２ｂと第２外輪５１の中央部の内周円筒面との間に周方向の両側で次第に狭小となる楔形空間５７が形成されている。そして、これらの各楔形空間５７に、一対のローラ５３がそのローラ５３を一つずつ楔形空間５７の両側の狭小部に押し込むコイルばね５４を挟んだ状態で配され、各楔形空間５７の狭小部に押し込まれたローラ５３を介して第２外輪５１と第２内輪５２がロックするようになっている。また、各楔形空間５７の周方向両側には第２ロック解除片５５の柱部５５ａが挿入されており、その第２ロック解除片５５は中間軸５６の係合部５６ａの外周に隙間なく嵌合固定されている。 A plurality of cam surfaces 52 b perpendicular to the radial direction are provided in the circumferential direction on the outer periphery of the large-diameter portion of the second inner ring 52, and each of these cam surfaces 52 b and the inner peripheral cylindrical surface of the center portion of the second outer ring 51 are provided. A wedge-shaped space 57 is formed which gradually narrows on both sides in the circumferential direction. A pair of rollers 53 is arranged in each wedge-shaped space 57 with a coil spring 54 sandwiching the rollers 53 into the narrow portions on both sides of the wedge-shaped space 57 one by one. The second outer ring 51 and the second inner ring 52 are locked via a roller 53 that is pushed in. Further, pillar portions 55a of the second unlocking pieces 55 are inserted on both sides in the circumferential direction of each wedge-shaped space 57, and the second unlocking pieces 55 are fitted to the outer periphery of the engaging portion 56a of the intermediate shaft 56 without any gap. It is fixed.

また、中間軸５６は、一端面に設けられた円形の軸穴に制御軸３６の小径円筒部３６ｂが摺動自在に挿入されており、制御軸３６と同一軸心のまわりに第１クラッチ３の第１内輪３２と一体に回転するようになっている。 The intermediate shaft 56 has a small-diameter cylindrical portion 36b of a control shaft 36 slidably inserted into a circular shaft hole provided on one end face, and the first clutch 3 is arranged around the same axis as the control shaft 36. The first inner ring 32 rotates together with the first inner ring 32.

そして、第２内輪５２の係合穴５２ａは、中間軸５６の係合部５６ａを挿入したときに僅かな回転方向の隙間が生じるように形成されており、これにより、第１クラッチ３の第１内輪３２の回転を、中間軸５６を介して僅かな角度遅れをもって第２内輪５２および出力軸２に伝達するトルク伝達手段が構成されている。 The engagement hole 52a of the second inner ring 52 is formed such that a slight clearance in the rotational direction is generated when the engagement portion 56a of the intermediate shaft 56 is inserted. Torque transmission means is configured to transmit the rotation of the first inner ring 32 to the second inner ring 52 and the output shaft 2 through the intermediate shaft 56 with a slight angular delay.

ここで、第１クラッチ３と第２クラッチ５は、各部材の径方向寸法が同一に形成されているが、第１クラッチ３の組込状態における各ローラ３３とこれに隣接する第１ロック解除片３５の柱部３５ａとの隙間Ａ／２（図２参照）は、第２クラッチ５の組込状態における各ローラ５３とこれに隣接する第２ロック解除片５５の柱部５５ａとの隙間Ｂ／２（図３参照）よりも小さく設定されている。 Here, the first clutch 3 and the second clutch 5 are formed with the same radial dimension of each member, but each roller 33 in the assembled state of the first clutch 3 and the first unlocking that is adjacent thereto. The gap A / 2 (see FIG. 2) between the piece 35 and the column portion 35a is a gap B between each roller 53 and the column portion 55a of the second unlocking piece 55 adjacent to the roller 53 in the assembled state of the second clutch 5. / 2 (see FIG. 3).

