JP2019162905A - Truck soundness monitoring device - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a truck soundness monitoring device which can reduce the consumption of a primary battery, can quickly store the voltage of an electric double layer capacitor up to the level capable of starting a monitoring module, can secure the capacity of the electric double layer capacitor by which the monitoring module can perform the detailed analysis that requires time for calculation, and can reduce the consumption of the primary battery or the electric double layer capacitor after the operation of a railway vehicle is finished.SOLUTION: A truck soundness monitoring device comprises: a primary battery; a vibration power generating device which is connected with the primary battery in parallel and generates electric power from inputted vibrations; an electric storage device which stores an electric power generated by the vibration power generating device; a sensor part which is installed in a desired portion in a truck of a railway vehicle; and a signal processing part which processes signals acquired from the sensor part and monitors soundness of each portion of the railway vehicle. The storage device comprises at least two or more capacitors with different capacities.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

  The present invention relates to a cart health monitoring device including a vibration power generation device mounted on a railway vehicle.

  Each device mounted on the railway vehicle is supplied with electric power from the main power supply device of the vehicle through wiring. In addition, in order to improve the availability and reliability of railway vehicles, technological development related to constant monitoring is being promoted with a view to application to railway vehicle condition monitoring and maintenance. Efforts are being made to monitor and maintain the big data analyzed and used for maintenance.

  On the other hand, large-scale construction is required to install a new device for an existing railway vehicle. In particular, when equipment is installed on a carriage, there is a relationship between wiring with the vehicle body and handling in maintenance, and it is desired to avoid installing a large number of wirings as much as possible. Under such circumstances, a cart health monitoring device is known in which a vibration power generation device is installed in a cart as a power source for a sensor.

  As a vibration power generation device used for this bogie health monitoring device, for example, in a vibration power generation device installed in a railway vehicle, a long plate portion having a piezoelectric element, and a plate portion fixed to the railcar are used as the plate portion. And a support portion that supports the bending in a direction perpendicular to the plate surface, the plate portion generating power by bending vibration, an elastic member fixed to the housing, and the first direction And a coil located inside the vibrator, wherein the vibrator is arranged to repel the first magnet and the first magnet in the first direction. 2 magnets, a third magnet arranged in an annular shape with respect to the first magnet and the second magnet, and a first magnetic body surrounding the first to third magnets. The coil includes the first magnet, the second magnet, and the third magnet. Structure located between the stones, and the like are known.

JP2015-204713A JP 2017-229118 A

  The conventional cart health monitoring device described above uses a vibration power generation device as a power source. However, when a power storage device is provided to store power, a large amount of power is generated when the self-power generation amount is small, such as immediately after the vehicle starts running. There is a problem that the monitoring module that requires the operation cannot be performed. For this reason, it is conceivable that power supply by a battery such as a primary battery may be used together. In this case, the battery during vehicle suspension from the end of operation of the railway vehicle to the start of the next day after reducing the workload such as battery replacement or the like. A mechanism for suppressing wear is required.

Then, although the structure which combined the primary battery, the electrical double layer capacitor, and vibration power generation is considered, such a structure had the following subjects. In order for the CPU in the monitoring module to start up, a voltage exceeding the minimum voltage required by the CPU needs to be pressurized against the CPU. There is a need to start state monitoring immediately after operation, and in order to do so, it is necessary to start the monitoring module as soon as possible. In addition, immediately after the railway vehicle starts to travel, vibration energy generated by the carriage is small, so that the primary battery is the main supply. Immediately after the start of traveling, the vehicle has not been in an oscillating environment for a long time and therefore has not been supplied with energy by vibration power generation, and the electric potential in the electric double layer capacitor has been lowered by self-discharge or the like.

  On the other hand, in order to suppress the replacement frequency of the primary battery due to the consumption of the primary battery, it is desired to use the energy generated by vibration power generation from an early stage. For this purpose, the storage voltage of the electric double layer capacitor by vibration power generation needs to be higher than the supply voltage of the primary battery at an early stage, and the electric capacity of the electric double layer capacitor is desired to be small. However, when performing a detailed analysis that requires time for computation of the CPU, such as FFT conversion, a large amount of power is temporarily required. There is a problem that the analysis cannot be performed without relying on the power supply of the primary battery.

  In addition, the monitoring module does not need to be operated during this period since the operation of the railway vehicle is completed until the next operation (for example, the next day), so that the monitoring module does not need to operate during this period. In order to suppress wear, it is desirable to stop the monitoring module until it stops itself and the next rolling stock starts operation. In addition, a mechanism that automatically starts when the next operation starts is also required.