また、第２クラッチ５においては、後述するように組込状態から中間軸５６が第２ロック解除片５５と一体に回転して、第２ロック解除片５５の柱部５５ａが回転方向後側のローラ５３に当接したときに、中間軸５６の係合部５６ａと第２内輪５２の係合穴５２ａとの間の回転方向隙間が残るように設定されている。 In the second clutch 5, as described later, the intermediate shaft 56 rotates integrally with the second unlocking piece 55 from the assembled state, and the column portion 55 a of the second unlocking piece 55 is located on the rear side in the rotational direction. When contacting the roller 53, the clearance in the rotational direction between the engaging portion 56a of the intermediate shaft 56 and the engaging hole 52a of the second inner ring 52 remains.

前記ブレーキ４は、図１に示すように、可撓性を有する材料で形成され、制御軸３６の一端面に固定されたブレーキ板４１と、ブレーキ板４１の一側面と軸方向で対向する摩擦板４２と、ブレーキ板４１の他側面と軸方向で対向するアーマチュア４３と、アーマチュア４３をブレーキ板４１に押し付ける複数のブレーキばね４４と、制御軸３６の径方向外側に配され、通電によりアーマチュア４３をブレーキばね４４の弾力に抗してブレーキ板４１から離反させる電磁石４５とを備えた無励磁型電磁ブレーキである。 As shown in FIG. 1, the brake 4 is formed of a flexible material, and a brake plate 41 fixed to one end surface of the control shaft 36, and friction that faces one side surface of the brake plate 41 in the axial direction. A plate 42, an armature 43 that axially opposes the other side of the brake plate 41, a plurality of brake springs 44 that press the armature 43 against the brake plate 41, and a radially outer side of the control shaft 36. Is an unexcited electromagnetic brake including an electromagnet 45 that separates the brake plate 44 from the brake plate 41 against the elasticity of the brake spring 44.

このブレーキ４の電磁石４５はハウジング６の台部６ｂに固定されており、電磁石４５と制御軸３６との間には、制御軸３６を回転自在に支持する軸受１２、および制御軸３６に対する回転抵抗ともなるシール部材１３が組み込まれている。また、摩擦板４２は電磁石４５の一側面にボルト止めされており、ブレーキばね４４は、電磁石４５のアーマチュア４３との対向面に設けられた凹部に弾性圧縮状態で保持されてアーマチュア４３を押圧している。 The electromagnet 45 of the brake 4 is fixed to the base portion 6 b of the housing 6. Between the electromagnet 45 and the control shaft 36, a bearing 12 that rotatably supports the control shaft 36, and a rotational resistance against the control shaft 36. A seal member 13 is incorporated. The friction plate 42 is bolted to one side of the electromagnet 45, and the brake spring 44 is held in an elastically compressed state in a recess provided on the surface of the electromagnet 45 facing the armature 43 to press the armature 43. ing.

そして、電磁石４５に通電していないときには、ブレーキばね４４がアーマチュア４３をブレーキ板４１に押し付けることにより、アーマチュア４３に押されたブレーキ板４１が電磁石４５に固定された摩擦板４２に押し付けられ、電磁石４５に通電すると、図４に示すように、電磁石４５がアーマチュア４３を吸引してブレーキばね４４の弾力に抗して軸方向移動させ、ブレーキ板４１から離反させる。すなわち、非通電時はブレーキ板４１とこれに連結された制御軸３６を回転不能に拘束するブレーキＯＮ状態となり、通電時はブレーキ板４１および制御軸３６を回転可能に解放するブレーキＯＦＦ状態となる。 When the electromagnet 45 is not energized, the brake spring 44 presses the armature 43 against the brake plate 41, whereby the brake plate 41 pressed by the armature 43 is pressed against the friction plate 42 fixed to the electromagnet 45. When the current is supplied to 45, as shown in FIG. 4, the electromagnet 45 attracts the armature 43, moves it axially against the elasticity of the brake spring 44, and moves away from the brake plate 41. That is, when the power is not supplied, the brake plate 41 and the control shaft 36 connected to the brake plate 41 are unrotatably restrained, and when the power is supplied, the brake plate 41 and the control shaft 36 are rotatably released. .

次に、このクラッチユニットの動作について説明する。まず、ブレーキ４の電磁石４５に通電していないブレーキＯＮ状態では、前述のように、ブレーキ４によって第１クラッチ３の制御軸３６とこれに固定されている第１ロック解除片３５が回転不能に拘束されている。この状態で入力プーリ１に入力トルクが加えられると、第１クラッチ３では、図５に示すように、第１外輪３１と第１内輪３２とが各楔形空間３７の一対のローラ３３のうちの回転方向前側のローラ３３を介してロックした状態で僅かに回転した後、回転方向前側のローラ３３が第１ロック解除片３５の柱部３５ａに当接して停止する。これにより、回転方向前側のローラ３３がコイルばね３４の弾性力に抗して相対的に楔形空間３７の広大部へ移動し、第１外輪３１と第１内輪３２のロック状態が解除されて第１内輪３２も停止し、第１外輪３１のみが入力プーリ１とともに空転するようになる。 Next, the operation of this clutch unit will be described. First, in the brake-on state where the electromagnet 45 of the brake 4 is not energized, as described above, the control shaft 36 of the first clutch 3 and the first unlocking piece 35 fixed thereto are made non-rotatable by the brake 4. It is restrained. When input torque is applied to the input pulley 1 in this state, in the first clutch 3, as shown in FIG. 5, the first outer ring 31 and the first inner ring 32 are made of a pair of rollers 33 in each wedge-shaped space 37. After slightly rotating in a locked state via the roller 33 on the front side in the rotation direction, the roller 33 on the front side in the rotation direction comes into contact with the column portion 35a of the first unlocking piece 35 and stops. As a result, the roller 33 on the front side in the rotational direction moves relatively to the wide portion of the wedge-shaped space 37 against the elastic force of the coil spring 34, and the locked state of the first outer ring 31 and the first inner ring 32 is released. The 1 inner ring 32 is also stopped, and only the first outer ring 31 is idled together with the input pulley 1.

このとき、第２クラッチ５では、図６に示すように、第１クラッチ３の第１内輪３２の僅かな回転に伴い、第１内輪３２に一体形成された中間軸５６と中間軸５６に固定された第２ロック解除片５５が僅かに回転する。しかし、前述のように、第２ロック解除片５５の柱部５５ａとローラ５３との隙間が第１クラッチ３の第１ロック解除片３５の柱部３５ａとローラ３３との隙間よりも広いため、第１内輪３２が停止したときには、第２ロック解除片５５の柱部５５ａはローラ５３に当接せず、中間軸５６の係合部５６ａも第２内輪５２の係合穴５２ａに係合しない状態で停止する。したがって、第２内輪５２および出力軸２には回転伝達されない。 At this time, in the second clutch 5, as shown in FIG. 6, the intermediate shaft 56 integrally formed with the first inner ring 32 and the intermediate shaft 56 are fixed as the first inner ring 32 of the first clutch 3 rotates slightly. The second unlocking piece 55 thus rotated slightly rotates. However, as described above, the gap between the column portion 55a of the second unlocking piece 55 and the roller 53 is wider than the gap between the column portion 35a of the first unlocking piece 35 of the first clutch 3 and the roller 33. When the first inner ring 32 stops, the column part 55a of the second unlocking piece 55 does not contact the roller 53, and the engaging part 56a of the intermediate shaft 56 does not engage with the engaging hole 52a of the second inner ring 52. Stop in state. Accordingly, the rotation is not transmitted to the second inner ring 52 and the output shaft 2.

また、第２外輪５１と第２内輪５２のロック状態が維持されるので、被駆動部材が受ける重力等の外力が出力軸２から第２内輪５２に逆入力トルクとして加えられても、第２内輪５２および出力軸２が回転することはなく、被駆動部材の位置が保持される。 Further, since the locked state of the second outer ring 51 and the second inner ring 52 is maintained, even if an external force such as gravity received by the driven member is applied as the reverse input torque from the output shaft 2 to the second inner ring 52, the second The inner ring 52 and the output shaft 2 do not rotate, and the position of the driven member is maintained.