  Accordingly, an object of the present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and in the cart health monitoring device, it is possible to suppress the consumption of the primary battery and to monitor the voltage of the electric double layer capacitor at an early stage. The battery can be stored to the extent that the module can be started up, and the capacity of the electric double layer capacitor can be secured, which allows the monitoring module to perform detailed analysis that requires time for computation. An object of the present invention is to provide a cart health monitoring device capable of suppressing consumption of a multilayer capacitor.

  The bogie health monitoring device according to the present invention includes a primary battery, a vibration power generation device that is connected in parallel with the primary battery and generates power by input vibration, and a power storage that stores power generated by the vibration power generation device. An apparatus, a sensor unit installed at a desired site in a railway vehicle carriage, and a monitoring module that processes signals obtained from the sensor unit and monitors the soundness of each site in the rail vehicle. In the truck health monitoring apparatus, the power storage device includes at least two capacitors having different capacities.

  In the bogie health monitoring apparatus according to the present invention, it is preferable that the primary battery and the monitoring module are connected via a gate portion that is opened and closed depending on whether or not there is an input from the vibration power generation apparatus.

  In the bogie health monitoring device according to the present invention, it is preferable that the two or more capacitors are connected in parallel between the vibration power generation device and the signal processing unit.

  In the cart health monitoring apparatus according to the present invention, it is preferable that the sensor unit includes at least a temperature sensor and a piezoelectric acceleration sensor.

  According to the present invention, since the power storage device includes at least two capacitors having different capacities, the capacitor having a small capacity can increase the storage voltage early to start the monitoring module early, and With a large capacitor, the monitoring module can perform a detailed analysis that requires time for computation.

In addition, since the primary battery and the monitoring module are connected via a gate part that is opened and closed depending on whether or not there is an input from the vibration power generation device, the operation is started until the next operation starts after the vehicle ends the operation. In the meantime, the power supply to the monitoring module can be stopped to suppress the consumption of the primary battery.

1 is a schematic diagram of a railway vehicle provided with a bogie health monitoring device according to an embodiment of the present invention. The block diagram for demonstrating the structure of the power supply part in the monitoring module of the trolley soundness monitoring apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention. The block diagram for demonstrating the structure of the signal processing part in the monitoring module of the trolley | bogie soundness monitoring apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention. The block diagram for demonstrating operation | movement immediately after the driving | running | working start of the power supply part of the trolley | bogie soundness monitoring apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention. The block diagram for demonstrating the operation | movement of the electric power supply from the 1st capacitor of the power supply part of the trolley | bogie soundness monitoring apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention. The block diagram for demonstrating operation | movement of the electric power supply from the 2nd capacitor of the power supply part of the trolley | bogie soundness monitoring apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is an example of a measurement of the consumption current of the cart health monitoring device concerning the embodiment of the present invention, the supply current from a power storage device, and the supply current from a primary battery, (a) is immediately after the start of travel, (b) is the start of travel. The graph which shows the example of a measurement after 10 minutes.

  DESCRIPTION OF EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, preferred embodiments for carrying out the invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The following embodiments do not limit the invention according to each claim, and all combinations of features described in the embodiments are not necessarily essential to the solution means of the invention. .

  FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a railway vehicle including a cart health monitoring device according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a power supply unit in a monitoring module of the cart health monitoring device according to the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a block diagram for explaining the configuration of the signal processing unit in the monitoring module of the cart health monitoring apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. FIG. 5 is a block diagram for explaining an operation immediately after the start of traveling of the power supply unit of the cart health monitoring device according to the embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 5 is a diagram of the cart health monitoring device according to the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 6 is a block diagram for explaining the operation of power supply from the first capacitor of the power supply unit, and FIG. 6 shows the second capacitor of the power supply unit of the cart health monitoring apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention. Dynamics of power supply FIG. 7 is a measurement example of consumption current of the bogie health monitoring device according to the embodiment of the present invention, supply current from the power storage device, and supply current from the primary battery. a) is a graph showing a measurement example immediately after the start of travel, and (b) is a graph showing a measurement example 10 minutes after the start of travel.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the cart health monitoring device 10 according to the present embodiment includes a sensor unit 30, a master device 13, and a slave device installed at a site to be monitored of the cart 2 of the railway vehicle 1. And a primary battery 11 and a vibration power generator 12 that supply power to the power supply unit 14a of the monitoring module 14. The vibration power generation device 12 converts vibrations acting on the piezoelectric element into a voltage, a long plate portion to which the piezoelectric element is attached, a support portion that is fixed to the carriage 2 and supports the plate portion, and a plate portion. A structure including a weight that can be placed, an elastic member fixed to the housing, a vibrator that can vibrate in a first direction, and a coil positioned inside the vibrator. 1 magnet, a second magnet arranged to repel the first magnet and in the first direction, and arranged annularly with respect to the first magnet and the second magnet A third magnet and a first magnetic body surrounding the first to third magnets, and the coil is between the first magnet, the second magnet, and the third magnet. A configuration located in the position is suitable.