一方、ブレーキ４の電磁石４５に通電したブレーキＯＦＦ状態では、前述のように、第１クラッチ３の制御軸３６と第１ロック解除片３５がブレーキ４から回転可能に解放されている。この状態で入力プーリ１に入力トルクが加えられると、第１クラッチ３では、図７に示すように、第１外輪３１と第１内輪３２とが、回転方向前側のローラ３３を介してロックし、その回転方向前側のローラ３３で第１ロック解除片３５の柱部３５ａを押し動かしていく状態で一体に回転し続ける。これにより、第１ロック解除片３５と一体に制御軸３６およびブレーキ４の摩擦板４２も共回りする。 On the other hand, in the brake OFF state in which the electromagnet 45 of the brake 4 is energized, the control shaft 36 and the first lock release piece 35 of the first clutch 3 are released from the brake 4 so as to be rotatable as described above. When input torque is applied to the input pulley 1 in this state, in the first clutch 3, as shown in FIG. 7, the first outer ring 31 and the first inner ring 32 are locked via the roller 33 on the front side in the rotation direction. The roller 33 on the front side in the rotation direction continues to rotate integrally with the column portion 35a of the first unlocking piece 35 being pushed and moved. Thereby, the control shaft 36 and the friction plate 42 of the brake 4 also rotate together with the first unlocking piece 35.

このとき、第２クラッチ５では、まず、図８に示すように、第１内輪３２と一体の中間軸５６が回転することにより、中間軸５６に固定された第２ロック解除片５５の柱部５５ａが、各楔形空間５７の一対のローラ５３のうちの回転方向後側のローラ５３をコイルばね５４の弾性力に抗して楔形空間５７の広大部へ移動させ、第２外輪５１と第２内輪５２のロック状態を解除する。その後、図９に示すように、中間軸５６がさらに回転して、その係合部５６ａと第２内輪５２の係合穴５２ａとが係合すると、中間軸５６の回転が第２内輪５２および出力軸２に伝達されるようになる。 At this time, in the second clutch 5, first, as shown in FIG. 8, the intermediate shaft 56 integral with the first inner ring 32 rotates, so that the column portion of the second unlocking piece 55 fixed to the intermediate shaft 56. 55a moves the roller 53 on the rear side in the rotational direction of the pair of rollers 53 in each wedge-shaped space 57 to the wide part of the wedge-shaped space 57 against the elastic force of the coil spring 54, and the second outer ring 51 and the second The locked state of the inner ring 52 is released. Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 9, when the intermediate shaft 56 further rotates and the engagement portion 56 a engages with the engagement hole 52 a of the second inner ring 52, the rotation of the intermediate shaft 56 causes the second inner ring 52 and the second inner ring 52 to rotate. It is transmitted to the output shaft 2.

そして、入力プーリ１へ入力トルクを供給する駆動モータを停止させて、入力側から出力側への回転伝達を止めると、第１クラッチ３では、第１外輪３１と第１内輪３２とが、ローラ３３を介してロックした状態で停止するが、回転可能に解放されている制御軸３６および第１ロック解除片３５は慣性により回転し続けようとする。このとき、第１ロック解除片３５の柱部５５ａが回転方向前側のローラ３３から離れると、次に入力トルクが加えられたときの動作に遅れが生じやすい。このため、この実施形態では、制御軸３６を支持する軸受１２の内部の潤滑剤およびブレーキ４のシール部材１３の制御軸３６に対する回転抵抗を適切に調整することにより、第１ロック解除片３５の柱部３５ａが回転方向前側のローラ３３から大きく離れないうちに制御軸３６および第１ロック解除片３５が停止するようにしている。 When the drive motor that supplies input torque to the input pulley 1 is stopped and rotation transmission from the input side to the output side is stopped, in the first clutch 3, the first outer ring 31 and the first inner ring 32 are The control shaft 36 and the first unlocking piece 35, which are stopped in a locked state via the motor 33 but are released in a rotatable manner, continue to rotate due to inertia. At this time, if the column portion 55a of the first unlocking piece 35 is separated from the roller 33 on the front side in the rotation direction, the operation when the input torque is next applied is likely to be delayed. For this reason, in this embodiment, by appropriately adjusting the lubricant in the bearing 12 that supports the control shaft 36 and the rotational resistance of the seal member 13 of the brake 4 with respect to the control shaft 36, The control shaft 36 and the first unlocking piece 35 are stopped before the column portion 35a is largely separated from the roller 33 on the front side in the rotation direction.