In addition, the bogie health monitoring device 10 according to the present embodiment secures a power source for each monitoring unit to be monitored, determines an abnormality, and couples the monitoring unit and the vehicle on the railway vehicle 1 by wireless transmission. It has an autonomous configuration.

  For this reason, one master unit 13 is installed on the vehicle body side of the railway vehicle 1, and a plurality of monitoring modules 14 having radio units 18 serving as slave units are arranged for each monitoring unit of the cart 2. The master unit 13 is connected to the general determination unit 40, and the master unit 13 periodically transmits the traveling speed and time information from the host system to each monitoring module 14, and the monitoring module 14 includes a sensor. The data from the unit 30 is sampled at a predetermined frequency, and the calculation unit 17 makes a determination based on the logic for each monitoring item. is doing.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the sensor unit 30 and the monitoring module 14 are installed in a portion to be monitored by the carriage 2 in a close state, and the vibration power generator 12 is installed in the vicinity of the sensor unit 30 and the monitoring module 14. ing.

  Such a trolley soundness monitoring device 10 measures, for example, the vertical acceleration of the trolley frame of the trolley 2 and the vertical acceleration of the axle box, and based on these values, damage to the bearings of the trolley 2 or the trolley 2 It is configured to be able to monitor snake behaviors.

  The sensor unit 30 includes piezoelectric acceleration sensors 31a and 31b and an autonomous temperature sensor 32. The piezoelectric acceleration sensors 31a and 31b are installed for detecting bearing peeling damage, and it is preferable to apply the piezoelectric method in consideration of the frequency of vibration acceleration generated in the damaged portion when the axle rotates. Moreover, it is preferable that the piezoelectric acceleration sensors 31a and 31b are respectively installed immediately above the A row and the B row so that the peeling flaws of the A row and the B row of the bearing can be detected. For example, the autonomous temperature sensor 32 can preferably set a two-stage temperature threshold value, and is provided via an insulator such as heat-conductive silicon in order to ensure electrical insulation from the surface of the shaft box body. It is closely fixed to the shaft box surface.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the monitoring module 14 includes a power supply unit 14a that processes power from the primary battery 11 and the vibration power generator 12, and a signal processing unit that is driven by the power supplied from the power supply unit 14a. 14b.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the power supply unit 14a temporarily supplies power from the vibration power generator 12 installed on the carriage frame to the power storage device 20 including the first capacitor 20a and the second capacitor 20b having different capacities. The power is stored and supplied to the signal processing unit 14b. Note that the first capacitor 20a and the second capacitor 20b are each preferably composed of an electric double layer capacitor.

  The power supply unit 14 a is connected to the primary battery 11, and the power input from the vibration power generator 12 is input by inserting the gate unit 15 from the primary battery 11 using the power input from the vibration power generator 12 as a trigger. The gate unit 15 is opened and closed depending on whether or not the battery energy is supplied to the signal processing unit 14b only while the railway vehicle is running. With this configuration, when the vehicle base is left for a long time such as a vehicle base, the supply from the primary battery 11 is stopped by opening the gate unit 15, and the monitoring module 14 can also be stopped according to this. Since the first capacitor 20a, the second capacitor 20b, and the gate unit 15 are connected in parallel, the primary battery 11, the first capacitor 20a, and the second capacitor 20b while the railway vehicle 1 is traveling. It is comprised so that electric power can be supplied from the one where electric potential is higher. As described above, the power supply unit 14 a uses both the energy generated by the vibration power generator 12 and the primary battery 11.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the signal processing unit 14 b is driven by the power supplied from the power supply unit 14 a and includes an analog signal processing unit 19 and an arithmetic processing unit 21. The analog signal processing unit 19 connects signals from the piezoelectric acceleration sensors 31a and 31b to the interface unit 16 of the arithmetic processing unit 21 through a low-pass filter 41a. Since the bearing peeling damage detection using the piezoelectric acceleration sensors 31a and 31b is performed intermittently, the energization to the analog signal processing unit 19 is applied to the power supply line so as to be limited to the A / D conversion in the arithmetic processing unit 21. A switch circuit 41b is installed and controlled. Similarly, the autonomous temperature sensor 32 is also connected to the power supply line via the switch circuit 41b.

  The calculation processing unit 21 includes a calculation unit 17, an interface unit 16, and a radio unit 18. The arithmetic unit 17 includes a CPU (Central Processing Unit) that performs arithmetic processing of various signals and an SDRAM (Synchronous Dynamic Random Access Memory) as a storage device.