また、第２クラッチ５においては、それまでの回転方向の後側のローラ５３は第２ロック解除片５５の柱部５５ａに押されたままロック解除状態で停止するが、回転方向前側のローラ５３はコイルばね５４の弾性力によってロック状態に戻る。このため、このときの出力軸２の挙動は、出力軸２および第２内輪５２が被駆動部材から受ける逆入力トルクの方向によって若干異なる。すなわち、逆入力トルクの方向がそれまでの回転方向と逆の場合には、第２内輪５２がそれまでの回転方向前側であったローラ５３を介して第２外輪５１とロックして動かないので、出力軸２も動かず被駆動部材の位置が保持される。一方、逆入力トルクの方向がそれまでの回転方向と同じ場合には、第２内輪５２がその方向に僅かに回転し、回転方向後側のローラ５３が相対的に楔形空間５７の狭小部へ移動してロック状態となると、第２内輪５２および出力軸２が停止して被駆動部材の位置が保持されるようになる。 In the second clutch 5, the rear roller 53 in the rotational direction until then is stopped in the unlocked state while being pressed by the column portion 55 a of the second unlocking piece 55, but the roller 53 in the front in the rotational direction. Returns to the locked state by the elastic force of the coil spring 54. For this reason, the behavior of the output shaft 2 at this time is slightly different depending on the direction of the reverse input torque that the output shaft 2 and the second inner ring 52 receive from the driven member. That is, when the direction of the reverse input torque is opposite to the rotation direction so far, the second inner ring 52 is locked and moved with the second outer ring 51 via the roller 53 that has been on the front side in the rotation direction so far. The output shaft 2 does not move and the position of the driven member is maintained. On the other hand, when the direction of the reverse input torque is the same as the rotation direction so far, the second inner ring 52 rotates slightly in that direction, and the roller 53 on the rear side in the rotation direction relatively moves toward the narrow portion of the wedge-shaped space 57. When moved and locked, the second inner ring 52 and the output shaft 2 are stopped and the position of the driven member is held.

なお、上記の動作の説明で参照した図５乃至図９は、入力プーリ１を左回転させる入力トルクが加えられた場合の動作を記載したものであるが、入力プーリ１を右回転させる入力トルクが加えられた場合も、各部材の回転方向以外は同じ動作となる。 5 to 9 referred to in the above description of the operation describe the operation when the input torque for rotating the input pulley 1 to the left is applied, the input torque for rotating the input pulley 1 to the right. Even when is added, the operation is the same except for the rotation direction of each member.

また、入力側から出力側への回転伝達を止める際は、駆動モータの運転中にブレーキ４の電磁石４５への通電を停止してブレーキＯＮ状態とし、第１外輪３１と入力プーリ１を空転させる（図５の状態とする）こともできる。このようにすれば、駆動モータを停止させることなく、ブレーキ４のＯＮ・ＯＦＦ操作だけで、入力側から出力側への回転の伝達と遮断を切り替えられるようになる。しかし、この場合は、ブレーキ４がＯＦＦ状態からＯＮ状態となって制御軸３６および第１ロック解除片３５が停止した瞬間に、それまで回転していた他の各部材の慣性による大きな衝撃がローラ３３から第１ロック解除片３５および制御軸３６を介してブレーキ４に加わるので、その衝撃を十分に吸収できるだけのブレーキ力を有するブレーキ４が必要となり、ブレーキ４およびクラッチユニット全体が大型化しやすい。 Further, when stopping the rotation transmission from the input side to the output side, the energization to the electromagnet 45 of the brake 4 is stopped during the operation of the drive motor, the brake is turned on, and the first outer ring 31 and the input pulley 1 are idled. (The state shown in FIG. 5 is also possible). In this way, transmission and interruption of rotation from the input side to the output side can be switched only by turning on / off the brake 4 without stopping the drive motor. However, in this case, at the moment when the brake 4 is turned from the OFF state to the ON state and the control shaft 36 and the first unlocking piece 35 are stopped, a large impact due to the inertia of each of the other members that have been rotating until then is generated by the roller. 33 is applied to the brake 4 via the first unlocking piece 35 and the control shaft 36, so the brake 4 having a braking force sufficient to absorb the impact is required, and the brake 4 and the entire clutch unit are likely to be enlarged.