  Next, power supply by the primary battery 11 and the power storage device 20 will be described with reference to FIGS. 2 and 4 to 6. As shown in FIG. 2, when the operation of the railway vehicle 1 is finished and stopped, there is no input from the vibration power generator 12, so that the gate unit 15 is opened and the primary battery 11 is not energized to the monitoring module. The consumption of the primary battery 11 can be suppressed.

  As shown in FIG. 4, immediately after the start of the railway vehicle 1, the vibration received by the vibration power generator 12 is converted into a voltage as the railway vehicle 1 travels, and the gate portion 15 is closed by the input of the vibration power generator 12. It is done. At this time, the electric power converted by the vibration power generation device 12 is also stored in the first capacitor 20a and the second capacitor 20b of the power storage device 20 at the same time. Immediately after the start of business, the potential of the first capacitor 20a and the second capacitor 20b is lowered by self-discharge, so that the potential of the primary battery 11 is the highest, and power is supplied from the primary battery 11 to the signal processing unit 14b. Is done. In addition, by providing this gate part 15, it becomes possible to start the monitoring module 14 automatically according to the travel start of the rail vehicle 1. FIG.

  Thereafter, when the vehicle continues to run, the potential of the first capacitor 20a having a small capacity becomes higher, and when the potential becomes higher than the potential of the primary battery 11, power is supplied from the first capacitor 20a to the signal processing unit 14b as shown in FIG. Is done. In order to suppress the consumption of the primary battery 11, the capacity of the first capacitor 20a is desirably higher than the supply voltage of the primary battery 11 at an early stage. It is desirable to secure a capacity that allows the temperature sensor 32 and the arithmetic processing unit 21 to operate appropriately.

  When the vehicle continues to run, the potential of the second capacitor 20b having a large capacity increases, and the power from the second capacitor 20b is supplied to the signal processing unit 14b. Since the second capacitor 20b has a larger capacity than the first capacitor 20a, it is possible to supply a large amount of power when performing detailed analysis such as FFT conversion that requires time for computation by the CPU.

  As described above, the bogie health monitoring device 10 according to the present embodiment can suppress the power supply amount by the primary battery 11 necessary for the operation of the monitoring module 14 and can extend the life of the primary battery 11. it can. By extending the life, it is possible to reduce the frequency of battery replacement.

FIG. 7 is a measurement example in which the current consumption of the cart health monitoring device 10, the supply current of the power storage device, and the supply current of the primary battery are measured immediately after the start of operation and 10 minutes after the start of travel. As is clear from FIG. 7A, immediately after the start of traveling, the supply current of the power storage device is almost zero, and it can be seen that power is supplied from the primary battery to the arithmetic processing unit. The current consumption in the arithmetic processing unit at this time is supplied for starting the arithmetic processing unit. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 7B, when the potential of the first capacitor 20a and the second capacitor 20b is increased after 10 minutes from the start of running, the power supply from the primary battery becomes almost zero, It was confirmed that the primary battery was supplementarily supplied with power only when large power such as FFT operation was required.

  In the above-described embodiment, the case where a piezoelectric acceleration sensor or an autonomous temperature sensor is applied to the sensor unit has been described. However, a sensor may be appropriately applied depending on conditions that require measurement. It is apparent from the scope of the claims that the embodiments added with such changes or improvements can be included in the technical scope of the present invention.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Railway vehicle 2 Car 10 Car bogie health monitoring device 11 Primary battery 12 Vibration power generation device 13 Base unit 14 Monitoring module 14a Power supply unit 14b Signal processing unit 15 Gate unit 16 Interface unit 17 Calculation unit 18 Radio unit 19 Analog signal processing unit 20 Power storage device 20a First capacitor 20b Second capacitor 21 Arithmetic processing unit 30 Sensor unit 31a, 31b Piezoelectric acceleration sensor 32 Autonomous temperature sensor 40 Comprehensive determination unit

Claims (4)

A primary battery,
A vibration power generation apparatus connected in parallel with the primary battery and generating power by input vibration;
A power storage device that stores electric power generated by the vibration power generation device;
A sensor unit installed at a desired site in a railcar carriage;
A signal processing unit that processes the signal obtained from the sensor unit and monitors the soundness of each part in the railway vehicle, and a cart health monitoring device comprising:
The power storage device comprises at least two or more capacitors having different capacities, and the cart health monitoring device. In the bogie health monitoring device according to claim 1,
The cart health monitoring apparatus, wherein the primary battery and the signal processing unit are connected via a gate unit that is opened and closed depending on whether or not there is an input from the vibration power generation device. In the dolly health monitoring device according to claim 1 or 2,
The cart health monitoring device, wherein the two or more capacitors are connected in parallel between the vibration power generation device and the signal processing unit. In the trolley | bogie soundness monitoring apparatus of any one of Claim 1 to 3,
The cart health monitoring device, wherein the sensor unit includes at least a temperature sensor and a piezoelectric acceleration sensor.