このため、この実施形態で入力側から出力側への回転伝達を止めるときは、前述のように駆動モータを停止させた後にブレーキＯＮ状態とする順番で操作を行うことにより、回転伝達遮断動作がスムーズに行われるようにするとともに、ブレーキ４に必要とされるブレーキ力を小さくして、ブレーキ４の小型化を図っている。 For this reason, when stopping the rotation transmission from the input side to the output side in this embodiment, the rotation transmission blocking operation is performed by performing the operation in the order of turning on the brake after stopping the drive motor as described above. The brake 4 is made smooth, and the brake force required for the brake 4 is reduced to reduce the size of the brake 4.

このクラッチユニットは、上述したように、ブレーキ４のＯＮ・ＯＦＦ操作によって、入力プーリ１に入力トルクが加えられるときに、入力プーリ１と出力軸２の間での回転の伝達と遮断を切り替えることができ、回転伝達を行わないときには、第２クラッチ５の作用によって出力軸２に連結される被駆動部材の位置を保持することができる。 As described above, this clutch unit switches between transmission and interruption of rotation between the input pulley 1 and the output shaft 2 when an input torque is applied to the input pulley 1 by ON / OFF operation of the brake 4. When the rotation transmission is not performed, the position of the driven member connected to the output shaft 2 can be held by the action of the second clutch 5.

そして、その第２クラッチ５は同様の機能を果たすウォーム機構よりもトルク伝達効率が高いので、クラッチユニット全体としても、ウォーム機構を用いた従来のものよりも入出力間のトルク伝達効率が高いものとなっている。また、ウォーム機構を用いたものに比べると、駆動モータと被駆動部材とを同軸に配することができるため、機械装置に組み込む際に各部材の位置関係に対する制約が少なく、配置が容易という利点もある。 Since the second clutch 5 has higher torque transmission efficiency than the worm mechanism that performs the same function, the clutch unit as a whole has higher torque transmission efficiency between input and output than the conventional one using the worm mechanism. It has become. In addition, the drive motor and the driven member can be arranged coaxially as compared with the one using the worm mechanism, so that there are few restrictions on the positional relationship of each member when assembling in the mechanical device, and the arrangement is easy. There is also.

図１０は第２の実施形態を示す。この実施形態は、第１実施形態をベースとして、入力プーリ１の入力ベルト７が巻き掛けられる入力部１ａ（および入力ベルト７）の幅を狭くし、その入力部１ａに隣接するように設けた出力部１ｂに出力ベルト１４を巻き掛けて、入力プーリ１に入力トルクが加えられたときにその回転を出力部１ｂから出力ベルト１４を介して外部に出力するようにしている。これにより、入力プーリ１の出力部１ｂからの出力を第１出力、出力軸２からの出力を第２出力として、入力プーリ１への１つの入力に対して第１出力と第２出力を同時に行ったり、第１出力のみを行ったりできるようになっている。なお、第１出力は第１クラッチ３の第１外輪３１から行うようにしてもよい。 FIG. 10 shows a second embodiment. In this embodiment, based on the first embodiment, the input portion 1a (and the input belt 7) around which the input belt 7 of the input pulley 1 is wound is narrowed and provided so as to be adjacent to the input portion 1a. An output belt 14 is wound around the output unit 1b, and when an input torque is applied to the input pulley 1, the rotation is output to the outside from the output unit 1b via the output belt 14. As a result, the output from the output section 1b of the input pulley 1 is the first output, the output from the output shaft 2 is the second output, and the first output and the second output are simultaneously applied to one input to the input pulley 1. Or only the first output can be performed. The first output may be performed from the first outer ring 31 of the first clutch 3.

また、この第２実施形態では、出力軸２を減速機構１５を介して被駆動部材Ａに連結している。この減速機構１５は、出力軸２の外周に固定されるウェイブジェネレータ１５ａと、ウェイブジェネレータ１５ａの径方向外側に配されるクロスローラ軸受１６の内輪の一部と一体形成されたサーキュラースプライン１５ｂと、ウェイブジェネレータ１５ａとサーキュラースプライン１５ｂとの間に一部を挟まれるフレックススプライン１５ｃとからなる波動歯車装置である。そして、サーキュラースプライン１５ｂ（クロスローラ軸受１６の内輪）に被駆動部材Ａが取り付けられ、フレックススプライン１５ｃがクロスローラ軸受１６の外輪とともにハウジング６の柱部６ａに固定されることにより、出力軸２の回転を減速してサーキュラースプライン１５ｂから被駆動部材Ａに出力するようになっている。 In the second embodiment, the output shaft 2 is connected to the driven member A via the speed reduction mechanism 15. The speed reduction mechanism 15 includes a wave generator 15a fixed to the outer periphery of the output shaft 2, a circular spline 15b integrally formed with a part of an inner ring of a cross roller bearing 16 disposed on the radially outer side of the wave generator 15a, This is a wave gear device including a flex spline 15c sandwiched between a wave generator 15a and a circular spline 15b. The driven member A is attached to the circular spline 15b (the inner ring of the cross roller bearing 16), and the flex spline 15c is fixed to the column portion 6a of the housing 6 together with the outer ring of the cross roller bearing 16, thereby The rotation is decelerated and output from the circular spline 15b to the driven member A.

この減速機構１５の減速比は、被駆動部材Ａが受ける外力に応じて適切に設定することができる。したがって、第１クラッチ３および第２クラッチ５の設計の自由度が大きく、各クラッチ３、５のサイズ等を一定にして、クラッチユニット全体の形状を汎用性のあるものに統一することができる。 The speed reduction ratio of the speed reduction mechanism 15 can be appropriately set according to the external force received by the driven member A. Therefore, the degree of freedom in designing the first clutch 3 and the second clutch 5 is great, and the size of the clutches 3 and 5 can be made constant, and the overall shape of the clutch unit can be unified.

なお、上述した各実施形態では、ブレーキとして、無励磁型電磁ブレーキを用いたが、クラッチユニットが組み込まれる機械装置によっては、励磁型電磁ブレーキや手動でＯＮ・ＯＦＦ操作を行うものを使用することもできる。 In each of the above-described embodiments, the non-excitation electromagnetic brake is used as the brake. However, depending on the mechanical device in which the clutch unit is incorporated, an excitation electromagnetic brake or a manual ON / OFF operation may be used. You can also.

また、本発明は、入出力部材間で正逆両方向の回転の伝達と遮断を切り替える機能を有するクラッチユニットに関するものであるが、入力部材の回転方向が一方向に限定されているクラッチユニットにも応用することができる。その場合は、第１クラッチおよび第２クラッチの楔形空間を周方向の片側で次第に狭小となるように形成し、各楔形空間に組み込まれるローラを一つにすることにより、構造の簡素化が図れる。 The present invention also relates to a clutch unit having a function of switching between forward and reverse rotation transmission and shutoff between input and output members, but also to a clutch unit in which the rotation direction of the input member is limited to one direction. Can be applied. In that case, the wedge-shaped space of the first clutch and the second clutch is formed so as to be gradually narrowed on one side in the circumferential direction, and the structure incorporated can be simplified by integrating one roller into each wedge-shaped space. .

１入力プーリ（入力部材）
１ａ入力部
１ｂ出力部
２出力軸（出力部材）
３第１クラッチ
４ブレーキ（無励磁型電磁ブレーキ）
５第２クラッチ
６ハウジング（固定部材）
７入力ベルト
１４出力ベルト
１５減速機構（波動歯車装置）
１６クロスローラ軸受
３１第１外輪
３２第１内輪
３２ｂカム面
３３ローラ
３４コイルばね
３５第１ロック解除片
３５ａ柱部
３６制御軸
３７楔形空間
５１第２外輪
５２第２内輪
５２ｂカム面
５３ローラ
５４コイルばね
５５第２ロック解除片
５５ａ柱部
５６中間軸
５７楔形空間
Ａ被駆動部材 1 Input pulley (input member)
1a Input part 1b Output part 2 Output shaft (output member)
3 First clutch 4 Brake (non-excitation electromagnetic brake)
5 Second clutch 6 Housing (fixing member)
7 Input belt 14 Output belt 15 Reduction mechanism (wave gear device)
16 Cross roller bearing 31 First outer ring 32 First inner ring 32b Cam surface 33 Roller 34 Coil spring 35 First lock release piece 35a Column 36 Control shaft 37 Wedge-shaped space 51 Second outer ring 52 Second inner ring 52b Cam surface 53 Roller 54 Coil Spring 55 Second unlocking piece 55a Column 56 Intermediate shaft 57 Wedge-shaped space A Driven member

Claims

An input member, an output member, a first clutch connected to the input member for transmitting and blocking rotation input from the input member, and a rotation transmission state and rotation of the first clutch connected to the first clutch The brake for switching the shut-off state, the first clutch and the output member, the rotation transmitted from the first clutch is transmitted to the output member, and the output member is locked against the reverse input torque applied to the output member. A second clutch for stopping
The first clutch has a first inner ring disposed radially inward of a first outer ring that rotates integrally with the input member, and a plurality of cam surfaces are provided in the circumferential direction on the outer circumferential surface of the first inner ring, and the first outer ring A wedge-shaped space gradually narrowing on both sides in the circumferential direction is formed between the inner peripheral cylindrical surface of the first inner ring and each cam surface of the first inner ring, and a pair of rollers and one roller are provided in each wedge-shaped space one by one. Springs to be pushed into the narrow portions on both sides of the wedge-shaped space, and the first unlocking pieces having the pillar portions inserted on both sides in the circumferential direction of each wedge-shaped space are used as control shafts that rotate around the same axis as the first inner ring. Is fixed,
The brake can perform an operation of switching between a state in which the control shaft is unrotatably restrained and a state in which the control shaft is rotatably released,
The second clutch includes a second inner ring that rotates integrally with the output member on a radially inner side of a second outer ring fixed to a fixing member, and is between the second inner ring and the first inner ring of the first clutch. A torque transmitting means for transmitting the rotation of the first inner ring to the second inner ring with a slight angular delay, and providing a plurality of cam surfaces in the circumferential direction on the outer peripheral surface of the second inner ring, A wedge-shaped space gradually narrowing on both sides in the circumferential direction is formed between the cylindrical surface and each cam surface of the second inner ring, and a pair of rollers and its rollers are placed in each wedge-shaped space on both sides of the wedge-shaped space. A spring that pushes into the narrow portion is incorporated, and the second unlocking pieces having the column portions inserted on both sides in the circumferential direction of each wedge-shaped space are fixed to the first inner ring of the first clutch,
When an input torque is applied to the input member in a state in which the control shaft is rotatably released by the brake, in the first clutch, the first outer ring rotates in a direction of the pair of rollers in the wedge-shaped spaces. The second clutch is rotated integrally with the first inner ring locked via the front roller, and in the second clutch, the second unlocking piece fixed to the first inner ring is rotated among the pair of rollers in each wedge-shaped space. After the direction rear side roller is pushed to release the locked state of the second outer ring and the second inner ring, the rotation of the first inner ring is transmitted to the second inner ring and the output member by the torque transmitting means,
When an input torque is applied to the input member in a state where the brake restrains the control shaft to be non-rotatable, a first unlocking is performed in which the roller in the rotational direction is fixed to the control shaft in the first clutch. When the first outer ring and the first inner ring are locked, the first outer ring and the input member are idled by abutting and stopping on the one column portion, and the second outer ring and the output member of the second clutch are idled. Is a clutch unit that prevents rotation from being transmitted.

2. The clutch unit according to claim 1, wherein the brake is a non-excited electromagnetic brake that restrains the control shaft to be non-rotatable when not energized and releases the control shaft to be rotatable when energized. .

The output part which outputs rotation when the input torque is applied to the input member is provided in the first outer ring of the input member or the first clutch. Clutch unit.

The clutch unit according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a deceleration mechanism that decelerates and outputs the rotation of the output member is connected to the output member.